Advanced Research Journals of Science and Technology
ADVANCED RESEARCH JOURNALS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(ARJST)
OPTIMIZATION OF TWO WHEELER EXHAUST MANIFOLD
2349-9027
Keyoung Jin Chun1, Jae Soo Hong 2, 1 Research Scholar, Department of Thermal Engineering,University and Research and Technology,Netherland,Europe. 2 Professor , Department of Thermal Engineering, University and Research and Technology,Netherland,Europe.
Abstract The exhaust manifold has to withstand the pressure of exhaust gases and amount of heat generated in the engine. A parametric model of exhaust manifold has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior. The parametric model is created in 3D modeling software Pro/Engineer. Present used materials for exhaust manifold are cast iron or stainless steel. Transient thermal analysis is done on the exhaust manifold to determine variation temperature distribution over time. The analysis is to be done using Stainless Steel and Cast iron which are present used materials. And also we are doing analysis using Ceramic. Since ceramic has high heat resistance. We compare the results to verify the best material for exhaust manifold. Transient thermal analysis determines temperatures and other thermal quantities that vary over time. The variation of temperature distribution over time is of interest in many applications such as with cooling. The accurate thermal simulation could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved life.
Motorcycles *Corresponding Author: Keyoung Jin Chun, Research Scholar, Department of Thermal Engineering, University and Research and Technology,Netherland,Europe. Published: September 10, 2014 Review Type: peer reviewed Volume: I, Issue : I Citation: Keyoung Jin Chun,Research Scholar (2014) OPTIMIZATION OF TWO WHEELER EXHAUST MANIFOLD
INTRODUCTION TO EXHAUST MANIFOLD An exhaust pipe must be carefully designed to carry toxic and/or noxious gases away from the users of the machine. Indoor generators and furnaces can quickly fill an enclosed space with carbon monoxide or other poisonous exhaust gases if they are not properly vented to the outdoors. Also, the gases from most types of machine are very hot; the pipe must be heat-resistant, and it must not pass through or near anything which can burn or can be damaged by heat. A chimney serves as an exhaust pipe in a stationary structure. For the internal combustion engine it is important to have the Exhaust System "Tuned" (refer to tuned pipe) for optimal efficiency. Also this should meet the regulation norms maintained in each country.InEuropeon countries, EURO 5, India BS-4 etc.,
Ducati muffler In most motorcycles all or most of the exhaust system is visible and may be chrome plated as a display feature. Aftermarket exhausts may be made from steel, aluminium, titanium, or carbon fiber. Motorcycle exhausts come in many varieties depending on the type of engine and its intended use. A twin cylinder may flow its exhaust into separate exhaust sections, such as seen in the Kawasaki EX250 (also known as the Ninja 250 in the US, or the GPX 250). Or, they may flow into a single exhaust section known as a two-into-one (21). Larger engines that come with 4 cylinders, such as Japanese supersport or superbikes (such the Kawasaki ZX series, Honda's CBR series, Yamaha's YZF series, also known as R6 and R1, and Suzuki's GSX-R series) often come with a twin exhaust system. A "full system" may be bought as an aftermarket accessory, also called a 4-2-1 or 4-1, depending on its layout. In the past, these bikes would come standard with a single exhaust, as seen on the Kawasaki ZX-6R 2000 and 2001 models. However, EU noise and pollution regulations have generally stopped this practice, forcing companies to use other methods to increase performance of the motorcycle. This has often led to a decrease in fuel economy, because of increased weight of the exhaust system and manufacturers forcing more fuel into the engine to gain extra power.
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Advanced Research Journals of Science and Technology
Types
Transient thermal analysis stain steel:
There are three major types of motorcycle: street, off-road, and dual purpose. Within these types, there are many different sub-types of motorcycles for many different purposes.
Imported model
Street bikes include cruisers, sportbikes, scooters and mopeds, and many other types. Off-road motorcycles include many types designed for dirt-oriented racing classes such as motocross and are not street legal in most areas. Dual purpose machines like the dual-sport style are made to go off-road but include features to make them legal and comfortable on the street as well. Each configuration offers either specialised advantage or broad capability, and each design creates a different riding posture. INTRODUCTION TO CAD Computer-aided design (CAD), also known as computer-aided design and drafting (CADD), is the use of computer technology for the process of design and designdocumentation. Computer Aided Drafting describes the process of drafting with a computer. CADD software, or environments, provide the user with input-tools for the purpose of streamlining design processes; drafting, documentation, and manufacturing processes. CADD output is often in the form of electronic files for print or machining operations. The development of CADD-based software is in direct correlation with the processes it seeks to economize; industry-based software (construction, manufacturing, etc.) typically uses vector-based (linear) environments whereas graphic-based software utilizes rasterbased (pixelated) environments.
Thermal Gradient
MODELING OF EHAUST MANIFOLD
Nodal Temperature
CAST IRON TIME DURATION
NODAL TEMPERATURE
THERMAL GRADIENT
THERMAL FLUX
1 Hr.
460
192.606
9.05247
2 Hrs.
460
190.417
8.9496
3 Hrs.
460
188.228
8.84673
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Advanced Research Journals of Science and Technology
STAINLESS STEEL TIME DURATION
NODAL TEMPERATURE
THERMAL GRADIENT
THERMAL FLUX
1 Hr.
460
146.672
2.35245
2 Hrs.
460
145.005
3.97158
3 Hrs.
460
143.338
3.92593
CONCLUSION In the turning sections (near to the discharge valve) of manifold cavitations due to repeated thermal direct effect on turning wall. In this project we have done the optimization of exhaust manifold to increase the lifetime by the application heat barrier coating (partially stabilized zirconium) at the heat effected areas. Initially we gathered the data about manifold, working conditions and materials. The modeling was done using reverse engineering technique; data was collected from pulsar 150cc. In the next stage we have done the modeling of manifold using pro/engineer. Then we have validated thermal behavior for the three hours of time with three intervals of hour in ansys using transient thermal analysis with present materials. Then we have done the analysis on cast iron with zirconium coating at corner walls in that analysis we got best results while comparing previous model. We conclude that cast iron with zirconium coating is best by applying coating we can increase the life due to it’s thermal behavior.
4. Delprete, C., Rosso, C., “Exhaust Manifold ThermoStructural Simulation Methodology”, SAE Paper No. 2005-01-1076. 5. Watanabe, Y., Shiratani, K., Iwanaga, S., Nishino, K., “Thermal Fatigue Life Prediction for Stainless Steel Exhaust Manifold”, SAE Paper No. 980841. 6. Choi, B.L., Chang, H., Park, K.H., “Low Cycle Thermal Fatigue of the Engine Exhaust Manifold”, International Journal of Automotive Technology, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 297302 (2004) 7. Hazime, R. M., Dropps, S. H., Anderson, D. H., and Ali, M. Y., “Transient Non-linear FEA and TMF Life Estimates of Cast Exhaust Manifolds”, SAE Paper No. 200301-0918. 8. Santacreu, P. O., Cleizergues, O., Simon, C., and Duroux, P., “Design of Stainless Steel Automotive Exhaust Manifolds”, JSAE Paper No. 20037127, SAE Paper No. 2003-01-2848 AUTHOR Keyoung Jin Chun Research Scholar, Department of Thermal Engineering, University and Research and Technology, Netherland,Europe.
Jae Soo Hong, Professor , Department of Thermal Engineering, University and Research and Technology, Netherland,Europe.
References 1. Neu, R. W. and Sehitoglu, H., “Thermomechanical Fatigue, Oxidation, and Creep: Part II. Life Prediction”, Metallurgical Transactions, 1989, 20A, 1769-1781. 2. Nippon Steel catalogue “Automobile Materials”, 2000, p.9 3. Mamiya, N., Masuda, T., Noda, Y., “Thermal Fatigue Life of Exhaust Manifolds Predicted by Simulation”, SAE Paper No. 2002-01-0854.
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