The Record Newspaper 06 September 1874 by The Record

Wrstintraliait itrista

No.3.

CiESARISMANDULTRAMONTANISM.

(Concluded.)

Wemustregardthisdoctrineas revivedPaganism.InthePrussian Chamber,Dr.Falcklaiddownthe followingdoctrineonthe15thof Januarylast:-"Wehavebecome more'concrete;'wehaveestimatedthe rightsoftheState.Thereisthe reasonwhytheproposedlawsmustbe carried."Onthe17thofJanuaryhe added-"IftheStateandtheChurch areequalinthedomainsofmortalpower, theStatemustalwayshavethe supremacyinthedomainoflaw.That istosay,asM.dePressenseremarks"Thisamountstosayingthatthe Churchhasallthebenefitsofequality inthedomainofabstractions,onthe conditionthattheStatehasallpower inthedomainoftheconcrete'-thatis, Rightisatheory;Forceistheonly reality."

Thisbringsouttheessenceof modernClesarism;wLichisnotonly thattheStatehassupremepowerover theChurchinallpersonsandcauses, butsupremerighttodeterminethe limitsoftherightsoftheChurch,its liberties,offices,andduties;or,in otherwords,thattheStatecandetermineandtheChurchcannotdetermine whatistheauthority-Pondcommission intrusredtoitbyitsDMneFounder. 'Thisisthevitalpointinthecontention. TheChurchclaimstobethesole, becausetheDivinelyappointedjudgeof thesphereofitsownspiritualoffice, authority,andjurisdiction.Themodern Casarisniclaimstinsultimatepower ofdeterminationfortheState. Betweentheseconflictingclaimsthere canbenomodesvicendi.Toconcede ortoabdicatethissupremespiritual officewouldbeitsdeath.Itwasfor thisthatalonglineofitsmartyrsdied. ItwasforthisthatSt.Thomasof Canterburydied,whichtheotherday wasdescribedashis"exploits."Itis forthisthattheArchbishopofPosen hasalsodeclaredhisreadinesstodie. AndnowtheBerlinGovernment,itis said,isabouttoattempttoimposeon everyfutureBishopthefollowing oath:-

"TheBishopsarehenceforwardto swearobediencetothelawsofthe country,tobindthemselvesbyoathto exhorttheclergyandlaitytobeloyal totheKing,patrioticandobedientto thelaws,andnottopermittheclergy undertheircontroltoteachoractin oppositiontotheseprinciples."-Times Friday,Dec.19,1873.

Thecynicismofthisoathisclearas day.TheBerlinGovernmemtsupports theOldCatholichereticsagainstthe CatholcChurch,onthegroundthatthe Churchhasinnovatedinitsdoctrines: itnowproposestobindCatholicBishops toobeythelawsoftheStateafterall theFalckinnovations.Itrefusesthe innovationsofaninfallibleChurch,but bindstheBishopsoftheChurchby oathtoobeywhatsoeverlawsmaynow orhereafterbemadebyafallibleState. ButCassarismisinfalliblein"the domainoftheconcrete.""Divus Caesar."PrincevonBismarckdeclared intheChamberofPeersthat"the futureofanEvangelicalEmpirehas shownitselfclearlyonthehorizonof Germany"-thatistosay,theCatholic Church,whichisthedirectantagonist oftheEvangelicalEmpire,mustcease frombeforeit.Suchis,infact,the inevitableeffectofthislegislation. Finally,theEmperorjustifieshislegislationagainsttheCatholicChurchby assertingaclaimofabgoluteindepen-

SUBIACO,SUNDAY,SEPTEMBER6,1874.

denceagainstallreligiousorspiritual authoritywhatsoeveruponearth,which isequivilanttoclaimingasupremacy overallreligiousandspiritualmatters yithhathaftpirsiiiGummy."The Evangelicalcreed,which,asmustbe knowntoyourHoliness,i,likemy ancestorsandthemajorityofnlysubjects,profess,doesnotpermitusto acceptinourrelationstoGodanyother mediatorthanourLordJesusChrist."

Asitisimpossibletosupposethat theaugustpersonagewhosenameis attachedtothislettercouldintendthat thePopehadclaimedtobeamediator betweenGodandman,exceptasthe ChiefPastoroftheChurchofGod, thesewordsmustbetakentodenythe existenceofanysuchChurchunderany suchministrybearingDivineauthority uponearth.Thisdenial,coupledwith theassertionofsupremepoweroverthe CatholicsofGermany,isequivalentto theclaimofanabsoluteandunlimited Ctusarism.Therecentecclesiastical legislation,whichviolatesbothreligion andconscience,isthelegitimateconsequenceofthissupremePontificate. ThisisthekeytotheFalcklaws,the effectsofwhichareinsumasfollows:First,theycutoffappealstothe HolySee,bydeclaringthatallcauses mustbedeterminedbyGermantribunals. ThiscutstheChurchinGermanyfrom thecentreofCatholicUnityandfront itsuniversaljurisdiction.

Secondly,theysuspendthepowerof excommunicationapsestheconcurrent sanctionofthecivilauthority,whichis todeprivetheChurchofitsjudicial powerofdecidingwhoareandwhoare notofitscommunion.

Thirdly,theygivetotheStatethe officeofformingandeducatingthe clergy,butcompulsoryeducationinthe gymnasiums,lyceums,anduniversities oftheState,leavingtotheBishopsto superaddacourseoftheologyonmen whosewholeintellectualandmoral naturehasbeenshapedbyaState training,andevenintheirtheological examinationsthepresenceofacommissaryoftheStateisrequired.

Fourthly,theysuspendthepowerof theBishopsingivingcureofsouls,and changingtheirclergyfromcuretocure upontheassentofthecivilpower.

Fifthly,theyestablishanEcclesiasticalCouncil,whichisinfactthe supremacyoftheCrownputincommission,investedwithafinaljurisdiction overecclesiasticalpersonsandmatters. Theeffectofthisistosubstitutethe EmperorforthePope,andtoinvest himwithsupremepoweroverreligion andconscience,overtheChurch,the Episcopate,andtheclergy,asthehead ofallreligionsandofallpriesthoodsin theEmpire.Theresultofallthisis thatno"officialfunction"-thatis,no spiritualact,fromtheexcommunication ofahereticdowntotheteachingthe catechismtoschoolchildren-canbe performedwithoutthesanctionofthe civilpower,underpainorimprisonment, and,thisfailing,ofdeposition.The Ober-PrisidentofPosenhascalledon theArchbishopofPosentoresignhis Archbishopricfornumerousoffences againsttheFalcklaws,whichoffences aresomanyhighspiritualduties.If herefusetoresignwithineightdays heiscitedbeforetheRoyalTribunalin Berlin.TheAct24and25Henry VIII.madetheKingoutrightHead oftheChurch,andbyonestrokeall jurisdictionformerlybelongingtothe PopewastransferredtotheCrown. Thiswasintelligible.TheFalcklaws areindirectandcircuitous.Theycompasswhattheydonotclaim.They suspendallspiritoaljurisdictiononthe civilpower,andmaketheSovereign

absoluteinmattersofreligion. Whatisthisbut"DivusCmsar?" Itisthere-unitinginonepersonofthe twopowerswhichGodboa'operated, andadenial,notonlye!thesupremacy ofthespiritualpoweroftheChurchof Christ,butadenialthatanysuch spiritualpowerofDivineinstitution existsuponearth.This,aswehave seen,wasformallyenunciatedbythe EmperorinhislettertothePope. Now,wemightatfirstsightwonder howsuchapreposterousclaimcould havebeensetupinthe19thcentury. Butthereareagenciesatworkwhich willaccountforit.First,thereis, perhaps,nocountryingaropefrom whichtheChristianfaithhasbeenmore completelywipedoutthanPrussia.It becameChristianinthe13thcentury itfellintotheLutheranheresyinthe 16thithasdevelopedintosimple rationalismintheeducated,andinto materialismamongthemillionsofthe people.TheideaofaChurchwith spiritualauthorityissimplyeffaced. Thecivilpower,withitsmilitary organization,isthesoleidealofpower beforetheeyesandthemindsofthe ProtestantpopulationofPrussia.The possiblefusionoftheLutheransandthe CalvinistsintoanEvangelicalChurch haspreparedthemforthereturnofthe oldrule-csjusregioejusreligio. WehaveseenhowthevividconsciousnessoftheDivineauthorityand officeoftheChurchhasrestrainedand savedItalyfromgreatertevoluticalty excesses.Thereisnothingofthiskind torestrainortosavePrussia.Li rejectingtheChurchofGod,itis deifyingCesar.Wearegoingback intothebarbarismoftheOldWorld. Andthisisnotsaidasamerestrokeof rhetoricorofcontroversy.Therehas beenforsometimeaschoolofwriters inGermanylabouringtorestorethe ByzantineCoesarism.Justasthe juristswerethesatellitesofthe mediaevalEmperorsofGermauy,and asMachiavelliandGravinaandHobbes havebeentheapostlesofRoyalsupremaciesandmodernErastianisin,sothe schoolknownatMunichasByzantines hasbeenpreparingthewayforthe ImperialprimacyofBerlin. The Byzantinesgottheirnamefromtheir literarylaboursupontheGreekChurch, andthecanonlawofthePatriarchate ofConstantinople.Theysofaraffected theGovernmentofMunichastoinduce ittomeddlewiththeseminariesofthe Bishops.Itwasthisschool,together withcertainpersonsoncehonoured amongstus,whousedPrinceHohenlohe astheirmouthpieceinconspiring againsttheVaticanCouncil.After thistheirecclesiasticalpoliticswere carriedtoBerlin,andtheGovernment ofPrussiawastherebyledtocommit itselftothepatronageofthe"Old Catholic"heresy.Likeallheretics, theyshelteredthemselvesunderthe civilpower,andflattereditintothe attempttocarryouttheirByzantine ErastianismagainsttheCatholicChurch intheEmpire.

Finally,thereisanotheragency whichhasbeenfarmorepotentthanall othersinbringingaboutthispresent persecution.Thereisnomanner-of doubtthatthesectofFreemasonshas beenlonglabouringtobreakupthe religioussettlementinGermany.The PeaceofWestphaliasecuredthepolitical statusofChristianity,thoughdivided intoCatholicandProtestant.The Freemasonsdesiredtheoverthrowof both.Theythoughtthatthetimewas cometocompletewhattheThirty Years'Warleftunfinished.They believedthattheCatholicsinGermany, weakenedbytheoverthrowfirstof

AustriaandnextofFrance,wesild easilyfallunderthepowerofthe EvangelicalEmpire,asPrincevon $iamarokmillsit.I butespaatiati hisownwords.InthePrussianHouse ofPeers,in1870,hespokeasfollows:"Peacebegantobedisturbedafter thewarinAustria,afterthefallin1866 ofthePowerwhichwasthebulwarkof theRomaninfluenceinGermany,and whenthefutureofanEvangelical Empireshoweditselfclearlyonthe horizonofGermany.Alltranquillity waslostwhenthesecond-rateCatholic PowerinEuropehadfollowedinthe wayofitspredecessor,andGermany becamethefirstgreatmilitary.Power forthemoment,and,accordingtothe willofGod,foralongtime."

DoesPrincevonBismarckfearfor thestabilityofthefirstgreatmilitary Poweroftheworld?Whatcouldthe CatholicsofGermanydoagainsthim? Whatwouldtheyeverhavedesired butitsperpetualstability,ifithadonly dealtjustlywiththem,accordingtothe existinglaws?PrincevonBismarck createsresistancebypersecution,and thenpleadsthatresistancetojustify thepersecutionwhichhascalledupthnt resistance.Therewasnoresistanceto theexistinglawsastheystoodbefore thenewFeicklegislation.Itcannot bedoubtedthattheobjectoftheFalck lawsistorenderimpossibletheexistenceoftheCatholicChurchinGermany -thatistoexterminateit.Isaythis becausenoCat:wlic,withoutsinagainst God,canobeytheselaws.Everyman whoobeysthemceasesinthatmoment tobeaCatholic.Canwe,then,fora momentimaginethatPrincevonBismarckwasnotawareofthis?Thathe actedinignorance,orunconsciously,or onmisjudgement?Thathesolittle knowstheCatholicdoctrineanddisciplineastoexpectobedience?He doesnotdesireit.Hewishedfora pretextandhasmadeit.Nobodycan doubtthatheknewtothefullextent theviolationofconscienceandoffaith whichhewasinflicting.Theselaws canbenootherwiseunderstoodthanas adeliberateschemetorenderitimpossibleforCatholicstoobey,thatthey mightthenbeaccusedanddealtwith asresistingtheauthorityoftheEmperor. ButinthistheastutenessoftheGerman Chancellorhasoverreacheditself.If theFalcklegislationhadbeensuchas aCatholiccouldbyanysubterfuge obey,eventhoughitsinjurytothe Churchwereneversogreat,thenthe nationsofEuropemighthavebeen misledintocondemningtheCatholicsof Germanyascontumaciousandrefractory.Butatthistimenotanationin EuropecommendstheFalcklaws.A handfulofstrangely-assortedpersons aboutayearagowentonapilgrimage tooffertheirincensetoPrincevon Bismarckonhispenallaws.They werepeersandgentlemen,FreeBirk menandLiberals,andthepreachersof "ourgloriousRevolution"andofcivil andreligionsliberty;andnowweare informedthatthedelegatesofcitiesand townsinEnglandaretomeetnext monthunderthepresidencyofEarl Russelltoexpresssympathywith PrincevonBismarckinhispersecution ofCatholicsandinhisviolationof religiousliberties,whichforhalfa centuryhasbeenthespecialpolitical cryofthenobleEarl.Weareaparadoxicalpeople,andsomewhattoo recklessofwhattheoutsideworldmay thinkofourpoliticalincohorencies. Butitiswelltoseehowweare regardedfromwithout. dePres, sense,indenouncingthe persecution,hasgivento warningwhichIhopewilln*,

uponus.InlastMay,afterdetailing theinjusticeoftheecclesiasticallegislationofPrussia,headded:"Thatwhichismoregraveisthat (public)opinionismisledeven'in countrieswhich,likeEngland,arethe classiclandsofreligiousliberty.The religiouspolicyoftheGermanEmperor receivesinEnglandcongratulations whichwemustbepermittedtolook uponasscandalous.Weknowthatthe EnglishParliamentwouldnotallow anyoneofthelawspassedatBerlinto beevendiscussed,butitisnotright toapplaudthatwhichwewouldnotdo. Weoughtmorethanevertoraiseabove sectarianpassions,andtoremindourselvesthatthepersecutionwhichstrikes thatwhichisourcommongood,and oursoleguaranteeintheconflictof ideasandbeliefs-Imeantheliberty ofconscience."

Wehavenowtracedinoutlinethe threeCresarisms-thePaganCmsarism, theChristian,andthemodern,whichI mustdescribeastheCresarismofthe lastageofcivilpowerlapsingorlapsed fromChristianity.Butitismorethan timetomakeanend,IhopethatI havemadeclearthatChristianityhas redeemedmanandsocietyfromCmsarism-thatis,fromtheunlimited despotismofmanoverman-andthat BOlongasthetwopowers,spiritualand civil,arevestedindistinctpersonsthe libertyofconscienceandthelibertyof religion,aswellasthelibertyofman inhispublicorprivatelife,aresecured; thatwheresoeverthecivilpoweror Sovereignusurpsuponthespiritual libertyoftheChurchandeffectsto exerciseasupremacyoverit,allliberties areatstake-thelibertyofconscience, thelibertyofreligion,thedomestic libertyoffamilies,andthepolitical libertyofcitizens.UnderCmsarismall kindsoffreedomalikeareviolated.

thattherecusantshavenotactedin accordancewiththerubrics,orhive violatedtheengagementsbywhichthey boundthemselvesonreceivingAnglican Orders,theauthorityhasbeenabsolutelysetatnought.TheDailyTelegraph ingeniouslyremarksthattheRitualists findthemselvesinthepositionof arailwaycompany,whichdeclinesto fulfiltheobligationsoftheActof Parlimentwhichauthorizesitsexistence.' Howeverinspiteoftheabsenceofmeans toputdowntherebellion,theEnglish primatehasnotbeendiscouraged.It hasoccuredtohimthatperchancealittle legislativeactionmaysupplytheabsence ofmoralinfluence.HisgracehasthereforepresentedtotheUpperHousea Billwhosepurportistorenderlegal measuremorepromptandless expensiveinfutureagainstthedisobedientecclesiastics.TheBillhasnot receivedthefullapprobationofthe BishopofLincoln;butthatisasmall difficultyandwillbeovercome.Its ultimatesuccesscannotbedoubtful. Itisaseriousstruggle,butithas begun;weareabouttowitnessanew phaseofthegreatdisorderswhichowe theirorigintoMartinLuther.The Ritualistsarenowplacedbetweentwo alternatives;ontheonehandaterrible andcompleteoverthrowiftheyremain intheirpresentposition;andonthe otherhandthatTruthtowardswhich theyhavealreadymadeanadvanceall nowdependsontheircourageandthe graceofGod."

CHRISTIANITYlitJAPAN.

Thefollowinginterestingletterhas beenaddressedbytheRev.C.WalworthtotheRev.F.Hewit,ofNew York:Yokohama,March7,1874.

ThenaturalantagonistofCmsarism istheChristianChurch,withallits libertiesofdoctrineanddiscipline,of faithandjurisdiction;and tionofthelibertiesoftheChurchin theirhighestandmostsacredformis Ultrarrionsanism.Thereforetheworld hatesit.Thereforeitnowrailsagainst itinallitstonesandwithallits tongues."DivusCxsar"and"Vicarius Christi,"aretwopersons,andtwo powers,andtwosystems,between whichtherecanbenotonlynopeace butnotruce.Theyhavecontended for1,800years.InGermanytheyare lockedoncemoreinconflict.Theissue iscertain.Thesamewhohavealways conqueredbeforewillconqueragain, Where,now,aretheEmperorsof Rome,Germany,andFrance?But PeterisstillinhisSee,andPeternow isPiusIX.

FRENCHVIEWOFTHEATTACK UPONTHERITUALISTS.

TheEstablishedChurchofEngland withitsmanydifferentviewsofreligion isaproblemtomostforeigners.M. AlexandreDelonchewritesasfollowsin theUniversontheArchbishopof Cantebury'sBilltoputdownRitualism:-"Weallknowwhoaremeantby theEnglishRitualists-thosemodern schismaticsofAnglicanism;wehave heardoftheireffortstorestoretotheir Churchthereligiouspracticesinuse beforethepretendedReformation.The ArchbishopofCanterburyhasjust broughtthemtothebaroftheHouseof Lords.HisGracelaystotheircharge certaincrimes,enormousenoughinall conscience.Theofficiatingministers pronounceinalowvoicecertainportions oftheDivineService;theyofferprayers totheVirginMary,and,horrorof horrors,theyhaveconfessionalswhere confessionsareheard!Itisnotacase CarthageatthegatesofRome,but RomeherselfintheveryheartofLondon. Theremedyforsuchastateofthings isnotsosimpleasonemightimagine. Itiswellknownthattheministersof theEstablishedChurch,faithfulinthis mattertotheprinciplesofProtestantism, live,asregardtotheirBishops,ina comfortablepositionofalmost absoluteindependence.TheBishops remonstratedaily,butnotthesmallest attentionispaidtothem.Asfor menacestheireffectissimplynil.In vainhasthejudicialCommitteeofthe riivyCouncilatvarioustimesdecided

IsaidalittlewhileagothatIdidnot knowofChristianityhavingspreadinearlier daystothispartoftheisland.Fromtine Rev.PerePettier,whohasjustleftmy room,InowknowthatitdidextendtoYedo whichisonlytwentymilestothenorthward onthesamecoastandinthesamebay.Only afewdaysagooneoftheFathersofthe YedoSeminarydiscoveredinthatcitya smallbridge,calledbythepeoplethe ChrigianBridge;andnearbyitadeclivity orsidehillwhichgoesbythenameof Christians'Hill,andwhichcontainsthe graveofaChristianmartyr.Thepagan populationhavenotonlypreservedthis tradition,andtheserooms,but,whatisfar moreremarkable,theyconsiderthespotto besacred.Theycometheretopray,and,if theirstatementsmaybetrusted,these prayersaresometimesansweredbythe healingoftheirdiseases,andinparticular bytherestoringofsighttotheblind.There ismoreoverinthesamecityastreetwhich hasalwaysbornethenameoftheChristian street. ItiswellknowntotheCatholicMissionariesthatCatholicsarestilltobefoundin thenorthernpartofthisisland.Nutlong sinceanattemptwasmadetoestablisha communicationwiththem,andfurnishthem withapriest.Acatechistwentupthere, andcommencedaschool.Hethenpetitioned thegovernmentforpermissiontobringone oftheFathersoftheMissionEtrangeresto hisschoolasprofessor,whichwasatfirst granted.Thiswasnotfavourabletothe viewsofcertainofficialsoftheliussian empirewhichlovesJapanasbearslove honey.Theyrepresentedthattheobject ofthepetitionwasnottopromoteeducation, buttoteachreligion,andtheJapanese authoritieswereinducedtoretracttheir permission.

withthenativeCatholicsoutsideofthe treatylimits,wouldarousethejealousyof theGovernment,anddrawdownitsanger upontheirheads. IshallnotattempttogiveyouanydescriptionofJapanortheJapanese.Inasty oftwelvedaysinastrangecountry,one doesnotbecomeverylearned,althoughhe seesagreatdealthatisnovelandinteresting. WehavebeentoYedo,whichliesonly twentymilestothenorthward,andwehave beentoKamakura,whichisaboutthesame distancetothesouthward,andissaidtohave beenoncethecapitaluntilitwasdestroyed byanearthquakeaccompaniedbyanirruptionofthesea.Wehaveseenthegreat sphinx-likebronzeidolofDaibootz,who boldshisheadsomeseventyfeethigh(soI amtold,butIcouldnotmeasureit).He hasthesamebrooding,introvertedlook whichcharacterizesthesphinx.Wewent insideofhimbutdidnotfindmuchthere worthcontemplating.Exteriorlyregarded howeverheisagrandthingtosee,andreally awonderfulpieceofart.Itisafarmore colossalfigure'thanthegreatstatuteof BavariaatMunich,forthatisstanding whileDiabootsisrepresentedinasitting posture,Wesawfromtheeastward,aswe enteredthegulfofYedo,thesacredmountain Fusiyania,14,000feethigh,withitsfootin thesea,anditsheadhoodedwithsnow,a perfectconeofgrandeurandbeauty,and superiortoanythingofthekindIhaveever seenorhaveeverconceived.Wehave wanderedaboutamongthenativebooths bothinYedoandYokohama,andseenmuch thatisstrange,curious,beautiful.Butit wouldtaketoomuchbothofspaceandtime totellofthesethingsastheyshouldbetold, andIthereforeleaveitalluntilsomeday when,Godwilling,wetwomayhavethe privilegetositoncemoreandtalkthetime awayatleisure.Forthepresent,farewell andmayGodhaveusbothinHisholykeepinguntilwemeetagain.Everfaithfully, yourfriedandbrother, C.A.WALWORTH.

DearRev.Father,-Itrustthatlongbefore thisyouhavereceivedmyletterwrittenat Cairo,inwhich1endeavouredtogiveyouin sonicsort,agraphicrepresentationofthe Copticritesastheyappeartotheeyesofan unitiatedobserver.Thepresentletterfinds weonanothergroundofequalinterestto CatholicChristians,namelythemartyr-field ofJapan.Isendyouafewitemsofintelligence,hastilyenoughpickedupandjumbled together,whichmayneverthelesshavesomethingoftheattractionofnovelty.Ton:e, atleast,thereisaholycharminthethought thatIamiuJapan;andasIsayleyearly morningmassesintirelittleCatholicChapel ofYokohama,beneaththestatueofSt. FrancisXavier,Icaneasilyfancymyself surroundedbyinvisibleeyesthatwatchover thissacredsoilwithintenseinterestasthe sceneoftheirmissionarylabours,andIfeel thatthebreathofmartyrsisintheair.I donotmeantosaythatanyearlyCatholic historyisconnectedwiththeprecisespot whereInowwrite.Iamnotawarethatthe earlymissionariespenetratedtothissideof theIslandofNipon,nordoIknowthe contrarybutthisIknow-thatIamin Japan,andthatthenamesofneighbouring townsandislandswhichIhearpronounced ineveryday'sdiscourse,arcfamiliarnames inthehistoryofSt.FrancisXavier,andof theearlymissionariesandmartyrsofJapan. IwilltellyoupersonallyallIknowofthe remainsofthisearlierChristianity.First, however,afewwordsinregardtowhatthe CatholicChurchisdoinghereinourday.

TheMissionsinJapanwerere-openedin 1658bytheFrenchMissionariesoftheCongregationcalledDesMissionsEtrangeres,an OrderdistinguishedintheAnnalsofthe PropagationoftheFaith,andwhich,tothe bestofmyknowledgeandbelief,hasgiven moremartyrstotheChurchinourdaythan anyothersociety.TheseFathersatfirst commencedtheirlaboursononeofthesmall islandsSouthofNagasakicalledLooChoo. In1860,whenbytreatieswithdifferent nationsJapanwasopenedtosomeextentto foreignoccupationandcommerce,the FatherscametoYokohama,thencalled ICanagawa.Theynownumberthirtymissionaries,andhavesevenstations,namely, atNagasaki,Kobi,Osaka,Yokohama,Yedo orTokio,HakodateandNiigata.Theyare presidedoverbyMonsignorI'etitjeanfrom Autun,inFrance,bothasSuperiorofthe OrderandasBishop.TheChurchand MissionatYokohama,wheretheBishop resides,iscommittedtothemoreimmediate chargeoftheRevPerePettier,whohas learnedtospeakandpreachinEnglish,and devoteshispersonalattentiontotheforeign population.

Eachofthetownsabovenamed(Yedo excepted),haveabouttwentymilessquare assignedtothembytreatyaslimitswithin whichforeignersareallowedtoreside,and beyondwhichtheymustnotventurewithout anespecialpermissionandpassportofthe government.This,ofcourse,constitutes alsotheboundariestowhichthelaboursof themissionaryarerestricted.ThegovernmentisespeciallyjealousofallChristianity, andstandsreadytocheckanyappearanceof successfulpropagationofit,althoughtoa certainextentitistolerated.Christian schoolsarenotallowedbylaw.TheCatholic SeminaryatYedoexistsonlybytoleration, andthefirststudentsweretakenintothe houseinthenominalcapacityofservants.

Itwas,however,intheSouthernpartsof JapanthatSL.FrancisXavierandthe missionarieswhofollowedinhisfootsteps hadsucceededbestintheestablishmentof theCatholicfaith,andthereitisonewould mostnaturallylookforanyremaining evidencesoftheirwork.Duringavisitof Mgr.PetitjeantoNagasakiin1864,hesaw onedayintheMissionChurchanold Japanesewoman,whowasprayingbeneath astatueoftheBlessedVirgin.Something peculiarinhermannerattractedhisattention,andonenquiring,hediscoveredthat shedidnotbelongtoNagasaki,andwasnot knowntoanyofthe'missionariesShe seemedtobeafraidtobespokento,and answeredquestionswithgreatreluctance. On'Klingpressedsheacknowledgedthatshe hadareligionwhichwasnotlikethereligion ofthecountry.]holy hadtaughtithi theland,sinesaid,longlongago,butthese werealldeadandgone,andtherewereno teachersofherreligionleft.Beingconfident thatsiteinasaCatholic,andonethatderived herLothfromtheoldplantation,theBishop endeavouredtoassureher.Iletoldher thatheknewallabouttheseearlyteachers, thathehimselfwasapriestofthesame religion,andthatheandotherslikehimhad cometopreachthatreligiononcemore,and establishtheoldworshipagainamongst them.Itwasnotuntilshehadcatechized himverycloselythatshegavehimfull confidence,andbecamesatisfiedthatshewas inatrueCatholicchurch,andinpresenceof areal-eriest.Shethenacknowledgedopenly thatshewasaChristian,andsaidthatthe neighbouringislandswerefullofotherslike herselfwhoheldtothatFaiththough secretlyandinconstantfearofpersecution. Shehadheardofthearrivalofstrange missionariesatNagasaki,andhadcomethere, thoughwithgreatfearandcaution,toseeif perhapstheywerenotlikethosewhohad broughttheFaithtoJapanthreehundred yearsbefore.Joyfullynowshereturned hometoannouncethegladtidingstothe rest.Themissionariessoonfoundthemselvessurroundedbyamultitudeofnative Christians,veryignorantindeedofmany thingsbelongingtotheirreligion,butneverthelessclingingtoitmostfirmlyandaffectionately.Abouttwelvethousandofthese havethusfarreportedthemselvesinthe smallislandsnearNagasaki.Butunhappily theenthusiasmwithwhichtheycrowdedto welcometheFathers,arousedtheattention oftheJapanesegovernment,andgaverise toanewpersecution.Greatnumbersofthe nativeChristianswerearrestedandimprisoned.TheycouldnolongercometoNagasaki withoutpunishment,norweretheFathers allowedtovisitthemattheirhouses.Itis supposedthatatleastsixtythousandmore CatholicsareinJapanwhoareafraidto makethemselvesknown.Withoutpriests, withoutanyauthorisedorqualifiedteachers, withoutanymeansofofferingtheChristian Sacrifice,ormaintaininganypublicworship, withoutthesuccourandconsolationofthe sacraments,andallthewhileinconstant dreadandfearofpersecution,isitnot wonderfulthatthispoorhuntedandisolated bandofbelieversshouldhavemaintainedthe Catholicfaithforsomanygenerations? Onlyonesacramentwaslefttothem-the sacramentofBaptism,andthishasbeen perpetuatedamongstthembyaclassofmen whomtheycallBaptizers,whoknowwhatis requisitetovalidbaptismandtransmitthe knowledgetoothers. Itistobehopedthaterelongthese JapaneseChristianswillbeabletocommunicatefreelywiththemissionarieswhoareso nearthem.Atpresentthosewhocomeover toNagasakitovisitthechurch,tohearmass andreceivethesacraments,dareonlycome bynight,andareinstructedtocomein bandsofnotmorethantwentyatonetime. WhentheFathersgototheislandstovisit thesick,itisbynightalso,anddressedin thenativecostume;anyopenattemptto propagatetheFaithoreventocommunicate

THEDEFEATOFTHECARLISTS.

Wehavenotyetreceivedanyexplanation ofwhathastakenplaceatBilbao,andwedu notknowitsconsequence,whetheritisa totalrout,oramereaccidentofwar.Ifthe republicanscannotfollowuptheirvictory theadvantageistritlivg,andwillbebutof shortduration.Theyareatthelastgasp, andtheCarlist,onthecontrary,arebut beginning.Thelatterhavewithinthema principleofaction whichis notexhausted.NeitherthechiefnorIts soldierssillallowthemselvestobecastdown. Afterabattlethereisalwayssomething whichgoesbythenameofvictory.Those whotakepossessionofadisputedterritory, winogatherupthefallencolours,andwhose enemieshavedisappearedIeforethem,may, will,beliesethatthevictoryiswiththem. Butlookalittlefurther,andseewhatconies ofthisvictory.Godknows,andGodalone. Veryoftenitisagreatfollytosinga"Te Deutii."Godgivestothevictoryconsequencedwhichthevictorsmayhavelongto mourn.OfallthebattlesoftheEmpire andoftherevolution,Ofalltheirtriumphs, civilandmilitary,bywhichtheprideof theirheartshassomuchpuffedup,whathas beenlefttothevictors?Thesamemen havelivedtoseeboththeirprosperity,and thefearfulreverseswhichhavestruckthem down,becausejusticewasnotontheiraide. Amanmusthavejusticeonhissideorhe hasnothing.Justicewasnotwiththe Revolution,itwasnotwithNapoleon,ithas notbeenwithotherdespoilers,anditisnot withSerrano.Whocanbeassuredofatrue victoryinthisagesofullofvictories?The mostcertain,evenhumanlyspeakingisthat ofjustice,whichhasmetwithnothingbut defeat,andyetsurvivesthemall.The Revolutionhascarriedoutitspolicyagainst theChurchandagainsttheChristian monarchy.Nowwithoutspeakingofthe Churchinadivineandeternalsense,aperiod ofbloodandfirehaspassedoverherwithout havinghadthepowertodisarrangeasit wereasinglefoldintheveiloftheSisterof Charity,withoutsnatchingthecrozierfrom thehandsoftheBishop,withouttouching thetiaraonthebrowoftheSovereignPontiff. Thesethingshavegrownrather,andthe Revolutionhaslearnedtofeelthatitwillbe abletokeepnothingthatreligiondoesnot itselfsanctify.Itispreciselythesamefor theChristianmonarchy.Afterallisweighed therevolutionistknowswellthatitisthe Christianmonarch,theKingsupportedby andobedienttotheChurch,whowillbethe salvationoftheworldthattherecanbeno other,andthat,searchastheymay,theywill neverfindanyother.Howisitpossiblenot tofeelthatLouisXVI.atthismomentisa livingman,ratherthanNapoleon,oreven M.Ledru-Rollin,oreventheinvincible Serrano?.Doubtlesstheymaybeinvincible, butjusticeisalivingprinciple.Toconfess thisisholyanditisalsowise.Hewho desirestoconquer,lethimpersevereinthe causeofjnstice,andthenlethimbecontent todie.-Univers.

VINTOFTHEQUEENTOCHNELHU8RT.HerMajestytheQueen,accompaniedbythe PrincessBeatrice,paidavisitonSaturdayto theEmpressEugenieatChiselhurst.From CamdenHousetheQueenandthePrincess droveacrossthecommontotheChurchof St.Maryandinspectedthemausoleumofthe EmperorNapoleon.HerMajestywas receivedattheChurchbytheRev.Father, Goddard,andbeforeleavingdeposited wreathsuponthetombofthelateEmperor.

THEAMERICANPILGRIMAGE.

attention.Thefollowingisatranslation:-

OnMonday,the8thofJune,the AmericanPilgrimsarrivedinRoweby wayofCivitaVecchia.Theyhadleft NewYorkonthe16thofMay,having receivedfromArchbishopMcCloskeya farewelladdress,andfromtheCatholics ofthatcitywarmdemonstrationsof sympathy.Theytookpassagefrom NewYorktoHavreinthesteamer Pereire;and,ondeparture,greatcrowds assembledtowishthemGodspeed. Theexelusiveuseofoneofthecabins hadbeensecuredforthePilgrimsin orderthattheymightperformtheir devotionsduringthevoyagewithoutdisturbance.But,owingtosomemistake, theCaptainhadnotbeeninformedof thisarrangement,andthepilgrimswere inconsequencemuchinconveniencedby thepresenceintheirCabinofseveral personswhoseemeddeterminedtoshow asmuchaspossibletheirwantofsympathywiththeirCatholicfellowpassengers.AtParisalsotherewas somedifficultyinfindingsuitablehotel accommodation.Thepilgrimsafter visitingthesanctuariesinFrance,proceededtoRome,wheretheymetatthe railwaystationbyDr.Chatard,Mgr. Nadi,andseveralfriends,whoconductedthevoyagerstotheAlbergodella Minerva,AlbergodiRoma,andother firstclasshotels.onTuesdaymornsng theyhadtheirfirstandienaofthePope intheConsistoryHallatabout12 o'clocknoon.Betweenclergymen,laymen,andladiestheynumberedconsiderablyover100.Eachpilgrimwore onhisbreasttheemblemoftheSacred Heart.HisHolinessonenteringthe Hallwasaccompaniedbyanunusual numberofCardinals,Prelatesand Chamberlainsallanixonstoseethe Americanpilgrims.OftheCardinals presentmaybenamedSacchoni, Franclii,Uiibert,l'itra, borrumeo,Bilio,DeLuca,and Bernardi,andamongtheprelateswere neticeable,Mgri.:Marinelli,DeMerode Howard,Stonor,Catahli,Ricci,Pacca, NardiandSanininiatelli.Dr.Chatard, 1lgr.Kirby,ProfessorSmith,Rev. JamesMaher,theAbbe,Clareand GeneralKanzlerandhiswifewerealso present,aswellasseveraloftheleading AmericanresidentsinRome.ThePore cordiallywelcomedthepilgrims,with someofwhombewaspersonally acquaintedandwithwhomheentered intoconversaticn.Hethentookhis seatonthethroneandtheBishopof FortWayne,Dr.Dwenger,asheadof thePilgrimage,readanaddressin Latinofwhichthefollowingisa transalation:-

MOH.HOLYFATHER,-Yonseeatyour feetcertainAmericanpilgrimsfromdifferent DiocesesoftheUnitedStatesandCanada. Wecomefromafreecountry,whereliberty iswellunderstood,forwearenotpersecuted; onthecontrary,weenjoythefullestliberty ofconscience.Wehaveleftourcountry, ourhomes,andourbusinessinordertolay atyourfeetourhearts,ourpossessions,and ourlives,ifyoushouldrequirethem. Wedesiredfromanearpointofviewto contemplatethatglowwhichdoesnot emanatefromprincesorpeoplesofthis world,butwhichisareflectionfromGod HimselfandfromtheCrosswhichshinesin theaureolasurroundingyourhead.Our wordscannotexpressallthatsubmission, respect,andloveforyourHolinesswhich ourhearts,beatinginunison,contain. Thegreateryourafflictionthemorepowerfullywearemovedtoloveyou.Weare consoledbythethoughtthatyouundergo thecommonlotofthejust,forthejustonly arepersecuted.WeprayGodmeanwhile thatyourchainsmaybebroken,andyour persecutors,theireyesopenedtothelight, andacknowledgingtheirerrors,becompelled toretracetheirstepsandmakerestitution ampleandcomplete. Bywayofpreparationforthevisitwhich weproposedtomaketoYourHoliness,we, whobelongtoacountryspeciallydevotedto theVirginImmaculate,thoughtitourduty firsttorepairtoLourdes,tobendbefore theSanctuaryofHerwhosesinlessConceptionwasdefinedbyyou.OurMostHoly Mother,adoptingthattitle,wishedatone andthesametime,toattesttheverityofthe dogmaoftheImmaculateConception,andto provetoscepticsyourinfallibilityasHead oftheChurch,inasmuchastoyouweowe theincorporationofthatdogmainourcreed. Inthecontinentnotlongdiscoveredinthe ocean,andfromwhichwecome,theCatholic Faithispropagatedinamannertruly miraculous.Youcannotbeastonishedatthe affectionwhichAmericansfeelforyou,the firstandonlyPope/thosefeethavetrodden Americansoil.Sincesomanyprotestations ofobedienceandlovereachyoufromall pointsoftheglobe,webelievethehourto benotfardistantwhenthereshallbebut oneFoldandoneShepherd.We,thefirst pilgrimsfromAmericatoRome,havecome hither,nottoofferyourichpresents,but whatismoreprecious,oursentimentsoflove andobedience.Foryouandourfaithwe arereadytounderg)anysacrifice.MayGod preserveyoustilllongertobetheheadof ourChurch.YouhaveseentheyearsofSt. Peter.Godgrantyoutobeholdthetriumph oftheChurch.HolyFather,wenow, prostrateatyourfeet,imploreyourloveand benedictionforourcountry,ourfamilies, andourselves,andhumblyprayyouto acceptourlowlyofferings.

HisHolinessrepliedasfollows,speakinginItalian:-

denominationsspreadoverthevastsurface oftheStates,wecannotbutpraytoGodto shedthelightoftruthuponsomanymillions ofsoulsthattheytoomayenjoythefruitsof DivineRedemption.MayGodfromonhigh blessthesefewwordsofHisunworthyVicar. Joinyourprayerswithmine,thatworkmen maybemultipliedforthegreatharveftof souls.MayGodre-conductyouhomewards filledwiththespiritofHislove,andmay thatspiritbediffusedthroughoutyourfamilies,andinfluenceyourrelatives,friends,and fellowcitizens.Mayyoubehappyinseeing yourchildrengrowupinthefearofGod, andmayyourbusinessprosperinyourhands. Myblessingbeonyourvastcontinentto renderiteverworthierofheavenlyfavours. Letmybenedictionaccompanyyouinyour returntoyourcountry,followyouinyour voyageoflife,andbewithyouinthehour ofdeathatthatmomentwhenyoumust deposityoursoulsinthehandsofGodto praiseHimandblessHimforeverandever.

Thepilgrimsthenkneltdown,while theholyFatherimpartedtothem solemnlytheApostolicalBenediction. ThePopeafterwardswentamongthe Assemblyandconversedwiththe pilgrimsindividually.ThegiftspresentedtotheHolyFatheronthisoccasionamountedtoabout£12,000.

FatherDeMeulderbroughtagoldheadedcane,thehollowpartofwhich wasfilledwithgoldcoins,asanofTering fromtheNegroesinhisparish.

MOST110LYFATHER.-Prostratebefore thefeetofyourHolinessyoubeholdyour children,whocomeindeedfromafar,but fromtheWest,andwho,inthesedaysof affliction,havefearedneitherthesea,the desertnortheimmenselengthoftheir journey,iutheirdesiretobeholdinyou, HolyPeter,FatherofalltheFaithful,and PontifftrulySupreme-supremeinlabours andpersecutions,supremeinpatience,hope andconfidenceinGod.Nosineverlonged tobeholdabelovedfatherwithgreater desirethanthatwithwhichwelongedto beholdyourHoliness,andthisourdesire wasnotlessenedbutincreasedbydistance. Wehavenotdesertedyouinyourabandonmentbytheprincesoftheearth,andinyour imprisonment;butonthecontraryhave comefromthefarthestpartsoftheworldto professinthefaceoftheuniverseourfaith, devotion,andofediencetoyouastheinfalliblepastoroftheentireChurch,thecentre oftineunityofourbelief,andtheRockon whichtheChurchofGodisbuilt.Wepray thatbyyou,worthysuccessorofSt.Peter, ourfaithmaybeconfirmedandincreased. Beholdthedaylongdesired,inwhichweare enabledtolookuponyou,ourmostbeloved Father,andtoreceiveyourApostolical benedfetion,notforourselvesonly,butfor allofourswhocannotbehereinperson,yet whointheirdistanthomesofferwithtears theirsupplicationsuntoGodinbehalfofyou theprisoner.They,alongwithus,professing thesesentiments,andbeingloversoftrue civilliberty,condemnwiththeirwholeheart thetyrannicalpersecntionoftheChurchof God,setonfootbythoseboastersoffalse liuerty,whowishtorenderthesoulandthe consciencesubject,nottoGod,buttothe civilpowers.Permit,HolyFather,another pilgrimtoexpressbriefly,inthenameofthe laity,ourdevotion.

UponthisJudgeTheardstepped forwardandwithaclearvoiceand expressiveaction,readanaddressin French,towhichtheHolyFather,and allpresent,listenedwiththegreatest

AtthemomentwhentheChurchofJesus Christisassailedbysomanydifferent enemies,whentheChurchseemscoveredby cloudsanddarkness,atthatsamemoment Godbyhisomnipotentbreathchasesaway thedarknessanddemonstratestotheentire worldthebeaconwhichguidesuspilgrims uponearth,andpointstousthepathleading tothehavenofsafety.Differentfoes endeavourtodarkentheChurchinvarious ways.Someobscureitwillsinventionsand hypocrisies.Oneimpioussetstrivesto introduceitselfintotheverysanctuaryand pretendnotonlytoregulateritesand disciplinebuteventheverydogmasofthe SpouseofChrist.Othersadoptdisdain, contempt,andsarcasm,inordertoputin ridiculeallthesacredthingswhichthey neitherknoworunderstand.Othersagain, stillmorefierce,wouldtakeupthesword andpersecutecruellytheChurchofChrist. ThisChurch,however,willneverbefound wantingtoitself,foritisbasedonarock whichcannotbemoved,andforthisreason isto-dayanobjectofmarveltotheworld, toangels,andtomen.TheChurchispersecutedeverywhere,inherclergyandinher people,butherfirmnesscompelshervery persecutorstoexclaim,Wedidnotexpectto findsomuchfaithinIsrael.

DoInotsaythetruth?Arenotyou yourselvesasplendidtestimonyofthistruth? Yes,ImaysaywiththeprophetIsaias, "Levaincircuituoculostuosetvideomnes isticongregatistintvenerunttibi;filiituiet lungevenient."Thesesonsanddaughters havecomefromdistantlands"aurum deferentesetlaudemDominoannuntiantes." Yes,youfearedneithertheinconvenienceof travelnorthedistanceofthegoaltowards whichyoudirectedyourpath,traversingthe oceanthatyoumightprostrateyourselves beforetheMostpolyVirgininoneofher sanctuariesinFrance,andafterwardscoming toRome,acitydestinedbyGodtobethe seatofHisVicar,andforthisreasonmade amarkfortherageofunbelieversand defiledbyahundredpollutions,yetstillby theOmnipotenthandoftheAlmighty,preservedinitsnoblerparttobeateacherof theFaithandaguardianofthetruth. MayGodbegracioustoyouandtoyour country,soyoungandsovigorous,wherethe productsofnatureandindustrysowonderfullyflourish,andwheretheCatholicreligion enjoysacompleteliberty.Truebelievers multiplyinAmerica,andrepeatedconversionsrendernecessarytheerectionof manynewdioceses.ButwhileweprayGod toblessHisnewvineyard,Weprayalsothat Hemayeliminateeverythinghurtfulwhich doesnotbelongtoHisflock,Whilethere aresomanyvarioussectsofLutherans, Calvinists,Anglicans,Methodists,andother

Ontheeveningofsameday(Tuesday, the9th)thepilgrimswereinvitedto theAmericanCollegebyDr.Chatard, wheretheymetseveralmembersofthe RomanSocietyforCatholicInterests, andCardinalFranchi.Theywerepresentedwithsilvermedals,thegiftofHis Holiness,andwithordersforadmission totheVaticangalleriesandthecrypt. OnThursday,the11th,thePope,with hisownhands,administeredtoallthe pilgrimstheHolyCommunionatan earlyhourinthemorning.Theywere entertainedatdinnerbyDr.Chatardon thesameday,andintheeveningthey repairedtotheapartmentsofCardinal Borromeointheltieripalace.The Cardinallenthisroomsonthisoccasion totheSocietyforCatholicInterests, whichdesiredtoshowhonourtothe pilgrimsbymakingthemhonorary membersoftheSociety,andgivingto eachpilgrimamedalinle.01,ze.specially struck,andbearingononesidetheeffigy ofthePope,withthelegend,PiusIX. Punt.Max.An,XXVI11.Thereverse boretheinscriptionAmeriereboreali FoederatmconstantiaminPetrisede tnetidagratulaturSocietiesRomansRei Cattoliciprovehendm.Romm,mense Junio.A.MDCCCLXXIV.The medalswereaccompaniedbyacopyof theBriefofPiusIX.infavourofthe Society,andbyadiplomaofmembership.Atthisinterestingmeeting CardinalBorromeotickthechair, havingononesideBishopDwenger,and ontheotherPrinceSarsenawhorepressentedtheSocietyofCatholicInterests. Thankswerevotedbythepilgrimsto BishopDwengerforthekindnessand untiringzealhedisplayediudirecting thePilgrimageonitslongandtedious route.Shortspeechesweredeliveredin ItalianbytheCardinalandPrince Sarsena.MonsignorStondrwasthen calleduponbytheCardinaltoexplain morefullyinEnglishthepurportofthe re-unionandtheobjectsoftheSociety. HeobservedthatCardinalBorromeo hadalwaysmostliberallylenthisapartmentsforthereceptionofthevarious deputationswhichhadarrivedinRome fromFrance,Germany,Austria, Switzerland,England,Ireland,Holland, Malta,India,andAustralia.Notless importantwasthepresentdeputation, thefirstwhichhadarrivedfrom America;andtheSocietyforCatholic Interestswasanxioustomarkitsgratitudeforthispilgrimage. You,gentlemen(proceededMonsignor Stonor),havecomefromthefarWest,and havebeenexposedtodangersbyseaand land.Youhavesufferedannoyances,ridicule, andinsults,butinspiteofeverydifficulty youhavegainedthedesireofyourhearts, andhavearrivedinRome,where,prostrate atthefeetoftheHolyFather,youhavein eloquenttermsexpressedtohimyourloyalty, filialloveanddevotion.TheSocietyfor CatholicInterestsappreciatesthisyour perseveranceandconstancy,whichexcites themalicionsFesentmentoftherevolutionary pressinEurope.MonsignorStonorthen statedthatbefore20thofSeptember,1870, Romewasinanexceptionalconditionand didnotrequiretheservicesoflayasseciiitiona,religionandmoralitybeingsufficiently protectedbythelaws.When,however, revolutiontookpossessionofthecity,every meanswereadoptedtodestroybothreligion

andmorality,aninfidelpress,badbooks, obsceneprints,andblasphemouscaricatures beingfreelyemployedtocorruptand demoralizethepeople.Theschoolswere withdrawnfromreligiousinfluences,the ReigiousOrdersweredrivenout,and charitableinstitutionswereputunderlay administrations.Asaremedyagainstthese evilstheSocietyofCatholicInterestswas foundedwithintwomonthsaftertheoccupationofRome,andonthe17thofJanuary, 1871,thePopebyaBrief,enrichedwith indulgences,erectedtheSocietyintoan Arch-Confraternity,comprisingapresident, whoisoneoftheRomanprinces,anda councilwhichiselectedeveryyear.Toe membershonoraryandactive,numberover 6,000,Thirtysub-committeeswatchover localinterestsinvariousparishes.Sixteen primarysehootshavebeenestablishedwherein thousandsofpoorchildrenreceiveareligious education.Thereareseveralsectionsof thissociety.Oneforyoungmenhas500 members,whoformaclubundertheprotectionoftheCardinal,whohasgenerously placedanapartmentattheirdisposal,where theyfindrecreationandgoodCatholic publications.Anothersectionwith1000 membersisforartisansandtradesmen.A thirdsectionischargedwiththeofficeof redeemingfrommilitaryconscriptionecclesiasticalstudents.Afourthsectionaffords relieftoformerservantsofthePontifical Governmentwhorefusedtobetraytheir allegiancetotheirlegitimateSovereign. Thereisalsoasectionchargedwithattending toforeignaffairs,andcorrespondingwith CatholicSocietiesallovertheworld.The societyisengagedineveryworkofpietyand charity,andendeavourstomaintainthat spiritofloyaltyanddevotiontotheHoly Father,forwhichRomeisconspicuous.In vainwereoffersmadetotheRomanaristocracytoabandonthePope.Thenoblesas aclasshaveremainedfirmandtruetotheir allegiance.FewRomansofrankfrequent theQuirinal,butmanyresorttotheVatican oneveryavailableoccasiontooffertheir homage.Themiddleandlowerclassof Humansarelikewiseattachedtotheheadof theirChurch,whomtheyloveandreverence. TherevolutionbroughtintoItalyagentsof corruptionandproselytism.Ofthemany denominationsofProtestantism,atleast twentyestablishedinRomeschoolsand prvachinghouses.Buttheseenemiesof Catholicitydolittlemorethancollectmoney fromfoolishandbigotteddupes,thebulkof whichmoneyisspentupontheagentsthemselves,astheygainnopervertstotheir cause.TherearebailCatholicsinItalyand infidels,butfewProtestants,andItalyis stillatheartanationofCatholics.Such beingthepositionofaffairs,andsuchtieing theaimsoftheSocietyforCatholicInterests, you,gentlemen,canwellunderstandhow muchyouractofpietyandloyaltytowards theHolyFatherhasgainedtheesteemand cordialsympathyofitswenthers.

AfterMonsignorStonor'sspeechthe' medalsanddipolamaswerehandedby CardinalBorromeotothepilgrims individually.Refreshmentswereserved, andamostagreeablere-unionwas terminatedbyavoteofthanksatthe suggestionofBishopDwengerto CardinalBorromeoandtheSociety. Thenumberofgentlemenandladieswho metonthisoccasionintheAltieri Palacecouldnothavebeenlessthan onehundredandsixty.Allthelady membersofthepilgrimagewerepresent.

SUBSCRIPTIONSinaidofthe BuildingFundofST.PATRICK'S Church,Fremantle.

Amountalreadyacknowledged,£11919s.6d. Mr.andMrs.Reilly,Perth 500 Mrs.Burns,N.Fremantle 0100 Donationsthankfullyreceivedand acknowledgedinthe"Record." Fremantle,August29,1874.

ECCLESIASTICALCALENDAR.

SEPTEMBER.

8-TUESDAY.NativityofB.V,Mary.Dayof Devotion. 13-SUNDAY.XVIafterPentecost. Ephe& Gasp.,Lukexiv.1-1LTheHoly NameofMary. 14.-MONDAY.ExaltationoftheHolyCross. 15.-TUESDAY.OctavedayofNativity0141,V. Mary. le.-WEDNESDAY.Ember-day.St.Cornelius. PutandAbstinence. 18.-FRIDAY.Ember-day.StJosephofCupertiniumFastandAbstinence. 19.-SATURDAY.Ember-day.PastandAbet. 20.-SUNDAY.XVIIafterPentecost.Ep.Ephes. iv.1-6;Gosp.,Matt.xxii.31.46.SevenDolours ofB.V.Mary. 21.-MONDAY.St.Matthew,Ap.andEvang. DayofDevotion. 24.-THURSDAY.OurLadyofMercy. 27.-SUNDAY.XVafterPentecost.Bp.,1Con. t.4-8;Gosp.Matt.Ix.1.8. 29.-TUESDAY.StMichael,Archangel.Dayof IN.votIon. 90.WEDNESDAY.StJerome,Doctor. OCTOBER.

1-THURSDAY.Bt.Gregory,beginstheCollects prayeratMass,daily,totheendoftheyear, toprayforagoodhareem2-FRIDAY.FeastoftheGuardianAngela. 4.-SUNDAY.XIXafterPentecost,Sp.Ephea iv.2928;GumMatt.xxii.1-16.bomnityof theHolyRosaryofR.V.Mary. 8.-THUBoDAY.St.Bridget,WU. 6MARTIN()RIVER.

THEWESTAUSTRALIANCATHOLICRECORD,SUNDAY,SEPTEMBER6,1874.

NOTICE.

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AllCorrespondenceforpublicationinthe "RECORD"mustbeaddressedtothe VeryRev.M.Gibney,Episcopal ResidencePerth. Perth,July2nd,1874.

TOOURREADERS.

PersonsdesirousofbecomingSubscriberstothe"CATHOLIC RECORD"candosoonapplicationtoME.C.()MATTONY, Perth.PersonsintheCountry DistrictscanbecomeSubscribers bygivingtheirnamesandpaying theamount,ofSubscriptionto theResidentClergymanofthe Districtinwhichtheyreside. Perth,July2nd,1874.

THEWEST

gkiustralianTathalici1ecord. "Beindefatigableinyourpurpose,andweb undauntedspiritresistiniqultuandtryto conquerevilwithysod,havingbijOreyoureyes therewardpreparedfiwthosewhocombatfor thenameofChrist."-PinsIX.

SUNDAY,SEPTEMBER6,1874.

OURORPHANAGES.

"131mAaretheiu..rtinti:furA..y merry."

ITisourin'ontivo,fr)11t:n t. time,todrawpublicattentiontothe necessityofcontributHgtotiq,,mpoert ofthevaluableInstitutionsnow establishedinPerthandknownasthe Boys'andGirls'Orphanages.These Institutionshavebeen ,! t:. forsomeyears,andthegoodwhich theyhaveeffectedcannowbeseenand mustbeacknowledged.

Toeveryperson\vhopaysa.V;.it.to eitheroftheseInstitatio..-,itmustis' apparentf:umthecyderandcleanliness evAywherevisible,andfromthe healthyandcheerfulappearanceofthe children,thattheircareandmanagementmustentailnoordinarylabor,and theirpropermaintenancebecomean itemofseriousmoment.

households,wetrustweshallhavethe pleasureofnoticinginournext&liberal responsetooursuggestions.

Wewouldremarkthatneither Orphanageshavebeenfavoredwithany veryremarkablylargedonations,nor aretheytobeevenhopedfor;hence thenecessityofextendingevenasmall butcontinuoussupporttotheseInstitutions,andthoughourpeoplelack wealth,wetrusttheywillneverlack generosity.Ourreadersmustremember that,asChristians,itistheirdutyto lookafterthepoor,and,"todogood, toberichingoodworks,togiveeasily," istheadviceofnolessaonethanST. PAUL.

SUNDAYSCHOOLSANDSUNDAYSCHOOLTEACHERS.

Itbeingadmittedonallsidesthat theseInstitutionshaveproved,andwill prove,ofstillmorebenefittothe (ohEythantheyhaveevenhithertodone, itbecomesourboundendutytosupport themtoourveryutmost,andnotto remainmerelyasadmiringlookers-on atthegoodworksavhicharebeing effectedbycertainwellknowngenerous self-sacrificingpersaps;'

Weneednotinsistuponthefactthat theGovernmentaidwouldfallfarshort offeeding,clothing,andmaintaining theOrphanchildrenastheyareat presentmaintainedintheOrphanages, wereitnotforthegenerousprivateaid whichhasbeenforyears,wemigl,t say,munificentlyextendedtothem. Wedonotpurposementioningthe amountofthe"privateaid"given,and towhichwehavespeciallyreferred; but,indrawingattentiontoit,wedo hopewewilldosomethingtowards evokingagenerousandliberalspirit amongournumerousreaders.

THEfounlationofSundaySchoolsin Europewastheworkofacelebrated andsaintlysonoftheChurch,CARLO BORROMEO,whowasborninMilan,in theyear1538.Thegoodworkeffected inSundaySchoolswasnotlongbefore itmadeitselfapparent,and,eremany yearshadelapsed,ST.BORROMEO'S examplewasimitated,andsoonalmost everycity,town,andhamletinEurope haditsSundaySchool.Inthemother country,however,consequentuponthe banefulinfluenceofthePenalLaws, SundaySchoolsareoftenlookedupon byourpeopleasacomparatively moderninstitution.Such,however, isnotthecase,andaswehavesaid,it istotheCatholicChurchweare indebtedfortheformation,fostering,and successfulworkingofSundaySchools. Sincetheadvent,however,ofhappier timesintheUnitedKingdom,the Churchhasputforthherwonted energy,andSundaySchoolswerenever carriedoutwithsomachearnestness, norsupportedbysomuchzeal,asthey areinthepresentday.Thefaithfulof themotherccuntryviewithoneanother inrenderingtheirSundaySchools attractive,andareferencetocontemporaryCatholicJouralswillshowthat SundaySchool-workisnotconsidered unworthyemploymentforpersons remarkablefortheirhighpositionin society,ortheircelebrityinother spheresoflife.Wewishwecould reportthatthesamespiritanimatedthe Catholicsofthiscolony.Alas!we cannotdoso,andtheirsupinenessina worksoworthyaChristianpeoplecannotbetooseverelycensured.Inthe SundaySchoolsthroughoutthecolony, thoseperserliwhoshouldtakeaninterest -nay,whatitmore,shouldesteemit anhonortobeidentifiedineveryway withthem,are,intoomanyinstances, onlyconspictiousbytheirabsence.Our DivineMasterhassaid:-"Thedisciple isnotabovetheMaster,northeservant abovehislord,"sowetrustthatthe admonitiontoinstructtheignorant whichHegave,andwhichHedid,will notbebelievedinvain,northegood examplesettousbyourco-religionists inotherpartsoftheworldfailtorouse ustoaduesenseofourdutyand shortcomings.Wesincerelytrustthe Catholicsthroughoutthecolonywillat oncetakeupthematterofSunday Schoolteaching,astheimportanceof SundaySchoolworkinimpartingto therisinggenerationsoundChristian Doctrinecannotbeoverrated.

THEEDUCATIONACT.

perfection,likethesummitofthe MountofTalisman,isnotattainable, wearenotsurprisedthattheEducation Act,likeotherhumanthings,bears ampleevidenceofthefrailtyofhuman nature.Ourcomplaint,specially,as willberemembered,was,andis,that theEducationAct,whichpaidonlyfor secularresults,gaveAssistedSchools onlyone-halftheamountwhichwas givenforsimilarresultsiupurely GovernmentSchools.Thistransparent actofinjustice,however,itmusthe borneinmind,wasthedoingofa LegislativeCouncilwhich,unlikeany ofitssuccessors,displayedanamount ofintolerancealmostincredible,andit istothesenselessprejudiceofthat CouncilthisfoulblotintheEducation Actissolelytobeattributed.We mustremember,however,thatatthe timetowhichwerefer,thepublicmind wasmuchdisturbed,anddistorted,too, onthesubjectofEducation-somuch so,indeed,thatitisnottoomuchto saythepublicatlargedidnot fullycomprehendthequestionatissue. Educationatthatparticularperiodwas thequestionofquestions;-itformed theprolificsourceofEditorials;-and dilettante correspondentsbecame exuberantindiscussingit;-public meetingswereconvenedtoconsiderit, andthePulpititselfwasbroughtto bear-andthatlegitimately,too,-on theall-importantsubjectofEducation. Theresult,however,wasunfortunately amanifestationofaverylargeamount ofignorance,contusionofideas,andthe displayofafeelingofprejudiceas pitiableasitwasdeplorable.Assisted Schoolswerehowevermadetosuffer; but,asthesequelhasshown,apublic goodwaseffectedwhileperpetratinga comparatively-speakingslightinjustice. Timehasrevealed,beyondallcavil, thattheActfullyprovidesforthe elementaryeducationofthepeople, andwhileitgivesampleprovisionfor themaintenanceofGovernmentSchools, itatthesautetunegivesevery encouragementtothepromotersof Schoolsoverwhichitmaybedeemed desirabletohaveamoreimmediateand perfectcontrolandwhiletobelongto someparticularDenonoinationisloot madeaconditionofreceivingGovernmentaid,itisyetinthepowerofevery Denominationtoavailthemselves,if theyaresodisposed,ofGovernment assistanceandsupport.Inacommunityconstitutedasoursis,andthe religiousopinionsofwhichareas numerousatleastasthedaysinthe week,nomeasure,toourmind,like theEducationAct,couldhavebeen framedcalculatedsowellasitisto nearlymeetthewishesofall, withoutdoinganinjusticetoany. Howtodraftameasurethatwould dealfairlywitheverysectionofthe communitywasariddlewhich,atotie time,itwasconsideredonlyanCEdipus couldsolve.Viewthequestion.asyou might,theReligiousdifficultyappeared insuperable;andReligion,whichshould makeusuniteandloveoneanother, seemed,asitundoubtedlywas,the causeofcontinuousheart-burnings, hard-sayings,andperplexitytoour Statesmen.Thankshowevertothe patienceandabilityofthepresenthead ofourGovernment,anActwaspassed which,afterthreeyearsoftrial,-itis manifesthassolvedtheReligiousdifficulty-iswellsuitedtothecircumstances ofourcolony,andisalsooneunder whichtheelementaryeducationofall classescanbeimprovedandextended.

mind"ofourcommunityshouldforma unitedcompactbody,readyatany momenttothwarttheirinsidious attacksandmalevolentdesigns.Under thepresentAct,Religioncan,andis, taughthiGovernmentandAssisted Schools,anditisonReligionthatall Educationshould,and,tobeacceptable tous,musthebased.

Arecentwriterforciblyremarks "onemaybeinstructedwithoutbeing educated;buthecannotbeeducated withoutbeinginstructed."Theonehas apartialorlimited,theotheracomplete orgeneralmeaning.Educationmeans accordingtoPLATO"togivetothebody andsoulalltheperfectionofwhich theyaresusceptible,"inotherwords, theobjectofeducationistomakethe youthofbothsexesbeautiful,healthful,strong,intelligentandvirtuous. Thenoblequalitiesofthesoulare virtueandlearning.VirtueandlearningarethetwotreesplantedbyGOD inParadisetheyarethetwogreat luminariescreatedbyGODtogivelight totheworld;theyarethetwo Testaments,theOldandtheNew theyarethetwoSisters,MARTHAand MARY,livingunderoneroofingreat unionandharmony,andnaturally supportingeachother."Everyreader ofHistoryisawarethattherenever wasaraceorpeopleonearththathad notareligiousbelief.Manisa believingcreatureandassuchcannot restonpurenegation.AncientHistory isrepletewithexamplesofhowmuch religiouseducationwasesteemed. DIONYSIUSthetyrantcouldnotinflicta greaterpunishmentonDIONthe philosopherthanbygivinghissoninto thehandsofagodlessteacher,andso highlydidtheAtheniansesteemZENo forhisreligiouscareoftheiryouths thattohimwasconfidedthecareofthe keysofthecity,theycausedhisstatue tobeerected,andfinallypresentedhim withacrownofgold.Ltutwehaveno needofholdinguptheancientsas examples,asundertheChristiandispensation,wehavemuchbrighterand noblerwitnessesofhowhighlyand sincerelythereligiouseducationof youthisprized.Forourselveshoweverwearepleasedtoti:.dthatthe principalleadersoflieligiousopinionin thiscolonyareonewithusinmaintainingthenecessityofReligiongoing lam('inhandwithseculartraining,and thatasundertheElementary1.ducationActbothcanhecombined,arealso, asweare,preparedtogivetheAct everyencouragementandsupport.To HisExcellencytheGOVERNORandhis advisersitmustheasourceofpleasure tolearnthat,afterafairtrial,the ElementaryEducationActhasbeen provedtohavesolvedtheReligious problem;isfunndtosuittherequirements ofthetimes;andthatthevastmajority ofthecolonistsnowfreelygivetheir firmadhesiontoitsprinciples.

THEREFORMATORY.

Thewantsandrequirementsofthe Orphanchildrenareasmanyand variableastheyaredesirableand necessary;and,asitisinthepowerof eachofourreaderstodoalittle,in eithermoneyorkind,tohelptosupply thenumerouswantsofthesevaluable

THEElementaryEducationAct,viewed merelyasatentativemeasure,asit undoubtedlywasbynoinconsiderable portionofourcolonists,hasnowbeen sufficientlylonginoperation,forthe publictoformanopinionuponits meritsandtopronounceaverdict. Having,aswehavedone,watched closelytheworkingoftheActsinceits introduction,nearlythreeyearsago,we feelweareinapositiontoofferan opinion,andthatopinionbeingbased, asitis,upontheresultofexperience,is entitledtomoreconsiderationthanthe eclecticideasofthefiresidephilosopher, thejudgmentofthepartizan,orthe reasonsofthedeterminedopponentof themeasuresinceitsinception.As may,however,begatheredfromour commentsinourlastnumber,wedo notlookupontheEducationActas perfectionbutknowingaswedothat

HavingsaidthusmuchincommendationoftheAct,itmustnotbe supposedthatweareatallinsensibleto thefactthattherearetobefoundin ourcommunity,aswellasinother communities,individualswhoarenever content.Theyaretheveryreverseof optimists.Everychangeistothem asourceofgratification,and,though changesarenotalwaysimprovements, aloveofchangeistosuchpersons almostanecessaryconditionofexistence.Withthisknowledgeinour possession,itbehovesustobeonour guardandtorepelbyeverylegitimate meansthevagariesoftheseloversof novelties.But,beyonddoubt,themost dangerousofalltheoristsandpropagandistsaretheSecuralists,anditis againstthisclassthatthe"religious

SOMEtimesincethequestionof establishingaReformatoryforBoysin Perthseemedinafairwayofbeing definitelysettled,inasmuchasTenders forquarryingstoneandforperforming otherworkconnectedtherewithwere invited.Thatitwasdeterminedto carryouttheworknooneforone momentdoubted,consideringthatHis LordshiptheBISHOPhadgivenforthe erectionoftheproposedReformatory themunificentsumof£500;but,from somecausewhichitisnotinourpower toexplain,thematterhas,unfortunately, itwouldseem,beenallowedtodrop. Itistobelamentedthataproject whichcarriedwithitthesympathies andgoodwishesofthewholecolony, shouldnothavebeencarriedouttoa successfulissue.Thenecessityofa Reformatoryisasobviousnow,and, indeed,moreso,thantwelvemonths ago;andthephlicjournals,toooften, weregrettoadmitit,pointoutthatwe havestillinourmidstmembersofthe "larrikinclass,"andbyfartoomany youngfolkwhosemoralityisbelow zero,andwhoseideasofmeumettwin areoftheveryloosestkind,andwho inverymanyinstancesviewthedeealogneasaveryunnecessarypieceof Legislation.ItisasayingofDISRAELI'S thatthe"youthsofto-dayarethe

SEPTEMBER6,1874.

THEWESTAUSTRALIANCATHOLICRECORD,SUNDAY,

Trusteesofposterity,"andweaccept thataphorism.What,then,canwe expectfromtheMenofthefuture,if wearetojudgeoftheBoysofthe present?Younginyears,andyet adeptsincrime-devoidofculture, refinement,andofeverythingelsethat distinguishesthecivilizedfromthe savagebeing,wecannot,weregretto avowit,buthavetheworstforebodings ofthestateofSocietyinyearstocome. Wedonotcareaboutwritinganything sensational,butwewouldonlyaskour readerstowalkourstreetsofanevening andtowitnessthe"larrikins"inthe fullenjoymentoftheirfreedom-blasphem,impudence,andsadignorance -tobecomeconvincedofthenecessity ofaReformatory,andtolearnthe sourcewhencetheReformatoryranksare toberecruited.Atthepresentmoment manyofouryoungstersrevelininiquity becausewhenbroughtbeforeMagistratestheyareunhappilyunabletomete outtothemthatchastisementtheyso richlydeserve,andasaconsequence theiroffencesare,asarule,candoned. Afewlasheswitha'at'o-nine-tailsis notsufficientcorrectionforourstreetArabs.Whatisrequisiteismonthsinsomeinstancesyears-oftraining anddisciplineinaReformatory,anda Reformatorywemusthaveestablished. Notonlyonsocialgroundsdoweurge it,but,also,onthescoreofeconomy;ifwedonotlookafterandcorrect,as theyoughttobecorrected,our"larrikin class,"wemustlookforwardtoaconsiderableincreaseforthemaintenance gaols,andinthepaymentofpolice, jurors,andwitnesses.AsDISRAELI wellsaid,the"youthsofto-dayarethe TrusteesofPosterity,"henceitbecomes ourduty,ascolonists,torouseourselves andresolutelydeterminetocheckan evil-bymeansofaReformatory-ere weareengulphedbythegrowing iniquitybywhichwearesurrounded.

RESPONSIBLEGOVERNMENT.

betterthanaccepttheprinciplethereof, asanyattemptonourpartatConstitution-makingwill,wehavenohesitation indeclaringit,resultincontemptible failure.Wewouldaskourreadersto followtheadviceofonewhohashad experience,andnotbeledawaybythe speciousargumentsofpoliticaltyros,or theassertionsofconstitutionalcharlatans.ThecloserwefollowtheBill placedbeforeusbytheGovernment, themorecertainisthecolonyth;havea goodworkableConstitution,andthe soonershallwebeextricatedfromthe labyrinthofpoliticaltheoriesintowhich weshallbeotherwiseplunged.There arefewpersonsinthiscolonywhocan pretendtopossessasuperficial,much lessadeepknowledgeofpoliticalscience, andtherearefewerstillwhoknowanythingofConstitutiousorofConstitution-making.

Itisnolibeltoassertthatthemajority ofourcolonistsonlygainedpolitical knowledgeathomebyattendingthe electionofacountymemberoraParish Beadle,andthatasaruletheiropinions aboutConstitutionsarefarfromvaluable.Henceisitnotfollyforthisone todenounceaNomineeUpperHouse, aridthatonetodeclaretwoHousesa farce?Theirsistruly"thejudgment ofignorance"andassuchutterly worthless.Weagainaskourreaders tofellowcloselytheConstitutionBill preparedbytheGovernment,andto rejectanymanwhomaycomeforward asaRepresentativeandpresumesto askyoutoaccepthispoliticalcrudities ratherthanthejudgmentandexperience ofHisExcellencyandtheframersof theproposedConstitutionBill.

DISSOLUTIONOFTHELEGISLATIVECOUNCIL.

HisExcellencyGovernorWelddissolvedtheLegislativeCouncilon Tuesday,the4thAugust.HisExcellencydeliveredthefollowingSpeech ontheoccasion:-

WIIENthememberforPerth-Mr. BIRCH-roseintheHouseinreferenceto thecontemplatedchangeinthepresent formofGovernment,hewasfullyequal totheoccasion,and,withanenthusiasm worthyofaPatriot,exclaimed"Oncemoreuntothebreachdearfriends,oncemore, OrclosethewallupwithourEnglishdead." Asforourselves,however,wearenot disposedtoassumetheidleofaField Marshal,norhaveweanydesireto placeourselvesintheperilousposition intowhichMr.BIRCHwouldnotfear tohaverushed.ThepredictionsofMr. BIRCHmay,however,turnouttobeas trueasCASSANDRA'S,butpeoplewill notbelievehim.Onfewquestions, indeed,hastherebeensuchanunanimity ofopinion;anditisonlyonewhois whollyindifferenttothewishesofthe people,orwhoispertinaciouslyobstinate, thatwillcontendthatpublicopinionis notinfavorofResponsibleGovernment.Publicopinionisunmistakeable onthepoint,andtheResponsibleform ofGovernmentisnow,itmustbeconceded,thechoiceofthepeople.Asfor ourselves,werejoicethatthecolonists aresounanimous,andthoughofcourse wearequiteawarethatResponsible Governmentwillnotproveapanacea forallcolonialills,yetweareconvinced thatunderthatformofgovernmentthe colonywillrapidlyprogressandprosper. TheprogressofWesternAustraliamay belookeduponascoevalwiththe introductionofliberalinstitutionsby HisExcellencyGovernorWELD,and wehavenodoubtthatwhenthe colonistshavethecompletemanagement oftheirownaffairs,thesocialcondition ofthePeoplewillnotonlybegreatly improved,buttheirmaterialwelfarewill receiveanimpetushithertounknown. Suchbeingourconvictionastothe resultsthatwillfollowfromtheintroductionofResponsibleGovernment,we wouldcounselourreaderstosupport inprincipletheConstitutionBill introducedintheLegislativeCouncil bytheGovernment,andtoreturnas theirRepresentativesonlysuchmenas willsupporttheprincipleofthat measure.AsiswellknowntheBillin questionwascarefullypreparedbythe Governmentandguidedbytheknowledgeandexperienceofourpresent Governor,thecolonistscouldnotdo

AnActtofacilitatetheproofofTelegraphicKeasagesinCourtsofJustice,andforotherpurposes.

AnActtoawedtheLandTransferlintyAct.

AnActtoamendanOrdinancetoprovideforthe summarytrialandpunishmentofAboriginalNative Offendersincertaincases

AnActtoprovidefortheRegistrationofcertain personswhoshallbeimportedintoWesternAustralia, oremployedinanymannerwithintheTerritorial Dominionthereof. Inowfurther.inthenameandonbehalfofHer MajestytheQueen,assenttoAnActfurthertoamendthePostOfficeSavings' Bankordinance.

AnActtopromotetheefficiencyofcertain CharitableInstitutions.

AnActforpreventingthefurtherspreadofthe SpanishRadishandScotchThistle. AnActtosimplifytheTitletoandthedealing withEstatesInLand.

AnActtoextendthepowersofthePerthCity Council. AnActtoamendTheWines,Beer,andSpiritSale Act,1872. ManyoftheenactmentsoftheSessionwill,Itrust, befoundof000siderablepracticalutility;andItrust thatthebandTesusferArtmayinthisColonybeas euccessfulasActssimilarinprinciplehaveprovedin others. IhaveseenwithpleasurethatintheCharitable Institutions'Actyouhaveplacedmostdeserving institutionsuponanimprovedfooting,andhave extendedyourcaretoorphansanddestitutechildren ofbothracesofHer0ajesty'ssubjectsinthiscolony. TheimportancetothefutureoftheColonyofyour Cotefortheconstructionofanoverlandtelegraphline alongtheshoresofthiGreatBightofSouthAustralia cannotbeoverestimatedandIamnowfurtherable tocongratulateyouuponthepropositionyouentertainedfromMeasrsairmen'sBros.,tolaydownan oceanc.dtetocounectyour0,estersshoreswiththe Asiatictelegraphsystem. Isioelwillingiycarryoutyourwishesinregardto Immigrationandwillimmediatelycommunicate withtheVictorianGovernmentiuaecordaucewith theretsimmeudationofyourHonorableCouucil regardingHarborISores. DuringtheprogressofthisSessionthereportofthe Rays!MintatSydneyuponarichspecimenofau, terousqusaxfromareefintheWellingtonDistrict hascuurinetitheanticipationIventuredtoexpress inmyopeningaddress. MaSPBAKcitAlestisetitenee,Iverye:.ruestlythankthisHonorableCouncilfor thesteadysupportithasgiventome.Thewiseand beneficialmeasitresithaspassedduringitstour Scum.,theprosperitytowhichithasseenthe Cotunysttain,attditslaststepiuthedirectionof ftelr-governmeutandfreeinstitutionssofaraspollslideonauEn;lishmodel,wiltleaveadeepimpress uponthefutureofthiseohaly,andIhope,withthe blessingofProvidence,conducetoitspermanent welfareandpoliticalandmaterialadvancement. InowdissolvethisCouncil.

GOODTEMPLARISM.

jottings: HOMEANDFOREIGN-COLONIALANDDOMESTIC.

FaitsTRADE.-Sometimesincethepoliticalbattlecryamongourcolonialpoliticians wasFreeTradev.Protection,andso interestedwerethecolonistsgenerallyinthis question,thatpartizansoneithersidemade itthetouch-stoneofpoliticalworthinany aspiringcandidateforLegislativehonors. Howfarthesystemofpartialprotectionhas workedinthiscolony,timehasatlength revealed.Atthepresenthourmanyarticles ofdailyconsumption,whichcouldnever,or rather,haveneverbeenproducedinlarge quantitiesinthiscolony,arescarcelyobtainable,viz.,butter,cheese,raisins,currants, anddriedapples.Hadnotadutybeen imposeduponthesearticlesthereisnoquestion thepresentscarcitywouldnothaveresulted, and,asthecolonycannotproducethearticles wehavenamedinsufficientquantitiesfor herownconsumption,doesnotcommon senseclearlypointouttheabsurdity,nay, theinjusticeofaprotectiveTariff?But notonlyarearticlesrequiredforhuman consumptionverydeficient,butpoorbeasts ofburden,too,aremadetofeelthescarcity whichisindeedlamentableintheonlytwo luxuriesinwhichtheyindulge,towit,hay andcorn.Theformerisnowsellingat.C10 perton,andthelatterat85.perbushel1 In favorofprotectionitis,andhasbeenurged, thatProtectionstimulatesaswellasprotects nativeindustries.IfProtectioneverhad suchaneffectinanycountryinwhichithas beenintroduced,ithasfailedinWestern Australia.ThefriendsofFreeTradehave inthepresentscarcity,whichwehave indicated,anexcellentopportunityof exposingthefallaciousnessofProtection. Whileonthissubjectwewouldcallattention tothefact,thatduringthelastsessionofthe NewSouthWalesParliament,ADVALOREM dutieswereentirelyrepealed;-thisimportant step,ashasbeenjustlyremarked,"fixesan epochinAustralianeconomicalfinance,by indicatingthedecisivechangeofanimportant colonyfromaProtectivetoaFreeTradeline ofpolicy."

Ma.S AND110woRABLZ111lIrLERIN-

IhavecomedowntoyourHonorableHousetoclose aSessionwhichwillforeverbememorableinthe historyofthisColonyforinthissessionyouhave withoutadivisionaffirmedthatalthoughthe ItepreseutativesofthePeoplehaveconfidenceinthe "integrityandabilityofthepresentGovernment, theyconsiderthetimehasarrivedwhenachange "tothatformofGovernmentknownasResponsible "Governmen.mightbeIntroducedwithbenefittthe "country,andthatthisHonorableHoweshould humblypraythatIllsExcellencytheGovernorwill bepleasedtointroduceaBillforthatpurpose,and 'recommendHerMajestytoapprovethesame." FromthemomentwhenIrecommendedthat RepresentativeGovernmentbeconcededtothepeople ofthiscolony,Ihaveeverheldthatthequestionof ResponsibleGovernmentshouldproperlyrestwiththe coloniststhemselves,andconsequentlymyExecutive inthisCounciltooknoactivepartInsupportingor opposiugtheresolution. UponthatresolutionbeingpresentedtomebyMr. Speaker,accompaniedbythuMembersofyour Honorabletauicil,Ithanked"yourHonorable Councilforyourexpressionofconfidenceinthe honestyandabilityofthepresentGovernmentofthie Colony' linformedyouthatIwouldnotfailtopointoutto HerMajesty'sSecretaryofStatethat"yourconclustateoutheverymomentousandimportantConstitutionalpuestioubeforeyouhadbeenarrivedat withremarkableunanimity,andthattheproceedlogswhichhadledtoithadbeencharacterisedby "amarkedmoderationoftone,andtotalabsenceof partyfeeling,which,inamatterlicethis,must "carrymuchweightandredoundtothecreditofthe colony;"andIaddedthatIwasnotInaposition "toexpresstheviewsofHerMajesty'sGovernment upo,thequestionofResponsibleGovernment,but, "incompliaucewithyourrequest,Iwouldcausea Billtobepreparedandintroducedintoyour "Council,andintheeventofyourpassingit,Iwould -recommendthatHerItijesty'sassentbegiventoit, andthatthesystemofMinisterialResponsibility "bewiththisleastpossibledelayestablishedInthis, "asintheotherAustralianColonies." Actinguponyourformalrequest,IcausedaBillto beprepared,baseduponthoseprovisionswhich experiencehasprovedtoworkbeatinotherColonies possessingConstitutionalCovernmetv,andreserving toHerMajestyaCivilList,which,thoughmire moderatothanthosewhichhaveinmanyinstances e,sewherebeengrantedtotierAlajesty,Ihave thoughtmightprobablybeacceptedbytheImperial Governmentinexchangeforthewastelandsofthe Cr4'esecondreadingoftheBillhaspausedyour HonorableCouncilbyaverylargemajority,andit nowappearstomethat,inordertopreventany apearauceofhasteinamatterofsomuchimportane, andtogivethecountryanoppertunityofexpressing itsdeliberateopniun,itbehovesmetodissolveyour HonorableCounciL ThatcomaeIshouldhaveadoptedwhentheresolutioninfavorofConstitutionalchangewasfirstpassed, badnottheCouncilbeenvirtuallyunanimousupon themainquestion,andhadInotknownthatsucha courseatthatmomentwouldhavebeenliabletoa misconstructionwhichmighthavebeendetrimental tothepublicinterests;now,however,havingbrought downaHillatyourrequest,andcarrieditbyavery largemajoritythroughthesecondreading,Ithink thatthecountryhasrighttohavetimeaffordedit toexpressitsopinions,andthatanewConnell shouldbecalledtogetheratasufficientlyearlyperiod toenablerevisedEstimatestobepassedbefore,the endoftheyear,andtopreventanydelayInthe executionofthepublicworkswhichhavemet,or maymeet,yourapproval havealreadysignified,bymessage,thatIhave assented,inthenameandonbehalfofHerMajesty theQueen,tothefollowingBills:AnActtoconfirmtheExpenditurefortheservices oftheyear1873,beyondthegrantforthatyear. AnActtoamendtheOrdinance4thVictoria,No. 14,of18412. AnActtoregulatetheexportationofHorses. AnActtoprovideforthepreservationoftmported Game,and(duringthebreedingmason)ofMattes Game, AuActtoamendtheElementaryEducationAot, 1171.

WEextractthefollowingfromthe "HastingsandSt.LeonardsObserver" ofJune20,fortheinformationofour readers:"THEGOSPELV.GOODTEMPLARISM."Thislittlework,publishedbyMessrs. ParsonsandCousins,HastingsandRye,is attractingalmostworld-wideattention,and causingagreatsensationwhereverintroduced.WecopythefollowingfromaNew Zealandpaper.theEceningStar,ofAuckland dated21stFebruary.Thearticleappear undertheheadingof"AnchoviesandToast," anawaswrittenbytheLondoncorrespondent oftheStar,onthedayafterChristmasDay."TheGoodTemplarsaregettingintoastate ofenmitywiththeirfellowteetotallerswho arenotGoodTempters.TheChnrchof Englandaswellasmanyotherbodiesof teetotalersobjecttoGoodTemplarismon thegroundthattheyputmenunderasolemn obligationwhichtleyfrequentlybreak.In otherwords,thattheyplacemeninperilof committingperjury.Itissaidthatifaman merelybreaksthepromisetowhichheengages himselfbythesigningofanordinaryteetotal pledgehedoesnotcommitsuchamoral offenceashedoesifhetastesintoxicating liquorsafterhavingboundhimselfbysolemn oathsnevertodoso.Asmallwork,lately publised,fromthepenoftheRev.James Nicholson,ofRye,Sussex,entitled"The GospelversusGoodTemplarism,"hasexplodedamine,andthewarisgettingbitter.In thisworktheauthorexposesthewhole systemoftheTemplars-theirceremonies andritual-withaviewofshowingtheantagonisticcharacterofthereligionofGood TemplarstothereligionofJesusChristHe assertsthatTemplaristnis"asystemof bodilyexercises,andusesweaponsofacarnal earthlykindinreformingmen-mystery, show,regalia,imposingdemonstration,grips, signs,passwordsandallthehertltenismof secretsocieties."Hesaysthattheobligation ofaGoodTemplarismadebyplacingthe righthandovertheheart,andtakingan oathwhichisatvariancewiththetenourof theScripturesthatthereisanaltarinevery lodgecoveredwithglassesofwaterwhich aredrunkbythecandidatetobeinitiated thattheinitiateisledroundtheroomwhile the"lodge"sings;thatheisexhorted severaltimestobefaithful;thenentrusted withpasswordssigns,andgrips,hastopay fees,andisthendeclareda"brother,"the writeraddingthat"theamountofrisingsaluting,strutting,endperambulatingthatisdone inaneveningissurprising."Headdsthat greatcareistakentosecurethepaymentof fees.Mr.Nicolson'sbookislikelytocreate somelittlesensationintheGoodTemplar world,anditwillbequestionedwhetherhe wasrightinrevealingallheknowsofthe ritual.AtthesametimeitisacknowledgedbytheTemplarsthemselvesthat eighteenpercent.oftheirnumberbreak throughtheirobligations,andthereisthereforeroomfprdoubtwhethermenshouldbe placedinapositionwheretheymaysoeasily becomeperjured."

COMPARISONS.-Itisacommonremark that"comparisonsareodious,"andso universalisthebeliefinthesayingquoted, thatoneisforcedtotheconclusionthatto institutecomparisonsisasdangerousasitis reprehensible.Bethishoweverasitmay, wethinkthehon.theColonialSecretary,in introducingtheConstitutionBillinthe LegislativeCouncilsomewhatdamagedhis casebydrawingacomparisonbetweenthe proceedingsoftheNewSouthWalesandthe VictorianParliaments.Intheformer,he wouldleadhishearerstobelievethatthe debateswerecharacterisedbythatcalmness anddignitysonoticeableinAssembliescomposedoftheupperoreducatedclasses,while itthelattertheywereproletarianinthe extreme,and-parvacomponeremagnis,assignelthatasonereasonwhytheWest AustralianUpperHouaeshouldbecomposed ofGovernmentnominees.ltecenteventsin theNewSouthWalesParliament,however, prove,beyonddoubt,thatthehon.the ColonialSecretary'scomparisonwasmost infelicitous,and,asanargumentinfavorof anominatedHouse,issimplyworthless. Acolonialpaperreviewingtheproceedings oftheParliamentarySessionofNewSouth Walesrecentlyclosed,remarks Averylonglistofmeasureswaspresentedtothe ParliamentofNewSouthWalesatitsopeningearly InSeptemberlast,itssittingsoccupying157days andextendedoverabout10months,andattheendit isfoundthatonlyasmallpartoftheprogramme submittedhasbeenactuallycarriedthrough.Of course,thisisnotanuncommonresultbutwhenso longasessionisfoundtohavebornesosmallfruitit isgenerallyafair'conclusionthattimehasbeen largelywastedinfactiouscontest!,insteadofbeing bestowedontheconsiderationofthebusinessofthe country.Thisinferenceveryfairlyrepresentsthe courseofthingsintherydneyParliament;anditis tosuchcausesasthisthatweowethespectacle referredtoofthedebatesonwhieh,inSeptemberlast, amidexultantgratulationandexuberantpromise.' theDivineblessingwasinvokedbytheGovernorin hisopeningspeech,degeneratingtowardstheirdoes intothescoldingofalotofash-fagsacrossatable,' asMr.Robertsonrecentlydesignatedtheprooeeulugs inaspeechdirectedbyhimagainsta'boasting impostor'andhonourableandcowardly,sneaking, snivelling,cringinghound'ontheothersideofthe House.Towardsthe'closeofthesessionthedebates assumedaviolenceandvirulencerareinthese colonies.Whatevermayhavebeentheshortcomings oftheweaken,andtheworkitleftunfinished,itwas quitetimethatItwasterminated.Itsproceedings haddegeneratedintoaeerie,ofbitterlytitotiousand personalrecriminationsofthemostunmeasured nature,anditwouldonlyhavefurtherdisgraced itself,andcastmorediscreditonParliamentary institutionsbyalongercontinuance.Theshort recesswillallowtimeforalltheseangryanimosities. tosubsidebeforehon.membersareagainsummoned toenteruponthebusinessofthecountry." WhethertheUpperHouseoftheWest AustralianHouseofParliamentshallbe nominatedorelected,or,indeed,whether thereshallbeanUpperHouseatall,isnow aquestionfortheColoniststodecide.Itis clear,however,thattheproceedingsofthe VictorianParliament,inwhichcolonythe UpperHouseiselected,canbearfavorable comparisonwithNewSouthWaleswhere theUpperHouseisnominated.

THEMODERNBABYLON.-Londonwithits 4,000,000inhabitants,livingin23,000streets, isremarkableforhaving1,000churchesand 4,000public-houses.Itsaggregatenumber ofdeathsbyviolenceisonthesumpevery year2,600-ofthese239personsbeingburnt alive.Thesefiguresaretruly"signsofthe times."

NITRIURIEllOFIATERATET1,4111barty. neveloftheRomanconvents,whichhave beenappeasedbyVictorlinunanuel's Government,therehavebeenfoundnolees

WESTAUSTRALIANCATHOLICRECORD,SUNDAY,SEPTEMBER6,1874.

than606,016volumes,andinthereligious houses,whichareundertheprotectionof foreignpowers,thereareatleast20,000 more.

PRESSLAWSINJAPAN.-Asitismorethan probablethaterelongWesternAustralia willhavethatformofGovernmentknownas ResponsibleGovernment,andasthereare undoubtedlymanyofourcolonialgentlemen who,thoughtheynowenjoycomparative easeandcomfort,willbeeagersoobtainthe highpositionofResponsibleMinister,we commendtothecarefulconsiderationofsuch individualsinparticular,andofthecolonists generally,thePresslawswhichobtainin -Japan,andwaichwepublishbelow.The poetsays"Uneasyhistheheadthatwearsacrown," andweimaginethepositionofaResponsible Minister,especiallyinthiscolony,willnot beallthatthefervidbrainandambitious soulofthemanwhoaspirestoit,picturesit. AnymanwhobecomesResponsibleMinister willsoonfindthathewillrequiresomething morethanthebarrenwreathofpopular applausetoinducehimtoretaintheposition hesomuchcoveted.Trueitistheexalted positionhemayattain,mayservetofanhis inflatedambition,andtherichemoluments ofofficemaycompensate,insomemeasure, fortheabusethatwillnotfailtobeheaped onhishighandmightyhead,butpublic opinionissoveryunstable,andtheexponents ofthatopinioninWesternAustraht-the Press-sovariable,thatchamelionlike,the samecolorisneverpresentedtwicetopublic view,thatunlesssomethingisreallydone toregulatethePress,unhappy,wesalisthe lotofaResponsibleMinister.Forthese andmanyotherweightyreasonsweconsider thePresslawsofJapandeservingofserious consideration,andwereitnotthatwefear thatanymeasurehowevergravethatmight beentrustedtothehon.memberforWellingtonwould,inhishands,ultimately resolveintomerenebulas,wewouldaskhim, duringtherecess,tocarefullyconsiderthe Presslawsof.Japan,withaviewtointroducingasimilarmeasureinthenextSession oftheLegislativeCouncil.Perhaps,however,someotherhon.membermaybeinducedtotakechargeofit.Letushopeso. HereisaprecisoftheLaws.Editor'sare informedthatsuchsubjectas"extraodinary natural produce,occurencres,fires,war,prices, trades,births,deaths,andmarriages,officialnotifications,literature,manufactures,amusements,clothing,landand houses,translationofforeignwritingmiscellaneousforeignnews,antiotherimportant publicmatters,"willbeadmissibleintheir columns.Buttheyare"forbiddentodisturb ordemoralisethemindsofthepeople"by "attackingtheconstitutionoftheGovernment,orbydiscussingthelaws,orbycasting obstaclesinthewayoftheworkingofnational institutionsbythepersistentadvocacyof foreignideas."UnpopularMinistersare protectedbyRuleXV.,whichprovides "editorsmustnottakeituponthemselvesto publishremarksuponofficialsdnringtheir termofoffice,orupontheirofficialconduct, oruponanything,howevertrilling,whichis connectedwithourforeignintercourse." Editorswillbecalledupon"togive explanationsinregardtoanymatterupon whichitmaybefoundnecessarytoquestion them."

ACATHOLICKEYTOTHEAPOCALYPSE.-

Aworkentitled"Acomparisonbetweenthe HistoryoftheChurchandtheProphecies oftheApocalypse"hasrecentlybeentranslatedfromtheGermanbyMr.EDWINDE Lisix(brotherofMrs.WeldArrhework hasbeenmostfavorablyreviewedbythe EnglishCatholicPress,andisconsideredto beaveryclearandcarefulinterpretationof averydifficultportionofHolyScripture. Weextractthefollowingparagraphsetting forththeclaimoftheChurchonStatesand individuals:"TheChurchclaimsfromStates,aswellasfrom Individuals,sbelievingsubmission,inmattersof faithandmorals,tothedivineauthoritybequeathed toherby socialChrist.Thewholeofprivate,political,and lifeoughttobeformedinaccordancewiththe demandsofthissublimedominionofOodonearth. Thisidealprinciplewasintheoryuniversallyrecog- nizedduringtheMiddleAges,and,asfarashuman weaknessallowed,practicallycarriedoutThe governmentofGodthroughthet'hurchofChristhas beenoverthrowninagreatpartofChristendomsince theReformation,thoughatthetimethegeneral desirewastopreservetheChristianreligion,onlygettingridofecclesiasticalauthority,intheplaceof whichthearbitrary,purelyhumanauthorityofthe Reformerswassubstituted.Andsoforatimecompulsionandfanaticismsu thebelief,customs,and underthe unlawful,usurpingswaynri called"orthodoxProtested" aEuropean societythrewawaytheironc artsithout returningtothesweetyoke p,e.si,th period,theRevolution,began.Isessiate! Yore consistsinneitherbowingbeforethetrueandlawful, norbeforeafalseandarbitraryauthority;butreject- inginprinciplethedominionofGod,itgivesupthe wholeregulationofpublicandprivatelifetothe autonomyofthemindofman,eitherembodiedinan individualorintheState.InreligionRationalism, andinpolitiesLiberalism(asunderstoodontheContinent),areasortofhalf-wayRevolutionthetwo systems,pushedtotheirlogicalconclusions,are tantamounttoAtheismandSocialism.nationalism doesnotdenyapersonalGod,butdeniesHimall interferenceinthegovernmentoftheworld,emancipatingreasonfromrevelation,andthehumanwill fromtheserviceofGod.Liberalismmaybedenoted asRationalismal-pliedtopoliticalandsocialme. kor(asinItaly)itfirstproclaimstheStateassuch tobewithoutaGod,andthen(asinGermany)the StateitselftobeGod;indifferenttotruthandfalsehood,itdoesnotrecognizethedivinelawproclaimed bytheChurchasthehighestruleofconduct,but,on thecontrary,demandsunconditionalsubmissionto itsownregulations,evenwhentheycontradictthe lawsofGodandHisChurchWhilethepseudoliberalStatethusdeniestheeternalfoundationsof politicalandsociallife,itisstillinconsistentenough towishtohaveitsownauthorityandtherightsof privatepropertyreveredasholyandinviolable.But theconsequentRevolutionisfirstdevelopedinto pantheisticalormaterialisticAtheism,dethroningthe ImpotentGodoftheRationalist,andtheninto boclaliem,whichnolongerrecognisespersonalpro-

perty,afterLiberalismhasrobbed1,at ernaturalguarantee. "TheperiodofRevolution,afterhavingbeen secretlypreparedbyHeim,Rationalism,andthe philosophical'unbeliefoftheeight,.nthcentury, begins,therefore,tobeaworld-subduingprinciplewiththeFrenchRevolutionfirstbreakingoutfrom thelowerordersupwardsiusavagerageagainstall religiousandsocialorder;thenstartingfromthe highestclassesdownwards,creatingnewoutward showoforderundertheNapoleons,butatthesame timeestablishinginamorelastingwaythesecular irreligiousState,'indifferent'totruthandfalsehood Thefurtherprogressoftherevolutionaryspiritin thiscenturywillatoncestrikethereader'smind Weneednotcallattentiontothesacrilegiousrobbery ofthestatesoftheChurchtheParisCommune;the suppressionofMonasteriesinItaly;thebreakingof ConcordatsthePrussianattempttodestroythe CatholicChurchinGermanythe'tolerant'persecutionsinSwitzerland;and,amongstmanyother thingstoonumeroustobeherementioned,the universal'liberal'attempttoestablishcompulsory godlessschools.Theeventsofthedayspeakfor themselves.andathoughtfullistenerwillfancythat hehearstheechoofthevoiceoftheEagleofthe ApocalypseWoe,woe,woetotheinhabitoutsofthe .earth.'"

),c,ONSECRATIONOFDr.O'CONNOR.-The -flewBishopofBallarat,theRightRev. MichaelO'Ccnnor,wasconsecratedonSunday the17thbyCardinalFranchi.Thecer'imony tookplaceintheChapelofthePropaganda. OneoftheassistingprefateswastheArchbishopofMelbourne.Atthesametimeand placewereconsecratedMgr.CamilloSergente, latelyaPrioroftheSS.Auntinziataof Salerno,andnowArchbishopofCosenza; andFatherAntonioMariaGrasselli,now BishopofTrapezopolisiuportibusinfidelium, andVicarApostolicofMoldavia, NATIONALSYNODIRELAND.-ANational SynodoftheIrishEpiscopacywillbeheldin DublininAugust.HisEminenceCardinal Cullenwillpreside.ThecomingSjnodhas beendiscussedbytheleadingEnglishand IrishJournals,andthepresumedagendahas beenafruitfulsourceofEditorial"smalltalk."

GERMANY.-YesturdayourHouseof Commonsacknowledged,byamajorityofone (77to76),thejusticeoftheconip!aint ereughtbeforetheMusebytheRight ReverendFatherCountFircger,5.J.,against thepoliceorderhehadreceivedtoquit Bavaria.CountFuggerisaBatanion citizen,andcannotbelegallyexiledwithout ajudicialsentence,noreventhenunlessthe sentenceispassedonaccountofsomecrime. Now,thereexistsnolawinBavariawhich makesbeingaJesuitacrime,andyetCount Fugger,wlienorderedtoexpatriate!limot, couldnotgetredressfromanyofthecourts throughwhichhiscomplainthadtopass, untilheappealed.otheHouseofCommons andchargedtheMinistrywithhavingviolated theConstitutionandcommittedaninfraction ofthelawoftheland.Ilehassuceeded there,butwithamajorityofonlyoneasad testzmoniumpaupertatisasregardstheintelligenceandsenseofjusticeamongthe BavarianDeputies;andalsoshowingthat PrinceBismarkrulesalmostasabsolutelyat MunichbyhisfriendHerrLutz,asliedoes atBerlinwththeco-operationofDr.Falck andCo.

DEBATEINTHESENATEOFTILEDUBLIN

UNIVERSITY.-FromrecentHomeJournals welearnthatthedebateoncertainresolutionswhichhave-beenproposedbyMr.Butt, Dr.Moreland,andDr.Mclvor,andwhich tookplaceinTrinityCollege,resultedin allowingthatthespiritofTrinityCollegeis asaggressiveandanti-Catholicnowasinthe daysofElizabeth,Theresolutionssubmitted fordiscussionwereasfollows:-

1.ThattheBoardberespectfullyrequestedtoadd totheirproposalsomeManformoreeffectually extendingthebenefitsoftheUniversitytoallclasses ofourfellowsubjects.

2Thattheirattentionbespociallyinvitedtothe planofcomprehending,undertheUniversityofDublin. anothercoliegioteinstitutions,eithersuchasat presentexist,orsuchasmaysuit,equenilybecreated.

S.'Chat,incommonfairployandjustice.iftheExecutiveoftheUniversityisallowedtoinculcatereligion alongwithseculareducation,asimilarlatitudeought tohegrantedtotheotherdenominations,andto movethataccordingly,alongwiththepetitionto "'ornamentandmemorialtotheGovernment,the Senateshalladdtheirapprobationtotheproposalto charierand.tucreasetheendowmentofthecatholic UniversityfromthesurplusofChurchfundswhich willremaininthehandsofGovernment.

Ontheresolutionsbeingput,afterconsiderablediscussion,74Senatorsvotednonplacet,andonlysevenplacet,sothatthe resolutionswererejectedbymoretitantwo toone.Ontheresultofthisdivisionthe Tabletremarks:-"IfthePenalLawsand theconductoftheSenateoftheDublin. Universityarenowpromptlyutilizedbic leadersofCatholicopinioninIrellt publicopinioninthatcountrywillbestirr toitsdeptii&and''soonconquereducitti rightsfoillionalbfpeople.Sofa' theCgaservativepressinIrelandseeniirig jubilantattheutterdefeatoftheclaimsof CatholicsinTrinityCollegeonMonday,they betraythemostalarmingsensitivenessabout it;convincedthatitwillprovokeanagitation thatcanonlyendineitheradivisionofthe endowmentsofTrinityandofallitsallied foundations,orageneralwithdrawalof collegiateendowments,withcompensation,as inthecaseofMaynoothandoftheBelfast PresbyterianCollege.TheIrishBishopsare tomeetatanearlydate,whenwehave littledoubtthatthesenewandgravephases oftheUniversityquestionwillreceivefull consideration.Everyonemustrejoiceatthe testthathasbeenappliedtotheSenateof theDublinUnivesity,whosesupercilious rejectionofthemoderateclaimputforward onbehalfofCatholicsmustdamageTrinity Collegeintheopinionofallliberal-minded men."

CHINESEANDJATANZIEIMMIGRATION.TheGovernmenthaveappointedMessrs.E. Birch,G.Glyde.andW.Padbury,asacorn-

whinetoreceiveapplicationsfromparties desirousofintroducingAsiatics.Applicants mustguaranteetoprovideproperlodging andfoodtowhichChinamenareaccustomed; totakethemoffthehandsofGovernmenton arrival;toadvancetwomonthswages and,lastly,toengagethemfortwelve months.

THENEWBISHOPOFSANDECRST.-Dr, Fortune,whowasnominatedtobethefirst BishopofthenewlycreatedDioceseofSaudburst,wasobligedtodeclinethatdignityfor reasonswhichHisHolinesswaspleasedto considervalid.ThePropagandaonFriday, the22ndofMay,selectedinroomofDr. Fortune,theRev.CanonMagnire,ofCork, brothertothelateJohnFrancisMaguire, M.P.,forCorkCity,andproprietorofthe CorkExammernewspaper,ThePoperatifiedtheselectionofthePropaganda,onthe eveningofthe24thofMay.Dr.Gould, ArchbishopofMelbourne,andDr.O'Conor, BishopofBallarat,haveleftRomefor Ireland.

QUEENSLAND.-RESUMPTIONOFLAND.TheQueenslandParliamenthaveresumed runsintimesettledDistrictstotheextentof 5,930,0Macres.Thisisaproofthatthe Queenslandersplacemorevalueupon EmigrantsthantheydouponSheep.In WesternAustraliaweareverymuchafraid thatmorevalueisputuponthelatterthan upontheformer,andwhenourParliament attempttofollowinthewakeofQueensland theywillsoonfindthatthesquattinginterest amongusismuchmolepowerfulthansome .peoplearedisposedtoadmit.

SOUTHAusTaana.-TheUpperandLower HousesoftheSouthAustralianParliament havebeenamusingthemselvesbydiscussing the"PrivilegsofeitherHouses.ThediscussionaroseontheLegislativeCouncil wishingtointroduceaBilltoborrow£61111, 0o0forrailwayandotherpurposesand requiringtheTreasurertoaccountforthe expenditurefromthisfund.Afteritwarm "battleofPrivileges,"thequestionwas decidedbytheAssemblyagreeingtocertain concessionsintheirextremedemands.

YORK.-Wehavebeeninformedthata drawingofPrizesinaidoftheYorkSchool BidliiingFundwilltakeplaceintheSchool HouseofthattownonWednesday,the 28thofOctober.Manyoftheprizesare reallyvaluable,andastheproceedsaretobe devotedtotheliquidationofthedebtdue ontheSchoelHouse,weanticipateaready saleoftheticketsfortheLottery.

CATHOLICBENEFITSOCIFTY.-Ameeting ofCatholicswasheldintheoldSchool-room onthe23rdult.,toconsidertheadvisability offormingaCatholicBenefitSocietyin Perth,Mr.J.T.Reillyinthechair.After somediscussionitwasresolved-"Thatin theopinionofthismeeting,itisdesirableto establishinthiscolonyaCatholicBenefit Society,and,withthatview,itisresolvedto appointthefollowinggentlemen,viz.,Messrs.

admiringaudiencethegloriousuncertainties andsocialbenefitsoftheBritishLaw.A "Stumpspeech"deliveredbyasablewooer ofLegislativehonors-Mr.Mannix-was veryaproposatthesetimesofpolitical agitation,andmightserveasapatternto manyofouraspirantLegislators.Itcomprised,inwellchosenphrases,alltheusual praiseandabuseofthe"powersthatbe;" thegeneraldissatisfactionandcensureofall thathasbeendone,andthecustomary advocacyofeverywantandrequirementof thecolony-froma"railroadfrontRoute HeadtoCarnac,toabreakwatertothe EasternDistricts."Theenlightenedborough of"Wanneroo,"whosesuffragestheorator wasunderstoodtosolicit,willbewell representedinournextCounciliftheyreturn thiscandidate.Thesecondpartofthe entertainmentconsistedofnegromelodies, whichwereeffectivelyrenderedbyawell gotuptroupe.Norwasitdeficientinthe concoulittantdrolleriesofreparteeand conundrums,inwhichBones(H.Giblin) delights"NbyamMr.LukeLeakeandMr. II.l'arkerliketwoover-grownschool-boys?" Gibburnup?"Becausetheyarethreatened faithaBirch!"Theeveningsamusement wounduptothestrainsof"Godsavethe Queen,"energeticallyrenderedbythefull orchestralcombination,and,wetrust, resultedinafairadditiontotheLibrary fundofthisdeservingandflourishing Society.ThethanksoftheSocietyaredue toMrCarner,whokindlypresidedatthe Pianoduringtheevening,andalsotoMessrs. BryanandHouston,whocontributedlargely tothesuccessoftheentertainment.

ARCHBISHOPMANNINGON THEANTI-CHRISTIANSPIRIT OFTHEAGE

TheFeastoftheSacredHeartwas observedwithgreatdevotioninallthe LondonchurchesonSundaylastbutinthe newcaurch,dedicatedtotheSacredHeart, atCamberwellNew-road,alltheservices wereparticularlydevoutandsolemn.The HighMasswassungbyhisLordshipthe BishopofSouthaarkandasistantclergy,and themusic(Ilajdn'sImperialMass)was tfliciuntlyrenderedbyafullband.An (mallowingctiiigregallot},whichthronged thesideaislesandaroundthealtar railings,joinedintheHolySacrifice. Hundredsofladiesandgentlemenremained standingthroughoutthewholeservice, unabletolinoanybetteraccommodation. AtterthefirstGospel,hisGracetheArchbishopascendedthealtarsteps,andfrom thisplacehepreachedtothecrow&Alcongregation.Thetextofthediscoursewas"TakeupMyyokeuponyou,andlearnof Mebecause1aimmeekandhumbleofheart," &c.(S.Matt.xi.Si)).Afterdescribingthe SacredHeartofourLordanditslovefor !lien,andexplainingwhatwasmeantby consecration,hisGracewentontotreatof J.T.Reilly,J.A.Lucas,F.J.Townsend,thegreatmiserycausedbymenthrowingoff thesweetyokeofChrist.Alludingtothis andM.Mannix,asacommitteetoframe rulesandregulationsfortheconductofthe same."Mr.F.Townsendwasappointed Secretary,andalsotoactasTreasurerpro. test,!twasfurtherresolvedtoholda meetingoftheSocietyonthe6thinst.,for theelectionofmembersandadoptionofrules.

country,hespokeasfollows:-Iftherebea countryunderthesunforwhichweoughtto prayitisournativecountry,andevery Catholic,particularlythosewhohavebeen borninaCatholiclaud,shouldperformthis duty.Andonthosewhohavebeenbornin alandthathasproveditsfidelitytoJesus andHisBlessedMotherbycenturiesofcruel suffering-onsuchCatholics1call,forthe loveoftheSacredHeart,todowhatJesus didupontheCross-toprayforthosewho havenotbeentheirfriends-forthose,rather, whohavebeentheirenemies,LetIrish

DaowNED.-OnSunday,the10thAugust, Mr.Haroldthedyerandhisstep-son,\Vansborough,were,weregrettoannounce, drownedMonger'slake.Fromtheevidence givenattheinquest,itappearsthatthe unfortunatemenwereoutduck-shooting,Catholicspray,"Fatherforgivethem,for when,duringasquall,itisconjecturedthetheyknownotwhattheydo."Dear brethren,thisislandofEnglandinonesense hassinnedmostgrievouslyagainstour DivineRedeemer.InanothersenseIhopeit "CrBUILDINGSITE.-OurreaderswilllearnwillpleadforthembeforeGod,thatthe withpleasurethatHisLordshiptheBishopEnglishpeopleareinnocentofthegreater haspurchasedapieceofgroundcontiguouspartofwhathasbeendoneintheirname. toVictoriaSpuareforthepurposeof Isayitwithoutfear,thattheEnglishpeople erectingaBoys'SchoolHousethereon.

boatinwhichtheywerewascapsized.A verdictinaccordancetherewithwasreturned,

TIIEBISHOP.-HisLordshiptheBishop purposesvisitingChampionBayduring thecurrentmonth.

THEVICARGENERAL-Ourfriends fliroulhoutthecolonywillrejoicetolearn ...ittflib,VeryRev.M.Gibneyisnowquite ArMiltiptcent,andhasagainresumedhis defresfaPerth.

CATHOLICYOUNGMEN'SSOCIITY.-Some ofthemem4ersofthisSocietygavea musi4ILditerary,andmiscellaneousEntertainosutat:theirHall,intheEpiscopal Residee,,oist:Tuesdayeveninglast,the 1sti Notwithstandingtheinclemency oftheetlfirillieentertainmentwasfairly attended;afireflectedgreatcredituponthe perforniersnorweretheirefforts unappreciatedbytheaudiencewhofrequentlybrokeoutintoloudapplause,while keepinguparunningfireoflaughter,during thecomicportionoftheprogramme.Several instrumentalandvocalpieceswererendered withmucheffect,whilethereadings-which, owingtotheunavoidableabsenceofthe President,Mr.Rielly,fellchieflytotheshare ofMr.Lucas-elicitedwarmandwelldeservedacknowledgementsforthemasterly andhumouristicstyleinwhichtheywere delivered.Theyconsistedofselectionsof severalshortbuttellingmorceaux relatingtothetroublesandjoysofcourtship andmatrimony-sorichasourceofbothand,inanotherpiece,depictedtoan

neverrejectedtheCatholicfaithTheyhave losttheirinheritanceindeed,butitwasnut theiracttorejectit-theywererobbedofit. Ahandfulofsinfulmen,proudintheir strength,andwieldingalltheprerogatives ofroyalpower,robbedthepeopleof England;brokeoffourwholelandfromthe unityofChristendom;cutitofffromthe unityoftheHolyCatholicChurchthroughouttheworld;brokethechannelsthrough whichflowedthelifeoffaith,andfilled men'smindswithdarkness,inwhich,not knowingfriendsfromfoes,theycontended withoneanotherandsoallmannerof strifesandcontentionssprangupwhich destroyedfaith.And,therefore,thosewho havetheinheritanceofthewholeofthe undoubtedfaithofJesusChrist(throughno meritoftheirown,fortheyarenobetter thanothermen),thosewhowereborninto thatinheritance,whoreceivedthethree sovereigngiftsoffaith,hope,andcharity, oughttopraythattheirilluminationmay spreadonceagianoverthisland,enablingits peopletoseethetruth,andgivingthema goodwilltopracticeit.Atthisday,alas theymistakethedarknessforlight,bitterness forsweetness;theyhavebeenmisledto thinkthatallthoseluminoustruthsofthe CatholicChurchareerrors,andthatthat holyCatholicChurchitselfisAntichrist.At thistiwethousandsandmillionsofpeopleare guiltyofthisgreatoffence,andtheirideas areperverted,distorted,andturnedagainst theChurchofGodbecausetheyknowno better.

(Tobecoxtinued.)

THEWESTAUSTRALIANCATHOLICRECORD,

POPEPIUSIX.

WEhaveverymuchpleasureinplacing beforeourreadersthefollowinginterestingsketchoftheLifeandTimesofour belovedPontiff,PiusIX.:HisbirthtookplaceatSinigaglia,in thenorthernpartofItaly,onthecoast oftheAdriatic,onMay13,1792. Hewasordainedpriestin1819,fiftyfiveyearsago;waselectedArchdishop ofSpoletoin1827;wastransferredto theSeeofImolainSeptember,1832; proclaimedCardinalinDecember,1840; andelectedPopeinJune16,1846.

Thesearethetime-marksofhisearlier life,duringtnewholeofwhichhewas remarkableforthevirtuousadornments ofthecharacterandpositionwhichhe heldthen,ashehasbeensince,for thosewhichhavedistinguishedhimin thathighestofallofficesonearthto whichGodhascalledhim.

sinatedhisMinisterRossi,becausehe wascalledtothatofficethathemight effectthereformswhichtheypretended weretheendofalltheirdesires.They roseinrevolt,surroundedthePope's palaceintumult,plantedcannonsin frontofit,andcompelledtheVicarof Christtoseeksafetyfromviolencein flightfromhisowncity,andthuspro longhislifeforfurthersorrow.For nearlytwoyearshewasanexilein Gaeta,intheKingdomofNaples,'until hewasrestoredbythevoiceofthe Frenchpeopleandthearmsofthe FrenchRepublictohisownplacein theChristianworld,ofwhichhehas beenagaindeprivedthroughthemachinationsofsecretsocieties,thevascillating policy,deceitfulpromises,andinsidious professionsoftheFrenchEmperor.He returnedtoRomeonApril12,1850.

Amongsthisvirtuesarepre-eminently thosewhichfindtheirrootinameeknessofdispositionandatendernessof heart.InhisofficeofPresidentover theHospitalofSt.Micheleduringhis earlypriesthood,hewasremarkable, notonlyforhisgreatdevotednesstoits onerousduties,butalsoforhisanxious careandtendersolicitudeforitsinmates. Noappealtohiskindnessandcharity wasevermadeinvain,andnumerous anecdotesweretoldofhisgenerousand affectionateresponsetoeveryclaim madeonhisattention.Thewantsof age,thehelplesnessofchildhood,the careofyouth,wereespeciallysubjects forhisanxiety.Inthattendernessof heart,whichthenshoweditselfinthe morelimitedchargewhichwasentrustedtohim,therewas,sidebysidewith it,thatnobleandunbendingfortitude ofmindwhichhassincecharacterized himinthegovernmentofthewhole Church.LikehisDivineMasterthe smileofachildcouldwinhisaffection, butthefrownofaworldcouldnot shakehisconstancy.

Duringallhislifehehadhadthe mostardentdevotiontothespotless purityofthemotherofGod;andthat spiritofprayer,whichhealwayshad, doubtlesshadbroughthimmuchconsolationinhisexile,whenheappealed toherwhohadseenthesorrowsofher Sonthatshewouldcompassionatethose ofHisVicar.OnhisreturntoRome heproceededtotheenquiryintothe FaithoftheChurchthroughallagesin thatgreatsubjectwhichissaintimately connectedwiththedoctrineofthe Incarnation,namely,theImmaculate ConceptionoftheVirginMother.On December8,1854,heproclaimedthe exactdefinitionoftheChurch'sbelief asithadbeenalwaysheld,thoughnot previouslydefinedinpreciseterms-an actofgratitudetoGod,anexampleof devotiontotheworld,andaproclamationoftruthdefensiveofthedoctrineof theDivinityofChrist,nowsomuch impugnedbymen.

Perhapsnone,oronlyveryfew,ever ascendedthethroneofSt.Peter suchuniversalapplauseasdilPope PiusIX.Foruniversalitwas,though shoutedfromadividedanddiscordant world.TheCatholicswhowere acquaintedwithhischaracterexulted thatonesoholy,solovingandsoloved, shouldthus,byGod'sdesign,beplaced overthem.TheenemiesoftheChurch then,asnow,activelyengagedinplot andinhostilitytoit,exultedlikewise, fortheyhopedthatthegentle,the generousandaffectionate,Giovanni MariaMastaiFeretti,theyonngCardinalBishopofImola,wouldsoonfall unsuspectinglyapreyintotheirsnares; andbecausetheyhopedthegentle BishopwouldbeatimidPope,they shoutedwithjoy.Amidstthisjubilationtherewasonelittlecauseofdepressiontothosewhobelievedthattheold prophecyattributedtoSt.Malachy, theArchbishopofArmagh,hadalready receivedsomanyfulfilmentsinthe occupantsoftheHolySee,and,might probablyinthiscasealso.Thewords whichfelltothelotofthenewPope were"CruxdeCruce,"evidently portendingsomethingofsorrowand affliction.Enigmaticalasallprophecies are,anddifficultoftranslation,their meaningwasnoteasilyperceived,and seemedwonderfullyoutofharmony withthejoywithwhichhewashailed, andthepraisewithwhichhewas spokenofButeventsduringthis twenty-eightyearspasthaveshown howapplicabletheyhavebeentothe lotwhichlaybeforehim."ACross forthesakeoftheCross,"wasoneof themostacceptedEnglishversionsof St.Malachy'sLatin.ACrosshehas indeedtrulyborneforthesakeofTruth andJustice,ofwhichheistherepresentativeandchampionintheworld,as theCrossofOurLordisthesymbolof theoneandtheother.

OnascendingthePontificalthronehe grantedanamnestytothosepolitical disturbersofthepublicpeaceorganized bythesecretsocietieswhomthestout andvigilantruleofPopeGregoryXVI. hadimprisoned.Theyspeedilyviolated theirdeclarationoffidelity,whichwas allthatwasexactedfromthem,andthe oathswhichsomanyvoluntaryadded, andtheyungratefullyconspiredanew againsttheirbenefactor.Theyassas-

outwordsofhimselforofhispredecessorsinwhichtheyhadbeenalfeady censured.

TheSyllabusatoncebecameabyeword;theapostlesofunbeliefandthe advocatesofrevolutionlevelledtheir deadliestenmityagainstit.Ridicule andmisrepresentation,theweapons whichterrifytheweakandtimorous, andmisleadtheill-informedandincautious,wereprincipallyemployed. ForPopePiusitwasnotenoughto condemntheerrorswhichstruckatthe foundationofallreligion.Thevery natureofGodhadbeenmisrepresented andHisexistencedenied.Heresolved thentosummonan(EcumenicalCouncil, and,inanagethemostunbeleiving thattheworldhaseverseen,toproclaimit,indistincttermsandonthe highestanthority,whattherevealed truthisandfromwhatsourceitmight bealwayslearned.TheCouncilofthe Vatican,themostnumerousthatever assembled,andthemostfreefromall controlofthepowersofthisworldthat waseverheld,metonDecember8,1869, andduringitssessionsbetweenthatand 20thOctober,1870,itgaveitsdefinitionsofthosefundamentaltruthsofthe Divinenaturewhichhadnever,until oflate,beenquestioned,andgaveto Christianity,inthefutureofhostility whichappearedtoawaitit,theauthority onwhichitcouldrelyforunerring teaching,thatoftheVicarofChrist. Hemightinthefuturebeacaptive, buttheWordofGodshouldnotbe prisonbound;heshouldstillgiveit freeutterance.Hemightbeawanderer, andhomelessasapriest,butthe universeishisinjurisdiction,andhis voicewhereverutteredisutteredfrom thecentre.

Afewyearsofpeaceunderthefeigned protectionofFrancesucceededthis, untilin1859,whenthosetroublesand commotionsbeganwhichendedinthe invasionofRomebytheSardinian troops,andtheSeizureofRomebythe Sardinian thatyearthe declarationoftheEmperorNapoleon, whichhemadeatBordeaux-"The EmpireisPeace"-wascasttothewinds, andhedeclaredwaragainstAustria. Withaduplicitypeculiarlyhisown,he madethetreatyofVillaFranca,init assignedapositioninItalianaffairs tothePope,whichhenevermeantthat heshouldoccupy,declaringalsoforthe returnoftheGrandDukes,whomhe nevermeanttocomeback.Shortly afterwardsheconcededtheannexation oftheirdukedomstoSardinia,annexed GenoaandNicetoFrance,andproposed thattheKingofSardiniashouldhold possessionoftheRomagnaunderthe mocktitleof"Vicar"tohisHoliness. Heafterwardslookedonquietlywhilst VictorEmmanuelseizedonthatterritory,underthepretextofpreserving order;andsooiward,frompretence andprofession,tothemanifestationof thedeceitofthefirst,andtheabandonmentofthesecond,untilAugust,1870, whenhewithdrewhislasttroopsfrom Rome,abandoningthePopetothe Italianconspirators,and,himselftohis fate-sosoonaccomplished. Havingtakenthatpassingglanceat, theTemporalruleofthePope,itis wellnowtolookathisSpiritualrule. Tenyearsafterthedefinitionofthe ImmaculateConception,andonthe anniversaryofthatmemorableday,the HolyFatherappearedbeforetheworld, thecensureroferror,ashehadbefore appearedtheproclaimeroftruth.From theso-calledReformationofthesixteenthcentury,itsfundamentalpricniple, therejectionofspiritualauthority,had graduallydevelopedintoaspiritof unbelief.Thesocialandpolitical revolutionsoftheeighteenthcentury andofthebeginningofthenineteenth hadrapidlyincreasedthatdevelopment, untilaseriesofpropositions,themost directlyopposedtodivinetruthandto humanrightandjustice,hadbeenpromulgated,taughtandacceptedby numbersastheteachingsofwisdomand philosophy.Onthatday,the8thof December,1864,thePopeissuedhis Encyclical"QuantaCura"condemning thisspiritofunbelief,andaccompanied byaSyllabusofeightyofthese erroneousandmisleadingpropositions, attachingcensurestothem,or,pointing

theoldenemy,ragesatitssoundwitha hatredunsurpassedandaningenuity beforeunequalled."HowLung,U Lord,howlong?"

THECATHOLICHIERARCHY.

Thefollowingparticularsandstatisticsof theHierarchyoftheCatholicChurch,publishedlastweekbytheCatholicUutonof Ireland,willbeofinteresttoourreaders. HisHolinessPiusIX.isthetwohundred andfifty-dxthsuccessorofSt.Peter,andis, consequently,thetwohundredandfiftyseventhPope.HewasbornatSinigagliaon May13th,1792.Heisnowinhiseightysecondyear,inthe55thyearofhisPriesthood,inthe47thyearofhisEpiscopacy,and the28thyearofhisPontificate.TheCollege ofCardinalsmayreachtothenumberof seventy-two,buttheyhavescarcelyever passedthenumberofseventy.TheCardinalateisdividedintothreeorders-Bishops, Priests'andDeacons.Thenumberof CardinalBishopsmaybesix,theCardinal Priestsfifty,andtheCardinalDeacons sixteen.Ordinarilyspeaking,aCardinal mustbeatleastintheholyorderofdeaconship,butthePopecanselectforthehollow simplelaymen,who,however,mustthen enterholyorders.Atpresentthenumberof theSacredCollegeisfifty-three.TheDean oftheSacredCollegeisCardinalPatrizi, whoisalsotheVicar-GeneraloftheHoly Father.HisEminenceisinhis77thyear. CardinalAntonelli,CardinalDeaconofSt. MariainViaLata,isinhis68thyear.Next inranktotheCardinalsarethePatriarchs. TherearetenPatriarchs,ofwhomthechief istheSovereignPontiff,andhasthe:itleof PatriarchoftheWest.TheotherPatriarchs arethoseofConstantinople,accordingtothe Latinrite-forthePatriarchaccordingto theGreekriteisaSchismaticofAlexandria, accordingtotheLatinrite;ofAntioch, wheretherearefourrecognized.Catholic Patriarchs-thefirstaccordingtotheLatin ritethesecond,accordingtotheSyriac; thethird,accordingtotheMaronite;and thefourth,accordingtotheGreekMelchite; ofJerusalem,accordingtotheLatinrite;of Babylon,accordingtotheChaldienrite;of Cilicia,accordingtotheArmenianrite;of theWestIndies,accordingtotheLatinrite; ofLisbon,;accordingtotheLatinrite;of Venice,accordingtotheLatinrite.The oldestofthePatriarchsisMonsignor`Hassoun,PatriarchofCilicia.TheEpiscopacy isthehighestorderintheChurch,counting init,asitdoes,thePope,Cardinal-Bishops, thegreaterpartoftheCardinal-Priests,and thePatriarchs.Inorderofdignity,next comePrimates,MetropolitanArchbishops, Bishopswithterritorialjurisdiction,Bishops inpartibusinfidelism,&c. Nextcome Vicars-Apostolic,andApostolicPrefectures -theVicars-ApostolicenjoyingEpiscopal rank,andtheApostolicDelegatesare generallyArchbishopsorBishops.The Catholicworldisdividedinto86.;dioceses, exclusiveoffiveApostolicDelegations,109 VicarshipsApostolic,andtwenty-eight ApostolicFrefectures.-CatholicOpinion.

ItisthisdefinitionoftheInfallibility, thatis,oftheunerringandauthoritative teachingoftheVicarofChrist,that hasquickenedthehostilityoftheworld, andhasteneditsactionagainsthim. Thechief.GovernmentsontheEuropean Continenthavefallenintothehandsof menwhoareopposedtotheChristian Church,andmanytoChristianityitself. Theyandtheirpartisanswerethe authorsandthepropagatorsofthose theorieswhichwereconcentratedinthe eightypropositionscondemnedbythe Syllabus.Thesetheorieswerenew, andthevoiceofauthorityhadnot spokenonthembefore.Theywere ingeniouslyandcraftilyputforward, andmanywhocouldnotfindtheirway throughthelabyrinthofwordswith whichtheyweresurrounded,norunravelthesophismsbywhichtheywere advocated,hadbeenmisledintoan approbation,perhapsanadoptionof them.Hencetheviolentoutcryagainst theSyllabus.Theyhaditstill,however,intheirpowertoquestionthe authorityoftheSyllabus,andthe extentoftheobligationattachedtothe Pope'scensureimpliedinit.Theydid so.ButwhentheVaticanCauncil,in itsdecreesancanons,"onGod,""on Revelation,""onFaithandonReason," definedthetrueCatholicteaching,and anathematizedtheerrorsonthesesubjectswhichhadbeencensuredinthe Syllabus;and,tothis,addedthedecree oftheinerrabilityorinfallibilityofthe Pope'steaching,throughtheDivinepromiseandwill,whenhedefinesadoctrine concerningfaithandmoralsasitistobe heldbytheuniversalChurch;thentheir rageknewnobounds,andthepretext thatthishadalteredtherelations betweentheChurchandtheStateswas putforwardasadisguiseforthat revenge,whichitissoughttowreak uponthePontiffandtheChurch,for havingstrickentheirnewdoctrinesand theorieswithAnathema.

Wehaveinthesethepoliticaland thespiritualcausesofthePope'spositionandoftheChnrch'safflictionat thisday.ThecaptivePontiffinRome, theimprisonedBishopsinGermany, theexiledofSwitzerland,thethreatened persecutionsinAustria,allfindtheir causeshere.

ThePontiffisaprisonerinhisown city,buthisvoice,proclaimingTruth andJustice,reachestothefurthest boundariesoftheearth.ACatholicity, moreextensiveandmoreunitedthan haseverbeforeexisted,listenswith reverencetothatword,andreceivesit asadivinelysentmessage.Theworld,

JOHNBUNYAN.

Canonizationwouldhardlybeadescriptive wordforthecelebrationatBedfordon WednesdayinhonourofthegreatProtestant allegorist.Therewere,indeed,severalthings doneontheoccasionthatseemsuggestive ofacertainanalogytothehonourspaidbythe ChurchtoaherooftheFaithabronze statue,thegiftoftheDukeofBedford, erectedonSt.Peter's-green,Bedford,was "unveiled"bythewifeofthechiefProtestantdignitaryofWestminster.Thetown church-bellswererunginpeals;therewasa largeassemblageofpeoplemostlyofthe humbleclass,eagertoparticipateinthecoitus; therewerefloridlyoratoricalpanegyrics and-mostun-Protestatofall-therewasan expositionof"relics";but,whatwouldbe theessentialmatterwithCatholics,there wasnothingdoneorsaidtoindicatethat thosepresenthadanycommunityofdoctrinal beliefwithJohnBunyan;stillleasthat theyregardedhimasevennowaninfluential member,oramemberatall,ofthereligions organizationtowhichtheythemselves belonged;and,assuch,ableandwillingto renderthemstillmorevaluableservicesthan anywhichhehadperformedonearth.Their admirationofhimatBedfordseemstohave beenhardlyanythingmorethanmighthave beenrenderedatStratford-on-Miento Shakespeare,oratAyrtoBurns.Itwas perhapscuriousthatasBunyan-ultra-Protestantashewas-couldfindnoimageryfor hisworld-famedallegorysavetheCatholic imageryofpilgrimagesandcrusaders, guardianangelsandconflictswithdemons; soathissolongposthumouscelebration,the onlypositivefeaturesavailableshouldbe borrowedfromtheusagesoftheChurch. Fromthereportofhisspeechweobserve that:DeanStanleyseemstohaveavoidedthe customaryinaccuracyofclassingBunyanas a"Puritan."Inthepropermeaningofthat termhecertainlywasnothingofthekind; hewasaBaptist,or,astheDeanmorecorrectlyputit,"anAnabaptist";amemberof thatsect"whichhasmanagedtodisobey "moateffectuallyoneoftheplainestcom"mendsoftheGospel,whichhasnotsuffered "thelittlechildrentoapproachtheirSaviour; "andwhich,"asDr.Stanleyalsoreminded hisbearers,"oncestruckterroranddismay "byitsverynamethroughouttheStatesof "Europe"-theProtestantaswellasthe CatholicStates;asectwhichinitsturnwas persecutedbythePuritansalmostasfiercely asweretheCatholicsandtheQuakers.-Tablet,

THEWESTAUSTRALIAN

THECATHOLICINDIANSOF NORTHAMERICA.

TheUnitedStatesGovernmenthas beenpursuingacruelpolicytowards theCatholicIndianswithintheirterritory,IthasremovedtheCatholic missionaries,andhandedtheIndiahs overtothecareofProtestantteachers. WereadasfollowsintheCincinnati CatholicTelegraph:-"Adelegation fromtheOsageNationhasbeimsentto WashingtontobegfromtheGovernmenttheboonofworshippingGod accordingtothedictatesofconscience. ThistribeofIndianshasbeenCatholic formanygenerations.TheJesuits taughtthemlongago,notonlyChristianity,butthehabitsofpeaceful civilizedlife.TheCatholicChurch, unaidedbytheGovernment,builtfor theseIndianschurchesandschools. TheladiesoftheSacredHearthave labouredintheforestwithaspiritof self-sacrificenevertobeforgotten,for mdiethanaquarterofacentury,to trainandformthegirlsofthisnation intoChristianwomen.Underthe cultureofourReligionsOrdersthe portionoftheWesternwildernesswhich theOsagesoccupiedblossomedlikethe rose.Amongtheirthousandsofconverts,Catholicmissionarieslived,and labouredanddied.Theywerelettin undisputedpossessionuntilthe"Christian"policyofthepresentadministra- tionofferedtoProtestantteachersfat salariesforteachingtheIndians.To furnishafieldforthezealofProtestantism,thussuddenlyawakened,the BoardofIndianCAnmissionersdeprived theCatholicOsagesoftheservicesof theJesuits,andimposeduponthem Protestantpreachers.Catholicchurches andschools,totheerectionofwhich theGovernmenthadcontributednothing, weretransferredtothem.TheOsages remonstratedagainstthisviolationof theirreligiousliberty,andthisinjustice totheirCatholicinstructorswhomthey badreveredandobeyedformanygene- rations.Buttheirremonstrancenever reachedWashington,orifitdid, broughtthemnorelief.Thepersecution continued-the"Christian"preachers sentamongthemhealtotheirlucrative sinecuresandmockedthecomplaintsof theIndianswhorefusedtolistentotheir doctrines.Inthehopeofobtaininga hearing,andofbeingfreedfromthis atrocioussystemofcoercion,therepre-sentativesofthetribehavecarriedto theCommissionerofIndianAffairsa petition,inwhichthefollowingtouching paragraphoccurs:-"Catholicmissionarieshavebeenamongourpeopleforseveralgenerations.Ourpeople arefamiliarwiththeirreligion.The greatmajorityofthemareofthe Catholicfaithandbelieveitisright. Onrchildrenhavegrownupinthis faith.Manyofourpeoplehavebeen educatedbytheCatholicmissionaries,andourpeopleareIndebtedtothemfor alltheblessingsofChristianityand civilizationthattheynowenjoy,and haveforthemagratefulremembrance. Sincethesemissionarieshavebeentaken awayfromuswehavedonebutlittle good,andhavemadepooradvancement incivilizationandeducation.Our wholenationhasgrievedeversince thesemissionarieshavebeentakenawayfromus,andhaveprayedcontinuouslythattheGreatSpiritmightmoveupon theheartofourgreatfather,the President,andcausehimtoreturn these,poormissionariestous.Wetrust thathewilldoso,becausein1865, whenwesignedthetreatyofthatdate, thecommissionerwhomadeitpromised usthatifwesigneditweshouldagain haveouroldmissionaries,andwehave soughteveryopportunitytoremindour greatfatherofhispromise,andwehope thathewillhaveitcarriedoutingood faith."Thepetitionbearsthefollow- ingcurioussignatures:-JosephPawne-no-posh,GovernorOsages;Nopah- wa-la(hisXmark),ChiefLittle Osages;BigChief(hisXmark)Big ChiefBand;WhiteHair(hisXmark), WhiteHairBand;BlackDog(hisX mark),BlackDogBaudStrikeAxe (hisXmark),LittleOsages;Clic-topes(hisXmark),ChiefCouncillor; Wah-te-in-hah(hisXmark),Chief Councillor;AlexanderBezett,Samuel Augustus,Captain;PaulAken,Interpreter.-CatholicOpinion.

CATHOLICRECORD,SUNDAY,SEPTEMBER6,1874.

COMINGTRANSITOFVENUS.

TheCatholicWorldhasamasterly paperontheComingTransitof`Venus, aneventthatmakes1874anotable yearinthecentury.Forthepurpose ofobservingthatphenomenon,the principalGovernmentsoftheworldare vieingwitheachotherintheirprepara- tions.Russiawillhavetwenty-seven stationsorwatchtowers;England,France,andGermanyaboutadozen each;theUnitedStates,eight;Austria,Belgium,Holland,Denmark,Italy,and evendistractedSpain,others.The telescopicscrutinyofthekeenesteyedandprofoundestastronomersnowliving willallbeturned,onWednesday,the 9thofDecember,towardsthesunfrom suitablestand-points-forwhatpurpose?

Tpwatchthepassageortransitofa tinyblackdotacrosstheluminousdisc ofthatcentralorbofoursystem.The lasttransitofVenuswitnessedoccurred intheJuneof1769,acoupleofmonthsbeforethebirthofthegreatNapoleon. Thenext(aftertheonenowimmediately awaited)willnotcomerounduntilthe Decemberof1882.Inthenext(the twentieth)centurytherewillbeno transitofVenuswhatever! Afterthe datelastmentioned-ie.,theDecember of1882-nothingatallofthekindwill happen,infact,untilthecomingofthe yearofourLord2004.Theimportanceoftheopportunitynowawaitingthe astronomerslies,itisworthyofremembrance,inthis,thatitwillenablethem torectifytheiratpresentdubious standardofmeasurementfortheabysses ofspace.Givenareliablestandard, suchasmaynowbeobtained,andthe relativedistancesbetweenthevarious partsofthemechanismoftheheavens maybecalculatedwithasmuchcer- taintyandprecisionasatractofcountry canbemappedoutbyalandsurveyor withtheaidofhisappliances,paper andpencilinhand,armedwithtape, chain,andtheodolite.Accordingto Oneofthethreelawssowondrously arrivedatbyKepler,theperiodictimes ofanytwoplanets,suchastheEarth andVenus,arewhencomparedwith eachotherproportionaltothecubesof theirmeandistancesfromthesun,roundwhichtheyarerevolving.The lengthofouryearbeing363.2422414 days,andthatofVenusbeing224. 70048625-days"if,"saysthewriter intheCatholicWorld,"wedividethe formerbytheilatter,squarethequotient,andthenextractthecuberootofthis quotient,weshallobtainthenumber whichindicatestheproportionbetween thetwomeandistances.Hencewe havehithertocometolearnthatifthe distanceoftheearthfromthesunbe takenas100,000,000miles,themean distanceofVenuswill,bynecessity,be 72,333,240miles."Rememberingwhat hasbeentheimprovementofour astronomicalinstrumentsduringthelast 105years-thatis,sincethelasttransit ofVenus,thatofJune,1769-the applicationofphotographytotherecord ofsuchphenomena,andtheelectric linkingtogetherofstationwithstation bymeansofthesubmarinetelegraph,it mustbeobviousthattheresultarrived atwillbethenearestpossibleapproxi- mationtothe.exacttruthastowhatis theactualmeandistancefromthesun ofVenus,(theplanetwhichfromthis earthisnowabouttobeobservedin transitu)and,byconsequence,the actualmeandistancefromthesunof theearthitself.

HOMERULEANDTI1EHOUSE OFCOMMONS

HomeRuleinitspresentformisbut athingofyesterday,andyetitsParliamentarysupportersamongtheIrish representativeswantbutoneofsixty, andevenitsenemiesmustacknowledge thatitpossessesaminimumstrength offifty-six.Thisisinitselfamost significantfact,forthegeniusofa mightyleaderandtheexertionsofa devotedpeoplecouldneverbringthe Repealphalanxuptomorethantwo- thirdsofthatnumber.Northand South,EastandWest,wereallrepre- sentedintheConference,whichfound afittinganddignifiedpresidentinthe RightHonourabletheLordMayor, whooccupiedthechairatonceasthe

prehendrapidlywhatevertheyare taught,andretainitintheirmemory. Theyare.persevering,astonishinglyac-tivewhentheychoosetoexertthemselves,respectfultoauthority,submissiveandobedient,andtheywould easilyaccommodatethemselvestoall theexigenciesoftheseverestdiscipline. TheChinesepossesalsoaqualitymost preciousinsoldiers,andwhichcan scarcelybefoundaswelldevelopedin anyotherpeople-namely,anincomparablepowerofsupportingprivations ofeverykind.Wehaveoftenbeen astonishedtoseehowtheybearhunger, thirst,heat,cold,thedifficultiesand fatiguesofalongmarch,asifthey weremereplay.Thus,bothmorally endphysically,theyteemcapableof meetingeverycallwhichcouldbemade uponthem,andwithrestlecttonumbers theresolutionsaimistheformationandtheymightbeenrolledbymillions.The

wouldalsobenoveryhardmatter. Therewouldbenooccasiontohaverecoursetoforeignnations.Theirown countrywouldfurnishinabudanceall thematerialthatcouldbedesired,as wellasworkmenwithoutnumber,quick atcomprehendinganynewinvention. Chinawouldpresentalsoinexhustible resourcesfortheformationofanavy. Withoutspeakingofthevastextentof hercoasts,ofthenumerouspopulation whichpass,thegreaterpartoftheir livesonthesea,thegreatriversand immenselakesintheinterior,covered withfishingandtradingjunks,would alonefurnishmultitudeofmen,habituatedfromtheirinfancytonavigation; active,andexperienced,slidcapableof becomingexcellentsailorsevenforlong voyages.TheChinesewillverysoon buildvesselsonthemodelofthoseof Europe,andafewyearswouldenable themtoputtoseawithsuchafleetas hasneverbeenseen.Nodoubtthe readerwillthinkthenotion..:ofthis immensearmy,thisavalancheofmen descendingfromthehightable-laudof AsiaasinthetimeofTchinggis-Khan, theseinnumerableChinesevessels ploughingeveryseaandblockading even fantasticourownports,anexceedingly one,andweourselvesarefur frontthinkingitlikelytoberealized. Butwhenyoubecomethoroughly acquiantedwiththisempireof400 millionsofinhabitants,whenyou appreciatetheresourcesoftheserich andfertilecountries,youcannotbutask whatshouldpreventsuchanationfrom exercisingagreatinfluenceuponthe affairsofthewholehumanrace.What isneededisamanofgenius,aman trulygreat,onecapableofutilizingthe powerandvitalityofthisempire,more populousthanallEurope,andwhich alreadyreckonsmorethanthirty centuriesofcivilization.Shouldau Emperorariseendowedwithagreat intellectandanironwill,determinedto breakatoncewiththeancienttradition andtofosteramonghissubjectsthe progressivecivilizationoftheWest,we believethattheworkof,regeneration wouldproceedwithrapidstrides;that perhapstheseChinesewhonowappear suchaveryridiculouspeople,mightbe lookeduponsomewhatmoreseriously, andthattheymightevenbethecause ofmortaluneasinesstothosewhonow soeagerlycovetthespoilsoftheancient nationsofAsia."

ChiefMagistrateoftheIrishmetropolis andtheHomeRulememberforthe premierIrishconstituency.Theproceedingswere,weunderstand,eminently characterizedbythatdisplayofmutual consideration,moderation,andgood-will sonecessaryforsuccessinthestruggle for laturetherestorationofourNativeLegisinwhichthenationisnow embarked.Theresolutionsadoptedat theConferenceweto-dayplacebeforethepublic.Theycontainnoloudtalk, noexcitedphraseology.Theybreathe thatspiritofdignifiedmoderation,of calm whichandself-contentedearnestness, iswell-calculatedtoconvincethe judgmentoftheEnglishpeoplethat theirinterestsandtheinterestsofthe Empirewillbeasmuchservedbythe concessionofHomeRuleasthoseof Irelandherself.Theobjectatwhich consolidationofaHomeRulepartyinequipmentofthisimmensearmy theHouseofCommons.Thatpartyis topursueusitsgreatendtherestorationofournativeLegislature,andis nottohamperandweakenitselfbyany unionwithEnglishpoliticalcombinations.Fromthenewpartyyesterday launchedonthegreatseaofParliamentarylifeweentertainthehighest hopes.Wehavebeentoldbycertain Englishcriticsthatinthepresentstate oftheHouse,theHomeRulersare powerlessforsuccessfulParliamentaryaction.Themenwhotalkinthisway paybutapoorcomplimenttothe ParliamentofBritain.Intheiropinion Parliamentarypoliticsaremerematters ofarithmeticandchicanery;andabody ofmembers,howeverstricttheirlogic, powerfultheirarguments,andjust theircause,willbepowerlessunlessa successfulstrokeofParliamentaryfinesseenablesthemtoformportionof aParliamentarymajority.Weconfess that,forourpart,weregardtheHouse ofCommonsinanotherandahigher aspect.Weregarditasagreat assemblyinwhichtruthandjustice havesomeweight,andwhichisamenabletootherconsiderationsthanthe brutaloneofamajorityofvotes.The presenceofsomesixtyIrishHome RulersintheHouseofCommonswilldrawtheattentionofthatbodytothe HomeRulequestioninaverypractical andstrikingway.OncethatEnglish attentionissodirected,weentertainno doubtoftheresult.ThehomeRule partywillshowintheHouseofCommonsthemingledfirmnessandmoderationwhichcharacterizedthemeetingof yesterday.Theywillprovetheeasilydemonstrablethesisthattheconcession ofHomeRulewouldnotalonesatisfy thejustdcmur.dsofIreland,butwould givetheEmpireastrengthanda cohesionwhichitneverbeforepossessed. PrudentandsensiblemeninEngland areperfectlywellawarethatinthe greatframeoftheBritishEmpirethere is,asMacaulaysaid,oneweakspot: thatspotneartheheart.Irishalienation paralysestheImperialstrength.English- menknowthis;manyofthemaremost anxiousforahappierandhealthierstate ofthings,andwearemosthopefulof theearlysuccessofthemovement, whenonceEnglishmenbegintoseehow moderate,wise,constitutional,and,in thobestsense,conservative,isthe demandwhichEnglishjournalistshave depictedusviolent,illegal,destructive, andrevolution-FreemensJourn

ary. a CHINESEDREAMSOFCONQUEST.

ItiswellknownthattheChineseare largelyarmingbyseaandland. PropheciesandtraditionarebeingwidelycirculatedthroughouttheEmpirethat theirlastgreatconquestistobeover the"outerbarbarians."WhetherGod willeverpermitthemtobecomethe scourgeofraceswhohaverequitedHisbenefitsandblessingsbyahaughtycontemptofHislaws,orbolddenialof Hisrevelationandareturntopaganism, isaquestionwhichitwouldbeasrash todenyastoassert.FatherHuc,the missionary,someyearsagowroteas follows,andunderpresentcircumstances hiswordsdeserveattention:-"Itmay bethatitwouldbepossibletofindin Chinaall-theelementsnecessaryfor organizingthemostformidablearmyin theworld.TheseChinesareintelligent, ingenious.anddocile.Theycom-

THEDISTRESSINEAST.BIJRHAH.-M.TancredeContiwritesfromToungooon thedistressinBurmah:-"ThePrefect- Apostolic,whohasbeenabsentforamonthenhisannualvisitamongtheCarianvillages, givesasadaccountofthestateoftheun- happyCarians.Theyareaccustomedto poverty,butalittlericesufficesfortheir wants,andthistheyhithertohavehad.This yearithasbeenblastedbeforetheireyes. AlreadymanynativesofBanco°haveperish- edofhunger,andyetthisisnotthehardest anonoftheyear.Therainyseasonismoreterrible,forthentheyareunabletosearch themountainsfortheherbsuponwhich theyekeoutascantysubsistence.Pooras wearewehaveyet,hadsufficientuptothis time,byeconomizingourresources,torelieve thegreatpressureofwant.Thevillages thatwehavesuccouredcometousagain,and wehavenothingmoretogivethem.But thetruthofthesayinghasbeenprovedin ourcase-Dateetdabiturveins.OurCarians sufferanddieofhunger,butour'uropean brethrenmovedwithpity,have etooar assistance."

Printedandpublishedatthe holicBoys'Orphanage,Subiaco,nearPerth, WestAustralia. .;