SUBIACO,MONDAY,JULY6,1874.
;No.1.
CA'SARISM.2VDULTRAMONTAWISM.
Araesa-beiringthistitlewas.lately readbefaie-the" Ofthe Catholic,'Religion"bytheArchbishop ofWminster.
TArehbisholsaid,-Myobjectin th'paperistoenquirewhetherthere anyspecialcharacterintheconflict whichtheChurchhastoencounterat thisday;and,ifso,ofwhatkinditis.. InonesensetheconflictoftheChurch andtheworldisalwaysthesame. Theenmityoftheworldisone,andthe truthisone;nevertheless,theformsof thatenmityareendlessandalways changing.,Inonepointindeedthe warfareoftheworldagainsttheChurch isalwaysthesame.Italwaysusesthe sameweapons,butthemotivesand aimsofthosethatusethemvary.The weaponshavebeen,arc,andalways willbethecivilpower.Forthefirst threecenturiestheJewsandthe hereticalsectsexcitedthesuspicions, fears,andhatredoftheRomanEmpire againsttheChurch.IntheMiddle Agestheambitionordespotismof ChristianPrinceswieldedthecivil poweragainsttheChurch.Now,for thelast300years,andespeciallyin thiscentury,itisaworlddeparting fromChristianitywhichusesthecivil powerfOrtheoppres,ionoftheChurch. Ittoneword, antagonistofthe eGupremsevofthevivaoverthe s,iritual.InformerpaperItraced thisbutinthei-,oryofChristianity inEitglaml,asshowed,fiat,with diatcareQui:,:ixotiforefathersrevognized:1)1,1gnarahteed,l.ytheoathsof kim.gsandINactsofPutliament,the spirituallibertiesoftheChurch; next,duringthewholeNorman:Ind Englishperiodofourmonarchy,our Parliamentsalwaysrecognizedamid guaranteedtimelih,..rtiesortheChurch intheverytextofthestatutelaw, evenintimeswheneustothecorruptionofRoyalcourts,ornationaljealousy habituallyviolateditsfreedom;and, lastly,thatfromthedatewhenthe legalChurchofEnglandwasestablished,thewordliberties,whichtill thenhadalwaysbeenincorporatedin ActsofParliament,vanishedfromthe Statute-book.Wliatthushappenedin Englandhashappenedalsothroughout thehistoryofEurope.Ccesarisinisto befoundinallagesandcountries,but theCtesarismofthe19thcenturyhas characterofitsown.
ItbynecessityexcludesGod, sovereignty,andhislaws.Thesole fountainoflawisthehumanwill, individnalorcollective.Cessur4Orek thelawinhimself,andcreatesright andwrong,thejustandtheunjust,the sacredandtheprofane.Ithasno Statute-bookbuthumannature,and Caesaristhesoleandsupremeinterpreterandexpositorofthatnaturallaw. Thereforelaw,morals,politics,and religionalks,eomefromhim,andall dependu him.TheSovereign PrinceorStatelegislates,judges, executes'byitsownwillandhand. Thissovereignpowercreateseverything;itfashionsthepoliticalconstitutionitdelegatesjurisdiction,revocable atitsword;itsuspendsormeasures outpersonallibertyitcontrolsdomesticlife;itclaimsthechildrenasits own;iteducatesthematitswill,and aftermodelsandtheories-ofitsown. Now,thisexclusionofGodisthe deificationofman.Itputsmaninthe placeofGodasthesupremelegislator, thefountainofauthority,liberty,law andright.Itgivestohimthecontrol ofmen'sactionsandmen'sminds.
ThefirstmanifestationofCresarism inhistory,forIamnotdealingwith pre-historiclegendsorwithOriental tyrannies,maybeseenintheImperial despotismofRomeafterthesuppression oftheRepublic,andintheRoman Emperorswhohavestampeditwith theirname.Inessenceitistheabsolute dominionofmanoverman:thepower of'lifeanddeath,includingsupreme poweroverlibertyandgoods,and extendingtothewholelifeofman, politicalandreligious,socialanddomestic.Itmaybesummedupina fewwords-"DivasCaesar,Imperator "tft_SummetsPontefex."Thereisnothing inilie-yekt.liesorprivatelifeofmen-that escapes'Piss thesweepingjurisdiction ofthisunivsalsovereignty.The sovereigntyofCtesarismisabsoldte anddependent 1 noconditions;itis alsoexclusive,causeitdoesnot tolerateanyjusdictionaboveand withinitsown. doesnotrecognize anylawsexceptfitsownmaking. Now,this.suprem;powerneednotbe heldinthehandsooneman.Itmay beaPeopleoraSete,oraKingor anEmperor.Itsesenceistheclaim toabsoluteandexrusivesovereignty.
"Qubdprincipiplacnitleishabet vigorem,"and"Cujusregioejusest religio,"aretheaxiomsofQesarism. ThisistheLexRegia,andwherethisis humanlibertynolongerexists.When IsaythatGodwasexcludedfromthe StateofItaperialRome,Imeanthe vre.4or. allthings,forRomewasfullofGods. ButtheSupremePontificateofallthe religionscongregatedinRomewas vestedinCesar.Hewas"Stimulus Pontifex."liewasinvestedwitha divinity.Hewasaddressed".X.ternitas Tint,"andDiocletiancouldsay,"Diodetianusmaxireusa'ternitsImperator. addivinesmiresnostrilstilniaqutt'llam pervenit."TheauthoroftheIli:turie Universelledel'Eglise,inthesenwools describestheCa,-,arisinofCaligula:"ThePaganideaofthePaganCaesar wasperfectlyrealizedinhisperson. HedeclaredhimselftobeaGod;be consecratedtohimselfatemple,with priestsandsacrifices.Hissister Drusilla,withwhomhehadbeen guiltyofincest,beingdead,liemade heraGoddess,andpubliclysworeby herdivinity.Hegavetohisagentsin Romeauthorityoverallthegoodsofall men;andlietoldoneofhiskindredto rememberthat'everythingwaslawful tohiminrespecttoallmen'-ontiaet inomnessibilicere."Itisnottobe forgottenthatCaligulamadehishorse aConsul.ThiswastheLexRegia whichmaybethussummedup: Cesarinheritedalltherightsofthe Senate.andofthepeople.Inpolitical mattershewasthechiefofthearmy andofthenavyhehadthepowerof peaceandwar.Inadministrationhe *asperpetualConsul,Proconsul,Senator,PresidentoftheSenate,and Tribuneofthepeople.Inthecivil order,hewasCensorandPretty;his edicts,letters,rescripts,decisions,had forceoflaw.Inreligionhe'waspriest, augur,SovereignPontiff,headof'all priesthoodsandofallreligions.He wasjudgeofallquestionsofreligious rites,ceremonies,andworships,and interpreterofallmysteries.Infact, thesovereigntyofthepeopleinallits functionswastransferredtoCaesar. TerrassondescribestheLexRegiain theseterms:-"Allpower-religious, political,legislative,andcivil-ina wordomnipotence,inallthingsand overallthings-thepeopleandthe SenafetransferredtoCaesarwhenthe RepublicpassedintotheEmpire.And thistookplaceinvirtueoftheLex Regia,ofwhichUlpianspeaksinthese words:-Quodprincipiplacnislegia
tabditvigorem,utpotecumLegeRegia, cps)deimperioOnlateest,populueei ptineumomnesnumimperiumet Pgieltialeltconcord."Thisfmpetial power:armstherefore,absolute,exclusive, unlimited,andomnipotent. Wewillnowproceedtotracethe courseofCasaarismintheChristian world.ThegreatestofDivineactsis theIncarnationofGod.Christianity haschangedthestateofmankindin everyrelationtoGodandtomenin thisworldandintheworldtocome. ThetheologicalaspectoftheIncarnationliesbeyondtheboundsofour subject;butthepoliticalconsequences oftheIncarnationconstitutetheessence ofthemoral,social,domestic,andcivil lifeofmanandofnations.King Herodhadatrueinstinctinseeking thelifeoftheKingwhowasbornat Bethlehem.TheCesareofthisworld havefollowedhisexample.Therecan benoCtesarismwhereChristreigns. Christianity,inconsecratingthecivil authorityoftheworld,haslaidonit thelimitsoftheDivinelaw.Within itsownsphereChristianityhasconfirmeditspowerasadelegationfrom GodHimself,butbythesameact Christianityhatlimitedthesphereof itsjurisdiction.Ithaswithdrawnfrom itscognizanceandcontrolthewhole innerlifeofman.Itcannotcommand hisintellect,itcannotcontrolhisconscience,itcannotcoercehiswill. actiottsofman,indeed,tocivilgovernment,butithaswithdrawnfromcivil rulersthewholedomainofreligion. TheStatemayimprisonthebody,and eventakeitslife,butithasnojurisdictionoverthesoul.Allitsactsare free.Theyhavenolaw-giveror sovereignbutGodalone.Bythe comingofChristintotheworldthe kingdoinofGodwassetupamongthe kingdomsofmen.Caesarwasnolonger "Divus"nor"I'ontifexMaximus," norabsolutenorexclusivelordofmen. Nomananylongerhadunlimited sovereigntyoverman,andnoman couldbyrightholdpropertyinman. TheSonofGodhadbroughtdeliverance tothecaptives,andtheopeningofthe prisontothepithatworebound.He hadredeemedmenintothelibertyof thesonsofGod,andhesecuredthat libertyforeverbyasovereignact.He dividedthetwopowers,spiritualand civil,andgavethemintodifferent hands,sothattheycouldneverbeagain unitedinoneperson,exceptHimself andHisVicar,uponearth.BYthis divinefacttheLexRegiawasabolished forever,andthecujusregioejusreligio becameaheresyaswellasatyranny. ThepresenceoftheCatholicCimrch amongthecivilPowersofthew3r1d hadchangedthewholepoliticalorderof %Unkind.Ithadestablishedupon /earthalegislature,atribunal,andan executiveindependentofallhuman authority.Ithaswithdrawnfromthe reachofhumanlawsthewholedomain offaithandofconscience.These dependonGodalone,andaresubjected byHimtoHisownautism:4y,vestedin. HisChurch,whichisgdi6dbyHimself.
Iwilldrawoutsomewhatmore exactlyandtechnicallywhatisthe separationandpartitionofthetwo powers,spiritualandcivil,inorderto showthatitisfromtheChristian Churchthat'theworldhaslearntthe stablelibertiesofthecivilorderand themeasuredequityofawritten'law.
St.Gelasiusinhislettertothe EmperorAnastasius,drawsoutthe wholedoctrineinafewwords."There are,"hesays,"augustEmperor,two thingsbywhichthisworldisgoverned -thesacredauthorityofthePontiff andthepowerofCaesar'.Theauthority ofBishopsisallthemoretobevenerated, astheymustrenderaccounttoGodin thelastjudgmentevenofthesalvation ofkings.Youarenotignorantthat, thoughyourdignityliftsyouabove othermenyouarebotindhumblyto bowtheheadtoPontiffs,whoare chargedwiththedispensationofDivine things,andthatyouowetothemsubmissioninallthatbelongstotheorder ofreligionandtotheadministrationof theholymysteries Inall thingswhichareofthepublicorder thesesameBishopsobeyyourlaws, andinyourturnyououghttoobey theminallthingswhichconcernthe sacredthingsofwhichtheyarethe dispensers."AndwhataPontiff saidtoanEmperoranEmperorsaidto Bishops.ConstantineatNiceasaid, "Godhaselectedyoutobepriestsand _sstlers people,andhasgivenyouadivine authorityasbeingelevatedfarabove therestofmen."
St.Bernardexpressesthegameiua passageofprofoundinsightandbeauty. WritingtoConrad,KingoftheRams, hesays:-"Letnotmysoulentail'into thecounselofthemwhosaythatthe peaceandlibertyoftheChurchis hurtfultotheEmpire,ortheprosperity andexaltationoftheEmpireishurtful totheChurch.For,God,whoisthe founderofeach,hasunitedthem,not fordestruction,butforedification.If youknowthis,howlongwillyou conniveattheinsultandinjuryofboth IsnotRome,aswellastheAfieefolits See,astheHeadoftheEmpire)To saynothingoftheChurch,isitan honourtotheKingtoholdinhishands anEmpirewhichisaheadlesstrunk? Whereforegirdtheewiththy sworduponthythigh,0mostmighty, andlet-Ctesarrestoretohimselfthe thingswhichareCwsar's,andtoGod thethingswhichareGod's.Itisclesr thatbotharetheinterestsofCaesar, thatis,todefendhisowncrow.nandto protecttheChurch."
St.ThomasAquinasdefinesthis doctrinemorepreciselyasfellows
Thisisthesolutionoftheproblem, whichtheworldcannotsolve.Obedience totheChurchisVierty;'anditis libertybecausetheChurchcannoterr ormisleadeithermenornations.'If theChurchwerenotinfallable,obedience toitmightbetheworstofbondage. Thisisultramontanism,ortheliberty ofthesouldivinelyguaranteedbyan infallibleChurch;thepropercheck andrestraintofCaesarian],asCeesarism istheproperantagonistofthesove reigntyofGod.Buttothiswewill returnhereafter.
TheendoftheCommonweaftliisthe sameat;thatofindividuals.Ifouask aChristianWhyhas!,.creayou andplacedyouintheworld?'he answers'Podhascreatedmeandplaced meinthisworldtoknow,tolove,andto serveHim,andbythesemeanstoobtain eternallifewhichismy(final)end.If theCommonwealthbeaskedthi.saine, everyChristianSocietyoughttowake the:sameanswer; noother,-can stand."FromthisSt.Thomas provesthatthoughtheKing.orPrince hasonlycivilpowerheisboundtouse itfortheeternalgoodof,the Conmonwealth.,Ieadds,5Ifman couldobtainbyhis-nature/powerthis lastend,itwouldbethedutyofthe Kingto. himin,44."fr Butas man -,by, yhumandirtues attainidend4Widehisthepossession ofchItt thatitisix)human dlrectodiutaDivine,direction,that must.0cinancthimtoit.TheKingto whomthdagtpremedirectionbelongsis notman'MaebutGodalao-our.Lori
THEWESTAINTRALIA$CAT
J.Wet.''Inorderthatspiritual tab.1*iff etfrom M earthly Slab"the skingdomis committednotto' Kingebutto priests,andespeehdlytothechiefof thesuccessorofPekif,the priests -OfOlitist,theRomanPontiff, 41146 towhomallKingsofChristendom oughttobesubject,asourLordJesus ChristHimself.Forasmuchasthe _Missoofheavenistheendofthelife Aldrichwenowlive,itbelongstothe woeofaKingforthatreasonto promoteagoodlifeinhispeople,witha viewtoattaintheblissofheaveninenjoiningthosethingswhichtail-totheattainmemtofheavenly anforbidding,asfaraspossible, Mntrarytothem.Butwhat ngsconducetotheblissofheaven, andwhatthingsareahindrancetoits attainment,aretobeknownoutofthe Divinelaw,theteachingofwhich belongstotheofficeofpriests." (Tobecontinued.)
CATHOLICDIRECTORY.
JULY.
1.-WmuntSnee.OctaveofSt.JohnBaptist.
2.-Tau1swur.VisitationofB.V.Mary.
5.--Eannut.VIafterPattecoet-gp.,Rom.vi.3-11; Gasp,Markvia1-9.TheMostPreciousBlood ofourLord.
6.-Moicoat.OctavedayofSS.PeterandPaul.
9.-TUORSDAY,ProdigiesofB.V.Mary.
12.-BUNDAT.VIIafterPentecost.Ep.,Rom,vi. 19-23;Gimp.,Matt.vit.15-21.St.John Cualbert.
14.-T0t0mar.St.Bonaventure,B.ConfandDuet.
16.-TeUSSDAT.OurLadyofMountCarmel.
19.-Sunney.VIIIafterPentecost.Ep.,Rom.viii. 12-17;Gosp.,Lukexvi.1-9.StSymmactius, P.Coat
22.-Wennunsr.St.MaryMegdalen,Penitent. AnniversaryoftheTranslationoftheBishop fromtheSeearo&totheSeeofl'erth.
24.-PR1DAY.StVincentofPaul.
25.-Svultell.St.James,Ap.DayofDevotion.
26-Stisv.IXafterPentecost.Ep1Ocr.it. Giosp.Lukexi:.41-11,.St.Anne, MotherofB.V.Mary.
30.-Tesasuar.St.Martha,Virgin.
31.-Patpv.St.IgnatiusofLoyola.
NOTICE.
Itisintendedtopublishthe"WEST AUSTRALIANCATHOLICRECORD" onthe6thofeachmonth,andasit willhavealargecirculationitwill proveanexcelltntmediumforadc6-tising.
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AllCorrespondenceforpublicationinthe "RECORD"mustbeaddressedtothe VeryRev.M.Gibney,Episcopal ResidencePerth. Perth,July2nd,1874.
TOOURREADERS.
PersonsdesirousofbecomingSubscriberstothe"CATHOLIC RECORD"candosoonapplicationtotheVeryRev.M.Gibney, Perth.PersonsintheCountry DistrictscanbecomeSubscribers bygivingtheirnamesandpaying theamountofSubscriptionto theResidentClergymanof'the -in-whichtheyreside. Perth,July2nd,1874.
THEWEST
gustralianOa1hoticgecol:d. "Beindefatigableinyourpurpose,andwith undauntedspiritresistiniquityandtryto conquerevilwithgood,havingbeforeyoureyes therewardpreparedforthosewhocombatfor thenameofChrist."-PiusIX.
MONDAY,JULY6,1874.
AFEWwordswithourreaders.The WestAustralianCatholioRecordis,as itsnameindicates,intendedforthe scatteredCatholicsofWestAustralia. Itsobjectistosupply,themwith informationonsubjectsaffectingtheir religionandofcurrentinterest. Withthreewelleditedpoliticaland commercialpaperspublishedinthe colony,therecaubenodearthofsecular newstothosewhoaredesirousof
OLIC',RECORD-JULY6,1874.
obtainingsuch.Informationos mattersofIntelsattothevariousclasses oftheoommenityiseasilyproem-able ineverydistrictofthecolony.The discussionsofourLegislators,theresolutionsofourMunicipalCouncilsand RoadBoards,andthedoingsof-our SchoolManagersarechronicledintheir mostminuteparticulars.Thechanges inthelocalmarkets,theprospectsof theagriculturalclassesaremattersof universalnotoriety.Grievancesare ventilated,abusesexposed,public actionscriticised,improvementssuggested,andtotheacquaintanceafforded uswithpublicconcernswehaveadded thejudgment,concerningthem,ofthose Whomtheymostaffect..andwhomay besupposedtobebestabletoforma correctestimateofthem.Fulland earlyintelligenceisdiffused,too,concerningtheoccurrencesthatoccupy thepublicmindintheoldcountries. Theleadingeventsinthehistoryof BritishandContinentallegislation,commerce,anddomesticlife,arerecorded withaccuracyandwithsomuch'detail asthetastesofourreadingpopulation require.Andthefactswhichdeeply interesttheBritishandContinental writersandspeakersarediscussed herewithazestthatisusuallyfelt onlyinmattersthatoccurcloseat hand.
ThesupplyofCatholicnewsisbyno meanswhatitshouldhe.Ourpapers accordafairamountofattentionto localtransactionsinconnectionwith ourchurch,and,asarule,aremoderate intheircommentsuponusandupon ourmovements.But,consideringthat theircharacterispoliticalandcommercial,andthattheircolumnsmustbe principallydevotedtotheadvocacyof thoseintereststheyrepresent,itmust beseenthattheamountofspaceallotted uscanbebutsmall-assmalliudeedit is.Andtherewillnotbemuchdifficultyinsurmisingthathowevereager thedesiretobeimpartialandtodous fulljustice,theiropinbitsonmany pointsconcerningusmustheone-sided andTginair. 'flj jfl,Tflift:of religionsconvictionsopposedtoours theminorityofthereadersstandinthe samerelationtowardsusandthe mattersantlerdiscussionare,oftentimes, theveryquestionswhichdivideus.It isproverbiallydestructiveofevenhandedjusticethatoneandthesame partyshouldhelitigantandjudge. Somemeanshirthediffusionof Catholicintelligencehaslongbeena desideratt9. 7'he1VestAustralian CatholicRecordwillendeavour,ina limitedway,tosupplythewant.It willbeitswork,inthefirstinstance, togleanfromtheinformationafforded byEuropeanCatholicpaperssuchfacts asareofleadinginteresttoourbrethren intheoldcountries.Thephasesin thelifeoftheChurch,theprogressit makes,theconflictsitsustains,the lossesitsuffers,thestateofitsaugust Head,andofthosewhosharewithhim theburdenofitsgovernment,are mattersofdeepconcerntoCatholicsof countrieseventhemostremote.Informationonthesetopicswillbefurnished toWestAustralianCatholicsthrough thecolumnsoftheRecord.Local Churchmatterswill,inthesecond place,Te"civeashareofitsattention. Oar.Churches,ourSchools,ourOrphanages,areourownworks;andbeing such,theirwell-beinginagreat measureaffectsus.Therearebutfew whoarenotdesirousofbeingmade acquaintedwiththesuccesswhich attendstheirmanagementandworking. InthepagesoftheRecord,Catholic readerswillfindthegratificationof theirwishes.Indiffusinginformation, however,withregardtolocalinstitutions,theRecordwillnotmerelyaim atservingtothelaudablecuriosityof itsreaders.Itwill,itishoped,be productiveofbeneficialresultstothe institutionsthemselves.Theiirgency oftheirclaims,theamountofgood whichtheyaredoing,thestillgreater amountwhichtheyleaveundonebut whichtheymightdoifthehandof charitywerestretchedoatmorefreely andmorefrequentlytothem,will scarcelyfail,whenpointedoutbythe Record,tostimulatethosewhohaveto sparetofurtheractsofliberality. Lastly,ourserialwilloccupyitselfwith
aiNianknofgawk,*ofgenkal iatartectoallCatholicsandofmattets ofstandingimportance:anditwill devoteareasonableshareofitsspaceto subjectsoflessconsiderationinthemselves,butwhichbeingbroughtprominentlyforwardbytheaccidental circumstancesoftimeandplacemay calltbrspecialnotice.
t REDUCTIONOFGOVERNMENT AID.TOTHEORPHANAGES.
ITiswithfeelingsofpainandsincere regretthatweannouncethatour Governmenthavecometotheconclusionofreducing,onandafterthelat ofAugustnext,theamounthitherto paidbythemtowardsthemaintenance ofourchildrenintheOrphanages,from EIGHT-PENCEto[in-PENCEperdiem!! EIGHT-PENCEperdiem,itneedhardly besaid,onlygoesacomparativelysmall waytowardshousing,feeding,clothing, educating,/indsuperintendingourpoor OrphanMarin,andwereitnotfor thekindness,liberality,andcharityof thepublicgenerally,notnearlysomuch goodcouldhavebeeneffected-ashas undoubtedlybeenaccomplihed-for thesepoorwaifsandstraysofsociety.
Whenwesolicitedandobtained,from thelateGovernorHAMPTON,permission totakeourOrphanchildrenfromthe placemiscalledaHOME,suchwasour desiretoamelioratetheirwretched condition,thatwegladlyacceptedhardasthetermswere-tomaintain ourOrphanchildrenonreceivingthe samesumthatitwasestimatedthey costtheGovernment.Thatsumwas fixedattheverylowfigureofEIGHTPENCEperdayandsouponcondition ofreceivingEIGHT-PENCEperday,we tookoverfromtheGovernmentour Orphanchildren,andimposedupon ourselvestheheavyresponsibilityof providingfortheirpropercare,training, andmaintenance,aswellasother burdens,incidenttosuchachatige.
Itistrue,indeed,wegotallwe askedfrontthethenGovernor;-but 'WeiliftiTittirthekind'supportOfa mostgenerouspeldic,theOrphanages eeithlnothaveteencontinuedner withoutit,couldthepoorchildren receivethesamecareandattention whichisnowbestoweduponthemby thehandsofthosewhoareplacedover themitttheseveralOrphanages.
WhenGovernorIIAm['Tuxgaveus overourOrphanchildrenandallowed thesumofEtolyr-rENcEperdiem towardstheirmaintenance,Fool)was CHEAPER,ci.irriiiNowascitEAPEn,and -withoutgoingintominutrq-itcanbe truth'ullyasserted,thattheOrphans couldbemaintainedatamuchlesscost thantheycannowintheyearofgrace 1874.
Theyear1874-toberendered memorableastheyearinwhichour bud-heartedrulersreducedtheper Orphanchildrentothemiserablepit4inceofSIX-PENCEperdiem-isthe yeartooinwhichWesternAustralia hasasurplusRevenuefarine.ecessof thatofanypreviousperiodinher history!!!
Forourpart,wehavenohesitation incharacterisingtheintendedactionof theGovernmentinthismatter,as highlyreprehensibleandunjust;and, wedoubtnot,itwillmeetwiththesame condemnationbyeveryrightthinking individualinthecommunity.The peopleofthecolonyhave,aswehave alreadystated,supportedtheOrphanagesmostgenerously;andourGovernment,ratherthanhavetakenfrom, should,undersuchcircumstances,have addedtotheEIGHT-PENCEperday hithertogiven,-ifitwereonlyasan earnestoftheirdesiretoencourage publicspiritinsolaudableadirection.
Whileweagainexpressourextreme regretattheactcontemplatedbyour Government,wewouldurgeourfellowcoloniststouniteandprotestfirmly againstsuchanunjust,vile,andcruel purposebeingcarriedintoeffect.
THEGOVERNMINTANDOUR ORPHANAGES.
SiNcEourremarksontheintended reductionbytheGovernmentofthe amouuthithertogiventowardsthe supportofourOrphanageswerein
'type,010310wilit hasbeeuiplatedat -Colonial °di* ,Perth,lstJulyISM Ent,-Areporthasbeenmeth His ExcellencytheGovernoronthe theomitforthemaintenanceof btO it w thePoorHouseandOrphanages, foundthatarevisitstbewideOE forchildrenattheOrphanagesh. necessary.ThecostinthePoor Inclusiveofclothing,doesnotexceed penceperdiem;andonandaftertheles-' August,next,thatsumwillbepaid,-inany OrphanageislieuofthepresentrataSt e1aoperdiem.Anychild*inthe Orphanageunderyourcontrolthataremaintamedatpublictett,winotmousebeadmit- tedintothePublic.kristabilatunentsshould younotdesiretoretainthematthereduced rateafterthe31stinst. Ihave&C., FRED.P.BARLEE.
TheVeryRev.M.Gibney,Peb.
RETORTOFTHECTRAL BOARDOFEDUCATIO
iv
THEReportoftheCentralBoar.'f Educationfortheyear1873hasbee published.Fromthatdocumentwe selectthefollowinginterestingpara- graphs:-
Thuswemayo3nIldentlystatethat.the ElementaryEducationActhas,onthewhole, mettheobjectforwhichitwetpassed;ttat ithasplacedunderthecontrolofthepeople intheColonyaplainandsimplemeansof instruction,opentoallwhochoosetoavail ofit,atanexceedinglyreasonablerate;and thatthereisnownoplaceintheColony, howeverremote,wheretenortwelve childrencanbecollectedtogetherthatthe meanstoteachthemtherudimentsof educationneedbewanting.
UndertheprovisionsoftheAct,section 20,itisenactedthatGovernmentSchools shallreceiveaGrantnotexceedinginthe whole£215s.perheadonchildrenwhohave attendednotlessthanfourheirsaday during1S0daysinayear.Therearea numberofsmallcountryschoolsatwhich theaverageattendancerarelyamountstoand seldomexceedstwelve,andwherethat attendenceis,fromvariousesuses,irregular. Takingthehighestaverageunderthe resultsystemthathasyetbeenattained,£2 IIs.7d.perscholar(andsucha'Tankcannot beanticipatedinsuchschools'asthose advertedto),theincomegainedbythe teacherwoulduniount£3019s.and,looking tecinctistailliateofw' IntheColonyandtherisingpriVSoft necessariesoflite.weconceivethatteache itlilteventheabilitiesrequiredforsuch smallschools,tviilnotreadilyhefoundon suchterms.Wewouldthereforerecommend suchanamendmentoftheActaswould increasetheGrantfront£2I5s.to£310s. perheadinGovernmentSchools,andin AssistedSchoolsfrom£17s.6d.£115s.per head.Thisincrease,ifsanctionedwillwe hope,enableteachersinsmallschoolstoexist ontheirearnings,andofferafurtherinducementforexertiononthepartofteachersin largerschools.Wewould*rtherremark thattheincreasesuggestedwoubl,calculatedontheaverageattendanceshownin thereturnsfor187:1,stillbeatrifleunder thecostperheadincurredundertheold system.Ineventoftheproposedalterationin theActweshouldnotallowtheretentionof feesbyanyteacher,norshouldwemakeany alterationintheallowancesforResults(BylawNvxe,Sec.may2.). profitablycalltheattentionof YourExcellency,intheconsiderationofAIRrecommendationmadeinthelastpatagitoige4rtothefactthatthecostperscholarunder theoldsystemvariedverymuchandin thoseschoolswherefixedstipendsarestill receivedthecoatperheadvariesfrom4410r. to£136.perheadperannum,whileinthe schoolspaidbytheresultsystemunderthe presentActthecostonlyvariesfrom£2lls. 7d.to£1lls.
Thus,underthelattersystem,somereliable calculationmaybemadeastotheannual costtothepublicofeachscholarwhose educationisprovidedfrompublicfunds. a
Havingsuggestedsuchalterationsinthe Actaswedeemtobenecessary,wemay fairlybelookedonforanexpressionofour opinionastothegeneralworkingofthe systemunder4andwedonothesitateto say,thatthoughtheprinciplesofself-help onwhichitisbasedare,inouropinion, somewhatinadvanceofthepeople,itis workingsatisfactorily,andaffordingtothe inhabitantsoftheColony,iftheychooseto takeadvantageofitandwillendeavorto carryitout,areasonablemeansofinstruction,accessibletonearlyall,ontermswithin thereachofallclasses. ItmistbeborneI,min th objecflethepresentssstem, 4edonot concealfromourselvesthaterearemany whodoobject,thatitisby meansaneasy mattertochange.Noewillnow,we suppose,suggestthatareturnshouldbe madetotheformergateandthereseem tobebuttwootherooureavallablei-ectaca. tononpurelysecularopurelydenominationalprinciples.Toerofthesesmarms numerousandwell-foedobjectionswill beraised,andwetherredonotheedtateto recommendacontin ofthepresentI system.
14P+ Thetimeisathawhennewelections willbeheld,andwewouldexpressahope thatthosewhoeliwillonlyrecord.ithEit
f k
r
THEWESTASTRAL OLICRECORDMOND1.Y
motesinfavorofthosewhowillbeworking thudnothonoraryMembersoftheDistrict litiards.Theremaybeadiffictftinfinding leeachDistrictasufficientnumberofmen leisuretoundertakedutieswhich,if lyperformed,invoiceno5=11 eandpatience,butthereare ableandwillingtogivetheirservices; istuouropinion,verydesirpblethat 'ack&oatshouldnumbersomefemaleson itsrolL
Thepresenceofladies,infrequentvisits, inadvice'toteachersoffemaleschools,ha inspectionofneedlework,andinmanyother ways,isveryconducivetothewell-beingand successofschools.
* Thereareyetalargenumberofschools wherepaymentismadebyfixedsalary,and notbyresults.Weconsiderthisamatterof greatimportance;andifthesuggestionwe havemadeforanadditiontothegrantper beadbesanctioned,weconsiderthatanotice shouldbeSeemedthatwithinsixmonths fromitsdateallteachersthenpaidbysalary shouldbepaidbyresults.Wearesatisfied noteacherwhoseservicesareworthretaining willoealosersalarieswillthenbepaid accordingtothefairearningsofeachteacher, andthecostofeducationperheadcanbe fairlyascertainedandproperlyapportioned.
Theobjectionshithertomadebyteachers tothechangeistheriskofacertainforan uncertainincome,andanideathattheir claimstofuturesuperannuationwouldbe forfeitedbythegivingupaSalaryfora ResultGrant.Tothefirstobjectionwe reply,thereisnorisktoanaverageteacher tothesecond,thatitisouropinionnoclaim tosuperannuationshouldbeforfeitedbythe change:butonthislatterpointitwouldbe wellthatsomemoreauthoritativeexpression ofopinionthancanemanatefromusshould begiven.
NEM111111111111111111
PROPAGATIONOFTILEFAITH.
IhsLordshiptheBishoplx'irtmost desirousofestablishinginhisDiocese :Societiesforthe"Propagationofthe Faith,"lessaddressedaPastoralLetter totheClergyandfaithfulforthat purpose.;andasitismostdesirablethat theaimsandobjectsoftheAssociation shouldbeaswidelyknownaspossible, wehavemuchpleasureingiving insertiontothesubjoinedselections frontthePoetoru/referredto:"MostbelovedBrethren,anddearchildren, considering.,41*greatdebtofgratitudeto the.e,eeeilibitfurthePropagationofthe alit,furteeassistancegiventousinthe iitteres,,ofourHolyReligeoninthisDiocese, 11eha,eresolvedtodrawyourattentiento theLiamunpertanceofthat'dimswork,to induceyoutocooeeratIt11,1becumepartakers ofitsmeritsaswellasitsgracesand psideg,. 'Thatyeumayfeintajustideaofthe excellenceotthischaritablework,youhave buttoconsideritsnobleobject,whichisthe propagationofcurtheyReligienthroughout alltheworld,tocarrythelightoffaithto infidels,andMeditatethenwatisofsalvatiw. Butitsobjectisnotconfitiedmerelyto theconversionofinfidelsitalsoextendsits influencetopreservethefaithofthose membersofourHolyReligionwholive amongstpagans,orincountriessubjectto hereticalorschismaticalPowers.Thisis thegreatestcharitableworkitoverlooks nonebutextendsitselftoallmenwherever scatteredthroughouttheworldevenWe, theCatholicsofthisDiocese,thoughso remotefromourbrethrenofEurope,thanks bekGe4havenotbeentheleastfavoured inarticipatingofthecharityaffordedby theAssociationofthePropagationofthe baith.
"Thisisaworkofcharitythemost pleasingtoGod,foritsobjectistoapplyto menthefruitsofRedemption,topromote thepreachingoftheGospelandthesalvation ofsouls,-theveryworkforwhichtheSonof GodcamedownfromHeavenandwasmade man-aworkforwhichhelabouredallhis life,andshedallhispreciousblood.Thisis theoneworkwhichhehadsomuchatheart; and,therefore,nootherworkismorepleasing toourDivineRedeemertitanthis-the PropagationoftheFaith,-,herebyits associatesgivestheirhelptoandcooperate inthesalvationofsouls.Inordertocontinueandextendthebenefitofthe Redemptionofmankind,ourDivine RedeemerappointedHisApostles,and chargedthemwiththecommissiontogoand preachtheGospeltoallnations.The Apostleslikewiseappointedotherministers theirsuccessors,whowereinvestedwiththe samepoweranddignityandthesearethe actualMissionariesofourholyreligion,who,liketheApostles,aretheministersof JesusChrist,andGod'scoadjutors,asSt. aaya,someofwhomcarrythelightof faithtoinfidels,andothersareoccupiedin preservingitamongtheirchriatianbrethren; theyalso,liketheApostles,helpourDivineRedeemerinthesalvationofsouls. This,indeed,mustbeverypleasingtoJesus Christ,becausetheyforwardHismostdear interestsanditisforthit'.easonthathe callsthemHisfriendsto muhehas revealedhissecrets,andmadeknownall thingsHehadheardfromIliHeavenly Father."Ihavechosenyou, dhave appointedyou,thatyoushoulgoand shouldbringforthfruit."(Johnv.,15.)
O!eminentdignityoftrueMissionaalwho, liketheApostles,arethefriendsJesus Christ,greatwillbetheirreward they arefaithfultotheirholyvocation .cause
andonehalf-pennyweekly,you=ayreceive
astheyaoopetate andtakepart
laFunlaboursr thesalvationof soulsAi&He atthecostofHis blood,sotheywillhaveapreeminentplace nearHimintheKingdomofHisGlory.
* *
"TiceAseoclidionforthe'Propagationof theFaithwash&aided14YenkinWinne, lathe latarolawkeneeitwon to toothereuMAesofiluter4inparticularto Englandand, atreIttlind.;UMW gEgush, anonl incommonwiththriradeelonaries,transportedittonewcountriesoftheglobe,and atpresentthisgreatworkisestablished throughoutallthe.Christianworld.Ever sinceitsestaldiehmentithasbeenhonoured bytheapprobationandpatronageofthe HolySee,andmanyBishopshavealso exhortedtheirflockstoencourageand maintainbytheirprayersandcontributions anAssociationuponwhichmanyofthe Missions.throughouttheworlddependfor theirsupport;andtheSovereignPontiffs havegrantedtoits'membersmanyindulgencesandprivileges,whichyoumayseein theprintedpamphletsandintheAnnalsof theSociety. "Someofyouknowhowmuchhelpthis poorMissionhasreceived,andstillcontinues toreceivefromtheAssociationforthe PropagationoftheFaith.Howfewand poorweretheCatholicsinthiscolonythirty yearsago,andhowoppressedtheywereby thebigotryofsomgoftheirfellow-colonists.
Nevertheless,-twoPriestsweresenthere fromSydneythefirstBishopwasappointed inthepersonofourpredecessor,theRight Rev.Dr.Brady,who,knowingthewants andpovertyofthisMission,movedbyhis zealappliedtotheCouncilofthePropagationoftheFaith,whobygivinghimalarge sumofmoneyenabledhimtobringoutwith himsomeMissionariesandthegoodSisters ofMercy.Ontheirarrivalinthecolonythe fewCatholics,who,beforethattime,durstnot toraisetheirheads,andsonicofwhomhad notfortitudetomakeopenprofessionof theirreligion,begannowtostirupandfeel intheirheartsarevivaloftheiralmost extinguishedfaithverysoontheirnumber wasincreasedbytheconversionofsome Protestants;schoolswereopenedforthe instructionofchildrenofbothsexes; religiousinstructionwasgivenalsobythe MissionariesandthegoodSistersofMercy tothegrownuppersons;alittleChurch, thewallsofwhichhadalreadybeenerected, wasthenfittedupforDivineServicethe ConventoftheSistersofMercy,together withtheirOrphanageforNativegirls,was builtashorttimeafterabranchofthe MissionwasestatfishedatNewNerciafor thecivilization;endinstructionofthemale Nativesunderthe(Breedenofthetwo iulefatigableBenedictineMissionaries,nov Bishops,Dr.SerraandDr.Salvado,at.1very smeltingMissionmadegreatprogress.Furall thisgoodthefirstCatholics'velechiefly indebtedtothecharityoftheAsseriatien forthePropagationoftheraffle
"ThehelpofthisgreatAssociation, togethervihitthelargesumsofmoneycollectedinEuropebythetwoaforesaid BenedictineBishopswhohaveworkedwith exceedinggreatzealfortheirMissions, affordedfurlstoerectthefirstChurches orChapelsintheprincipaleevils~clue SchoolHouseswerethenbeet,thecentmunityoftheSistersofSt.Joseph,with theirConventandSchools,wasalso establishedatFremantle.Addtothisthe maintenanceofMissionaryStudentsthe expensesofvoyageandoutfitofl'riests fromEuropetothisMission;thesupportof Schoolsforbothsexessalariesofteachers; theprovidingforsacredvesselsandvestmentsfortheDivineServiceinthedifferent Chapelsandruralstations,inadditionto thoseimportedfro.nSpainallthishas beenprovidedingreatpartwithtirefunds receivedfromthePropagationoftheFaith. Finally,lookatthebuildingoftheCathedral, andthenewConventswiththeirOrphanages, andyoumayjudgehowmuchweoweto thatgreatInstitution.
"Then,dearlybeloved,ifwereceiveso muchassistancefromthisAssociation,itis butjustthatweshouldshowourgratitude byrenewingitinthisourDiocese,andbycontributingtothisgreatwork;andour contributionswillbeanencouragementto theCouncilstocontinuetoassistthispoor Mission.
"Byyoursmallcontributionstothe PropagationoftheFaith,youmaypartake ofitsmanyspiritualgraces;youwillbecome auxiliaryMissionaries,youwillshareinthe labours,fruits,andmeritsofallthe Missionariesoftheworld,whomyouwill assistbyyouralmsandprayers,andyou, liketheApostles,andMissionaries,willbe calledthefriendsofJesusChrist,because youwillhelpHimintheconversionofsouls, andinextendingHisKingdomuponearth.
"Toobtainalltheseblessingstheonly thingrequiredistogiveone-halfpennyevery week,andtosayeverydayone'OurFather andHailMary,'andthisshortprayer, St. theFrancisXavier,prayforus.'Thislain powerofeveryoneofyou,andnoone shouldrefusetodoit,forthecauseof forwardingtheinterestsofourholyReligion throughoutalltheworldisincumbenton everyoneofusaccordingtoourmeans, andattheDayofJudgmentweshallhaveto renderstrictaccounttoGodastothe mannerinwhichwehavefulfilledthisduty.
"Wherefore,weexhortyou,dearly beloved,tobecomemembersofthis_great SocietyforthePropagationoftheFaith, andprayearnestlywithusthattheLord mayvouchsafetosenduslabourerstohelp ustoworkinthisportionofHisvineyard, 'andinrecompenseofyourshortdailyprayer
ahundred-foldevenInthisworld,andin theendlifeeverlasting.., "TheBlessingofclodtheFather,andof theBonsaidoftheRelyGhostdescendupon youandremainelverwithyou."
Acollectionforthe"Propagation oftheFaith"wasmadeattheCathedral onthefirstSundayinJune,whenthe followingsumswerereceived
PERFORMANCEINAIDOFTIIEBOYS'AND GIRLS'ORPHANAGES.-Ontheeveningof Monday,15thJune,themembersofSlotuan andSmith'sBijouTroupe,whohaverecently arrivedfromMelbourne,gaveabenefit performanceintheTownHallfortheBoys' andGirls'Orphanage.Theprogrammefor theoccasionhadbeencarefullyselectedand everythingwasdunebythecompanyto rendertheentertainmentacompletesuccess. Theattendance,however,wasnotaslargeas couldhavebeendesired,and,asaconsequence,theeffortsofthecompanyto benefittheOrphanageswerenotrewardedas theysowelldeserved,noritsitwasfully anticipatedtheywouldhavebeen.Not,itiestaudingthefailureoftheentertainment inafinancialprintofview,thethanksofour communityareduetotheBijouCompanytor theirhenevolcutintention.Theamount receivediuaidofteeOrphanageswastielog.
NEWCHURCHATALBANY.-Tendershave beeninvitedbyHisLordshiptheBishopfor theerectionofanewChurchatAlbany. TheplanoftheintendednewChurchis chasteanduniqueandwhencompletedwill beundoubtedlyanornamenttotheTownof Albany.TheplanistheworkofaGerman Architect,andwasprocuredbyMiss Campbell,ofAlbany,duringherrecent visittoEurope.Itisourintentionto publishthelistofcontributorstowardsthe erectionofthenewchurchmeantimewe feelcalledupontospeciallyrecordthe munificentdonationof£300forthatpurpose byMissCampbell.Wearehappytosay thatthisisnuttheonlyinstanceinwhich theCatholicsofAlbanyareindebtedtoMiss Campbell'scharityandmunificence.
NEWCHURCHATYORK.-011Treaders willlearnwithpleasurethattheRev.Y.J. Gibneypurposesatanearlydatelayingthe foundation-stoueofanewChurchinthe flourishinglittleTownofYork.Already, weunderstand,alargequantityofbuilding materialhasbeencollectedontheproposed site;andotherpreliminariesrequiredbefore undertakingaworkofsuchimportance, arealsobeingfastbroughttocompletion.ThegoodpeopleofYorkhavealready evidenceoftheenergyoftheirzealous PastorintheshapeofahandsomeConvent andaprettySchoolHouse,andwemakeno doubtthatasubstantialandcommodious Churchwillerelonghavetobeaddedtothe listofworkstherev.gentlemanhasbegffn andcompleted.
NEWSCHOOLlinusE.-Itiswithpleasure werecordthefactthateffortsarenowbeing wadebytheVeryRev.M.Gibneytoerecta newBoys'SchoolHouseinPerth.The numberofpupilsontherollsfullyjustifies suchanundertaking,and,besides,thepresentbuildingdoesnotaffordtheconvenience andaccomodationsodesirableinaschool whichhassolargeadailyattendance.Wehave nodoubtthattheappealtobeshortlymade tothepublicforsupportandassistancewill beliberallyrespondedto,andthatatanearly datesufficientfundswillbeinhandto commencetheproposedbuilding.
TaxBISHOP.-WeunderstandHisLordshiptheBishoppurposesvisitingAlbanyand month. eS)uthernTownshrpsduringthecurrent
DRAWINGINAIDoTHEGIRLSORPHAN-
AGE.-ThedrawinginaidoftheGirls Orphanage,whichtookplaceintheSchool HouseoftheSistersofMercy,onthe2nd June,realisedthehandsomesumof£150. Wearegladtorecordsosatisfactory'aresult, asconsequentuponthelargenumberof childrenintheOrphanagetheSistersof
Mercywerecompelled ' enlarge'theOrphanageHouseitself,andthat, too,atacostwhichpressedveryhandlyon theircomparativelyslenderresouroeiIt will,wehavenodoubt,,beasourceof pleasuretoallwhooceitrfeettedtothiswork inthepurchaseof'prizedonate,tolearn thattheadditionmadetotheOrphanawe House,hasrendereditwellsuitedinevery waytothegoodpurposestowhichitis devoted.%Weappendheretothenamesof thewinnersofprizes:1stprise,-Mrs.Leeder,Reiresstle. 2nddo-MiesPlame.Gillman,Runbul7. 8rddo.-Mr.Abbott,Roebourne. 4thdes-MissC.Smith,Perth. 6thdo.-Mr.X.Pratt,Mystery. 0thdo.-MissIsabellaBogue,Perth. 7thdo-MissEllenThompson,Victor*Plains. 8thdo.-Mrs.J.Waldeck,GreenoughPlata. 9thdu-Mr.A.Murray.Glengarry,Cl.Bay, 10thdo.-Mrs.Moll,Perth. 11thdo.-MissDyson,Perth. 12thdo.-Mr.JamesHunt,VictoriaPlain 13thdo.-HissBudgett,Melbourne. lathdo-MissMaryHolland,York. 1Sthdo.-Mrs.WilliamBarron,Perth. 16thdo.-Airs.W.E.Marmion,Fremantle. 17thdo.--111raDuffield,Rottneet. 18thdo.-Mr.E.Dempster,Bucklands,Northam. 191.12do-Mr.H.Grundy,Perth. do.-Al!asASpencer,Perth. 21stdo-Mr.J.Fletcher,Willow-gully,C.Bay. 22nddo.-Mr.LawrenceMooney,Albany, '23rddo.-Mr.W.Rose,Willow-gully,C.Bay. LEGISLATITIICOUNCIL-IllsExcellencyGovernor WeldopenedthefourthSessionoftheLegislative AssemblywiththeusualceremoniesonWednesday Iasi.IrisExcellencyinhisopeningspeechcongratulatedtheConnelland,throughit,thecolonyonits presentprosperouscondition,andonthewell groundedhopesthatcouldbeentertainedastoits continuedprogress.IllsExcellencyalsocongratulatedtheCouncilonthefactthattheyhadasurplus Kevenueattheirdisposalfarinexcessofthatofany previousperiodinthehistoryofwesternAustralia. Totheprogressivepolicywhich,hisExcellencysaid, hehadinitiated,wasdue,inagreatmeasure,the progressandcontinuallyincreasingprosperityonthe coLny.
IRCItedsxincvasGRANTTOASSISTEDSCHOOLS..-We aregladtostatethattheGovernment,actingupon therecommendationoftheReportoftheCentral BoardofEducation,haveintroducedaBillintothe Legislvtive°IllicitraisingthegranttoAssisted SchoolsfromElTS.Od.to£115s.perhead.This increasewillundoubtedlybeagreathelptothe teachersofAssistedSchools,butwedohopethat whentheBillisbroughtunlerthenoticeofthe House,someMemberwillsuggestthatfullandequal justiceliedonetotheAssistedaswellasGovernment Schools.ItismanifestlyunfairtosubjectAssisted SchoolstothesamerulesandregulationsasGovernmont,chools,andthenonlytopaytheTeachersthereof attherateofone-halfthesumgiventoGovernment SchoolTeachers.TheTeachersInAssistedSchools havethesamelaborandtroubletobringtheirPupils uptotherequiredstandardastheGovernmentSchool Teachershave,andhenceItisonlyfairandequitable thattheyshouldhepaidforthe'results',oftheis School,asshownbytheInspector,asTeachersInthe Schoolstowhichsehavereferred.netjustices inthismattershouldbedonetotheAssistedSchools WefeelassuredisonlythedesireoftheMembersof the1,e4islativeCouncil.
anduseful:societyrote,ticed and YOUNHMt I'OCILTS flourishing theirtrendsatisTeaMeetingsomeshorttim., Wearegladtostatethatthenumberofmembersis steodilyincreasingandthatthereiseveryprospectof theSisdetyextendingitssphereofusefwoes& CoNcsar-Wehearthatit-isintendedtohavea ConcertofSacredandsecularMUSICatAnearlydate ioaidoftheFundfurtheerrctiuuofaBoys'school MisuseinPerth.
CHILDRENorMART.-OnSunday,TthJ1111e,inthe Cathedral,I'erth,eightchildrenmadetheirAEIof Consecrationandreceivedthemedalandribbonof theAssociationoftheChildrenofMary,auntfour wereadmittedasaspirants.TheceremonywasperformedbytheVeryRev.M.Gibney,V.G.,whogavea veryappropriateexhortationtotheMembersofthe Association,ofwhomaboutsixtywerepresent.The SodalityofLaEnfantdeMariehasbeen'esiablished intheSchoolsoftheSiderealMercywithinthelast twoyears.Thereareatpresent117membersonthe register,andsevenaspirant.ofthisnumber;between fifty-fiveandsixtyattendtheweeklymeetings.At presentthereIsnoChapeloftheAssociation;butHis LordshipDr.Griverhaskindlypromisedtogivethe oldChurch(thefirstCatholicplaceofworshipemoted intheColony)tothemembersoftheSodalityassoon asthereisaBoy'sSchoolHouseerected.
TarQCARANTOatwasperformedthisyearinthe Cathedral,Perth.ItcommencedontheFeastofthe SacredHeartandterminatedafterVespersthe followingSunday,whentheblessedSacramentwas carriedinprocessionroundtheCathedral.Theboys attendingtheSchoolwalkedintheprooesson carryingbanners,followedbytheChildrenofMary dressedinwhite,whoalsocarriedveryprettyand appropriatebanners.
THEBISHOPOFORLEANS.
TheBishopofOrleanshasaddresseda lettertohisclergyontheso-calledprophecies andprodigieswhicharecirculatedinall directionsatthe.presentday.lieconsid thephenomenonnotanextraordinaryonethepresenttroubledgeneration-butwarns hisflockagainstattachingcredencetothe numerousassertions.Thebeliefinsupernaturalmanifestationsmustnot,urgesMgr. Dupanloup,leadthemtoexpectthematall times.ThepresentPopehasinsomeofhis allocutionsdenouncedmanyofthese prophesiesasthe"offspringofimagination," anddeclaredtheydonotdeservethehonour ofbeingread.TheBishopofOrleansseems tothinkthatthefearfultroublesof1870 causedgreatdepressioninthemindsof Frenchmen,andinclinedthemtoputfaith inmiraclesandprodigiesofallkinds.He deemsitadvisabletogivetheweightofhis authoritytocontradictthestatementswhich arebecomingonlytooprevalent.The,00neludingpassagesoftheBishop'sletterare fullofforce.Theyareworthyofonewho isdisdaguishedaliketothisreligious-seat sadhiscommandingintellect.HeAspsI "Letusbeadevotedandenergetiolgenera. Lion,intelligentandcapable,believingand active, >Wdeeatandathenecessitiesand thecourseofhumanagitations,andwho, withouthavingrecoursetomainiusdsuspichMs 'oracles,mayfindintheMetrooftheirforefathers,andinmemoriesofthepanthe secretsofProvidenceandhope.forlies future."-"MhIgReyistcr.
THEWEST
r1SGR4CE
,t ARVINS1110QFWEST- STERTOHISQRACETHE ARCHBISHOPOFARMAGH,PRIMATEOPALLIRELAND,?cc.,4re.
MrDuxLORDPRIMATE,elk*saywithtruth,thatamongthe tfisappointmentswhichhavebefallenmein eventsofthiskind,Icanremembernone greaterthanthatoffailingofmypromise tobewithyouatthededicationofthe Cati.IralofArmagh.
Wtl'enyourGracefirstinvitedme,I answeredatoncethatIcouldrefusenothing tothesuccessorofSt.Patrick.Anysuch invitationfromIrelandwouldcomeinhis name;butaninvitationfromArmagh comeswithhisauthority.Itspeaksfrom hisownSeeasMetropolitanandPrimateof Ireland. Ifelt,alai),thatyourinvitationwasnot onlyapersonalandprivatekindness,but thatithadawidermeaning.Itwasa biddingtometocomeandtogreetonce mosttheBishopsofIreland,amongwhomI spentsomanyhappyhoursduringthe CounciloftheVatican.Imaysaystill moreitwasaninvitationtotheCatholic ChurchinEnglandtocomeandjoinwith theCatholicChurchinIreland,inasolemnity whichbearswitnesstotheindissolubleuqity oftheFaith.Itseemedtomeveryfitting, andinthesedaysverytimely,andinevery wayverygoodandfullofmeaning,thatthe PrimateofIrelandshouldhavebyhissidea representativeoftheCatholicChurchin England.Iknewalsofromcertainsources thatamongtheclergyandpeopleofIreland manykindheartswishedtogivemea welcome. Therefore,IdonotthinkthatIfailedin anywaytoappreciatethereasonswhichnow makemydisappointmentgreater.Your Gracewillbelievemethen,whenIsaythat nolightcausewouldhavemademedeprive myselfofsomuchpleasure,anddisappoint somanykindfriends,andfrustratesomany kindintentions.Imayalsoaddthatno lightcausewouldhavemademeevenseem tobewantinginrespecttoyourGrace,and theBishops,andtotheclergyandpeopleof ButintruthIhad,asIwrotelastweek, nochoice.
OnrProvincialCouncil,whichIthought wouldheoverintenortwelvedays,took two-and-twentyand,afteritclosed,itlaid uponmemanymoredaysofwork.The dedicationofthechurchatRathkealewas fixedforthe17th.IcouldnotleaveSt. Edmund'sCollege,wheretheCouncilwas told,untilthe16th.Itwasthenimpossible J1n'ateit,lime,eteitifIcould havetravellednightanddayandIdidnot knowtilltheworkwasoverhowcompletely unableIwastotravelat:ill,stillmoreto fulfilthepromiseIhadmadeofpreachingin Rathkeale,andinDublin,andArmagh,and ofaceeptinetheninnykindtokensofwelcomewhichwon',as1knew,preparedfor me.ThosewhowerethenWith111(2kit()w thatIdonotoftenbreakpromisesofwork. AetweimtheconvictionthatIoughtnotto undertakeanyworkatthattime,andthe painofdisappointingsoninnyknownand unknowntome,1wasinrealanxiety.Ican thereforeassureyouthatyourGrace'skind andconsiderateletter,andoneequallykind andconsideratefront-hisEminencethe Cardinal,havegivenmeasensiblereliefand consolation.Iwillnowthereforegoonto fulfilmypromisetogiveyouinprintwhatI shouldhavesaidinwords.YourGraceneed notbeafraidlestIshouldsendyouthe sermonIwastopreach.Mypurposeis moremerciful.1wishtowritewhatIshould havesaidabouttheCatholicChurchin Ireland,andalsoinEngland,theirmutual relationsofco-operationandsupport;and somewhataboutthewitnesswehavetobear, andtheworkwehavetodoinourcountry, atthisstrangecrisisoftheChurchinall tuitionsofEurope.'
IfIhadbeenaLetobeamongyou.I shouldhaveexpressed,sofarasIcould, someofthemanymotivesofvenerationwith whichIregardCatholicIreland;forIknow nocountryintheworldmoretrulyChristian, noranyCatholicpeoplethathasretainedits faithandtraditionsmoreinviolate.The onlyoneexceptionIknowisindeedoutof allcomparison:ImeanRome.Itistrue ndeedthattheimmutabilityofRomeis Wtioutintohigherrelietbythefactthat the,cityhasbeensubmerged,timesmahout number,byeveryformofanti-Christian enmity;andthatithasbeenthecentreof allthewarfareoftheworldagainstthe Faith:butithasbeensustainedbyits exceptionaldivineprerogatives,andthereforeremainsimmoveable.Irelandhasnot thespecialsupportofeither"TuesPetrus" orof"Egorogaviprote;"neverthelessit remainstothisday,forfourteenhundred years,asSt.Patrickleftit,unstainedand inviolateinCatholicfidelity.Iknowofno otherprovinceintheKingdomofourDivine Masterofwhichthiscanbesaid.Every othercountryinEuropehashaditheresy, anditsperiodsofobscuration,Somehave risenandfallenagain,andhavebeenrestored oncemore;someaftercenturiesoflight andgracehaveapostatizedutterley,andlie deadtothisdaybutIrelandistheIreland ofSt.Patricktothepee-enthour.Iam wellawarewhat1&;alitt:icriticsandhistorical scavengersmayraintfratuthetwelfthor thirteenthcenturiesofirishhistory;butthisstillmoreconT.13 -,t3ertion.Even inthosedarktlaytthfrithofIrelandnever failed.Itvies`2:10itt:x1RomanyeSt. Patricktaughtit.Itotethis,notonly becauseithi gl.:1y,whichhasbeen Weltbyetti::;;;'..,-faufelingevenunto
?1117laTrit'Or'ftae"Pleor importanceofthisfactwillbe allwholarowthepasthistoryofIreland. S.Next,itmaywithcertaintybesaid thatthepeopleofIrelandwereneverso wellorsouniversallyeducatedesatthis day.TheCollegeofBt.Paixtek's,atlittaynooth,hasnowmincethebeibmingofthis centurywroughtitseffectsthroughoutthe Catholicclergy;anumberoflesserColleges throughouttheprovinceshaspowerfully effectedtheCatholiclaity.Thesystemof educationwhichforthelastthirtyyearshas coveredIrelandwithnationalschools,has diffusededucationthroughthewholebody ofthepeople.PopulareducationinIreland ismorewidelyspreadthaninEngland. Whatwasintendedbysometoundermine theCatholicreligioninIreland'hasturned totheconfirmationoftheFaith.The massofthepeopleatthisdayarean intelligentandeducatedCatholicnation:all themoreCatholicbecauseallthemore intelligentandtherebyabletoappreciate explicitlythegroundsoftheirfaith,the notesoftheChurch,thehistorytheheresey, andtheemptinessofallanti-Catholicsystems which,afteragesofpretension,arevisibly dissolvingeverydaybeforetheireyes.Firm, changeless,andinvincibleasIrelandhas everbeeninitsfaith,itismoresonowthan ever.Everythinghasbeentriedagainstit, frommartyrdomandpicthcapstosoupand seculareducationmergesprofundopukhrior evenit.Iamoldenoughtorememberthe highdaysofExeterHall,andIrishemissions atDingleandthelike,andPriestProtection Societies,andtheNewReformationin Connemaraofwhichthegreatpublic oracleofEnglanddeclaredthat,ifits progressshouldbelongmaintained,Roman Catholicisrewouldbeonedayasextinctin IrelandastheworshipofthePheniciansin Cornwall.Butallthesethingshavegoneto thelimboofSouthSeaBubbles;andthe CatholicpeopleofIrelandarerisingand consolidatingeveryyearinvigorousintelligenceandimmutablefaith.
:3.TothisImayaddonemoresignof prosperousgrowthinIreland.Sincethe daywhenitspeoplewereputoutoftheir inheritanceinthesoil,therewasnevera timewhensomuchlandhadreturnedagain intoCatholichands.Famineandfever,and theexodus,haveindeeddonetheirmournful work,inassuringtothosewhosurviveor remainabetterremunerationfortheir industry;but,apartfromthis,therenever was,Ibelieve,atimewhenmoreindustry wasatworkinIreland,whenmorecapital wasinvested,moreactivityofproduction rualexchangewasinmotion,antiwhen thereforebetterreturnsweresecuredtothe employer.andbetter..wagestotheemployed
amaware,theProtestantrepresentativesof Catholiconstituenciesaremenofhonour; andthroughthemalsoCatholicIreland makesitsjustclaimsfelt,sofarastheyare feltintheImperialLegislature.YourGrace willcorrectmeifIbeinoverbutrunInot tin'armingthatInland,hasapublie soilOfitsdwriwhWalohagiaturaAand rengthenedinthelalk,Ortyyearsbond allexampleinthepait.bleaeryofthecountry?AndhasnotOlafpublicopiniona powerfulaction,throughanextensiveand activepress,uponthepublicopinionof EnglandandupontheImperialLegislature? Andletmeaddthat,inall'Um-greatcities andtownsofEnglindandScotlandthereis aresponsetothispublicopiniortandtothis publicvoiceofIrelandwhichcarrieshome bothtotheearandtotheintelligenceofthis country.Mybeliefisthatthereisagreat futureforIreland.Iflessthanfiftyyears havebroughtaboutwhatIhavehardly touchedinoutline,whatmaynotanother fiftyyears,withtheacceleratingratioof improvementaccomplish?WhenIlookon foreignnations,andImaysayalsoupon England,Iseecauseforgraveforboding. EverywhereIseechange,orwhatmencall progress,withoutstability.Governments andnationsaremarchingintotheunknown, withoutabaseofoperations,andtherefore withoutanylineofretreatwithoutcommunicationsopenforresource,ormeansof reformingineaseofadisaster.States,Ido notsaymonarchies,fortheyhavesoldthem selvesandaremorallygone,butStateswithoutfaitharethereforewithout(led;and StateswithoutGodhavenostability,because theyhavenovitalcoherence.Theymay holdtogetherbytheforceofcustomfor awhile,orbythetenacityofinteresteven foralongtime;buttheyhavenoBonn*of lifeorcurativeresourcesinthemselves.All thesethingsIseeinIreland.Youhavea peoplepervadedbyfaith,openlyserving Godbyeveryformofprivateandpublicduty. Youhaveareligiousunityindoctrine,worship,andcommunion,whichresistsand castsoffallmodernexpedientsoflatitudinarianismorGodlesslegislation.Theprogress ofIrelandisonthepathwayofChristianity, whichhasmadethenationsofChristendom andthegloryofthem.Theyhavedeparted, oraredeparting,fromfaith,andtheirglory likewiseisdepartingfromthem.Forthem Iseenofuture.IseenofutureforImperial Germany;orforrevolutionaryItaly;orfor Spain,ifitabandonitsancientCatholic traditions;orforFrance,ifitcontinueto deifyVoltaireandtoglorifythePrinciples of1789.ButIdoseeafutureforIrehuid, andIseealsoafutureforEnghuni-if IrelandbeIrelandstill,andifEnglandhave stillaChristianheart.Hereisthetrial whichhasnowreacheditscrisis."Thetrial isthisShallthenextgenerationof-lrisn7"" menbeformedasCatholics?Shallthe nextgenerationofEnglishmenbeformedas Christians?-(TobeContinued.)
SIRGARNETWULSELEY.-Avery
moment1triflingtoitselfasocialorganisation, inallitsconditionsofindustryandcommerce, labourandcapital;andfillingupthe unsightlychasmbetweentherichestandthe poorestwithagradationofsocialclasses whichmusteveryyearindefinitelyincrease theresourcesandpowerofthecountry.I know,indeed,thatthelastcensusshows oncemoreadiminishedpopulation:but whenthisdescenthastouchedacertain pointemigrationwillslacken,ifnotcease, andthepopulationmustincreaseagain.
death;andIreland,mayndeedhertruly inscribedintheCalendaroftheChurchas bothConfessorandMartyrbutInoteit becauseitseemstometoberelatedtoother greattruths.IfEnglandhadbeenless prosperousinthisworld,Itmighthavebeen porefaithfultotheKingdomofGod.If Irelandhasbadaninheritanceofsorrow,it has-received,intheorderofgraceandlite eternal,therecompenseofagreatreward. Inthis1seesomeexplanationoftheunexampledspiritualfertilityofIreland.What otherracesincetheApostleshassospread theFaithonearth?Thereisatthishour anIrishandCatholicpopulationinEngland, Scotland,Canada,Australia,andtheUnited States,doubleinnumberascomparedwith thewholepopulationofIreland.Theyare multiplyingbeyondallotherraces.;founding churchesandepiscopates,buildingcathedrals;raisingeverywherealtars,schools, colleges,convents;andcoveringthesurface ofnewcountries,Imaysaynewcontinents, withtheCatholicfaithasfervent,fruitful, andpure,asinDublin,Cashel,Tuam,anti Armagh.Iknownothingelselikethisir theworldImaysayinChristianhistory. WhenIrememberhowthisfaithhasbeen preserved,throughwhatsorrowsand sufferings,withwhataprolongedmartyrdom ofgenerations,Imustbelievethatour DivineMasterhascalledtheIrishnationto agreatmission,andagreatdestiny.And thiscomesoutallthemorevisiblyinthis ageofnationalapostasy.Thenationshave fallenawayoneafteranotherfromtheunity oftheKingdomofGod.Germanyandthe Northfellfirst;France,andItaly,and Austria,andnowSpain,havefollowed.Byanti-ChristianrevolutionsandpublicrejectionoftimeVicarofJesusChristtheyhave asnationsceasedtoheCatholic,andseem bentonceasingtobeevenChristians;but Ireland,inheart,andsoul,andwill,inits privatelifeandpublicopinion,initspopular voiceandpoliticalaction,isChristianand ',Catholicwithanobleprideandmanly indignationattheapostasyandcowardiceof thenationswhoarehidingtheirfacefrom theRedeemeroftheworld,anddisowning HisVicaruponearth.WithallmyheartI loveIrelandforthisapostolicfidelity,for thischivalryofCatholicfortitudeand Christiaulove.YourGraceisatthis momentwhileIantwritingsurroundedby theBishopsandclergyofIreland,dedicating theCathedralatArmagh.Iantconsoling myselffortoyprivationbywritingthese wordsandprayingthatthepromisemade toSt.Patrickmaybeabundantlyfulfilledin alltheworld,andwithaspecialbenediction ontheprovinceofUlsteranduponthe faithful,fervent,generouspeopleofIrelankl. EdmundBurkesaidthat,withsome changes,thes'atholicChurchinIreland.in hismind,boretheclosestresemblanceof ifthisIlatelyhadanunlookedforand anyChurchonearthtotheChurchofIt,trustworIllyproof.Averyintelligent Apostles.IfullybelievethisforitistheEn,lisliman,whohadraisedhimself,as.lie mostPastoralChurchintheworld,winretoldme,fromtheplough'stailwentover pastorsandflockareintheclosestbondsoffistautumntoConnemara,toseewithhis confidenceandlove.Wherethisis,Chris-owneyesthematerialconditionofthe tianityis,initsprimitivepurityoflife.I peasantmyinIreland.Onhisreturnheasaninotgoingtodwellonthesetopicsnow. miredmethatinabundanceandqualityof Ireland,itsadversariesbeingbothjudgesfood,inrateofwages,andeveninthecomma'witnesses,isattheheadofthenationsfortofttleirdwellings,theworkingmenof forpurityofmarals,andfreedomfront Com-lent:1raarebetteroffthantheagricultural ordinarycrime.ForyearsIhavedeclaredlabourersofcertainofourEnglishcounties. mybeliefthatIrelandisthen,ostChristian Itisthereforetomebeyondadoubtthat countryiiitheworld.ItsChristiantradi-theCatholicpopulationofIrelardisatthis thinsareuniversalandunbrokenitspeople knowtheirreligiontheintelligenceof Irelandhasbeenilluminated,quickened, enlargedbytheinheritedfaithoffourteen hundredyears;toyourflocksChristianand Catholicareconvertibleterms.An manwithoutfaithisashametohismother andtoIreland.ThelaityofIreland,as wellknow,areasprcmptandclearwhen Catholicdoctrineorprincipleareatstake. andspeakasauthoritativelyandlogicallyin defenceoftheCatholicreligion,asiftiny hadbeentrainedinaseminary.Thewhole actionofIrishhomes,Irishpublicopinion, andthesociallifeofthenation,moulds them,notbyconstraintandunwillingly,but insensiblyandspontaneously,totheinstincts andcharacterofChristians.MayGod preservethisinheritanceoHisGraceto You.InEnglandithasbeenshattered,and .wastedeveryyearmutilatesmoreand moretheremainingChristiantraditionsof publiclifeandopinionamongus.Wecan testthiscomparativedifferenceunderour ownhands.Thedifferenceof.Catholicformationbetweenthosewhocometousfrom Irelandandthose,whoarebornofMelt parentsinEnglandissadlymarked.The atmosphereofIrelandunfoldsandripensthe Catholicinstinctsoffaiththeatmosphere ofEnglandlikeuntimelyfrostchecksand cutsthemoff.
II. Icouldhavewishedalsotosaytomy Irishbrethrenwhat,asonelooksatIreland fromadistance,mayperhapsbeamirageor anillusionbutitmayalsobeatruthand reality,morepromptlyseenbythosewho lookfromadistance,thanbythosewholive inthemonotonyofeverydayandtheimportunatepresenceofthecommonlifewhich surroundsthem.Perhapsnooneissoquick toperceivethegrowthofthetreesabouta friend'shouseasavisitorwhocomesonly fromtimetotime.Oneconvictionthenis stronglyimpresseduponmymind.Idonot believethatIrelandwaseversofull-Allife, power,endresourceasatthisday.Ican fullyunderstandhowtheconstantsenseof themanyevilsandwrongsyoudailysee, maymakeithardtorealizethisfact;butI believeittobethesimpletruth.
1.First,wasthereeveranytimeinthe historyofIrelandwhenitspeoplewereso completelyunited? Therehavebeenin pasttimesmanyinterestsofraces,families, andclasses,whichhavehinderedthefusion ofthepeopleintoonewhole.Atthisday
4.And,lastlyImustsaythatnoonewithoutaforesightalmostpropheticcouldhave foretold,in1828and1829,tohowhigha shareinthepubliclifeandpowerofthe EmpireIrelandhasbeenliftedbythelast five-and-fortyyears.Onthisletmespeak outofmyownobservation. 1wasjustenteringuponlifewhentheCatholicsofthese KingdomswereadmittedintoParliament.I wellrememberthepoliticalconflictsfrom thetimeofMr.O'Connell'selectionforthe CountyofOare.Fromthatdaytothis manyeventsandreasonshavemademenote somewhatcloselythecourseofourlegislation;andmyclearandfirmconvictionis, thatatnotimeinthehistoryoftheEnglish MonarchyhasIrelandhadsowide,so various,andsopowerfulashareinthelegislature,inthepublicopinion,andinthepublic lifeoftheEmpire.ThejusticeofEnglishmenhasadmittedIrelandtothesamelegal privilegesandpowersasEnglandandScotland;andtheintelligenceandenergyof Irishmenareeveryyearconvertingwhatis potentialintheStatuteBookIntoactual exerciseandpossession.Itisnotmyintentionnowtoenteruponpoliticalmatters;but ImustsayinpassingthatIdonotforgetthe inequalitieswhichstilldepresstheCatholic populationofthesekingdoms.Theyare not,however,inequalitiesofthelaw,which isthesameforall;butinequalitiesofsocial andpersonalconditions,whichstillweigh upontheposterityofthosewhowereagenerationagounderpenallaws.Whowould havebelievedthat,afterfive-and-fortyyears -thatisnearlyhalfacenturyaftertheadmissionofCatholicstoParliament-there shouldnotbeasingleCatholicreturnedto theHouseofCommonsbyanyconstituency inEnglandorinScotland?Andwhowould believethat,ofthehundredandfiveIrish membersintheHouseofCommons,theCatholicmemberseshouldbeonlyoneinthree torepresentapeopleofwhomtheCatholics arenearlyfourtoone?Nevertheless,asI
interestingepisodeinthecareerofSir UarmmetWolseleyisrelatedby"AngloAmei-lc:anus"inthecolumnsoftheDaily Telegraph.Thepurposeofthewriteristo impressonyoungofficersthebenefitof learningtheartofwarpractically-not inthestudy,butinthefield;notinvade, butinthepresenceoftheredconflictitself. Inoldtimes,whencommunicationwas tediousandatourinAmericaorover thecontinentofEuropemeantthe expenditureoftwelvemonthsanda hugesumofmoney,thestudyofwar inactualcampaignswasbeyondthe compassofeventhemostenthusiastic student.Andsotherearenotwanting proofsthatthenotablestsoldiersinthe world'shistorybecamecapableoftheir besteffortsbylessonslearnedfrom scientificmilitaryrecords.Alexander andCtesar,HannibalandScipio,left behindthemsplendidmemorialsof stratagemandcourageandswiftenergy. Napoleonmasteredtheirsystemsand Moltkemasteredhis,andinthiswriy. thebusinessofgeneralshiphasbeen, carefullyexpoundedforthebenefitof latertimes.-Weareverytappyto learnthatSirGarnetWolseleyisno lessardentintheclosetthancapablein thefield,andthatfromhisyouthhehas beenstudious,observant,industrious, andfrugal.Thesearequalitiesnottoo frequentinourcountrymen,andhundredsofbrilliantnamesinIrishhistory andespeciallyinIrishliteraturehave beendoomedtopainfulcelebrityor lamentableoblivionbecauseofadeficiencyinthesterlingcharaptestile withoutwhichnomanOMbetrig, great.Thelatestofotp./Irishsoldiers seemstoenjoyopulenceinthese importantrespects.Hisstudiesand experiencehyri'beeuproductiveofa littlemanna)/whichhaswonunqualified praisefrontallcompetentmen;andhis conduct'ofdifficultanddangerous enterprisfieshasmadehimtheforemost soldiertheserealms.-Freeman.
PrintandpublishedattheCutlolic Bos'Orphanage,Subiaco,nearPerth, WatAustralia.