“Empowering the civil society in Kazakhstan in improvement of chemical safety” project is financially supported by the European Union EuropeAid, EU Delegation to Kazakhstan
NGO’s Experience with Chemical Safety monitoring
Karaganda Ecological Museum CINEST Center of Implementation of New Environmental Technology Prague, Nov 27
Areas of activity l
Heavy metal pollution of Karaganda and Temirtau cities (sampling and mapping of the soil and snow) 1995, 2013
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Mercury pollution of Nura river valley (awareness rising, financial monitoring World Bank clean-up project, advocacy campaign, public hearing, sampling) 1998-2013 in cooperation with NGO CINEST (Center of Implementation New Environmental Technologies)
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POPs pollution of Karaganda, Dzhambyl, Atyrau, South Kazakhstan region (sampling of water, soil, industrial oil, waste) 1998-1999, 2006-2008, 2010-2013
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Space launch vehicles influence in Karaganda Region, 1999, 2007-2008
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timeline l l
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First exhibition of EcoMuseum – Chemical pollution of Karaganda City (ISAR), 1995 First study POPs in water in Kazakhstan - river Nura and discharge water of steel mill of the Arcelor Mittal Temirtau. (EcoMuseum, Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science, Hivos (The Netherlands). Participation in emergency measures after Proton space launch vehicles catastrophes. 1999, 2008 Discovering the abandoned pesticides dump near Karaganda city, 2003 Eco Museum CINEST - Chemical Safety monitoring
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Discovering the 400-500 tone of PCBs-filled equipment on former military base. 2004-2006
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The lobbying of legal decision of handling with discovered PCB-equipment. As result the private company asked Ministry of Environmental Protection for state support for disposal of PCBs. 70% of PCBs were imported to Germany and disposed on ENVIO company in frame 10Mio USD project. 20042007.
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2007-2008 Environmental influence of specific activity of Ministry of Defense.
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First in NIS discovering of POPs (PCDD, PCDF, PCBs in combustion products of solid rocket fuel (EcoMuseum, Ministry of Environmental Protection, COZIEP LLP, Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Science)
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Chemical Safety Legislation l l
Bad news - No one name of laws have word “chemical” Good news – the laws in force Ecological Code l Industrial Safety law l
Stockholm Convention l Basel Convention l Rotterdam Convention l Transboundary influence of industrial accident convention l
Vienna Convention l Montreal Protocol l Aarhus Convention l Espoo Convention etc. l
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Legislation Problems l
Absence of any legislative requirement for monitoring of unintentionally created POPs
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Since 2009 business have pay environmental fee only for emissions of 16 pollutants accordingly with Tax Code
NOx, l COx, l SOx, l dust and ashe, l methane, l hydrocarbone, l
lead, l formaldehyde, l hydrogen sulfide, l phenols, l smoke black, l
benzpyrene, l iron oxides, l ammonia, l hexavalent chromium, l oxides of copper l
No one POPs !!! Eco Museum CINEST - Chemical Safety monitoring
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Legislation Problems l
All POPs emmissions is free!
…as like mercury, cianides, zinc, cadmium, molybdenum, phosphorus, phosphates, any acids etc.
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Legislation Problems Limit the amount of hazardous substances, whose presence at the facility is the basis for the obligatory declaration (Industrial Safety Law) Name
Limit the amount of the dangerous substance dangerous substance (tonne)
Hydrogen cyanide
20.0
Hydrogen fluoride
50.0
Phosgene
0.75
Methylisocyanate
0.15
Explosives
25.0
Toxic substances Highly toxic substances Hazardous substances for the Eco Museum CINEST - Chemical Safety monitoring environment
200.0 20.0 200.0
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Legislation Problems l
Many military facilities rented by Russia are inaccessible for control of Ministry of Environmental Protection.
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Environmental influence of defense activity
Abandoned storage of military chemicals discovered by EcoMuseum, 2007. After spreading information by mass-media chemicals was removed but the storage wasn’t commissioned Eco Museum CINEST - Chemical Safety monitoring
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Solid rocket fuel (aluminium as fuel + perchlorates as oxidizer+ sintetic rubber resin as binder = POPs 2,3,7,8-tetra CDD 1,2,3,7,8-penta CDD 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexa CDD Melted soil on place of the elimination of solid rocket engines
1,2,3,6,7,8- hexa CDD 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexa CDD 1,2,3,4,6,7,8- gepta CDD 1,2,3,6,7,8,9-okta CDD 2,3,7,8-tetra CDF 1,2,37,8-penta CDF 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexa CDF 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexa CDF 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-gepta CDF 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-okta CDF
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Illegal open combustion of out-of-date missile’s engines
Only remains of burned rocket engines with solid fuel – fiberglass nozzles
• polyaromatic hydrocarbon • acenaphthylen • acenaphthene • naphthalene • fluorene • phenanthrene • anthracene • fluoranthene • pyrene • Benzo (a) anthracene • chrysene • Benzo (b) fluoranthene • Benzo (a) pyrene • HCB • DDT • PCBs
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Mercury pollution of Nura river l
The River Nura in Central Kazakhstan has been heavily polluted by mercury originating from an acetaldehyde plant (Synthetic Rubber Plant of Carbide company). Approximately volume of discharged mercury 2000-3000 tones.
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Mercury in the riverbed is mainly associated with power station y ash, forming a new type of technogenic deposit.
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During 2005-2012 was conducted 100$Mio clean-up project with 65$Mio loan of World Bank. 3 000 000 m3 of soil and sediment were excavated and buried. Eco Museum CINEST - Chemical Safety monitoring
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The Nura River is a popular place to swim. After cleanup and restoration works, people once unaware Eco Museum CINEST - Chemical Safety monitoring of the silent dangers of mercury are
safe now.
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Thank you for attention!!! Karaganda Ecological Museum CINEST Center of Implementation New Environmental Technology www.ecomuseum.kz, www.poligon.org.kz, www.cleanriver.kz, www.ecotourism.kz www.toxic.kz ecomuseum@ecomuseum.kz, ecomuseum.kz@gmail.com Karaganda, Buhar Zhyrau 47 +7 (7212) 41-33-44, 8 777 740-04-37
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