A N N A N ASO N O V A M as te r o f A r ch i te ctur e 2017 Yal e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e
02 - 15
S AKE M ACHINE A sustainable brewery and museum for sake K yoto, Japan 2017
16 - 27
CO M PACT CITY New development masterplan Old Oak Common, London, UK 2016
28 - 39
DE S TIN ATIO N: TR A IN S TA TION Transportation center for a developing neighborhood Old Oak Common, London, UK 2016
40 - 53
UN IV E R S ITY : R E -IM AGINE D A suite of urban strategies for revitalizing the university University of Bridgeport, CT 2016
54 - 63
Y A LE B UILDIN G PR O J E CT Single-family residence for a depressed community New Haven, CT 2015
64 - 69
F ILTE R An environmental nature center on a retail strip New Haven, CT 2014
70 - 77
WA R E HO US E F O R IN TE R A CTION NY P ublic Library branch in Bushwick, Brooklyn New York, NY 2014
N O N-S TUDIO WO R K Work done within seminar courses at Yale School of Architecture 2014 - 2017
80 - 81
Minimal Dwelling Code
82 - 83
Querini Stampalia Prison
84 - 85
F ormal Analysis: Villa F oscari, P alladio
86 - 87
Touching Edges
88 - 91
Rome: Continuity and Change
92 - 93
Freehand Study: Santa Maria in Campitelli
SAK E M AC HIN E A sustainable brewery and museum for sake of Daiginjo-shu grade, K yoto, Japan
Spr i ng 2017 An d y B o w, Se ni o r Par tne r, Fo s te r +Par tne r s Pat r ic k B e l l e w, P r i nci p al , A te l i e r Te n Ya l e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e
Th e p r o j ec t st ar t ed wit h e xte ns i v e anal ys i s o f tr ad i ti o nal s ake m aki ng an d f o c u sed o n en su r ing e ffi ci e ncy and wo r ke r s ’ co m fo r t i n e v e r y e lem en t o f t h e br ewin g s ys te m . B r e wi ng s ake i s a l i ne ar p r o ce s s , and seq u en t ial lay o u t o f sp ace s gr e atl y co ntr i b u te s to i ts e ffi ci e ncy. M o r e o v er, f r o m t h e p er sp ec t i v e o f a v i s i to r, l i ne ar s pati al s e q u e nce can te l l a c o h er en t st o r y o f sake s ake b r e wi ng b y i ts e l f, whi ch wo u l d al l o w fo r en j o y able self-gu ided t o u r s . All sequences in the proposed brewery obey the pull of gravity. Raw resources are lifted to the top of the building and then travel down through a conveyor belt of machines and processes until they become sake of the highest grade by the ground level. Just like rice and water, visitors too spiral down through a sequence of galleries, passages, and staicases that allow them to engage with every brewing space in a sto ryline progression before they reach tasting rooms and a gift shop on the street level. Engagement with brewing spaces on the way immerses guests in the world of smells and sounds associated with the sake tradition. Visitor experience is also enhanced by commercial aspects of the program, such as rooftop restaurant and multiple sake bars. Th e c o m p lex in t er t win i ng o f p r o gr am e l e m e nts r e q ui r e d fl e xi b i l i ty o f lev el c h an ges. As a r es u l t, th e b u i l d i ng co ns i s ts o f 7 fl o o r s , m o s t o f wh ic h ar e sp lit in t o t w o o ccupi ab l e s ub - fl o o r s . Th e o v e r al l o r gani z ati o n o f t h e p r o gr am p ar t s is e ns u r e s b y a s tr u ctur al gr i d that wo ul d al l o w elem en t s o f r ep eat in g d i m e ns i o ns to b e fab r i catr e d o ff- s i te . M ate r ialit y o f t h e bu ildin g f acad e s d i r e ctr l y co r r e s po nd s to e nv i r o nm e ntal r equ ir em en t s o f eac h b r e wi ng s p ace and th e r e fo r e r e fl e cts i nte r i o r p r o gr am o r gan iz at io n .
02
04
3. KOJI MOLD INCUBATION (PRECISE TEMPERATURE CONTROL)
2. WATER AND THERMAL PROCESSING
1. DELIVERY AND PREPARATION
4. FERMENTATION AND FINAL PROCESSING 5. BOTTLING AND MATURATION Diagrams of spatial requirements (area, height) for different steps of sake brewing. The diagram distinguishes between processes that present opportunities for visitor engagement and processes that require visual or environmental isolation.
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Above and left: Explaratory diagrams showing possible distribution of program parts in low building and tower typologies, depending on the requirements of site and context.
Right (top to bottom): Massing studies Labyrith scheme. Isolation of different phases of the brewing process into sequentially connected separate buildings. Linear corridor gallery of a vis iting center weaves between brewery buildings, stopping by each of them in a linear progression. Gravity scheme. Experimentational flipping of the labyrinth scheme on its side to add gravity effic iency to the program. Hybridization of the Labyrinth and Gravity schemes. Sake M achine: Final version of program organization - refined hybrid of the Labyrinth and Gravity schemes.
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6 5’ 5 4’ 4 3’ 3 2’ 2
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GROUND 8M
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LEVEL 2
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LEVEL 5
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3M
8M
5M
8M
3M
8M
1 KOJI ROOMS
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BOTTLES
Program part I: Sake Brewery. Total ar ea 1080 sq.m.: 1. Staff and storage 100 sq.m. 2. Milling, washing, and soaking 200 sq.m. 3. Steaming and koji rooms 220 sq.m. 4. F ermentation 240 sq.m. 5. Bottling 270 sq.m. 6. Cellar 50 sq.m.
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LOBBY CLASSROO
M
TASTING ROOM
Program part II: Visitor Center. Total ar ea 430 sq.m.: - Lobby and classroom 150 sq.m. - Gallery 180 sq.m. - Tasting room and servery 100 sq.m.
ROOFTOP RESTAURAN
T
STORE
BAR
Program part III: Commercial. Total ar ea 370 sq.m.: - Restaurant 170 sq.m. - Bar and store 200 sq.m. - Double elevator
LOBBY CLASSROO
ROOFTOP RESTAURAN
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T
1
KOJI ROOMS
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BOTTLES
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Suppor t Spaces. Total ar ea 320 sq.m.: - Mechanical and bathrooms 100 sq.m. - Kitchen and storage 220 sq.m.
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TASTING ROOM
STORE
BAR
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8M
VISITOR CENTER LOBBY, CLASSROOM
STAFF STORAGE
STORAGE RICE IN
MECHANICAL
BOTTLES WASHING
SAKE OUT
BOTTLES IN
BOTTLING PACKING
TASTING ROOM
VISITORS IN
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8M
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ROOFTOP RESTAURANT
KOJI I
4M
KOJI II
5M
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STEAMING
FERMENTATION 5M
5M
VISITOR ELEVATOR
FINAL PROCESSING
5M
SERVERY
BAR STORE
5M
F acade articulation option I. All window openings in brewing spaces are arranged on east and west walls, so that only morning and evening soft light enters spaces. P unched openings in the facade reveal interior activity and processes.
12
F acade articulation option II. Light comes into brewing spaces through sliver openings on south and north walls. Electrochromic glass or other shading systems may be used in south windows. This articulation results in a calmer and more legible facade.
C O M P AC T C IT Y New development masterplan for Old Oak Common, London
Fal l 2016 J o n at h an E me r y, M anagi ng Di r e cto r, Le nd Le as e J am es v o n K lem p e r e r & Fo r th B agl e y, P r i nci pal s , K P F Ya l e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e wi th Gr aham B r i nd l e and Ch l o e P u
A p r o j ec t ed in t r o d u c t io n o f th e Hi gh Sp e e d 2 R ai l i n E ngl and wi l l al l o w f o r t h e r ise o f n ew r es i d e nti al and co m m e r ci al d e v e l o p m e nt ar o und m aj o r r ail n o d es. Sin ce O l d O ak i s the o nl y pl ace i n Lo nd o n wh e r e HS2 will m eet Cr o ssr ai l , i t i s d e s ti ne d to b e co m e UK ’s l ar ge s t r e ge n er at io n p r o j ec t an d a ne w ce nte r fo r we s t Lo nd o n. Th e p r o j ec t r esp o n ds t o th e tas k o f cr e ati ng a th r i v i ng ne w ar e a i n th e c it y, wh er e p eo p le will as pi r e to l i v e , wo r k, and pl ay, and a d e s ti nati o n p eo p le will r et u r n t o v i s i t ti m e and ti m e agai n. Th e pr o j e ct acce p ts t h e Gr an d U n io n Can al that cr o s s e s th e s i te as a m ai n d r i v e r fo r th e d ev elo p m en t , as it st ill r e m ai ns an acti v e th o r o u gh far e fo r r e cr e ati o nal bo at in g, f ish in g, an d c anal wal ks . The s che m e tr e ats th e canal as a gr eat asset t h at h as a p o te nti al to b r i ng nu m e r o u s type s o f pub l i c ac t iv it y t o t h is p ar t o f L o nd o n. The co ur s e o f th e canal s e ts the axi s fo r t h e ban d o f o p en p u bl i c s pace that fr am e s i t. The co nne cti o n o f th e n eigh bo r h o o d t o lar ge m o to r ways to the s o u th and no r th i s p r o v i d e d by t wo m aj o r bo u lev ar ds th at r u n p e r pe nd i cu l ar to the l i ne ar p ar k. In t h e p r o p o sed m ast erpl an, the p ar k i s no t l i m i te d to th e l i ne ar s tr i p, bu t in st ead is d ist r ibu t e d thr o ugho ut th e ne i ghb o r h o o d i n a s ys te m o f c o m m o n L o n do n p a r k typo l o gi e s : gr e e n s q u ar e s and gr e e n co ur ty ar d s. Th r o u gh su c h di s tr i b uti o n, e v e r yo ne ge ts the i r o wn acce s s to t h e p ar k , an d t h e r eside nts o f the ne i ghb o r h o o d can m o v e ar o u nd the sit e w it h o u t ev er h av in g to l e av e th e p ar k. A s a r e s ul t, th i s u r b an l ayo ut en c o u r ages w alk in g, c y cl i ng, and l o we r e ne r gy co ns um p ti o n.
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Above: Site boundary and existing conditions
Right (top to bottom): The course of the canal sets the axis for the band of open public space that frames it. The connection of the neighborhood to large motorways to the south and north is provided by two major boulevards that run perpendicular to the linear park. The intersection of the two perpendicular axes generates a regular grid. The grid reacts to the existing infrastructure of the site and deforms to match the existing street pattern of the surrounding neighborhoods. At the periphery, it loops into a ring road.
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The park is distributed throughout the neighborhood in a system of interconnected green squares and green courtyards.
Above: Model study of spatial intersections of main infrastructure lines waterways, rail tracks, roads, and linear parks.
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Right: Masterplan model showing urban context and density distribution in the new development.
TOTAL PROGRAM ALLOCATION RETAIL 4.2% INSTITUTIONAL 8%
OFFICE 30.7% RESIDENTIAL 57%
FAR: 1.1
PHASE BREAKDOWN RETAIL 10%
OFFICE 25.1%
PHASE I RESIDENTIAL 65%
RETAIL 14.1% INSTITUTIONAL 2.8%
PHASE II
OFFICE 7.5%
RESIDENTIAL 75.7% RETAIL 0.7% INSTITUTIONAL 10.1%
PHASE III OFFICE 47.8%
RESIDENTIAL 41.4%
PROGRAM AREA TOTALS TOTAL: 2,556,640 M2 RESIDENTIAL 1,456,834 M2 RETAIL 108,579 M2 INSTITUTIONAL 206,641 M2 OFFICE 784,586 M2
COMPOSITE PROGRAMS RESIDENTIAL WITH GROUND FLOOR RETAIL RESIDENTIAL & OFFICE MIX OFFICE WITH GROUND FLOOR RETAIL
Mixed-use development with retail layer lining along the north-south pedestrian boulevard.
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Continuous park experience is created by a system of interconnected green squares and courtyards that link every resident to the great linear park in the middle of the neighborhood.
Grand Union Canal frontage is a great asset for community place-making, as it invites numerous types of recreational public activity.
Linear park that crosses the neighborhood has a potential to house a number of cultural institutions, such as galleries, libraries, or schools that would f urther add value to this feature.
A e r i a l v i e w o f t h e n e w d e v e l o p m e n t s h o w i n g d i s t r i b u t i o n o f u r b a n d e n s i t y, building types, and public space.
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D ES T I N A T IO N : T RAIN ST AT IO N A transportation center for a developing neighborhood, Old Oak Common, London
Fal l 2016 J am es v o n K lem p e r e r & Fo r th B agl e y, P r i nci pal s , K P F Ya l e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e
Th e design was in sp ir ed b y gr e at tr ai n s tati o ns o f the 19th ce ntur y, c en t er s o f so c ial lif e th at at the ti m e r e v o l v e d ar o und r o m anti ci z e d ac c o m p lish m en t s o f in dus tr y and i d e as o f tr av e l and fr e e d o m . Th e p r o p o sed t r ain st ati o n i s a d e s ti nati o n. I t i s a car e fu l l y co m p o s e d en sem ble o f sp at ial and s ym b o l i c fe atu r e s th at e l e v ate th e i d e a o f t r av el an d m ak e a st at i o n a pub l i c ce nte r. Th e i nte r s e cti o n o f tr ai n t r ac k s w it h a lin ear p a r k m axi m i z e d s tati o n’s po te nti al as a p l ace o f at t r ac t io n f o r c o m m u t ers and r e s i d e nts o f the ne w ne i ghb o r h o o d al i ke . Th e d esign exp o ses and ce l e b r ate s u nd e r gr o und tr ai n tr acks . Th e r e t ail ar c ades r u n alo n g b o th s i d e s o f th e tr acks to r e i nfo r ce th e co nne c t io n bet ween t h e t wo st re e ts p ar al l e l s tr e e ts th at fr am e th e s tati o n. The t wo sid es o f t h e ar c ad e ar e co nne cte d b y b r i d ge s that al s o pr o v i d e v er t ic al c ir c u lat io n t o t he tr acks b e l o w. The j e we l b o x o f a m ai n co n c o u r se, t h e o n ly c o n dit i o ne d s p ace i n the s tr u ctur e , p r o v i d e s wai ti ng sp ac e an d n ego t iat es m ai n s tr e e t façad e . Th e par ks cap e b e co m e s an in t egr al p ar t o f t h e st at i o n and i s al l o we d to e nte r i t. A t the po i nt wh e r e t h e br an c h o f G r an d U ni o n Canal cuts th r o u gh the s i te , th e r o o f par ksc ap e o p en s t o c r eat e a pl az a b e twe e n wate r and the r ai l ways . Fi nal l y, t o in c r ease f lexibilit y o f th e p ar ks cape , s e cto r s o f i t we r e co nv e r te d to wo o d en d ec k t h at gr ad u al l y s te ps d o wn to thr e e gr as s y m e ad o ws fo r r ec r eat io n al ac t iv it ies. Th e st r u c t u r e o f t h e st ati o n co ns i s ts o f 28 d o u b l e co ncr e te ar ch e s arr an ged in a p at t er n o f 4 fans . The b o tto m l aye r o f ar ch e d fr am e s tr ai n t r ac k s, wh ile t h e t o p laye r d e fi ne s th e ar cad e . W he n the fo o ti ngs o f t h e t o p ar c h es in t er sec t th e canal , th e i r we i gh t ge ts tr ans fe r r e d to the bo t t o m ar c h es, w h ic h a l l o ws fo r d e s i gn fl e xi b i l i ty.
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As part of master plan’s unique proposition, the train station was to be located at the intersection of rail tracks and a linear park.
Right (top to bottom): Retail arcades that run along exposed tracks create pedestrian connec tion between two parallel streets. The main concourse offers conditioned waiting space and provides street facade. The parkscape becomes a part of the station and enters it. At the bend of Grand Union Canal, the roof parkscape opens up to create a plaza between water and railways. To increase flexibility, sectors of the parkscape are converted to wooden deck.
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The parkscape is supported by structural arches that protrude above the surface to accomodate steps up and provide playground features and outside furniture for the park.
Above: Transverse section through the station Below: Park level plan
Above: Section model of the station. Section cut through the bridge that connects two sides of the retail arcade and provides vertical circulation to the track level below.
Right (top to bottom): P erspective view of the retail arcade showing access to stores on the left and the view of exposed tracks on the right.
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P erpective view into the track level below from the north street.
Left (top to bottom): Massing model of the train station city block showing the fan pattern of the structural arches. Linear park and the train station within their context. P erspective view of the canal plaza showing the intersection of the train station structure with the canal. View of the exposed track level from the canal plaza.
Right: bird’s eye view of the train station showing underground tracks, vehicular and pedestrian access, two layers of structural arches, canal plaza, and wooden deck parkscape.
Left (top to bottom): P erspective view of the retail bridge with main concourse on the right. Street level view of the train station facade and drop off area. P erspective view of the main concourse. Bird’s eye view of the canal plaza.
Right (top to bottom): P ark level pedestrian bridge with views to the retail arcade and tracks below. Wooden deck at the park level stepping down to a picnic meadow with views to the tracks on the left.
U N I VER SIT Y : RE- IM AG IN ED A suite of urban strategies for revitalizing the University of Bridgeport, CT
Spr i ng 2016 Keller E ast er lin g & A nd r e i Har we l l , s tu d i o co o r d i nato r s Ya l e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e wi th M atthe w K ab al a The University of Bridgeport conseals an enormous potential for refreshing an image of the city, as well as socio-economic dynamics of the surrounding community. Rather than proposing a masterplan for the redesigned campus, we used the combinations of existing conditions and reorganizing proposals to kickstart positive change out of nothing. Our research revealed a number of problems in the relationship between the University and the city of Bridgeport: •
Rundown on-campus living conditions paired with unexpectedly high tuition costs and a lack of full-time faculty make the university unattractive for strong applicants.
•
Despite its unique location by the historic Seaside park, the university doesn’t draw in visitors and lacks a positive image in the eyes of the city and the nearby community. Campus life dies out on the weekends.
•
Flooding issues disrupt university activities, as a number of academic and residential buildings are located within the flood zone.
•
Both, cultural and visible divides isolate the campus from the adjacent neighborhoods. Socio-economic makeup of the nearby neighborhood reveals untapped opportunities for breaching the gap between the two demographics.
Our proposal seeks to address these issues by utilizing the university as a tool for cultural and economic exchange between academia and the Bridgeport community.
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UB
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SUBSIDY FOR RENT
Above: Plan of the residential neighborhood directly adjacent to the Uni verstiy of Bridgeport campus. The plan shows candidate locations for new residential development within the proposed simplified propocol for lot splitting and lot merging. New housing units will be made available to UB students and faculty. Right: P erspective view of an abandoned factory building in the vicinity of the University that was privately retrofitted to student dormitory housing and apartments.
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Next page: P ositive impact of cultural exchange between the academics of BU and the local members of the surrounding neighborhoods. Projected narrative.
Housing exchange program: University of Bridgeport Students There are currently 187 vacant housing units in the seven blocks surrounding the University, and we are looking at an exchange that involves eligible students moving into these existing units. In order to make this move more attractive, we are considering having the university partially subsidize this rent, with the exact amount of rate-reduction being contingent on a student’s demonstrated need and GPA . The created demand and the flow of students into the neighborhood would attract private investors to develop new units through adaptive reuse of the defunct industrial spaces. This move would encourage students to remain in the city - live, work, relax, while out of school – and keep some of these students’ business in Bridgeport, as well as create a general “educated” presence. The university would extend its security patrol to encompass those blocks occupied by university-affiliated members.
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Housing exchange program: University of Bridgeport Faculty and Staff We are also proposing the same exchange mechanism for university faculty to encourage them to settle in Bridgeport. But more importantly, we target BU’s faculty members as prime candidates for new residential development within the simplified protocol for lot splitting and lot merging. Since only 27% of BU’s instructors are employed full-time, we believe that providing an opportunity for professors to rent and own affordable and attractive housing in Bridgeport would raise this rate. This would create opportunities for additional cultural exchange between the academics of BU and the local members of the surrounding neighborhoods.
UB
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MEMBERSHIP HOUSING BONUS
Above: University of Bridgeport advertisement campaing introducing new program offerings for local families.
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Right: University of Bridgeport campus with new program offerings for local families: University meal plan, continuing education, cultural pro grams, child day care, library membership, and p arking programs.
Housing exchange program: Local families that rent their housing In conjunction with the kind of hoped-for cultural exchange for students and professors, we are also looking for some more direct ways to engage some of the social issues currently operating in Bridgeport. This includes a program from the University that would be developed for non-college bound adults, such as online courses, part-time, or continuing education from professional schools of the University. In return for purchased affiliation, the University rewards its new members with a housing bonus - subsidized rent. We are also proposing that the University make certain programs available to these individuals, such as membership to the library, gym and daycare facilities, health services, and dining.
Above: Topographic map of the University of Bridgeport showing the 100 year flood line and the university structures in danger of flooding: 7 out of 13 - student dormitories.
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Right: Retrofitting of academic buildings within flood zone that can not be relocated inland. New access patterns.
University building stock reorganization W ith the housing exchange program in place, university can demolish its old decrepit on-campus housing facilities that are in danger of flooding. In addition, in collaboration with the city, the University will purchase privately-owned buildings and parcels that exist within the flood zone through a mortgage rate transfer mechanism. To encourage property owners to move inland, the University will facilitate their purchase of highervalue vacant inland properties and allow them to keep their old mortgage rates.
BIKE LANE BIKE LANE
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Several academic buildings within the flood plain will be retrofitted to abandon first-floor activities and include raised access.
Seaside University: Ecopark As part of our proposal, we are envisioning the construction of the ecological park that will take advantage of various watermanagement techniques and provide educational opportunities for natural science departments of the University. The new university walkway draws park visitors on campus and hugs the University, creating an image of the seaside place. Right side of the walkway includes a raised berm, reimagined as a raised path, while the boardwalk on the left performs purely public function.
Intersection of the proposed walkway with the main University avenue.
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Street marking system designating crossing spot, public plazas, bicycle lanes, bus stop, location for food trucks, and outdoor eating area.
New University Center The intersection of the walkway with the central avenue creates a new social hub and serves as a conversion point for other studio teams’ proposals. The hub is activated by the street marking system proposed by W ilson Carroll and Rashid Muydinov. It serves as a final node in their Painted Mile project. The street markings, in turn, invite food trucks of cultural cuisines from the project by Caroline Acheatel, Margaret Tsang, and Stephen McNamara. Finally, the hub marks the beginning of the glow-line strip that would draw campus population and park visitors to the cultural center designed by Maddy Sembler, and Elaina Berkowitz.
The introduction of a permanent designated location for food trucks of a variety of cultural cuisines.
The intersection marks the final node of the pink glow-strip that indicates the location and current operations of a farmers market and a mobile cultural center.
Y A L E BU IL D IN G PRO JEC T An affordable single-family residence for a depressed community in New Haven, CT
Spr i ng and Sum m e r 2015 Alan O r gan sc h i & A d am Ho pfne r, pr o j e ct co o r d i nato r s Ya l e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e
wi th G ar r et t Hard e e , R o b e r t Ho n, M atth e w K ab al a, Pau l Lo r e nz , and R as hi d M uyd i no v
In t h e begin n in g o f t h e d e s i gn p r o ce s s , al l facto r s affe cti ng the d e s i gn wer e o r gan iz ed in t o inte r nal and e xte r nal . I nte r nal facto r s i ncl u d e d ac t iv it ies, ser v ic es, an d ar ti facts that a h o u s e has to acco m m o d ate . E xt er n al f ac t o r s ar e c lim ate , ne i gh b o r ho o d , and s i te co nd i ti o ns th at sh ap e t h e design . As w e lo o k ed at in t er nal facto r s i n i s o l ati o n, the co ns i d e r ati o ns o f ec o n o m y ( o f sp ac e, c ir cu l ati o n, co ns tr u cti o n, and b ud ge t) pus h e d us t o c o n den se all ser v ic e s and ar ti facts o f h o u s e h o l d acti v i ti e s i nto a d en se agglo m er at e - a “co r e �. Th e ar ti facts o f the co r e acti v ate and sp ec if y o t h er wise gen e r i c s p ace s s u r r o u nd i t. Par allel t o o u r in v est igati o n o f i nte r nal facto r s , we i nv e s ti gate d e xte r nal p ar am et er s o n t h e sit e. Tho s e p ar am e te r s i ncl u d e d s unl i ght e xp o s ur e t h r o u gh o u t t h e y ear, c o nte xtual co nd i ti o ns , appr o pr i ate fr o ntage , z o n in g, t r af f ic , et c . Th o se facto r s d e fi ne d o pti m al z o ne s fo r s i te acti v i ti e s . As t h e ar t if ac t s o f t h e co r e i nfl ue nce d s p ace o f o u r h o u s e fr o m th e c en t er o u t , an d as t h e si te co nd i ti o ns s h ape d th e m fr o m o uts i d e i n, the en v elo p e in o u r p r o p o s al b e cam e th e m e e ti ng po i nt o f the two .
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Top: Corner site with the proposed massing within its context. Middle: Sketh model of the building “core” - an agglomerate of services and artifacts of all household activites. The “core” contains all services, fixtures, appliances, and devices, built-in furniture, vertical circulation, and structural elements.
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Right: P arametric search for a building envelope that would “drape” over the core agglomerate and respond to all external site conditions and requirements.
Above: Model of the building “core” in isolation - an agglomerate of services and artifacts of all household activites.
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Right: Model of the building envelope in isolation - a layer that negotiates the relationship between the “core” and the external conditions of the site.
Top: The “core” of household services and artifacts enclosed in the envelope.
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Right: Building floor plans that distinguish between the elements of the “core” and the envelope.
Top level floor plan
Ground level floor plan
Top: Building Project house construction. Summer 2015. Left: Building section mock-up showing framing system and building enve lope layers.
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Right: P ost-completion photographs.
FILT ER An environmental nature center on a retail strip in New Haven, CT
Fal l 2014 B r en n an B u c k & Jo yce Hs i ang, s tud i o co o r d i nato r s Ya l e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e
Th e bu ild in g ac t s as a m e d i ato r b e twe e n the co m m e r ci al s tr i p o f B o s t o n Po st R o ad in New H av e n, CT and the pi ctu r e s q u e p ar k. I t o r gani z e s m eet in g p o in t s an d t h e co nne cti o ns b e twe e n the two . At t h e c o r e o f t h e p r o j e ct i s a p o r o u s u nd u l ati ng wal l that b r e aks to al lo w f o r p h y sic al p assag e b e twe e n the two o p p o s i te s i d e s . I n a s e ns e , t h e w all ac t s as a f ilt e r fo r th e d i ffe r e nt typ e s o f acti v i ty as s o ci ate d wit h t h e n at u r e c en t er. I t o r gani z e s the i nte r i o r p ar ts o f th e pr o gr am by o p en in g t h em t o war d s o ne o f the two s i d e s . A l te r nati ng s pace s , att ac h ed t o t h e wall, c r eate a b ar - th e o nl y r i gi d o b j e ct o f th e s i te - that r u n s p ar allel t o t h e st r ee t. O n o n e side, t h is o r gani z ati o n p r o v i d e s a s tr e e t- fr o nt facad e wi th th e v it r in es, in f o r m at io n st and s , o u td o o r gal l e r y, and pati o s that b r i ng an u r ban f eel t o t h is p ar t of th e s tr e e t and m ake i t m o r e pe d e s tr i an- fr i e ndly. O n t h e o t h er side, thi s o r gani z ati o n i s o l ate s the p i ctur e s q ue fr o m t h e t r af f ic , f o r a m o r e co m p l e te natu r e e xpe r i e nce fo r the v i s i to r s o f t h e p ar k . All c ir c u lat io n in t h e bu i l d i ng h appe ns al o ng the u nd u l ati ng wal l s . The c h an gin g t ext u r e o f t h e wal l s - i ncr e as i ng d e ns i ty o f s l i ts - d i r e cts v i sit o r s f r o m o n e sp ac e t o th e o the r. Th o s e s l i ts cr e ate a fl i cke r i ng e ffe ct an d giv e o n e a c o n st a ntl y changi ng p r e v i e w o f wh at i s hap p e ni ng i n t h e ad j ac en t r o o m , o u t si d e , o r o n th e o th e r s i d e o f th e b u i l d i ng.
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Composite drawing of the building plan and two interior elevations with the framed views towards the park and the street.
ACCESS TO WATER
PICNIC AREA
ACCESS TO WATER VI
EW
IN
G
HI
LL
CANOE LAUNCH
OUTDOOR AUDITORIUM
CANOE STORAGE
PARKING 27 SPOTS
OUTDOOR EATING RECREATIONAL AREA FISHING
LOUNGE PARKING / SECURITY
CLASSROOM INFO / RENTAL
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY
WC STORAGE
CAFE
EXTERIOR GALLERY
Top: Site and building floor plan showing framed views towards the park and towards the street.
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Right: P erspective views of the nature center block with perforated walls from the park (top) and from the street (bottom).
W A R EH O U S E FO R IN T ERAC T IO N A branch of NY P ublic Library and a meeting place for the neighborhood, Brooklyn
Fal l 2014 B r en n an B u c k & Jo yce Hs i ang, s tud i o co o r d i nato r s Ya l e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e
In o u r digit al age, alm o s t any wr i tte n o r v i s ual m ate r i al i s r e ad i l y av ai lable f r o m so u r c es o t h er th an l i b r ar i e s . The r e fo r e , the fo cu s o f l i b r ar i e s sh if t s f r o m in d iv idu al r e l ati o ns h i p b e twe e n a patr o n and a b o o k to pub lic r ead in g, o r r ead in g in gr o ups . The m ai n r e s o u r ce that l i b r ar i e s hav e t o o f f er is n o lo n ger boo ks , b ut s pace fo r pub l i c r e ad i ng. Th e f ield t r ip t o B u sh wi ck and th e r e s e ar ch o f th e ne i gh b o r ho o d i nd ic at ed t h e lac k o f an o p e n- fo r- e v e r yo ne , fr e e , and co m fo r tab l e ce ntr al iz ed lo c at io n f o r t h e c o m m uni ty. M o s t pub l i c acti v i ti e s ar e s o m e wh at exc lu siv e an d h ap p en be h i nd the r o l l e r gas e s o f th e war e h o u s e s . Th e r esu lt an t bu ild in g is a ne w type o f a war e h o u s e that i s al ways o pe n f o r p u blic an d ac c essib l e fr o m al l th r e e s i d e d . Jus t l i ke o the r war e h o u ses in t h e n eigh bo rh o o d th at ar e b ui l t to co ntai n s o m e r e s o u r ce , t h e libr ar y war eh o u se c o ntai ns th e m o s t v al uab l e r e s o ur ce o f a p u b l i c libr ar y - p u blic sp ac e. As o n e p asses t h o u gh t o ne o f thr e e th r e s h o l d s , he fi nd s hi m s e l f i n a p u blic gar den , t h e h eart o f the l i b r ar y. The gar d e n the n l e ad s to th r e e gr o u n d -lev el p av ilio n s, whi ch s e r v e as p u b l i c “l i v i ng r o o m s ”. The i ntr o d u c t io n o f t h ese r o o m s v al i d ate s i nfo r m al s o ci al i nte r acti o n. A l l th r e e o f t h em dif f er in c h ar ac te r and p r o v i d e d i ffe r e nt s e tti ngs fo r i nfo r m al in t er ac t io n s. Th e u se o f r ep eat in g pi nwh e e l ge o m e tr y o n al l s i d e s ke e p s the hi e rar c h y bet w een t h e “ livi ng r o o m s ” at m i ni m um . Th e ge o m e tr y o f the bu ildin g h elp s c o n t ain th e co u r tyar d s pace and p r o v i d e the tr ans i ti o n bet ween sep ar at e in f o r m al pav i l i o ns o n th e gr o u nd l e v e l and the m o r e f o r m al c o n t in u o u s r eadi ng r o o m at th e to p .
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Top: Street elevation of the library within its context showing the conti nuity of street art.
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Above: Building section showing vertical expansion of the library space towards the top - isolated “living room� pavilions on the ground level, all library services on the second level, and open reading room on the third level.
Reflected ceiling plan through the ground level showing three separate “living room” pavilions.
Right (top to bottom): Massing model of the library showing the context of the corner lot.
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Building floor plans • Ground level (public plaza and “living room” pavilions) • Second level (library services, events, gallery, reference) • Third level (reading room)
P erspective views of interior spaces on each of three levels. Top to bottom: library services, reading room, “living room� pavilion.
Right: Section view from the courtyard showing different work settings on each level.
N O N - ST U D IO W O RK Work done within seminar courses at Yale School of Architecture, New Haven
2014 - 2017 Ya l e Sch o o l o f A r chi te ctu r e
Elective seminars at Yale School of Architecture focus on design logic and skills and support design thinking and representation in studio work. Projects presented in this section:
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Minimal Dwelling Code
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Querini Stampalia Prison
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Formal Analysis: Villa Foscari, Palladio
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Touching Edges
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Rome: Continuity and Change
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Freehand Study: Santa Maria in Campitelli
Mi n i m al Dwel l i n g C o de Comfort is a state of physical ease and freedom from constraint. In this project, I chose to consider minimal requirements for the state of comfort and code systems that secure this comfort. Naturally, I turned to typologies that lacked comfort. A prison cell is the perfect case of a minimal dwelling that was intentionally robbed of all manifestations of comfort. I l aye r e d o ut al l ne ce s s ar y s ys te m s tha t comprise a prison ce l l : m i ni m al ar e a o f 70 s q . ft. p e r i nd i v i dua l, minima l light ing th at i s co ntr o l l e d e xte r nal l y, co nne cti o n t o ext erna l food a nd s ani tar y faci l i ti e s , m i ni m al h e ati ng, v e nt ila t ion sy st ems, a nd pl um b i ng. The n I e xpand e d o r m o d i fi e d those sy st ems t o int ro d uce p h ys i cal and e m o ti o nal co m fo r t. Fi na lly, I a dded a la y er o f o the r s ys te m s and e l e m e nts fo r ad d i ti ona l comfort t ha t a re co ns i d e r e d i n thi s s ys te m l u xu r y. 80
Q u eri n i Stam pal i a Pri so n The change in water level in Venice causes the change in the use of buildings, and therefore their program and character. In the hybrid of the Minimal Dwelling Code project and Querini Stampalia by Carlo Scarpa, the level of comfort was set to be inversely proportional to the level of water. As water rises, one feels more constrained and therefore less comfortable. The assignment resulted in the prison topography, through which one can experience all levels of comfort. Above (left to right): • • • •
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Water prison island Mimimal comfortable square footage for habitation Freedom of acitivities and interactions Water as pleasure and no longer threat
Fo rm al An al y si s: Vi l l a Fo scari , Pal l adi o When one looks at the central cross-shaped space of Villa Foscari, he notices that the individual parts of the cross obey strong hierarchy. It seems that the cross is composed of two equal square volumes that connect side to side and form the horizontal barrel vault of the groin vault cross. The vertical barrel vault, it seems, also consists of two connected volumes and is split by the horizontal barrel vault. The split happens not in the middle, but through one of two volumes that the vertical barrel vault consists of. The resultant cross splits the volume of the portico in a similar way. It seems that the portico and the back elevation extrusion form one single volume, since both are connected through equal pediment and an engaged column. This volume, originally equal in size to the horizontal member of the central cross, is split unevenly. Both splits result in similar distribution of resulting parts: larger part in both cases is located towards the front part of the villa. 84
To u ch i n g E dges The p r o j e ct chal l e nge d the no ti o n o f a monolit hic form a nd d e v e l o pe d a s ys te m o f co nne cti ng h e av y object s t hrough t heir e d ge s . I n thi s m o d e l , al l co nne cti o ns bew een solid w ooden b l o cks ar e m ad e th r o u gh l aye r s o f th i n pa per. As a result , t he o b j e ct th at s e e m s s o l i d and m o no l i thi c is held t oget her by s o m e thi ng uns u b s tanti al . The r e s u l tant co m p o s i ti o n e xpl o r e d a r ange of possible joint s al l o we d b y e d ge - to - e d ge p ape r co nne ctions bet w een cubes. The m o m e nts o f e m e r ge nce o f the i ns i d e color on t he out side s u r face e m p h as i z e th e d e l i cacy o f a paper-t hick single la y er o f th e “m o no l i th .�
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Ro m e: C o n ti n u i ty an d C h an ge Thi s i nte ns i v e fi v e - we e k s u m m e r wo r ks hop t ook pla ce in Rome and was d e s i gne d to pr o v i d e a b r o ad o verview of t ha t cit y ’s m aj o r ar ch i te ctur al s i te s , to po gr ap h y, and sy st ems of urba n o r gani z ati o n. Hand s ke tchi ng was u s e d as a pr i m ar y to ol of discovery during e xp l o r ati o ns o f b u i l d i ngs , l and s cape s , and ga rdens, bot h w it h i n and o u ts i d e th e ci ty.
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Freeh an d stu dy : San ta Mari a i n C am pi te lli The p r o p o r ti o ns and d e tai l s o f th e Hi gh Ba roque int erior by R ai nal d i we r e s tud i e d i n thi s cu taway isomet ric dra w ing t o r e v e al phas e s i n co ns tr ucti o n and ar ch i tect ’s effort s t o unify two co nj o i ne d s p ace s wi th co m p e ti ng ce nt ers. Thi s fr e e hand d r awi ng was d o ne i n pe nc il a nd w a t ercolor on wate r co l o r pap e r. Do ne o n s i te i n 12 p anels. Overa ll dimen s i o ns 38 x 50 i n. E xhi b i te d i n A m e r i can A cad e m y i n R o m e , J une 17-21, 2016.
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