Book: TOKYO - by Nensi Dafa

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TOKYO PRESERVING BEAUTY AND HISTORY



TOKYO, Not only a mega-busy city that thrives on electronics and efficiency, actually has an almost sacred appreciation of nature. One must travel outside of Tokyo to truly experience the ‘old Japan’ more importantly feel these aspects of Japanese culture.


POPULATION Today, Tokyo extends way beyond the original city boundaries, and is one of the largest urban sprawls in the world, which doesn‘t make it easy to explayn exactly how.

According to recent estimates, the 23 wards that make up the city of Tokyo had an approximate 2016 population of 9,262,046 japanese people.


Justin Peralta Takahiro Taguchi

The emperor was ruler of Yamato Japan and resided in a capital that was moved frequently from one city to another. However, the Soga clan soon took over the actual power.

Chinese travellers during the Han and Wei dynasties reported that a queen called Himiko (or Pimiku) reigned over Japan at that time.


LIFESTYLE

Leslin Liu


LIFESTYLE IN TOKYO The city is also the cutting edge of fashion, design and electronics, so be prepared to pay for the privilege of shopping here.

During the 15th and 16th centuries, the influence of the Ashikaga shoguns and the government in Kyoto declined to practically nothing. The political newcomers of the Muromachi period were members of land owning, military families (ji-samurai). By first cooperating and then surpassing provincial constables, a few of them achieved influence over whole provinces. Those new feudal lords were to be called daimyo. They exerted the actual control over the different parts of Japan, and continuously fought against each other for several decades during the complicated age of civil wars (Sengoku jidai). Some of the very most poweful lordswere the Takeda, Uesugi and Hojo in the East, and Ouchi, Mori, and Hosokawa in the West. In 1542 the first Portuguese traders and Jesuit missionaries arrived in Kyushu, and introduced firearms and.

The emperor Go-Daigo was able to restore imperial power in Kyoto and to overthrow the Kamakura Bakufu in 1333. However, the revival of the old imperial offices under the Kemmu restoration (1334) did not last for long because the old administration system was out of date and practice, and incompetent officials failed gaining the support of the powerful landowners. Ashikaga Takauji, once fighting for the emperor, now challenged the imperial court and succeeded in capturing Kyoto in 1336. Go-Daigo, consequently, fled to Yoshino in the South of Kyoto where he founded the Southern court. At the same time, another emperor was appointed in Kyoto. This was possible because of a succession dispute that had been going on between two lines of the imperial family since the death of emperor Go-Saga in 1272.


Jon Tang


腹が立つ 飢餓ゲ

気まぐれ

There is a great variety to its regions‘ geographical features and weather patterns.

The first human habitation in the Japanese archipelago has been traced to prehistoric times. The Jōmon period, named after its „cord-marked“ pottery, was followed by the Yayoi in the first millennium BC when new technologies were introduced from continental Asia. During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese.

Book of Han in the first century AD. Between the fourth century and the ninth century.


MOST POPULAR FOODS YOU HAVE TO EAT IN JAPAN

Soy sauce and generally it comes with slices of radish on the side. The name sashimi comes from the tale of the fish the it used to come with the meal to identify which kind of fish you are eating. As many of you already know, Japan has a wonderful an unique cuisine but mostly when we think about the Japanese food automatically comes to our minds fish and rice.

Filippo Faruffini

It is called sushi to every piece of rice seasoned with a rice vinegar mix mixed with different ingredients: variety of fishes, vegetables, nori etc.. Furthermore, several dozen big castles.


Fortresses have been built in Japan since early times. A particular need for castles arose in the 15th century after the central government‘s authority had weakened and Japan had fallen into the chaotic era of warring states (senMost big castles towers goku jidai). During that era, Japan consisted have between two to of dozens of small independent states which five stories, and also thefought each other and built small castles re are often more floors inside than the there are on top of mountains for defense purposes. stories on the outside. When Oda Nobunaga reestablished a Several rings of walls central authority over Japan in the second half and moats serve also as well the main defen se of the 16th century, and his successor Toyotomeasure of the castles. mi Hideyoshi completed the Japan. It is called Osaka Castle and the sushi to every piece of rice seasoned.meal former three examples. to identify which kind of fish you are eating. After the end of the feudal age (1868), many castles were destroyed as unwelcome relics of the past or were lost in World War II. Only a dozen "original castles", i.e. castles with a main keep that dates from the feudal era (before 1868), survive today. Furthermore, several dozen castles were reconstructed over the past decades -mostly using concrete instead of traditional building materials. Also known as donjon or castle keep, this is the innermost, best defended and most prominent structure of a big castle.

Michel Catalisano



explore 東京

TOKYO


IN FACT, SOME OF THE BEST, MOST ESSENTIAL TOKYO

Most big castles towers have between two to five stories, and also there are often more floors inside than the there are stories on the outside. Several rings of walls and moats serve also as well the main defen se measure of the castles.

Hence, he achieved almost unlimited power and wealth. In 1603, Ieyasu was appointed Shogun by the emperor and established his government in Edo (Tokyo). The Tokugawa shoguns continued to rule Japan for a remarkable 250 years. Ieyasu brought the whole country under tight control. He cleverly redistributed the gained land among the daimyo: more loyal vassals (the ones who supported him already before Sekigahara) received strategically more important domains accordingly. The daimyo were also required to spend every second year in Edo. This meant a huge financial burden for the daimyo and moderated his power at home. Ieyasu continued to promote foreign trade. He established relations with the English and the Dutch. On the other hand, he enforced the suppression and persecution of Christianity from 1614 on. After the destruction of the Toyotomi clan in 1615 when Ieyasu captured Osaka Castle, he and his successors had practically no rivals anymore, and peace prevailed throughout the Edo period. Therefore, the warriors (samurai) were educating themselves not only in the martial arts but also in literature, philosophy and the arts, e.g. the tea ceremony. Travelling abroad and almost completely isolated Japan in 1639 by reducing the contacts to the outside world to strongly regulated trade relations with China and the Netherlands in the port of Nagasaki. In addition, all foreign books were banned.


The most important philosophy of Tokugawa Japan was Neo-Confucianism, stressing the importance of morals, education and hierarchical order in the government and society: A strict four class system existed during the Edo period: at the top of the social hierarchy stood the samurai, followed by the peasants, artisans and merchants. The members in of the four classes were not allowed to change their social status. Outcasts, people with professions that were considered impure, formed a fifth class. In 1720, the ban of Western literature was cancelled, and several new teachings entered Japan from China and Europe the (Dutch Learning). New nationalist with schools that combined Shinto and Confucianist elements were also also developed. Even though the Tokugawa government remained quite stable over several centuries, its position was steadily declining for several reasons: A steady worsening of the financial situation of the government led to higher taxes and riots among the farm population. In addition, Japan regularly experienced natural disasters and years of famine that caused riots and further financial problems for the central government and the daimyo. The social hierarchy began to break down as the merchant class grew increasingly powerful while some samurai became financially dependent of them. The nine apartments in this complex have uneven floors and rounded walls, awkward light switches, power sockets in the ceilings. In 1633, shogun Iemitsu forbade travelling

After the destruction of the Toyotomi clan in 1615 when Ieyasu captured Osaka Castle, he and his successors had practically no rivals anymore, and peace prevailed throughout the Edo period. Therefore, the warriors (samurai) were educating themselves not only in the martial arts but also in literature, philosophy and the arts, e.g. the tea ceremony. In 1633, shogun Iemitsu forbade travelling abroad and almost completely isolated Japan in 1639 by reducing the contacts to the outside world to strongly regulated trade relations with China and the Netherlands in the port of Nagasaki. In addition, all foreign books were banned. Selected daimyo were also allowed to trade with Korea, the Ryukyu Kingdom and the Ainu in Hokkaido. Despite the isolation, domestic trade and agricultural production continued to improve. During the Edo period and especially during the Genroku era (1688 - 1703), popular culture flourished. New art forms like kabuki and ukiyo-e became very popular especially among the townspeople. Ashikaga Takauji, once fighting for the emperor, now challenged the imperial court and succeeded in capturing Kyoto in 1336. Go-Daigo, consequently, fled to Yoshino in the South of Kyoto where he founded the Southern court. At the same time, another emperor was appointed in Kyoto. This was possible of a going on between two lines of the imperial family since the death of emperor Go-Saga in 1272.


Pexels

INTRODUCED TO WRIGHT BY ARATO ENDO.

TRADITION


John Applese

IN TOKYO, WHETHER FOR A BUSINESS.

MODERNISM


A new imperial capital was established at Heian-kyō

The Minamoto clan under Minamoto no Yoritomo emerged victorious from the Genpei War of 1180–85. After seizing power, Yoritomo set up his capital in Kamakura and took the title of shōgun. In 1274 and 1281, the Kamakura shogunate withstood two Mongol invasions, but in 1333 it was toppled by a rival claimant to the shogunate, ushering in the Muromachi period.

日本語のスクリプトはい くつかのフォントで 成されています 今日は寒い

HISTORY OF JAPAN 1952


Murasaki Shikibu English: Lady Murasaki; c. 973 or 978 – c. 1014 or 1031 was a Japanese novelist, poet and lady-in-waiting at the Imperial court during the Heian period. She is best known as the author of The Tale of Genji,

The first human habitation in the Japanese archipelago has been traced to prehistoric times. The Jōmon period, named after its „cord-marked“ pottery, was followed by the Yayoi in the first millennium BC when new technologies were introduced from continental Asia. During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese Book of Han in the first century AD. Between the fourth century and the ninth century, Japan‘s many kingdoms and tribes gradually came to be unified under a centralized government, nominally controlled by the Emperor. This imperial dynasty continues to reign over Japan. In 794, a new imperial capital was established at Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto), marking the beginning of the Heian period, which lasted until 1185. The Heian period is considered a golden age of classical Japanese culture. Japanese religious life from this time and onwards was a mix of native Shinto practices and Buddhism. Over the following centuries, the power of the Emperor and the imperial court gradually declined and passed to the military clans and their armies of samurai warriors. The Minamoto clan under Minamoto no Yoritomo emerged victorious from the Genpei War of 1180–85. After seizing power, Yoritomo set up his capital in Kamakura and took the title of shōgun. In 1274 and 1281, the Kamakura shogunate withstood two Mongol invasions, but in 1333 it was toppled by a rival claimant to the shogunate, ushering in the Muromachi period. During the Muromachi period regional warlords called daimyōs grew in power at the expense of the shgun. Eventually, Japan descended into a period of civil war. Over the course of the late sixteenth century, Japan was reunified under the leadership of the daimyōOda. ..Nobunaga and his successor Toyotomi Hideyoshi. After Hideyoshi‘s death in 1598, Tokugawa Ieyasu came to power and was appointed shōgun by the Emperor. The Tokugawa shogunate, which governed from Edo (modern Tokyo), presided over a prosperous and peaceful era known as the Edo period (1600–1868). A strict class system on Japanese.

Chiba, Hatakeyama Emperor Juntoku


A R C H I T E C T U R E

Dimitri Popov


„WE HAVE DECIDED NOT TO DIE“

Just when you think the setting can‘t get any more impressive, the Prada flagship store manages to make its neighbours look like they‘re trying too hard. Built in 2003 by Herzog and DeMeuron (renowned for the the bird‘s nest Olympic Stadium in Beijing; their extension to London‘s Tate.

All this austerity is counter balanced by a tall, narrow strip of stained glass behind the altar, which provides the hall with and a crucial.

KENZO TANGE Has built many impressive buildings in Tokyo, the Cathedral is arguably his finest work.

„We have decided not to die,“ declared architects Shusaku Arakawa and Madeleine Gins in the title of the book they published in 1997, arguing that lopsided, physically challenging spaces would awaken residents‘ instincts and allow them to live better, longer even forever. Head out to Tokyo‘s leafy suburb of Mitaka and see their. rainbow-coloured Reversible Destiny Lofts. The apartment is located in a condominium in the suburban town of Chofu, and is aptly named House in Chofu. The home‘s location near Mount Takao

Ryoji Iwata

Has built many impressive buildings in Tokyo, but St Mary‘s Cathedral is arguably his finest work. Built in 1964, it is a soaring vision of stainless-steelclad abstraction. Seen from the air, the apex of its roof forms a cross made of glass. The interior is equally dramatic: a cavern of sloping walls at times litup.


CREDITS Free University of Bolzano - Bozen Faculty of Design and Art Bachelor in Design and Art - Major in Design WUP 18/19 | 1st semester foundation course Project Modul: Editorial Design Design by: Nensi Dafa Book | Tokyo Supervision: Project leader Prof. Antonino Benincasa Project assistants Maximilian Boiger, Gian Marco Favretto Photography: Dimitri Popov, Filippo Faruffini, John Applese, John Cameron, Jon Tang, Justin Peralta, Leslin Liu, Michel Catalisano, Pexels, Ryoji Iwata, Takahiro Taguchi Paper: Munken Lynx Mano120 gr. Curious Iridescent Virtual Pearl 240 gr. Fonts: Replica Regular Berthold Akzidenz Grotesk BE Circula Medium Hong Kong Hustle DIN Condensed Printed: Bozen-Bolzano, January 2019 Inside pages – Digital Print | Canon Cover – Digital Print | Canon


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菟 道 稚

TOKYO “ Was a place you could happily exist alone and be self-contained. It seemed that it was better to be yourself. “


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