ZOOTOPIA: RETHINKING THE NANDANKANAN ZOOLOGICAL PARK, BHUBANESWAR B. Arch Thesis Report submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Architecture by
Arnab Sadhukhan [ 15547343611 ]
Under the guidance of Ar. Parthiba Chakraborty
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING
KALINGA INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY (KIIT) (declared as deemed-to-be-University u/s 3 of the UGC Act, 1956) Krishna Campus (Campus - 7),AT/PO: KIIT UNIVERSITY, BHUBANESWAR-751024, Odisha, India Website: www.kiit.ac.in, Email: ksap.training@kiit.ac.in
DECLARATION BY STUDENT I certify that a. The work contained in this report has been done by me under the guidance of my Guide. b. The work has not been submitted to any other Institute for any degree or diploma. c. I have conformed to the norms and guidelines given in the Ethical Code of Conduct of the Institute. d. Whenever I have used materials (data, theoretical analysis, figures, and text) from other sources, I have given due credit to them by citing them in the text of the thesis and giving their details in the references. Further, I have taken permission from the copyright owners of the sources, whenever necessary.
Date: 06.06.2020
Signature of the Student Arnab Sadhukhan
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING KIIT UNIVERSITY , BHUBANESWAR
CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project report entitled Zootopia:Rethinking the NandanKanan Zoological Park, submitted by Arnab Sadhukhan to the School of Architecture and Planning, KIIT University is a record of bonafide project work carried out by her/him under my guidance.
Ar. Parthiba Chakraborty Thesis Guide
Ar. Sudha Panda Thesis Coordinator
Prof. Soumyendu Shankar Ray Director, KSAP
External Examiner
External Examiner
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work would not have been possible without the support of my college, KIIT School of Architecture and Planning and all of the members. I am especially indebted to Ar. Parthiba Chakraborty,my thesis design and research guide who have been supportive of my design ideas and goals and who worked actively to provide me with the protected academic time to pursue those goals. I am deeply thankful of her inputs in my design and her guidance through the entire research process. I am grateful to all of those with whom I have had the pleasure to work during this and other related projects. Each of the members of faculty of the School of Architecture and Planning, KIIT University has provided me extensive personal and professional guidance and taught me a great deal about both qualitative and quantitative research, design process and life in general. I would especially like to thank Ar. Soumyendu Shankar Ray, the Director of KIIT School of Architecture & Planning without whose valuable inputs and immense efforts, the project would have not reached to its current status. As my teacher and mentor, he has taught me more than I could ever give him credit for here. Nobody has been more important to me in the pursuit of this project than the members of my family. I would like to thank my parents, whose love and guidance are with me in whatever I pursue. They are the ultimate role models. I would also like to thank all the participants in the questionnaire survey who took their time out of their busy lives to take part in my research.
Date: 06.06.2020
Signature of the Student Arnab Sadhukhan
ABSTRACT The love for wildlife can be traced back to the zoo. People get connected to the animals because of zoo. A child, when sees an animal in front of him, a feeling empathy is developed, he feels more connected to the animal and thus grows to care of their well-being, their natural habitats, homes and thus tries to save the environment. Zoos are necessary to connect urban people to the beauty of nature and wildlife and thus motivate them to protect and preserve it. A visit to the is one of the most fascinating memories as a child. Critics and press call zoos, a ‘prison’ for animals. Historically, the wild was preserved and untapped but in modern times, the forests are diminishing, the oceans and lakes are being polluted, the animals hunted and killed. The only was to ensure the protection of these wild animals is to keep them in a protected environment. The Nandan Kanan zoological park is an existing zoo in Bhubaneswar. The topic chosen is of hypothetical nature but the site considered is the real live site for the zoo. The existing zoo, next to the Kanjia Lake is considered as a fresh land without any built structures for this project. The design envisions the animals in their natural habitat which is to be research on, recreated, the animal behaviour is to be studied, also the safety guidelines must be followed. The project intends to elevate or face-lift the zoo up to modern standards. The zoo design is dated and the aesthetics are not appealing enough in today’s world where there are world-class zoos. Bhubaneswar, which receives a lot of local, national and international tourists throughout the year can visit the zoo if the standards are lifted and will become one of the major attractions. Even though the zoo has varied inventory, the zoo lacks good aesthetics, entertainment facilities, educating the spectators, etc. Moreover, the current zoo creates a lot problems and issues in terms of traffic, parking, crowd management and animal welfare. The idea is to design a zoo which keeps in mind the animal welfare, guest services, knowledge providing aspect, and would also like to draw a more personal and memorable experience for the visitors.
CONTENTS Title Page
i
Declaration by Student
ii
Certificate
iii
Acknowledgement
iv
Abstract
‌
Contents
‌
Chapter1
Introduction
1
1.1 History of Zoological Parks 1.2 Objectives 1.3 Vision 1.4 Methodology 1.5 Scope 1.6 Design Methodology Chapter2
Research & Analysis
4
2.1 Case Studies
4
2.1.1 The existing Nandan Kanan zoological park 2.1.2. Alipore Zoo, Kolkata
Chapter3
2.2 Precedence Study
20
2.3 Literature Studies
22
2.4 Inference and Inventory Analysis
32
2.5 Questionnaire Survey
39
Site Study & Analysis
40
3.1 Zoning & Land-use 3.2 Macro site Analysis 3.3 Micro site analysis 3.4 Climate 3.5 S.W.O.T. Analysis
Chapter4
Design Development
45
4.1 Concepts 4.2 Zoning 4.3 Site Plan 4.4 Site Denominations 4.5 Aquarium Block 4.6 Aviary Zone Design 4.7 Reptile Park 4.8 African Savanna 4.9 Cats 4.10 Apes (Primate Paradise) 4.11 Bear/ Deer/ Nilgai 4.12 Entrance 4.13 Food Stalls 4.14 Toilets 4.15 Signage 4.16 Safari 4.17 Gallery 4.18 Lake Front Plan 4.19 Final Area Statement Chapter5
References
77
Ch a p t e r4
De s i g nDe v e l o p me n t 4 . 1 .Co n c e p t T h ed e s i g nc o n c e p t f o rt h eNa n d a nKa n a nz o ol i e st ot h eb a s i cc o r eo fr e p l i c a t i n ge l e me n t so ft h en a t u r a l h a b i t a t so ft h ea n i ma l s . T h ee x h i b i t sa r ep l a n n e dt ob emo r eo p e n , s p a c i o u s , p o s s e s s i n ge l e me n t si nt e r mso f l a n d s c a p i n ga n dl o o ka n df e e l o ft h ei n d i g e n o u sh a b i t a t so ft h ea n i ma l s . T h ea n i ma l sa r ec l a s i e di nt e r mso f t h e i rn a t u r a l h a b i t a t t y p e / r e a l m-s u c ha s , T r o p i c a l r a i n f o r e s t wh i c hc o n t a i n sg o r i l l a s , s n a k e s , a p e s , f e wb i r d s , e t c . o rAf r i c a nSa v a n n aGr a s s l a n d so rSa l t wa t e ra n df r e s h wa t e re c o s y s t e ms , e t c .
ST RA T E GY1 : PL AZ AS
Co n c e p t f o rt h ep l a n n i n gt a c k l e swi t ht h eh g ep r o b l e m, i e , c r o wd ma n a g e me n t . T od e a l wi t ht h es p e c t a c u l a ra mo u n t o fc r o wdt h a t f l o c k si nd a i l y , a s y s t e mo fp l a z a si si n t r o d u c e da t mu l t i p l ep o i n t s , wh i c hg i v e st h eu s e r c h a n c et od i v i d ea n ds e g r e g a t e . T h ec r o wdi sd i s p e r s e di n t od i f f e r e n t d i r e c t i o n sa t mu l t i p l ep o i n t swh e nr e a c h i n gt h ep l a z a .
ST RA T E GY2 : Z ONI NG
F r o mt h es u r v e y , t h ed e r i v a t i o nwa st h a t t h ec r o wdf a v o u r e dt ov i s i t t h ec a t s , e l e p h a n t s , g i r a f f e s , z e b r a so v e rb i r d sa n dr e p t i l e s . T h i s ma k e si t c l e a rt h a t , p l a c i n gt h emo r ef a v o r a b l eo n e sf a r t h e ra wa yf r o m t h ee n t r a n c ewi l l f o r c et h ec r o wdt oa u t o ma t i c a l l yd i s p e r s ei n t ot h e f a r t h e s t p o i n t o ft h ev i s i t i n ga r e a s . T h i ss t a t e g yc l e a r so u t t h ei n i t i a l z o n e sf o ra c c o mo d a t i n gmo r ec r o wdo v e ral a r g e rt i mep e r i o di na d a y .
Se r v i c e sp r o v i d e d ( De s i g nF e a t u r e s ) -
1 . Sh a d e dCa n o p yRo a d s 2 . L a k es i d ep r o me n a d e 3 . I n t e r a c t i v ep l a z a s 4 . F o o ds t a l l sa n dT o i l e t si np l a z a s , d i f f e r e n t z o n e s 5 . De f i n e ds t r e e t e d g e s 6 . Ba t t e r yOp e r a t e dV e h i c l eRo a d s 7 . Cy c l i n gT r a c k s 8 . Ni g h t Sa f a r i 9 . Sa f a r i 1 0 . Bo a t i n g 1 1 . Ca b l eCa r ( Ro p e wa y ) 1 2 . Su s t a i n a b l ez o ou s i n gc l e a ne n e r g y , s o l a rp a n e l s , e t c 1 3 . Ch i l d r e n ’ sp a r k 1 4 .As s e mb l ya r e a s 1 5 . Pi c n i cs p o t s , l a wn s 1 6 . Wa t c ht o we r s 1 7 . Ch i l d r e n ’ sE x c u r s i o nCi r c l e s 1 8 . Re s t a u r a n t
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T h es i t ei st a k e na n dp a r t i sa n n e x e dt ot h e e x i s t i n gs i t ef o rt h ez o o . T h es i t ei so f1 3 5 a c r e s .
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T h es i t ei sz o n e do nt h eb a s i so ft h e q u e s t i o n a i r es u r v e yt h a t wa sc o n d u c t e d e a r l i e r . I t s h o we dt h a t p e o p l ep r e f e r e dt ov i s i t l i o n s , t i g e r s , e l e p h a nt s , g i r a f f e s , z e b r a so v e r r e p t i l e s , b i r d s , e t c . T h e r e f o r e , t h ep r e f e r e d a n i a ml sa r ek e p t a t t h er e a re n do ft h eo nf o o t r o u t e s . T h i si sd o n et od i s p e r s et h ec r o wd f r o mt h ee n t r a n c ea r e a si n t ot h ei n t e r i o ro ft h e s i t e .
ST E P3
T h ez o n e sa r ed e f i n e da c c o r d i n gt oa r e a s . E a c hz o n eh a sa c c e s sr o a d s , s p e c i f i c a n i ma l sa c c o r d i n gt ot h e i rt y p eo rn a t u r a l h a b i t a t . Ro a d sa r ed r a wna n dc i r c u l a t i o ni sd e f i n e d . Re p t i l e s , Aq u a r i u m, Be a r , De e r Av i a r i e s Af r i c a nSa v a n n a Ca t s Ap e s Sa f a r i
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Re t h i n k i n gt h eNa n d a n Ka n a nZ o o l o g i c a l P a r k , Bh u b a n e s wa r
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T h et r a i l ma ps h o wst h ed i f f e r e n t t r a i l so rr o u t e s t h a t c a nb et a k e nt ov i e we v e r ye x h i b i t . Be s i d e s t h es a f a r i t r a i l , t h eo n f o o t r o u t e sa r ema r k e di n t h et r a i l ma p sa n dt h e yf o l l o wn op a r t i c u l a ro r d e r i nt e r mso fc h r o n o l o g y . On ec a ns e l e c t at r a i l a n d mo v eo nt ot h en e x t o n ea f t e rf i n i s h i n gi t .
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T h ep r o v i d e dn a t u r a l r e s o u r c e , t h eKa n j i aL a k e a n dt h ewo n d e r f u l v i e wo fi t i su t i l i z e dt h r o u g h p r o v i d i n go p e nl a n d s c a p e da r e a s , c o n g r e g a t i o n s p a c e s , a c t i v i t ya n df a c i l i t ya r e a s , p l a z a s , e t c . Be s i d e st h el a k e f a c i n gg u e s t h o u s e , a p r o me n a d ei sd e v e l o p e do nt h el a k ef r o n t wh i c h s t r e t c h e su p t o1 . 5k m
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T h ewa t e rf i l t r a t i o ns y s t e msa r e o ft wot y p e s -1 . f o rs ma l l e r t a n k swh i c hr e q u i r e sas e t o f f i l t e rs o c k s , s ma l l p r o t e i n s k i mme ra n dc a l c i u mr e a c t o r a n d ; 2 . wh i c hi sf o rl a r g et a n k s wh i c hu n d e r g o e sa ne x t e n s i v e p r o c e s so ff i l t r a t i o na n dt h e wa t e ri su s e da n dr e u s e da f t e r b e i n gf i l t e r e d . T h ewa t e rf r o m t h et a n ki st a k e ni n , i t i sc l e a n e d t h r o u g haf i l t e rs o c k , p r o t e i n s k i mme r , b i ob a l l f i l t e r s , f i n e p a r t i c u l a t ef i l t e r s , c a r b o nf i l t e r s , a n dt h e nf i n a l l yp u mp e db a c k i n t ot h et a n k .
4 . 5 . 3 . L i s to fE x h i b i t s 1 . Oc e a n a r i u mE x h i b i t 5 1 0 0s q m, c o n t a i n sa nu n d e r wa t e rt u n n e l wh i c hp a s s e st h r o u g ht h et a n k . As t r a t e g yi nd e s i g n i n g t h i si st h eu s eo fc o r a l a n dl a r g er o c k sa t t h eb e dwh i c hl o o k so v e rt et u n n e l c o r n e r sa t b o t he n d s . T h i s c r e a t e sa ne l e me n t o fs u s p e n s eo fwh a t f i s hmi g h t c o meo u t o ft h eb l u ea n ds wi mo v e rt h et u n n e l . T h e t u n n e l r u n sa l o n gt h ewi d t ho ft h et a n k . T h et a n kd i me n s i o n sa r e7 1 . 9 mX7 0 . 8 ma n dt h ewi d t ho ft h e t u n n e l i s6 . 2 m. 2 . J e l l yf i s hE x h i b i t 1 2 1 0s q mo fr e c t a n g u l a rt a n k , wh i c hc o n t a i n s3s p e c i e so fj e l l y f i s h . T h et a n kh a sl o n gp a n e l so f g l a s s ( a c r y l i c )o nwa l l so ft h et a n kf o rv i e wi n g . Ad d i t i o n a l l y , ah a l f d o me , o fd i a me t e r1 2 mi sp l a c e da t t h ec e n t r eo ft h ewa l l o ft h et a n kwh i c hi s6 md e e p . 3 . Co r a l Re e fE x h i b i t T h et a n kc o n t a i n sc o r a l o fd i f f e r e n t k i n d sa n ds p e c i e sd i s p l a y e d . T h ec o n c e p t i sd e r i v e df r o mt h e Gr e a t Ba r r i e rRe e fo fAu s t r a l i a , wh i c hi smo d e l l e di nami n i a t u r ef o r mi nt h i st a n k . T h ef i s hs p e c i e s t h r i v i n gi nt h en a t u r a l h a b i t a t o fc o r a l i sk e p t t o g e t h e ri nt h i st a n k . T h i st a n ki so fa r e a1 5 4 0s q m. 4 . Ma r i n ef i s ht a n k s ( s ma l l ) E a c ho ft a n k sa r e3 5s q m( 2 5i nn u mb e r ) 5 . F r e s h wa t e rf i s ht a n k s( s ma l l ) E a c ho ft a n k sa r e6 7 . 5s q m( 8i nn u mb e r )a n do fa n o t h e rt y p e4 0s q m( 6i nn u mb e r ) 6 . T o u c hp o o l s3i nn u mb e r 4 9
Re t h i n k i n gt h eNa n d a n Ka n a nZ o o l o g i c a l P a r k , Bh u b a n e s wa r
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Re t h i n k i n gt h eNa n d a n Ka n a nZ o o l o g i c a l P a r k , Bh u b a n e s wa r
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4 . 5 . 5 . Pl a n
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Re t h i n k i n gt h eNa n d a n Ka n a nZ o o l o g i c a l P a r k , Bh u b a n e s wa r
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4 . 5 . 6 . Vi s u a l s
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T h ed e s i g ni sap r o t o t y p ewh i c hi s p r o p o r t i o n a l . F o rb i r d swi t hl a r g ewi n gs p a n s a n d / o ra r emo r ei nn u mb e r , al a r g e r d i me n s i o n e dd o mec a nb ec o n s t r u c t e d ma i n t a i n i n gt h ep r o p o r t i o n so ft h ep r o t o t y p e .
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4 . 6 . 1 . 3 . Wa l k i nAv a i r y Pl a n
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5 6
4 . 7Re p t i l ePa r k 4 . 7 . 1 . Pl a n( L a y o u t )
T h ed e s i g no ft h ec i r c u l a t i o na n dt h ep a l n n i n go ft h ep a r ki sd o n eb yk e e p i n gi nmi n dt h ee n s u r a n c eo ff r e ef l o wo f t r a f f i c . T h e r ea r es e r v i c er o a d st h a t r u na t t h eb a c k , h i d d e nf r o mt h ep u b l i ca c c e s s . T h eVi s i t o rt r a i l se n c o u r a g ef r e e f l o wa n da l l o wst h es p e c t a t o rt os p e n da smu c ht i mea swa n t e da t e a c ha n i ma l e x h i b i t . T h i se n s u r e sl e s sc r o wd i n g a t o n ee x h i b i t . T h eT r a i l t ot h ec r o c o d i l ef o l l o wso n ed i r e c t i o n . 5 7
Re t h i n k i n gt h eNa n d a n Ka n a nZ o o l o g i c a l P a r k , Bh u b a n e s wa r
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4 . 7 . 4 . Co n c e p t u a l Sk e t c h e s
T h er a mp sa n ds k y wa l k sa r ed e s i g n e dt op r o v i d ema x i mu mv i e w. As t e pd o wnt h r o u g ht h er a mpi sp r o v i d e d . Av i e wi n gh o u s ei sc r e a t e dwh i c hi sp a r ts u b me r g e di nt h ewa t e ra n dp r o v i d e sa ne y el e v e l v i e wo ft h ec r o c .
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4 . 7 . 5 . Vi s u a l i z a t i o n so ft h eRe p t i l ePa r k
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4 . 8Af r i c a nSa v a n n a T h eAf r i c a nSa v a n n aZ o n ec o n s i s t so f4e x h i b i t s 1 . E l e p h a n t E x h i b i t 2 . Os t r i c h /Z e b r a /Gi r a f f eE x h i b i t 3 . Hi p p o p o t a mu sE x h i b i t 4 . Bl a c kRh i n oE x h i b i t
4 . 8 . 1 . Pl a no fAf r i c a nSa v a n n a
4 . 8 . 2 . Sh e l t e r s -E l e p a n tSh e l t e r E l e p h a n tSh e l t e r
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