Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Abstract: The outline of the project is to shut down the power supply when it is overloaded. Electronic circuit breaker is based on the voltage drop across a series element typically a low value resistor or a CT(current Transformer). The unit is extremely fast and overcomes the drawback of the thermal type.
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Introduction: The project is designed to shut down the power supply when it is overloaded. Conventional circuit breaker like MCB based is on thermal bimetal lever trip mechanism. This project senses the current passing through a series element and the corresponding voltage drop is compared against the preset voltage proportional to the current by a level comparator to generate an output for the load to trip.
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker (Continue…) Electronic circuit breaker is based on the voltage drop across a series element proportional to the load current, typically a low value resistor. This voltage is sensed and rectified to DC which is and then compared with a preset voltage by a level comparator to generate an output that drives a relay through a MOSFET to trip the load. The unit is extremely fast and overcomes the drawback of the thermal type. It uses a microcontroller from 8051 family.
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Block Diagram:
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Circuit Explanation: DC power supply-voltage VAC mains resigned to lower voltage stepdown transformer and a bridge, that is, transforms into a pulsating direct current with the use of the bridge rectifier configuration. Is rectified DC voltage is filtered and is controlled by the regulator IC. Current sensing resistor is connected to the Unit in the output circuit between the AC source and the Earth feels the current through the output circuit, a burdens. Management Unit of the comparator compares the input from the current sensing element with a reference voltage and, therefore, controls the relay switch, which in turn controls the power to the load. http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Hard Ware Equipments: POWER SUPPLY BLOCK MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S52/AT89C51) RELAY LCD MOSFET
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Power Supply: 230 V AC 50 Hz
Bridge rectifier
5v Regulator 5V DC
Filter(470Âľf) 12V step down transformer
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Micro Controller: 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range Crystal Frequency 11.0592MHZ
AT89S52
Three-level Program Memory Lock 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM 32 Programmable I/O Lines http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Relay: It is a electro magnetic switch Used to control the electrical devices Copper core magnetic flux plays main role here
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 displays. This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line by 2 lines, respectively. The standard is referred to as HD44780U, which refers to the controller chip which receives data from an external source (and communicates directly with the LCD.
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker LCD:
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker IR LED: An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a special purpose LED that transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm wavelength. Such LEDs are usually made of gallium arsenide or aluminum gallium arsenide. They, along with IR receivers, are commonly used as sensors. The appearance is same as a common LED. Since the human eye cannot see the infrared radiations, it is not possible for a person to identify whether the IR LED is working or not, unlike a common LED. http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker MOSFET: The metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, or MOS FET) is a device used for amplifying or switching electronic signals. The basic principle of the device a voltage on the oxide-insulated gate electrode can induce a conducting channel between the two other contacts called source and drain. It is by far the most common transistor in both digital and analog circuits, though the bipolar junction transistor was at one time much more common. http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Working: 230v A.C power supply is given to transformer and its step-down voltage level to 12v A.C and then bridge rectifier converts 12v A.C to D.C. Than the capacitor is connected which will filter dc supply and gives pure dc without harmonic and distortion and then the voltage regulating ic7805 is connected and regulated output will send to LED so the LED will glow when supply is enable. Now this supply is given to microcontroller +12 to pin no 40 and ground to pin no 20, the 8051 has on chip oscillator. http://www.edgefxkits.com/
Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker (Continue…) Pins XTAL1 and XTAL2 are provided for connecting a resonant network to form an oscillator. Crystal frequency ranges from 1MHz to 24 MHz, one crystal of 11.0592MHz and two capacitor is connected in this two pins 19 and 18 and its your clock circuit. The 8051 has an active high reset pin, a reset input must go high for two machine cycles when power is first applied and then goes low.
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Software Requirements: Keil Compiler Language: Embedded C or Assembly.
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Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit Breaker Conclusion: ďƒ˜ Using this device ultra fast acting electronic circuit breaking can be achieved to save expensive equipment from possible damage. ďƒ˜ Using this unique concept a prototype can be developed as a projects work for electrical engineering students
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