No.31.-VoL.III. ESUBIACO,WEDNESDAY,DECEMBER6,1876.
tittlial6Itanings,
MR.FROUDE'STRIBUTETOTHECATHOLIC CHURCH.
Thefollowingisfromapublic&Weinby
Mr.JamesAnthonyFronde,whichappeared intheManchesterTimesandExaminer:"Neverinallhistory,inancientand moderntimes,thattheworldknewof,had mankindknownanythingsogrand,souseful, sobeautifulastheCatholicChurchoncewas. Intheseourtimeswellregulitedselfishness wastherecognisedraleofaction-everyone wasexpectedtolookoutforhimself,andto takecareofhisowninterests.Atthetime hespokeof,theChurchruledtheStatewith theauthorityofaconscience,andself-interestasamotiveofactionwasonlynamedto beabhorred.Wisdom,justiceandself-denial, nobleness,purity,high-mindedness-these werethequalificationsbeforewhichthefree bornracesofEuropehadbeencontentedto bow,andinnoorderofmenweresuch qualitiestobefoundastheywerefoundsix hundredyearsagointheclergyoftheCatholicChurch.Theycallthemselvesthesuccessorsoftheapostles;theyclaimedintheir Master'snameuniversalspiritualauthority buttheymadegoodtheirpretentiousbythe holinessoftheirlives.Theywereallowed torulebecausetheydeservedtorule,andin thefullnessofreverencekingsandnobles bentbeforeapowerwhichwasnearer toGodthantheirown.Overprinceand subject,chieftianandserf,abodyofunarmed anddefencelessmenreignedsupremebythe influenceofsanctity.Hedidnotpretend thattheclergywereperfecttheywerevery farfrombeingperfectatthebestoftimes andtheEuropeannationswerenevercompletelysubmissivetothemitwouldnot havebeenwelliftheyhadbeen.Thebusinessofhumancreaturesinthisplanetwasnot summedupinthemostexcellentofpriestly cathechismstheworldanditsconcerns continuedtointerestmen,thoughpriestsinsistedontheirnothingness.Theycouldnot preventkingsfromquarrellingwitheach othertheycouldnothinderdisputedsuccessions,andcivilfeuds,warsandpolitical conspiracies;whattheydidwastoshelter theweakfromthestrong.Intheeyesof theclergytheserfandhislordstoodonthe commonlevelofsinfulhumanity.Into theirrankshighbirthwasnopassport.They were,forthemostpart,childrenofthepeople,andthesonsoftheartizanandpeasant rosetothemitreandtriplecrown,justas now-a-days,therailsplitterandthetailor becamePresidentoftheRepublicofthe West.ThemonasteriesoftheCatholic Church,anothervastfeatureofthemiddle ages,whentheywereinhabitedbyfraternitiesofmenwhodesiredtodevotethemselves togoodness,andwho,inordertodoso,took vowsofpoverty,thattheymightnotbeentangledwiththepursuitofmoneyandof chastity,thattheymightnotbedistracted withthecaresofafamily.Theirdayswere spentinhardbodilylabor,instudyorin visitingthesick;atnighttheywereonthe stonefloorsoftheirchapels,holdinguptheir witheredhandstoheaven,intercedingfor thepoorsoulsinpurgatory.Thesystem spreadtothefarthestlimitsofChristendom. Thereligioushousesbecameplacesofrefuge, wheremenofnoblebirth,kingsandqueens, andemperors,andwarriors,andstatesmen, retiredtolaydowntheirsplendidcares,and endtheirdaysinpeace.Thosewithwhom theworldhaddealthardlyandthosewhom ithadsurfeitedwithitsunsatisfyingpleasures'thosewhoweredisappointedwith earth,andthosewhowerefilledwithpassionateaspirationsafterheaven,alikefound ahavenofrestinthequietcloisters. Graduallylandscametothem,andwealth andsoicaldignity-allgratefullyextended tomenwhodeservedwelloftheirfellows; whilenolandlordsweremorepopularthan they,forthesanctityofthemonkssheltered theirdependantsaswellasthemselves."
SIRCHARLESNAPIERONPURGATORY.
"Whatistohappentous? Averyshort timewillnowletmeintothesecret,and curiosityisstrongwithinme,increasingas thetimedrawsnearer.Idonotthinkmy balance-sheetwillbewhitenoman'sis.I tryhardtodomyduty,butdonotsatisfy myself.andGodwillnotmakemejudgemy ownsoul,orIamalostman.Yetifso, theremustbeapurgatory,forIwouldnot honestlypronouncemyselfworthyofheaven, noraltogetherofeternaldamnation."
Thispassagefromtheprivatejournalof SirCharlesNapierisastrikingproofofthe intimateconnectionbetweensoundsenseand Catholicdoctrine.-J.C.Guardian.
ANEWCUREFORRHEUMATISM.
besuccessful.AnAmericandoctorinjected tendropsofcoldwaterundertheskinin thelumbarregion,oneachsideofthespinal column,andinlessthanaminutethepatient, awomanwhohadbeensufferingfromlumbagoforthreeyears,feltrelief.Sometime afterwardsthepainreturned,butwasmitigatedthenextdaybyapuncturewithout injection,andthewoman,whohadbeenso longcrippled,wasabletoworkatasewing machine.Anothercaseofrheumatismofthe ankle-jointwascuredbytheinjectionof tendropsofwater,asalsowasathirdof nodularrheumatism,involvingtheshoulder, elbow.wrist,andknee-jointoftherightside, Inallthesecasesaslightcomplaintwas made,atthemomentofinjectingthewater, ofaburningsensation,butnotmorethan whenanyotherfluidisusedforalikepurpose.Inthelastcase,tensyringfulsof waterwereinjectedatonevisit,sothereis nodangerfromthequantityemployed. Francehasthecreditofthisdiscovery.
MOSQUITOES.
Aningeniousdoctorrecentlydiscovered thatmosquitoeswereablessingindisguise, butneverthelessmostpeoplestillconsider themoneoftheplaguesoflifeandthey maythereforepossiblybegratefultobetold ofanewwayofdiscomfitingthesmalltorments.Awriterinanexhangesays:"Latelymybrother-in-law,beingverymuch disturbedinhissleepbymosquitoes,took intohisheadtoplaceayoungplantof eucalyptusinhisroomovernight.From thatmomenttheinsectsdisappeared,andhe sleptincomfort.Ihavebeenfollowinghis example,withthesameresult.
THECULTIVATIONOFSILKINAUSTRALIA.
Mrs.S.F.Neillstatesthatthecultivation ofanewproductionofsilk,proceedsrapidly, inAustralia.ThetreewasveryearlyimportedfromtheCape;sheherselfimported 1,000plantsfromShanghaiofthecelebrated "Tu"variety,and120whiteVeronesemulberries,andtherearcatleast1,000,0(x1mulberry-treesgrowinginAustralia.Mrs.Neill alsosucceededaftergreateffortandexpense inimportinghealthyEuropeangrainfrom Switzerland,andnowthequalityofthe Australiansilkhasobtainedthehighest testimonialfromContinentalexperts,and -whichisthehighesttestimonialofalloffersof100francsperkilo,forthereeled Australiansilk.Thisismostsatisfactoryto Australians,andoughttobeequallysoto Europeans,assilkthreatenstoadvancetoa pricelikethatitfetchedinQueenElizabeth'sreign.Theworldcanlivewithout silk,butitisapitytoloseanythingatonce beautifulanduseful,especiallywhenone woman'senergyandbrainscandosomuch topreserveit.
POISONINGFROMLEADINVEGETABLES.
Dr.D.DeLoos,ofLeyden,writes (saystheBritishMedicalJournal) intheWee/WadvanhetnederlanschTaljschrill veerGeneeshundethathewasconsultedin Octoberlastregardingcertainsymptomsof paralysisandnervousdisturbancewhich suggestedtheideaofleadpoisoning.The symptomsoccurredinafamilyresiding intheneighborhoodofaplacewhereamanufactoryofwhiteleadhadstoodtwelveyears previouslytheymadeuseofvegetables growingonthespot.Inordertomakeit certainthatthepoisoningwasproduced,as hebelievedittobe,bythevegetables,Dr. DeLoosexaminedchemicallysomeredbeet, endive,andcarrots,andascertainedthepresenceofleadinall.Inabeetweighing560 grammes,hefoundtheequivalentofacentigrammeofmetallicleadinanotherof aboutthesamesize,113centigrammes;in sixcarrots,weighingaltogether272grammes, therelacentigrammesofmetalliclead;and themetalwasalsofoundintheendive.The ashesoftheplantsalsocontainedtracesof capper,whichhadprobablyexistedasan impurityofthelead.-OverlandMail.
THEFORCESOFRUSSIA.
maybecalledtheArmyoftheBlackSea.
ThefourthisthearmyoftheCaucasus,and is100,000strong.Itisdeployedonthe frontierofTurkey-in-Asia,andcantakethe fieldinamoment.Thislasthasrecently receivedtwenty-fiveambulances,andthe Grand-DukeMichael,governoroftheprovince,whowassojourningatBaden,hasreceivedurgentorderstoreturntohispostat Tiflis.Sothatwhatevevermaybesaidtothe contrary,Russiahasapowerfulforcepreparedforpromptaction, AtSt.Helena.NapoleonsaidtoO'Mara, "InthecourseofafewyearsRussiawillhave Constantinople,thegreatestpartofTurkey, andallGreece.ThisIholdtobeascertain asifithadalreadytakenplace.Almostall thecajolingandflatteringwhichAlexander practisedtowardsmewastogainmyconsent,foreseeingthatequilibriumofEurope wouldbedestroyed.Inthenaturalcourse ofthingsinafewyearsTurkeymustfallto Russia.Thegreatestpartofherpopulation areGreeks,whoyoumaysayRussians.The powersitwouldinjure,andwhocouldoppose it,areEngland,France.PrussiaandAustria. NowastoAustriaitwillbeveryeasyfor Russiatoengageherassistancebygivingher Serviaandotherprovincesborderingonthe AustriandominionreachingneartoConstantinople.TheonlyhypothesisthatFrance andEnglandwilleverbealliedwithsinceritywillbeinordertopreventthis.But eventhisalliancewouldnotavail.France Englandandl'russiaunitedcannotprevent it.RussiaandAustriacanatanytimeeffect it.OncemistressofConstantinople,Russia getsallthecommerceoftheMediterranean, becomesagreatnavalpowerandGodknows whatmayhappen.Shequarrelswithyou (England)marchesofftoIndia,anarmyof 70,000goodsoldierswhichtoRusssiais nothing.and100,000CanailleCossacksand others,andEnglandlosesIndia,Aboveall otherpowersRussiaismosttobefeared, especiallybyyou.Hersoldiersarebraver thantheAustriansandshehasthemeansof raisingasmanyasshepleases. Inbravery,theFrenchandEnglishsoldiersaretheonlyonestobecomparedto them.AllthisIforesaw.Iseeintofuturity fartherthanothersandIwantedtoestablish abarrieragainstthosebarbariansbyreestablishingtheKingdomofI'olandand puttingPoniatowskiattheheadofitas king.Butyourimbecilesofministerswould notconsent.AhundredyearshenceIshall beapplaudedandEurope,especiallyEnglandwilllamentthatIdidnotsucceed. Whentheyseethefinestcountriesin Europeovercome,andapreytothosenorthernbarbarianstheywillsay,"Napoleon wasright." "Thereare"LouiswrotetoNapoleon, "onlythreemeansofattackingEngland witheffect-detachingIrelandfromher capturingherIndiapossessions;oradescent onhercoast."AbbotslifeofN.B.
ADIFFICUTPROBLEM.
Whenmayamanbesaidtobedrunk?
Manyatoperwilladmitthathehasbeen elevated,oralittlebitscrewed,orthree sheetsinthewind,orslightlybeerybut whowillacknowledgethathehasbeen reallydrunk? Whenamantriestowarm hishandsatadrinkingfountain,ortolight hispipeatapump,itmaybeinferredthat heisnotaRechaoitewhenhedescribes surroundingsceneryas"tooralooral,"and makesabungleof"BritishConstitution,"or admiresthe"moving"figuresinapainting, heisopentosuspicionwhenhebeginsto seeinduplicate,itmaybeconcludedthathe has"aweedrapinhisee;"butwhocangive adefinitionbywhichitmaybedetermined beyonddisputewhenamanisreallydrunk Anhilariousindividual,lodgedinBow-street onaccountofhisbibulouspropensities,propoundedthefollowingcanon:-"Whena man'sdrunk,andheknowshe'sdrunk,then heisn'tdrunk;butwhenaman'sdrunkand hedoesn'tknowhe'sdrunk,thenheisdrunk."
yesterday.HereiswhatIsaw:Onapproachingthetown,onahill,therewassome dogs.Theyranaway,andwefoundonthis spotanumberofskulls,scatteredabout,and oneghastlyheapofskeletonswithclothing. Icountedfromthesaddleahundredskulls, pickedandlickedcleanallofwomenand children.Weenteredthetown.Onevery sidewereskullsandskeletonscharredamong theruins,orlyingentirewheretheyfellin theirclothing.Therewereskeletonsofgirls andwomen,withlongbrownhairhanging totheskulls.Weapproachedthechurch. Theretheseremainsweremorefrequent,untilthegroundwasliterallycoveredwith skeletons'skulls,andputrefyingbodiesin clothing.Betweenthechurchandthe schooltherewereheapsThestenchwas fearful.Weenteredthechurchyard.The sightwasmoredreadful.Thewholechurchyard,forthreefeetdeep,wasfesteringwith deadbodies,partlycovered;-hands,legs, arms,andheadsprojectedinghastlyconfusion.Isawmanylittlehands,heads,and feetofchildrenofthreeyearsofage,and girls.withheadscoveredwithbeautifulhair. Thechurchwasstillworse.Thefloorwas coveredwithrottingbodiesquiteuncovered. Ineverimaginedanythingsofearful.There werethreethousandbodiesinthechurchyardandchurch.Wewereobligedtohold tobaccotoournoses.Intheschool,afine building,twohundredwomenandchildren hadbeenburntalive.Alloverthetown therewerethesamescenes.Insomeplaces heapsofbodiesburiedinshallowholeshad beenuncoveredbythedogs.Thebanksof thelittlestreamwerecoveredwithbodies. ManybodieshadbeencarriedtoTatar Bazardjik,adistanceofthirtymiles.The townhad9,000inhabitants.Therenowremainedtwelvehundred.Manywhohadescapedreturnedrecently,weepingandmoaningovertheirruinedhomes,Theirsorrowfulwailingcouldbeheardhalfamileoff. Somewerediggingouttheskeletonsofloved ones.Awomanwassittingmoaningover threeskulls,withhairsclingingtothem, whichshehadinherlap.Themanwhodid allthis,AchmedAga,hasbeenpromoted, andisstillgovernorofthedistrict.The newspaperaccountswerenotexaggerated. Theycouldnotbe.NocrimeofTurkish ferocitywasleftuncommitted. Seven thousandbodieshavebeenlyingheresince May,rottinginthesun,preyeduponby dogsandSirHenryElliotthasneverheard thattheauthoritiesdemandawarcontributionfromtheremaininginhabitantsofone hundredthousandpiastres.Thetown formerlypaidamillion.Theharvestisrottinginthefields.Theownersareinthe churchyard.Thesurvivors'cattlehavebeen takenbytheTurks,whorefusetorestoreit. Itisimpossibletogetintheharvest.The statementthattheBulgarianscommitted atrocitiesisutterlyunfoundedandshamefullyfalse.Mr.Schuylerthinksthatless thantwohundredTurkswerekilled,nearly allinopencombat.Thereisnoproofyet thatasingleTurkishwomanorchildwas killedorviolated.
Theapplicationofhypoderimicinjections ofcoldwaterforthereliefofpainseemsto
TheRussiancorrespondentoftheParis Univershasbeenatsomepainstoascertain theimmediatestrengthofthatcountryfor acampaign,andinalonglettergivesthe followingfacts:-Oftheeightgreatdivisionsoftheimperialforces,fourareyeton apeacefooting,andfourreadytomove. ThatatSt.Petersburgisalwaysonawar footing,andrecentlyitsrankshavebeen completedbytherecallofallthesoldierson leave.AndtheirArmy-thatofWarsawnumber200,000men,andisdistributedwith threegreatcampssituatedunderthefortressesdefendingthelineoftheVistula.The armyoftheSouth-West,15(P,000strong,is campedunderthewallsofOchakoff,and
Buteventhiskindoflogicwillnotdo;its unsteadinessisillustratedbyanincidentrecordedinthe"ForbesTimes,"whichtellsof amanwhocampedinthemyallscrub,who litafire,andtooksundrypullsathisrum bottlebeforehobblinghishorse.Hehad somecompunctionsofconscienceastohis condition,anddebatedwithinhimselfasto whetherhewasdrunkorsoberbutaftera longmentaldiscussion,hewasunableto cometoanysatisfactoryconclusion.All doubts,however,wereremovedinthemorning,whenhefoundthathehadallowedhis horsetogofree,andthathehadfastened thehobblesonacoupleofsaplings.Facts arestubbornthings.
THIDBULGARIANMASSACRES.
ThecorrespondentoftheDailyNews writes:-IhavejustseenthetownOfBatok, withMr.Schuyler.Mr.Baringwasthere
AFrenchcorrespondentcorroborates.In thevillageofBatok,therewas,hesays,not onepersonlefttoburythedead.TheBashiBazoukshadaningeniouswayofcarrying outtheirviews.Ageneraldisarmament wasordered.Whentherewerenoarmsina villagetobegivenup,theygrewindignant attherefusal,andslaughteredtheinhabitantswhentherewasnoarmssurrendered, theyfoundinthefactproofthatthosewho gavethemupwererebels.Refusaltodeliverwas,ofcourse,aperfectexcuse.The inhabitantsofPeroutchitzaansweredthat theywouldgiveuptheirarmstotheregular troops,butnottotheBashi-Bazouks,whereuponthelattersetfiretothefourcornersof thevillage.Acombatensuedthatlasted fordays,attheendofwhichcannonsettled thematterinfavoroftheassailants.The inhabitantsdefeated,offeredtosurrender. Theofferedwasaccepted,butthosewhowent outwereshotdown;thenthefightrecommenced,endingintheexterminationofthe inhabitants.Thiswasavillageofthree hundredandfiftyhouses,withtwochurches, andwhichhadpaidtaxestotheannual amountofhalf-a-millionfrancs.Whenthe correspondentsawitthereremainedofthe wholebutthefourwallsofoneofthe churches.Thisvillagewhichheselectedfor avisitatrandom,isbatoneofahundredso treated.
THEJESUITSMICROSCOPE.
TheSouthernCross,ajournalintheArgentineIlepublic,relatesthefollowing:Acuriousfactisrelatedofwhathappened notlongsinceatthedeathofaGerman Jesuit.TheJesuit,whosenamewasTanner, amanbothpiousandlearned,wasgoing fromPraguetoInnspruck,inhopesthathis nativeairwouldre-establishhishealth.linable,howevertobearthefatigueofthe journey,hediedinavillageupontheroad.
ThemagistrateoftheplaceImmediatelyrepairedtothehouse,andin.takinganinventoryofhisluggagefoundalittlebox,the extraordinarystructureofwhichmadeitappearmysteriousandsuspicious,foritwas blackandcomposedofwoodandglass.
Buthowgreatwasthesurpriseofthefirst wholookedthroughtneglassatthetop.He drewbackwithaffright,exclaiming Irenouncethee,;SatanI"Thesameeffectwas produceduponallwhowarehardyenoughto lookthroughtheglass.Thefactwas,they sawintheboxalivinganimal,black,enormousandfrightful,ofimmenselength,and armedwiththreateninghorns.Theterror wasuniversal,andnooneappearedtoknow whattothinkofsoterribleamonsterwhen ayounggentleman,whohadjustfinished hiscourseofphilosophy,observedthatthe animalwhichwasintheboxwasmuchlarger thantheboxitself;thatinthepresentinstancethecontainedwaslargerthanthe coutainer,whichwascontrarytoeveryprin. cipleofphilosophy,andcouldnotbeaccord. ingtotheorderofnaturewhenceheconcludedthattheanimalintheboxwasnot material,butthatitmustbeaspiritinthe formofananimal.
Thisobservationwasreceivedwithuniversalapplause,andeveryonewaspersuadedit wasthedevilhimselfwhowasinthebox.Of thepersonwhohadcarriedtheboxwithhim itwasconcludedwiththesameevidencethat hecouldnothavehaditbutforsomeevil end,andthathecouldhavebeennothingbut asorcerer. Thereportofthiscircumstancespreadfar andwide,andimmensecrowdsofpeople cametothehouseforthepurposeofhaving apeepintothebox,andeachonesaidtoail hemet; "1haveseenthedevilto-day." Thejudgecondemnedthedeceasedtobe deprivedofChristianburial,andleftan orderforthepriesttoperformtheexorcisms oftheChurchforthepurposeofexpelling thedevilfromtheboxanddrivinghimout ofthecountry.Thesentenceofthejudge extendednofurther,butthepoliticiansof thevillagecarriedtheirreflectionstoaprodigiouslength.ThewitchcraftofFather Tanner,accordingtothem,wascommonto alltheconfraternity,andthereforethey thoughtitrightandjustthatasweeping sentenceofbanishmentshouldincludethem all.
Whilsteachonewasbusyingivingthis wonder,orratherscandal,hisowninterpretation,andthemindsofallwereininexpressibleagitationandferment,aPrussian philosopherhappenedtopassthroughthe village.Theinhabitantsdidnotfailto entertainhimwiththenewsofthedaybut whenheheardthemmentiontheJesuitical conjuror,andthedevilconfinedinabox,he laughedheartilyatboththenewsandthe newsmongers.Being.however,visitedby theprincipalinhabitants.andearnestly pressedtocomeandseewithhisowneyes thewonderfulthinghewouldnotbelieveon theirrelation,heyieldedtotheirwishes andonthemagicboxbeingshewnhim, wondering,heexclaimed"Isitpossible thattheinventionofthemicroscopeshould notbeheardofinthispartofthecountryI Thisisamicroscope-amicroscope,Itell you."
Butnobodyknewwhathemeant.The termwasaslittleunderstoodasthething itself.Someevenbegantosuspecthimalso ofbeingasorcerer,andwouldhavecondemnedhimassuchhadhenotquicklydestroyedthecharmanddissipatedtheillusion. Takingthebox,heremovedthecoveredin whichthelenswasenclosed,andturning theboxupsidedownoutcamealittlehorn beetleandcrawleduponthetable.The philosopherthenexplainedthisoptic mysteryinamannersuitedtotheircomprehension.Newadmirationnowsucceeded theirfears,andtheanimalappearedas laughableanobjectonthetableasithad beenfrightfulinthebox.Allsuspicionwas nowbanished,thegoodnameoftheFather wasrestored,andeachonereturnedlaughingtohishome.
THEWESTAUSTRALIANPOLICEANDTHE ESCAPEDFENIA-NPRISONERS.
Now,indoingso,theywereundertakinga superfluouswork,fortheUnitedStates Government-sameastheEnglish-troubles itselfbutverylittleaboutthepoliticalprisonersofothercountries,andthereisjusta littlesuppres.loveriwhichwouldmakean extraenergeticofficer,notawareofthereal factsoftheescapereply,givingalltheparticularshemightknowabouttheescapees andtheCatalpabuttheCityMarshal Hathaway,HeadoftheNewBedfordPolice, happenedtobeonewho,beforepoliticalfate madehimaUnitedStatesofficial,wasonce awhalewan,himself.andwasanofficeron theshipthatrescuedJohnBoyleO'Reilly. IfJr.Hathawaytoldthe%VestAustralian Superintendentallheknowsaboutthe Catalpa,thatastutegentlemanwouldperhapsknowsomethingmorethanhedoes now.HowCityMarshalHathawaymust havewinkedathissub.ongettingtheletter, andcannotoneimagineSuperintendent Smith'sfeeling,whenhefindsouttheoffister inchargeofPoliceDepartment,NewBedford,Sze.,turnsouttobeonewhotrickedthe W.A.PoliceworsethantheCatalpadid.S.A.Tablet.
THEPOPULATIONOFTURKEY.
Atthepresenttime,wheneverythingcon cernineTurkeyisofinterest,ourreaders willbegladtobemadeacquaintedwiththe followingstatisticsofthepopulationof Euro,wanTurkey,whichwetakefromthe JournalOfficielofParis.WhiletheExhibitionof1873wasopenasocietywasformed atViennaofpublicmen,journalists,merchants,andOrientalists,forthecollection andpublicationofinformationrelatingto theEast,Thissocietyissuesamonthly journal.andfromitspagestheJournal Ottitielhastakenthefigureswhichwereproduce.AttheViennaExhibitiveitwas foundthattherewasnotasinglemapwhich accuratelyrepresentedthepotiticaldivisions ofTurkey,antitheinformationonoilier matterswaslittlemoresati,factory.The societyendeavouredtosupplythedefects thusbroughttolight.Atthecapitalsof mostofthevilayetstherearepublished annuallysalnames,orofficialalmanacs.wdeli contain,inadditiontolistsofthepublic authorities,statisticalnoticesoftheprovinces. Frotnthesenoticestheinformationrespectingthepopulationisdrawn.Ofcoarseitis toberememberedthatnoregularcensusis takenbuttheinformationofthesatnamesis likelytobemorecorrectthanfoundanywhereelse.Untilafewmonthsago EuropeeanTurkeywasdividedintosix vilayetsandthedistrictofConstantinople. whichformsagovernmentapart.Sincethe insurrectionintheHerzegovinabrokeout. itmayberenienilseredthattheprovinceof Bosniawassubdivided.Butthecontributor totheViennaMonassehrytIurdenOrienz wrotebeforethesubdivisionseasmade.The firstvilayet,Bosnia,containedsevensandschaks,ofwhichtheHerzegovinawasone. ThevilayetofMonastircomprisesthegreater partofAlbania.ThevilayetofJaniaconsiststoancientThessalyandEpirusthatof AdrianopletoancientThraceandthevileyetoftheDanubeandtheBalkan,andbe tweentheBlackSeaandtheeasternfiOWier ofServia.Constantinopleformsadivision apart,andcontains698.000inhabitants.The districtofConstantinopleisthemostthickly peopledpartoftheempire.Afteritcomet thevilayetAdrianople,wherethedensityof populationisnotmorethan168tothesquare mile.Thesparsenessofpopulation,indeed, issogreatthatthereonlytwoothercountriesinEuropemorethinlypopulated. TheseareGreeceantiRussia.Butinproportiontothearea,thepopulationofSpain. andeventhatofSweden,islargerthanthat ofTurkey.Apointofmoreinterestthanthe densityofpopulationinitsamount.Weget noinformationregardingthenumberof women,butthemalepopulationofeachprovinceisgivenaccordingtoreligiousdenominations.Itisasfollows:-
Mussulmans.NonMoslem
Mussulmansseemtobemuchmorenumerous thanisgenerallysupposed.-PallMall Gazette.
OFTHEMOMENT.
THEDIYFICULTIES
Atanymomentafortunateagreementas regardsthesettlementoftheTurkishprovincesmaycompletelyaltertheaspectof affairs,butuptothetimeatwhichweare obligedtoclosethisrecordoftheweek'snews thatagreementseemsasfaroffasever.As farasthewarbetweenTurkeyandServia aloneisconcerned,themostfavorablepiece ofnewsisthatthenewSultanhasdeclared theconditionsproposedbyhisMinistersto beunreasonablyhard,thattheformalreply tothePowershasconsequentlybeendelayed, andthatitisprobablethatnomorewillbe demandedthanthepersonalhomageof PrinceMilanatConstantinopleandthe demolitionoftheServianfortresses.The Sultanisalsosaidtohavereprovedhis Ministersfortheirconductofaffairs,complainingthatTurkeyhadnowlostherbest friends,thateveninEnglandtheatrocities committedhadturnedpublicopinionagainst her,andthattheonlyremedyleftwasto takeeffectualmeanstopreventsuchthings happeningagain.Ifthisbetrue,itshows atleastadesiretomeetEuropeanfeeling halfway.Ontheotherhand,asregardsthe generalquestionoftheprovincesthenewsis farlesspromising.Austriapositivelyrefuses toconsenttotheautonomy,notonlyof Bulgaria,butofBosniaandHerzegovina, whileRussiaencouragesServiatoplaya waitinggamebyexpressionsofsympathy andconstantreinforcementsintheshapeof volunteers.Thisaidisgraduallyassuming moteandmoretheappearanceofovertcooperation,antiPrinceGortechakoffissaidto havecommunicatedtoBerlinconditionson ahitchalonepeacecanbemaintainedconditionswhicharcnotlikely,wefear,tobe acceptedeitheratConstantinopleorVienna. Iti-evenallegedthatattherecentcelebratonatBelgradeoftheTsar'sfete,the RussianConsultoldatorchlightprocession ofServiansthatRussiaandServiawould soinbemarchingagainstacommonfoe." Thecrisisisofthegravestcharacter,andthe firstdutyofEnglishmenisnottoembarrass theGovernmentinitsattemptstoestablish anagreementbetweenthePowers.Ofcourse, ifwecouldobtainwhatMr.Loweaskedfor atCroydon,anagreementwithRussiaabout theBalkanprovinces"whichwouldnot fetterusinanywaywithregardtothe futureoftheEastorthedestinyof Constantinople."thatwouldneavery de-iiablethinginitself.Buttherewould stillremainthequestionwhetherTurkey wouldsubmittoitwithoutadesperate, !boughintheendperhapsafutileresistance.
THEPOSITIONOFTHECOMBATANTS.
likelyto;e3pointedtoanegativeanswer. ThemajorityintheCouncilofMinisters weresaidtobealtogetheropposedtoanarmisticetheywouldagreetodiscussconditionsofpeace,orrathertoformulatetheir ownconditions,buttheythoughtitnecessary toprosecutethewarinordertoadminister astillmorecrushinglessontotheirrebellious vassal.WhethertheadvisersoftheSultan -and,asthereisnowarealSultan,wesupposewemaysaytheSultanhimself-willbe abletomaintainthisattitudeofresistance,. mustdependontheamountofunionandresolutiondisplayedbytheGrertPowers.On thispointatleastthereiseveryreasonto believethattheyareactinginperfect concert,andifthatunitedactioniskeptup, thepressurebroughttobearonthePorte mustintheendproveirresistible.
PROSECUTIONOFTUECAMPAIGN.
InspiteofasecondcollectiverepresentationmadebytheAmbassadorsofallthe greatPowerslastSaturday,thePorte,itis said,stillrefusesthearmistice.Thepretext putforwardisallegedtobethatanarmistice shouldonlybeproclaimedwhennegotiations forpeaceareabouttobegin,andsome agreementrespectingtheconditionsofpeace shouldthereforefirstbeestablished.Itwas rumouredthatthemaindifficultyrespecting thoseconditionsconcernstheoccupationof ServianfortressesbytheTurks.thePorteinsistingontakingpossessionofBelgradeand otherfortressesontheDanube,andthe Powersbeingonlywillingtoconsenttothe occupationofAlexinatzantiDeligrad,and thoseonlyincaseoftheirbeinginthe poweroftheTurksatthetimeofthearmistice.Itwasthereforetobeexpectedthat AbdulKerlinwouldendeavortopushforward,whileGeneralTchernaieffhas,itis reported,beenorderedbyPrinceMilanto remainstrictlyonthedefensive.AccordinglyonMondaytheTurksattemptedto bridgetheMoravaaboveAlexinatz,but withoutsuccess,andfightingwasgoingon allthatevening,andthenextday.Time willshowwhetherthisattackinthedirection ofDeligradisseriousormerelyafeint.If seriousitwouldhavethisadvantage,thatits successwouldnecessitatethecomplete evacuationofAlexinatz,andtheTurks wouldenteronthenegotiationswiththat fortressatleast,ifnotalsoDeligrad,intheir hands.
Thereisalwaysacomicside,eventothe mostserioussubjects.TheW.A.Policedepartmentsentthefollowinglettertothe PoliceDepartment,NewBedford,Massachussetts,U.S.A.:PoliceDepartment,ChiefOffice, Perth,W.A.,17thApril,1876. SIR,-Ibegtoinformyouthatonthe17th instanttheImperialconvictsnamedinthe marginabscondedfromtheconvictestablishmentatFremantle,inthiscolony,and escapedfromthecolonyintheAmerican whalingbarque MartinHogan Catalpa,G.Anthony ThomasDarragh master,Thisbarque RobertCranston isfromNewBedDavidorHarringtonford,Massachusetts, Michael U.S.A.TheconThomasHassett victsweretaken JamesWilson fromtheshoreina whaleboatbelonging totheCatalpa,mannedbyCaptainAnthony andsixofthecrew.Theabettorswere Co.lins,Jones,andJohnson.Iattacha descriptionofeachoftheabsconders,and havetorepestthatyouwillbegoodenough totarnishmewithanyparticularsyoumay beabletogatherconcerningthem. Ihavethehonortobe,Sir, Yourobedientservant, M.A.SMITH, SuperintendentofPolice. TheOfficerinchargeofPoliceDepartment, NewBedford,Massachusetts,UnitedStates ofAmerica.
ThetotalmalepopulationofTurkey,excludingthevassalStates,asalsotheislands, butincludingthedistrictofConstantinople, is,accordingtotheofficialalmanacs,4,976,0110, orinroundnumbersabout5,000,000.Assumingthatthesexesareasnearlyequalas inothercountries,thepopulationwouldthus somewhatexceed10,000,000.Returningto theinformationgivenbytheofficialalmanac, wefindfromtheabovefiguresthatthenonMussulmanpopulationbearstotheMussulman'stheproportionof57to43.InBosnia itwillbeseentheMahommedansarevery slightlyinamajority;inthevilayetof Monastirthemajorityissomewhatlarger, andinthatofSalonicathereisalmostan equality.Butinthethreeremaining vilayetstheChristiansverylarglyoutnumber theMussulmans.IntheEuropeanpartofthe districtofConstantinople,again,theproportionofChristianstoMussulmansisinthe proportionof54to46.
Itmustnotbeforgottenthatthesestatisticsareofficial,andthattheofficialsare naturallydesiroustomakethenumberof Mussulmansappearaslargeaspossiblein hopeofescapingtaxationtheChristians would117tomaketheirownnumbersappear emeltIt*likely,therefore,thatinthese esti/tiestheMussalmansarcoverestimated. But,eveaifwemakethat-allowance,the
Wehavethismuchtocorrectinourlast week'snews,thatAlexinatz,thoughturned byAbdulKerim'sarmy,hasnot,itwould seem,yetbeenevacuatedbytheServians, andwehearofGeneralTchemaieff,whose head-quartersareatDeligrad,beingaboutto sendfromthencesomegunsandreinforcementstostrengthenthefirst-namedplace. ButtheTurkshadevidentlynoimmediate ietentionofstormingAlexinatz.Insteadof breakingtheirteethagainstitsdefences.they aregraduallyfeelingtheirwaydownthe Moravavalley,andonSundaytheir batterieswereestablishedalittletothe southwestofDeligrad,thoughoutofrange ofthatplace.Theywillnowhavetochoose betweentworoads,oneachofwhichthere areformidableobstacles.Iftheygostraight downtheMorava.leavingDeligradtothe right,theywillcomeuponaverystrongredoubt,protectingapontoonbridge,which thespecialcorrespondentoftheTime*describesasthekeyoftheServianpositionin thispartofthevalleyoftheMorava.If theymarchtotheleftonKruchevatz,inthe valleyoftheRasina,theywillfirstcome uponthestrongentrenchedpositionwhich 1chernaieffhaspreparedatDjunist.Butif theysucceedinpassingthisandgettingto Kruchevatz,theywillfindaclearroadfrom thatplacedowntheleftbanksoftheRasnia andtheMoravatilltheyarriveopposite Parakin,ontheotherbank,betweenwhich placeandKupria,alsoontherightbank,the Servianshaveconstructedtheirsecondline ofdefence.
TasARMISTICE.
THEENGLISHINDIGNATIONMEETINGS. IiithemeantimeEnglishpublicopinion hasgotintooneofhishotfits.Meetingsand speecheshavebeenfartoonumeroustobe specificallyrecorded.andofcoursetherehas beenagreatdealofwildtalk.Nobodycan foramomentdenythatthehorriblestories whichhavereachedthiscountryfullyjustify alltheindignationexpressed,buttheform whichthatindignationhassometimes assumedissuchthatwecannotwonderat ourforeigncritics-notablytheDebate-treatingthewholemovementasapolitical dodge.Weknowthatitisnot,butwhen peopleusetheBulgarianatrocitiesasatext forphilippicslikethatofMr.AuberonHerbertatNottingham,bowcantheyexpectthe worldtocreditthemwithfreedomfrom partymotives?
LONGFELLOW'SODETOTHEBLESSED VIRGIN.
Ithasrecentlybeenrecalledtomindthat thegreatAmericanpoetwasinItalywhen, onthe8thofDecember,1854,anewjewel wasplacedinthediademoftheBlessed VirginMary,whenhisHoliness,PopePius IX.,yieldingtothealmostunanimousrequestoftheprelatesoftheCatholicworld, pronouncedinthepresenceoftwohundred Cardinals,Patriarchs,Archbishops,and Bishops,assembledfromeveryquarterofthe globe,theBullInejfabtlisDes:,whichdeclaresanddefinesasanarticleoffaiththe ImmaculateConceptionoftheMotherof God.ProfessorLongfellowuponthatoccasionwrotethefollowing:-
Before.however,thatpointisreached,the Powerswillhavesucceeded,itistobehoped, inobtainingorenforcinganarmistice. WhetherthoLiervianstatementsaboutfresh atrocitiesaretrueornot,itiscertainthatthe Ottomantroops-whethertheyberegularsor irregularsmatterslittle-havenottheleast ideaofawarconductedaccordingtomodern rules.Theirlineofadvanceismarkedbj blazingvillagesandthetracesofwanton destruction.Europehaseveryrightto demandthatastopshouldbeputtothis methodofwarfare,andthisisanadditional reasonforinsistingonthearmistice.Atthe beginningoftheweekthematterstoodthus. SirHenryElliot'sMemorandumhadbeen presentedafterallonthepreviousMonday, anditwassupportedbythoseoftheother Ambassadorsonthefollowingday.The questionaboutthedurationofthearmistice wasdisposedofbyleavingthatpointundefined.Battherestillremainsthereal difficulty-thegettingthePortetoconsent. Alltherumoursandindicationsofwhatthe decisionoftheTurkishGovernmentwas
Thisis,indeed,theBlessedMary'sland, VirginandMotherofOurDearRedeemer Allheartsaretouchedandsoftenedather name; Alikethebanditwiththebloodyhand, Thepriest,andprince,thescholarandthe peasant, Themanofdeeds,thevisionarydreamer, Payhomagetoherasoneeverpresent. Andevenaschildrenwhohavemuchof. fended Atooindulgentfatheringreatshame Penitent,andyetnotdaringuaattended Togointohispresence,atthegate Speakwiththeirsister,andconfidingwait Tillthegoesinbefoisandintercedes; Somenrepentingoftheirevildeeds, Andyetnotventuringusablytodrewnear Withtheirrequestsenangryhither'sear, Offertohertheirmemandtheirconies. 'ion, Andshe,forthem,toJIswrimaminter. cession Andifourfaith nothingmore Thanthisexample"allwationgooa 81mild,somerci pawantsogdspatient, peaceful,loyal,loving,pure, iswereenoughtoproveithigher,truer, Thanallthecreedstheworldhasknownbefore.
MR.GRANTDUFF'SSUGGESTION.
Wedonotknowthatweneed,paymuch aboutMr.GrantDuff'sproposedsolutientheSultanatBroussa,witharevenuepro, videdforhimintheshapeofachargeonthe Europeanprovinces,andanEnglishprince andRussianprincessatConitantittople,presidingoverastaffofAnglo-Indianadminiatraters,bywhomevenhanded'jitabieewould bedealtouttoallracesandcreeds,asitIsin India,Mr.GrantDuffhimselfcallsita amain-anditisonewhichhasprobably beendreamtbymanybesideshimtelf-a-but thefirstquestionwnichitsuggestsis,how farsuchasolutionwouldbeacceptable'to anybodyconcerned.PuttingTurkeyoutof thequestion.wouldRussialikeit7would England?wouldAustria? Andasatribute istobepaidtotheSultanoutoftherevenue ofthenewState,howmanyEnglishmen wouldliketoseeanEnglishPrinceinthe positionofavassaltotheTurk?Whatmay beverywellforamemberoftheHouseof Obrenovioh,orevenfortheyoungersonof amediatisedGermanPrince,maybesearcely suitableforascionoftheRoyalMouseof England.
WHATIS/LEANTBYBULGARIA.
DIRECTORY.
DECEMBER.
10-SUN.IIofAdvent. 13-WgD.S.Lucy,V.M.FastandAbst.
15-FRI.OctavedayofImmaculateConception.FastandAbst.
17-8LiN.ITTof.A,dve,nt,
18-MON.TheExpectationofB.V.M.
20-WED.Ember-daY.S.PaulP.Conf. FastandAbst.
t21-THUR.S.ThomasAp.DayofDevotion.
22-FRI.Ember-day.S.Bernard,Goof, Doct.FastandAbs.'
23-SAT.Ember-day.S.Hilarius,I'.Conf. FastandAbst.
24-SUN.IVofAdvent.
20--MON.CHRISTMASDAY.
26-TUES.8.Stephen,first.Martyr.Day ofDevotion.
27-WED.S.John,Ap.ar.dEvang.Day ofDevotion.
28-THUR.TheHolyInnocents,MM.Day ofDevotion.
29-FRI.S.ThomasofCanterbury,B. Mart.Abet.
30-SAT.TheStigmasofS.Francis,Conf. JANUARY,1877.
LordDerbywasnodoubtquitejustifiedin surgingthatitmustnotbesupposed,"because "wearelookingatthesequestionsfroma "mainly,ifnotpurely,philanthropicpoint "ofview,thatallforeignPowersand "foreignpoliticiansarelookingatitexclusivelyfromthesamepointofview."And auillustrationofhisremarkhascometo handinatelegramwhichstatesthatAustria hasdeclaredherselfstronglyopposedtothe extensiontoBulgariaofthemeasuresproposedforBosniaandHerzegovina.Austrian politicianshaveperhapsamoredistinctidea thanmostpeoplehereofwhatismeantby "Bulgaria."Atthetimewhenthenewsof the"Bulgarian"insurrectionfirstarrived, wepointedoutthatthesceneofthismovementwasnotatallintheprovincemarked Bulgariainthemaps,butinthevalleyofthe ancientHebrus.inThrace,whichisinthe modernprovinceofRouaielia.Peoplespoke -oftheBulgarianinsurrectionandthe Bulgarianatrocities,becausetheBulgarian raceiswidelyspreadoverthatprovincealso, butiftheTurkishadministratorsweretobe expelled"bagandbaggage"fromtheprovincewhichwasthesceneofthoseatrocities, theywouldhavetoabandonRoumelia,and consequentlyConstantinopleitself.
CITYBOOTANDSHOEWAREHOUSE, WHOLESALE&RETAIL.
J.S.CHRISTIE,
BootandShoeManufacturerand Importer, WILLIAMSTREET,PERTH.
ALARGEandsplendidassortment ofLadies',Gentlemen's,and Children'sBOOTS,SHOES,arid FANCYSLIPPERS.
Also-StrongBoots(ownmake), suitableforcountrywear.
I.R.Goloshes,CorkSocks,Leggings,(patentandplain). 'Cheapestandbesthouseinthe colony. Observetheaddress-
J.S.CHRISTIE, BOOT&SHOEWAREHOUSE, WILLIAMSTREET,PERTH.
1-MON.CIRCUMCISIONOFOUR I,ORD.
6-SAT.EPIPHANYOFOURLORD.
THEWEST
Australian(catholicPrord. ---------
"Beindefatigableinyourpurpose,andwith undauntedspiritresistiniquityandtryto conquerendwithgood,havingbefore,youreyes therewardpreparedforthosewhocombatfor thenameofChrist."-PiusIX.
WEDNESDAY,DEC.6,1876.
"enemies." Difficultiesthatwore thoughtinsuperablewereoveicome -goodunderstandingamongallclasses establisbed--andfeelingsofcharityand good-fellowshipfosteredamongall creeds.Likeallothercommunities,we attimes,sufferfromthereligionsprejudicesofourneighbors,buthappilyon theoccasionoftheBazaar,prejudices banished,andthemostheartyandcordialunderstandingcreated.Inthe Bazaarroom-andalsointhepreparationthereof-CatholicsandProtestants workedmostcheerfullyandcordially, andreligiousdifferenceswereforgottenin thecharitableworkiuwhichallwere soindefatigablyandearnestlyengaged. Wearehappytobewitnessesofsuch anevent,andthegoodunderstanding whichtheBazaarbroughtabout,among ourProtestantfriends,isnottheleast pleasingreminiscenceoftheOrphanage Bazaarof1876.Thatthesamegood feelingmaybeperpetuated,isoursinceredesire,andthatthepeopleofthis colonymaylongenjoyanimmunity fromreligiousrancour,iswhatwemost ferventlyhope.Forthesemostattainableresults,weareindebtedtothe LadyCommitteesolely,for,fromtheinceptionoftheBazaar,wecantrulysay, thatzealandprudencecharacterised alltheirproceedings.
THEBOYS'ORPHANAGE SUBIACO.
Asweannouncedinourlastissue,the SistersofMercyhavenowtakenpossessionoftheBoys'Orphanage,Subiaco, anditsmanagementisnow,werejoice tostateit,entirelyinthehandsofthe goodSisters,.TheOrphanageHouse itselfhasalreadyundergonemuchimprovement,andinthecourseofavery shorttime,thegoodresultsofthe Sisterssuperintendencewill,wehave nodoubt,bebothevidentandsatisfactory.
THEBOYS'ANDGIRLS' ORPHANAGES.
BAZAARINTHETOWNHALL.
THEORPHANAGEBAZAAR.
TIEHon.SecretaryofOrphanage Bazaarwillfeelobligedby LadiesandGentlementowhomBooks authorisingthemtocollectonbehalfof theOrphanagewereforwarded,will kindlyreturnthesameforthepurpose ofhavingtheaccountsinconnection therewith,closedduringthecurrent month. Perth,Dec.2,1876.
NOTICE.
THEORPHANAGES,PERTH.
AVERYVALUABLEHORSE, willbeRaffledforatanearly date.Theproceedstodevotedtothe FundsinaidoftheBoys'andGirls' Orphanages.Tickets2s.6d.each,can beobtainedfromthevariousstores, andalsofromtheHon.Secretaryofthe BazaarCommittee. Perth,2ndDec.,1876.
ABAZAAR
WIL on ELAbseTillld MONDAY, NNDoArtyllin oftheBuildingFundfortheerection oftheChurchofSt.Joseph.
afterhisLocdsbip's,arrivaliuthe. however,theCathedralbellsgaveout chimesofwelcome,uponwhichaconsiderablenumberofpersonsrepaired totheCathedralforthepurposeof joininginthanksgivingforHisLordship'sreturntohiedioceseandforhis completerestorationtohealth.The schoolchildren,onthe°melon,tamed outinlargenumbers,andformedaline oneithersidefromtheentranceofthe CathedralgroundstotheChurchdoor. At12o'clockhisLordship,accompanied bytheVicar-General,theVeryRev. M.GIBNEY,andtheRev.T.DOOLEY, proceededtotheCathedral,wherethe TeDeumwassung,andprayersonbehalfofhisLordship,wereoffered.At theconclusion,HisLordshipimparted hisbenedictiontoallpresent.Our readersthroughoutthecolony,willbe pleasedtolearn,thatHisLordshiplooks remarkablewell,andfurther,thatHis Lordshipfeelshimselfasstrongand capableofdischarginghisonerous dutiesasheretofore.
Itisnotourintentiontogive"our ownreport"oftheBazaar,asreports havealreadybeensoablyandgraphicallygivenbyourcontemporaries, especiallybytheWestAustralian Times,thatwehavemuchpleasurein publishingthereportofthatjournalin fullfortheinformationandsatisfaction ofthereadersoftheRecord.Interestingandflatteringindeedashave beenthereportsoftheBazaar,aspublishedbyourlocaljournals,itisnowour pleasingdutytoaddafewnoteworthy detailsoftheBazaarfromafinancial pointofview.
ThereceiptsfromtheBazaaronthe firstdaythenamountedto£1459s.11d.; onthesecondto£15016s.6d.,andon thethirddayto£68,makingatotalof £3656s.5d.Thetotalamountre_ eeivedfromallsources,amountedto £687I3s.5d.,andafterdeductingthe costofgoodsfortheBazaarandthe expensesconnectedtherewith,theLady Committee,hadthesatisfactionofhandingovertheManagersoftheOrphanages,thehandsomesumof£500.
THEBazaarwhichtookplaceinthe TownHall,Perth,onWednesday, ThursdayandFriday,the8th,9thand 10thofNovemberlast,inaidofthe Boys'andGirls'Orphanages,was,we arehappytoannounce,ineveryrespect,eminentlysatisfactory.Weare quitesurethatourreadersthroughout thecolony,willsharethepleasurewe feelattheresultsoftheBazaar,and joinusinwarmlycongratulating,he theladiesoftheCommitteeonthegreat successwhichattendedtheirpraiseworthyandtrulycharitablelabors.To ladiesoftheOrphanage.&searCommittee,indeed,thethanksofeverywellwisheroftheOrphanagesaredue,asit waswhollythroughtheirearnestness, persevereuceundermanydifficulties, andunityofaction,thattheBazaarwas soentirelysuccessful.Inasmallcommunity,likeours,theundertakingofa bazaar,onsuchalargescaleasthat whichwasheldforthreedaysinthe TownHall,was,wemustconfess, enoughtodeteranybutthemostsanguine,andwewerenotsurprisedto findtherewerenotafewpersons,who, whilewishingtheBazaar"success," couldnotpossiblybringthemselvesto believethatitcouldbeattained. Thankshowever,tothegoodmanagementoftheLadyCommittee,theynot onlydeserved,buttheyreallywon
TheproceedsoftheBazaarwere,it mustbeadmitted,morethanwasanticipated,andinthankinginthename oftheManagersoftheOrphanages,a generouspublicforthesupportthey extendedtothesevaluableInstitutions, wemustiuconclusion,againcomplimenttheLadyCommitteeonthesuccessfulterminationoftheirundertaking, andatthesametime,expressahope, thatfutureBazaarsinaidofthe Orphanagesmaybenotedforthesame manifestationofgoodfeeling,cordiality, earnestness,andunityofpurpose,as theBazaarwhichhasbeenclosedunder suchpeculiarlypleasingandgratifying circumstances.
HISLORDSHIPDR.GRIVER.
WEhavemorethanordinarypleasure inannouncingthatHisLordshipthe bishop,afterasojournattheBenedictineMission,NewNorcia,foraperiod ofnearlythreemonths,forthepurpose of'recruitinghishealth,returnedto Perth,onFridaythe17thNovember last.AstheprecisetimeofHisLordship'sarrivalwasnotaccuratelyknown, nokl'eparatitwsweremadetogivehia Lordshipaiermalreceptiou.Shortly.
OnMondaythe20thNov.,themembersofthePerthCatholicYoungMen's Society,andthemembersofthe SodalityoftheChildrenofMary,entertainedHisLordshipata SOIREE intheBoys'SchoolHouse,onwhich occasionthemembersoftheSocieties named,presentedcongratulatoryaddressestoHisLordship.Theschool houseintheeveningpresentedavery prettyappearance,andgavepleasing evidenceofthecareandattentionthat hadbeenbestowedonitspreparation. Thespreadofcreaturecomfortsleft nothingtobedesired,andthesupply ofboheawasbothgoodandabundant. Therewerenospeechesgiven,butto addtothepleasureoftheentertainmentthemembersoftheSodalityofthe ChildrenofMary,rendered,hafirstrate style,anamusinglittlecomedy,entitled, the"FoundlingofSebastopool."On thewhole,amostagreeableeveningwas spent,andHisLordshipmusthave beenhighlygratifiedatthemanifestotionofkindnesstowardshimself,and theevidentpleasureoneandallevinced athavingsuchanopportunityofheartily congratulatingHisLordshiponhisreturnagaintoPerth. Thefollowingistheaddressofthe CatholicYoungMen'sSociety,which wasreadandpresentedtoHisLordship bythePresident,P.A.Gugeri,Esq. TotheRightReverendMartinGriver,Lord BishopofPerth,WesternAustralia,We,theofficersandmembersofthePerth CatholicYoungMen'sSociety,availourselvesofthisopportunitytocongratulate yourLordshiponyourrestorationtohealth, andalsotoexpressourgratitudetoAlmighty Godforhisgreatmercyinhearingthesupplicationsofyourfaithfulchildren,thatHe wouldgrantyourLordshiprenewedhealth todischargetheimportantdutiesofchief pastorofthisdiocese. InyourLordship,theCatholicChurchin WesternAustralia,hashadamostearnest, zealousandindefatigablerepresentative,and thespreadofCatholicisminthiscolony,is mainlyowing'toyourLordship'strulyapostoliclifeandlabors. Thechurcheswhichhavebeenerected throughoutthecolony.thecharitableinstitutionsnowinoperation,andtheextensionof school-houses,inwhichreligiousandsecular knowledgearesimultaneouslyimparted,are evidencesofyourLordship'szealandearnestness. ToyourLordshiptoo,themembersofthe PerthCatholicYoungMen'sSocietyare largelyindebted,andtakingaretrospectof thenumerousgoodworkswhichhavebeen effectedinthedioceseduringyourLordship's administration,weearnestlyrepeatour humblethankfulnesstoGodwhohasbeen pleasedtopermityourLordshiptoworkin thisportionofHisvineyard,andwherewe prayHimtopreserveyourLordshipfor manyyearstocome. OnbehalfoftheSociety. Weremain, YourLordship'sfaithful, andobedientservants, M.Gibney,V.G.,SpiritualDirector. P.A.Gugeri.J.P.,President. M.Manniz,Vice-President. C.Olistiony,Seeretary. M.J.Regal;Treasurer. T.P.Handley,Librarian. T.Dooley,n,jour C.(Hasson, J.Corbett, L,J,Owner, Lillis, L.Peter, SubjoinedistheaddressoftheChildrenofMary,whichwasreadandpresentedbyMissFarrelly:TotheRightReverendDr.Griver,Bishopof Perth,W.4.MxLoan,--OnthisthricehappyocCommittee.
melon,weapproachyourLordshipwithrespectandreverence,andbegtobeptr.nitted toofferoursincerecongratulationsonyour recoveryfromyourlongillness,andtoparticipateintheuniversaljoyatyourreturn.
WetakethelibertytoenureyourLordshipthatwehaveofferedourhumbleand ferventprayersforyourrecovery,withfilial andlovinghearts,inunionwiththepetitions sentupfromallpartsofthedioceseforthe sameintention.
Werejoicetosaywithhumbleandgratefnlheartsthatourprayerswereheard,and wetrustwemaybeworthyofsogreata favor,andthatthediocesemaybeblessed formanyyearswithyourpresence-inyour renewedhealthandstrength.
Wemustnotomitheretoofferatributeof gratitudetoyouresteemedVicar-General, ourSpiritualDirector,whosejoyonthepresentoccasionisinproportiontothesorrow andanxietyheexperiencedduringyourillillnesswhileyetheencouragedthefaithfultohaverecoursetoprayerintheirafflicandputtheirtrustinGod.Yourfaithful representativeisnowabundantlyrewarded.
Inconclusion,myLord,webegyourEpiscopalBenediction,andsubscribeourselves, YourLordship'sobedientand respectfulchildren, THECHILDRENOFMARY.
HisLordshiponrisingtoreply,wasmost warmlyreceived.Hesaidthathethanked theChildrenofMaryfortheirkindcongratulations,andforthewarmmannerinwhich theyhadwelcomedhim,aswellasfortheir prayersofferedwith"filialandloving hearts."HisLordshipwentontosaythat duringhisillnesshehadnotprayedforrecovery,butonlythatthewillofGodmight bedone.aswedonotknowwhatisgoodfor usbutatlaterperiod,attheMission,ashe didnotseemtoprogressasquicklyaswas desired,hewasrequestedtopraythatif healthbeforthegloryofGodandhisgood, hethenaskedthatGodwouldbestowiton him.WithregardtohisesteemedVicarGeneral,hesaidthatheknewwellhehad suffered.andwhathehaddoneforhimduringhisillness.andthankedhimforalland notonlyatthistimedidhisVicar-General workandlabor,buteversincethefirstday hecamehere.HisLordshipthenalludedinwarmtermstothekindanddevotedservicerenderedtohintduringhisillnessbyDr.Salved°,whohadattendedhis sickbedandministeredtohimwiththedevotionofthekindestnurse,evendoingfor himanyserviceinhispower,andcontinuingwithuntiringpatienceforsomany weeks,withinconveniencetohimself,and remainingfromhisownhomeandpersonal dutiesHisLordshipalsoofferedhisgratefulthankstothoseotherkindpersonsin PerthandFremantlewhohadprayedand attendedhim,sendinghimpresentsofdelicaciessuitableforthesick,kc.Tothe SistersofMercyandofSt.Joseph,tothe ChildrenofMary,andtoallhisdevoted flock.Againhecordiallyofferedthemhis gratefulthanks.
LEGISLATION.
THEyear1876isapproachingitsclose andonenaturallycastsoneeyedown thecolumnofeventsinthetropeof findingsomeevidenceofanimprovementintheconditionofouraffairsand theexistenceofisbalanceinourfavor. Whatdowefind?Wefindthatthis year,asduringtheyearprevious,and theyearbeforethat,andmanyother years,wehavenotadvancedastep. Withasoil,capableinonelocalityor anotherofyieldingalltheproductions foundany*hereintemperateandintertropicallatitudes,withoneofthe finestclimatesintheworld,andwith helpfromthemothercountry,inmen andgold,tothevalueofsevenmillions sterling,wehaveforthelasteightyears remainedstationary.Thoughwehave spentlargesumsinemigrationand seenchildrengrowinguponeveryside ofus,population-thetruetestofprogress-remaintoallappearancepermanentlydwarfed.Inpointofwealth,we haverecededratherthanadvanced.We havealessbreadthoflandundercorn, areimportingnecessarieswherewe formerlyonlyimportedluxuries,have gonefartowardsexhaustingoursupply ofavailablesandalwood,havegotmuch ofourbesttimbercountrytiedupand inaconditionthatismostunsatisfactory,andhavelessmoneyincirculation.Atthesametimewehavemanagedtodoubleourexpenditureandhave increasedtaxationineverydirection. Wehavenotasyetcometofully realizetheextentofourlosses,which havebeetsoverlookedinconsequenceof thetemporaryriseinwool,andshells, andsandalwood,whichoccurredashort timesince,andsetusonourfeet.But therearethefacts,andwecannotget overthem.Againstthesewhatcan beadducedinourfavor?Whathave wegotiuexchangeforourreduced
meanr,andincreasedtaxation?Why, wehavegotashortunfinishedtramway,animperfecttelegraphsystem. andanumberofcrude,mischievous, andcumbrousActsofLegislation,to getherwithsomebrilliantpromises. Thisisthehistory-thesearetheresults-ofthelasteightyears.The lastyearhasbeennobetterthanthe others.Whyisthis?Whyisitthat thelandofthecolonyisgoingoutof cultivation,orthatthefarmersare growingwoolinsteadofcorn,orthat thepopulationisstationary,orthat whiletaxationandexrenditureare rapidlyandsteadilyincreasingthereis nothingtoshowforit?Howisitthat wecannotsomuchasobtainthecompletionofarailwayoftheverysimplest characteralittleoverthirtythreemiles inlengthandwhichpassesarougha countrypresentingnounusualobstacles tosuchconstructions?flowisitthat asimpleaffairofthekind-foritis extremelysimple-defiesalltheefforts oftheGovernment?Or,whyisitthat, notwithstandingallthepainswetake toattractemigrantsandinducethemto settleinthecolony,aspermanentinhabitants,wecannotkeepthemhere whenwehavegotthem,ordomorethan maintainthepopulationofthecountry atoneandthesamelevel?Or,howis itthatwhileourpopulationisstationaryandwemaybesailtobeeffecting nothing,wehaveintheshortspaceof eightyearsdoubledourexpenditureand consequentlyourtaxation? People closetousanIoccupyingpartofthe samecontinentwithourselvesare pushingforwardwithstridesthatmay betermedgigantic-whyisitthatwe withequalnaturaladvantagescannot getbeyondthelengthofashortuncertainstepandafterhavingmadeit aresuretomakeastepbackwards?It isuntrue-utterlyuntrue-tosaythat ourprosperousneighborspossessa countrywhichissofarsuperiortoour own,astomakecomparisonbetween usandthemimpossible.Ifthetruth wereknown,itwouldprobablybe foundthatthiscolonyisquiteasfitted forsettlementaridquiteasabletosupportalargeandthrivingpopulationas anyofitsneighbors.Itmayhavea greaterextentoflandwhichisoflittle value,butithasalargerterritory,and containsintheaggregatealarger amountofgoodlandthananyofthem, whileitsextensiveforestsofmagnificent timberanditsthousandsofacresteemingwithleadandcopperendowitwith adormantwealthinwhichnoneofthe otherscanapproachit.Howthenisit thatitalonemakesnoprogress?Whyforthesamereasonthatsomeyearsago thecoloniesthatareitsneighbors-the coloniesthatarenowassumingsuch vastproportions-madenoprogressithasaformofGovernmentunder whichprogressisimpossible.Ithas beengivenaconstitutionwhichcannot Redwillnotproducethementogovern anycountrywisely,andinwhichthe menitproduceswouldnotcareto legislatewelliftheycould,andcould notlegislatewelleveniftheywouldand knewhow.Thegoverningpoweris madeupofplacemennotthought worthyofricherandmoreimportant posts,andofrepresentativeswhoare chosenfromasocialcircleofthevery narrowestdimensions,andwholegislate withtheconsciousnessthattheycan onlylegislateoneway-thewayofthe Government-andwithoutanyobject beyondthechanceofgettingsome slightadvantageforthemselvesand thoseinthesamebusiness.Itisnot thecountrythatisinfault,neitherisit thepeople-thecountryisagood country,andthepeopleagood people-batthefaultisinthegoverning body,whichhaspositivelyproveditself soincapable,thatwithamplefundsat itsdisposalithasnotknownhowto bringabouttheconstructionofamere tramway,suchasisputupinthecoal districtsinEnglandinafewweeks-no -norofanythingelsethatrequires theslightestknowledgeofbusinessor anideabeyonigivingandtakingreceiptsandfillingupofficialforms.The lastsessionofCouncil,sofarfrom showinganyimprovementonformer onespresentstooureyesaHouseand aGovernmentwhichseemtohavesunk intothelaststageoffatuity.Whatis thehistoryofthelegislationofthelast
year?Wefindeveryoneinthe Councilseekingtogainhisownend,: withoutanyreferencewhatevertothe prosperityofthecolonyorthefeelings ofthepeople.Thef;,,vertintentatthe instance,nodoubt,ofsomegentlemen whoweredesirousofgettingacollege educationfortheirchildrenoutofthe earningsoftheworkingmanbrings inanActforwhatisvirtuallyaselect school,anddoesso,utterlyindifferent tothefactthatbythisactofinjustice itiscausingalargenumberofpersons tofeelbitterlyaggrievedandcutting awayoneofthefewremainingthreads whichattachthemtothecountry.By aclauseinanotherAct-supposedtobe insertedattheinstanceofanindividual forthegratiticationofhisownpersonal feeling-ittevivesapoliticaldistinction betweendifferentpottionsofthecommmtity,which,ifitwaseverdesirable, shouldnothavebeenmadenow,andthe revivalofwhichwasthesorestplanof depopulatingthecolonythatjealousy andfollycouldhavedevised.Tocrown all,therearefoundprivatemembers, whobringforward-andsucceedin carryingthroughtheHouse-hillsofa purelyprivatenature-hillstosuitthe fanciesandprejudicesofafew-which musthavetheeffectofannoyingand inconveniencingnearlythewholecommunity.Thetruthis,themiserable constitutionunderwhichweareliving -aconstitutionwhichwaswellenough forthepurposewhichitwasaloneintendedtoserve-apreliminarystepto self-government-isplayedout;and membersofCouncil,feelingthisto bethecaseandseeingthattheycan donothingofimportance,havegivenup attemptingtolegislateforpublicpurposesandbegantolegislateforthemselves.Theyear1876hasbeenthe climaxofthesevenyearsofalmostuninterruptedmisrulethatprecededit.
TILENAVARIN.
"Shoveoffthere,Jean.Shakeoutyour foresail."TheCreoleinthebows obeysandourlittlecraftheadsofffrontthe jetty.Ourskipperisseatedinthestern,the tillerfirmlyinhand."Takeyourseats, gentlemen."Thisistohispassengers. Quiteanunnecessaryorder,however,since thefirstlurchoftheboat,ashermain-sail flitstothewind,sendsuswithunceremonioushastetoourseats."Thisway,gentlemen.Sitthisend.Onemorethisside, please,''Wemechanicallyobeyandourskipperexpresseshissatisfactionthattheboatis nowinperfecttrim."Takecase,there." Itisheagainwhospeaks."Takecare, there.Lookoutforyourhats."Thisisa teefuladmonitionandgivennotamoment toosoon.Thesailswingsroundsquarebeforethebreeze.theloverpartpassingwithin aninchofourheads.Wetakethehintand notlikingtheideaofcarryingwet,headgearandstilllessthethoughtofhavingto presentourselvesbeforethemonsieurs deaudedofthatarticleofattireisOMclutch ourhatsinagraspthatisnotrelaxeduntil theday'sadventuresover,weareoncemore ondryland,ifourlimitedexperiencecan beconsideredasgivingusarighttoimpart advice,wemaysay.thatthisadmonitionof ourcaptainisamottoevertobebornein mindbythosewhogoavoyaginginsmall skiffsonthevastydeep.
Afewmomentsandwehadpassedthe jetty,andwereclearofthefleetoflubberly cargoboatsandcoastersthatweremoored around.RightaheadofuslaytheNovarin, dumpy-looking-forhertopmastswere down-andridinglazilyatanchor.It seemedweshouldreachherinafew minutes.Buttheeventprovedhowerroneouswereournotions.Herimmensesize causedustomiscalculateherdistancefrom theshore,andtheanticipatedsailofafew moments'durationwasfoundtohavedevelopedintohalf-an-hour'stripatitstermination.Thedaywasexceedinglycalm. Thewaterwassmoothinconsequenceand themotionofourboatasgentleastherockingofaba'y'scradle.Byaphenomenonas unusualwithusasitwasagreeable,our stomachswereinpeaceandwewereableto holdourheadsonhighandmakeobservationsonthingsaround.Fromthebeginning, twoboomsrunningoutfromthevessel's/tides, andapparentlyonalevelwithherupper deckhadattractedourattention.Asour nearerapproachbroughtobjectsintoclearer view,wenoticedthatropeladdershung fromthebooms,faroutfromthebulwarks andreachingnearlytothesurfaceofthe water."Whatarethese?"weask."For boats'crewstogetonboard.Theyclamber uptheladders.springupontheboomantirun ondeck.""Nootherwayofgoingon board?"weask,apainfulmisgivingbreaking uponusaswespeak."Wedon'trequire anotherwecandowiththat,"repliesour skipper,whohasalargefaith,beitobserved, intheextentofourignoranceofnauticallife, andloveshisjoke.Ahugedesirewhichhas consumedusfordaysvanishes.Wesuddenlyattaintoadegreeofphilosophicindifferencetoshipsandshippingmatters,and
ireasdead'asstoicstothepettycuriosity fseeingtheinteriorofevenaFrenchships ',war.Weshallnotmindgoingaboard osday."Alaughistheonlyresponse,and .-loandeholdI-ewearealongside,and hereisalandingplacethatlookslikea diminutivejetty,andastaircaseandhands raillargeenoughtoadmitofourgoingup, boatandallwitheaseandinsafety,were suchaprocedurenecessary. Asailorclad,toouroureyes,inasortof brigandcostume,chatinbandand bayonetfixed,standsonaplatformone-third thewayup;andinarecess,anotherthird higher,amarinesimilarlyarmed.butofunformofmorecivilizedappearance,keeps guard.Thesentriesrecognizeourguideand at:owsustopassunchallenged.Anumberof palefaceslookingfrombehindironbars wilincatchourevesforaninstantaswe glancethroughtheopenport-holesinour B-cent.Wereachthebulwarksamoment later.Onestepandweareondeck. Ondeckwithoutadoubt.EyesandMs guyindubitabletestimonyofthefact.Up tothismomenttheheightofthevessel'ssides andherthicktallbulwarkshadshutusout fromthenoiseandbustleaboard.Andtakingthesentries,motionlessandsilentas statutes.asaspecimenofwhatweshould findwi:hin,weanticipatedanintroductionto asceneofasunruffledquietasthemostplacid ofmortalscoulddesire.Butwhatamistake. Neverwereanticipationssounfounded.Such amultitudeofformslSuchmotleygroupsl Suchconfusion,andclamourofvoicesand shufflingtreadoffeet Buzz,buzz,buzz Areweintheveryheartofacolonyofbeehivesinhabitedbyaraceofgiganticwingless bees?Doorsandhatchesandgangwaysare openoneverysideandthrougheveryone thereisacontinuousstreaminginandout. sailors,marines,civilians,cooks,officersand boatswainsaremovingineverydirection, anticlustersarestandinghereandtherelike drovesoflazydrones,whodonothingbut hum,Thestrangenessofthelanguagehelps thedelusion.NotasyllableoftheQueen's Englishfallsfamiliarlyuponourears.But theairisfilledwithanindistinctchorusof nasaltwangs,whichallblendedtogether soundstousasthechantofaswarmhoveringinastateofexcitementabovetheirhome. Wetrytocollectoursensesandforman ideaofwhatisaround.Aftisaloftyand spaciouspoop,someofficersinuniform,one withtelescopeinhand,pacinguponit. Rightforwardisasimilarelevation-the forcastle-beginningabouteightortenfeet shafttheforemastandfillingtheentirespace intotheverybows.Itformsthequartersof halfthecomplementofsailorsonboard.The roomisspacious,neatandtidy.Thehammocksareunslungandrangedoutsidealong thebulwarkswheretheymakequiteafor"midablerampart."Howmanysailorsin "all?"weask."Closeupon400.""Four "hundredI"aneedlesslylargenumber,we think,But towardsthe mastsandgazeuponthemazeofcordage andforestsofsparsaloft.Theforetopisat immenseheightaboveusandafewsailorsin timecross-treeslooklikesomanypenguins; whohavegottherebymistake.Our courteousguideseemstorendourthoughts. "Themainmastis65metres"high."Atthe momentwehadnoverydefiniteideaofwhat ametreis,andifhehadsaidahundredora thousandwewouldasreadilyharebelieved him.Ita'ermenferencetocomparativetables andwiththeaidofafewfigures,wefound thatthe65metresrepre'ented213English feet."Lookhere."1,eadds,pointingtoa hugebeamstandingonendandlargeenough tomakearespectablemain-mastforagood "sizedschooner."Itistheforeroyalmast." "Andlookatthatthejury-helmwerigged "whenourordinaryonewascarriedaway." Oureyesfollowedinthedirectionindicated, andourwondercommencestosubside."The Navarinis67metreslong,"headds,purse"inghisobservations,"17broadand18deep." Thatisweaddfortheconvenienceofour readers-219feet,55,and59respectively. "Shecarriessixanchors,fourofwhichare "slungandtwoinreserveinthehold.The "largesttwoweigheach,10tors."This figureneedsnotranslationasthedifference betweentheFrenchandEnglishweightof thenameamountsonlytoafewpounds,the latterbeingthegreaterofthetwo."The "capstanwhichismovedbyhandpowerand "isworkedsimultaneouslyfromtwodecks "ismannedby200ofthecrew.Thehelm "weighs74tonsandthereare10boatsin "thedavitsbesidesonewhichwaswashed "awayinagalesinceleavingFrance.One "ofthesethatremainisasteamlaunch, "TheNovarinherselfisof3.000tons "burthen."Bythistuneoursccptismhas meltedawayandwecanadmitthepossibilityoftherebeingworkenoughtodofor evencloseupon400seameninthemanage. mentofoneship,whenthatshiphappens tobeofthedimensionoftheNavarma. Butwecannottarrytoolongatour calculations.Wemoveou.Hereright amidshipsonthestarboardsideclosetothe spotonwhichwearestandingisagalley. Itissmallandnearlyentirelyfilledwiththe hugeboilerswhichareseethingandsimmeringwithwhatwepresume,fromthenovelty ofthesmellwhich&sailsourolfactorynerves, tobegenuineFrenchsoup.Ontheportside wenoticeasimilarconstruction.Eachstands inarecesswhichjutsoutslightlybeyondthe ship'ssideandwhichappearstousnottohave beenoriginallyintendedfortheverybeneficieutpurposesforwhichitisnowemployed. Theprojectingpositionoftherecesses appearstoustoindicatetheiruse,whenthe vesselwasinwartrim,ascoversforoneor twoguns,orafileofsmallarmstorake boatsapproachingclosetothevessel'ssides foreandaftwithhostileintent. Ashortladderleadfsfromthedecktothe roofoftheforecastle.Thisisprivileged
ground,reservedfortheuseofpettyofficers asthepoopgenerallyisforthesenior officials.Amarineandasailor,perfect facsimilesofthosewehadnoticedwhen comingaboard,stoodsentryhere.Fromour elevatedpositionweobservedtwomore,far awayuponthepoopandtwoagainonan accomodationladderwhichhungonthe portside,theoppositetothatbywhichwe hadentered.Marinesandsailorsarenot,we learnedoninquiry,onclosertermsoffriendshipinFrenchshipsthantheyareinEnglishmen-of-war.Howtheyregardone anotherinthelattereveryoneknows.And itseemedtousasageexpedient,ofthe Frenchmenworthyofbeingtakennoteof, toplanttheirsentrieseverinpairs,one fromeachofthehostileraces.Theplanhas thisadvantagethatwhilethesentrieswatch theship,theyalsowatcheachother. Descendingfromhaforecastle,we pushourwaythroughcrowdsofseamen,to anopenhatch,andpickourstepsdownwards byasnarrow,andsteepandawkwardastairwayaseveralandsmantrod."Luhuteerie haute"saysourguideinexplanation.Forthe wordsweoffer-Theuppergun-deck"asa tolerableequivalenttoourreaders.Butwho eversawagun-deckboutguns,andhere therenogunsthatwecansee.Theportholesyawnwideopen.butareempty.AhI wearereminded,thegoodshiphasgivenup thepursuitsofearlyMemelnolongerawarriorreadytosweeptheseas,fillsthehumble officeofagaoleronthedeep.Andtheremindercomesunpleasantlyandwithpain. Onbothsidesofthedeckonwhichwestand, aretwoimmensecages-wewritewithont figureofspeech-runninginthedirectionof theshipslength,twofeetormorefromthe openportsandwithabroadpassagebetween. Theyareabout10feetwide,8inheightand ofconsiderablelength.Eachisfilledwith men,dressedinasortoffustianclothof whitecolor,andcleanshavedandpale.It needsnobodytotelluswhothesemenare. TheNararinisaconvictship.Asweenteredithappenedtobedinnertimeandthe prisonerswereseatedonthefloor.Neither tablenorformdidwesee.Theyweredistributedinmesses,eachmesseatingoutofoned Theironlyapparentaidintheworkofdisposingoftheirmealwasaspoon.Laterin thedaywhenwepassedby,dinnerwasover andtheprisonerswerepacingaboutwithin theirbars.Avividrecollectionstoleupon usofcagesinwhichwereconfinedthefierce denizensofAfricanforestsandAsiaticjungles,andofthescowlingeyesanduneasy movementsofthebeastswithin.Wewould havedismissedthethought-butthelikeness towhatwesawbeforewastoostrong-and therecollectionofearlysceneshauntedus duiingtheday.Attheupperendaswewalked aft,anofficialwasseatedatatablebusywith papers.Weweretoldheisthechiefwarder. Helookedthepictureofaffabilityandbowed politelytousaseecameup.Atablewas beforehimwithpapersatwhichhewasengagedinwriting.Besidehimweretwo brightlyburnishedcanon,asplacidlooking ashimself.Theirmouthsopenedoniroously withinafewfeetofthecage,butwerehidden fronttheviewoftheinmates,byathick pieceofcanvass%Odellhungasacurtainon thebarsoftheend.Weweretoldnottogo near.Thepurposeofthegunswaspretty plain.Theywereloadedwithgrapeshut. Oneoftheuglythingsofaconvictship. Wecarednottolinger,butgentlyurgingour guideon,weleftthespot.
ittontblpjottings.
newspaperstoo,containingreportsthereof havebeenfreelycirculatedinthecolony.
THELACEPEDEISLANDS.-Thequestion whethertheLacepedeIslandsbelongtothe BritishortotheAmericanGovernmentbee givenrips°tosomeanimateddiscussion.The publicpressseemsdividedonthequestionad totherightofownershipthoughtheGovernor himselfdoesnotdoubtheILLSjurisdiction Overtheislandsinquestion.Wehavebeen informedthatbynextMaildecisiveinformationinreferencetothismatterwillbe received.
PERTHGASCOMPANY.-Atameetingof thePerthGasCompany,whichwasheldin theTownHall,onthe!nthNov.,itwan statedthat2,50Ushareshadbeerstskentips Thesharelistwillbekeptopenuntilthe 17thofJanuarynext.
PERTH(IT?CouNctL.-Tirepublished BalanceSheetofthePerthCitycaele spewsaverytare,defied.Tseamountis £19719s.sI.inadditiontoaleanof.seee fromtheColonialTreasurer.
THECROPS.-Itisasourceofsatisfaction toknowthatthecropsthroughoutthe colony,arcreported.asdoing%crywell,and thatthereiseveryproudcofanabuntlent hartest.Wesincerelytrustthatan.ilems dant!tersestmaybegathered.andtirespreventthenecessityofimpertingtheirso largelyfromtheneighboringcolonies.
BRAN,POLLARD,ANDBARLEY.-Wecer-
tainlyneverknewthesearticlestobeso scarceastheyarcatthepresenttime.Bran orPollardcannotbepurchasedWewere alwaysundertheimpressionthatWestern Australiawasadvancing.butwhensuch articlesarenottobefoundinourmarket. wealealmostinclinedtothinkwehave beenlaboringundersonicdelusion.
isconsideredverysatisfactory.Itisalso withpleasurewelearnbyarecenttelegram, thatWoolhasrisenId.perlbintheLondon market.
GOVERNORROBINSONANDTHEGERALDTONliAILWAY.-The
FremantleHeraldcommentingonHisExcellencyspostprandial speech.attheGuildfordAgriculturalMeeting onthe8thNov,last,anenttheGeraldton Railway,writesthus:-OftheGeraldton Railway-aworkundertakenin:preference toanEasternlineentirelyinoppositionto ourviewsand,wefear,toagreatmeasure becausetheGovernmentwouldnothaveit thoughtthatitcouldbeinfluencedbyan organofthepress-HisExcellencyatlength speaksalmosthopelessly.Theonlyrayof hopehevauchatesusisthatthecontractors atebeingcalledontodothatwhichthey didlongago-beforethefirstsodwaslaidandsixadayforthecompletionoftheline ltihitsllarkforbodingsinregardtothis foolishandill-managedundertaking.His Excellencyisnodoubtright;butheisobviouslywrong.asWellasveryunfair,in insinuatingthattherailwaywithallits blundersiseiriielyanaffairofwearhecalls thelatetelminiendien"andthatthe presentedmini.erationi=witlimitstasesin themutter.Thetitheinistraloninwhich thisuniteivy"redwayhat,becomeanetworkofdiets-etahe:Iseeroilyctrlthesame, withexceptionofG0,011101'ROBINSONsile. cuedingtoGovernorWese.TheCommissionerofCrawl'Lands,underwhomdepartmentthisrailwayhascome.hasbeenin officefromtitreofitstir-tsurveybyMe. Majordowntothepresenttilts;and,even supposingthat(LaingMr.\VELD'SgovernorshiphesitsIdowntherelet:beenplenty ofintot,remedyallblunder,andpatastop totillmientriergementsIiiteelensperiod thatha,sinceelaed-Themismenag,mere oh'thelast',weye:es-nem-1ythewholeTime oftherather,-hisbeenincourseofconstruetien-Callonlybelaidatthedoorof thepreseotadministration.Therewasnothingthatcetildnetharebeensetrightatthe tin)tioN1,11104.HolONSONalri,cilinthe Colony.Hadtherailwaybeenaprivate undertaking.allblunder.-e.-..senttheone ofconalmotionitatall-wouldhave,been setrightinamonth-anditstwelvemonths thelinewouldhavebeancompleted.Now, itseemstostandachanceofneverbeencompleted-inwhicheaseallthemoneywill havebeenspentandweshallKayegotnothingforit.
THEMETROPOLITANVOLUNTERRS.-The fifteenthanniversaryoftheMetropolitanRifle VolunteerCorpswascelebratedottthe9th instantbytiringattheButts.whennumerous prizeswerecontestedfur.HisExcellency theGovernorandtheCommandantfrieutColonelHarvest)visitedtheButts&trinehe day.andtheprizesWoredisttutu 1(yMrs, Robinsonatapromenadeeot;rettgivenby the111.R.V.Bandintreter.MsT.Itryen.onthe 17thinstant,andheldinthe'neveHall. Thisconcert-thefirsofthehied-was quiteasuccess,therebeingaboat persi,us present.-Ingeiree.
THESubscriptionlistsinaidoftheBoys' andGirls'Or}ImagesPerth.andalsoinaid oftheerectionoftheNowChurchNortham willappearinournextissue.
THESUPREMECOURT.-Theactionof ejectmentbroughtbyMr.BrownagainstMr. Majorhasattractedmorethanusualpublic attention.Thecasehasalreadyoccupied aboutafortnight.andthereportthereof occupiesalargeshareofthespaceofour contemporaries.
THEPERTHBUILDINGSOCIETY.-From theannualreportofthisSociety,whichhas beenpublished,wearegladtonoticethat itisinamostflourishingcondition.To industriousseeingpeoplethisSocietyoffers acapitalopportunityforinvesting.
THECOMMISSIONEROFCROWNLANDS.TheCommissionerofCrownLands,Mr. Fraserhasgoneonavisittotheneighboring colonies.WhetherMr.Fraserisonapleasure triporhasundertakenthejourneyinthe interestsofthepublicisamatterofconjecture.
'PROGRESSOFSOUTHAUSTRALIA.-Ae evidenceofthego-aheadspiritofthepeople ofSouthAustralia,wenoticefromrecent Colonialpaperstohand,thattheAssembly haspassedBillsauthorisingtheborrowingof nolessthan£3,000,000,fortheconstruction ofRailwaysandtheprosecutionofother publicworks.
THEESCAPEDFENIANS.-Afulland certainlymostinterestingaccountofthe escapeper"Catalpa"oftheFenians,from thepenofMr.CollinsaliasBreslinhasbeen publishedinourlocaljournals.American
THEEUCLATELEGRAPHLINE.-TheInquirerinissummaryofnewsfeetheEnglish Mail.publishesthefollowing:-Thehaspie Majorian,withacarg'ofte'i.er.tphipelts;for theoverlandtelegraph(MetoEtiele.has arrivedatEsperaneeBay,antihercaleois beingtranshippedforssenveyancealongthe coasttoEucla.Inreferencetoaduplicate cablebetweenAustraliaandEurope,his ExcellencytheGovernorreceivedthefollowingletterbythelastmailfronttheColonial Secretary(Hon.F.Barlee),whoisnowin England:-"WiththeChairmanofthe EasternExtensionCompany,andwith ColonelGlover,R.E.,theManagingDirector. Iharehadinterviews.andIaminaposition tosaythatascheme,ineverywaybeneficial toWesternAustralia.will,inthecourseofa fewdays,besubmittedbytheCompany.'That schemeisroughlyasfollows:-Tolayone cablefromSingaporetoltanjoewangie.anda secondfromthencetotheNorthWestCape, inWesternAustralia.Thesecablestobe workedbythepresentstaffoftheCompany. andwithnoforeigninterferenceinthe transmissionofmessages.Thecostofthese calalesisestimatedat1e100,000,andthe Companyarguewithsomereasonthatasthe businesstransactedbythecablesnowin operationisnotsufficienttokeepthestaffat workmorethantwohoursaday.adddoes notpay,itisonlyreasonablethat.ifthe Australiancoloniesinsistontheluxuryofa secondcattle,theyshouldcontributetowards thecostofit.Itisthereforeproposedthat, theintereston£400,000toberaisedin EnglandshouldbeguaranteedbytheAustraliancolonies,withsuchadditionasmay beneededforasinkingfundfor(say)a periodof15years.TheCompanycouldnot raisethismoneyinEngland(sotheysay)on theeownresponsibilityunder6percent butIpointedoutthatifthecoloniesare askedtoguaranteetheinterest,thatguarantee wouldensuretheraisingthemoneyat4per cent.Assumethat1E30,000perannumbe required,suchsumdividedamongthe severalcoloniesinproportiontotheir populationwouldbenoheavyburdenonany colony.andwouldcertainlyfalllightlyon WesternAustralia.TheCompanycontemplatethatthecablest'ouldbereadyforwork attheexpirationofoneyearfromthedate onwhichacontractwassigned."
Woos.-Wenoticethat.Woolisnowcoming indailytoPerth,andfromeverypartonthe colonywearegladtolearn,thattheclip
"Lullaby,""NeverMore,"(Ardettie;)and Balfes"Killarney,"althoughcapitallysung, losttomuchoftheireffectasbeforestated, inconsequenceofMrs.Towersbeingcompelledtoplayherownaccompaniments.
LittleKatie'ssong."Thefiveagesof Woman,"gavegeneralsatisfaction,andwon forthelittlecreatureheartyapplause.The programmeconcludedwithMorrisBarnett's OperaticComedietta."TheSwissCottage," averyprettylittlepiece,whichdisplayed thecapabilitiesofeachartistto:advantage. Therewasanentirechangeofprogrammeon ThursdayandFridayevenings,whichgave stillfurtheresidenceoftheversatilityand talentpossessedbythemembersofthisclever family.Wewishthem,heartily,thesuccess theydeserteduringtheirshortstayinthe colony.-Heruld.
TEL
FOUNDERINGovTHEGEORGETTE.
VASSE,Dee.4.
TheGeorvettesprungaleakonFriday nightoffMargaretItier,fifteenmilesfront land;one:,out,tallofpesseneers,capsized onleavingthevessel.Severaleerepielred upbyasecondLottwhichlandedthem safelyfarupthecoast.
TheGeorgettebeachedonasandyshore eightmilessouthofMargaret,andlanded allremainiugottboardsafely.
Threewomenandfivechildrenaremissing, andsupposedtohavebeendrownedbythe upsettingoftheboatnamesunknownas yet.-W.A.Times.
SISTERSOFMERCY.
THETOWERS'FAMILYATTHETOWN HALL.-OnWednesdayeveninglast.Novelle lfer29th,MissRaeaTowers,assistedbyMr. andMrs.FrankTowers,andMissKatie Towers,gavetheirfirst"ProteanatHome" intheTownHall,Perth.Forsometime pastthecityhasbeenpostedwithhuge placards.announcingtheirintendedarrival, and1011T,beforethehourappointedforopeninghadarrived,alargeerowdhadassembled atthedoors,sointensewastnedesirere wieuestheperformanceofthese(es.,erf artists.Sanguineasweretheanicipatioe, indelg,e(1inastotheabilityofthetenths. theywereamplyrealished.andtheperformancejustifiedthepraisesbestowedupon liefamilybythepressoftheadjoining, eemntes,Big;RosaTowers,ayounglady titernyear,.ishe''feature"oftheentertainment,andsustainsthevarious charactersassumed,withafidelityto11;litin., agraceandartisticfinish,thatisma:set:0es inonesoyoung.andgivespromiseofitbright career.MrsTowersisavocalistsofconsiderableability,andMr.Towersenjoysa reputationasacommedianthatisbeyond question,whileKatie,aprecociouslittle childoffiveyears,saauniversalfavorite whereversheappears.Theprogrammeof theopeningnightwasavariedandattractiveone,butsufferedsomewhatineffectfront wantofanaccampanyist.Mrs.Towers havingtosinginetchabuildingtoherown accompaniinent,appearedtoconsiderable disadvantage,andnothingcouldmorecompletelyestablishherclaimasanartistof verygreatpower,thanthesueceeshe achievedundersuchunfavorableconditions. Theseentertainments--TheTowersFamily atHouse."havebeenwritten,ormorecorrectly,complied.weunderstand,byMr. Towershimself.withtheobjectofintroducing hisgifteddaughter,Rosa.inselectionsfrom herfavoritecharacter,anditsherbestsongs andballads-andasaliteraryjoinerMr. 'louvershasshownnolittleabilityMr... Towers,afterthemannerofmastwives,in spiteoftheremonstrance'sofherloelturd master,Mr.Towers,insistsupongivinga seriesofpartiesandballs,andkeepingupa roundoffashionableentertainments.They receivevisitors,thefirstofwhom.Herman Shultzeneffenstaffin,(RosaTowers.)aGerman emigrantintrolueedtheGermansong"DorgooflagerBeer."Thischaracterat onceestablishedMissTowersasafavorite withtheaudiencebyitsexcellentdelienation, andthestyleinwhichshegavethesong. Mr.FrankTowers'impersonationofTint Flaherty,anIrishladdy,andProps,astage struckyouth,wereevtretuelyvividand artiste.ThemakeupofPoliceman,X.Y.Z. onduty,tookamazinglywiththehackseats andcreatedroarsoflaughter,Miggaawaif ofthestreets,displayedtoadvantagethe peculiarcombinationofcomedyandpathos whichMissRosaTowershasthepowerofexpressing,andfullysustainedthereputation sheenjoysasagiftedartist,andhersone "Nobody'sChild,"wasdeservedlyapplauded. ThedomesticscenebetweenSallyGrumps, amaidofallwork,(Mrs.FrankTowers.) andGratty,(RosaTowers)withthelatter's song-"HungryGal,"causedplentyof merriment,andproducedroarsoflaughter. TheballadsintroducedbyMrs.Towers-
ToTHEEDITOROFTHEW.A.Catholicecord. baa,-
BytheP.&0.S.S.Assamwhicharrived hereonthe12thinst.,from:Me:bourneonthe homewardroute.Withotherpassengerswho landedhereweretwo"SistersofMercy,"en routetoDublinfromNewZealand,and fromtheveryacri,emannertheycanvassed thetown,itisevidenttheywereengagedon somemissionofcharity,whichcausedthem toremainuntilashorttimebeforethe departureofthesteamerforGeneatthelast hour,when,adifficultyaroseaboutgetting offfromthejetty.Thepassengerswhowere onshovehaviugallgoneonboard,andthe ownersofboatsnotengagedwereindifferent aboutriskingatripitwassorough,anda squallonatthetimeatlengthawhaleboat underthemanagementofMessrs.Douglas andArmstrong,andMr.SansO'Grady(a volunteer)putoffwiththe"goodSisters" andresultedthesteamerallright,butherea freshdifficultyarose,noboatcouldlie alongsidewithsafety,consequentlyittook allhandstomanagetheboatandwereunable torenderanyassistancetotheirpassengers togetonboard,althoughtheofficersofthe steamerwereatthestepswaitingtoreceive them,andaftersometimerescuedonefrom theboat,andafterwaitingpatientlyfora convenientopportunity,succeededinrescuingtheother,andduringthistryingscene, itwasmostgratifyingtoobservetherespectfulattentionoftheseofficers,andconspicuouslythatofthechiefofficerandsurgeon.
Muchanxietywasfeltbythepassergers forthesafetyoftheladiesastheywatched themotionoftheboatfromthebulwarksof thesteamer,andgreatwaslhe'rdelightto seethemsafeonboard,infacttheonly personswhoseemedunconcernedwerethe goodladiesthemselves,astheonlyinconveniencetheyappearedtosufferwas thelossofachoicevarietyofflowerswhich hadbeengiventhemnysomefriendswhile onshore;thesetheywereobligedtoabandon ongettingfromtheboattothesteamer,and theywereimmediatelyscatteredtothewaves
Iam,Sir, YourobedientServant, ANEYEWITNESS.' Albany,16thOctober,187G.
BAZAARINAIDOFTHEROMAN CATHOLICOEXHANAGES.
Behanenteringopena3,portoftheBaum openedintheTown onWednesdaylast itmaybeinterestingifweintbmitaprecisof anenterprisewhichsofar,hasresultedina successwhichcannotfailtobeeminently gratifyingtoallwhowere:instrumental inproducingsohappyaresult.Early-in themonthofMarchaninitiatorymovement wassetonfootbythemanagersoftheOrphanages,whocalledameetingoftheladies oftheR.C.Cathedralcongregationandlaid beforethemaplanforholdingabazaaron behalfofthefuudsofthetwoOrphanages. Havingreceivedapromiseofgeneralcooperation,ameetingwasconvenedandheld towardstheendofMarch,whenaheartyconcurrencebeinggiventothemovement:a committeeofladieswasappointedtomake allthenecessaryarrangements.Thecommitteesettoworkwithoutdelaytoobtain donationsofmoney,goods,andneedleand fancyworkfromtheirvariousfriends throughouttheseveraldistrictsofthecolony. Theworkofoganisationbeinginasufficiently forwardstate,anothermeetingwasheldin July.atwhichthetimefortheholdingof thebazaarwasfixed.Atafurthermeeting heldinthefollowingmonth,acommitteeof gentlemenwasnamedtoassistincarrying onthemoreactivearrangementsnecessary forthefancyfair.Thecommitteethusappointedgaveearlyevidencethattheywere nolesszealousthantheirfairpartnersinthe charitablework,andtheireffortscontributed isnosmalldegreetothegeneralsuccess. Somedifficultywasexperiencedintheselectionofasuitablebuildinginwhichtohold thebazaar,buttheTownHallWONultimately fixeduponasbeingadmirablyadaptedfor thepurpose.Bythekindpermissionofthe ChairmanoftheCityCouncilthecommittee ofmanagementwereallowedtheuseofthe hallforsomedayspriortothosefixedforholdingthebazaar,inordertoenablethecommitteetoarrangethestallsandtoforwardthe workofdecoration.
Havingtracedconciselythehistoryofa bazaarwhichreflectsnoordinarycreditupon thoseengagedinpreparingforitsolongand sounweariedly,wewillproceedtospeakof thefancyfairindetail.Theroomwas openedonWednesdaypresentedtheappearanceofaveritablefairypalace.Itwasthen discoveredwithwhatuncommonzeal,and patience,andearnestnesstheladystallholdersmusthavelaboredformonthspastto havesucceededinobtainingsovast,and varied,andbeautifulacollection,andto havearrangedthesamewithsotouchtaste anddiscernment.Thehandofwomanwas everywhereobserved.Thestalls,twenty-two innumberwerearrangedroundthehall. Thesewerecoveredwithpincushions. picturebooksforchildren.scrapbooks,lace, toilettecovers.anti-macassars,markers, samplers.woolenslippers.boquetsofflowers. dolls,ottomans,smokingcaps,variousworked andembroideredarticles,andahundred beautifulknicknacks.thename:andusesof ofwhichareunknowntothegenusman. Manyofthearticleswereextreme.ybeautiful, whilethefinenessoftheworkmanshipin severalthingscouldhardlybesurpassed anywhere.Specialen.ntionmaybemade ofthereallymagnificentspecimensofwool work,executedbyyoungladiesattending theConventSchool,andbyotherfriendsof theOrphanage,Atelevenintheforenoon thebazaarwasopened,butwasnotimmediatelyfollowedbyarush.Towardsthe afternoon,however,thevisitorscommenced droppingin,andbyeveningthespacious hallwaswellfilled.Ofcourse,inallsuch places,theladiesformedtheprincipleportionofthegathering,andweretobeseen intheirownpeculiarelement.Someofthe articles,especiallythoseappertainingto infants,were"fearfullyandwonderfully made,"andsoquitebeyondthecapacityof theordinarymalevisitors.Amongthe variedcollectiondisplayedtherewas,however.literallysomethingforeverybody"whethercrustybachelor,enviedbenedict, unsophisticatedyouth,orblushingmaiden. Fancypurseswereplacedconspicuouslyon mostofthestalls,butdidnotappeartofind muchfavorinthesightofvisitors,because probably,aftertheblandishmentsofthe stall-keepers,buyershavenot,asarule, muchneedofsuchthings.Cushionsof diverssorts,fromtheplainandusefultothe softestincitingvelvet,andenrichedwith curiousandtastefulskill,werescatteredall overthetables.Antimacassarshave,as usual,adominantplace,constructedofthe softestwooltothecoarsestcotton,designed inmysticshapes,and,ofaconstructionthat defiesdescription.Therewaslikewisea wholecolonyofdolls,fromtheordinary domesticinchintztobridesinrichestsatins. Smokingcapseverywhereprevail,sonicin modestcolors,othersheavilymountedin therichesthues.Inshort,ourspacemight beabsorbedinparticularisingthevarious Articlesexhibitedforsalebutwemustnot lingeronthissubject.Nearlyeverything displayedattheexpositionpossessedsome intrinsicvalueofmerittorecommendit.
toInflicttherewithmartyrdomonmankind. Itis,however,quiterefreshingtoseethe generalcheerfulnessofvariouswell-known gentlemenofspeculativetendenciesUnder heavyandcuriousburdens,theconsequences oftheirrecklessinvestment.Wequestion iftherehatbeenabazaarinPerthwherethere hasbeensuchanabsenceofpesteringimportunity,lessforcingofbusiness,andsuch goodvalueformoneyinvested.Theattendanceyesterdaywasevenmorenumerous thanonWednesday,andthesalescones. pondinglybrisker.HisExcellencythe GovernorandMrs.Robinsonpatronisedthe bazaarintheafternoon,andmadeseveral purchases.Thefairwillbecontinuedtoday,andconsideringtheimportanceofthe objectthepublicoughtagaintorespond readily.Theladiespresidingoverandin attendanceonthestallsareasfollows:-No. 1-Mrs.J.T.Reilly,assistedbyMissKelly andMissReilly.No.2-Mrs..1.R.Mews, assistedbyMissSpencer,andMissBuda. No.3-Mrs.J.C.Chipper,assistedbyMiss C.Campbell,No,4-Mrs.W.L.W.Harper, assistedbyMissHeartfeltN...5--Mrs.H. Williams,assistedbyMrs.F.R.Stirling. No.6-MissJacksonassistedbyMissRoe, andMissLittle.No.7-Mrs.J.M.Patton, assistedbyMissGlytie.No.8.-Mrs.Samson, assistedbyMrs.D.Scott,andMissSamson. No.9-Mrs.Martnion,assistedbyMissScott, andMissGibbon.No.10-Mrs.W.S. Pearse,assistedbyMissCleary.No.11Mrs.Lucas,assistedbyMissUrsulaReilly. No.12-Mrs.F.W.Scott,assistedbyMiss Meagher.No.13-Mrs.P.Hagan.assisted byMrs.Herbert,andMissHuune.No.14Mrs.C.0.II.Cooper,assistedbyMiss Matheson.No.15-Mrs.Boladeras,assisted byMissCommerford.No.16-Mrs.J.R. Jones,assistednyMissRodoreda.No.17MrsNunn,assistedbyMisslarrelly.No. 18-MissCampbell,assistedbyMissHartley. No.I9-MissLeeder,assistedbyMissA. Leeder.No.20-MissKenny,assistedto MissRogan.No.21-Mrs.it.Gallop,assistedbyMrs.McGovern. Theseareaidedintheirendeavorsledisposeofthegoodsbyanumberofotherwillinghands.Ahostofthesternersexalso rendergoodgeniesinavarietyetways; but,itisunderstoodthatbeingmostly"ofa retiringdisposition,theyNOW,'"1/111Nilto finditfame,"andtheyareIiiefaelenot designatedindieidum13.
THECATHOLICCHU AND 13EPUBLICSCHOOLSYSTEM.
ForyearstheattituieoftheCatholic Churchtowardsthepublicshotshasbeen eitherknowimuiyori,r.nortintlymisrepresented.Bythepressandintheforum,inthe hallsoflegislation,andinthepulpitsof Protestantism,theCatholicChurchhasbeen falselyandfoullyaccusedofdesigningthe destructionofthecommonschoolsystem, Withthefainthopeofmakingourvoice heardabovethelouddinofslanderwhich meetsusoneveryside,whentheschool questionisdiscussed,webegleavetostate, categorically,theposition,oftheCatholic Churchinrelationtothecommonschools.
DECLARATIONTOTHEPEOPLEOFTHE UNITEDSTATESI
EnemiesoftheCatholicChurchassertthat thebishopsandclergyoftheCatholic Churchmirehostiletothepublicschoolsof thecountry,andareleaguedtogetherto destroythem.AmericansreadourDeclaration,andlearnourtruesentiments
portiontothenumberofpupilsintheir schools.Buteventhisclaimwearedisposedtowaiveinyourfavor.
6.Youcanhavenoreasontofearthe effectofoursystemontheCommonwealth, becauseexperiencehasprovedthatthe studentsofourcolleges,academies,and schoolsareareasgoodandasusefuleitizeus. esthosewhocomeoutofyourinstitutions. Andifineveryotherbranchofhunsimuction youadmittheprincipleofcompetitioasad believeinitsbeneficialinfluence,whyshould youexcludeitfromeducation,haddeprive yourselvesofthebenefitwhichemulation wouldproduce?
7.Wefearthatnotwithstandingthis sincere,precise,andsolemndeclaration, therewillyetbefoundfanaticalmenand politicalspeakerswhowillendeavortoexcitetheirhearersbyassertingtheimaginary oppositionoftheCatholicClergytothe Publicschoolsofthecountry.Ittooneof themisfortunesofthisworldthatitcannot getridofmen,wholikeDouQuixote,are perpetuallytightligagainstwind-wills,under thepleaorimminent,dangerstotheirfellowmen.Suchmendonotwishtoknowthe truth,andthoughwerepeatitathousand timesthatwedonotopposetheirschools, anyinurethanweadoreimages,ortrust inureintheBlessedVirginthaninthemerits ofChrist,theywillathousandtimesrenew thechargeandswearthatwedo.Wedo notexpecttosilencesuchmenbutwe appealtoallfairmindedcitizensnottohe ledastray14thebigotedorignorantrantins ofmenwhowouldblindthemfortheiruwit politicalends.
WeaskDOfavororprivilege.Allweask istobeletaloneinfollowingthedieiatesof ourownconscience,andyoucannotrefuse this,isithuutundtriiiininAtheConstitution, andpreparingthe isforthelossutthe smiteetsient otoset,es. Anieriesiissearewillingtorallywall younailertheAs.;;andConstitution,and maintainthem%mitt'ourblood,asteehate doneheretofore.Butwecannothelpfearing teatbothareinperil,ithilstalart,euumber ofourfellowcitizens,inandoutofoffice, allowthesiselestobe'ethicneedbyLimo! calorsett-ooerestostpoliticians,orbyinfidel Ionia)loisigners,vsliocometous withtheproudpretensiono:teaeliirigus listrepublicangovermileutis,about, theyknownothingthentvises.All,easis lathat01.1N1.11101.,gotosuchnonto!ono ,euiutat,whatareoursentiments. timeusafairhearing,andreceivethis tieciarationasthesincereexpressionofour trueprinciples,Whit:iticemakebeforetimid andHien,actuaieilbynoother'Howethen ourdesireI'rthewelfarenodprogressand perpetsityofourcountry,suchasti.e tiersto'76madeit,andintendedthatit mouldrt;mon. Yoursincerefriendandloverutthe AmericanRepublic, tot Archiishopof
AMERICA.
THERICHESTM 0LAM%
Mackay.,winesincomeisestimatedatfully 2,0001000andthree-quarterssterlingayou Thismiracleofwealthisnotyetforty-fire yearsofage;thirtyoearsagohowasa peaches')youthinIreland;twentyyearsago hewaa6speeulative.claritwoodenng.through theStates;todayheownsthreeeighthsof theGreatBonanza,themostproductive silvermineeverworked,andeveryminute ofhisaziatesee,withlittleeffortonhispart, hiswealthisincreasedbytwenty-livegolden dollars.Heissaidtoliveanunostentatious life,lookingdiligentlyafterhisproperty. Now,supposehisincometobeonlyamillion andaballsterling,rememberheisstill young,calculatehisfuturereceiptsandthe additionalresultsfrominvestments;and thenwemustconcludethatforallpractical purposestherichestmanintheworldis Mr.Mackay,whoisnotyetforty-fireyears old.
GERMANY.
RETURNINGGOODFOREVIL.
1.TheCatholicbishopsandclergylouse nointention,whatever,tointerferewith yourpublicschoolsystem.Buildasmany schoolsasyouwish,wewillneversaya wordagainstit,andwewillleavetoyourselvesthecareofyourownchildren.
2.Youwishyourschoolstobefreefrom allreligiousinfluenceinotherwords,you wishthemnottobesectionalorsectarianin anycase.TheEpiscopateoftheCatholic ChurchsaysinthisregardDowithyour childrenasyouplease.
3.WeCatholics,ontheotherhand,are undertheconvictionthatchildrenaresent toschool,notonlytobeformedintocitizens, butalsoandespecially,tobeeducatedinto goodmenandgoodChristians,andour Churchbelieves,inallearnest,withGuizot, thecelebratedProtestantstatesmanof France,thateducationcanbynomeanshe separatedfrontreligiousinfluence.Therefore,whilstleavingyourschoolsandtheir managementpeacefullyinyourownhands, weclaimtherightofhavingschoolsofour own,fromwhichreligionshallnotbeexcluded,butheallowedtoexerciseitssalutaryinfluenceonyouth..
Thelargestfortuneamassedduringthe lasttwelvecenturies,ifnotitalltime,certainlywasthatofthelateBaronRothschild, ofParis,wholeftbehindhimathousand millionsoffrancs(#:44.1,000,000),ahuge, almostincomprehensibletotal.Hewasthe richestmemberofafamily,allofwhose memberswererich,butashelefthiswealth amongthem,theremaybenowaRothschild worthasmuchandifso,beyonddoubthe isthewealthiestoflivingmen.
WhenthelateMarquisofWestminster wasalivehewassupposedbysometobe worth£800,000ayear,whichifcapitalized (it.beingalmostwhollyderivedfromreal estate)representedacapitaloffromfifteen totwentymillions;butnowell-informed personbelievedtherumour,andwesuspect thetruthofhisincomewas£350,000ayear, anditwasincumberedbysettlementsand burdensincurredinhisimmensebuilding operations.
ThereligiousordersoftheChurchhave been,nexttotheBishopsandArchbishops, specialobjectsofpersecutionbytheGerman Government,supportedandencouragedinits attackupontheCatholicreligionbyProtestants,Liberalists,andJews.ThefollowingstatisticsshowthattheCatbolicreligious have,meanwhile,beenretuninggoodfor evil.SOJoseph'sHospitalatEraberaeld,in chargeofSistersofSt.CharlesBorromeo, had,accordingtothe"WupperthalerVolkes Blaetterin,"duringthoyear1872,1225 patientswithinitswalls,Ofthese505were Catholics,707Protestants,thirteenJews. The"GreySisters"ofSt.Elizabeth,iu Dresden,nursed,duringtheyear1875,three hundredandseventy-sevensickpersonsat theirhomes,ofwhichnumberonehundred andtwenty-ninewereCatholics,twohundred andtwenty-nineProtestants,sevenJews,two GreekCatholics. AttheHospitalofSt.MaryMagdalene thePenitent,iuLauber',Silesia,threehundredandsixty-eightpersonswereattended duringtheyear1875.Oftheseonehundredandtwenty-eightwereCatholics,and twohundredandTonyProtestants. Duringthesameyear,the"GreySisters" inHirechberg,Silesia,nursedtwohundred andsevensickpersonaOtthesefortyeightwereCatholic*,onehundredand thirty-oneProtestants,twenty-eight Itappearsfrontthisthatduring1875, whilsttheCatholicreligiouswerebeing despoiledoftheirproperty,placedunder policesturveilluaceandvisitations,subject toinsults,andmanyofthembanished,all throughapublicpolicyshapedandsustained byacombinationofanti-Catholics,that thesepersecutingnun-Catholicsreceivedin greaterdegreethandidCatholicsthe charitableattentionsandministrationsof thesereligious.Summinguptheforegoing statistics,itappearsthat1307ofthepersona nursedandattendedtobytheSisterswere Protestaate,48wereJews,andtwomore Greek,overagainst820Catholics.Thusit isthatasourdivineLordinthedaysofHis visiblepresenceonearthblessedandsuccouredHisenemies,sotheCatholic religioustodayanimatedbyHisspiritand imitatingHisexample,actinlikemanner andspirittowardtheirandHispersecutors. -CatholicSentinel.
THEPOPE'SDAILYLIFE.
(WestminsterGazette,Sept.,9,1876.)
Livelymusictenderedatintervalsonthe pianoduringtheday,andbytheM.R.V. Bandatnight,togetherwithattractive goods,sadpersuasivesellers,havesofar madethebazaaranunqualifiedsuccess,Itis amusingtowatchthevariedaspectofthe sceneasthedifferentclassesofvisitorsare uoixedandteasedintoventuringtheirsmall rashindelusivelotteries,orintobuyingantimacassars,mats,andsimilarhousehold furnishingsandinstrumentsoftorturewhich srephicedinthehandsofpersuasivedamsels
4.Weclaimtherightonthepleathatwe areareligiousbodyittthisfreecountry, whoseConstitutionmostsolemnlyguarantees thefreeexerciseofreligiousbelieftoallits citizens,andthefullestpersonalfreedomin regardtothedictatesofconscience.Now, thereisnotamoreessentialoramorepreciouslibertythanthatofparentstoeducate theirchildreninthemannerinwhichthey thinkwillmakethemhappyfortimeand kE'eternity.Therefore,theCatholicpeople, withlogicalsequence,claimtheprotection oftheGovernment,asnottobemolestedin theirschools.
5.Wesayprotection.Nodoubt,justice andequalitywouldentitletheCatholic peopleofshincotiutrytoexemptionfrom taxationforthesupportofotbar of toashareofthepublicset.00lfoir.1inpro-
ButturningfromtheseOldContinent plutocrats,andfromthelaid-dealersin almosttheoldestcityoftheNewWorld,let uslookforamomentinanotherdirection, viz.,toCaliforniaandNevada,thoserecently settledregionswherefortyyearsago,only savagesroamed,althoughto-daytheyaro coveredwithrailwaysandaboundwiththe fruitsofwhitemen'smoney-makingpropensities.Herearefoundtheloftiesttrees,the grandestharvestsofallkinds,andthemost productiveminesintheworld;hosethere israpidlyspringingupwhatinanotherhalf centurywillbethegreatestportusedby omit;hereareAnglo-Saxonsofunsurpassed energy,andherearealltheelementsneeded fortheaccumulationofunprecedentedfortunes.Fortunesofgreatsizearewon-and lott.Inspiteofexaggerations,undoubtedly someveryridsmenliveonthatsideofthe UnitedStates;wemaygofurtherandsay soitthepropertiesheldbysomemetthemcontinueasprofitableasatpresent,andifthe presentowners(*Minottoretainthoseproperties,"therichestwanintheworld,"probablyisaealifOrnianoraNevieiien.Itis asDiesouOle,in,DOMinotestimates,to capitalizeasilverwiseasafarm.Now,in theStatereferredtoaremineswhichitis scarcelyexaggerationtocallmountainsof silver.Twopearlsagothepresentwriter wroteinthesepagesaboutSenatorJonas,of Nevada,whowasthenrepuedtodraw 5,000,00oofdollarsyearlyfromhiesilver mines,and,therefore,.topossessthegreatst,surestearlyincomeknown.Itassa cryiargenand,butsincethenithasbeen exceededforatpresentthereisaMoJ.W.
PiusIS.,writesadistinguishedcorrespondenttoaFrenchpaper,likethegreater numberofhisecclesiastics,isanearlyriser. AtanhourwhenallinRomeareasleep lightsarealreadyseenbehindthehigh, windowsoftheVatican.Itishalf-pastfive. ThePope'sbed-roomdoorsuddenlyopens, andhisHolinessappears.Bonglom°,says thePopeinaclear,distinctvoicetohisaged valetdechambre,SignorZangoliniwho isdressedinaviolet-colouredrobe,andwho occupieshisleisuremomentsindisposingof unheard-ofquantitiesofsnuff. Signor ZangolinithenentersthePope'sroom, shaveshim,dresseshim,andthenleaveshim inhisprivacytillseveno'clock,whenthePope repairstohischapel,wherehecelebratesand alsohearsMass.ItisatthismorningMaas whereheadministersthesacramentto foreignersofdistinctionvisitingRome.It isconsideredaveryhighhonourtoreceive thesacramentfromthehandsofhis Holinessbutinordertopartakeofthis privilegeonemustbeupandstirringbyfive in,themorning.Everypersonmustbe presentatthecelebrationofthetwoMasses -domestics,SwissGuards,PalatineGuards, tsc.Servicebeingconcluded,Pius1X.Passes intotherefectory,wherealreadysmokingon thetablestandsatureenofsoup,inwhich areseenfloating-theflee-mssofGenoa.The Popequalifiesthesoupwithaglassof Orvietowine,eatsfourorfivemoistened biscuitsandnowitisalmostnineo'clock, hepassesintohisbusinessroom.Heisseated athistable-beforehimarethecrucifixand theimageoftheHolyVirgin.Cardinal Autonelii,exhaustedandshatteredbyhis longillness,butinwhoseeyesthatsingular brightnesscannotbequenchsd,scatshimself oppositehissovereign,Hewearsthecourt dressoftheVatican,asoutane,ablacktightfittinglobe,fringedwithred,withsmallred buttons,andaredaukcloak.TheCardinal discusseswithhisHolinessgravequestions ofStatepolicy.exhibitstohimthedispatches thathavearrivedtheprevious.exciting.and
'e1
takeshisdeparture.Thefunctionarywhois nextusheredintothePopesbusiness-room isalayman,SignorGiacomoSpagns,Prefect oftheApostolicPslace,whosefunction amongothersconsistsinthemanagementof thesumsderivedfromSt.Peter'sPenny. Theserandsamountyearlytotwentymi.11,11 francs.Aportionisabsorbedbythe numerousattendants,servitors,guards, gendarmes,wholiveintheVatican,by pensionsandtheexpensesofnunciosat foreigncourts.Therestiscapitalised,an itissaidthatthedaywillsooncomewhen theVaticanwillpossessarevenueequalto thesumwhichtheItalianGovernmentplace atitsdisposal-threemillionfrancs-but whichthePopehashithertorefusedto accept. Thencomesthehourofthearrivalofthe post.PiusIX.openssomeletters,then hastilymakeshimselfacquaintedwiththe contentsofthenewspapers.Thehourfor receptionsounds,thesolemntimewhenthe Popegrantsaudience.Thehallofthe countessMathildaisfilledwithladies,mostly foreign,inthestrictattirerequiredatthe Vatican-ablacksilkdress,theheadcovered withablackveil,andnojewellery.Gentlemenmustheinstricteveningcostumes,with awhitecravat.Anoiseisheardofthe trampofarmedmen.TheSwissGuards linethehall;thenentersalongarrayof prelatesandotherdignitariesoftheChurch -lastofallthePope.Theseaudiencesare oftenmarkedbytouchingincidents.The audienceisover.Itisnowtwelveo'clock. ThePopewalksinhisgardenaccompanied byfiveorsixcardinalsandotherfamiliars ofthepalace.Itisduringthispromenade thatthePopehearsallthattakesplacein thecity.Nothingoftheleastimportancei, concealedfromhim.Heismadeawareof allthedoingsandsayingsoftheinhabitants. Twohoursarethuspassed.Heisthenreconductedtohisprivateapartments,andthe cardinalsandesherstaketheirleave.Dinner isserved.Doyouwishtoknowwhat itconsistsofThereisseldomanychange. andIwilltakeuponmyselftoinformyou. Therepast,whichisinvariablythesameexceptonfasting-days,consistsofsoup.somethingboiled,asidedish.andsomevegetables OrdinarilythePopecontentshimselfwith soup,somevsgetables.andsomefruit,withouttouchingtheremainder.PiusIX.dines alone,andwiththeappetiteofamanwhose lifeiswellregulated.Dinnerover,itistime forthesiesta.Thislastsaboutanhour. Towardsfouro'clockthePopegoestothe library,accompaniedbyhisparticularfriends. amongstthese,sincethedeathofDuke Massimo,whowasneverabsentfrontthe Pope,themo-timportantisthearcheologist Visconti,notlessfamousforhiswitand reparteethanforhislearnedillustrationsof theancientmonuments.Onhiswaytothe librarythePopeblessesthemountainsof rosaries,chaplets,crosses,andscapularies whicheverydayaresentfromRometothe fivepartsoftheglobe.Thoseaccompanying thePopetothelibrarydotheirutmostto divertandinteresttheirmaster,whois alwaysofaneasy,accommodatingtemper. ThePopeenjoysanepigram,especiallyifit isneatlyturnedInverse,andheisnotthe lasttoaddthespurofhiswittothose satiricalhitslaunchedattheheadofthose oppressors,thePiedmontese,andotherbarbariads.WhenhehasdismissedhisattendantsthePopereturnsagaintowork.lie occupieshimselfnowwithreligiousaffairs, withshesecretariesoftheCongregationof Briefs.Thedayatlastconiestoanend.It isnoweighto'clock;thehourforsupper hascome.Hissupperislikethatofan anchorite-alittlebouillon,acoupleof boiledpotatoes,water,andalittlefruit.The Pope,however,doesnotyetgotobed.He isclosetedwithaprelateinhisprivate library.Ifhehasadiscoursetodeliveranoccupationtowhichhedevoteshimself verywillingly,forthePopeisanexcellent orator-hecausestheGospelofthedayto tiereadtobinsandpicksoutthepassage whichistohethesubjectofhistext,and immediatelyimprovisesanallocution,the groundworkofthediscoursestobedelivered. Ifhehasnothingparticularonhand,the prelatewhoiswithhimseeksabookinthe libraryandbeginstoread.TheHolyFather soondiscoversthatsleepisgatheringonhim. Theprelatestopsreading,andkneels. HolyFather,yourbenediction."ThePope liftshishand,pronouncestheBenediction. Itisnowteno'clock.Aquarterofanhour later,withtheexceptionofthoseprelates whohavevigilstoperform,allareasleepin theVatican.!nthecorridorsnooneistobe seenbuttheSwissGuard,habitedinhis mediaevalcostume,andaRemingtonrifleon hisshoulder.Outsidethewindwhistles throughtheimmenseporticosofthesquare ofSt.Peter,andthecoldnightwindflutters thegreenplumesinthehatoftheBersaglieri sentrywatchingfromafartheentranceto theVatican.
THEEDUC.ATIONBILL.
e'ementaryeducationnowrests,impeding theformationofnewschools,introducing discordintotheelectionofschoolboards, andplacingthemanagementofschoolsin thehaulsofpersonswhoneithercontribute tothesuppottnorareelectedbytheratepa)elsTheratepayerbealwaysafavorite stalkinghorseoftheLiberalparty.Lord Hartington'adisclaimerofanyintentionor desiretodefeatorevendelaythepassingof theBillmusthavebeenanythinghutagreeabletohisRadicalCien.ls-itisabsurdtet COIthemfollowers.Theirobjectinwnitinguponhimlastweekwasatpersuadehim tomovesuchar'solutionas,ifitweresuccessful,woulddefeattheBill.LordIlartingtonknewperfectlywellthatsucharesolution,evenithecouldconscientiously moveit,sofarfromunitingtheLiberal partywouldonlyservetoshowmoreclearly howhopelesslyitissplituponthisimportantquestion.liestherefore,suggestedthe milderresolution,which,inainesliflolform, heproposedonthesubject.Butitisobviousthatevenifthisresolutionhadpassed theBillmustatleasthavebeendelayedand probablywoolnothate',Rascalthisgessien, )sariHartingtonparticularlyobjectedto Clause47andMr.t'ell'sClause.Hisfriends. theDissenters,wereinjuredbythefirst,in14,1111.01asbyitas-istalicewillbegivento Itnominatiouaisr'limesoutofproportionto ahatthemreceivefromvoluntarycentriliuLions.liyMr.Pull'sClauseauattackwas madeupontheSchoolBoardsystem,which excitedgreatalarmLin'Sandonhadan easytaskinreplyingtoLordHartireston's statements,whichwereevidentlytheoutcomeoftheexigenciesofhisposition,being tlieleaderofapartywhichacknowledges noguidance,andleastofallIds.LordSmittenprintedoutthattherearealreiviymany schoolssupportedentirelybythepenceof theehildrenandthe-,ioverninentGrants, hatingnovoluntarysubscriptions.ornone tospeakof.ThestateofthecaseisthisTheaveragecostperchildisnow32s.,and theaverageGovernmentGrantis13s.8d., whichstillleaves18s.4d.tobesuppliedso thattakingthefeesatthehighfl:iireof IOs.,aconsiderablesumisstilllefttobe supplies'byvoluntarysubscriptions.VTR' isnodoubtthat-aswesaidatthetimeof thepassingofthisclause-thebenefitsconferredtherebyonpoorvoluntaryschools willbeverygreat.Wecannotunderstand thejealousyantinarrow-mindednessofthe partywhichaffectsamonopolyofadvocating"civilandreligiousliberty"onthis pointofreligiouseducation.AsSirG. Bowyerputit,ifCatholics,whoareapoor body,build8C110018fortheirownchildren, allycannotDissenters,whoareamore wealthybody,dothesame.I,ordHartingtoit'sresolutionwasnegativedbyamajority of62-182to120.
LORDROBERTMONTAGU'SAMENDMI.:,T.
98-175to77.Asanecessary(=sequence ofthisalterationinClause14,Clause25of theActof1870becameunnecessary,and mustherepealedanditwasratheramusing tofindMr.Forster,theauthorandupholder hfhatclause,stranglinghispetchildand proposingtherepealofClause25ofhisown Bill.Thiswasagreedto,andafterafew enireunimportantamendmendstheBillwas orderedtobereadathirdtimeonSaturday.
THETHIRDREADING.
Thelea.lersoftheOppositionhavingat lengthdiscoveredthattheycouldnotby anymeansdefeatorevenverymuchdelay thepassingoftheBill,madeasirtueof necessity.antiitwasreservedforMr. Richardtomovetherejectionofthebill whenitcameupforthethirdreading.The memberforMertlijrTydvilmadealacry'noseprotestagainsttheBill,whichlie characterisedastheworst,mostunjust,and mosttyrannicalinspiritthathadbeen broughtforwardinthiscountrysince BolingbrokeintroducedhisSchismBillin reignofQueenAnne.Thisisstronglanguage,butexaggerateddenunciationofthis kindisnotcalculatedtoconvince.Mr. ForsternaturallydefendedtheActof1870 asameasureframeduponfairandjust principles,andexplainedthatwhileheAliprovaalofmuchinthepresentBill,hecould notrecordhisvoteatall,ashedisapproved oftherelaxationoftheconditionsofthe ParliamentarygrantsTheBillwasreada thirdtimebyamajorityof73-119to46.
THEBILLINTHELORDS.
suspicionoffraud.Itisinconsistentalike withherextremesimplicityofcharacter,and withhersolid,unpretendingpiety.Butat thepresentday,andinthiscountrymore particularly,whateverseemstobearupon thesupernaturalrelationsofman,andupon theunseenworld,issuretobereceivedwith eceptieismbyunbelievers.andwithkeel criticismevenbythefriendsofreligion.It maybewell,therefore,toexaminethis questionoffraudalittlemoreclosely,andto demonstrate,withsomedegreeofminuteness, thattheprodigiesdisplayedintheecstatic girlofBoisd'Ilaine,arenotcounterfeit,but realandgenuine.
LORDITARTINOTON'SMOTION. LordHartingtoftdidnotmovehisamendmeattotheEducationBillonthereportof theamendmentbeingbroughtup,inthe formoriginallyannouncedbyhimtothe deputationatDevonshirehouse.HediscoveredthattheformsoftheHouseprecludedhimfrommovingtherecommitment oftheBillinamotionwhichalsostatedhis reasons.He,therefore,contentedhimself withsimplymovingthat,intheopinionof theHouseprincipleshadbeenintroducedintothehillsinceitssecondreading, whichwerenotthencontemplatedbytile House,tendingtodisturbthebasisonwhich
AfterLordHartineton'sresolutionhad beenthusdisposes'of,lAtrdRobertMontagu movedasanamendmenttoClause14,that whereaSchoolBoardhasfailedtomakeregulationsunderthe25th:'lauseoftheAct of1870itshallbethedutyoftheGuardians ofthePantopaytheschoolfeesofthose childrenwhoseparentsfrompovertyare unabletopaythem.Mr.Forsterstrongly opposedtheclause,asitwouldmakethe25th Clausecompulsoryinsteadofoptional,and LordSandonwasunwillingtoreopenthe question.SubsequentlytheChancellorof tileExchequerannouncedthatas.various RASPSofhardshiphabeenprove.,especially inthecaseofpourCatholicsinlargetowns theGovernmentwouldaccepttheamendment.TheOppositionwerefuriousthey tauntedtheGovernmentwithmakingan alliancewiththeCatholicmembers,and withaconstantchangeoffront.Anadmirablespeech,whichwasknidelycheered,wits madebyMr.Sullivaninhismosteloquent manner.IledeniedthealleptionofSirW. HarcourtthatCatholicsdesiredwhatthe lattercalled"clericaldomination"ineducationalmatters.Whattheymaintainedvv,a thateducation,divorcedfromreligion,might makeskilfulinfidels,butwouldneverproducegoodcitizens.HewarnedtheLiberal partythatiftheyforcedthepoorman,when hecouldnolongerpay,tosendhischildren toaschist,"fromwhichhiscorociencerebelled,theywouldnotcarrythecountry withthem,ButtheOppositionweredeterminedtodefeattheclauseiftheycould,so theyresortedtothetacticsofmovingthe adjournmentoftheHouse,thoughssmtinuallydefeated,untilhalf-pantfouronFriday morning,whentheGovernmentgaveway. AtthenextsittingLordbandonexplained theintentionoftheGovernment.Great injusticehadbeendonetothepoorinlarge towns,whichincluded(asseveralIrish membershadpointedout)alargeproportion ofCatholics,towhomitwasaserious grievancetobeforcedindirectly,bythe operationofthe25thClauseoftheActof 1870,tosendtheirchildrentoBoardSchools. Thereforetheyproposed-IfLordRobert Montaguwouldwithdrawhisamendments -t4omitfromClause14,whichprovidethattheGuardiansshould paytheschoolfeesofindigentparents, "words,"notbeingresidentinthedistrict "ofaSchoolBoard,"theeffectofwhich wouldbethatthskpowerofpayingschool feeswouldinor*ycasebetakenoutofthe handsofSchoolBoardsandplacedinthatof BoardsofGuardians,andmadenolonger optionalbutcompulsory.LordRobert Montaguagreedtothis,andaftersome debate,duringwhichmuchbitternesswas showneytheOpposition,Mr.Fawcettdeelating(whatmostpersonsknewalready) thattherewasaninseparablegulfbetween himandhistrienisantitheCatholic membersonthesubjectofcluewon,the amendedclausewascarriedbyamajorityof
TheBillwasreadasecondtimeinthe HouseofLordswithout,asmightbeexpectedatthislateperiodoftheSession,incurringanyseriousopposition.Indeed,the factofitsbeingintroducedsolateseemedto hetheonlygrievancewhichthepeersonthe Oppositionsidecouldthinkof.LordGranville,indeed,couldnotquitemakeuphis mindtoapproveofdayindustrialschools, pertlyonamountoftheenormousoutlay whichmustheincurredinerectingthemanoutlayhardlygreater,weshouldsuppose, turnthatwhichSchoolBoardslavishupon thehideousbuildingswhichweseecropping tipundertheirauspicesineverylargetown. Healsoregrettedtherepealofthe25thclause oftheActof1870,asithadworkedwell, andhewasofoiinionthatthenewclause,14, wouldcauseangryandbittercontroversyin manypartsofthecountry.Ilowever,Lord Granvillewouldnotgivenoticeofanyimportantamendmentsincommittee,first,becauseitwouldtieafarcetodoso,and, secondly,becauseitmightprovokereactionaryamendinetitafromindependent menibera.TheArchbishopofCanterbury, wearegladtonotice,tookupthecudgelson helialfofpoorCatholicchildren.liesaid thatheobservedthatCatholicshad598poor schoolsoftheirown.Heshouldliketo knowwhyCatholicsweretobeforced,onaccountoftheirpoverty,tosurrenderthese schools,andtosendtheirchildrentoBoard Schools.If,saidhisGrace,tiewereaconscientiousRomanCatholic,nothingwould inducehim,ifitwerepossibleforhimto secureareligiouseducationforhischildren, tosendthemtoaschoolwheretheycould notpossiblyobtainit.LordRipon,whose twinr:tytospeakonthesubjectofeducation isnottobeqiieaitined,confessedhimself opposedtoanyinterferenceintherelation betweenparentandchild.Nevertheless,lie almittedtherewerecasesinwhichtheSate mightlawfullyandusefullystepintosee thataparentdidperformhis(Intltowards hischild.1,nr1Riponwasafraidtherewas aprovisionintheBillfornotonlyindirect, buteverystringentdirectcompulsion,and heisnotsanguineastotheharmonious workingofasuchsysteminadistrictwhere thereisasingleschool.Englishmen,lie trulyobserved,wouldoftendowillingly whattheywouldnotdobycompulsion,and thereforealthoughatpresentallthechildren intheparish.speakinggenerally,wereseat voluntarilytotheoneschoolinconnection withtheEstablishedhurch,itdidnot followthatparentswouldsufferthemtobe driventhere.LendRipondefended theproposedincreaseofgrantsfrom theEducationDepartmenttoPoorSchools, dittoingonthispointfromthelateVicePresidentoftheCommitteeofCouncil,who acknowledgedhimselfpreventedbythis verypropositionfrontrecordinghisvotein favorofthethirdreadingoftheBillinthe Commons.Hecouldnotapproveofthepolicy oftheGovernmentinacceptingMr.Pell's clauserelatingtothedissolutionofSchool Boards,whichhethoughtwouldnothaveany veryappreciableeffect,butwouldstirup animosities;antiLordRipondeprecateda hostileantagonismbetweendenominational andboardschools.LordRipon,aswasonly natural,defendedtheActof1870,andcalled attentiontoitsgreatresultsinthewayof increasingthenumberofchildrenunderinstruction.TheBillisnotlikely,atthislase period,tosuffermuchmaltreatmentatthe handsoftheirlordships.-Tublet.
LOUISELATEAU.-PARTIII.
istecreathrtrryorTRLtro.
"Veritatemtantumetpacemdiligite."Zech.viii.19.
§1.-GENERALCONSIDERATIONS.
Thesuppositionoffraudmeanssimply thatLouiseisanimpostorthatsheproducesthebleedingStigmasherselfandthat theEcstasyisonlyapretence.Furthermore,ifweacceptthissupposition,wemust bepreparedtobelievethatshehassuccessfullycarriedonthisimposture,weekafter week,forfouryearstogether,notonlyin thepresenceofaneagercrowd,watchingall hermovements,butunderthecoldand scepticalscrutinyofscientificmen.Not tospeakofhighecclesiasticaldignitariesand distinguishedTheologians,shehadbeen visited,wearetold,bymorethanahundred Physicians,whosespecialpurposeitwasto investigatehercase,accordingtothestrict principlesoftheirscience.Nowitishardly crediblethatapeasantgirl,broughtupin povertyandhardship,withouteducation, withoutknowledgeoftheworld,wasmore thanamatchforsuchcriticsasthese;nay, thatshewagsoskilledinthewaysofdeceit ascompletelytodeludeandbafflethemall, while,atthesametime,submittedfreelyto themostsearchinginquiries,themostpainfultests.
Normustitbeimaginedthatthese witnessesapproachedthecasewithapre possessioninfavorofLouise.Manywent doubting,manydisbelievingsomeeven wentfortheexpresspurposeofexposing whattheybelievedtobeafraud.Ofthese lastwasacertainfree-thinkingdoctorwhose testimonyisdeservingofespecialnotice.He waschosenbyasectionoftheinfidelparty inBelgium,torepresentthematBois d'Ilaine,andtounmask,astheysaid,the clericalcomedywhichwasthereenacted. ItwasontheeighthofJanuary,1869,that hepresentedhimselfatthehouseofthe Ecstatica.Ashehadobtainednospecial authoritytovisitLouise,andastherewasa greatcrowdinthehousethatday,hewas, atfirst,refusedadmission.Afterwards, however,hewasrecognisedbyoneofthe medicalvisitors,throughwhoseinfluencehe wasallowedtoenter.Ileremainedseveral hours,andwentawayanalteredman.His friendswerewaitingforhim,attherailway station,andimmediatelyonhisarrival,began toquestionhim,inscoffingwords,aboutthe hehadseen.Buthecheckedthem, andsaid "Myfriends,thereisnothingto laughatinwhatIhavewitnessedto-day, butrathermuchtomakemethinkvery seriously."Soonafter,hewasconverted fromhisevilways,andbediedagood Catholictwoyearslater.
AnyonesuspectingLouisetobeanimpostor,wouldnaturallywishtolookintoher littlecell,onsomeFriday,whennovisitor wasthere,andnonewasexpected,-inother words,totaketheimpostorbysurprise. Thishasbeendoneseveraltimesduringthe lastfouryears,andalwaystheecstaticgirl hasbeenfoundtopresentthesame appearance,inthemidstofprofoundsolitude, assheiswonttopresentwhensurroundedby acrowdofeagerspectators.Aninteresting recordofonesuchvisitisgiventousby DoctorLefebvre.Ontheeleventhof February,1870,liefoundhimself,mostunexpectedly,intheneighborhoodofBois d'Ilaine;andrememberingthatitwas Friday,hethoughtoflookingintosee Louise.Thedoorwasopeneddirectlyhe knocked;andwithoutpausingintheouter room,wherehersisterswereatwork,he [gassedatonceintoherownlittlechamber. Andthisiswhathesaw,aslietellsushimself
"Itwasaquartertofouro'clock.The mostcompletesolitudereignedaroundthe Ecstatica.Shewasprostrateonthefloor, herarmsextendedintheformofacross, insensible,andperfectlyunconsciousofwhat waspassingaroundher.Thelinencloths whichbadenvelopedherbleedinglimbswere lyingthereIcountednineofthem.The bloodwhichhadtrickledfromherforehead, wasdriedup,andappearedintheformof fantasticarabesquesextendingdownupon hercheeks.Thelittlewhitecapthat coveredherheadwasstainedwithbrightred spots.formingasemicircle,whichcompleted thebleedingcoronetoftheforehead."
Animpostorwouldhardlyhavebeenso wellpreparedforavisitaltogetherunforeseen. Atallevents,betweentherecurrenceofsuch unexpectedvisits,andthescrutinyof solstice,andthepryingcuriosityofhe crowd,itisdifficulttobelievethatanunletteredpeasantgirlcouldhavecarriedonan elaborateandcomplicatedfraud,formore thanfouryears,withoutdetection.
Thosewhotirefamiliarwiththehistory andthedailylifeofLouisehaveneverentertaiue,iaganisther,eveufuramoment,the
Butfurther,itmaybeasked,what plausiblemotivetanbesuggestedforafraud involvingsomuchpainfortheimpostor, anddemandingsuchunceasingwatchfulness. Themotivesthatcommonlyimpeltofrauds ofthiskind,arevanityandcupidity,-the desireofnotoriety,andthedesireofmoney. Butnosuspicionofthesemotivescanto entertainedinthecasebeforeusfor Louiseshunsnotoriety,exceptinsofarasit isforceduponherbyhersuperiorsand moneyshewillnothave,exceptwhatel earnsbyherdailytoil.
Nodoabt,indeedyshehasattaineda certaindegreeofnotoriety:batithasnot beenofherseeking.WhentheStigmas firstappeared,theconcealedthemaslongas shecould,exceptfromherspiritualdirector, towhomshefeltboundtohaverecoursefoi guidanceandadvice.Afterwards;whenthe weeklyflowofbloodbecameawellknown fact,andvisitorswereattractedtothehouse, therefusedpersistentlytoshowherbleeding hands,untilshewasoomniandoktdelodoby, hersuperiors.Andnowdelateatalltrber familiarfriends,she the subjectofherStigmasmad less norinthedomesticcircle,:Ailrall.a wordspoken,duringtheellkooftheordivde thatprentarottnahet,M*C IMMIIte/I,S Friday. Ithasbeenalreadytoldhowivitinthe BishopofTournhytameto 'liood1 Fridayintheyear1869;salentaileda wishtobestowsomemarkoffavoronthe family,theyallbeggedofhim,withearnestness,toputanendtothevisitsbywhich theyweresotormentedanddisturbed.On asimilaroccasion,inthepreviousyear, Louiseherselfhadpressedthesamepetition ontheArchbishopofMechlin.Shehas exacted,too,fromhermotherandsisters,a solemnpromisethattheywillneverallow herpOrtraittobetakenathingwhichshe fearedmi Friday, whilst ltsinher Ecs _isfaithfully kept day.Thesesurelyare notbl! 1whohasdeviseda sys thepurposeofdrawing onhA 11theeyesoftheworld,andmaking herselfthetalkofsociety.
Oneincident;inparticular,attestedby DoctorLefebvre,maybecitedtoillustrate thisargument.Atatimewhencurious visitors,especiallyPhysicians,werestill admitted,withoutmuchdifficulty,tosee Louise,-inthemonthofJanuary,1869,hermother,weariedwiththeincessant throngofstrangersinherhouse,beggedto beallowe4arespiteofoneweek,atleast anditwasarrangedthat,onacertainFriday, thedoorshouldbeclosed,andnovisitors admitted.Itsohappenedthat,onthisvery day,thePrincessdeCroycametoseethe Ecstatica.Whenshepresentedherselfat thecottage,shewastoldshecouldnotenter. Shegavehername,andproducedlettersof recommendationbegging,atthesametime, withgreatearnestness,tobeadmitted.But itwasallnouse.Shewasrefusedwith courtesy,;nitwithinexorablefirmnessand hadtogoawaywithoutgettingevenone glanceatLouise.
familytolethimin,forafewminutes,ashe hadthownhimselfsopatient,andbesides, wasnowquitnalone.Theyconsented,and oneofthesisterswenttoopenthedoor. Tbe.young, ingemeantime,hadbeen think4ngw' bowbemightbest m.nsgetoplitsin,adanonAndhaving %kW.the400Flpeignihewouldtrythe ePrity=ff410404meaonstatthemoment, %towake4experimen soonerefore,ashesawthe i 'dooropen,Weer thadbeenopened licriftecteou&eatrni,Palzt4.;
Intotliii,Lahewastakenunawares,andlooked WildetVd.Batquicklyrecovering,she hitabackhisgold,andtellinghim thastinewarmth,thatnoonecouldenter thereTbrpidney,sheshutthe;lootinhis gee. OnegiaieconsideratIonyetremainstobe urgedagainstthehypothesisoffraud.Itis surelynotreasonabletoascribethesewonderfulphenomenatotheingenuityofapeasant girl,iftheycannotbeproducedevenbythe highestdegreeoftrainedandcultivated skill.Andyetthisisliterallytrue.Let ustakefirsttheStigmasonly.Ifnot genuine,theymustbecausedbyinstruments ormedicalappliancesofsomekind.Butno suchinstrumentsorappliancesareknownto exist.Itissimplyafact,thatthemost skilfulandexperiencedsurgeons,withallthe resourcesofmedicalscienceattheircommand, areabsolutelyincapableofproducing,onthe humanbody,thoseappearanceswhichare witnessedeveryweekinthepersonofLouise Lateau.Arewetobelieve,then,thatthe untutoredvillagegirl,slavingherwholelife long,atmenialdrudgery,hasherselfinventedafraud,whichallthescienceofthe worldcanneitherimitatenordetect?
below,thespacebatmenbeingfilledwitha wateryliquid.Thepointsofdifresenee,on theotherhand,arenumerousandimportent., (I)Thevesicleofablisterlaalways surroundedbyaninflamedring,,called.en. areola.Thisiswantinginthevesicleofthe, Stigmas.(2)Wheneverthevadele.ota, blisterisrentopen,thoughtheunderskis islaidbare,thereisnotowofblood.In. theStigmas,bleedingatoncebegins,when thevesicleopens.(a)Ifbleedinghearti ficiallyproduced,intheformerCM!,asit may,byfriction,itstopsassoonsrtine frictionceases.IntheStigmas,theflowof bloodcontinuesforagoodpertoftheday, sometimesforfourandtwentybournata time. Stillitmightperhapsbeargued,that thereispossiblysomethinginthepeculiar temperamentofLouise,whichsomodifies theactionofavesicantastoproducethose extraordinaryeffectsthatareseeninthe Stigmas.Thissupposition,groundlessand extravagantasitwouldbe,DoctorLefebvre hastakenthepainstorefutebeforehandby thetestofactualexperiment.Heproduced ablisterbyartificialmeans,sidebyaidewith oneoftheStigmasandwhiletheStigma bledprofuselynotadropofbloodflowed fromtheblister.
AnunexpectedeventhadbroughtDoctor Lefebvre,thatsameday,toalocalitynot farfromBoisd'Haine."Ithadbeenwell understood,"hesays,"thatIwasnotto presentmyselfonthisFriday,nomorethan therest.Buttheopportunitywasagood one,andmycuriositywasexcitedbythe reflection,thatasnoonewastobereceived, IshouldtakeLouiseabsolutelybysurprise. Iwent,therefore,tothehouse,andarrived justanhourafterthePrincessdeCroyhad left.Thedoor,whichwasneverclosedto me,wasopenedwithouthesitation.And hereiswhatIdiscovered.Notonlyhadthe accustomedphenomenabeendevelopedin solitude,justaswellasinthepresenceofa crowd,-theEcstasyinallitsintensity,the Stigmasbleedingcopiously,-butanextraordinaryfactpresenteditself,whichIhad neverseenbeforewhich,intruth,appeared nowonlyforthesecondtime,andwhichfew personshadseenonitsfirstappearance.I meanthebleedingcoronetaroundtheforehead."
ButtheStigmasareonlyonepartofthe wonder.Theimpossibilityoffraudisnot lessevident,whenwecometoconsiderthe Ecstasy.Personsgiftedwithacertain dramaticpowerare,nodoubt,abletofeign unconsciousness,andtoassumeanairof completeabstraction.Butthispretence wouldverysoongivewaybeforethesevere andpainfulteststhathavebeenappliedto Louise.Doesanyonebelieveitpossiblefor anactor,howeverskilledinhisart,tocontinue pretendinginsensibility,andnevershrinkor move,whilehishandsandfacearepunctured withaneedle,hisskinperforated,hisflesh cutopen,hismusclesconvulsedbytheaction ofpowerfulelectriccurrents? Andifwe donotbelievethispossibleforastrongman, andatrainedactor,howcanwebelieveit possibleforasimplepeasantgirl? Finally,itmustherememberedthatwe havetoaccountforthetwophenomena,not sepatately,hutconjointly.Besidesthe extremedifficultyofproducingeach, consideredinitself,thereisaveryspecial difficultyinbringingthemontogether,and maintainingthemtogetherforseveralhours atatime.For,iftheyberegardedasthe resultofart,itisplaintheyare,inacertain sense,contradictory.Tokeepupaconstant flowofblood,itmustbenecessarytoemploy, fromtimetotime,somecontrivanceorother, whateveritmaybewhereas,fortheEcstasy itisnecessarytoremain,allthetime,apparentlyunconsciousand,forthemostpart, motionless.
§2.-SPECIALTESTS.
WhentheStigmasofLouisearecarefully examined,bythelightofmedicalscience,it isatonceapparentthattheyarenotthe workofinstrumentsintheordinarysenseof theword.Forinstrumentsactbycutting orpiercingandthereisneithercutnor punctureintheStigmasofLouise,butonly ablister.Somewritersl.avesuggesteda cuppingglass,asaffordingapossibleexplanation.Andacuppingglasswillnotproduce aflowofblood,withouttheaidofaninstrumenttomakeanincision.Besides,when thecuppingglassiswithdrawn,theflowof bloodwillcease.
Onthisincidentwemaywellargue,as doesDoctorLefebvre,thatpeopledonotget upacomedyforbarewalls.Ifthewhole scenehadbeensimplyapieceofacting, wouldtheactorshaveturnedawayspectators fromthedoor?Woulditnotratherhave beenhailedasararepieceofgoodfortune, thatjusta:theopportunemoment,whenthe newfeatureofableedingcoronethadbeen addedtotheexhibition,aPrincessshould arrive,eagertowitnessthewonderfuldisplay,andsuretocarrybackthestoryinto thegreatworldinwhichshelived? Asforthemotiveofcupidity,itmaybe disposedofinafewwords.Louiseandher familywerepoorbeforetheStigmasandthe Ecstasyappearedandpoortheyhaveever sinceremained.Theyusedtoearntheir bread,inoldtimes,bytheworkoftheir handsandtheydosostill.Ifanyonehas offeredthemmoney,ithasbeenalways peremptorilyrefused.Butfewhave venturedtodoit.Visitorsaretoodeeply impressedwiththeloftyspiritandtherefinedtonethatpervadethemodestcottage atBoisd'Haineandtheyfeelinstinctively thatnobasedesireofgaincanfindaplace withinitshumblewalls. Ifmoneyhadbeentheobjectinview,itis plainthatmoneycouldeasilyhavebeen gatheredinabundance,fromtheconstant streamofrichandnoblevisitorswho,during thelastfouryears,haveeagerlysought accesstotheEcstatica.Yetthoughmany hundredshavesucceeded,andmanyhundreds, too,havefailed,itdoesnotappearthat moneywasinanycaseahelp,orthewantof itahindrance.Oneyoungman,who essayedthepowerofmoney,andfoundita hindranceratherthanahelp,hashimself Old,withgreatsimplicity,thestoryofhis failure.Itwillservetoillustratethe characteroftheLateaufamily,asregardsthe questionofcupidity: ThisyoungmancamefromChitelet,not farfromCharleroi,forthepurposeofseeing Louise.Havingfailedtogetin,whenhe firstpresentedhimselfattheMOO,heremained%%heneighborhoodallday,hoping tofindamorefavorableopportunityforattainingtheobjectofhiswishes.Towards evening,somefriendsinsidebeggedofthe
ThisexperimentwssmadeonthetwentyseventhofNovember,1868,inthepresence oftwodistinguishedmembersofthemedical profession,DoctorLecrinierofFayt,and DoctorSeverinofBraine.Whileallthe Stigmaswerebleedingcopiously,Doctor Lefebvreappliedliquidammonia,avery powerfulvesicant,tothebackoftheleft hand,overaspaceequalinsizetothestigmaticmark,andclosebesideittakingcare, however,toleaveaclearbandofsoundskin between.Attheendoftwelveminutes,a welldevelopedblisterappeared,filledwitha colourlessliquidanditmaybeobservedin passing,that,thoughtheprocesswould,in ordinarycircumstances,havebeenintensly painful,theestaticgirlneverexhibitedthe slightesttraceofsensation.
Theblister,thusformed,showedno tendencytoburstopenofitselfsoDoctor Lefebvre,afterwaitingsometimeinvain, cutitopen.andremovedthefragmentsof theepld,rmis,leavingthetrueskinbare. AnartificialStigmawasthusproducedbesidetherealonesituatedonthesame tissues,coveringthesameextentofsurface, andexhibitingthesameanatomicalcharacter. Buttherewasthisessentialdifferencethe genuineStigmasled,theartificialonedid not.DoctorLefebvrewatchedthemclosely fortwohoursanda-half.Duringthewhole ofthattime.thegenuineStigmacontinued tobleedfreely.TheartificialStigma,onthe otherhand,gaveoutonlyacolourlessliquid, whichceasedtoflowattheendofhalfan hour;andthentheskindriedup. Afterthis,DoctorLefebvre,withaview toforcethebloodbyfriction,rubbedi; coarselinenclothovertherawsurfaceof theblisteredskin.Thecloth,duringthe process,wasslightlystainedwithbloodbut whenthefrictionceased,thebloodrefused toflow.Fromthisexperiment,then,itseems plain,thatablisterproducedbyartificial meansonthehandofLouise,isablisterand nothingmoreandthoughitresemblesone particularphaseinthedevelopmentofthe bleedingStigmas,itoffersnoparalleltotheir moststrikingandcharacteristicfeatures.
Othersagain,havetalkedofcautery,that is,theapplicationof.ahotiron,orofsome corrosivesubstance.Buttheeffectof cauteryhasnoresemblancetotheappearancespresentedbytheStigmas.Bycautery thesubstanceoftheskiniscorroded,anda drycrust,oreschar,isnamed,whichafter somedaysfallsoff.InthecaseofLouise, theskinisnotcorroded,andnoacheris formed.Moreover,thereisnoflowofblood producedbycauteryorifalittleblood sometimescomes,whentheescharfallsoff, itissuretoceaseinafewminutes.Lastly, bytheapplicationofcauterytothesame partsofthehandsandfeetandside,week afterweek,forfouryears,thenatural structureoftheskin,intheseparts,would havebeenutterlydestroyedwhereas,inthe StigmasofLouise,thestructureoftheskin remainsunchanged.Thesevarioussuppositionsithasbeen necessarytomention,onlyinordertoset themaside.Butthereisanothertheory, deservingofmoreextendednotice,which ascribestheStigmasofLouisetotheaction ofavesicant,orblisteringapplication.Itis quitetruethattheeffectsofavesicantbear sonicresemblancetotheappearancespresentedbythestigmaticmarks.Doctor Lefebvrehas,therefore,devotedparticular attentiontothisbranchofthequestion.He hasinstitutedacarefulcomparisonbetween thetwosetsofphenomena,andhehasshown veryclearly,notonlyfromthegeneral principlesofhisart,tutfromactualexperimentonthepersonofLouise,thatthe Stigmas,inhercaseatleast,arenotthe workofavesicant. Firstofall,itmustberememberedthat theresemblancebetweentheappearanceofa blisterandtheappearanceoftheStigmasis confinedtoonepointonly.Inbothcasesa vesicleisformedbytheseparationofthe surfaceskin,orepidermis,fromthetrueskin
Atseveno'clock,onthefollowingFriday morning,adistinguishedpartymettogether intheroomoftheEcstatica.First,there wasDoctorLefebvreandMonseigneur Ponceau,Vicar-GeneralofTourneynext, thethreepersonsnamedabove,whohad takenpartinfasteningontheglovesand lastly,twootherPhysiciansofsomenote, DoctorMonlaertofBruges,andDoctor MusselyofDeynze.Everyonepresentex,aminedtheapparatusoneachhand,andexpressedhisconvictionthatthesealswere intactandfurther,thatitwasimpossible toinsertanyinstrumentbetweeneitherglove andthehanditcovered.
Whenthisinvestigationwasover,Doctor Lefebvrecutthecords,andtookoffthe gloves.Theywerefullofblood.With sometepidwatertheDoctorswashedthe handsclean,andfoundthemtopresentexactlythesameappearanceastheywerewont todoenFridays.Theepidermishadbeen raisedandburstopentheunderskinwas laidbareandbloodwasflowingcopiously.
Astillmoredecisivetest,perhaps,because itholdsgood,notagainstoneformoffraud only,butagainsteverypossibleform,isthat knownastheexperimentoftheglovesThis testwassuggested.atanearlyperiodinthe historyoftheease,byMonseigneurPonceau, Vicar-GeneralofthedioceseofTourney. Butwhenthesimple-heartedMotherofLouise heardofit,shewasveryindignant,andgave venttoherfeelingswithawarmth,which, ifitcannotbealtogetherdefended,maywell beexcused."Dotheytakemeandmy daughtersforimpostors!"shesays."They think,perhaps,itiswethataremaking Louisebleed.DidIeveraskanyoneto cometoseehertIaskonlyonething,and thatis,thattheywillleaveusalone,and thatnooneshalleverputafootintomy houseonaFridayagain." Louise,onherpart,offerelnoobjection totheexperiment;as,indeed,shenever did,toanytestthatwasproposed.Sheonly beggedthattheywouldnotannoyher mother.Itwasagreed,therefore,tomake theexperimentatsometimewhenthe absenceofthemotherwouldaffordafavorableopportunity.Suchanopportunity occuredtowardsthecloseoftheyear1868.
OnTuesday,thesixteenthofDecember, thehandsofLouise,havingbeenfirstcarefullyexamined,andfoundintheirordinary condition,awell-fittingleatherglovewas placedoneach,fastenedtightlyroundthe wrists,andsealed.Asimilarcoveringwas drawnovertheleftfoot,andfastenedinthe sameway.Thenextday,Wednesday,these contrivanceswereexaminedbyDoctor Lecrinier,MonsieurDupontofFayt,andthe' schoolmasterofBoisd'Haine,whosatisfied themselvesthatthesealswereintact,and that,withoutbreakingthem,therewasno accesstothestigmaticmarks.Foradditional security,theyzemovedtheglovefromone hand,sadhavingascertainedthattheakin showednosyteptopeof indiation,,iiosign ofA,blieter,theyreplaceedditwiththe'same Ine9410444before.
WhenPridaylosene,greetmirewastaken, inthefirstlastance,tomake:surethatthe sealshad'notbeentampeyedwith.Then DoctorSpiltoirofMarchienae,inpresence ofeightwitnesses,someofwhomwere Doctors,tookoffthetwogloves.TheStigmas werebleedingprofuselyonthepalmsofboth handsthoseonthebackswerenotyet bleeding,butblisterswerefullydeveloped, andreadytobreak.Astothefeet,though onehadbeenleftfree,andthebtherhad thewcowered,bosh'mereloadinexactly :thesensestate.No111004 flowingbat blisters.badbeen,formed,Allbothtand, ;OWalittle,bothcommeneedtobleed. TWAexperimentofthe-gloveswasmadea iseond:time,earl,'Inthefollowingyear. 10n:Wednesday,thethirdofFebruary,at fearo'clockintheafternoon,Doctor AcorinierMonsieurHeadBassin,andthe Cure,ofBoled'Haine,wenttothehowof Louise.Theybroughtwiththema.pairof leathergloves,thickandstrong.Afterthey hadmadeaclosescrutinyofbothhands,and :foundthemquitefreefromanyappearance ofblisterorinflammation,theygotLouise toputonthegloves,whichfittedvery closely.Eachglovewasthenfastenedin thefollowingmanner:astring,attachedto theglove,waspassedfivetimesroundthe wrist,andtiedinablackknottheprojectingendsofthestringweresealedandthe sealswereenvelopedinasmalllinenbag,to protectthemagainstaccident.Theextremitiesofthethumbandfirstfingerofthe righthandglovehadbeencutoffbeforehand,thatLouisemightbeabletogoon withherordinarywork.
Tosumuptheargumentinafewwords. TheStigmasand.theEcstasyofLouise Lateauarenottheworkoffraud: First, becauseanyattempttoproducethemby fraudwouldhavebeendetected,longago,if notbytheeagercuriosityofthecrowd,at leastbytheseverescrutinyofscientificmen. Secondly,becausethegirlhadnomotive whichcouldinducehertodeviseandcarry onsodifficultandsopainfulafraudnot vanity,forshelovessolitudeandobscurity; notcupidity,forshespurnsmoney.Thirdly, thesephenomenaarenottheworkoffraud, becausenohumaningenuity,sofaraswe know,isabletoproducethem.Thebleeding StigmasofLouisecannotheimitatedbythe mostskilfulsurgeontheecstaticinsensibilityofLouisecannotbesimulatedbythe mosttrainedactor.Itcanhardlybemaintained,then,thattheoneandtheotherare bothproducedsimultaneously,inherown person,bytheuntutoredingenuityofa peasantgirl. Besidesthesegeneralconsiderations,we havespecialexperimentsdevisedforthe expresspurposeofdetectingfraud,ifitexisted.First,thereistheexperimentofthe vesicant,orblisteringpreparation.Avesicantistheonlyappliance,knowninsurgery ormedicine,capableofproducing,effectsat allresemblingtheStigmasofLouise.Yet avesicanthasbeentriedonthebackofher hand,underthemostfavourablecircumstances,andhascompletelyfaileditproducedsimplyablisterandnotableeding Stigma.Next,thereistheexperimentof thegloves.ThehandsofLouisewerecompletelycoveredup,fortwoorthreedays,so astoshutoutthepossibilityofapplyingany artficialmeanswhatever,forthepurposeof drawingblood.Andyet,whenFridaycame, thebloodflowedasusual.Itisplain,then, thatthephenomenawitnessedinLouiseare nottheresultofartifice,butarerealand genuinewonders. Ifgenuine,theyarecertainlysupernatural. Nodoubt,somepeople,whodonotbelieve anythingtobesupernatural,havetriedto persuadethemselves,andothers,thatthey areadisease,likemeaslesorscarletinawith thisdifferenceonly,thatthediseaseof LouiseLateauisoneofratherrareoccurrencehersbeing,infact,thefirstcaseof thekindwhichhasbeenthoroughlyinvestigatedbymedicalmen,andenteredonthe recordsofscience.DoctorLefebvrehas takenavastamountoftroubletorefutethis hypothesis.Hehasgoneoveralonglistof diseases,-commondiseases,andextraordinarydiseases,andwhatarecalledrarecases ofdisease,-andhehasshown,withgreat learningandelaboratecare,thatthereisnot thesmallestfoundationinmedicalscience forthesuppositionthatthesephenomena are,inanytruesenseoftheword,adisease. ThisargumentIdonotpurposetodiscuss partlybecauseIdonotpossesssufficient knowledgeofthevariousdiseesesenurnerated byDoctorLefebvre,andpartlybecauseI considertheargumentunnecessary.There areveryfew,Ibelieve,whowhileadmitting thephenomenaterbergennine,willyetmaintainthat'theyarenatural.IfIhave succeededinshowingthatthere,isno posture,Iamquitecontenttoleave,the questionofdiseiteetotheinstinctivejudgmentandgoodtenseofmyreaders.
Tobecontinued.