WALKING IN KUALA LUMPUR Ar. Lillian Tay VERITAS Design Group Citynet Infrastructure Cluster Meeting 24-26 July 2018 KLRTC XXX11 2018 Sustainable Urban Transportation for the New Urban Agenda
City generates wealth. The density creates exchanges of ideas, cultures and drives innovation.
75% of Malaysians live in cities1
17%
62%
of Greater KL residents use of Singaporeans use Public Transportation1 Public Transportation1
70% of Seoul residents use Public Transportation1
250 million hours time spent on the road every year by Greater KL residents1
1 2 3
Malaysia Economic Monitor June 2015 Transforming Urban Transport (2015) by the World Bank Nielsen Global Survey of Automotive Demand (2013) by Nielsen Holdings Department of Statistics Malaysia (2014)
Up to 2.2% of GDP (RM24.7bil) Of economic losses due to traffic congestion1
3rd highest in the world for percentage of car ownership per 1,000 people2
Road accident is
2nd top cause of death for Malaysians between 16-65 years old3
1 2 3
Malaysia Economic Monitor June 2015 Transforming Urban Transport (2015) by the World Bank Nielsen Global Survey of Automotive Demand (2013) by Nielsen Holdings Department of Statistics Malaysia (2014)
Seoul 70% 1
KL 17%
Source: Malaysia Economic Monitor June 2015 Transforming Urban Transport (2015) by the World Bank
1
Source: Malaysia Economic Monitor June 2015 Transforming Urban Transport (2015) by the World Bank
Commuting populaiton Seoul vs London vs KL
Space Required To Transport 60 People
Guiding principles
2 Integrated view of the pedestrian realm
Public Transport System
Repopulating cities
The Last Quarter Mile
Landscape and setback regulations
Challenges & Successes in KL
KL has successfully created a vast network of sidewalks but it often has many physical obstructions.
Medan Pasar is a successful catalyst to create pedestrian environment
• Traffic calming strategy and pedestrianization of the old plaza • Active shop frontages surround the plaza • New trees provide shade • Existing 5 foot walkways are now enhanced
A seamless pedestrian network is already being planned by the City Hall.
However, regulatory challenges require political will and a cultural shift.
1 2 3
No City
Car park required for residential
1 2
Selangor
1 unit : 2 CP1
Seoul Kuala Lumpur Singapore Beijing Barcelona Hong Kong Central London (2-bed)
1 unit : 1.44 CP 1 unit : 1.35 CP2 1 unit : 1.30 CP2 1 unit : 0.52 CP2 1 unit : 0.25 CP3 1 unit : 0.24 CP2 1 unit : less than 1 CP4
3 4 5 6 7 8
Manual Garis Panduan Dan Piawaian Perancangan Negeri Selangor (Edisi Kedua) (2011) by Selangor State Government Parking Policy in Asian Cities (2011) by Asian Development Bank Europe’s Parking U-Turn: From Accommodation to Regulation (2011) by ITDP
Perimeter Fencing •Wall fences built by owners disintegrate pedestrian links
2-metre perimeter planting rule • Not enough big shady trees •Does not add to the pedestrian sidewalk
Frontage • Frontage is too far from sidewalk • Needs stronger regulation to ensure active frontage and prevent blank walls Ingress/Egress • Disrupts pedestrian sidewalk
Car park space is a big part of the gross floor area of housing projects. 460 sqft 816 sqft
36% 64%
30-40% of cost of housing is due to required car park space in KL’s city centre.
460 sqft
X RM146/sqft = RM 67,160
816 sqft
X RM197/sqft = RM 160,752
Cities around the world
Orchard Road, Singapore
Pedestrian:
52%
Public Transport: 8% Private:
34%
Green:
6%
Orchard Road, Singapore
16.25m
Des Voeux Road, Hong Kong
Pedestrian:
16%
Public Transport: 51% Private:
33%
Green:
0%
16.25m
Compact multimodal connections
Des Voeux Road, Hong Kong
San Fernando Road, Seville
Pedestrian:
47%
Public Transport: 31% Private:
16%
Green:
6%
San Fernando Road, Seville
19.50 m
Jalan Ampang, KL
Pedestrian:
31%
Public Transport: 6% Private:
53%
Green:
10%
Jalan Ampang, KL
23.95 m
Jalan Pinang, KL
Pedestrian:
6%
Public Transport: 19% Private:
59%
Green:
16%
Jalan Pinang, KL
9.75 m
Moving forward
2 Integrated view of the pedestrian realm
Public Transport System
Repopulating cities
The Last Quarter Mile
Landscape and setback regulations
Walkability factors • Imageability People, Courtyards/plaza, Buildings with identifiers
• Enclosure Proportion street wall : sidewalk, Long sight lines
• Complexity Public art, Diverse spontaneity
• Housing Dwellings are woven into the street
2-metre perimeter
Perimeter Fencing blocks
planting rule
crossing
Disengaged
Status quo
Frontage
Disruptive Ingress/Egress
Fencing is selectively removed
Continuous pedestrian
to combine with neighbouring
surface
perimeter greenery X
Wider pedestrian sidewalk (+ 1 metre)
New framework Building faรงade closer to the sidewalk and regulated Thinner perimeter planting at the front (1 metre only)
to ensure active frontage
Status quo: disrupted pedestrian links and barriers across blocks
New framework
New framework
Contiguous sidewalk
Cross-blo ck
Cross-blocks make the urban grain more permeable, making pedestrian journeys shorter. But it needs to connect to major pedestrian spines and linked to active frontage and visual delight.
Cultural mapping is one way to create good streets • Can be a method to create Active Frontages on the street • Much more meaningful to the people living in the area, as it relies on local history and cultural memory
1
Source: My Balik Pulau: cultural mapping by Arts-Ed, Penang
Street art gives identity and improves pedestrian experience dramatically
Service gap in transit system
MRT 2
LRT Ampang Line
LRT KJ Line
KTMB
MONORAIL
Bukit Nanas
hu
ja C n Ra
1.6 lan (
Jala
Service gap in transit system
km)
Bukit Ceylon
MRT 1
MRT 2
LRT Ampang Line
LRT KJ Line
KTMB
MONORAIL
Bukit Nanas
hu
ja C n Ra
1.6 lan (
Jala
Service gap in transit system
km)
Bukit Ceylon
MRT 1
BARCELONA
Applying some of the principles into KL
Pedestrian Superblock
Saloma Bridge Proposal
Kampung Baru
H
E KL
A
KLCC
Thank you