Go s fo r d Erina
l
Saratoga
ri
se
Wo y Wo y
Brisbane Wate r
C e n tr a l c o a s t
Se
a
le
ve
B o o k er b a y
S y d ney
LAND7321 Landscape technology 2, Term 1, 2019 Assignment 3. Portfolio of innovative technologies, approaches and materials Ao [Anita] Zhou
C onten t
Chapter 01 / Site In trodu ction
Chapter 02 / De sign strate gies
Chapter 03 / Tec h n ologie s
Chapter 04 / C on clu sion
Chapter 01 | S ite Introduc tion
Context
The Central Coast of NSW is a coastal region and local government area (LGA) stretching from the Hawksbury River in the south, where it borders Sydney, to Lake Macquarie in the north. It is bounded by the Watagan Mountains to the west and the South Pacific Ocean to the east. The region is known for its striking scenery of waterways and national parks. It is a large LGA covering 1,681 square kilometres. Our design studio will focus on the Brisbane Water estuary and the string of settlements around it in the southern part of the Central Coast. The study area encompasses the foreshores of Brisbane Water and is defined as the land that is affected by coastal flooding.
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Wa t a g a n M o u n t a i n s
C en t r a l co a s t
S yd n ey
K u -ri n g -g a i C h a s e Na t i o n a l P a r k Fig.01 NSW context map
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Chapter 01 | S ite Introduc tion
Wo y Wo y
We were divided to five groups to discuss different areas within Brisbane Water catchment, there are Gosford, Erina, Saratoga, Booker Bay and Woy Woy. I will focus on Woy Woy area as my study site. Woy Woy emerges as a part of the vast Sub urban sprawl that caters the Central Coast. This can be reasoned due to the major train line that brings commuters to and from Sydney. It is a dense urban center that stretches from Umina in the south to Ettalong and Blackwall to Woy Woy Bay and Pelican Island in the north. Most of it is on a large peninsula known simply as “the Peninsula� which protrudes from the Peninsula.
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Erina
Go s fo r d
Gr een p o in t B r i s b a n e w a t er Saratoga P el i ca n i s l a n d Woy Woy bay
Wo y Wo y Ettalong
B l a ck w a l l
B o o k er b a y
Um i n a B ea ch
Fig.02 Southern part of Central Coast: Woy woy in Brisbane water context
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Chapter 01 | S ite Introduc tion
Wicked problem - Flooding
Sea le
There are populatio coast line lower tha making t flooding rise.
Existing condition map
100 year flood risk map
1 year ARI
1602 L OT S AFFECT ED Effected lots by flooding
10 year ARI
3042 LO TS AF F E C TE D
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S ea l e v e l r i se f looding
Nuisan ce floo d i n g
A r ea l fl o o d i n g
here are around 85% of Australia opulation lives really close to the oast line. Many of coastal plains are ower than the current high tide level, making them vulnerable to extreme ooding with an increase in sea level se.
When rain water collected in small depressions in the landscape with no where to drain. This takes up to 2-4 days to evaporate into the air or infiltrate into the ground
When salt water from sea level rises seep through the sand dune landscape and pool in the terrain.
S D
100 year ARI
3898 LOTS AFFECTED
100 year ARI + 0.4 SRL
100 year ARI + 0.9 SRL
4965 L OT S AFFECT ED
5398 L OT S AFFECT ED
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Chapter 02 | S trategie s
Demographics Woy Woy holds a current population of 10,642 with 47% male and 53% female. The median age of the people in Woy Woy (State Suburbs) was 48 years. Children aged 0 - 14 years made up 15.1% of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 28.2% of the population.
Medium age map
Income map
Contour map
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Existing site condition
Sea level rise flooding
Weak west-east linkage
Stormwater
Poor water management
Car dependency
Lack community interaction
Mono industry
Elder people dominated population
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Chapter 02 | S trategie s
Three Scenarios
Scenario 01 - The fort
Scenario 02 - Green jacket
The Fort defends against sea level rise by building a wall to keep the water out. As such, Woy Woy can continue operating as business as usual.
The Green Jacket retreats from sea level rise by density. A green waterfront stops the water from
• Introduction of waste to energy plant to create improve enonomy and supply energy to growingCentral Coast. •The wall changes the character of amenity by the water. When walking along the wall, users will have an elevated view of the shore. •Visual connection to water is blocked at the ground level. •Train station remains in the same location. • Flood resilient for 50 years.
• Introduction of primary industry in the form o • Increased waterfront recreation area that func • The connection to the water’s edge is slightly buffer. • Train station is relocated to higher ground. • Flood resilient for 50 years.
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Scenario 03 - Amphibious living
l rise by relocating the town centre and ater from going further inland.
Amphibious Living adapts to sea level rise with new urban typology that intensifies living next to water.
e form of aquaculture. hat functions as a flood buffer. slightly distanced with a planting
• Introduction of an education and research precinct that focuses on marine ecology and estuarine biodiversity. • A new typology of waterside living in the form of finger wharf like buildings. • The connection to the water’s edge is maintained and intensified. • New mode of transport: water taxi • Flood resilient for 100 years.
und.
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Chapter 02 | S trategie s
Consolidated design
Scenario 02 - Green jacket
+ Scenario 03 - Amphibious living
Te c h n o l o g i
1 2 3
Water sensors
Grasshopper si
Fabricating sys responsive bio-
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logies
nsors
pper simulation
ing system ve bio-system
Outcomes
The new island village are accessible by a new urban pattern and amphibious living lifestyle. The new urban fleet of boats and ferries as well as floating bridges. Farms, office, parks, neighborhoods, campus. Other industry zone will provide areas for salt water farming of shellfish and biofuel. • New urban pattern • Amphibious living lifestyle • New efficiency transportation • New connection with floating bridges • Introduce Algaculture and biofuel as new industry on the site • Unique water management system • Innovative material - vertical ecosystem
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
1 Wa t e r s e n s o r s
+
Grasshopper simulation Where this idea come from?
Fig.01
Fig
Fig.02
Fig
Wetland 880 case study This wetland open space is an elevated 880 freeway. They are proposing to build a responsive wetland system [Fig.01] that can purifies and clean the stormwater water when it flows to the bay. This water will flow through primary, secondary and tertiary treatment cell, which are design for treating specific pollutant types based on water quality sensors. The data will be used to activate the inflatable control dams which are between two treatment cell [Fig.03]. They designed flow pattern for treated fresh water merging into the bay, tidal marsh biodiversity increased when the fresh water meet salt water. [Fig.04]
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Inspired! How can I use this system in my design?
Fig.03
Fig.04
According to this case study and analysis of my design site. I will use grasshopper to simulate the most efficiency water flow path and calculate how much water will collected in each ‘zones’ through the data collect from the water quality sensors. After that we can design planting plan for each ‘zones’ to stimulate effect of flooding and create new urban farming system for WoyWoy. Based on the flat typology and nuisance flooding in WoyWoy, we can use grasshopper to build a digital model for typology to manipulate how many meters we can elevated on street to avoid flooding or where we can dig ground as a small wetland or water tank for future irrigation. Then we can use water sensor to manage the ‘zones’ including analyzing nutrition, water demand, planting health. People can use APP to manage or control water in the ‘zone’.
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
The ‘zones’
Upland
Low land
Marsh buffer
Tidal marsh
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Tita l flat
Shallow bay
lowest observe water level
Tide level
Highest water level
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
Innovative material Inflatable / portable rubber weir
Rubber weir Air filled in Water flow
Single anchor
Water filled in
Rubber weir
Water flow
Two anchors
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High-strength s ynthetic fabrics
Resilient to any weather
Flexibility
Water control
Cost effectiveness
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
Proposed plan for technology 01 + 02
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Water sensors location and weirs
Data flow ‘Zones’ location Water flow in street
Water will be sensed before entering the system to calculate how much water needed for specified irrigation areas and most efficient path. Rubber weirs filled with air or water and store water for dry season. In rain season, it can quickly prevent flooding during high flow Data flow will shared with local residents and also people who travel here. It can provide planting list for education, nutrition table and farm trading event location and date. It can encourage people go out and communicate with each other.
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
D
at
a
fl
ow
Impression
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
2 Fabricating system responsive bio system Where this idea come from? EcoLogicStudio
Fig.01
Fig.
The studio focus on the potential of algae. The use microalgae for energy, bio radars and generative agents which is usd for filtering water and making food. The Hortus Paris exhibition [Fig.3&4] presented a responsive bio-architectural hybrid which incorporated micro-algal organisms into an interactive and living environment. The algae canopy[Fig.01] not only provide equivalent with 25 trees oxygen and also provide shelter for people to use. Fig.03
F
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Inspired! How can I use this system in my design? Fig.02 According to this case study and analysis of my design site. I think there are huge potential to development algae system in Woy Woy. I will use algae biomass system relate to water, proposed town center and urban canopy structure create an new amphibious algae system network to create a new living life in WoyWoy and encourage new economy opportunities. Fig.04
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
Proposed Amphibious algae system network
O2
O2
O2
O2 O2
+
Solar energy Algae
+ ETFE cushions
H
O
QR code
+ Algae
CO2
CO2 CO2
Proposed town center
+
CO2
CO2
+
Algae
adaptive and resilient alga cladding
Marina habitat Wa t e r Wa t e r recovery
remove
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p
By
Harvest
Fertilizer
ts
uc
d ro
Introduce multipul age group in woywoy •
Byproducts
Oil extraction Bi
od
Algae research center •
ies
el
+
and algae
Foodspirulina
New industry •
biofuels Algae powered building
•
Life cycle
•
New energy
Vi s i b l e ecological process •
Oyster
Fish
Crayfish
Muscle
Clam
move Nitrogen
Phosphorous
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
Innovative material E t h y l e n e Te t r a F l u o r o Ethylene (ETFE)
Sunlight Air
Air
ETFE cushion
Water[stop heat] Air
High translucency fabric less than 1% of the equivalent area of glass Up to 95% of natural light Temperature and strength resistance Man-made material that respects nature
Air
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Algae cladding facades
Fill in algae
Absorbing carbon dioxide Insulate the structure Bioactive facades Recycle energy
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
Proposed plan for technology 03
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Alage canopy + ETFE cushion location Proposed bridge s
algae cultivation location Water flow in street
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Chapter 03 | Te chnologies
Impression
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Future city
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Chapter 04 | C onc lusion
In conclusion what I found...
1
3
Water sensors
+ Grasshopper simulation
+
Technologies
2
Algae
CO2
ecological s loop Consumption
Fabricating system responsive bio-system Biofuel
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Algae
gical system loop
O2
Algae harvest
Energy
All the technologies been used and design strategies are aim to create a life circle to WoyWoy. The new island village are accessible by a new urban pattern and amphibious living lifestyle. The flooding will be collected by the ‘zones’ and reuse it for irrigation and urban agriculture. In the town center, will have algae powered medium density building to reuse the energy as well as provide visible ecological process interaction.
ofuel
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References Books • Cantrell, B. & Holzman, J., 2016. Responsive landscapes : strategies for responsive technologies in landscape architecture First., New York, NY: Routledge. • Margolis, L., 2007. Living systems : innovative materials and technologies for landscape architecture, Basel ; Boston: Birkhäuser.
Web Sites / Electronic PDFs • ‘Wetland 880’ Responsive Landscapes website < http://responsivelandscapes.com/2013/12/09/wetland-880-a-pollution-treatment-approach/> • ‘Making Ground / Farming Water, Corte Madera, CA’ TLC Landscape Architecture website <http://tlslandarch.com/portfolio_page/making-ground-farming-water/> • ‘Oyster-tecture, Brooklyn NY’ SCAPE studio website <https://www.scapestudio.com/projects/oyster-tecture/> • ‘Sydeny context map’ Simply road. Every Road <https://routelines.com/> • ‘INTERNI-EXPO’ EcoLogicStudio website <http://www.ecologicstudio.com>