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Hot summer draws the late butterflies
The long, hot summers has caused many problems and concerns and not least have been the effects of searing and scorching weather on wildlife. However, some species have done well and especially particular butterflies for instance, have thrived. Late summer has proved a boon time for species like the spectacular ‘red admiral’ though its close cousin the longdistance migrant, the painted lady has been thin on the ground. The red admirals I have pictured were a group of several that were basking in the September warmth of a sunny glade in the woods at Padley Gorge. Close by, in a garden in Nether Padley a buddleia bush, a sprawling sweet pea, and a nearby dogwood bush had attracted a stunning ‘brimstone’ butterfly. Dogwood and its relatives are the larval foodplant for this species which currently seems to be expanding its range. With the native distribution of its foodplants rather restricted, it is likely that garden and roadside plantings are helping it spread to new haunts. The one pictured is a ‘second brood’ adult, the first brood being out and about in early spring. The name of ‘brimstone’ refers to the animal’s brilliant sulphur-yellow colouration.
Another butterfly which has had a bumper year is the pretty ‘speckled wood’, a member of the ‘brown’ family that includes widespread species such as ‘meadow brown’ and ‘hedge brown’. Speckled woods have increased in numbers and range of occurrence dramatically over recent decades and now occurs in woods, parks, and gardens all across the region. This is a remarkable turn-around from its position of being uncommon and only found in southern England. This summer especially, it has been ever-present in woodlands especially where it flits across glades in search of shafts of dabble sunlight. The speckling of white on brown of the wings must be important in camouflaging the butterfly and protecting it from potential bird predators. Other late butterflies in woodland rides and glades have included the browns as mentioned earlier; and hedge brown in particular has done very well. The green-veined whites have also been abundant and favour sprawling bramble patches where they are joined by ‘peacocks’ and ‘small tortoiseshells’.
In gardens, late flowers such as verbena, lavender, mint, echinops, passionflower, honeysuckle, and some buddleia varieties are magnets for these late summer visitors. Earlier in the year, species like red valerian, marjoram, and others are a draw for butterflies, bumblebees, honeybees, and other insects such as hoverflies. Ice-plant is another late-flowering perennial garden favourite that is excellent for butterflies, but the season can be extended with easy-to-grow annual flowers such as nasturtiums. The climbing and trailing nasturtium varieties are excellent and both flowers and leaves are also good in salads too! Other good plants to grow in the longer-term include native ivy which flowers late, is great for insects, has late berries for birds, and provides cover for all sorts of wildlife species. Ivy, along with holly and berberis, is also the foodplant of another butterfly with a late summer brood, the ‘holly blue’. This is another one that has done well this year and is found in both woodland and in gardens.
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GARDENS
Gardener’s Calendar Let’s talk about leaf mould. Great for mulching around plants in spring and early summer and
can also be sieved and added to compost.
Top Tip:
And if you have trees shedding onto your garden it’s a no brainer. You can rake up and collect in bin bags – but do remember to put lots of holes so air can get up and you don’t end up with a gooey mess. Or create a bin out of a bit of chicken wire and four posts. Simples. The garden can start to look a bit of a mess at the moment, so basically you can cut back perennials which die off in winter. This includes the likes of phlox, delphiniums, catmint, and hardy geraniums. It can be a good idea to leave some ornamental grasses and honesty and alliums which continue to provide structure over the winter and can look good with a bit of frost on them. Plus leaving some remainders in place is good for wildlife. Other perennials which might be thought to be on the edge of tender should also be allowed to keep their existing growth over winter as it will protect the growing base of the plant. If bringing tender plants into a conservatory or greenhouse make sure you water only sparingly throughout winter. Brown or yellow tips on leaves don’t mean your plant needs more water – it needs humidity, so mist leaves and push plants closer together as that also helps to create a humid atmosphere.
Top tip: remove this year’s summer bedding from containers and borders and add to your compost heap. You don’t have to take all the existing compost out of containers, just the top few inches.
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