Croatia
What is cultural heritage ? Cultural heritage is an expression of the ways of living developed by a community and passed on from generation to generation. It includes customs, practices, places, objects, artistic expressions and values. Cultural heritage is often expressed as either intangible or tangible cultural heritage. As an essential part of culture as a whole it contains visible and tangible traces form antiquity to the recent past.
Cultural heritage types Cultural heritage can be distinguished in: built environment (buildings, archaeological
remains) natural environment (rural landscapes, coasts and shorelines, agricultural heritage) artefacts (books & documents, objects, pictures)
Dictionary Ethnology – the study of the characteristics of
different peoples and the differences and relationships between them. Anthropology – the study of what makes us human. It is the study of human societies and cultures and their development, the study of human biological and physiological characteristics and their evolution.
Croatia
Croatian cultural heritage
https://croatia.hr/en-GB/experiences/culture-and-heritage
Croatian cultural heritage
https://croatia.hr/en-GB/experiences/culture-and-heritage
Croatian cultural heritage The Cultural and Natural Heritage of Croatia
(Croatian: Prirodna i kulturna baština Republike Hrvatske) comprises sites, monuments, goods and species of particular importance to the Republic of Croatia which are protected by national law. Croatia’s unique geographic position represents a blend of different cultural spheres. It has been a crossroad of influences of the western culture and the east—ever since division of the Western Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire. https://croatia.hr/en-GB/experiences/culture-andheritage
Croatian cultural heritage Traditional Croatian culture is characterised by
exceptional diversity. Ecological conditions and the influences of the cultures with which the Croats have come into contact through history (Mediterranean, Central European, Ancient Balkan, Oriental, etc.), have resulted in the development of three specific regional cultures: Pannonian, Dinaric and Adriatic (coastal). http://croatia.eu/article.php?lang=2&id=48
Anthropologic and archaeologic sites
Ščitarjevo (Andautonija)
Polušpilja Hušnjakovo, Krapina
ANTHROPOLOGIC AND ARCHAEOLOGIC SITES
Solin amphitheatre
The most significant elements of Croatian cultural heritage
Croatian art heritage UNESCO heritage monuments Towns from the Middle ages in Istria Castles Cathedrals Ancient written monuments
Cultural heritage of Adriatic or coastal Croatia The peninsula of Zadar The old city of Dubrovnik The palace of Diocletian in Split
The city of Trogir The Euphrasian basilica in Poreč St Jacob’s cathedral in Šibenik These are all World heritage sites
Zadar Zadar is a town of monuments with a rich history and
valuable cultural heritage The historic centre is located on a peninsula surrounded by ancient walls. In July 2017 the ancient walls were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The town is a treasury of archaeological sites and historical monuments from the ancient world, Roman period, Middle Ages, and Renaissance.
Zadar Important cultural heritage sites and monuments: The Roman Forum The Cathedral of St. Anastasia and its bell tower
The Church of St. Mary with its bell tower and
monastery Many other sacral buildings, palaces, squares, museums and exhibition sites,
Zadar’s fortified walls
Dubrovnik Dubrovnik is a city in southern Croatia fronting the Adriatic Sea. It's known for its distinctive Old Town, encircled with massive stone walls completed in the 16th century. Its well-preserved buildings range from baroque St. Blaise Church to Renaissance Sponza Palace and Gothic Rector’s Palace, now a history museum.
Dubrovnik
The medieval commune of
Dubrovnik was founded earlier than the seventh century AD and grew first under Byzantine and then Venetian rule. Its imposing fortifications date back to the 13th century.These 1,940-metrelong walls and ramparts still stand intact. The historic centre is a perfect blend of Gothic, Renaissance and baroque architecture. 1979 is the year it was put on the World Heritage List.
Stari grad Dubrovnik
Episcopal Complex of the Euphrasian Basilica in the Historic Centre of Poreč The group of religious monuments in Porec, where
Christianity was established as early as the 4th century, constitutes the most complete surviving complex of its type. The basilica, atrium, baptistery and episcopal palace are outstanding examples of religious architecture, while the basilica itself combines classical and Byzantine elements in an exceptional manner.
Euphrasian Basilica
Euphrasian Basilica ï‚— The basilica has been
inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1997.
Historical Complex of Split with the Palace of Diocletian Diocletian's Palace was
placed on UNESCO'S list of world heritage sights in 1979. It is one of the best preserved sights of Roman architecture in the world. The emperor's palace was built between the years 295 and 305 a.d. as a combination of luxurious villas and roman military camps (castruma), divided into four sections by two main streets.
The Palace of Diocletian
The Cathedral of St James in Šibenik The Cathedral of St.
James is a triple-nave basilica with three apses and a dome (32 m high inside) in the city of Šibenik, Croatia. It is the most important architectural monument of the Renaissance in the entire country. Since 2000, the Cathedral has been on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
The Cathedral of St James in Ĺ ibenik
The Cathedral of St James in Šibenik The building of the church was initiated in 1402, though plans on its construction had already begun in 1298, when Šibenik became a municipality. The actual work to transform the older Romanesque cathedral began in 1431. Built entirely of stone (limestone from a nearby stone quarry and marble from the island of Brač), it was completed in three phases, from 1433 to 1441.
THE HISTORIC CENTRE OF TROGIR Since 1997, the historic centre of Trogir has been
included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites for its Venetian architecture. Trogir is the best-preserved Romanesque - Gothic complex not only in the Adriatic, but in all of Central Europe. Trogir's medieval core, surrounded by walls, comprises a preserved castle and tower and a series of dwellings and palaces from the Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque periods. The grandest building is the church of St. Lawrence, whose main west portal is a masterpiece by Radovan, and the most significant work of the Romanesque-Gothic style in Croatia.
Trogir
Trogir
PULA The Amphitheater in Pula - was built in
the 1st century at the time of the reign of Emperor Vespasian. It is believed that the Arena could receive 20,000 viewers and was built from domestic limestone. In the Middle Ages it was used for knight tournaments and fairs. Today, it is used for various summer events and events. Other important cultural monuments of Pula are: The Golden Gate, the Augustan Temple, the Twin Door and the Town Walls, the Hercules Gate , Little Roman Theater, Forum, Church and Monastery of St. Francis and the Naval Cemetery.
City of Motovun
ď‚— The City of Motovun is
located in central Istria, on an elevation that dominates over the valley of the Mirna River. It developed on the site of a prehistoric hillfort. ď‚— During the Middle Ages
it changed various feudal masters and had a degree of city autonomy. In the period 1278-1797 it was continuously under Venetian rule.
Fortresses and castles Novigrad na Dobri Mali tabor Klenovnik Dubovac Miljana Ozalj Trakošćan Bosiljevo Veliki tabor Bilje Ilok Vis Bežanec Bistra
Fortresses and castles
Cathedrals: Zagreb, Rab, Ä?akovo, Split and Nin
THE CROATIAN LANGUAGE Croatian culture is very specific with regards to it’s
alphabet. Three different alphabets were used throughout Croatian history, glagolitic letters, latin and bosančica. Another special feature is the Croatian language, which was initially Slavic, then the Croatian national, and in Latin the language used Croatian politics and officially faded in Europe.
THE OLDEST WRITTEN MONUMENTS: Baščanska ploča, Hrvojev misal, Vinodolski zakonik
TRADITIONAL FOLK COSTUMES
• Croatian national costume refers to the traditional clothing worn by Croats. • Mostly they are worn at ethnic and religious holidays, weddings, and by dancing groups who dance the traditional Croatian kolo, or circle dance. • Each cultural and geographical region has its own specific variety of costume that vary in style, material, color, shape, and form. • Croatian national costumes vary widely in design, colors used, and accessories worn.
Sources https://croatia.hr/en-GB/experiences/culture-and-
heritage https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_and_Cultural_ Heritage_of_Croatia https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/hr http://croatia.eu/article.php?lang=2&id=48