Hydrogen cyanide (Hydrocyanic acid; HCN) by Asch

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Reactions (1913)

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Substances (4)

Citations (2399)

Conditions

References

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With mercury-salts; ammonia; permanganate(VII) ion

Fosse; Hieulle

Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1922 , vol. 174, p. 1022 Full Text Show Details

Fosse

C. r. Soc. Biol., vol. 86, p. 177 Chem. Zentralbl., 1922 , vol. 93, # I p. 1227 Full Text Show Details

Fosse

Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1921 , vol. 173, p. 1371 C.r.Soc.biol., vol. 86, p. 175 Chem. Zentralbl., 1922 , vol. 93, # I p. 1227 Full Text Show Details

With ammonia; permanganate(VII) ion; silver nitrate

Fosse; Hieulle

Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1922 , vol. 174, p. 1022 Full Text Show Details

Fosse

C. r. Soc. Biol., vol. 86, p. 177 Chem. Zentralbl., 1922 , vol. 93, # I p. 1227 Full Text Show Details Fosse

Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1921 , vol. 173, p. 1371 C.r.Soc.biol., vol. 86, p. 175 Chem. Zentralbl., 1922 , vol. 93, # I p. 1227 Full Text Show Details

With ammonia; permanganate(VII) ion; mercury(II) oxide

Fosse; Hieulle

Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1922 , vol. 174, p. 1022 Full Text Show Details

Fosse

C. r. Soc. Biol., vol. 86, p. 177 Chem. Zentralbl., 1922 , vol. 93, # I p. 1227 Full Text Show Details Fosse Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1921 , vol. 173, p. 1371 C.r.Soc.biol., vol. 86, p. 175 Chem. Zentralbl., 1922 , vol. 93, # I p. 1227 Full Text Show Details

With permanganate(VII) ion in ammonia

oxidation with permanganate in presence of Ag- or Hg-salts;

Fosse, R.; Hieulle, A.

Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1922 , vol. 174, p. 1021 - 1023 Full Text Show Details

Fosse, R.

Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1921 , vol. 173, p. 1370 - 1372 Full Text Show Details

Fosse, R.

Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales, 1922 , vol. 86, p. 175 - 178 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With FeMo2.5Bi0.2P0.1O(x); ammonia

T=420°C; P=1875.19 Torr; Hide Experimental Procedure

GUO, Jian-hang

Patent: CN102295571 B, 2016 ; Location in patent: Paragraph 0035; 0037 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

From“Methanol dehydrogenation reactor” the mixed gas and ammonia air came out , entered Formaldehyde Ammoniated reactor "(fixed bed) reactor equippedwith catalyst for reaction to produce hydrogencyanide. The reaction temperature is 420 ° C. The reaction pressureis 0.25MPa, the ammonia concentration of 5percent, ammonia methanol ratio 0.55, gasair speed 4000h-1. Formaldehyde conversion was about 50percent. The mainBuilt-in component of catalyst is Fe1Moo2.5 Bio0.2P0.1Ox.

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With water

Geschwindigkeit der Bildung;

Naumann

Zeitschrift fuer Elektrochemie und Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, 1910 , vol. 16, p. 773 Full Text Show Details

With alkaline solution

Geschwindigkeit der Bildung von Cyaniden;

Naumann

Zeitschrift fuer Elektrochemie und Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, 1910 , vol. 16, p. 773 Full Text Show Details

With ethane

Kinetics; byproducts: C2H5; 25-298 K; in a tubular reactor which is cryogenically cooled; various carrier gases (He, Ar or N2); laser induced fluorescence;

Sims, Ian R.; Queffelec, Jean-Louis; Travers, Daniel; Rowe, Bertrand R.; Herbert, Lee B.; et al.

Chemical Physics Letters, 1993 , vol. 211, p. 461 - 468 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With methane

Kinetics; byproducts: CH3; 160-298 K; in a tubular reactor which is cryogenically cooled; laser induced fluorescence;

Sims, Ian R.; Queffelec, Jean-Louis; Travers, Daniel; Rowe, Bertrand R.; Herbert, Lee B.; et al.

Chemical Physics Letters, 1993 , vol. 211, p. 461 - 468 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With hydrogen

Kinetics; 260-350°C;

Hartel, H. V.; Polanyi, M.

Zeitschrift fuer Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung B: Chemie der Elementarprozesse, Aufbau der Materie, 1931 , vol. 11, p. 97 - 138 Full Text Show Details

With olefins

Goy, C. A.; Shaw, D. H.; Pritchard, H. O.

Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1965 , vol. 69, p. 1504 - 1507 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With olefins

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 1.3, page 21 - 26 Full Text Show Details

With H2

Kinetics; 260-350°C;

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 1.3, page 21 - 26 Full Text Show Details

With methyl bromide

T=24.84°C; Kinetics; TemperatureReagent/catalyst; Hide Experimental Procedure

Hodny, Michael; Hershberger, John F.

Chemical Physics Letters, 2016 , vol. 645, p. 88 - 91 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

3.2. Product yields

Infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy was used to detect HCN products of the reactions of CN with CH3Br. The CN + C2H6 reaction, which is expected to produce HCN in unity yield, was used as a reference reaction.

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>99

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With sulfuric acid; water

HCN was prepared by addn. of H2SO4/H2O (50:50) to solid NaCN; dried with CaCl2;

Bohn, Robert B.; Andrews, Lester

Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1989 , vol. 93, # 10 p. 3974 - 3979 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With sulfuric acid in sulfuric acid

96 percent H2SO4;;

Shafik, M.; Amer, A.; Himly, A. L.

Bull. Soc. Fouad Ier Entomol., 1938 , vol. 22, p. 301 - 345 Full Text Show Details

With sulfuric acid in sulfuric acid

addn. of FeSO4;;

Haberland, F.

Slotta, K. H. (Ber. Deut. Chem. Ges. 67 (1934) 1028/30) Full Text Show Details

With sulfuric acid in sulfuric acid

byproducts: CO, NH3, SO2; heating in concd. H2SO4; further byproduct: CO2;;

Moore, W.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 1932 , vol. 25, p. 729 - 730 Full Text Show Details

>99

With sulfuric acid in sulfuric acid

byproducts: CO, NH3; concd. H2SO4;;

Moore, W.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 1932 , vol. 25, p. 729 - 730 Full Text Show Details

With sulfuric acid in sulfuric acid

dild. H2SO4;;

Moore, W.

Journal of Economic Entomology, 1932 , vol. 25, p. 729 - 730 Full Text Show Details

With n-octadecanoic acid

byproducts: CO2; heating (80-90°C, vac.); trapped at liq. N2 temp., distn. (slush bad of liq. N2/chloroform, -63°C); mass spectroscopy;

Parent, Denise C.; McElvany, Stephen W.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1989 , vol. 111, # 7 p. 2393 - 2401 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With water in water

aq. soln. reacted alkaline and HCN developped;;

Rodgers, F.; Rodgers, E.

Philosophical Magazine (1798-1977), 1834 , vol. 4, p. 93 - 93 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4 in sulfuric acid

aq. H2SO4; dild. H2SO4;;

Gmelin Handbook: Na: SVol.4, 4, page 1377 - 1379 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4 in sulfuric acid

aq. H2SO4; 96 percent H2SO4;;

Gmelin Handbook: Na: SVol.4, 4, page 1377 - 1379 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4 in sulfuric acid

aq. H2SO4; addn. of FeSO4;;

Gmelin Handbook: Na: SVol.4, 4, page 1377 - 1379 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4 in sulfuric acid

byproducts: CO, NH3, SO2; aq. H2SO4; heating in concd. H2SO4; further byproduct: CO2;;

Gmelin Handbook: Na: SVol.4, 4, page 1377 - 1379 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4 in sulfuric acid

byproducts: CO, NH3; aq. H2SO4; concd. H2SO4;;

Gmelin Handbook: Na: SVol.4, 4, page 1377 - 1379 Full Text Show Details

With water in water

aq. soln. reacted alkaline and HCN developped;;

Gmelin Handbook: Na: MVol., 286, page 795 - 796 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4 in water

dilute H2SO4 was added to NaCN; twofold distn. from 195 to 77 K;

Abbate, Alison D.; Moore, C. Bradley

Journal of Chemical Physics, 1985 , vol. 82, # 3 p. 1255 - 1262 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With hydrogenchloride; citric acid in di-isopropyl ether; water

pH=5.5; Hide Experimental Procedure

Rej, Rohan Kalyan; Das, Tapas; Hazra, Suman; Nanda, Samik

Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 2013 , vol. 24, # 15-16 p. 913 - 918 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

4.3 Preparation of HCN in DIPE

At first, NaCN (10g) and citric acid (0.1g) were dissolved in water (100ml). The solution was cooled in an ice/water bath and extracted with DIPE (50ml), while acidifying with 33percent HCl until pH 5.5. The water layer, which contained a suspension of NaCl, was extracted twice with DIPE (25ml). The combined DIPE layers were stored in a dark bottle. The above procedure must be performed in a well ventilated fume hood with proper glassware and handware (gloves). With hydrogenchloride in water

T=5 - 10°C; pH=&#60; 2;

Von Langermann, Jan; Temmel, Erik; Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas; Lorenz, Heike

Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, 2015 , vol. 60, # 3 p. 721 - 728 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With sulfuric acid

T=20°C; Cooling with liquid nitrogen;

Platt, Sean P.; Attah, Isaac K.; El-Shall; Hilal, Rifaat; Elroby, Shaaban A.; Aziz, Saadullah G.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2016 , vol. 18, # 4 p. 2580 - 2590 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With sulfuric acid in water

Inert atmosphereSchlenk technique;

Chen, Chi-Shian; Kuo, Ting-Shen; Yeh, Wen-Yann

Chemistry - A European Journal, 2016 , vol. 22, # 26 p. 8773 - 8776 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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With isopropyl alcohol in tert-butyl methyl ether

T=0°C; 0.25 h; Inert atmosphere; Hide Experimental Procedure

National University Corporation Hokkaido University; Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.

Patent: US2010/29977 A1, 2010 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

13:

Example 13; Asymmetric Cyanation of Benzaldehyde(Preparation of Hydrogen Cyanide Solution)Tert-butylmethylether (18 ml; hereinafter, referred to as "TBME") and trimethylsilane cyanide (0.75 ml, 6 mmol) were added to a 50 ml Schlenk flask of an argon atmosphere containing a stirrer, and cooled at 0° C. for 10 minutes. Then, 2-propanol (0.46 ml, 6 mmol) was added by a syringe and stirred at the same temperature for 15 minutes. With methanol in diethyl ether

0.5 h; Schlenk technique;

Brown, Zachary D.; Erickson, Jeremy D.; Fettinger, James C.; Power, Philip P.

Organometallics, 2013 , vol. 32, # 2 p. 617 - 622 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With methanol; C64H56N2O4P2Ru

T=0°C; 0.25 h; Inert atmosphere;

Maertens, Gaëtan; Desjardins, Samuel; Canesi, Sylvain

Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2016 , vol. 14, # 28 p. 6744 - 6750 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Brahma, Aischarya; Musio, Biagia; Ismayilova, Uliviya; Nikbin, Nikzad; Kamptmann, Sonja B.; Siegert, Petra; Jeromin, Günter E.; Ley, Steven V.; Pohl, Martina

Synlett, 2016 , vol. 27, # 2 art. no. ST-2015-D0610-L, p. 262 - 266 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With CalB novozyme 435 in tert-butyl methyl ether; water

T=20°C; P=3750.38 Torr; 2 h; Sealed tubeFlow reactor; Hide Experimental Procedure

S2. General batch procedure for the CalB-catalyzed hydrolysis of ethyl cyanoformate (ECF).

A “tea bag” (1.5 cm x 1 cm) was prepared by sealing three sides of a folded nylon membrane of pore size 43 μm with heat (polystar 100 GE-GS heating unit). The commercially available CalB Novozyme 435 (40 mg) and a small magnetic bar were introduced in and the fourth side was sealed to form a “tea bag” filled with the catalyst. It was introduced in a glass vial containing 1 ml of a 1 M solution of ECF in micro-aqueous MTBE. The vial was closed anda gentle stirring was applied at room temperature for 120 min. The conversion of ECF hydrolysis has been assessed byGC analysis, considering the depletion of ECF. For the calibration curve solutions of ECF in MTBE (0.0 M, 0.25 M,0.5 M, 0.8 M, 1.0 M) and tetradecane as internal standard (1 M in MTBE) have been used. The following method wasapplied for the GC analysis: initial temperature 40 C, ramp 15 C/min to 180 C hold for 0 min, post run 180 C for 2min. A

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With nitric oxide; nitric oxide; ethane-d6; cyclohexane

T=24.84°C; P=0.1 Torr; Photolysis; Quantum yieldKinetics; Reagent/catalyst; Hide Experimental Procedure

Feng, Wenhui; Hershberger, John F.

Chemical Physics, 2016 , vol. 472, p. 18 - 23 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

The experimental apparatus was described in our previousstudy [8]. Briefly, HCNO was photolyzed by 193 nm light from anexcimer laser (Coherent, Compex-pro). Reaction products weredetected by transient infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopyusing lead salts diode lasers (Laser Components) operating in the80–110 K temperature range. Transient infrared absorption signalswere recorded on a digital oscilloscope (Lecroy, Wavesurfer 422)and transferred to a computer for analysis. All experiments wereperformed at 298 K. A

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Rao; Chaudhary

RSC Advances, 2016 , vol. 6, # 53 p. 47646 - 47654 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Irradiation;

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Irradiation;

Rao; Chaudhary

RSC Advances, 2016 , vol. 6, # 53 p. 47646 - 47654

Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Rao; Chaudhary

RSC Advances, 2016 , vol. 6, # 53 p. 47646 - 47654 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Irradiation;

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With ammonia

T=420°C; P=2250.23 Torr; Hide Experimental Procedure

GUO, Jian-hang

Patent: CN102295571 B, 2016 ; Location in patent: Paragraph 0039; 0040 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Into a ‘’Methanol ammoxidation reactor"(fluidized bed) pumped methanol, meanwhile feed air and ammonia gas,first causing methanol oxidativedehydrogenation as formaldehyde then partially Ammoniated as hydrocyanic acid. Methanolweight space velocity 0.5h-1, ammonia alcohol ratio is 1.2 (Because some of the ammonia is oxidizedto nitrogen, ammonia alcohol ratio higher than the theoretical value of thereaction formula) . The reaction temperature is 420 ° C. The reaction pressureis 0.3MPa, the methanol concentration of about 6.5percent, the gas space velocity8000 h-1 . methanol conversion rate98percent. The main Built-in component of catalyst is Fe1Mo2.5Bio0.15 P0.1 Si10Ox. SiO2as a supported catalyst. The reason for choosing fluidized bed is heatrelease of oxidation and ammoniation reactions are large. Fluidized bed caneffectively reduce the temperature of the hot bed and to avoid the loss of Mosublimation A

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Ismael; Fausto; Cristiano

Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2016 , vol. 81, # 23 p. 11656 - 11663 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

0.1 h; UV-irradiation; Time;

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Ismael; Fausto; Cristiano

Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2016 , vol. 81, # 23 p. 11656 - 11663 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

0.00111111 h; UV-irradiation;

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A: 5.8% B: 41.7% C: 0.8%

With ammonia; oxygen; MoV0.3Sb0.2Nb0.08Ti0.1Ce0005On/silica T=440°C; P=1018.63 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

PAPARIZOS, CHRISTOS; Sutradhar, Bhagya Chandra; Seely, Michael J.; Brazdil, JR., James F.; Bhattacharyya, Alakananda

Patent: US2009/198081 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

1-1: Mixed metal oxide catalyst was prepared in its final form, according to methods described herein. In Examples 3-6, a portion of the catalyst was combined with a catalyst modifier and mixed in a dry state, by using a mechanical mixer.Catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor having a diameter of 1-inch. The reactor was charged with about 20 to about 45 g of particulate catalyst or catalyst mixture. Propane was fed into the reactor at a rate of about 0.05 to about 0.06 WWH (i.e., weight of propane/weight of catalyst/hour). Oxygen, ammonia, steam, and nitrogen were fed into the reactor. The oxygen and nitrogen feed ratios were as follows: O2 3.39/C3 1.0/N2 12.61. The steam (H2O) and ammonia (NH3) ratios are shown in Table 1. Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at about 2 to about 15 psig. Reaction temperatures were in the range of about 430 to about 460° C.Ammonia breakthrough was determined by titrating a sample of the reactor effluent via conventional titration techniques.Example No.1 was prepared with the nominal composition: MoV0.3Sb0.2Nb0.08Ti0.1Ce0.005On and including 45percent by weight silica support. Example 1-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Examples 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4 were run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperatures shown in Table 1. A: 3.7% B: 41% C: 2.5%

With ammonia; water; oxygen; MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On/Sb2O3/silica T=460°C; P=1277.21 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

PAPARIZOS, CHRISTOS; Sutradhar, Bhagya Chandra; Seely, Michael J.; Brazdil, JR., James F.; Bhattacharyya, Alakananda

Patent: US2009/198081 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8-9 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

3-3; 4-2; 6-2: Mixed metal oxide catalyst was prepared in its final form, according to methods described herein. In Examples 3-6, a portion of the catalyst was combined with a catalyst modifier and mixed in a dry state, by using a mechanical mixer.Catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor having a diameter of 1-inch. The reactor was charged with about 20 to about 45 g of particulate catalyst or catalyst mixture. Propane was fed into the reactor at a rate of about 0.05 to about 0.06 WWH (i.e., weight of propane/weight of catalyst/hour). Oxygen, ammonia, steam, and nitrogen were fed into the reactor. The oxygen and nitrogen feed ratios were as follows: O2 3.39/C3 1.0/N2 12.61. The steam (H2O) and ammonia (NH3) ratios are shown in Table 1. Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at about 2 to about 15 psig. Reaction temperatures were in the range of about 430 to about 460° C.Ammonia breakthrough was determined by titrating a sample of the reactor effluent via conventional titration techniques. Example No.3 was prepared by physically mixing a catalyst having the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support with 0.05 moles of Sb2O3. Example 3-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Examples 3-2 and 3-3 were run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperatures shown in Table 1; Example No.4 was prepared by physically mixing a catalyst having the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support with 0.1 moles of Sb2O3. Example 4-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Example 4-2 was run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperature shown in Table 1; Example No.6 was prepared by physically mixing a catalyst having the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support with 0.2 moles Sb2O3. Example 6-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Example 6-2 was run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperature shown in Table 1. A: 5.3% B: 41.3% C: 0.1%

With ammonia; water; oxygen; MoV0.3Sb0.2Nb0.08Ti0.1Ce0005On/silica T=440 - 460°C; P=1018.63 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

PAPARIZOS, CHRISTOS; Sutradhar, Bhagya Chandra; Seely, Michael J.; Brazdil, JR., James F.; Bhattacharyya, Alakananda

Patent: US2009/198081 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

1-2; 1-3; 1-4: Mixed metal oxide catalyst was prepared in its final form, according to methods described herein. In Examples 3-6, a portion of the catalyst was combined with a catalyst modifier and mixed in a dry state, by using a mechanical mixer.Catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor having a diameter of 1-inch. The reactor was charged with about 20 to about 45 g of particulate catalyst or catalyst mixture. Propane was fed into the reactor at a rate of about 0.05 to about 0.06 WWH (i.e., weight of propane/weight of catalyst/hour). Oxygen, ammonia, steam, and nitrogen were fed into the reactor. The oxygen and nitrogen feed ratios were as follows: O2 3.39/C3 1.0/N2 12.61. The steam (H2O) and ammonia (NH3) ratios are shown in Table 1. Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at about 2 to about 15 psig. Reaction temperatures were in the range of about 430 to about 460° C.Ammonia breakthrough was determined by titrating a sample of the reactor effluent via conventional titration techniques.Example No.1 was prepared with the nominal composition: MoV0.3Sb0.2Nb0.08Ti0.1Ce0.005On and including 45percent by weight silica support. Example 1-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Examples 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4 were run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperatures shown in Table 1.

A: 3.5% B: 39% C: 2.5%

With ammonia; water; oxygen; MoV0.3Sb0.2Nb0.08Ti0.1Ce0005On/silica T=461°C; P=1277.21 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

PAPARIZOS, CHRISTOS; Sutradhar, Bhagya Chandra; Seely, Michael J.; Brazdil, JR., James F.; Bhattacharyya, Alakananda

Patent: US2009/198081 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8-9 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

2-3: Mixed metal oxide catalyst was prepared in its final form, according to methods described herein. In Examples 3-6, a portion of the catalyst was combined with a catalyst modifier and mixed in a dry state, by using a mechanical mixer.Catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor having a diameter of 1-inch. The reactor was charged with about 20 to about 45 g of particulate catalyst or catalyst mixture. Propane was fed into the reactor at a rate of about 0.05 to about 0.06 WWH (i.e., weight of propane/weight of catalyst/hour). Oxygen, ammonia, steam, and nitrogen were fed into the reactor. The oxygen and nitrogen feed ratios were as follows: O2 3.39/C3 1.0/N2 12.61. The steam (H2O) and ammonia (NH3) ratios are shown in Table 1. Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at about 2 to about 15 psig. Reaction temperatures were in the range of about 430 to about 460° C.Ammonia breakthrough was determined by titrating a sample of the reactor effluent via conventional titration techniques. Example No.2 was prepared with the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support. Example 2-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Examples 2-2 and 2-3 were run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperatures shown in Table 1. A: 4.4% B: 37.5% C: 2.3%

With ammonia; water; oxygen; MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On/Sb2O3/silica T=460°C; P=1277.21 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

PAPARIZOS, CHRISTOS; Sutradhar, Bhagya Chandra; Seely, Michael J.; Brazdil, JR., James F.; Bhattacharyya, Alakananda

Patent: US2009/198081 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8-9 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

5-2: Mixed metal oxide catalyst was prepared in its final form, according to methods described herein. In Examples 3-6, a portion of the catalyst was combined with a catalyst modifier and mixed in a dry state, by using a mechanical mixer.Catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor having a diameter of 1-inch. The reactor was charged with about 20 to about 45 g of particulate catalyst or catalyst mixture. Propane was fed into the reactor at a rate of about 0.05 to about 0.06 WWH (i.e., weight of propane/weight of catalyst/hour). Oxygen, ammonia, steam, and nitrogen were fed into the reactor. The oxygen and nitrogen feed ratios were as follows: O2 3.39/C3 1.0/N2 12.61. The steam (H2O) and ammonia (NH3) ratios are shown in Table 1. Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at about 2 to about 15 psig. Reaction temperatures were in the range of about 430 to about 460° C.Ammonia breakthrough was determined by titrating a sample of the reactor effluent via conventional titration techniques. Example No.5 was prepared by physically mixing a catalyst having the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support with 0.05 moles TiO2. Example 5-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Example 5-2 was run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperature shown in Table 1. A: 4.9% B: 36.3% C: 1.6%

With ammonia; oxygen; MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On/Sb2O3/silica T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

PAPARIZOS, CHRISTOS; Sutradhar, Bhagya Chandra; Seely, Michael J.; Brazdil, JR., James F.; Bhattacharyya, Alakananda

Patent: US2009/198081 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8-9 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

5-1: Mixed metal oxide catalyst was prepared in its final form, according to methods described herein. In Examples 3-6, a portion of the catalyst was combined with a catalyst modifier and mixed in a dry state, by using a mechanical mixer.Catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor having a diameter of 1-inch. The reactor was charged with about 20 to about 45 g of particulate catalyst or catalyst mixture. Propane was fed into the reactor at a rate of about 0.05 to about 0.06 WWH (i.e., weight of propane/weight of catalyst/hour). Oxygen, ammonia, steam, and nitrogen were fed into the reactor. The oxygen and nitrogen feed ratios were as follows: O2 3.39/C3 1.0/N2 12.61. The steam (H2O) and ammonia (NH3) ratios are shown in Table 1. Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at about 2 to about 15 psig. Reaction temperatures were in the range of about 430 to about 460° C.Ammonia breakthrough was determined by titrating a sample of the reactor effluent via conventional titration techniques. Example No.5 was prepared by physically mixing a catalyst having the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support with 0.05 moles TiO2. Example 5-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Example 5-2 was run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperature shown in Table 1. A: 4.2% B: 36.2% C: 1%

With ammonia; oxygen; MoV0.3Sb0.2Nb0.08Ti0.1Ce0005On/silica T=430 - 440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

PAPARIZOS, CHRISTOS; Sutradhar, Bhagya Chandra; Seely, Michael J.; Brazdil, JR., James F.; Bhattacharyya, Alakananda

Patent: US2009/198081 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8-9 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

2-1; 2-2: Mixed metal oxide catalyst was prepared in its final form, according to methods described herein. In Examples 3-6, a portion of the catalyst was combined with a catalyst modifier and mixed in a dry state, by using a mechanical mixer.Catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor having a diameter of 1-inch. The reactor was charged with about 20 to about 45 g of particulate catalyst or catalyst mixture. Propane was fed into the reactor at a rate of about 0.05 to about 0.06 WWH (i.e., weight of propane/weight of catalyst/hour). Oxygen, ammonia, steam, and nitrogen were fed into the reactor. The oxygen and nitrogen feed ratios were as follows: O2 3.39/C3 1.0/N2 12.61. The steam (H2O) and ammonia (NH3) ratios are shown in Table 1. Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at about 2 to about 15 psig. Reaction temperatures were in the range of about 430 to about 460° C.Ammonia breakthrough was determined by titrating a sample of the reactor effluent via conventional titration techniques. Example No.2 was prepared with the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support. Example 2-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Examples 2-2 and 2-3 were run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperatures shown in Table 1. A: 4.3% B: 35.5% C: 1.3%

With ammonia; oxygen; MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On/Sb2O3/silica T=430 - 440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

PAPARIZOS, CHRISTOS; Sutradhar, Bhagya Chandra; Seely, Michael J.; Brazdil, JR., James F.; Bhattacharyya, Alakananda

Patent: US2009/198081 A1, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8-9 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

3-1; 3-2; 4-1; 6-1: Mixed metal oxide catalyst was prepared in its final form, according to methods described herein. In Examples 3-6, a portion of the catalyst was combined with a catalyst modifier and mixed in a dry state, by using a mechanical mixer.Catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor having a diameter of 1-inch. The reactor was charged with about 20 to about 45 g of particulate catalyst or catalyst mixture. Propane was fed into the reactor at a rate of about 0.05 to about 0.06 WWH (i.e., weight of propane/weight of catalyst/hour). Oxygen, ammonia, steam, and nitrogen were fed into the reactor. The oxygen and nitrogen feed ratios were as follows: O2 3.39/C3 1.0/N2 12.61. The steam (H2O) and ammonia (NH3) ratios are shown in Table 1. Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at about 2 to about 15 psig. Reaction temperatures were in the range of about 430 to about 460° C.Ammonia breakthrough was determined by titrating a sample of the reactor effluent via conventional titration techniques. Example No.3 was prepared by physically mixing a catalyst having the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support with 0.05 moles of Sb2O3. Example 3-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Examples 3-2 and 3-3 were run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperatures shown in Table 1; Example No.4 was prepared by physically mixing a catalyst having the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support with 0.1 moles of Sb2O3. Example 4-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Example 4-2 was run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperature shown in Table 1; Example No.6 was prepared by physically mixing a catalyst having the nominal composition: MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09On and including 45percent by weight silica support with 0.2 moles Sb2O3. Example 6-1 was run without steam in the feed gas mixture. Example 6-2 was run with steam in the feed gas mixture, at the temperature shown in Table 1. With Ni-Sb mixed oxides doped with vanadium; ammonia; oxygen

T=480°C; also propene ammoxidation; var. temp; Product distribution;

Cassidy; Pollastri; Trifiro

Journal of Catalysis, 1997 , vol. 172, # 1 p. 55 - 63 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Al1Ga0.1O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Al1In0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Al1Na0.05O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Al1Nb0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Al1O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Al1Ta1O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Ga0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Ge0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Nb0.5Ga0.2O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Nb0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Nb1.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Si1O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Sn0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Ti0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Y0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Zr2O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi2O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ;

Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Catalysts in Examples 1-26 were tested for propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile in a 1/4 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel, fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure, 500° C. and flow rate 50 mL/min. The feed consisted of 18percent C3H8, 8percent NH3, 15percent O2 and balance He. Contact time was varied by changing catalyst amount loaded to the reactor in the range from 1 to 2.5 cc. Catalyst was mixed with quartz chips to have total volume 5 cc. All reactants and reaction products were analyzed on line by gas chromatography. The results of testing catalysts under these conditions assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4. With ammonia; oxygen; VW2Bi1.6O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

T=420°C; P=760.051 Torr; Flow reactor; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; Hide Experimental Procedure

Andrushkevich, Tamara V.; Popova, Galina Y.; Chesalov, Yuriy A.; Ischenko, Evgeniya V.; Khramov, Mikhail I.; Kaichev, Vasily V.

Applied Catalysis A: General, 2015 , vol. 506, p. 109 - 117 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Catalytic tests

The catalytic tests were carried out at atmospheric pressure ina tubular flow fixed bed reactor (i.d. 12 mm; length 50 mm) with a coaxial thermocouple pocket (i.d. 4 mm). Samples (0.25–0.50 mmparticle size) were diluted with an inert material and charged in to the reactor. The reactor was kept in an air heated furnace. The temperature change along the furnace height was ±2 °C. The reactiontemperature was measured using a thermocouple placed in thethermocouple pocket directly in the catalyst bed. Before operation,the catalyst was heated in a helium flow to the required temperature.The catalysts were compared at a constant composition of the reaction mixture with a molar ratio C3H8/NH3/air = 1/1.2/15 at420C. Kinetic studies were performed at different reaction mixture compositions and contact times. The later was changed byvariation of the catalyst weight or the flow rate.

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Rx-ID: 26157968 Find similar reactions

94%

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in water

Wade; Panting

Journal of the Chemical Society, 1898 , vol. 73, p. 255 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

in water

frozen KCN/water mixture, aq. H2SO4 addn., N2 bubling, sulfuric acid evacuation, sulfuric acid dropping (stirring, 283 K); sublimation, druing (P2O5), distillation (N2 atmosphere);

Klahn; Krebs

Journal of Chemical Physics, 1998 , vol. 109, # 10 p. 3959 - 3970 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

drying of HCN over P2O5 and CaCl2, at 20°C;

Pauer, F.

Monatshefte fuer Chemie, 1931 , vol. 58, p. 1 - 11 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

in gas KCN reacted with H2SO4; HCN vapor trapped in cold trap;

Ronningen, Theodore J.; De Lucia, Frank C.

Journal of Chemical Physics, 2005 , vol. 122, # 18 art. no. 184319 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in water

Lindemann, H.

ratio of H2SO4:H2O = 1:1; addn. of dild. H2SO4 very slowly in drops;

Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1923 , vol. 431, p. 270 - 300 Full Text Show Details

Manicke, P.

Chemiker-Zeitung, 1926 , vol. 50, p. 333 - 334 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

in water

stirring (283 K); drying (sublimation, vac.), distillation;

Klahn; Krebs

Journal of Chemical Physics, 1998 , vol. 109, # 2 p. 531 - 542 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in sulfuric acid

with 50percent H2SO4; dried by passing over CaCl2 and P2O5;

Higashihara, Tetsuo; Saito, Ko; Murakami, Ichiro

Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1983 , vol. 87, # 19 p. 3707 - 3712 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in water

concd. aq. KCN soln. was added into a stirred 1:1 mixt. of concd. H2SO4and H2O maintained at 80 °C; HCN was swept out of the flask through a column filled with anhyd. CaCl2;

Guo, Jingzhong; Eng; Carrington, Tucker; Filseth

Journal of Chemical Physics, 2000 , vol. 112, # 20 p. 8904 - 8909 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in water

generated by addn. of aq. soln. of salt to H2SO4;

Rovnyak, David; Baldus, Marc; Itin, Boris A.; Bennati, Marina; Stevens, Andrew; Griffin, Robert G.

Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2000 , vol. 104, # 42 p. 9817 - 9822 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in not given mixing; vac. distn.;

Satoshi, Kudoh; Takayanagi, Masao; Nakata, Munetaka

Journal of Molecular Structure, 1997 , vol. 413-414, p. 365 - 369 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in sulfuric acid

aq. H2SO4; dropwise addition of diluted H2SO4 onto KCN (vac.); condensation; vac. distillation trough a column (P2O5 drying agent); fraction distillation;

Larsen, R. Wugt; Hegelund; Nelander

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2005 , vol. 109, # 20 p. 4459 - 4463 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in water

addn. of sulfuric acid to soln. of KCN in water;

Goethlich, Alexander P. V.; Tensfeldt, Marcus; Rothfuss, Helmut; Tauchert, Michael E.; Haap, Dagmar; Rominger, Frank; Hofmann, Peter

Organometallics, 2008 , vol. 27, # 10 p. 2189 - 2200 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in water

Kawasaki, Tsuneomi; Takamatsu, Naoya; Aiba, Shohei; Tokunaga, Yuji

Chemical Communications, 2015 , vol. 51, # 76 p. 14377 - 14380 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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With hydrogen iodide in tetrachloromethane

Kinetics; byproducts: I2; 0.001m soln., at room temp.;

Mooney, R. B.; Reid, H. G.

Journal of the Chemical Society, 1933 , p. 1318 - 1323 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D3, 6.2.6.6.7.3, page 259 - 260 Full Text Show Details

With hydrogen bromide in water

byproducts: I2, Br2;

Chattaway, F. D.; Wadmore, J. D.

Journal of the Chemical Society, 1902 , vol. 81, p. 191 - 203

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Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D3, 6.2.6.6.7.3, page 259 - 260 Full Text Show Details

With hydrogen iodide in water

byproducts: I2;

Chattaway, F. D.; Wadmore, J. D.

Journal of the Chemical Society, 1902 , vol. 81, p. 191 - 203 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D3, 6.2.6.6.7.3, page 259 - 260 Full Text Show Details

With methanol in acetonitrile

UV-irradiation; Kinetics;

Koyama, Daisuke; Coulter, Philip; Grubb, Michael P.; Greetham, Gregory M.; Clark, Ian P.; Orr-Ewing, Andrew J.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2015 , vol. 119, # 52 p. 12924 - 12934 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Rx-ID: 40318646 Find similar reactions

Pinto, Rui M.; Guerra, Mauro; Copeland, Grant; Olariu, Romeo I.; Rodrigues, Paula; Teresa Barros; Lourdes Costa; Dias, António A.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2015 , vol. 119, # 18 p. 4118 - 4126 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=1261.84°C; PyrolysisInert atmosphere;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 41115005 Find similar reactions

Stage #1: With helium; ammonia

Wang, Zhe-Chen; Cole, Callie A.; Demarais, Nicholas J.; Snow, Theodore P.; Bierbaum, Veronica M.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2015 , vol. 137, # 33 p. 10700 - 10709 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Stage #2: With O

T=24.84°C; Kinetics;

Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 700294 Find similar reactions

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T=510°C;

Burns; Jones; Ritchie

Journal of the Chemical Society, 1935 , p. 717 Full Text Show Details

With VO(C6H10NCH2N(CH3)CH(C6H2O(C4H9)2)2); oxygen in dichloromethane

Sakai, Yoshifumi; Mitote, Junko; Matsumoto, Kazuhiro; Katsuki, Tsutomu

Chemical Communications, 2010 , vol. 46, # 31 p. 5787 - 5789 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With potassium carbonate

3 h; Heating;

Butov; Mokhov; Burmistrov; Saad; Pitushkin

Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 50, # 9 p. 1276 - 1278 Zh. Org. Khim., 2014 , vol. 50, # 9 p. 1293 - 1295,3 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 37302640 Find similar reactions A: 6% B: 6.5% C: 31% D: 49%

Begue, Didier; Dargelos, Alain; Berstermann, Hans M.; Netsch, Klaus P.; Bednarek, Pawel; Wentrup, Curt

Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 79, # 3 p. 1247 - 1253 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=800°C; P=0.000375038 Torr;

Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 37302641 Find similar reactions

A: 9% B: 24% C: 10% D: 44%

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Begue, Didier; Dargelos, Alain; Berstermann, Hans M.; Netsch, Klaus P.; Bednarek, Pawel; Wentrup, Curt

Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 79, # 3 p. 1247 - 1253 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=550°C; P=0.000375038 Torr;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 37302642 Find similar reactions

A: 9% B: 31% C: 42%

Begue, Didier; Dargelos, Alain; Berstermann, Hans M.; Netsch, Klaus P.; Bednarek, Pawel; Wentrup, Curt

Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 79, # 3 p. 1247 - 1253 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=960°C; P=0.000375038 Torr;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 37302644 Find similar reactions

A: 12% B: 34% C: 75%

Begue, Didier; Dargelos, Alain; Berstermann, Hans M.; Netsch, Klaus P.; Bednarek, Pawel; Wentrup, Curt

Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 79, # 3 p. 1247 - 1253 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=900°C; P=7.50075E-05 - 0.000750075 Torr;

Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 37302646 Find similar reactions

A: 16% B: 48% C: 59%

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Begue, Didier; Dargelos, Alain; Berstermann, Hans M.; Netsch, Klaus P.; Bednarek, Pawel; Wentrup, Curt

Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 79, # 3 p. 1247 - 1253 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=840°C; P=7.50075E-05 - 0.000750075 Torr;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 37443500 Find similar reactions

With hydrogen sulfide

T=298°C; Photolysis; Reagent/catalyst;

Feng, Wenhui; Hershberger, John F.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2014 , vol. 118, # 5 p. 829 - 837 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 37443501 Find similar reactions

T=24.84°C; Photolysis;

Feng, Wenhui; Hershberger, John F.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2014 , vol. 118, # 5 p. 829 - 837 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Rx-ID: 37443502 Find similar reactions

Feng, Wenhui; Hershberger, John F.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2014 , vol. 118, # 5 p. 829 - 837 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=24.84°C; Photolysis;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 38082830 Find similar reactions

Zeng, Xiaoqing; Beckers, Helmut; Seifert, Jennifer; Banert, Klaus

European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 2014, # 19 p. 4077 - 4082 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=235°C; Inert atmospherePyrolysis; Temperature;

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Rx-ID: 38082832 Find similar reactions

Zeng, Xiaoqing; Beckers, Helmut; Seifert, Jennifer; Banert, Klaus

European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 2014, # 19 p. 4077 - 4082 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=382°C; Inert atmospherePyrolysis; Temperature;

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Rx-ID: 38249753 Find similar reactions

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Bowler, Jeannette T.; Wong, Freeman M.; Gronert, Scott; Keeffe, James R.; Wu, Weimings

Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 12, # 32 p. 6175 - 6180 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=25°C; KineticsMechanismThermodynamic data;

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Rx-ID: 38249758 Find similar reactions

Bowler, Jeannette T.; Wong, Freeman M.; Gronert, Scott; Keeffe, James R.; Wu, Weimings

Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 12, # 32 p. 6175 - 6180 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=25°C; KineticsMechanismThermodynamic data;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 38673873 Find similar reactions

Stage #1: T=620 - 700°C; PyrolysisIrradiation; Stage #2: With oxygen

T=-248.16 - -238.16°C; Mechanism;

Korte, Andre; Mardyukov, Artur; Sander, Wolfram

Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 67, # 8-9 p. 1324 - 1329 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 38673874 Find similar reactions

Korte, Andre; Mardyukov, Artur; Sander, Wolfram

Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 67, # 8-9 p. 1324 - 1329 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Stage #1: T=620 - 700°C; PyrolysisIrradiation; Stage #2: With oxygen

T=-248.16 - -238.16°C; Mechanism;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 38673875 Find similar reactions

Korte, Andre; Mardyukov, Artur; Sander, Wolfram

Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 67, # 8-9 p. 1324 - 1329 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Stage #1: T=620 - 700°C; PyrolysisIrradiation; Stage #2: With oxygen

T=-248.16 - -238.16°C; Mechanism;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 38673876 Find similar reactions

Stage #1: T=620 - 700°C; PyrolysisIrradiation; Stage #2: With oxygen

T=-248.16 - -238.16°C; Mechanism;

Korte, Andre; Mardyukov, Artur; Sander, Wolfram

Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 67, # 8-9 p. 1324 - 1329 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 38673877 Find similar reactions

Korte, Andre; Mardyukov, Artur; Sander, Wolfram

Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 67, # 8-9 p. 1324 - 1329 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Stage #1: T=620 - 700°C; PyrolysisIrradiation; Stage #2: With oxygen

T=-248.16 - -238.16°C; Mechanism;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 38673878 Find similar reactions

Korte, Andre; Mardyukov, Artur; Sander, Wolfram

Australian Journal of Chemistry, 2014 , vol. 67, # 8-9 p. 1324 - 1329 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Stage #1: T=620 - 700°C; PyrolysisIrradiation; Stage #2: With oxygen

T=-248.16 - -238.16°C; Mechanism;

Synthesize Find similar T=30 - 280°C; Pyrolysis; Activation energy;

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Rx-ID: 35144608 Find similar reactions

Ikram, Muhammad; Rehman, Sadia; Faridoon; Baker, Robert J.; Rehman, Hanif Ur; Khan, Ajmal; Choudhary, Muhammad Iqbal; -Rehman, Saeed-Ur

Thermochimica Acta, 2013 , vol. 555, p. 72 - 80 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Rx-ID: 35144613 Find similar reactions

Ikram, Muhammad; Rehman, Sadia; Faridoon; Baker, Robert J.; Rehman, Hanif Ur; Khan, Ajmal; Choudhary, Muhammad Iqbal; -Rehman, Saeed-Ur

Thermochimica Acta, 2013 , vol. 555, p. 72 - 80 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=30 - 880°C; Pyrolysis; Activation energy;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 35144637 Find similar reactions

With air T=30 - 480°C; Activation energy;

Ikram, Muhammad; Rehman, Sadia; Faridoon; Baker, Robert J.; Rehman, Hanif Ur; Khan, Ajmal; Choudhary, Muhammad Iqbal; -Rehman, Saeed-Ur

Thermochimica Acta, 2013 , vol. 555, p. 72 - 80 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 35144640 Find similar reactions

With air T=30 - 800°C; Activation energy;

Ikram, Muhammad; Rehman, Sadia; Faridoon; Baker, Robert J.; Rehman, Hanif Ur; Khan, Ajmal; Choudhary, Muhammad Iqbal; -Rehman, Saeed-Ur

Thermochimica Acta, 2013 , vol. 555, p. 72 - 80 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 36567475 Find similar reactions

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With β-glucosidase

Enzymatic reaction;

Jose, D. Amilan; Elstner, Martin; Schiller, Alexander

Chemistry - A European Journal, 2013 , vol. 19, # 43 p. 14451 - 14457 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 32572066 Find similar reactions

Caires, F. J.; Lima, L. S.; Carvalho, C. T.; Siqueira, A. B.; Treu-Filho, Oswaldo; Ionashiro, M.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2012 , vol. 107, p. 335 - 344 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: HNCO, HCONH2, N2O; heated in alumina crucibles with heating rate of 20°C/min to 1000°C; purge gas was air or N2 with a flow of 50 mL/min; gases released monitored by IR spectroscopy;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 32572067 Find similar reactions

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O, HCONH2, N2O; heated in alumina crucibles with heating rate of 20°C/min to 1000°C; purge gas was air or N2 with a flow of 50 mL/min; gases released monitored by IR spectroscopy;

Caires, F. J.; Lima, L. S.; Carvalho, C. T.; Siqueira, A. B.; Treu-Filho, Oswaldo; Ionashiro, M.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2012 , vol. 107, p. 335 - 344 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 32572068 Find similar reactions

Caires, F. J.; Lima, L. S.; Carvalho, C. T.; Siqueira, A. B.; Treu-Filho, Oswaldo; Ionashiro, M.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2012 , vol. 107, p. 335 - 344 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O, HNCO, N2O; heated in alumina crucibles with heating rate of 20°C/min to 1000°C; purge gas was air with a flow of 50 mL/min; gases released monitored by IR spectroscopy;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 32572069 Find similar reactions

Caires, F. J.; Lima, L. S.; Carvalho, C. T.; Siqueira, A. B.; Treu-Filho, Oswaldo; Ionashiro, M.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2012 , vol. 107, p. 335 - 344 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O, HCONH2, HCNO; heated in alumina crucibles with heating rate of 20°C/min to 1000°C; purge gas was N2 with a flow of 50 mL/min; gases released monitored by IR spectroscopy;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 32572070 Find similar reactions

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O, N2O; heated in alumina crucibles with heating rate of 20°C/min to 1000°C; purge gas was air with a flow of 50 mL/min; gases released monitored by IR spectroscopy;

Caires, F. J.; Lima, L. S.; Carvalho, C. T.; Siqueira, A. B.; Treu-Filho, Oswaldo; Ionashiro, M.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2012 , vol. 107, p. 335 - 344 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 32572072 Find similar reactions

Caires, F. J.; Lima, L. S.; Carvalho, C. T.; Siqueira, A. B.; Treu-Filho, Oswaldo; Ionashiro, M.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2012 , vol. 107, p. 335 - 344 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

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Rx-ID: 33162329 Find similar reactions

in gaseous matrix Irradiation (UV/VIS); prepn. by 193 nm photolysis and thermal annealing of ClCN in Xe matrix; not isolated; monitored vy IR spectroscopy;

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Arppe, Teemu; Khriachtchev, Leonid; Lignell, Antti; Domanskaya, Alexandra V.; Raesaenen, Markku

Inorganic Chemistry, 2012 , vol. 51, # 7 p. 4398 - 4402 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 34310434 Find similar reactions

T=-258.16°C; Inert atmosphereUV-irradiation;

Nunes, Claudio M.; Reva, Igor; Pinho E Melo, Teresa M. V. D.; Fausto, Rui

Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2012 , vol. 77, # 19 p. 8723 - 8732,10 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 34488496 Find similar reactions

Fellinger, Tim-Patrick; Su, Dang Sheng; Engenhorst, Markus; Gautam, Devendraprakash; Schloegl, Robert; Antonietti, Markus

Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012 , vol. 22, # 45 p. 23996 - 24005 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

PyrolysisInert atmosphere;

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Rx-ID: 30737584 Find similar reactions

A: 0%

Curley, John J.; Cozzolino, Anthony F.; Cummins, Christopher C.

Dalton Transactions, 2011 , vol. 40, # 11 p. 2429 - 2432 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in not given byproducts: (CH3)2C6H3NHC(CH3)3; treatment of molybdenum compd. with SnCl2 under vac.;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 32283164 Find similar reactions

in water

Kinetics; pH 4-7;

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Kalmar, Jozsef; Woldegiorgis, Kelemu L.; Biri, Bernadett; Ashby, Michael T.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011 , vol. 133, # 49 p. 19911 - 19921 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Rx-ID: 32283165 Find similar reactions

Kalmar, Jozsef; Woldegiorgis, Kelemu L.; Biri, Bernadett; Ashby, Michael T.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011 , vol. 133, # 49 p. 19911 - 19921 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in water

Kinetics; pH 4;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 5323487 Find similar reactions

With ACC oxidase; ascorbic acid powder in water; glycerol

T=26°C; Oxidation; pH=7.2; Enzymatic reaction; Product distribution; Further Variations:Reagents;

Serebryanyi; Binyukov; Kasparov; Tatarskaya; Kovarskii

Doklady Chemistry, 2000 , vol. 370, # 4-6 p. 36 - 38 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With FeIII(N,N′-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine)Cl; dihydrogen peroxide in water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide

T=25°C; 1.66667 h; Inert atmosphere; Kinetics;

Barath, Gabor; Kaizer, Jozsef; Pap, Jozsef Sandor; Speier, Gabor; El Bakkali-Taheri, Nadia; Simaan, A. Jalila

Chemical Communications, 2010 , vol. 46, # 39 p. 7391 - 7393 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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100%

With air in water

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Rx-ID: 26187527 Find similar reactions

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

pH=3; presence of Ni2+;

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

100%

With air in water

pH=6.5; presence of Zn2+;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

100%

With air in water

pH=7.5;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

Hide Details

50%

With air in water

pH=10;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

50%

With air in water

pH=4.5; presence of Ni2+;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

50%

With air in water

pH=8.5; presence of Zn2+;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With carbon dioxide

from moist KCN;

Naudin, L.; Montholon, F. de

Ber., 1876 , vol. 9, p. 1433 Full Text Show Details

Naudin, L.; Montholon, F. de

Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France, 1876 , vol. 26, p. 122 Full Text Show Details

With sulfuric acid

Harker, G.

J. Soc. Chem. Ind., London, Trans. Commun., 1921 , vol. 40, p. 182 Full Text Show Details

Liebig, J.

Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1842 , vol. 41, p. 289 Full Text Show Details

With sulfuric acid in sulfuric acid

according to E. Knoezinger, R. Wittenbeck, J. Chem. Phys. 80 (1984) 5979; drying (P2O5), vacuum distillation;

Khriachtchev, Leonid; Pettersson, Mika; Raesaenen, Markku

Chemical Physics Letters, 1998 , vol. 288, # 5-6 p. 727 - 733 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With sulfuric acid in not given pH=5-6; with dild. H2SO4;

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With phosphoric acid

addn. of concd. H3PO4 to KCN at room temp.; trapped in glass tube at -20°C, dried over phosphorus pentoxide;

Hack, W.; Rathmann, K.

Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1990 , vol. 94, # 10 p. 4155 - 4161 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

<90

With air in water

pH<0.4; presence of Cu2+;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With air in water

pH=11; presence of Zn2+;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With air in water

pH=12;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With air in water

pH=7; presence of Ni2+;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With air in water

pH=8.5; presence of Cu2+;

Namiki, H.; Matsumoto, M.

Kogyo Yosui, 1967 , p. 73 - 78 C.A., 1969 , vol. 70, p. 53436 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With air in water

with air (free from CO2);

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4

Adding KCN to concd. H2SO4;

Meot-Ner, Michael; Cybulski, S. M.; Scheiner, Steve; Liebman, Joel F.

Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1988 , vol. 92, # 10 p. 2738 - 2745 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With CO2

from moist KCN;

Gmelin Handbook: K: MVol.4, 4.2, page 882 - 888 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4

Gmelin Handbook: K: MVol.4, 4.2, page 882 - 888 Full Text Show Details

With H2SO4 in not given pH=5-6; with dild. H2SO4;

Schmidt, H.; Meinert, H.

Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1957 , vol. 293, p. 214 - 227 Full Text Show Details

With phosphoric acid in di-isopropyl ether; water

T=0°C; 0.333333 h;

Yosef; Elmasry; Ismael, Eman H. I.; Mahran

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2010 , vol. 53, # 5 p. 745 - 755 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

With air in water

with air (free from CO2);

Nandin, L.; Montholon, F. de

Ber. Deut. chem. Ges., 1876 , vol. 9, p. 1433 Full Text Show Details

With sulfuric acid in water

Whitesell, James K.; Minton, Mark A.; Flanagan, William G.

Tetrahedron, 1981 , vol. 37, # 25 p. 4451 - 4455 Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 29666421 Find similar reactions

A: 0% D: 0%

Chowdhury, Arindrajit; Thynell, Stefan T.

Thermochimica Acta, 2010 , vol. 505, # 1-2 p. 33 - 40 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: 1-methyl-1,2,3-triazole, CH3I; under N2 or Ar; heated at 290°C; detd. by IR and mass spectra;

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 29666424 Find similar reactions

Chowdhury, Arindrajit; Thynell, Stefan T.

Thermochimica Acta, 2010 , vol. 505, # 1-2 p. 33 - 40 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: 1-methyl-1,2,4-triazole, HNCO; under N2 or Ar; heated at 320°C; detd. by IR and mass spectra;

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Rx-ID: 29999505 Find similar reactions

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in water

Kinetics; byproducts: SO4(2-); Electrochem. Process; electrochem. oxidn. in galvanostatic mode with Pb/PbO2 anode, current densities of 500-1000 A/m**2, SCN(1-) concn. of 5.76 and 18.6 g/l; not isolated; detd. by argentometry;

Kenova; Kormienko; Drozdov

Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2010 , vol. 83, # 9 p. 1589 - 1592 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Synthesize Find similar Rx-ID: 28348523 Find similar reactions

A: 5.1% B: 16.6% C: 13.8% D: 40.7% E: 1.9% F: 3.3%

With ammonia; oxygen; germanium(IV) oxide

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 17 - 19 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

INEOS USA LLC

Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 29 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

4-1:

Example 4-1 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 4 was combined with 0.025 moles OfGeO2 per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 3.

A: 4.5% B: 14.1% C: 12.8% D: 40.9% E: 3.1% F: 2.6%

With ammonia; oxygen; di antimony tetraoxide

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 15 - 18 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

INEOS USA LLC

Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 28 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

3-8:

Example 3-8 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.1 moles of Sb2O4 per mole Mo. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2.

A: 5.1% B: 15.5% C: 14.1% D: 40.5% E: 2.2% F: 3.4%

With ammonia; oxygen; cerium (IV) oxide

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 17 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

INEOS USA LLC

Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 29 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

4-2:

Example 4-2 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 4 was combined with 0.025 moles of CeO2 per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 3. Hide Details

A: 5.4% B: 16% C: 11% D: 39.9% E: 1.2% F: 2.6%

With ammonia; oxygen; lithium hydroxide

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 16 - 19 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 28 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

3-10:

Example 3-10 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.04 moles of LiOH per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2. A: 4.1% B: 11.5% C: 9.8% D: 38.3% E: 2.6% F: 2.8%

With ammonia; oxygen; boric acid

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 16 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

INEOS USA LLC

Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 28 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

3-7:

Example 3-7 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.05 moles of H3BO3 per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2.

A: 3.8% B: 16.3% C: 15.2% D: 38.2% E: 2.7% F: 1.9%

With ammonia; oxygen; hexa-hydrogen telluric acid

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 16 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

INEOS USA LLC

Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 27-28 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

3-5:

Example 3-5 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.02 moles H6TeO6 per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2. A: 4.3% B: 14.7% C: 12.2% D: 38.9% E: 1.5% F: 2.3%

With ammonia; oxygen; Antimony(III) oxide

T=439 - 440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 16 - 94 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

INEOS USA LLC

Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 26-28 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

1-1; 3-1; 3-2; 3-3; 3-6:

Example 1-1 - The used catalyst of Comparative Example 1 was combined with fresh catalyst having the nominal composition MoVo2 iSbo.24Nbo.o9ψx in a ratio of 2/3 used catalyst to 1/3 fresh catalyst and also combined with Sb2O3 in an amount of 0.1 moles of Sb per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 1.; Example 3-1 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.05 moles of Sb2O3 per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2.; Example 3-2 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.1 moles of Sb2O3 per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2.; Example 3-3 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.2 moles of Sb2O3 per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2.; Example 3-6 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.1 moles of Sb2O3 per mole Mo. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. Catalyst performance after an extended time on-stream is summarized in Table 2. A: 5.7% B: 20.6% C: 15.2% D: 37.8% E: 1.1% F: 2.7%

With ammonia; oxygen; MoV0.3Sb0.2Nb0.08Ti0.1Ce0005Ox T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 17 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 29 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Comparative Example 4 - A catalyst was prepared having the nominal composition MoVojSbo^Nbo.osTio.iCeo.oosOx, and including 45 percent by weight silica support. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 3. A: 4.6% B: 19.8% C: 17.7% D: 37.8% E: 2% F: 2.4%

With ammonia; oxygen; Titanium(IV) oxide

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 26 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 27-28 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

3-4:

Example 3-4 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.02 moles of TiO2 per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2. A: 4.8% B: 15.7% C: 13.7% D: 34.5% E: 1.2% F: 2.5%

With ammonia; oxygen; Antimony(III) oxide; molybdenum(VI) oxide

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 16 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 26-27 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

2-2:

Example 2-2 - The used catalyst of Example 2-1 was combined with fresh catalyst having the nominal composition MoVo21Sbo.24Nbo.09Ox in a ratio of 2/3 used catalyst to 1/3 fresh catalyst and also combined with Sb2O3 in an amount of 0.1 moles ofSb per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 1. A: 4.7% B: 15.7% C: 13.2% D: 33.1% E: 1.6% F: 2.8%

With ammonia; oxygen; molybdenum(VI) oxide

T=440 - 441°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 16 - 18.5 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 26-27 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

2-1:

Example 2-1 - The used catalyst of Comparative Example 2 was combined with fresh catalyst having the nominal composition MoVo2 iSbo.24Nbo o9ψχ in a ratio of 2/3 used catalyst to 1/3 fresh catalyst and also combined with MoO3 in an amount of 0.02 moles of Mo per mole Mo in the base catalyst composition. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 1. A: 4.6% B: 14.3% C: 11.6% D: 32.9%

With ammonia; oxygen; MoV0.21Sb0.24Nb0.09Ox T=439 - 440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 16 - 22 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 26-27 ;

E: 1.7% F: 2%

Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

1; 2; 3:

Comparative Example 1 - A catalyst was prepared having the nominal composition: MoVo.2iSbo.24Nb0.o9ψx, and including 45 percent by weight silica support. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 1.; Comparative Example 2 - A catalyst was prepared having the same nominal composition as Comparative Example 1. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 1.; Comparative Example 3 - A catalyst was prepared having the nominal composition: MoVo2iSbo24Nt>oo9ψx, and including 45 percent by weight silica support. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2.

A: 2.9% B: 12.6% C: 16% D: 27.4% E: 9.1% F: 2.1%

With ammonia; oxygen; (NH4)2HPO4

T=440°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 15 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: WO2009/48553 A2, 2009 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 28 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

3-9:

Example 3-9 - The catalyst of Comparative Example 3 was combined with 0.05 moles of (NILO2HPO4 per mole Mo. The catalyst was evaluated in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. The results are shown in Table 2. A

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T=170°C;

Voelkel

Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1844 , vol. 62, p. 361,444 Full Text Show Details

With sodium citrate buffer in water

T=40°C; pH=5.5; Enzyme kinetics;

Ueatrongchit, Techawaree; Kayo, Ai; Komeda, Hidenobu; Asano, Yasuhisa; H-Kittikun, Aran

Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 2008 , vol. 72, # 6 p. 1513 - 1522 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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T=150°C; Reactivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

ChemIP B.V.

Patent: EP1878770 A1, 2008 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

EXAMPLE 1; In a closed three-litre reactor 157.14 g of PcCo(CN)2.Na, 24.88 gr of a 25percent NH3 solution in water and 934.2 g demineralised water was heated at 90°C under nitrogen. After 30 hours the reaction was stopped, the solid product formed was filtered, washed twice with demineralised water and dried for three days at 80°C under vacuum. The product was PcCo.(CN).(NH3) in a yield above 90percent. The gaseous products found at temperatures above 150°C were measured using Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Fourier Transformation-Infra-Red (FTIR) techniques: the products included NH3, HCN and (CN)2, but no H2O was found. From these data it was concluded that the product only contained the PcCo.(CN).(NH3) product. The product shows a high thermal stability: It was found that the product lost its NH3 ligand at about 250 °C. Elemental analysis of the product yielded C 64.25percent (theory 64.49); H 22.73percent (theory 22.80); N 3.06percent (theory 3.12); Co 9.52percent (theory 9.59). X-ray diffraction analysis showed a unit cell of comprising a = 0.739 +/- 0.001 nm, b = 2.462 +/- 0.002 nm; c = 0.733 +/- 0.001 nm; α = γ = 90°; β = 104.6 +/- 0.1 °. The average particle size was 340 +/- 40 nm. The powder conductivity measured between two steel electrodes under 5 bar pressure amounted to 1.4*10-3 S/cm. A

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Patent: EP1878770 A1, 2008 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 6 ;

T=40 - 300°C; Reactivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

EXAMPLE 2; 191 gr PcCo(CN)2.Na precursor in about 1 litre of demineralised water was heated in a closed 2 litre reactor for 24 hours at 95°C. The solid product produced was filtered off, washed twice with demineralised water and dried for three days under vacuum at 80°C. The yield was over 90percentwt. A sample of the solid product obtained was heated in nitrogen and in the absence of water between 40 and 300°C with a heating rate of 10°C/min while the mass of the sample was recorded. At temperatures above 150°C the product starts loosing its ligands, but the phthalocyanine ring itself does not decompose. The gaseous products found at temperatures above 150°C were measured using Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Fourier Transformation-Infra-Red (FTIR) techniques. The products were found to be NH3, H2O HCN and (CN)2. The latter products were formed from the cyano ligand. From these data it was concluded that the molar ratio of NH3 to H2O in the PcCo.(CN).(NH3/H2O) containing sample was about 30:70. X-Ray diffraction analysis of the product indicated a unit cell with a = 0.735 +/- 0.003 nm; b = 2.471 +/- 0.002 nm; c = 0.724 +/- 0.001 nm; α = γ = 90°; β = 104.1 +/- 0.1°. The average particle size was 270 +/- 30 nm. The powder conductivity was found to be 2.0 10-3 S/cm under the circumstances indicated in Example 1. A

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Crowther, Andrew C.; Carrier, Stacey L.; Preston, Thomas J.; Crim, F. Fleming

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008 , vol. 112, # 47 p. 12081 - 12089 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in further solvent(s) Kinetics; in 2-chlorobutane; not isolated, detected by IR;

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Crowther, Andrew C.; Carrier, Stacey L.; Preston, Thomas J.; Crim, F. Fleming

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008 , vol. 112, # 47 p. 12081 - 12089 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in further solvent(s) Kinetics; in 1-chlorobutane; not isolated, detected by IR;

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Crowther, Andrew C.; Carrier, Stacey L.; Preston, Thomas J.; Crim, F. Fleming

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008 , vol. 112, # 47 p. 12081 - 12089 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in dichloromethane

Kinetics; not isolated, detected by IR;

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in further solvent(s) Kinetics; in 1,4-dichlorobutane; not isolated, detected by IR;

Crowther, Andrew C.; Carrier, Stacey L.; Preston, Thomas J.; Crim, F. Fleming

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008 , vol. 112, # 47 p. 12081 - 12089 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Crowther, Andrew C.; Carrier, Stacey L.; Preston, Thomas J.; Crim, F. Fleming

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008 , vol. 112, # 47 p. 12081 - 12089 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in further solvent(s) Kinetics; in 2-chloropropane; not isolated, detected by IR;

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Crowther, Andrew C.; Carrier, Stacey L.; Preston, Thomas J.; Crim, F. Fleming

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008 , vol. 112, # 47 p. 12081 - 12089 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in chloroform

Kinetics; not isolated, detected by IR;

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in 1,2-dichloro-ethane

Kinetics; not isolated, detected by IR;

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Crowther, Andrew C.; Carrier, Stacey L.; Preston, Thomas J.; Crim, F. Fleming

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2008 , vol. 112, # 47 p. 12081 - 12089 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Samant, Vaishali; Hershberger, John F.

Chemical Physics Letters, 2008 , vol. 460, # 1-3 p. 64 - 67 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=24.84°C; Kinetics; Temperature;

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Samant, Vaishali; Hershberger, John F.

Chemical Physics Letters, 2008 , vol. 460, # 1-3 p. 64 - 67 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=24.84°C; Kinetics; Temperature;

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T=24.84°C; Kinetics; Temperature;

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Samant, Vaishali; Hershberger, John F.

Chemical Physics Letters, 2008 , vol. 460, # 1-3 p. 64 - 67 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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A: 4.2 5.6 %Chromat. B: 79.0 83.2 %Chromat. C: 1.2 1.9 %Chromat. D: 0.2 0.7 %Chromat. E: 1.7 2.3 %Chromat.

With ammonia; oxygen; promoted iron-bismuth-molybdenum catalyst of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,093,299 T=430°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 20 h; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Innovene USA LLC

Patent: US2007/260085 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

C1; C4; C10; C13; C22:

In order to illustrate the instant invention, samples of a base catalyst, with and without various catalyst modifiers, were prepared and then evaluated under similar reaction conditions. In each case, the molybdenum-based catalyst was a promoted iron-bismuth-molybdenum catalyst of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,093,299. The active phase of these catalysts contained no Na, Li or Rb, consequently the ratio of the M element(s) to Mo for the molybdenum based catalyst was zero. These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only. All testing was conducted in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. Propylene was feed into the reactor at a rate of 0.06 WWH (i.e. weight of propylene/weight of catalyst/hour). Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at 10 psig. Reaction temperature was 430° C. Samples of reaction products were collected after 20 hours, unless otherwise indicated. Reactor effluent was collected in bubble-type scrubbers containing cold HCl solution. Off-gas rate was measured with soap film meter, and the off-gas composition was determined at the end of the run with the aid of gas chromatograph fitted with a split column gas analyzer. At the end of the recovery run, the entire scrubber liquid was diluted to approximately 200 gms with distilled water. A weighted amount of 2-butanone was used as internal standard in a 50 grams aliquot of the dilute solution. A 2 μl sample was analyzed in a GC fitted with a flame ionization detector and a Carbowax column. The amount of NH3 was determined by titrating the free HCl excess with NaOH solution. The following examples are illustrative of our invention. In Tables 1-6, C3=is propylene, AN is acrylonitrile, and Aceto is acetonitrile. Example C1 is an equilibrated base catalyst. In Examples 2-3, a catalyst modifier was added to the base catalyst of Example C1 as a dry powder, in an amount of 0.5 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the catalyst and modifier. The rubidium and cesium modifiers resulted in increased yields of HCN and lower yields of acrylonitrile. Example C4 is an equilibrated base catalyst. Examples 5-9 were taken after various hours on stream after the catalyst modifier was added to the molybdenum-based catalyst of Example C4. As shown in Table 2, the addition of Na2MoO4 provided a rapid increase in HCN yield, and the HCN yield remained high after 363 hours onstream. Example C10 is an equilibrated base catalyst. In Examples 11-12, 0.33 percent by weight catalyst modifier, based upon the total weight of the molybdenum-based catalyst and modifier, was added to the base catalyst of Example C10. As shown in Table 3, the yield of HCN increased, and the yield of acrylonitrile decreased. Example C13 is an equilibrated molybdenum-based catalyst. Example 14 contains the molybdenum-based catalyst of Example C13, and 0.33 percent by weight catalyst modifier, based on the total weight of catalyst and modifier. Lastly, while it has been shown in the above examples that the addition of the molybdate modifier will result in increased yields of HCN and lower yields of acrylonitrile, this effect is reversible by the addition of a molybdenum oxide (e.g. MoO3, ammonium heptamolybdate). This is shown in Table 6 below. In Table 6, Example C22 is the equilibrated molybdenum-based catalyst. Example 23 contains the molybdenum-based catalyst of Example C22, and 0.33 percent by weight catalyst modifier, based on the total weight of catalyst and modifier. Example 24 contains the molybdenum-based catalyst and catalyst modifier of Example 23, and 0.33 percent by weight MoO3, based on the total weight of catalyst, modifier MoO3.

A: 6.2 %Chromat. B: 80.0 %Chromat. C: 1.1 %Chromat. D: 0.2 %Chromat. E: 2.3 %Chromat.

With ammonia; oxygen; lithium polymolybdate

T=430°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 20 h; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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12:

A: 5.6 %Chromat. B: 82.8 %Chromat. C: 1.5 %Chromat. D: 0.1 %Chromat. E: 1.6 %Chromat.

With ammonia; oxygen; Na2MoO4; molybdenum(VI) oxide

T=430°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 20 h; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: US2007/260085 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

24:

Propylene was feed into the reactor at a rate of 0.06 WWH (i.e. weight of propylene/weight of catalyst/hour). Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at 10 psig. Reaction temperature was 430° C. Samples of reaction products were collected after 20 hours, unless otherwise indicated. Reactor effluent was collected in bubble-type scrubbers containing cold HCl solution. Off-gas rate was measured with soap film meter, and the off-gas composition was determined at the end of the run with the aid of gas chromatograph fitted with a split column gas analyzer. At the end of the recovery run, the entire scrubber liquid was diluted to approximately 200 gms with distilled water. A weighted amount of 2-butanone was used as internal standard in a 50 grams aliquot of the dilute solution. A 2 μl sample was analyzed in a GC fitted with a flame ionization detector and a Carbowax column. The amount of NH3 was determined by titrating the free HCl excess with NaOH solution. The following examples are illustrative of our invention. In Tables 1-6, C3=is propylene, AN is acrylonitrile, and Aceto is acetonitrile. Lastly, while it has been shown in the above examples that the addition of the molybdate modifier will result in increased yields of HCN and lower yields of acrylonitrile, this effect is reversible by the addition of a molybdenum oxide (e.g. MoO3, ammonium heptamolybdate). This is shown in Table 6 below. In Table 6, Example C22 is the equilibrated molybdenum-based catalyst. Example 23 contains the molybdenum-based catalyst of Example C22, and 0.33 percent by weight catalyst modifier, based on the total weight of catalyst and modifier. Example 24 contains the molybdenum-based catalyst and catalyst modifier of Example 23, and 0.33 percent by weight MoO3, based on the total weight of catalyst, modifier MoO3. Hide Details

A: 6.5 %Chromat. B: 77.9 %Chromat. C: 1.0 %Chromat. D: 0.3 %Chromat. E: 1.9 %Chromat.

With ammonia; oxygen; potassium polymolybdate

T=430°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 20 h; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: US2007/260085 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

14:

With ammonia; oxygen; Na2MoO4

T=430°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 2.4 - 363 h; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Innovene USA LLC

Patent: US2007/260085 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 11; 23:

In order to illustrate the instant invention, samples of a base catalyst, with and without various catalyst modifiers, were prepared and then evaluated under similar reaction conditions. In each case, the molybdenum-based catalyst was a promoted iron-bismuth-molybdenum catalyst of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,093,299. The active phase of these catalysts contained no Na, Li or Rb, consequently the ratio of the M element(s) to Mo for the molybdenum based catalyst was zero. These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only. All testing was conducted in a 40 cc fluid bed reactor. Propylene was feed into the reactor at a rate of 0.06 WWH (i.e. weight of propylene/weight of catalyst/hour). Pressure inside the reactor was maintained at 10 psig. Reaction temperature was 430° C. Samples of reaction products were collected after 20 hours, unless otherwise indicated. Reactor effluent was collected in bubble-type scrubbers containing cold HCl solution. Off-gas rate was measured with soap film meter, and the off-gas composition was determined at the end of the run with the aid of gas chromatograph fitted with a split column gas analyzer. At the end of the recovery run, the entire scrubber liquid was diluted to approximately 200 gms with distilled water. A weighted amount of 2-butanone was used as internal standard in a 50 grams aliquot of the dilute solution. A 2 μl sample was analyzed in a GC fitted with a flame ionization detector and a Carbowax column. The amount of NH3 was determined by titrating the free HCl excess with NaOH solution. The following examples are illustrative of our invention. In Tables 1-6, C3=is propylene, AN is acrylonitrile, and Aceto is acetonitrile. Example C4 is an equilibrated base catalyst. Examples 5-9 were taken after various hours on stream after the catalyst modifier was added to the molybdenum-based catalyst of Example C4. As shown in Table 2, the addition of Na2MoO4 provided a rapid increase in HCN yield, and the HCN yield remained high after 363 hours onstream. Example C10 is an equilibrated base catalyst. In Examples 11-12, 0.33 percent by weight catalyst modifier, based upon the total weight of the molybdenum-based catalyst and modifier, was added to the base catalyst of Example C10. As shown in Table 3, the yield of HCN increased, and the yield of acrylonitrile decreased. Lastly, while it has been shown in the above examples that the addition of the molybdate modifier will result in increased yields of HCN and lower yields of acrylonitrile, this effect is reversible by the addition of a molybdenum oxide (e.g. MoO3, ammonium heptamolybdate). This is shown in Table 6 below. In Table 6, Example C22 is the equilibrated molybdenum-based catalyst. Example 23 contains the molybdenum-based catalyst of Example C22, and 0.33 percent by weight catalyst modifier, based on the total weight of catalyst and modifier. Example 24 contains the molybdenum-based catalyst and catalyst modifier of Example 23, and 0.33 percent by weight MoO3, based on the total weight of catalyst, modifier MoO3. A: 7.2 %Chromat. B: 78.3 %Chromat. C: 1.0 %Chromat. D: 0.3 %Chromat. E: 1.5 %Chromat.

With ammonia; oxygen; rubidium molybdate

T=430°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 20 h; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Patent: US2007/260085 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

With ammonia; oxygen; caesium molybdate

T=430°C; P=1277.21 Torr; 20 h; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

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Stepanov; Kruglyakova; Astakhov

Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2007 , vol. 77, # 7 p. 1293 - 1299 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in various solvent(s) T=200°C; Kinetics; Further Variations:SolventsTemperatures;

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Stepanov; Kruglyakova; Astakhov

Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2007 , vol. 77, # 7 p. 1293 - 1299 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in various solvent(s) T=200°C; Kinetics; Further Variations:SolventsTemperatures;

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Stepanov; Kruglyakova; Astakhov

Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2007 , vol. 77, # 7 p. 1293 - 1299 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in various solvent(s) T=200°C; Kinetics; Further Variations:SolventsTemperatures;

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Stepanov; Kruglyakova; Astakhov

Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2007 , vol. 77, # 7 p. 1293 - 1299 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in various solvent(s) T=200°C; Kinetics; Further Variations:SolventsTemperatures;

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With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.5Bi1.6O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6B0.5O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

assumed to be standard are presented in Table 4.

With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Mg0.05O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

With ammonia; oxygen; VW0.8Bi1.6Na0.05O(x) T=500°C; P=760.051 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2007/123730 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

With carbon dioxide; ammonia; oxygen; VSb9Al6W0.06Mo0.05O(x)

T=475 - 500°C; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2006/69279 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 2-3 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

1; 2; 3:

EXAMPLES 1-3 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Catalyst of Nominal Composition V1Sb9Al6W0.06Mo0.05Ox ; 34.3 g of Al(NO3)3.9H2O were dissolved in 270 ml of deionized water at room temperature. The pH was adjusted to 8.0 by the addition of 30 Wt. percent NH4OH to obtain a white gel. 30.8 g of SbCl3 were placed in a 300 ml of deionized water and stirred vigorously for 30 minutes to obtain a milky-white suspension. 1.75 g of NH4VO3 dissolved at 80° C. in 75 ml of water was added to the suspension. Then 30percent NH4OH was added dropwise to the suspension while vigorously stirring to adjust the pH to 8.0. The resultant brown-green suspension was added to the previously prepared aluminum gel at pH 8.0 and stirred for an hour. The precipitate was filtered and squeezed into a light gray-green cake. The paste-like material was transferred to a porcelain dish, dried and calcined in air under the following conditions: room temperature to 120° C. at 5° C./min, held for 5 hours, temperature increased to 430° C. at 20° C./min, held for 4 hours, temperature increased to 650° C. at 20° C./min and held for 6.5 hours. The calcined material was cooled down and ground to a fine powder of base material. 10 g of base material were immersed in a clear mixed solution of ammonium paramolybdate and ammonium tungstate prepared by dissolving 0.051 g (NH4)6Mo7O24 and 0.086 g (NH4)2WO4 in 10 ml of deionized water at 80° C. Under constant stirring and heating on a hot plate, the water was evaporated until a freeflowing green powder was obtained. The green powder was dried at 120° C. for 5 hours followed by calcination at 430° C. for 4 hours and at 650° C. for 4.5 hours. The catalyst thus obtained was pressed, crushed and sieved to 18-30 mesh. 3.8 cc of the catalyst mixed with 8.2 cc of quartz chips were loaded in a 1/2 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel fixed bed reactor and tested for the ammoxidation of propane at atmospheric pressure, at 475° C. and 500° C. and at a flow rate of 200 m/min. The feed was 23percent C3H8, 10percent NH3, 27percent O2 and 0, 10, 20 and 40 mole percent of carbon dioxide (Comparative Example 1, Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3) with the balance He. Reaction products were analyzed by on-line gas chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1 where T, τ and ACN denote reaction temperature, contact time and acrylonitrile, respectively.

With carbon dioxide; ammonia; oxygen; VSb9Al6B0.8W0.06Ga0.05O(x)

T=475 - 500°C; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2006/69279 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 2-4 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

4; 5; 6:

EXAMPLES 4-6 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 Catalyst of Nominal Composition V1Sb9Al6B0.8W0.06Ga0.05Ox ; The base material was prepared as in Example 1 above. A clear solution of boric acid and ammonium tungstate was prepared by dissolving and mixing 0.554 g H3BO3 and 0.191 g (NH4)2WO4 in 10 ml of deionized water at 80° C. 10 g of the base material was immersed in the clear solution. Under constant stirring and heating on a hot plate, the water was evaporated until a freeflowing powder was obtained. 0.143 g of gallium nitrate dissolved in 5 ml of deionized water was mixed with the powder. The water was evaporated as above to obtain a green powder. The green powder was dried at 120° C. for 5 hours followed by calcination at 430° C. for 4 hours and at 650° C. for 4.5 hours. After cooling, the catalyst thus obtained was pressed, crushed and sieved to 18-30 mesh. 3 cc of the catalyst mixed with 9 cc of quartz chips were loaded in a 1/2 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel fixed bed reactor and tested for the ammoxidation of propane at atmospheric pressure, at 475° C. and 500° C. and at a flow rate of 100-130 ml/min. The feed was 23percent C3H8, 10percent NH3, 27percent O2 and 0, 10, 20 and 40 mole percent of carbon dioxide (Comparative Example 2, Example 4, Example 5 and Example 6) with the balance He. Reaction products were analyzed by on-line gas chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1 where T, τ and ACN denote reaction temperature, contact time and acrylonitrile, respectively.

With carbon dioxide; ammonia; oxygen; VSb10Mg3W0.05O(x)

T=475 - 500°C; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2006/69279 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 2-4 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

7; 8; 9:

EXAMPLES 7-9 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 Catalyst of Nominal Composition V1Sb10Mg3W0.05Ox ; 5.27 g of NH4VO3 were dissolved in 200 ml of deionized water at 80° C. and 65.5 g of Sb2O3 were dissolved in 280 ml diluted nitric acid with a HNO3 to H2O volume ratio of 1:3. The antimony oxide solution was added to the ammonium metavanadate solution and the heat was turned off. After stirring the mixture for 30 minutes, the pH was adjusted to 8.0 by adding dropwise a 30percent solution of ammonium hydroxide which caused a color change in the solution from green to brown. 35.2 g of Mg(NO3)2.6H2O were dissolved in 530 ml of deionized water and 30percent NH4OH was added dropwise with stirring to adjust pH to 10. This solution was mixed with the solution containing the antimony and vanadium compounds and the resulting mixture was heated on a hot plate with stirring until the solvent evaporated to give a thick slurry. The slurry was heated in an oven at 120° C. for 24 hours to produce dried base material. 0.51 g of (NH4)2WO4 was dissolved in 100 ml of deionized water. 72.8 g of the base material were immersed in the ammonium tungstate solution. The mixture was stirred in an uncovered ceramic dish with heating to evaporate the water. When the mixture could no longer be stirred, it was dried overnight in an oven at 120° C. after which it was transferred to a muffle furnace with flowing air with the temperature being increased at 5° C./min to 100° C., then at 0.9° C./min to 800° C. and held at this temperature for 3 hours for calcination. The calcined catalyst was cooled, pressed and sieved to collect the 18-30 mesh particles. 3.2 cc of the catalyst mixed with 8.8 cc of quartz chips were loaded in a 1/2 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel fixed bed reactor and tested for the ammoxidation of propane at atmospheric pressure, at 475° C. and 500° C. and at a flow rate of 100 ml/min. The feed was 23percent C3H8, 10percent NH3, 27percent O2 and 0, 10, 20 and 40 mole percent of carbon dioxide (Comparative Example 3, Example 7, Example 8 and Example 9) with the balance He. Reaction products were analyzed by on-line gas chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1 where T, τ and ACN denote reaction temperature, contact time and acrylonitrile, respectively.

With carbon dioxide; ammonia; oxygen; VSb1.4Sn0.2Ti0.1O(x)

T=475 - 500°C; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

10; 11; 12:

EXAMPLES 10-12 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4 Catalyst of nominal composition V Sb

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2006/69279 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 3-4 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

O ; A 1 L beaker was placed in an oil bath and equipped with a magnetic stir bar. 450 ml of deionized water and 50 ml of 30 wt percent of H O were added to the beaker. 13.67 g of V O were added to the solution with stirring for approximately 30 minutes during which the solution turned from orange to dark red in color. 30.66 g of Sb O and 1.21 g of TiO were added to the solution. The beaker was covered with a watch glass and the solution was boiled for 3 hours during which deionized water

1.4

0.2 0.1 x

2 2

2 5

2 3

was added as necessary to keep the volume of solution constant and the color of the solution changed from golden yellow to bright yellow to olive green and to black. 9.18 g Sn (II) tartrate were added to the solution. The mixture was boiled down until a paste remained. The paste was dried overnight in an oven at 120° C., crushed and calcined in a muffle furnace with air flow. The temperature was raised to 100° C. at 5° C./min and then to 325° C. at 2° C./min, held for 1 hour, increased to 650° C. at 2° C./min and held for 8 hours. The catalyst was pressed, sieved to 18-30 mesh and placed back in the muffle furnace in a flow of air. The temperature was raised to 600° C. at 10° C./min, to 820° C. at 2° C./min, held at 820° C. for 3 hours, cooled to 650° C. at 10° C./min and held for 3 hours. The calcined catalyst was placed in a filter funnel with a quartz frit and rinsed with 6.25 ml isobutanol/g. This wash was repeated twice more after which the catalyst was placed in an oven and dried at 120° C. 3 cc of the catalyst mixed with 9 cc of quartz chips were loaded in a 1/2 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel fixed bed reactor and tested for the ammoxidation of propane at atmospheric pressure, at 475° C. and 500° C. and at a flow rate of 60 ml/min. The feed was 23percent C3H8, 10percent NH3, 27percent O2 and 0, 10, 20 and 40 mole percent of carbon dioxide (Comparative Example 4, Example 10, Example 11 and Example 12) with the balance He. Reaction products were analyzed by on-line gas chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1 where T, τ and ACN denote reaction temperature, contact time and acrylonitrile, respectively.

With ammonia; oxygen; VSb9Al6W0.06Mo0.05O(x)

T=475 - 500°C; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2006/69279 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 2-3 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

With ammonia; oxygen; VSb9Al6B0.8W0.06Ga0.05O(x)

T=475 - 500°C; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2006/69279 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 2-4 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

With ammonia; oxygen; VSb10Mg3W0.05O(x)

T=475 - 500°C; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2006/69279 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 2-4 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

With ammonia; oxygen; VSb1.4Sn0.2Ti0.1O(x)

T=475 - 500°C; Product distribution / selectivity; Hide Experimental Procedure

Saudi Basic Industries Corporation

Patent: US2006/69279 A1, 2006 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 3-4 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

EXAMPLES 10-12 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4 Catalyst of nominal composition V1Sb1.4Sn0.2Ti0.1Ox ; 1 L beaker was placed in an oil bath and equipped with a magnetic stir bar. 450 ml of deionized water and 50 ml of 30 wt percent of H2O2 were added to the beaker. 13.67 g of V2O5 were added to the solution with stirring for approximately 30 minutes during which the solution turned from orange to dark red in color. 30.66 g of Sb2O3 and 1.21 g of TiO2 were added to the solution. The beaker was covered with a watch glass and the solution was boiled for 3 hours during which deionized water was added as necessary to keep the volume of solution constant and the color of the solution changed from golden yellow to bright yellow to olive green and to black. 9.18 g Sn (II) tartrate were added to the solution. The mixture was boiled down until a paste remained. The paste was dried overnight in an oven at 120° C., crushed and calcined in a muffle furnace with air flow. The temperature was raised to 100° C. at 5° C./min and then to 325° C. at 2° C./min, held for 1 hour, increased to 650° C. at 2° C./min and held for 8 hours. The catalyst was pressed, sieved to 18-30 mesh and placed back in the muffle furnace in a flow of air. The temperature was raised to 600° C. at 10° C./min, to 820° C. at 2° C./min, held at 820° C. for 3 hours, cooled to 650° C. at 10° C./min and held for 3 hours. The calcined catalyst was placed in a filter funnel with a quartz frit and rinsed with 6.25 ml isobutanol/g. This wash was repeated twice more after which the catalyst was placed in an oven and dried at 120° C. 3 cc of the catalyst mixed with 9 cc of quartz chips were loaded in a 1/2 inch I.D. silica-coated stainless steel fixed bed reactor and tested for the ammoxidation of propane at atmospheric pressure, at 475° C. and 500° C. and at a flow rate of 60 ml/min. The feed was 23percent C3H8, 10percent NH3, 27percent O2 and 0, 10, 20 and 40 mole percent of carbon dioxide (Comparative Example 4, Example 10, Example 11 and Example 12) with the balance He. Reaction products were analyzed by on-line gas chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1 where T, τ and ACN denote reaction temperature, contact time and acrylonitrile, respectively.

Rx-ID: 25667242

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With iron(II) sulfate in water

T=70°C; 0.75 h; Hide Experimental Procedure

Solvay Pharmaceuticals GmbH

Patent: US2007/82876 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 29 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

b.2.3:

20-Cyano-20-hydroxy-9β,10α-pregna-4-ene-3,20-dione [XI-H](9β,10α-progesterone 20 cyanohydrine); In step b, the 9β,10α-pregna-4-ene-3,20-dione (X-H) is reacted with HCN to produce the corresponding 20-cyano-20-hydroxy compound of formula XI-H. Apparatus: A 500 ml three-necked flask with mechanical stirrer, internal thermometer, two-neck attachment, dropping funnel and gas discharge tap is prepared with 5 downstream connected wash bottles (1.x. empty, 1.x. filled with CaCl2, 1.x. empty, 1.x. conc. KOH and finally alkaline H2O2 solution; for absorbing and breaking down excess HCN). On top of the dropping funnel, which has a shut-off tap in the pressure equalisation tube, there is fitted a straight adaptor with a jacketed coil condenser on top. Three additional wash bottles (1.x. empty, 1.x. conc. KOH and 1.x. alkaline H2O2 solution), which can be shut off by a tap, are connected to the suction port of the adaptor. A tube for feeding HCN gas is connected via a ground glass connector at the upper end of the jacketed coil condenser. The three-necked flask is fastened in the cooling bath of a circulating condenser; the circulating pump passes cooling liquid through the jacketed coil condenser. The hydrogen cyanide gas is evolved in a 1 l three-necked flask. The flask is placed in a water bath, which is heatable by a magnetic stirrer. Fitted thereon are a dropping funnel (with a gas inlet for argon) and a downwardly inclined (uncooled) distillation bridge. The receiver consists of a 250 ml round-bottomed flask with adaptor, the suction port of which is connected to three further wash bottles connected in series and filled with glass wool and calcium chloride for drying the HCN gas. The receiver and the wash bottles are kept at a temperature of approximately 50° C. in a water bath in order to prevent condensation of the HCN. A tube leads from the final wash bottle to the top of the above described jacketed coil condenser in which hydrogen cyanide is subsequently condensed. All joints are clamped/wired and so secured against being unintentionally loosened. The two outlets from the apparatus (downstream from the series of five wash bottles and downstream from the series of three wash bottles) are passed directly into the fume hood; a gas mask is kept at hand. Reaction: 1.) Initially, 35 g (111 mmol) of 9β,10α-progesterone were introduced into the 500 ml three-necked flask and suspend in 425 ml of MeOH. The mixture was stirred at RT for 30 min, thereby providing an inert argon atmosphere in the entire apparatus, and then cooled down to approximately -5° C. (under a gentle stream of argon). 4.7 ml of triethylamine (33 mmol) were added to the suspension. 2.) 50 ml of water were introduced into the 1 l three-necked flask, 104 g of conc. H2SO4 (95percent; 1.0 mol) and 0.6 g of iron(II)sulfate were added, and the water bath was adjusted to 70° C. Then the dropping funnel was charged with a solution of 82 g of sodium cyanide (1.67 mol) in 140 ml of water. 3.) The coolant circulating pump was switched on and the jacketed coil condenser cooled down for condensation of the HCN gas. The HCN evolving by slow dropwise addition of the cyanide solution to the 1 l three-necked flask condensed after some time in the jacketed coil condenser and dripped into the dropping funnel above the 500 ml flask (after approximately 45 min, 58 ml liquid HCN were obtained). Argon was cautiously injected to transport any residual HCN in the apparatus to the jacketed coil condenser. 4.) Then, the liquid HCN was added dropwise over 15 min to the stirred 9β,10α-progesterone suspension. Once the temperature has equalised, the reaction mixture was stirred at -8 to -3° C. for 2 d. The progress of the reaction was controlled by TLC analysis (CHCl3/MeOH 95:5 (vol.:vol.); educt Rf: approx. 0.7; product Rf: approx. 0.5). Work up: The apparatus was flushed with argon in order to drive HCN residues into the wash bottles. The dropping funnel above the 500 ml flask was filled with 100 ml of diluted sulfuric acid, which was added dropwise to the reaction mixture for 2 h, whereby excess HCN was driven in the gentle stream of argon into the wash bottles. The reaction mixture was then added to 1 l of precooled (5° C.) DCM, and the final gas residues were removed by bubbling with argon. The phases were separated and the aq. phase is extracted with cold DCM (2.x.200 ml). The combined organic phases were washed (acidified ice-water, 2.x.200 ml). After drying (Na2SO4) and removal of the solvent under vacuum, 38.1 g of (XI-H) in the form of yellowish crystals were obtained (100percent yield). A

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Glen Macdonald

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2007 , vol. 9, # 31 p. 4301 - 4314 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

T=19.84°C; Kinetics;

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in gas Kinetics; in O2 (4 Torr); IR;

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Feng, Wenhui; Hershberger, John F.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2007 , vol. 111, # 19 p. 3831 - 3835 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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in neat (no solvent) heating to the melting point of stearic acid (67-72 °C);

Yeom, Young Hoon; Li, Meijun; Sachtler, Wolfgang M.H.; Weitz, Eric

Journal of Catalysis, 2007 , vol. 246, # 2 p. 413 - 427 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in neat (no solvent) heating (vac., 100°C), trapping gaseous product in a bulb (77 K);

Kreher, Christoph; Theinl, Robert; Gericke, Karl-Heinz

Journal of Chemical Physics, 1996 , vol. 104, # 12 p. 4481 - 4489 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in neat (no solvent) mixt. vac. heating to ca. 100°C;

Kreher, Christoph; Rinnenthal, Jan Leo; Gericke, Karl-Heinz

Journal of Chemical Physics, 1998 , vol. 108, # 8 p. 3154 - 3167 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Bucher, Christine R.; Lehmann, Kevin K.

Chemical Physics Letters, 1998 , vol. 294, # 1-3 p. 173 - 180 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in neat (no solvent) org. compd.:KCN=2:1; heating; FTIR;

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in water

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Ziegler, K.

Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges., 1921 , vol. 54, p. 110 - 112 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O; distillation over CaCl2 and P2O5;

Kreher, Christoph; Theinl, Robert; Gericke, K.-H.

Journal of Chemical Physics, 1995 , vol. 103, # 20 p. 8901 - 8909 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in sulfuric acid

concd. acid added to NaCN;

Liu, Yueh-Ling; Takahashi, Masao; Kobayashi, Hikaru

Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2007 , vol. 154, # 1 p. H16-H19

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in water

dropwise addn. of concd. H2SO4 onto NaCN mixed with H2O;; drying by vac. distn. through P2O5 column;;

Maroncelli, M.; Hopkins, G. A.; Nibler, J. W.; Dyke, T. R.

Journal of Chemical Physics, 1985 , vol. 83, # 5 p. 2129 - 2146 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in water

generated by addn. of aq. soln. of salt to H2SO4;

Rovnyak, David; Baldus, Marc; Itin, Boris A.; Bennati, Marina; Stevens, Andrew; Griffin, Robert G.

Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2000 , vol. 104, # 42 p. 9817 - 9822 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in sulfuric acid

aq. H2SO4; prepn. by dropwise addition of diluted H2SO4 onto NaCN in vac.; condensation; HCN dried by vac. distn. through colomn (P2O5); impuritiesremoved by fractional distn.;

Wugt Larsen; Hegelund; Nelander

Chemical Physics, 2005 , vol. 310, # 1-3 p. 163 - 167 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Singh, Pradeep N. D.; Mandel, Sarah M.; Sankaranarayanan, Jagadis; Muthukrishnan, Sivaramakrishnan; Chang, Mingxin; Robinson, Rachel M.; Lahti, Paul M.; Ault, Bruce S.; Gudmundsdottir, Anna D.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2007 , vol. 129, # 51 p. 16263 - 16272 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in solid matrix byproducts: C6H5COCH3; Irradiation (UV/VIS); irradiation at 325 nm of azide deriv. in Ar matrix at 14 K for 11 h; IR monitoring;

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Singh, Pradeep N. D.; Mandel, Sarah M.; Sankaranarayanan, Jagadis; Muthukrishnan, Sivaramakrishnan; Chang, Mingxin; Robinson, Rachel M.; Lahti, Paul M.; Ault, Bruce S.; Gudmundsdottir, Anna D.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2007 , vol. 129, # 51 p. 16263 - 16272 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in solid matrix byproducts: C6H5COC(2)H2H; Irradiation (UV/VIS); irradiation at 325 nm of azide deriv. in Ar matrix at 14 K for 11 h; IR monitoring;

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Feng, Wenhui; Hershberger, John F.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2007 , vol. 111, # 19 p. 3831 - 3835 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in gas Kinetics; in O2 (4 Torr); IR;

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C: 0% D: 0%

in water

pyrolysis of mist of 0.05 M aq. sucrose and 0.05 M Ni-salt at 873-973 K under Ar, stainless steel reactor, electric heater; gas stream after the reaction was collected in H2O, sepd. by a magnet, both portions were filtered off, washed with H2O, dried at 343 K overnight; Ni was formed as Ni-C composite (9:1, wt/wt);

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Kashiwagi, Takeshi; Suzuki, Hiroe; Nina, Masashi; Nishiguchi, Hiroyasu; Nagaoka, Katsutoshi; Takita, Yusaku

Chemistry Letters, 2007 , vol. 36, # 6 p. 756 - 757 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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B: 0% C: 0%

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in water

pyrolysis of mist of 0.05 M aq. sucrose and 0.05 M Ni-salt at 1073 K under Ar, stainless steel reactor, electric heater; gas stream after the reaction was collected in H2O, sepd. by a magnet, both portions were filtered off, washed with H2O, dried at 343 K overnight; Ni was formed as Ni-C (9:1) composite;

Kashiwagi, Takeshi; Suzuki, Hiroe; Nina, Masashi; Nishiguchi, Hiroyasu; Nagaoka, Katsutoshi; Takita, Yusaku

Chemistry Letters, 2007 , vol. 36, # 6 p. 756 - 757 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Kueppers, Torsten; Bernhardt, Eduard; Lehmann, Christian W.; Willner, Helge

Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 2007 , vol. 633, # 10 p. 1666 - 1672 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in neat (no solvent) byproducts: [B(CN)3]x; heated at 190-200°C under vacuum;

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Bredig; Eloed; Demme

Zeitschrift fuer Elektrochemie und Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, 1930 , vol. 36, p. 1002 Full Text Show Details

other Radiation; in nuclear reactor; yield of HCN depends on stream speed;

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

Gudkov, B. S.; Dzantiev, B. G.; Popov, V. N.; Rumyantsev, Yu. M.

C.A., Tr. 2-go Vses. Soveshch. po Radiats. Khim. Akad. Nauk SSSR Otd. Khim. Nauk, Moscow 1960 (1962), S. 733/7 1963 , vol. 58, p. 3073 Full Text Show Details

other Radiation; in nuclear reactor with radiation of fission products; cooling with liquid N2; pressure: 3-10 atm; time of irradiation: 10-15 d;

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

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With catalyst: Al2O3-quartz above 700°C; yield of HCN depends on stream rate und partial pressure;

Bredig, G.; Eloed, E.; Demme, E.

Zeitschrift fuer Elektrochemie, 1930 , vol. 36, p. 991 - 1003 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

With catalyst: alum earch above 700°C; yield of HCN depends on stream rate und partial pressure;

Bredig, G.; Eloed, E.; Demme, E.

Zeitschrift fuer Elektrochemie, 1930 , vol. 36, p. 991 - 1003 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

in gas

Bredig, G.; Eloed, E.; Demme, E.

in presence of catalysts, about 700°C;

Zeitschrift fuer Elektrochemie, 1930 , vol. 36, p. 991 Full Text Show Details

Kinetics; other Radiation; with electron irradiation; in nuclear raector;

Dzantiev, B. G.; Trubnikov, V. B.; Popov, V. N.

Vestsi Akad. Navuk Belarusk. SSR Ser. Fiz. Tekhn. Navuk, 1966 , # 3 p. 5 - 7 C.A., 1966 , vol. 65, p. 17956 Full Text Show Details

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in neat (no solvent, gas phase) in presence of catalysts, about 700°C;

Gmelin Handbook: N: MVol.2, 5.2.2, page 490 - 493 Full Text Show Details

With platinum in neat (no solvent) Kinetics; byproducts: H2; other Radiation; ultr high vacuum; CH2CH2 and NH3 adsorbed on Pt(111); CH3 thermally dissociated on the surface at 345 K; ammonia dissociated by 100 eV electron beam un the surface at 309 K; formation of C(ads) at 464 K and N(ads) at452 K; coupling to CN at 500 K;

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Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2005 , vol. 109, # 37 p. 17560 - 17566 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Dzantiev, B. G.; Trubnikov, V. P.; Popov, V. N.

Vestsi Akad. Navuk Belarusk. SSR Ser. Fiz. Tekhn. Navuk, 1966 , # 3 p. 8 - 12 C.A., 1966 , vol. 65, p. 17955 Full Text Show Details

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With air

T=201°C; Kinetics; Further Variations:Temperatures;

Nedel'ko; Shastin; Korsunskii; Chukanov; Larikova; Kazakov

Russian Chemical Bulletin, 2005 , vol. 54, # 7 p. 1710 - 1714 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Rx-ID: 26083613 Find similar reactions

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in neat (no solvent) HCN was prepared by heating a mixt. of carefully dried NaCN and stearic acid to just above the melting point, 70°C, in vac.; purified by pumping on the cooled in a CO2/acetone slush bath;

Hochlaf; Pilcher-Clayton; Eland

Chemical Physics, 2005 , vol. 309, # 2-3 p. 291 - 301 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Rx-ID: 26088612 Find similar reactions

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With platinum in neat (no solvent) Kinetics; byproducts: H2; other Radiation; ultr high vacuum; CH3I and NH3 adsorbed on Pt(111); CH3 thermally dissociated on the surface at 345 K; ammonia dissociated by 100 eV electron beam on the surface at 309 K; formation of C(ads) at 464 K and N(ads) at 452 K; coupling to CN at 500 K;

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Herceg, Eldad; Trenary, Michael

Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2005 , vol. 109, # 37 p. 17560 - 17566 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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Rx-ID: 26106418 Find similar reactions

Meyer, Justin P.; Hershberger, John F.

Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2005 , vol. 109, # 17 p. 8363 - 8366 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

in gaseous matrix Kinetics; Irradiation (UV/VIS); laser photolysis at 193 nm mixt. of EtOCCH (partial pressure 0.01-0.02 Torr), NO (0-0.6 Torr), buffer gas SF6 (0-0.5 Torr) at 296 K; not separated; detected by IR;

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Rx-ID: 27532168 Find similar reactions

in neat (no solvent) heated to 300°C under O2; monitored by Raman spectroscopy;

Frost, Ray L.; Musumeci, Anthony W.; Bouzaid, Jocelyn; Adebajo, Moses O.; Martens, Wayde N.; Kloprogge, J. Theo

Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2005 , vol. 178, # 6 p. 1940 - 1948 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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88.4%

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Rx-ID: 638127 Find similar reactions

With oxygen; V2A-steel (1.4541)

T=450 - 600°C; P=172.517 - 450.045 Torr; 300 - 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 1; 7-8; 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

87.3%

With oxygen; iron

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

85.5%

With oxygen; HT-steel (1.4828)

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 9-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

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84.2%

With oxygen; V4A-steel (1.4571)

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

81%

With oxygen; alloy 800 H (1.4876)

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 9-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

73%

With oxygen; chromium

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

72.4%

With oxygen; HT-steel (1.4841)

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

71%

With oxygen; alloy 601 (2.4851)

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

60.5%

With oxygen; Sicromal 12 (1.4762)

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

43.7%

With oxygen; aluminium

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

21.2%

With oxygen; nickel

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

4.3%

With oxygen; silica gel

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

2.5%

With oxygen; copper

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

1.7%

With oxygen; Alonisierter (1.4541)

T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; 3000 h; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

Du Pont de Nemours and Co

Chem. Zentralbl., 1937 , vol. 108, # II p. 2750 Full Text Show Details

Du Pont de Nemours and Co

Chem. Zentralbl., 1936 , vol. 107, # II p. 1614 Full Text Show Details

Du Pont de Nemours and Co

Chem. Zentralbl., 1934 , vol. 105, # I p. 944 Full Text Show Details

Du Pont de Nemours and Co.

Patent: US2042451 , 1933 ; Full Text Show Details

Du Pont de Nemours and Co.

Patent: US2086507 , 1935 ; Full Text Show Details

Du Pont de Nemours and Co.

Patent: US1934433 ; Full Text Show Details

Du Pont de Nemours and Co.

Patent: US1934485 , 1929 ; Full Text Show Details

Pip

Patent: DE586861 , 1927 ; Fortschr. Teerfarbenfabr. Verw. Industriezweige, vol. 19, p. 527 Full Text Show Details

Imp. Chem. Ind.

Patent: DE498733 , 1929 ; Fortschr. Teerfarbenfabr. Verw. Industriezweige, vol. 16, p. 698 Full Text Show Details

Asendorf; Klempt

Ullmann, 1954 , vol. 5, p. 631,633 Full Text Show Details

BIOS

Final Rep., p. 754 Full Text Show Details

Burrell

Chem. eng. NewsChem.Abstr., 1947 , vol. 25, p. 1939

Chem. eng. NewsChem.Abstr., 1947 , p. 6027 Full Text Show Details

Dechamps

Chim. et Ind. Sonderband 10. Congr. Chim. ind. Luettich, 1930 , p. 589 Chem. Zentralbl., 1931 , vol. 102, # II p. 766 Full Text Show Details

T=380 - 430°C; unter vermindertem Druck in eisernen Roehren;

I.G. Farbenindustrie

Chem.Abstr., 1946 , p. 181 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenind.

Patent: DE740676 , 1941 ; Full Text Show Details

With sodium carbonate

T=400 - 450°C;

Braeuer-D'Ans

4, 1355 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenindustrie

Chem. Zentralbl., 1929 , vol. 100, # II p. 95 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenind.

Patent: DE475556 ; Fortschr. Teerfarbenfabr. Verw. Industriezweige, vol. 16, p. 689 Full Text Show Details

With sodium permutite

T=400 - 450°C;

Braeuer-D'Ans

4, 1355 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenindustrie

Chem. Zentralbl., 1929 , vol. 100, # II p. 95 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenind.

Patent: DE475556 ; Fortschr. Teerfarbenfabr. Verw. Industriezweige, vol. 16, p. 689 Full Text Show Details

T=300°C; Leiten ueber glasige Tonerde;

Braeuer-D'Ans

4, 1353 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenindustrie

Chem. Zentralbl., 1928 , vol. 99, # I p. 974 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenind.

Patent: DE454353 ; Full Text Show Details

With phosphoric acid

With alkali T=200°C; es entsteht Alkalicyanid;

Hofmann

Journal of the Chemical Society, 1863 , vol. 16, p. 74 Jahresbericht ueber die Fortschritte der Chemie und Verwandter Theile Anderer Wissenschaften, 1863 , p. 320 Full Text Show Details

Hofmann

Jahresbericht ueber die Fortschritte der Chemie und Verwandter Theile Anderer Wissenschaften, 1863 , p. 320 Full Text Show Details

Glock

Chem. Zentralbl., 1900 , vol. 71, # I p. 1115 Full Text Show Details

Glock

Patent: DE108152 ; Full Text Show Details

With aluminum oxide

T=250 - 300°C;

Boehner; Andrews

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1916 , vol. 38, p. 2504 Full Text Show Details

in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren;

Braeuer-D'Ans

4, 1355 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenindustrie

Chem. Zentralbl., 1929 , vol. 100, # II p. 2261 Full Text Show Details

I.G. Farbenind.

Patent: DE476662 ; Fortschr. Teerfarbenfabr. Verw. Industriezweige, vol. 16, p. 690 Full Text Show Details

With V2A-steel (1.4541)

T=210 - 520°C; P=150.015 - 172.517 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 1; 7; 9-10 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

With oxygen; steel 1.3401 T=520°C; P=172.517 Torr; Gas phase; Product distribution / selectivity;

BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Patent: WO2004/50587 A2, 2004 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 8 ; Title/Abstract Full Text Show Details

decompn. of the educt on Al2O3 at 250-300°C;

Boehner, R. S.; Andrews, C. E.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1916 , vol. 38, p. 2503 - 2505 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

90-95

at 30-150 Torr; 380-430°C; very pure HCN;

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

Schwarz, G.

in: F. Ullmann (Foerst), Enzyklopaedie der technischen Chemie, Urban und Schwarzenberg, Berlin-Wien. 3. Aufl., Erg.-Bd., 1970. S. 485/6 Full Text Show Details

by distn. with anhyd. H3PO4;

Hofmann, A. W.

Journal of the Chemical Society, 1863 , vol. 16, p. 72 - 74 Full Text View citing articles Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

decompn. on catalysators at 500°C; 100 Torr;

Tame, T.; Nishioka, M.; Kameta, N.; Tagawa, M.

Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 1959 , vol. 62, p. 79 - 82 C.A., 1962 , vol. 57, p. 8181 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161 Full Text Show Details

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in gas byproducts: H2, C2H2, C2H4; other Radiation; by transversely excited atm. CO2 laser irradn. (976 cm**-1) at pressuresof ca. 10 torr and energy < 487 mJ/pulse; IR spectra monitoring;

Pushpa; Kumar, Awadhesh; Naik; Sapre

Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section A Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical and Analytical Chemistry, 2004 , vol. 43, # 3 p. 481 - 486 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

by pyrolysis; time of heating 60 h; at 100°C;

Kern, W.; Fernow, H.

J. Prakt. Chem. (2), 1942 , vol. 160, p. 281 - 295 Full Text Show Details

Gmelin Handbook: C: MVol.D1, 15.4.2.3, page 127 - 161

Full Text Show Details

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With oxygen; acrylonitrile in neat (no solvent) 400-623 K, 0.5 percent H2O and 4percent O2 contg. feed, 1150 ppm NO, 200 ppm MeCN;

Nanba, Tetsuya; Masukawa, Shouichi; Uchisawa, Junko; Obuchi, Akira

Chemistry Letters, 2004 , vol. 33, # 7 p. 924 - 925 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details

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With palladium/alumina

T=400°C; Product distribution; Further Variations:ReagentsTemperatures;

Skotak; Kijenski; Karpinski

Polish Journal of Chemistry, 2003 , vol. 77, # 6 p. 757 - 765 Title/Abstract Full Text View citing articles Show Details