Ac power transfer wirelessly by hf by anjalibajipai

AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Introduction ď&#x192;&#x2DC; The main objective of this project is to transfer the AC power wirelessly from a power source to electrical loads using a high-frequency resonating air core transformer to develop the frequency from 50Hz to 40KHz for transferring power over a distance of 3cm.Wireless power transfer can make a remarkable change in the field of electrical engineering , which eliminates the usage of conventional copper cables and current carrying wires. Based on this concept, the project is developed to transfer the power within a small range.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Block Diagram

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Hardware Requirements            

8051 series Microcontroller Relay Driver IC Relays 7 segment display Opto-isolators Crystal LED Resistors Capacitors Diodes Transformer Voltage Regulator

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Software Requirements  Keil compiler  Languages: Embedded C or Assembly

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

HF Transformers  Electric power transmission over long distances.  High-voltage direct-current HVDC power transmission systems.  Large, specially constructed power transformers are used for electric arc furnaces used in steelmaking.  Rotating transformers are designed so that one winding turns while the other remains stationary.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

HF Transformers

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

HF Transformers ď&#x192;&#x2DC; A common use was the video head system as used in VHS and Beta video tape players. ď&#x192;&#x2DC; These can pass power or radio signals from a stationary mounting to a rotating mechanism, or radar antenna.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

AC Power Flow

 Different lines have different values for R, XL , and XC , depending on: • Length • Conductor spacing • Conductor cross-sectional area  XC is equally distributed along the line http://www.edgefxkits.com/

AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Resistance in AC Circuits  Resistance (R) is the property of a material that opposes current flow causing real power or watt losses due to I2R heating  Line resistance is dependent on:  Conductor material  Conductor cross-sectional area  Conductor length  In a purely resistive circuit, current and voltage are in phase; instantaneous power equaling the product of the two

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Wireless Power Transfer ď&#x192;&#x2DC; wireless power involves the transmission of energy from a transmitter to a receiver via an oscillating magnetic field. ď&#x192;&#x2DC; To achieve this, Direct Current (DC) supplied by a power source, is converted into high frequency Alternating Current (AC) by specially designed electronics built into the transmitter.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Applications of Wireless Power Transfer  Reduce costs associated with maintaining direct connectors .  Greater convenience for the charging of everyday electronic devices  Safe power transfer to applications that need to remain sterile or hermetically sealed  Electronics can be fully enclosed, reducing the risk of corrosion due to elements such as oxygen and water.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Applications of Wireless Power Transfer ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Robust and consistent power delivery to rotating, highly mobile industrial equipment ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Delivers reliable power transfer to mission critical systems in wet, dirty and moving environments.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Rectifier  A rectifier is an electrical device composed of one or more diodes that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).  A diode is like a one-way valve that allows an electrical current to flow in only one direction. This process is called rectification.  A rectifier can take the shape of several different physical forms such as solid-state diodes, vacuum tube diodes, mercury arc valves, siliconcontrolled rectifiers and various other silicon-based semiconductor switches.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Rectifier Rectifiers are used in various devices, including: •

DC power supplies

•

Radio signals or detectors

•

A source of power instead of generating current

•

As flame rectification to detect the presence of flame

•

High-voltage direct current power transmission systems

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Rectifier

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Voltage Regulator  A voltage regulator generates a fixed output voltage of a preset magnitude that remains constant regardless of changes to its input voltage or load conditions.  There are two types of voltage regulators: linear and switching.  A linear regulator employs an active (BJT or MOSFET) pass device (series or shunt) controlled by a high gain differential amplifier.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Voltage Regulator ď&#x192;&#x2DC; It compares the output voltage with a precise reference voltage and adjusts the pass device to maintain a constant output voltage.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Capacitors  When apply a voltage to a capacitor, a electrical field is created between the capacitor’s plates.  Energy provided by a voltage difference is stored in the electric field. The higher the voltage or bigger capacitor (higher capacitance), the stronger the electric field and more energy is stored inside the capacitor.  Capacitor does however have a limit as to the amount of energy it can store.  Energy stored in capacitor’s magnetic field can be retrieved.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Capacitors

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; It is clear that a capacitor stores energy in the form of a electric field created by potential difference across the capacitor plates.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

The Coil  An electromagnetic coil (or simply a "coil") is formed when a conductor (usually an insulated solid copper wire) is wound around a core or form to create an inductor or electromagnet.  Primarily used for transferring energy from one electrical circuit to another by magnetic coupling  Common types of Electromagnetic coils: Tesla coil, Barker Coil, Choke coil, Maxwell coil etc.  In our set-up : Primary coil- two 9 turns in parallel – 9 cm diameter, Secondary coil- 36 turns, 9 cm diameter http://www.edgefxkits.com/

AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Working Principle  This project can be used for charging batteries that physically are not possible to be connected electrically such as pace implanted in human body that runs on a battery.  The patient is required to be operated every year to replace the battery.  This project is designed to charge a rechargeable battery wirelessly for the purpose.  Since charging of the battery is not possible to be demonstrated, we are providing a DC fan that runs through wireless power.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Working Principle  This project is built upon using an electronic circuit that converts AC 230V 50Hz to AC 12V, High frequency.  The output is fed to a tuned coil forming as primary of an air-core transformer. The secondary coil develops a voltage of HF 12volt.  Thus, the transfer of power is done from the primary (transmitter) to the secondary, which is separated with a considerable distance (say 3cm).

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Working Principle  Therefore, the transfer could be seen as the primary transmission and the secondary receives the power to run the load.  Moreover, this technique can be used in number of applications: to charge a mobile phone, iPod, laptop battery, and propeller clock wirelessly.  And also this kind of charging provides a far lower risk of electrical shock as it would be galvanically isolated.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Advantages  Lower Frequency Operation – The operating frequency range is in the kilohertz range.  Low Cost - The entire system is designed with discrete components that are readily available & of affordable price.  Practical for Short Distance – The designed system is very practical for short distance as long as the coupling coefficient is optimized.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Dis Advantages  High Power Loss – Due its air core design the flux leakage is very high. This results in a high power loss and low efficiency.  Non-directionality – The current design creates uniform flux density and isn't very directional  Inefficient for longer distances- The efficiency drops exponentially with increase in distance.

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AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF

Conclusion In this PPT we have seen AC Power Transfer Wirelessly by HF, and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s working principle, advantage and disadvantage along with applications

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