College of Arts and Sciences magazine 2013 by Appalachian State University

A P PA L AC H I A N S TAT E U N I V E R S I T Y

Dean’s Welcome It is a great pleasure to send you the first issue of the College of Arts & Sciences (CAS) newsletter from Appalachian State University. Now in my fifth year as dean of CAS, and thirteenth year on the faculty at Appalachian, I know we have some great achievements to share, and our newsletter contains a nice sample of those activities.

A P PA L AC H I A N S TAT E U N I V E R S I T Y

One Grain of Sand at a Time

..... 1

FERMENTATION SCIENCES

Growing Industry, Growing Science

..... 4

PHILOSOPHY & RELIGION

Aging and Caring

..... 6

COMPUTER SCIENCE

The Forecast is Bright

..... 8

GEOLOGY

The Life Cycle

. . . . . 10

ENGLISH

Teaching Girls

. . . . . 12

PHILOSOPHY & RELIGION

The One About the Lutheran at the Baptist Sunday School

. . . . . 14

LANGUAGES, LITERATURES & CULTURES Who Was I? . . . . . 16

College of Arts & Sciences Advancement Council Members The Advancement Council is comprised of interested alumni and friends of the College of Arts & Sciences whose purpose is to advance the College through their time, talent, and gifts. The following members currently serve on the Council. Betsy Brantley, ’77 Alan Brantley, ’72 Roger Carpenter, ’69 Don Cline Matthew Dolge, ’86 Hughlene Frank, ’68 Bill Frank, ’68 Tripp Gabriel, ’82 Marley Gray, ’91 Ron Hass, ’67 June Hege, ’65 Bob Hege, ’65 Ursula Henniger, ’89 Harald Heymann, ’74

Susan “Scotty” Jackson, ’76 Steve Jesseph Tasse Little, ’86 John Mackay, ’74 Owen Margolis Hugh “Crae” Morton Freda Nicholson Steve Norwood, ’80 Gary Shore, ’71 Don Sink Ron Smock Steve Vacendak David Wilcox, ’74

This is an exciting time at Appalachian, and our College has been at the front of the University’s bold plan to become a distinctive nationally recognized university with a focus on both teaching and scholarship. In this regard, CAS blends the best aspects of small liberal arts and research universities to achieve a learning environment that serves our students extremely well. I am proud to tell everyone about the exceptional faculty and students in our College. For example, Dr. Joseph Bathanti, a professor of creative writing, was recently named North Carolina’s Poet Laureate. The faculty of our College provide a vast majority of the core liberal arts education for all the students of the university, while students majoring in CAS programs represent nearly one-third of all the bachelor’s and master’s degrees earned at Appalachian. Clearly, the College of Arts & Sciences at Appalachian is a center of excellence, quietly educating the largest group of students on campus. Now, it is time for us to provide a bit more detail for some of our stories. This CAS magazine, along with recent enhancements of our website and social media, will help to remind our alumni and friends about our teaching, community outreach, and scholarship. I hope you will enjoy reading this first printed edition. Moreover, please visit us at www.cas.appstate.edu, where you can easily access our Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn sites. The articles included in this first issue are focused on our faculty, with comments on student impacts. While the activities of our faculty are varied, the central theme of this first issue complements a major university initiative in sustainability. Many of our faculty and students perform research associated with sustainability, and some of these activities have received regional and national recognition. As our stories show, the key concepts of sustainability reach beyond the sciences to activities in the humanities and social sciences. So, you’ll not only read about some science-based projects in sustainability, but you’ll also learn about initiatives in philosophy, religion, languages, anthropology, and others. Our faculty and students are involved professionally and personally in many of the subjects that are contained in a broad definition of sustainability. Outstanding colleges and universities are great because of their people– their faculty, students, staff, alumni, and friends– who all contribute to the fundamental mission of higher education and the creation of new knowledge. In this regard, you are part of the College of Arts & Sciences’ great success for Appalachian. I will appreciate your reactions to this publication. In particular, we seek a name for our new magazine and your suggestions are welcome. Thanks to all who have supported and encouraged us in this year and in the past. We teach extraordinary students, preparing them for exciting careers and discoveries. Your support and contributions allow us to provide transformational experiences that will create outstanding entrepreneurs, leaders, and citizens of North Carolina and the world. We look forward to hearing from you.

Concept and Photography: Polly A. Briley Editor: Pam Aycock Graphic Design: Advertising Design Systems The printing of this magazine was done by Appalachian students and Mountaineer Printing as part of the Advanced Printing and Finishing coursework. Mountaineer Printing uses eco-friendly processes and inks. This magazine was printed on 100% recycled paper certified by the Forestry Stewardship Council.

Sincerely,

Anthony (Tony) G. Calamai Dean, College of Arts and Sciences

One grain of sand at a time Each individual is one grain, but together we are a mountain.

In 1990 university chancellors and presidents from around the globe came together in a historic attempt to define and promote sustainability in higher education. The Talloires Declaration defined the role of the university in the following way: “Universities educate most of the people who develop and manage society’s institutions. For this reason, universities bear profound responsibilities to increase the awareness, knowledge, technologies, and tools to create an environmentally sustainable future.” Appalachian State University is one of more than 430 universities that have signed the declaration and made implementation part of their strategic plan. As a priority Appalachian will “apply our intellectual, academic, cultural, and research resources to promote sustainable economic growth, prosperity, and quality of life throughout this region and state.”

We create and sustain knowledge that will be passed on to the next generation.

In the College of Arts & Sciences, our more than 400 faculty in over 100 majors and minors provide the foundation in research and classroom instruction to advance sustainability in higher education. At CAS we see sustainability as what we do every day in the classroom, lab, and office. We bring the diverse and comprehensive study of sustainability together as we explore how our past relationships influence current conditions, how those current conditions affect our lives and behaviors, and how to create the capacity to endure and thrive in the future. We see each individual as holding one grain of sand. That one sand grain doesn’t seem remarkable by itself, but when all our grains are brought together the mountain we create is really impressive. The College of Arts & Sciences at Appalachian contains many grains of sand, and we create and sustain knowledge that will be passed on to the next generation. On the following pages are just a few examples of the grains of sand our faculty at Appalachian are working on to promote sustainability for our community and beyond.

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

Sue Keefe Sue Keefe began her education in a rural one-room schoolhouse in Priest Lake, Idaho.

In rural Appalachia there is an epidemic of suicides and other manifestations of mental illness. How to reach these people in need while working within the region’s cultural, religious, and generational parameters is a question Professor Sue Keefe has been working on since she moved here in the late 1970s. Cultural competency is all about understanding the patient’s world view as a way to provide healing. Many of Keefe’s informants believe that if you are overwhelmed, can’t eat, and feel lost, exhausted, and worthless, you have a spiritual illness. Getting on your knees and praying is the only answer. Your faith is being tested and you are weak. Looking for help outside of God is not an option. Understanding this core belief is crucial to providing mental health care in Appalachia. “Western North Carolina is overwhelmingly evangelical Christian and so there are religious attitudes and world views that set this region apart,” Keefe explained. “We need to find culturally appropriate practices in the region and also to incorporate more people from the region in those professions– social service professionals, health professionals, mental health professionals.” Keefe’s study of the gap in mental health treatments in Appalachia led her to her examination of cultural competency. The latest is a study of depression among Appalachian natives conducted with colleague Dr. Lisa Curtin in the psychology department. If natives believe health comes from God, according to Keefe, then the health practitioner and social worker must understand this world view and recognize the holistic cultural and religious references. “You have to understand the cultural context from which people come in order to understand what they are telling you,” Keefe said. “You must understand what they are telling you to provide them with some kind of sensible therapy. There is also the sense of identity and connection. Mountain people are proud of their heritage and are most at ease with others like themselves. They may not connect with a therapist who is Catholic from Boston.” Keefe helps sustain the cultural and religious past of Appalachia to understand and explain why and how those influences greatly affect healing in our area today.

Professor Eric Marland is a mathematician, and his father, Gregg, is a geologist; together they and their colleagues are working to model carbon emissions using multiple data sets and variables. Thirty years ago, Dr. Gregg Marland, as part of a think tank within the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (of which Appalachian is a member), designed a modeling theory that is still used today by countries in reporting their carbon emissions. The problem is that it was designed almost 30 years ago and is still the primary model used. Eric Marland Eric Marland is the Faculty Advisor of the Appalachian State Cycling team.

“Both he [Gregg] and I would agree that his model stayed too long,” Eric Marland said. “You would like your research to move things in a positive direction, for others to build off it successfully or to recognize that yours was wrong and go in a new direction. Whether or not the models we are developing are used in the future, I am hoping that there is some positive influence in the end. That is all you can hope for.” There are a lot of questions that need answering today. Economic priorities and best results are playing a greater part in decisions on how to reduce carbon emissions and minimize climate change. For instance, should massive emission reductions be attempted in an economic downturn, or should greater use of, say, coal make more sense now? A graduate student of Eric’s, Jenna Cantrell, asked that question in her research thesis. She wondered whether it would be beneficial to burn huge amounts of coal, make a lot of money, bank it, and then use that bankroll to build massive amounts of solar farms in the future. “Time is a big factor,” Eric explained, “You could think of it as investing in technology. Do you spend more emissions now in order to save more later, or does increasing emissions now hurt your chances to reduce them later? You have to figure out the value. There are no known answers to this, but we are getting close.” Isaac Newton and others have referred to their work as standing on the shoulders of giants. Eric’s father, a member of the Nobel Prize-winning IPCC group, would be considered a giant by many, but Eric’s hopes are more modest– just to be “a little thin piece of turf” that others stand on to advance the research for today and tomorrow.

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

Gabe Casale Gabriele Casale has done field work in Turkey, Bosnia, Croatia, Italy, Venezuela, Argentina, and the U.S.

What if in 10 minutes a geologist could find out the peak temperature of a rock? If the rock was formed when the temperature was below 300ºC, this can mean the presence of hydrocarbons: oil, coal, and gas. By studying a large collection of rocks, geologists can build a comprehensive database of rock temperature calibrations, shaving off dollars and labor from geological research. Getting this type of data today requires funding, travel, and time. Professor Gabriele Casale and Dr. Jennifer Burris (Department of Physics and Astronomy) are combining their efforts and expertise in geology and physics to develop a new method for understanding the composition of rocks. Using a technique called Raman spectroscopy, the scientists direct a laser beam onto the rock and study the light that scatters from it. By calibrating the light pattern with other known temperatures and pressures, they can develop a mathematical equation that can then be used to determine the peak temperatures of other rocks. Casale is just beginning his tenure-track career at Appalachian, having defended his dissertation in August at the University of Washington, and believes people will be pretty interested in this far-ranging new method of determining peak rock temperatures. “But first somebody has to convince someone to develop it,” Casale acknowledged. “There are some doubts about how it has worked so far, and it is not very well established. It works convincingly for higher temperatures. If it works for lower temperatures, or can be calibrated for lower temperatures, then it would be in use consistently.” A process that uses a tiny sample can turn out a result in under 20 minutes and cost pennies; this is something an industry in pursuit of hydrocarbons or coal, gas, and petroleum might be interested in. But it has other implications for Casale that mean more to him professionally and personally. His academic interest is in mountains, specifically, their building processes. His work requires a broad knowledge of rock compositions. Knowing more about the natural conditions of rocks helps him to understand faults and folds and how mountains were built. A database of rock calibrations would make the math required to get from data to calibration much easier. Building on the foundation work of others and with a lot of long work ahead in testing and verification, the Raman spectroscopy method would be of immense help with geological studies locally. To Casale, one of the great benefits of this process would be for universities that have little funding to do pure geologic research. “The nice thing is industry has as much money as it wants,” Casale said. “Since many universities have a Raman spectrometer for use in biology, chemistry, and physics, even universities that have very little funding can use this method. It is very quick and only costs about 10 minutes of laser time. I bet that is on the order of pennies. It is super easy.” Casale is planning for the future of geology, hoping to help expand and sustain the knowledge collected for future geologists and industry. Through the work of Gabriele Casale, Eric Marland, Sue Keefe, and all the members of the College of Arts & Sciences at Appalachian, CAS leads the way in providing a sustainable education for generations of students to come.

College Math CAS Degrees Awarded 1256 ————————— = ———— = 32.2% of all degrees for 2011 awarded in CAS ASU Degrees Awarded 3891 CAS Student Hours 232,595 ————————— = ———— = 49.8% of all credit hours of Appalachian students earned in CAS ASU Student Hours 467,484 CAS Faculty 481 ————————— = ———— = 40.7% of university faculty in CAS ASU Faculty 1180 Data for period July 1, 2010, to June 30, 2011

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GROWING INDUSTRY, GROWING SCIENCE Providing industry with science and talent.

After a protracted process of application and reviews, Dr. Anthony Calamai, dean of the College of Arts & Sciences, met with the Committee on Educational Planning, Policies, and Programs of the UNC Board of Governors in June 2012 to seek final approval of a new Bachelor of Science degree in fermentation sciences. Professor Seth Cohen, director of the Fermentation Sciences program, said in the news release announcing the new degree, “Students will develop the knowledge and skills to be successful in areas ranging from bioprocessing of agricultural feedstock, treatment of water and waste streams, production of biopharmaceuticals, fuels and chemicals, and craft beverage production.” Cohen joined Appalachian in 2010 to build upon the infrastructure put in place by support from federal and state funding agencies towards developing a degree initially focused in enology and natural products chemistry. His goal was to develop a more comprehensive program that was relevant for current and future graduates and economic development in the Southeastern United States. He had come from Oregon State University, one of a small number of universities in the country that have programs with emphasis in fermentation science. His research interests included understanding the relationship between climate and production of quality grapes, wine, grains, and hops, as well as the application of fermentation sciences within the broader field of biotechnology.

Our students will be competitive in seeking employment or graduate work today and 20 years from now.

Seth Cohen Seth Cohen came to Appalachian with the explicit directive to develop, implement, and foster the Fermentation Sciences degree program.

Dean Calamai saw a natural collaboration between Cohen’s research and another faculty member interested in fermentation, Dr. Brett Taubman, a professor in Appalachian’s Department of Chemistry. Taubman, an analytical chemist, had been performing research on the quantitation of beer and mead flavor and aroma compounds derived under varying fermentation conditions, and saw the potential of using brewing science as a comprehensive teaching tool. In the spring of 2010 Taubman, along with Dr. Shea Tuberty, a biology professor with research interests in aquatic toxicology and chemistry, and a personal interest in brewing science, had offered an honors class titled “The Science, Business and History of Brewing.” But there were detractors to be convinced. For example, a reporter from a Winston-Salem news show was incredulous about the serious academics behind a course on brewing science. “After attending a brewing class lecture full of biochemistry and engineering notes, little of which he could understand, he changed his mind,” Tuberty said. “Like many, he did not understand the amount of basic chemistry behind the course, nor the important role in human history and culture that fermentation has played.” Bringing the research interests of Cohen and Taubman together was fortuitous for Dean Calamai. “Our new Fermentation Sciences degree program is an innovative, interdisciplinary course of study that emphasizes the applied science and applications associated with the fermentation bioprocess,” said Calamai. “The degree has been modeled on the basis of a Professional Science Master’s curriculum. In that respect, students primarily study the applied science associated with fermentation and essentially minor in business studies and take courses regarding policy and ethics associated with the fermentation industries.” Developing the new program required months of designing a curriculum that met academic standards, professional guidelines, and industry needs. When students sign up for the program, they will discover a rigorous curriculum focused in chemistry, biology, mathematics, and business.

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

“The goal of new-program development at Appalachian is to build degrees that transcend a trend in career opportunities,” Cohen said. “We want flexible degree programs that are able to adapt to changes in the professional landscape as markets expand and stabilize. The Fermentation Sciences program was built with this in mind. Our students will be competitive in seeking employment or graduate work today and 20 years from now.” Fermentation industries are some of the fastest growing in the United States and abroad. These industries, and fermentation in general, range from biofuels, biotech research and development, food sciences, environmental remediation, biopharmaceuticals, and beverages. In North Carolina in particular the wine and beer industries are experiencing record growth. Nationwide, the Brewers Association reports that craft beer sales have grown by 15% in the last year, currently make up 5% of the market, and should reach 10% of the beer market by 2017. The North Carolina wine industry has also been growing significantly in recent years. In the last decade grape acreage has more than doubled, and the number of wineries now exceeds 112. “The ASU Fermentation Sciences degree program will be one of only a few in existence nationally, and the only one east of the Rocky Mountains,” Tuberty said. “Although collaboration with regional breweries and wineries will always be important to us, so will collaborative research with state and regional biotechnology companies.” Appalachian’s new Fermentation Sciences program has already placed students in internships and jobs before the first student has completed the B.S. degree. Three graduates are now employed at Samuel Adams, Foothills, and Olde Hickory Breweries, with two more planning to open their own breweries. Industry investment is also growing, as evidenced by the five tech

firms who supported a recent grant proposal by Cohen, Taubman, and Tuberty. TMD Technologies Group, a biotech company in South Carolina, recently donated a flow-through bioreactor, typically applied for the remediation of industrial wastewater, so students can learn on the latest technologies. TMD owner Chuck Davis said in donating new technology to the fermentation program that he is educating his future employees. TMD is not alone in seeing the benefits of collaborating with the program, as Sierra Nevada and New Belgium Breweries are in preliminary discussions with the college on research and internship partnerships. “The opportunities for student and faculty research in this area are endless,” Taubman said. “Whether they want to go on to graduate school, find employment in any number of growth industries, or start their own businesses, students graduating with a degree in fermentation sciences will be prepared for success.” Students receive hands-on experience in scientific endeavors, but they are also creating a new venture where the profits are invested right back into their education. Ivory Tower Brewery is the first academic commercial brewery in the United States. It is entirely run and operated by the faculty of Fermentation Sciences, interns, and employees, all of whom are current or former students of the program. The entrepreneurial nature of Ivory Tower supports an academic program in a time when finding sustainable funding is challenging. Faculty and student research play an important academic and economic role, and the self-supporting component of the Fermentation Sciences program that allows for continued cutting-edge research makes it unique and attractive to students, industry members, and government representatives. Burgeoning industries working hand in glove with a new program is exactly what Dean Calamai had in mind when meshing research and commerce, promising a great collaborative future.

Taste of Success Appalachian Mountain Brewery will open its doors in early 2013 as a model of what ASU’s Fermentation Sciences program has envisioned for their new degree– a student, through coursework and hands-on experience, walking out of the college prepared to put that knowledge to work in the brewing industry. Nathan Kelischek, co-owner of AMB (with Sean and Stephanie Spiegelman), was in the initial class Drs. Brett Taubman and Shea Tuberty taught on the science, business, and history of brewing. Kelischek’s subsequent experience as a student and employee of Ivory Tower Brewery gave him the expertise and confidence to start his own venture. “[Working in Ivory Tower] gave me the practical experience that the class was touching on, the different types of hops, malts,” he said. “That practical experience definitely helped me get to where I am today in starting my own brewery.” Appalachian Mountain Brewery is located on Boone Creek Drive, and Kelischek hopes to open this fall with an initial production schedule of 1000 barrels a year. The brewery’s tagline, “Act Local, Drink Local,” is not just a slogan; it is a business and social philosophy. Donating a percentage of each poured glass through Pints for Non-Profits, generating power from wind and solar energy, developing the site to incorporate wetlands restoration, and creating a grain exchange with local farmers are all part of Kelischek’s long-range vision. The connection to the Fermentation Sciences program will remain a big part of the brewery’s future. “I want to set up programs for students to get practical experience in a microbrewery through internships,” Kelishchek said. Appalachian’s commitment to community enhancement is strengthened by such partnerships, developing and promoting sustainable local industry.

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The personal and the policy.

Aging AND Caring The Long-Term Plan Monique Lanoix Monique Lanoix did her postdoctoral research in bioethics social policy.

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

At a nursing home in Montreal, Professor Monique Lanoix was serving two roles. As a member of the ethics committee, she made policy recommendations on ethical dilemmas that can arise in long-term care facilities, but it was her other role that would largely influence her academic future– the role of family member, watching the day-to-day care her husband received and considering the importance of the people who provided that care. Soon after defending her proposal for a doctoral dissertation in philosophy, Lanoix and her husband were involved in a serious head-on car accident. He suffered a closed head injury that resulted in important cognitive and motor deficits. He now resides in a long-term care facility. As a result of this experience, Lanoix came to be well acquainted with the acute, rehabilitative, and extended care services offered to individuals with severe head traumas in the Canadian health care system. This sudden immersion into the world of cognitive impairment, to the manner in which professionals deal with cognitively impaired individuals, and to the ways in which significant others must navigate their way through the maze of medical care had a profound effect on her. In fact, it transformed her research; relating social citizenship rights to continuing health care services became central to her studies. “Long-term care is different,” Lanoix, now a professor of philosophy and religion at Appalachian, explained. “I thought, wow, there are a lot of philosophical issues here that aren’t examined. Nobody really talks about it. That is how I started thinking about it.” She now explores long-term health care services in two ways– the political foundation for a right to access expanded health care services and the impact of current policies on those who require assistance and their family members. For example, in many parts of the world, acute care is guaranteed in some form by the government, but

long-term care is not. In Canada, where Lanoix saw the gap most personally, the differences in how the provinces provided coverage were dramatic. In Quebec the costs for out-of-pocket expenses above medical care was around $1700, but in Nova Scotia families were paying upwards of $6800. The provincial government has since undertaken a series of changes that now bring the costs to patients and their families more in line with the other provinces.

Composed of researchers from Canada, the United States, and Europe, the team includes sociologists, architects, historians, political scientists, economists, and physicians. Lanoix’s role on this team is to guide the philosophical and ethical exploration of the issues that are related to institutional caregiving. The researchers are visiting sites and interviewing workers to find out how they are doing and if they like their jobs. The project is in its third year and its goal

The goal is to develop policy for sustainable nursing homes, where residents have a good life and the staff are treated well and enjoy their work. Lanoix’s scholarly interest was sparked by the work the paid caregivers were doing. Visiting a particular nursing home on a daily basis, Lanoix got to see how the staff worked, the pressures they were under, and the manner in which they would cope. She also saw the bonds they would try to forge with some of the residents and how they reacted when some residents were difficult. This gave her a good vantage point from which to examine care labor. Were the staff mechanics simply going about fixing what was broken, or did they function in a more nurturing way as true “care givers”? She was invited to join a group of international scholars who, with funding from the Canadian government, were tasked with a comprehensive review and analysis of how Western countries are dealing with all of the issues, problems, and solutions of long-term care. The “Re-imagining Long-Term Residential Care” project looks at the practices of both funding caregiving and the physical buildings themselves from the perspective of all parties– the residents, families, case workers, and administrators. The group will then put their recommendations forward to the Canadian government.

is to develop policy recommendation for sustainable nursing homes, where residents have a good life and the staff are treated well and enjoy their work. The importance of this issue is only going to increase for the next 30 years as the vast majority of us either need such care or are the decision maker in placing someone we love. The aging population is not just growing in numbers, it is also growing in longevity. More people are living into their 90’s and 100’s. With advanced age, the complexities of care increase; Lanoix sees an opportunity to understand and place care within a greater social context. “How are we going to fund it? Where is the money going to come from?” Lanoix asks. As a scholar and someone who had to face this issue firsthand, Lanoix is aware of the challenges encountered by care workers as well as the obstacles for institutions striving to provide care that is financially sustainable but also compassionate. Lanoix has published articles on the topic of care labor and participated in numerous international conferences on caregiving, attempting to find the solutions.

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

The Forecast is Bright A public /private partnership is flourishing.

Atop a shed behind Valle Crucis Elementary School is a strange-looking instrument about two feet high. At its zenith is a propeller with big spheres at the end. In blue shorts and a gray shirt, Professor Ray Russell climbs a ladder leaning against the shed’s side. The sun is high overhead and beating down with valley intensity, proving Ray’s weather prediction correct yet again; it is going to be hot today.

Software development is a vital infrastructure element for economic development. We have to address this problem to have sustainable economic growth.

Yes, Ray of RaysWeather.Com is a real person. And that face on the website? It really is Ray. Okay, perhaps younger, but there is a resemblance. After fourteen years of producing the High Country’s microclimate weather forecast, Russell still climbs his own ladder to change the batteries in the more than sixty weather stations he monitors.

Russell, an associate professor in the Department of Computer Science, has been at Appalachian since 1991 and is the former chair of the department. He is one of many faculty across campus who apparently lack sleep, days off, and any downtime at all because of their calling to connect outside of campus. “I have been burning the candle on both ends for years,” Russell said. But the drive to create and solve problems motivates him and many in the Appalachian community. Some write books, some volunteer with non-profit organizations, and some take their talents and interests and turn them into products for the market place.

Ray Russell Ray's Weather receives 4.5 million hits a month.

Ray’s Weather is a product that began when Russell saw a gaping hole in the market for real, reliable forecasting and live weather data in Western North Carolina. Now anyone who lives in or has traveled through the High Country knows RaysWeather.Com and all of its location offshoots. But that personal identification with the brand, the face that smiles out at us each time we click on the website, may be changing as Russell shifts to a broader trajectory for the company. “The concept behind RaysWeather.Com is portable to any geographical location,” Russell said. “The real idea is that weather sites should be built first on real (not ‘guesstimated’) weather data from key locations in the region. We think this concept can be especially successful in any location where outdoor activities are crucial to the economic interests of the region– agriculture, tourism, recreation, etc.” Russell sees a “Ray’s Weather” available throughout the country. The core of RaysWeather.Com is a union of computer science, a passion for weather, and a desire to connect people with local events, businesses, culture, and attractions. From a computer science standpoint, RaysWeather.Com is a large system of data archived from sixty (soon to be seventy) weather

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

Russell has also turned his attention to a new service offered by the Department of Computer Science, AppSource. This new resource was designed “to address the demand and need for locally based software development as well as providing real-world experience for our undergraduate computer science students in an internship type setting,” as stated on the AppSource website. AppSource employs Appalachian State students through grants and other contracts to build “real” systems for a variety of businesses and organizations in northwest North Carolina. As a business owner, Ray has firsthand experience with the struggle for finding local, reliable, stable software development services. The Department of Computer Science is working to be While Ray’s Weather a partner in the region to deal with this “software shortage.” According to provides an Russell, “Software development is a outlet for Russell vital infrastructure element for economic to explore new development. We have to address this technology and bring problem to have sustainable economic it to the classroom, inevitably it’s the “business” growth. Good computing services are integral to any business’s success.” side of RaysWeather.Com In addition to the public-private that captures the greatest student interest. “Computer science majors know partnership on display in his class and through AppSource, Russell has now the technology,” he said. “What they signed an agreement with the Blue Ridge don’t know is how to turn that into a Parkway Foundation to provide an instant successful business. They want to weather service for visitors as they drive know what types of revenue models are along the entire distance of the scenic available to make a concept work. They want to know how a seed idea they have route. Webcams will also allow sightseers to see what is just ahead can turn into a business.” Some of those students end up with jobs at in their travels. This partnership of the federal government’s National Parks RaysWeather.Com. Currently Service, Appalachian, and Ray’s Weather eight of his employees are former Appalachian students. provides a template for future From there students move collaborations that can launch students into successful careers. to other employers with not only extensive hands-on computer skills but also a vision of building a successful business.

stations and twenty-five (soon to be thirty-two) webcams. Additionally, the computer system allows forecasters to enter forecasts and salespeople to enter and maintain ads that make the service free to the general public. Russell estimates that the entire software package underlying the site is about 400,000 lines of code. As for passion, Ray loved studying weather even as a kid; that was rekindled with the Blizzard of 1993 when Ray started reading college meteorology textbooks. Finally, the “local”... Ray believes that connecting weather to the people, culture, events, and economic interests of an area is the way a weather service should naturally function. As Ray often says, “Weather is one of the most important natural resources in the Southern Appalachians.”

AppSource Brian Clee needs to make a decision. As a computer science student, he must choose between two educational tracks, theoretical and applied. But how to decide which one? Appalachian’s AppSource program provides Clee and other students an opportunity to work on the applied side, often referred to as “software engineering.” “The wonderful thing about the AppSource program is that it gives me direct insight into what a typical software engineering job could entail and allows me to test the waters, so to speak, to see if that is what I would like to pursue,” Clee said. “It is much like an internship in this way, except I am ‘managed’ by faculty that I already have relationships with and so it is far less stressful, and I can work with AppSource throughout my undergraduate career.” Through AppSource, computer science students work with local businesses to help satisfy their software needs. Students gain valuable hands-on, real-world experience while businesses benefit from having access to affordable, informed software development. The department-driven service promotes continued economic improvement in northwest North Carolina and provides technology solutions created locally by Appalachian students, who are managed by computer science faculty and staff. For example, AppSource has been working with the Town of Wilkesboro to design its website and establish a web presence. Ray’s Weather is another local business using AppSource students to assist with development. Clee sees AppSource as a great project for the local community and his future prospects. “I can attest that AppSource directly helps the community by providing solutions for a very reasonable price compared to what a real firm would charge,” he said. “As well, AppSource gives me vital experience that could help me get a job upon graduating.”

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

The Life Cycle The ups and downs of counting emissions.

A nine-minute bike ride down the mountain each morning may not be unusual for a retiree in Boone. Riding that bike each morning to your thirty to forty hour per week “retirement” job is a little different, at least according to Professor Gregg Marland’s wife, Bonnie. “My wife laughs at me. She thinks I should be playing golf or something,” Marland said. “But there is nothing I would rather do than interesting, challenging science. I work thirty to forty hours a week because it is fun.” Marland “retired” at age sixty-eight after twenty-three years at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and a preceding additional eleven years with the Institute for Energy Analysis, also in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. He joined the Institute in 1975, leaving a tenure-track faculty position at Indiana State University for the chance to work with one of the leading minds in physics, Alvin Weinberg. “You know how the bell curve works? There are a few people way out there, and I worked for one of them,” Marland explained. “He was a brilliant man. Working for him was one of the greatest experiences in my life.” Weinberg was a nuclear pioneer, involved with the Manhattan Project at Oak Ridge. When climate change first became part of the energy conversation, he felt it would lead to the accelerated development of nuclear power. In 1976, under his direction, the Institute put together one of the first comprehensive analyses of climate change issues and organized the first United States climate change conference. “The Institute hired me initially to look at energy resources: how much coal is there? How much oil? Uranium?” Marland said. “It quickly went off into environmental issues. If climate change is a problem, what are we going to do about it?”

The climate change issue is exciting right now, and there is so much going on. You don’t want to stop being part of it.

Gregg Marland Gregg Marland was a group member of the Intergovernmental Plan on Climate Change that was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007.

Calculating greenhouse gas emissions became Marland’s professional answer. With his colleagues at the Institute and at ORNL, he built a database of greenhouse gas emissions that goes back to 1750. It is now the calculation standard that countries use to track greenhouse gases over time. “We started that. All the initial calculations of greenhouse gases came out of our small room,” Marland revealed. “All the countries that calculate their own emissions now and report it are using the basic methods from work we did in the late 1970s. It has been great fun. We got a little niche. I think if you play your niche well, you really do have an impact.” And what an impact. Marland has testified in Congressional hearings, served on international committees, and is cited in many books and articles for his work on greenhouse gases, particularly CO2. A Google explosion occurs if you query Marland + greenhouse gases. Under the United States Global Change Research Program, created in 1989 to monitor, understand, and predict climate change, Marland studied the carbon cycle in order to develop a strategy for mitigating future atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

But at some point he knew he had to cut back on the work and slow down. “You don’t want to work eighty hours per week anymore, but you are not ready to retire,” he explained. “So you need a nice spot to continue your interests. The climate change issue is exciting right now, and there is so much going on. You don’t want to stop being part of it.” When his son Eric, a professor in Appalachian’s Department of Mathematical Sciences, made the suggestion to Marland to move to Boone, his daughter-in-law, who just happened to be an architect, added a sweetener: “Come to Boone and I will build you a house.” While on sabbatical in Austria as a guest scholar, Marland had fallen in love with the Tyrolean farmhouse. Imagine an Alpine country house with lots and lots of window boxes. “So we told her we wanted a house that was a Tyrolean Swiss/Austrian farmhouse, all on one floor, a bibliothek with a coffered wood ceiling, and lots of glass,” Marland described. They started construction in March of 2011, and as soon as the house was finished the Marlands arrived in Boone. “It is very cool. The best house in Boone,” he said.

As a researcher in the Research Institute for Environment, Energy, and Economics, an adjunct professor in the Department of Geology, and occasional guest lecturer, Marland is continuing his research while also getting to spend time with students, something he has been looking forward to since his days at Indiana State. One contract he is currently working on is with the Environmental Protection Agency as part of their Clean Air Act, which requires the counting of greenhouse gas emissions. Marland is helping to create models for how to do this when wood and other renewable, biological materials are used as fuels. A big issue is how to count certain emissions: “If you borrow a dollar from a bank and pay it back twenty years from now, you would have to pay back more than a dollar. How does that work for an environmental impact? How does that work for carbon?” Marland continued, “If you cut down a tree and burn it now, and grow that tree back twenty years from now, is that equivalent carbon? Is the value of the carbon flows twenty years from now the same as the value of the carbon flows now? If we plant a tree and

take sixty years to regrow the forest, how do we work time into that discussion? This is an issue of considerable interest internationally as well.” Marland is concerned that funding for climate science research is being cut or eliminated. A recent proposal he and two other members of the Appalachian faculty submitted was sent back. “We received a message that the solicitation had been canceled. There was no money. The whole program had been canceled,” Marland explained. “‘We didn’t review your proposal, here it is back, and good luck.’ I talked to the program manager and he was crushed.” In addition to researching, teaching, and supervising student research, this “retiree” is also quite a bike racer. He is ranked #8 nationally in his age class in USA Cycling cyclo-cross racing, which is a good thing because even though it only takes him nine minutes to get to his “retirement” job, it takes twelve minutes to ride back home. As Marland pointed out, “It takes me longer going home because it is uphill.”

College of Arts & Sciences – Points of Pride

• English department award-winning poet, professor, and advocate for literacy Joseph Bathanti is named North Carolina’s Poet Laureate. • College of Arts & Sciences faculty published in nearly 600 journals, books, and volumes of poetry, and made over 570 presentations while teaching over 5,000 courses in FY 2012. • Over 6,000 students major in more than 50 degree programs in the College of Arts & Sciences. • The college received 112 awards totaling $4.5 million in external funding during 2011-12 that supported research, instruction, and outreach projects. • The Appalachian Academy of Science in the College of Arts & Sciences works extensively with entering students interested in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) majors to ensure high retention and graduation rates. Services result in exceptional academic performance and higher graduation successes. • In a rare interview with the Jordanian ruler, King Abdullah II recently granted an interview with Professor Curtis Ryan (Government and Justice Studies). The palace has granted no interviews to western scholars in years. • Recent graduate in the Department of Physics and Astronomy (and incoming graduate student) Kevin Holway made a PERFECT SCORE on the Physics GRE! • History Matters is now in its tenth year of publication as an online undergraduate history journal. Run entirely by students, the journal receives submissions from universities in both the United States and elsewhere– as far afield as Australia! APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

Teaching Girls As individuals with their own strengths, needs, and desires.

“Elaine asks too many questions,” grade school teacher Sister Mary Martin De Porres wrote in a note sent home to her parents. Her mother believed this was a good thing and saved the note in a family scrapbook. Growing up Catholic in Chicago,Professor Elaine O’Quinn was perplexed by questions many children have but can’t quite articulate. “If God exists, why does He let people be poor and hungry? Why aren’t all people equal? Why is war okay?” O’Quinn remembers asking. Her inner-city parochial school focused on alleviating poverty, and as a teenager she worked in a hospital run by the Alexian Brothers, who were dedicated to the underserved, so her earliest years were shaped by adults who were devoted to equality, tolerance, and social justice.

Girls have long been pigeonholed by institutions, their communities, and society at large. They are often looked at as future caregivers with little consideration of their individual strengths, needs, and desires.

“When I look back and realize how far we remain from the simple, general tolerance of others that I learned so early,” she said, “I can’t even begin to gauge how far we are from the larger, critical concept of acceptance that all humans need. I have always believed it is this gap that will ultimately make or break us.”

Elaine O'Quinn Elaine O'Quinn received the Board of Governors Award for Teaching Excellence.

O’Quinn came to Appalachian from a career teaching English and theater in a rural Southwest Virginia high school and directing an inner-city Upward Bound program. What she saw and experienced there was poverty and a costly lack of social mobility. She credits her encounters there with opening her eyes to the neglect of girls in education and society in general. “What I realized is that girls have long been pigeonholed by institutions, their communities, and society at large,” she said. “They are often looked at as merely future caregivers, with little consideration of their individual strengths, needs, and desires.” This thinking fueled O’Quinn’s interest in the study of girls as girls rather than as miniature versions of grown women and prompted her to ask the ASU Women’s Studies faculty to offer a minor in Girls’ Studies, now beginning its fourth year. Women’s studies was coming into its own as an academic discipline in the 1970s, but to a growing group of researchers, waiting for girls to become women before beginning to study them doesn’t make sense. “Girls’ studies is a natural and viable area of scholarship that can stand on its own,” O’Quinn states. “Why wouldn’t it be? Girls inhabit spaces that only they can occupy.” O’Quinn’s interaction with girls in the high school classroom and Upward Bound taught her that large-scale issues like poverty and local issues, such as neighborhood culture, have a dramatic effect on girls’ self-perceptions. “For example,” she explained, “a girl’s sexuality is not hers alone to develop or decide; it is part of her school, neighborhood, and social culture. Her worth is pre-determined by her dress, resources, and physical appeal. It is exploited by a society that often merely views girls as consumers, with no regard as to what they consume. Next time you are in a mall, check out the image of girls we are selling. It is not always a healthy one.”

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

O’Quinn’s concern for the values presented to girls extends to studying the books they read. As a reader and collector of books written for girls, O’Quinn donated her vintage collection of more than 500 books last April to Belk Library and Information Commons’ Special Collections. Because of the new Girls’ Studies minor, making the books available for research seemed the right thing to do.

messages sent to girls decades ago are so similar to the ones they receive today. To address some of these issues, O’Quinn recently edited a collection of essays, Girls’ Literacy Experiences In and Out of School: Learning and Composing Gendered Identities, filling in a gap for girls in the making of their own literacy experiences.

O’Quinn said her first dream job was to be a medical doctor and help all the people she saw suffering at the hospital “I thought the literature of girls where she worked. “I realized, though, through the ages would be a really great that I couldn’t endure the dying every place for students in the Girls’ Studies minor to start doing research on a wealth day,” she shared. “I reevaluated. In the of issues,” O’Quinn said in a news story end, I decided that I also loved the language arts, and nobody dies in about her library donation. Asking her students to use the books has also meant English except in books.” Which probably going back and rereading some of her old explains why O’Quinn is a professor of English and English education, a faculty favorites. She now looks at them with a historical eye and in turn has discovered member in Women’s Studies, a researcher who champions the needs numerous recurring themes. The father and desires of girls, and a collector of as “god,” the “mean girl” stereotypes, their books. She is shining a light on a the superiority of the trim and athletic population that has been long ignored girls, and the fate of the dumpy outcast and exploited in an effort to make the are themes as common today as they world a better place for them. were two centuries ago. Her students are also amazed to discover that the

My Role Model To really see Dr. Elaine O’Quinn is to see her through her students’ eyes. They often describe her using words such as amazing, understanding, welcoming, positive, available, responsible, influential, spirited, and attentive. Maggie Dillon and Desiraé Dillon aren’t related, but their familial feelings toward their former professor are a reminder that sisterhood comes in many forms. Maggie plans on teaching school and Desiraé hopes to work for a non-profit in her local Charlotte community. Both students see Girls’ Studies as playing a big part in their future. “I ultimately would like to start and own a center where young girls can go for positive self-learning and learning about their history as girls,” Desiraé said. Maggie offered, “Dr. O’Quinn has a real way of helping me see through student eyes and really think about what I’ll be teaching and why.” O’Quinn’s class in Girls’ Studies brought together students from various towns and cities, economic backgrounds, and family structures. But in that room, personal discoveries bonded students and teacher. “I figured out things about my own girlhood and journey to womanhood,” Maggie said. “That class had the strongest sense of community I’d ever seen or been a part of in a school setting.” Desiraé added how each class taught her something new about herself: “I will always feel responsibility for how I myself can educate and influence others.” Looking back on their time with O’Quinn, Maggie and Desiraé Dillon agreed on one simple statement: “She will always be my role model.”

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

The One About the Lutheran at a Baptist Sunday School

The Renaissance man from the Midwest

Have you heard this one? A Lutheran professor, a Baptist Sunday school teacher, and a professor of Judaism walk into a café and say, “Table for one, please.” That would be for Professor Alan Hauser, the religious Renaissance man. At 9:30 every Sunday morning Hauser props himself up on the edge of a desk of the “study room” in the basement of the First Baptist Church in Boone and begins an open dialogue with the assembled group of fifteen or so more “mature” Sunday school pupils.

I see myself as someone who gives them more information to think for themselves on any issues.

Among the eager learners are the Watauga County sheriff, a former mayor of Boone, a banker, a lawyer, an administrative assistant, a surgeon, retired faculty, and other folks from across the community that find this way of starting a Sunday morning an important part of their faith and education. “This guy is making us care about the Old Testament,” said retired sociology professor Larry Keeter. “He has very few ideologies. He has taught me to study the whole Bible in context.”

Alan Hauser Alan Hauser served as the Faculty Advisor for Hillel, the student Jewish organization, at Appalachian.

Alan Hauser is in his forty-first year teaching in Appalachian’s Department of Philosophy and Religion. He teaches Old Testament Literature, New Testament Literature, and Biblical Hebrew, as well as Judaism and American Judaism. In 2004, this Sunday school class was in search of a new teacher. He “auditioned” and everything “clicked.” “This class has been good for me and forced me to rethink things in new directions,” Hauser said. “I look with a more open mind at the differences within Christianity. The disagreements are more petty than they need to be.” Hauser grew up in the literalist traditions of the Lutheran Church– Missouri Synod, but he questioned the church’s strong belief against women leading a ministry when his niece felt the calling to lead a congregation. She had to leave the Missouri Synod for the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America to pursue her calling. Hauser’s brother, a retired teacher from the church school system, was faced with a dilemma– stand with the strong beliefs of his church against women leading in the ministry, or support his daughter in her calling. He chose his daughter. “You don't have to shut down your brain to be religious,” Hauser said. “It is possible to be of careful thought and be Godly. This is a false dichotomy.” As so it is that this Chicago-raised boy of the Missouri Synod has become a Baptist Sunday school teacher and was the campus advisor to the Jewish student group Hillel. Of course he is also a well-known and respected biblical scholar.

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

Hauser and his co-editor, Duane Watson, have been working for more than a decade on the five-volume History of Biblical Interpretation. The first two volumes are already in print and the third is currently in preparation. This new volume addresses the early modern period of biblical interpretation. Hauser also edits a journal titled Currents in Biblical Research, which analyzes contemporary biblical interpretation. One article he recently published deals with the Reformed Christian Movement and its biblical interpretations. The article looks at three Reformed interpreters: Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin, and John Knox, Reformation-era figures who had major effects on their many contemporaries. The era is most commonly defined as the period between 1517, when Martin Luther published “The Ninety-Five Theses,” and the Treaty of Westphalia, which ended years of European religious wars in 1648. “Zwingli, Calvin and Knox had a profound impact on Reformed Christian Movements and, more broadly, Protestant biblical interpretation,” Hauser writes. “Through their reorienting and refocusing of biblical interpretation, Zwingli, Calvin and Knox helped lay the groundwork for the rise of modern biblical interpretation, and provided the interpretive soil in which would grow and flourish a number of major Protestant denominations. For this, we are indeed in their debt.”

This modern biblical interpretation is a lot of what Hauser’s Sunday school class does at 9:30 in the morning. Currently they are looking at the Book of Daniel and figuring out how to explain it in its context and the fact that it was not written by Daniel but 400 years after he died. “I see myself as someone who gives the class information so they can think for themselves on any issues,” Hauser explained. “We can spend weeks digressing. For example, the theme of justice: Is God just?” At one time this might have raised some eyebrows but not today. Hauser explains the current pastor is very supportive of their in-depth studies of the Bible.

“We have to be very careful of the commentary that we read,” Hauser instructed. “Calvin argued you can not leave behind the Old Testament in context. What does this passage mean in context?” In other words, trying to reinterpret the Old Testament in a way that foreshadows the New Testament is as “if your great, great, great, great, great, great, great, great [he went on with a few more greats] grandson was going to be a billionaire, would you care? This is simply trying to find Christ in the Old Testament,” Hauser said. “The Old Testament must be allowed to speak on its own terms.”

As a biblical scholar, teacher, and religious man, Hauser has strong concerns about many religious people’s After forty years of religious teaching, superficial understanding and reading of even a noted biblical scholar like Hauser the Bible. They are not seeing the context in which the Books were written. can learn and find new direction in his “I feel sorry for people who miss the thinking. richness,” he said. “It is to their detriment.” “I am coming to understand the strength and varieties of Christianity,” he said. “Perhaps I am older and wiser.” His class seems to share the statement. In one discussion on the Book of Daniel, a class member began reading from a more contemporary Bible publication he had brought with him that had a lot of commentary interpreting Daniel in light of happenings in the New Testament.

But Hauser reserves his strongest and most passionate opinion against those who use religion as a way to divide people rather than as a way to bring them together. “One thing that has always struck me is that religion divides people unnecessarily,” he argued. “We are children of God and from day one we should all be learning from God to love one another.”

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

From restaurateur and musician, to professor

Who Was I?

“It was a hard way to make a living,” said Professor Jim Fogelquist. In 1981 the future chair of the Department of Languages, Literatures & Cultures left a tenure-track position in Spanish at Mount Holyoke College to join his brother Mark, an ethnomusicologist trained at UCLA, in opening a Mexican restaurant and nightclub in Southern California called “El Mariachi.” A medievalist with a Ph.D. in Spanish from Yale University, Fogelquist opted to pursue his passion for Mexican folk music with a professional ensemble that grew out of the Mexican Study Group at UCLA, where he studied as an undergraduate. Six members of the group decided to put their love of Mexican folk music into a permanent location on Tustin Avenue, a six-lane thoroughfare in the city of Orange, California, three miles from Anaheim Stadium.

My instinct told me this is not something I wanted to do when I was sixty years old.

“We wanted to reproduce the atmosphere and spontaneity of a village family party like those we see in the heartland of Mexico, where mariachi music comes from,” Fogelquist explained. “Because the group had come out of the Institute of Ethnomusicology at UCLA, we wanted to maintain tasteful connections to the folkloric roots of the mariachi music that emerged in the 1930s and had become a national style.” Their 250-seat restaurant served tens of thousands of patrons during the years the brothers were involved (1981-1993) and remained an anchor for the surrounding community until finally closing its doors in 2011. It was the music that set the restaurant apart. At the height of its popularity, the restaurant sustained twenty full-time musicians: the twelve-member Mariachi Uclatlán and an eight-piece tropical orchestra. “I played violin and sang in the mariachi,” Fogelquist said. “The standard deluxe version of the mariachi, like the Mariachi Uclatlán when at its peak, has two trumpets; six violins; a bass guitar known as the guitarrón, one of the signatures of the ensemble; a small round-backed, high-pitched guitar called vihuela, used as a rhythm instrument; as well as a classical guitar and a regional harp.” Jim Fogelquist

As the ensemble and the restaurant grew in reputation, so did the musicians’ schedule. They played five to six days a week at the restaurant and 200-300 outside private engagements, everything from baptism celebrations to the Hollywood Bowl. “This was a wonderful way to have a view into the diversity of Hispanic culture in Southern California,” he said. “We worked collaboratively with major groups from California and Mexico in festivals and fairs, recorded extensively, and played at countless weddings, funerals, baptisms, masses, and civic functions. It was more than a full-time occupation.” There was no downtime from running the restaurant or the musical ensemble. Holidays and weekends were workdays. If a garbage disposal broke down at the busy restaurant, it had to be fixed, regardless of the hour or the day of the week. A twelve-hour workday seven days a week was the norm, week in, week out. Scheduling employees, ordering food, and keeping the books, not to mention the cost and responsibility for twenty full-time musicians, created enormous stress. “We never made a profit in the restaurant, but we did maintain two outstanding music groups,” Fogelquist said. “It took a tremendous effort to support twenty musicians full time on top of the restaurant operation.” He and his brother came to the conclusion it was time to get out. They left their interest in the restaurant and both returned to academic life. “My instinct told me this is not something I wanted to do when I was sixty years old,” he said.

APPALACHIAN STATE UNIVERSITY | COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

Giving to Appalachian Every day we make choices– some large, some small. We are fortunate to live in a country, a region, a state, a community where choice about what we do, who we associate with, and the organizations we support are those of our own choosing. As alumni and friends of Appalachian and the College of Arts & Sciences, you are receiving this inaugural issue of the CAS newsletter because you have chosen to support our students and faculty with your gifts. We are very appreciative of this support. We encourage you to continue helping our students and faculty with your financial donations. Many students and their families continue to struggle with the cost of higher education, and contributions to support scholarship remain our number one priority for fundraising. An envelope is included in the magazine for your convenience or you may go to www.givenow.appstate.edu.cas to make an immediate electronic donation. Please consider also how your current giving can be made perpetual... a never-ending gift to support our mission. Perhaps the easiest way to make a legacy gift to Appalachian is to leave a portion of your IRA to the University. By signing a beneficiary designation form that is available from your retirement plan administrator, you can gift a specific dollar amount or a percentage of remaining IRA assets to Appalachian for a purpose that you have specified. I will be very happy to explain how this works, and to create the document at the College of Arts & Sciences needed to ensure that your future gift will be used specifically according to your wishes. It’s an easy choice, and I hope you will find it to be an appealing one.

David C. Taylor Executive Director of Development College of Arts & Sciences

Mission Statement The College of Arts & Sciences connects Appalachian State University to the tradition of the liberal arts. Faculty and staff in fifteen academic departments and three programs or centers span the humanities and mathematical, natural, and social sciences, providing instruction and research essential to the University’s mission. The breadth and depth of learning delivered by the College are necessary for productive citizenship in a free society. The College of Arts & Sciences serves all undergraduate students through general education courses; it also offers disciplinary and interdisciplinary programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels, combining liberal arts and professional education with a special commitment to teacher education. Through innovative instruction, creative and collaborative scholarship, and engagement in professional activities, the faculty and staff foster the development of knowledge and skills essential to continued learning, success in careers, and the attainment of advanced degrees. The College encourages study in diverse local, regional, national, and international communities, and seeks to cultivate the habits of inquiry, learning, and service among all of its constituents.

The College of Arts and Sciences is thankful of the more than 400 donors who supported its students, faculty and programs in fiscal year 2012. Listed below are our donors for the July 1, 2011-June 30, 2012 fiscal year giving or pledging $500 or more in support of the College of Arts and Sciences. Mr. & Mrs. Harold Aibel, Coral Gables, FL Mr. & Mrs. Stanley P. Greenspon, Sunset Beach, NC North Carolina Council on the Holocaust, Raleigh, NC ASU Local Government Alumni Association, Boone, NC Ms. Sue J. Harmon, Charleston, SC Mr. Travis L. Oates, Lake Lure, NC Mr. William O. Autry, South Bend, IN Mr. & Mrs. Daniel W. Harris, Salisbury, MD Mr. & Mrs. Charles B. Parker, Wilkesboro, NC Avery Arts Council Inc., Banner Elk, NC Ms. Sonny Harris, Boone, NC Dr. & Mrs. Peter W. Petschauer, Boone, NC Mrs. Jane McIntyre Barghothi, Columbia, SC Havurah of the High Country, Banner Elk, NC Mr. & Mrs. Fred Rawicz, Miami, FL Batchelor Chiropractic Clinic, Boone, NC Mrs. Del Hunt Helton, Chapel Hill, NC RayLen Vineyards, Mocksville, NC Benefit Planning Group, Durham, NC Ms. Deborah A. Henderson, Raleigh, NC Roy J. Maness Scholarship Fund, Boone, NC Dr. & Mrs. Shawn Bergman, Boone, NC Mr. Kevin G. Herndon, Lincolnton, NC Dr. & Mrs. Richard H. Rupp, Boone, NC Dr. & Mrs. Rennie W. Brantz, Boone, NC Mr. & Mrs. Stephen D. Heron III, Kingswood, TX Mr. & Mrs. Neil Schaffel, Austin, TX C.D. Spangler Foundation Inc., Charlotte, NC Mr. & Mrs. Alan G. Herosian, Cary, NC Mr. & Mrs. Ira Segal, Beech Mountain, NC Cabarrus Eye Center, P.A., Cabarrus, NC Mr. David R. Hughes, Washington, DC Shaw's Lawn Service, Glade Valley, NC Dr. & Mrs. Anthony G. Calamai, Blowing Rock, NC Mrs. Scotty Herron Jackson, Charlotte, NC Mr. & Mrs. Gary E. Shore, Lenoir, NC Mr. & Mrs. Sterling Carroll, Boone, NC John Templeton Foundation, West Conshohocken, PA Mr. & Mrs. Gary Silverstein, Boone, NC Chamber Mountain Construction Inc., Clyde, NC Mr. & Mrs. Stephen W. Kennerly, Ellicott City, MD Mr. & Mrs. Ronald B. Smock, Charlotte, NC Ms. Brenda Coulter, Spring Valley, NY Mr. & Mrs. John F. Kimball, Franklin, TN Ms. Jessica L. Snyder, Boone, NC Mr. George W. Cowles, Mint Hill, NC Mr. Todd A. Koetje, Bellingham, WA Stevens Family Foundation, Inc., Lenoir, NC Ms. Glenna G. Day, West Jefferson, NC Ms. Vivian D. Lager, Beech Mountain, NC Mr. & Mrs. Thomas Stevens, Durham, NC Mr. Glen G. DeBroder, Boone, NC Mr. & Mrs. Edward H. Lane, Parts, KY Strickland Family Foundation, Winston-Salem, NC Mrs. Byrdie R. Denison, Delray Beach, FL Mr. & Mrs. Murray D. Leipzig, Boca Raton, FL Dr. C. David Sutton, Boone, NC Mr. Harold P. Erickson, Durham, NC Dr. & Mrs. Neal G. Lineback, Boone, NC SY Katz Produce Inc., Boone, NC Mr. & Mrs. Stanley Etkin, Boca Raton, FL Mr. & Mrs. Richard G. Little, Charlotte, NC Mr. & Mrs. Stephen D. Tatum, Banner Elk, NC Mrs. Judy Dash Feinberg, Boone, NC Mr. & Mrs. John L. Mackay, Charlotte, NC Temple of the High Country, Boone, NC Foundation for the Carolinas, Charlotte, NC Martin and Doris Rosen Foundation, Miami Beach, FL The Neubauer Family Foundation, Philadelphia, PA Mr. & Mrs. William Frank, Greensboro, NC Dr. & Mrs. Thomas M. McLaughlin, Boone, NC The Policy Group / Mr. & Mrs. Stephen Metcalf, Weaverville, NC Mr. & Mrs. Lou Galletto, Charlotte, NC McMichael Family Foundation, Madison, NC Mr. Steve Vacendak, Raleigh, NC Ms. Susanne Lasky Gerard, North Miami, FL Meadows Mills, Inc./ Mr. & Mrs. Robert Hege, North Wilkesboro, NC Dr. Johnny A. Waters, Lenoir, NC Dr. & Mrs. Ted W. Goodman, West Jefferson, NC Dr. & Mrs. George B. Miles, Boone, NC Ms. Janet T. Zahorian, Banner Elk, NC Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA Mr. & Mrs. Keith W. Miller, Herndon, VA Mr. Richard A. Zakour, Durwood, MD Mrs. Molle Grad, Miami, FL Mission Home Baptist Church, Fleetwood, NC Mr. J. Marley Gray, Belmont, NC Network for Good, Bethesda, MD

A P PA L AC H I A N S TAT E U N I V E R S I T Y

Departments, Programs, and Centers HUMANITIES English History Languages, Literatures, & Cultures Philosophy & Religion SOCIAL SCIENCES Anthropology Geography & Planning Government & Justice Studies Psychology Sociology NATURAL SCIENCES Biology Chemistry Computer Science Geology Mathematical Sciences Physics & Astronomy PROGRAMS/CENTERS Environmental Science Fermentation Sciences Center for Judaic, Holocaust, & Peace Studies

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