Cumene (Isopropylbenzene) to Prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene (alpha-Methylstyrene) by Asch

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2016-05-13 16h:32m:03s (EST)

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Rx-ID: 108067 View in Reaxys 1/72 Yield 98 %

Conditions & References With bromine in tetrachloromethane, Solvent Delgado-Abad, Thais; Martnez-Ferrer, Jaime; Reig-Lpez, Javier; Mello, Rossella; Acerete, Rafael; Asensio, Gregorio; Gonzlez-Nez, Mara Elena; RSC Advances; vol. 4; nb. 92; (2014); p. 51016 - 51021 View in Reaxys

59 %

General procedure: Reactions were performed in a single 1'' (2.5 cm) diameter tubular reactor, 24'' (61 cm) long, with two electrically heated temperature zones of equal length. An internal thermocouple array monitored the reactor temperature at five equally spaced points. The reactor was fed via a vaporizer/preheater of similar configuration in 1/2'' (1.25 cm) diameter. The reactor was charged with CrF3-on-carbon pellets that had been previously used to exhaustion in chlorofluorination reactions. This "spent" CrF3-on-carbon was chosen for the reactor bed as it was expected to be resistant to degradation by NF3 and devoid of any oxidizing power (a control experiment on toluene, absent NF3, yielded unchanged toluene with no oxidation or disproportionation observed). The reactor bed was pre-heated to 385 °C under a flow of 50 ml/min N2. This N2 flow was maintained throughout the experiments as a precaution against pooling of reagents within the preheating system in the event of flow stoppages. A backpressure of 1 atm was maintained. The vaporizer/preheater temperature was controlled to maintain a vapor temperature 10 °C above the boiling point of the organic feedstock. The feedstock (i.e. toluene), NF3 and N2 were all fed together to the vaporizer/ preheater and through the reactor. An exotherm was always observed and the NF3 feed was controlled so as to keep the temperature of all internal thermocouples under 425 °C. Typically NF3 feeds did not exceed 50 molepercent. Generally there would be one or two thermocouples indicating the exotherm and hence the location of the reaction. Product was collected through a cold water condenser, washed with water to remove HF, neutralized with saturated NaHCO3 and dried over Na2SO4. Unreacted starting material and product fractions were separated by fractional distillation and sometimes silica gel column chromatography. With nitrogen trifluoride, T= 385 - 425 °C , p= 760.051Torr , Inert atmosphere Belter, Randolph K.; Journal of Fluorine Chemistry; vol. 132; nb. 5; (2011); p. 318 - 322 View in Reaxys

20 %

With sulfuryl dichloride, Co(II)(5,10,15,20-tetra-4-anisylporphyrin) in benzene, T= 85 °C Khanna, Vibha; Tamilselvan, Pitchiah; Kalra, Swinder Jeet Singh; Iqbal, Javed; Tetrahedron Letters; vol. 35; nb. 32; (1994); p. 5935 - 5938 View in Reaxys With steam, T= 600 °C , Leiten ueber Eisen, Kupfer, Kalium und Magnesium enthaltender Oxyd-Katalysator Patent; Standard Oil Devel. Co.; US2449004; (1944) View in Reaxys Patent; Dow Chem. Co.; US2443217; (1945) View in Reaxys Nickels et al.; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 41; (1949); p. 563,565 View in Reaxys T= 600 - 750 °C Patent; Stanley; Minkoff; Youell; US2198185; (1937) View in Reaxys Patent; Dow Chem. Co.; US2110830; (1937) View in Reaxys Balandin; Marukjan; Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR; vol. 48; (1945); p. 482; ; (1946); p. 4686 View in Reaxys Nickels et al.; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 41; (1949); p. 563,565 View in Reaxys With steam, T= 600 °C , Leiten ueber Zinkoxyd-Calciumoxyd-Kontakte

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Patent; I.G. Farbenind.; DE550055; (1931); Fortschr. Teerfarbenfabr. Verw. Industriezweige; vol. 19; p. 611,613 View in Reaxys With steam, T= 600 °C , Leiten ueber Vanadin(V)-oxyd und Aluminiumoxyd Patent; Distiller Co.; US2342980; (1942) View in Reaxys With Catalyst M-Chromium oxide, T= 600 °C Nicolescu; Modestinu; Revue de Chimie, Academie de la Republique Populaire Roumaine; vol. 1; nb. 1; (1956); p. 143 View in Reaxys Nicolescu; Modestinu; ; nb. 9; (1956); p. 103; ; (1958); p. 19985 View in Reaxys With zinc oxide, T= 630 - 640 °C Modestinu-Nicolescu; ; vol. 7; (1959); p. 305; ; (1960); p. 14157 View in Reaxys With aluminum oxide, molybdenum, T= 400 °C , var. hydrorefining catalysts, Rate constant Lopez, Rafael; Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications; vol. 48; nb. 8; (1983); p. 2269 - 2272 View in Reaxys With monoaluminum phosphate, rhodium, T= 419.9 - 579.9 °C , Ea, ΔH(excit.), ΔS(excit.), Kinetics, Thermodynamic data, Mechanism Bautista; Campelo; Garcia; Luna; Marinas; Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan; vol. 62; nb. 11; (1989); p. 3670 - 3674 View in Reaxys With Fe/Cr/K, T= 499.9 °C , p= 200266000Torr , selectivity and formation rate; var. temperature and pressure Smirnov; Kondrat'yev; Safronov Maltese Cross Sign; Petroleum Chemistry; vol. 37; nb. 1; (1997); p. 44 - 50 View in Reaxys 78.0 % Chromat.

With sulfur dioxide, water, magnesium o-vanadate, T= 500 °C , oxidative dehydrogenation Isagulyants; Belomestnykh; Petroleum Chemistry; vol. 39; nb. 5; (1999); p. 306 - 309 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: NBS, benzoyl peroxide / CCl4 / 18 h / Heating 2: p-toluolsulphonic acid With N-bromosuccinmide, meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, toluene-4-sulfonic acid in tetrachloromethane Ravindranath, B.; Srinivas, P.; Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry; vol. 22; nb. 6; (1983); p. 592 - 594 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: dibenzoyl peroxide; dilauroyl peroxide; SO2Cl2 With sulfuryl dichloride, didodecanoyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide Kharasch; Brown; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 61; (1939); p. 2142,2146 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: benzene; dibenzoyl peroxide; dilauroyl peroxide; SO2Cl2 With sulfuryl dichloride, didodecanoyl peroxide, benzene, dibenzoyl peroxide Kharasch; Brown; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 61; (1939); p. 2142,2146 View in Reaxys With tantalum containing Y zeolite, T= 349.84 °C , Inert atmosphere

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Trejda; Wojtaszek; Floch; Wojcieszak; Gaigneaux; Ziolek; Catalysis Today; vol. 158; nb. 1-2; (2010); p. 170 177 View in Reaxys 2.3. Catalytic measurements Cumene decomposition tests were performed for the activatedcarbon catalysts obtained from brown coal from “Konin” colliery.This process was realised by the pulse method in a glass reactorwith a fixed bed catalysts (0.05 g) at 623 K. After reaching a desiredtemperature, cumene was dosed by a microsyringe in the amountof 1 l to the reactor. The outlet of the reactor was connected to thechromatograph. The products were analysed using a FID detectorand a 3 m column packed with 5percent SE-30 deposited on ChromosorbG AW-DMCS. Helium was used as a carrier gas. With ammonia, carbon, Time= 4h, T= 649.84 °C , Catalytic behavior, Temperature, Reagent/catalyst Krzyzyska, Beata; Malaika, Anna; Rechnia, Paulina; Kozlowski, Mieczyslaw; Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical; vol. 395; (2014); p. 523 - 533 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 32226413 View in Reaxys 2/72 Yield 82.1 %

Conditions & References 3 :Example 3 Conditions were as in example 2 with 1.5 wt. percent additional water added ahead of the second stage. An optimal average AMS yield of 82.1percent was obtained at 122° C. with 0.02 to 0.04percent DCP, and 0.16 to 0.18 wt. percent DMBA exiting the second stage. With sulfuric acid, water, acetophenone, T= 78 - 122 °C , p= 550 - 600Torr , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Keenan, Scott Roy; Hagans, Michael Keith; US2011/306800; (2011); (A1) English View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 39050266 View in Reaxys 3/72 Yield

Conditions & References 2.3. Catalytic measurements Cumene decomposition tests were performed for the activatedcarbon catalysts obtained from brown coal from “Konin” colliery.This process was realised by the pulse method in a glass reactorwith a fixed bed catalysts (0.05 g) at 623 K. After reaching a desiredtemperature, cumene was dosed by a microsyringe in the amountof 1 l to the reactor. The outlet of the reactor was connected to thechromatograph. The products were analysed using a FID detectorand a 3 m column packed with 5percent SE-30 deposited on ChromosorbG AW-DMCS. Helium was used as a carrier gas. With peracetic acid, carbon, Time= 8h, T= 59.84 °C Krzyzyska, Beata; Malaika, Anna; Rechnia, Paulina; Kozlowski, Mieczyslaw; Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical; vol. 395; (2014); p. 523 - 533 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 39050267 View in Reaxys 4/72

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Yield

Conditions & References 2.3. Catalytic measurements Cumene decomposition tests were performed for the activatedcarbon catalysts obtained from brown coal from “Konin” colliery.This process was realised by the pulse method in a glass reactorwith a fixed bed catalysts (0.05 g) at 623 K. After reaching a desiredtemperature, cumene was dosed by a microsyringe in the amountof 1 l to the reactor. The outlet of the reactor was connected to thechromatograph. The products were analysed using a FID detectorand a 3 m column packed with 5percent SE-30 deposited on ChromosorbG AW-DMCS. Helium was used as a carrier gas. With peracetic acid, carbon, Time= 4h, T= 59.84 °C Krzyzyska, Beata; Malaika, Anna; Rechnia, Paulina; Kozlowski, Mieczyslaw; Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical; vol. 395; (2014); p. 523 - 533 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 39050264 View in Reaxys 5/72 Yield

Conditions & References 2.3. Catalytic measurements Cumene decomposition tests were performed for the activatedcarbon catalysts obtained from brown coal from “Konin” colliery.This process was realised by the pulse method in a glass reactorwith a fixed bed catalysts (0.05 g) at 623 K. After reaching a desiredtemperature, cumene was dosed by a microsyringe in the amountof 1 l to the reactor. The outlet of the reactor was connected to thechromatograph. The products were analysed using a FID detectorand a 3 m column packed with 5percent SE-30 deposited on ChromosorbG AW-DMCS. Helium was used as a carrier gas. With dihydrogen peroxide, carbon, Time= 24h, T= 59.84 °C Krzyzyska, Beata; Malaika, Anna; Rechnia, Paulina; Kozlowski, Mieczyslaw; Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical; vol. 395; (2014); p. 523 - 533 View in Reaxys

HO O

Rx-ID: 27897451 View in Reaxys 6/72 Yield

Conditions & References 2 :Example 2; CHP decomposition was carried out in the same equipment as in Example 1, but the reactor for synthesis of the catalytic system had a volume of 20 μL, and a mixture having the composition shown in Table 3 was used as feedstock.The feedstock was fed to the reactor at a rate of 10 mL/h, concentrated (96percent) sulfuric acid was fed at a rate of 1.1 μL/h, which corresponded to a concentration of 0.02 wt. percent, and phenol for mixing with sulfuric acid was fed at a rate of 0.9 μL/h, which corresponded to a sulfuric acid/phenol ratio of 2:1. The mixture of phenol and sulfuric acid was held for 600 minutes at a temperature of 20° C. The circulation rate of the reaction mixture was 200 mL/h, and the temperature in the reactor was 70° C. As used herein, concentrated sulfuric acid means "commercially available usual sulfuric acid", which generally means about 93 to 96percent sulfuric acid (H2SO4). With sulfuric acid, phenol in water, T= 70 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Nelson, Mark; Sederel, Willem Lodewyk; Dyckman, Arkady Samuilovich; Grebenshchikov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Pinson, Viktor Vladimirovich; Zinenkov, Andrey Vladimirovich; US2008/214872; (2008); (A1) English

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View in Reaxys 6 :Example 6 (Comparative Example)The CHP cleavage reaction was carried out using the same equipment as in Example 1, but the feed of composition presented in Table 7 was used. CHP feed was pumped at rate of 26 ml/hr, and the sulfuric acid rate was 4 μL/h. Circulation rate and temperature regime used were the same as presented in Example 1.Reaction product discharged form the first stage reactor was passed to the second stage reactor together with a 5percent ammonia solution in water fed at rate of 8 μL/h. The composition of reaction mixture produced is presented in Table 8. Stage 1: With sulfuric acid in water, T= 40 - 125 °C Stage 2: With ammonia in water, T= 125 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Nelson, Mark; Sederel, Willem Lodewyk; Dyckman, Arkady Samuilovich; Grebenshchikov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Pinson, Viktor Vladimirovich; Zinenkov, Andrey Vladimirovich; US2008/214873; (2008); (A1) English View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 9062270 View in Reaxys 7/72 Yield 55 %, 28 %, 13 %

Conditions & References With 2-hydroxy-1,3-isoindolinedione, air, nitrogen(IV) oxide, Time= 5h, T= 70 °C Nishiwaki, Yoshiki; Sakaguchi, Satoshi; Ishii, Yasutaka; Journal of Organic Chemistry; vol. 67; nb. 16; (2002); p. 5663 - 5668 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 1709983 View in Reaxys 8/72 Yield

Conditions & References With (NH4)2S2O8, copper diacetate in water, acetonitrile, T= 100 °C , Yield given. Yields of byproduct given Walling, Cheves; Zhao, Chengxue; El-Taliawi, Gamil M.; Journal of Organic Chemistry; vol. 48; nb. 25; (1983); p. 4910 - 4914 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 4668208 View in Reaxys 9/72 Yield

Conditions & References

54 %, 6 %, With C28H26N6ORu(2+)*3F6P(1-)*H(1+) in acetonitrile-D3, T= 24.84 °C , Inert atmosphere, Kinetics 6% Kojima, Takahiko; Nakayama, Kazuya; Ikemura, Kenichiro; Ogura, Takashi; Fukuzumi, Shunichi; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 133; nb. 30; (2011); p. 11692 - 11700 View in Reaxys 15 %, 13 %, 34 %

With C16H10Br4CoN2O2, oxygen, T= 60 °C , Inert atmosphere, Neat (no solvent) Ghanbari; Ferdosi; Tafazolian; Research on Chemical Intermediates; vol. 38; nb. 3-5; (2012); p. 871 - 883 View in Reaxys With lt;Fe2(μ-O)2(TPA)2gt;3+ in acetonitrile, T= -40 °C , Yield given. Yields of byproduct given Kim; Dong; Que L.; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 119; nb. 15; (1997); p. 3635 - 3636 View in Reaxys

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Rx-ID: 39050265 View in Reaxys 10/72 Yield

Conditions & References 2.3. Catalytic measurements Cumene decomposition tests were performed for the activatedcarbon catalysts obtained from brown coal from “Konin” colliery.This process was realised by the pulse method in a glass reactorwith a fixed bed catalysts (0.05 g) at 623 K. After reaching a desiredtemperature, cumene was dosed by a microsyringe in the amountof 1 l to the reactor. The outlet of the reactor was connected to thechromatograph. The products were analysed using a FID detectorand a 3 m column packed with 5percent SE-30 deposited on ChromosorbG AW-DMCS. Helium was used as a carrier gas. With nitric acid, carbon, Time= 8h, T= 59.84 °C , Catalytic behavior, Temperature, Reagent/catalyst Krzyzyska, Beata; Malaika, Anna; Rechnia, Paulina; Kozlowski, Mieczyslaw; Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical; vol. 395; (2014); p. 523 - 533 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 1709982 View in Reaxys 11/72 Yield

Conditions & References With (NH4)2S2O8, copper diacetate in water, acetic acid, T= 100 °C , Yield given. Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given Walling, Cheves; Zhao, Chengxue; El-Taliawi, Gamil M.; Journal of Organic Chemistry; vol. 48; nb. 25; (1983); p. 4910 - 4914 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 27897449 View in Reaxys 12/72 Yield

Conditions & References 3 :Example 1; Decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide was carried out on a pilot unit in the form of a reactor with a volume of 12 mL, equipped with a circulation loop to mix the reaction mass and a water jacket to maintain the assigned temperature. To prepare the catalyst, a reactor with a volume of 10 μL was used, and sulfuric acid and phenol were fed by pumps to the reactor. Catalyst and feedstock were fed to the stream of reaction mass at the input to the reactor. The composition of the feedstock is shown in Table 1. Sulfuric acid was also fed to the catalyst synthesis reactor at a rate of 3 μL/h, phenol was fed at a rate of 6 μL/h, which corresponds to a concentration in the reaction medium of 0.02 wt. percent, and the holding time in the reactor was 70 minutes at a temperature of 45° C. The rate at which the feedstock was fed to the CHP decomposition reactor was 27 mL/h. The rate of circulation of the reaction mass was 500 mL/h. The temperature in the reactor was maintained at 75° C. by supplying a heat transfer agent of the corresponding temperature to the jacket of the reactor.The stream emerging from the CHP decomposition reactor was cooled to room temperature and analyzed by GC. The composition of the reaction mass of CHP decomposition is shown in Table 2.; Example 2; CHP decomposition was carried out in the same equipment as in Example 1, but the reactor for synthesis of the catalytic system had a volume of 20 μL, and a mixture having the composition shown in Table 3 was used as feedstock.The feedstock was fed to the reactor at a rate of 10 mL/h, concentrated (96percent) sulfuric acid was fed at a rate of 1.1 μL/h, which corresponded to a concentration of 0.02 wt. percent,

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and phenol for mixing with sulfuric acid was fed at a rate of 0.9 μL/h, which corresponded to a sulfuric acid/phenol ratio of 2:1. The mixture of phenol and sulfuric acid was held for 600 minutes at a temperature of 20° C. The circulation rate of the reaction mixture was 200 mL/h, and the temperature in the reactor was 70° C. As used herein, concentrated sulfuric acid means "commercially available usual sulfuric acid", which generally means about 93 to 96percent sulfuric acid (H2SO4). With sulfuric acid, sulfur trioxide, phenol, T= 70 - 75 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Nelson, Mark; Sederel, Willem Lodewyk; Dyckman, Arkady Samuilovich; Grebenshchikov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Pinson, Viktor Vladimirovich; Zinenkov, Andrey Vladimirovich; US2008/214872; (2008); (A1) English View in Reaxys 2; 5 :Example 2; Decomposition of CHP was carried out in the same equipment as in Example 1, and a mixture having the composition shown in Table 3 was used as feedstock.The feedstock was supplied to the reactor at a rate of 10 mL/h, and concentrated (96percent) sulfuric acid was fed at a rate of 0.55 μL/h, which corresponded to a concentration of 0.009 wt. percent, and phenol for mixing with sulfuric was supplied at a rate of 0.45 μL/h, which corresponded to a sulfuric acid/phenol ratio of 2:1. The mixture of phenol and sulfuric acid was held for 600 minutes at a temperature of 20° C. The circulation rate of the reaction mass was 200 mL/h. The reaction mass emerging from the first stage reactor was mixed with acetone supplied at a rate of 3 mL/h, and was fed to the second stage reactor. The temperature was 50° C. in the first stage reactor, and 140° C. in the second stage reactor. Table 4 shows the composition of the reaction mass resulting from the CHP decomposition.; Example 5; Decomposition of CHP was carried out in the same equipment as in Example 1, except that a mixture having the composition shown in Table 5 was used as feedstock.The feedstock was fed to the reactor at a rate of 25 mL/h, concentrated (96percent) sulfuric acid was fed at a rate of 1.3 μL/h, which corresponded to a concentration of 0.009 wt. percent, and phenol for mixing with sulfuric acid was fed at a rate of 3.4 μL/h, (which corresponded to a sulfuric acid/phenol ratio of 1:1.5). The mixture of phenol and sulfuric acid were held for 140 minutes at a temperature of 42° C. The circulation rate of the reaction mass was 200 mL/h. The reaction mass emerging from the first stage reactor was mixed with acetone fed at a rate of 11 mL/h, and water fed at a rate of 0.2 mL/h. The obtained mixture was fed to the second stage reactor. The temperature was 40° C. in the first stage reactor, and 90° C. in the second stage reactor. The composition of the reaction mass resulting from the CHP decomposition is shown in Table 6. With sulfuric acid, phenol in water, T= 40 - 140 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Nelson, Mark; Sederel, Willem Lodewyk; Dyckman, Arkady Samuilovich; Grebenshchikov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Pinson, Viktor Vladimirovich; Zinenkov, Andrey Vladimirovich; US2008/214873; (2008); (A1) English View in Reaxys 3 :Example 3; Decomposition of CHP was carried out in the same equipment and under the same conditions as in Example 2, except that 0.3 μL/h of 30percent fuming sulfuric acid (oleum) was fed to the reactor, and phenol was fed at a rate of 600 μL/h (the ratio in terms of sulfuric acid to phenol in this Example was 1:1000) to prepare the catalyst. The residence time of the mixture in the reactor was 1 minute at a temperature of 80° C. Table 4 shows the composition of the reaction mass resulting from the CHP decomposition. With sulfuric acid, sulfur trioxide, phenol, T= 50 - 140 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Nelson, Mark; Sederel, Willem Lodewyk; Dyckman, Arkady Samuilovich; Grebenshchikov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Pinson, Viktor Vladimirovich; Zinenkov, Andrey Vladimirovich; US2008/214873; (2008); (A1) English View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 31323227 View in Reaxys 13/72 Yield

Conditions & References With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile, Time= 24h, T= 80 °C Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile, Time= 24h, T= 80 °C

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Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 31323228 View in Reaxys 14/72 Yield

Rx-ID: 31323230 View in Reaxys 15/72 Yield

Conditions & References Reaction Steps: 3 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 3: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C

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With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 2 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 3 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 3: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 3 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 3: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 3 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 3: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 3 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C

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2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 3: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 3 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 3: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys Reaction Steps: 3 1: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 2: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C 3: dihydrogen peroxide / water; acetonitrile / 24 h / 80 °C With dihydrogen peroxide in water, acetonitrile Estrada, Ana C.; Simoes, Mario M. Q.; Santos, Isabel C. M. S.; Neves, M. Graca P. M. S.; Cavaleiro, Jose A. S.; Cavaleiro, Ana M. V.; Monatshefte fur Chemie; vol. 141; nb. 11; (2010); p. 1223 - 1235 View in Reaxys

HO O

Rx-ID: 27897450 View in Reaxys 16/72 Yield

Conditions & References 1 :Example 1; Decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide was carried out on a pilot unit in the form of a reactor with a volume of 12 mL, equipped with a circulation loop to mix the reaction mass and a water jacket to maintain the assigned temperature. To prepare the catalyst, a reactor with a volume of 10 μL was used, and sulfuric acid and phenol were fed by pumps to the reactor. Catalyst and feedstock were fed to the stream of reaction mass at the input to the reactor. The composition of the feedstock is shown in Table 1. Sulfuric acid was also fed to the catalyst synthesis reactor at a rate of 3 μL/h, phenol was fed at a rate of 6 μL/h, which corresponds to a concentration in the reaction medium of 0.02 wt. percent, and the holding time in the reactor was 70 minutes at a temperature of 45° C. The rate at which the feedstock was fed to the CHP decomposition reactor was 27 mL/h. The rate of circulation of the reaction mass was 500 mL/h. The temperature in the reactor was maintained at 75° C. by supplying a heat transfer agent of the corresponding temperature to the jacket of the reactor.The stream emerging from the CHP decomposition reactor was cooled to room temperature and analyzed by GC. The composition of the reaction mass of CHP decomposition is shown in Table 2. With sulfuric acid, phenol in water, T= 75 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Nelson, Mark; Sederel, Willem Lodewyk; Dyckman, Arkady Samuilovich; Grebenshchikov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Pinson, Viktor Vladimirovich; Zinenkov, Andrey Vladimirovich; US2008/214872; (2008); (A1) English View in Reaxys 5 :Example 5 (Comparative Example); The CHP cleavage reaction was carried out essentially the same as in Example 1, but in this case the feed of composition used was as presented in Table 5. Concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst was fed at a rate of 5 μL/h directly to the cleavage reactor. The produced reaction mixture was analyzed and the final composition is presented in Table 6.

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With sulfuric acid in water, T= 75 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Nelson, Mark; Sederel, Willem Lodewyk; Dyckman, Arkady Samuilovich; Grebenshchikov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Pinson, Viktor Vladimirovich; Zinenkov, Andrey Vladimirovich; US2008/214872; (2008); (A1) English View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 27897453 View in Reaxys 17/72 Yield

Conditions & References 4 :Example 4; Decomposition of CHP was carried out in the same equipment and under the same conditions as in Example 1, but 75percent sulfuric acid was supplied to the reactor at a rate of 2 μL/h, and phenol was supplied at a rate of 5 μL/h (the ratio in terms of sulfuric acid to phenol was 1:2). The residence time of the mixture in the reactor was about 80 minutes at a temperature of 60° C. The composition of the reaction mass is shown in Table 4. With sulfuric acid, phenol in water, T= 40 - 125 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; Nelson, Mark; Sederel, Willem Lodewyk; Dyckman, Arkady Samuilovich; Grebenshchikov, Ilya Nikolaevich; Pinson, Viktor Vladimirovich; Zinenkov, Andrey Vladimirovich; US2008/214873; (2008); (A1) English View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 28764093 View in Reaxys 18/72 Yield 81 %Chromat., 10.5 %Chromat., 8.5 %Chromat.

Conditions & References With cytochrome P450BM3 CYP102A1 monooxygenase, NADPH, bovine liver catalase in dimethyl sulfoxide, T= 30 °C , pH= 7.4, aq. buffer, Enzymatic reaction Whitehouse, Christopher J.C.; Bell, Stephen G.; Wong, Luet-Lok; Chemistry - A European Journal; vol. 14; nb. 35; (2008); p. 10905 - 10908 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 29981752 View in Reaxys 19/72 Yield

Conditions & References With niobium containing Y zeolite, T= 349.84 °C , Inert atmosphere Trejda; Wojtaszek; Floch; Wojcieszak; Gaigneaux; Ziolek; Catalysis Today; vol. 158; nb. 1-2; (2010); p. 170 177 View in Reaxys With tantalum containing Y zeolite, T= 349.84 °C , Inert atmosphere Trejda; Wojtaszek; Floch; Wojcieszak; Gaigneaux; Ziolek; Catalysis Today; vol. 158; nb. 1-2; (2010); p. 170 177 View in Reaxys

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Rx-ID: 31323226 View in Reaxys 20/72 Yield

Rx-ID: 1709894 View in Reaxys 21/72 Yield 60 %, 8 % Chromat., 10 % Chromat., 10 % Chromat. 60 %, 10 % Chromat., 11 % Chromat., 8 % Chromat. 60 %, 8 % Chromat., 11 % Chromat., 10 % Chromat. 8 % Chromat., 10 % Chromat., 11 % Chromat., 60 %

Conditions & References T= 200 - 250 °C , Further byproducts given Schmidt, H.; Burtzlaff, Ch.; Masuhr, H.'; Ohl, J.; Pehle, W.; et al.; Journal fuer Praktische Chemie (Leipzig); vol. 322; nb. 5; (1980); p. 751 - 760 View in Reaxys

T= 200 - 250 °C , Further byproducts given Schmidt, H.; Burtzlaff, Ch.; Masuhr, H.'; Ohl, J.; Pehle, W.; et al.; Journal fuer Praktische Chemie (Leipzig); vol. 322; nb. 5; (1980); p. 751 - 760 View in Reaxys T= 200 - 250 °C , Further byproducts given Schmidt, H.; Burtzlaff, Ch.; Masuhr, H.'; Ohl, J.; Pehle, W.; et al.; Journal fuer Praktische Chemie (Leipzig); vol. 322; nb. 5; (1980); p. 751 - 760 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 10279025 View in Reaxys 22/72 Yield 3.4 %, 1.0 %, 0.8 %

Conditions & References With di-tert-butyl peroxide, oxygen in acetonitrile, Time= 7h, UV-irradiation Baciocchi, Enrico; Del Giacco, Tiziana; Giombolini, Paolo; Lanzalunga, Osvaldo; Tetrahedron; vol. 62; nb. 27; (2006); p. 6566 - 6573 View in Reaxys

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Rx-ID: 28764094 View in Reaxys 23/72 Yield 20 %, 21 %

Conditions & References With perchloric acid, C13H30N4*Fe(3+)*CF3O3S(1-)*C2H2F3O(1-)*C6H5IO in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, acetone, Time= 0.166667h, T= -40 °C , Inert atmosphere, Schlenk technique, Kinetics, Reagent/catalyst Hong, Seungwoo; Wang, Bin; Seo, Mi Sook; Lee, Yong-Min; Kim, Myoung Jin; Kim, Hyung Rok; Ogura, Takashi; Garcia-Serres, Ricardo; Clemancey, Martin; Latour, Jean-Marc; Nam, Wonwoo; Angewandte Chemie - International Edition; vol. 53; nb. 25; (2014); p. 6388 - 6392; Angew. Chem.; vol. 126; nb. 25; (2014); p. 6506 - 6510,5 View in Reaxys

79 %Chro- With cytochrome P450BM3 CYP102A1 variant KSK19 (F87A/H171L/Q307H/N319Y) monooxygenase, NADPH, bovine liver mat., 19.5 catalase in dimethyl sulfoxide, T= 30 °C , pH= 7.4, aq. buffer, Enzymatic reaction %Chromat. Whitehouse, Christopher J.C.; Bell, Stephen G.; Wong, Luet-Lok; Chemistry - A European Journal; vol. 14; nb. 35; (2008); p. 10905 - 10908 View in Reaxys 45 %Chro- With [(1,4,7,10-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclotridecane)FeIII(OOC(O)CH3)]2+ in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, acetone, mat., 11 T= -60 °C , Inert atmosphere, Kinetics, Catalytic behavior, Reagent/catalyst, Time, Concentration, Temperature, che%Chromat. moselective reaction Wang, Bin; Lee, Yong-Min; Clmancey, Martin; Seo, Mi Sook; Sarangi, Ritimukta; Latour, Jean-Marc; Nam, Wonwoo; Journal of the American Chemical Society; vol. 138; nb. 7; (2016); p. 2426 - 2436 View in Reaxys

O HO

Rx-ID: 33242722 View in Reaxys 24/72 Yield

Conditions & References 1 :[Examples 1 and 2] Alpha methyl styrene was prepared according to the process flow diagram ofFig. 2. First, oxidation of cumene was progressed with an oxidizer under the following conditions using 3 oxidation reactors in a phenol process to prepare a stream including cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) of concentration of 25 wtpercent. (1) Condition of introducing first oxidizer supply (CHP 0.4percent + cumene 99.6percent) 1 ml/min, 02: 100 ml/min, pressure: 3bar, reaction temperature: 100 °C (2) Condition of introducing second oxidizer supply (CHP 8.42percent + cumene 91.58percent) 1 ml/min, 02: 100 ml/min, pressure:3bar, reaction temperature: 96 °C (3) Condition of introducing third oxidizer supply (CHP 16.27percent + cumene 83.73percent) 1 ml/min, 02: 100 ml/min, pressure: 3bar, reaction temperature: 94 °C The concentration of CHP stream was changed from 8.4 to 24 wtpercent while passing through 3 oxidation reactors as shown in the following Table 1. Then, 25 wtpercent of the stream of low concentration was separated and transferred to a receiver (20), and then, supplied to a catalytic hydrogenation reactor (30). The hydrogenation reactor was filled with a catalyst Pd/C, hydrogen was introduced and the reaction was progressed while maintaining internal temperature. And, the reactant of cumene hydroperoxide stream of 25 wtpercent concentration was introduced top-down of the reactor using a pressurization pump. The hydrogenation reaction was progressed under conditions of 150 g of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) of 25 wtpercent concentration, 1 g of 1 wtpercent Pd/C, and hydrogen flow rate of 150 cc/min. And, the mole ratio of the cumene hydroperoxide stream and the introduced hydrogen was maintained 1 :8. The hydrogen reaction was progressed respectively for 7 hours and 3 hours in Examples 1 and 2. As the result, final product with cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) conversion rate of 99.97percent, CA increase rate of 960.5percent, and CA concentration of 25percent was obtained. After the reaction was completed, conversion rate of cumene hydroperoxied into cumyl alcohol was analyzed with liquid chromatography, and the result was shown in Table 2. After the hydrogenation reaction is completed, prepared cumyl alcohol is supplied to the receiver (20), and transferred to the stripper (40). Thereby, the stripper (40) is filled with a mixture of cumyl alcohol obtained by the hydrogenation reaction, and a stream including cumyl alcohol and cumene hydroperoxide which are not used in the hydrogen reaction. Then, the mixture is concentrated in the stripper (40), passed through a receiver (50) and transferred to a cleavage reactor (60), and the remainder is directly transferred to the cleavage reactor. And then, an acid catalyst is introduced in the cleavage reactor (60), and the mixture is continuously dehydrated so that the acid catalyst decomposes cumene hydroperoxide into phenol and acetone, and dehydrates cumyl alcohol into AMS. Into

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the cleavage reactor, 100 g of feedstock (CHP 72 wtpercent, CA 8 wtpercent, cumene 20 wtpercent) and 1 g of H2S04 were introduced to progress the reaction. And, the reaction temperature was maintained 65 °C , and raised to 1 10°C after conversion until the concentration of CHP became less than 1percent, so as to convert CA into AMS. The mixture of phenol, acetone and AMS produced in the cleavage reactor (60) was transferred to a neutralizer reactor (70), and a neutralization agent was introduced to progress a neutralization reaction. After neutralization, the product was transferred to a distillation reactor (80), and separated into phenol, AMS and acetone through distillation. By the above reaction, yield for conversion from CHP into phenol was 99.36percent, yield for conversion from CHP into aceton was 98.30percent, and yield for conversion from CA into AMS was 82.45percent. [Table 1 ]The above Table 1 shows that most of CHP was decomposed into phenol and acetone and the concentration decreased from 82 wtpercent to 1 wtpercent in the 1st cleavage reactor, and 1 wtpercent of CHP decreased to 1 wtpercent or less in the 2nd cleavage reactor. With sulfuric acid, T= 65 - 100 °C , Product distribution / selectivity Patent; LG CHEM, LTD.; HA, Seung-Back; YOO, Suk-Joon; CHO, Dong-Hyun; WO2012/74194; (2012); (A2) English View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 36555111 View in Reaxys 25/72 Yield

Conditions & References With dihydrogen peroxide, bromine in dichloromethane, water, Time= 4h, Reflux Amati, Alessandro; Dosualdo, Gabriele; Zhao, Lihua; Bravo, Anna; Fontana, Francesca; Minisci, Francesco; Bjorsvik, Hans-Rene; Organic Process Research and Development; vol. 2; nb. 4; (1998); p. 261 - 269 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 1709994 View in Reaxys 26/72 Yield

Conditions & References With N-bromosuccinmide, meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid in tetrachloromethane, Time= 18h, Heating, Yield given. Yields of byproduct given Ravindranath, B.; Srinivas, P.; Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry; vol. 22; nb. 6; (1983); p. 592 - 594 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 39113046 View in Reaxys 27/72 Yield 32 %, 10 %, 23 %, 35 %

Conditions & References With bromine, acetic acid Delgado-Abad, Thais; Martnez-Ferrer, Jaime; Reig-Lpez, Javier; Mello, Rossella; Acerete, Rafael; Asensio, Gregorio; Gonzlez-Nez, Mara Elena; RSC Advances; vol. 4; nb. 92; (2014); p. 51016 - 51021 View in Reaxys

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Rx-ID: 4068745 View in Reaxys 28/72 Yield 0.006 mmol, 0.012 mmol, 0.022 mmol

Conditions & References With (tBuOOCO)2, iodosylbenzene, [Fe(5,10,15,20-tetrakis-phenyl-porphyrinato)](1+) in benzene, Time= 3h, T= 50 °C , var. of reagent, catalyst, Product distribution Baciocchi, Enrico; d'Acunzo, Francesca; Galli, Carlo; Ioele, Marcella; Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications; nb. 4; (1995); p. 429 - 430 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 42024394 View in Reaxys 29/72 Yield 33 %

Conditions & References With copper(l) iodide, DTBB, caesium carbonate in toluene, Time= 8h, T= 120 °C , Glovebox, Inert atmosphere, Catalytic behavior, Mechanism, Reagent/catalyst Chen, Hong-Jie; Tseng, Mei-Chun; Hsu, I.-Jui; Chen, Wei-Ting; Han, Chien-Chung; Shyu, Shin-Guang; Dalton Transactions; vol. 44; nb. 27; (2015); p. 12086 - 12090 View in Reaxys

CO, CO2 Rx-ID: 6727189 View in Reaxys 30/72 Yield

Conditions & References With oxygen, Erionite NaKE zeolite, T= 500 °C , temperature 400 to 550 deg C, different zeolites and calcium borate as catalyst, Product distribution Lashmanova, N.V.; Kolesnikov, V.A.; Efremov, R.V.; Danov, S.M.; J. Appl. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.); vol. 57; nb. 1; (1984); p. 199 - 201,188 - 189 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 42024395 View in Reaxys 31/72 Yield 6%

Conditions & References With copper(l) iodide, DTBB, caesium carbonate in toluene, Time= 8h, T= 120 °C , Glovebox, Inert atmosphere, Catalytic behavior, Mechanism Chen, Hong-Jie; Tseng, Mei-Chun; Hsu, I.-Jui; Chen, Wei-Ting; Han, Chien-Chung; Shyu, Shin-Guang; Dalton Transactions; vol. 44; nb. 27; (2015); p. 12086 - 12090 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 42024396 View in Reaxys 32/72

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Yield 24 %

Rx-ID: 1709984 View in Reaxys 33/72 Yield

Conditions & References With oxygen, 1.5E-4 zinc naphthenate, Time= 3h, T= 110 °C , activation energy; different catalyst, catalyst concentrations, reaction times and temperatures, Product distribution, Kinetics, Thermodynamic data Kozlov; Tovstokhat'ko; Potekhin; Journal of applied chemistry of the USSR; vol. 59; nb. 1 pt 2; (1986); p. 122 127 View in Reaxys With oxygen, 1,10-phenanthroline, zinc naphthenate, Time= 8h, T= 100 °C , rate constants between 100-130 deg C, Kinetics, Product distribution Kozlov; Tovstokhat'ko; Potekhin; Journal of applied chemistry of the USSR; vol. 59; nb. 6 pt 2; (1986); p. 1284 1286 View in Reaxys

C6 hydrocarbons Rx-ID: 6726763 View in Reaxys 34/72 Yield

Conditions & References With methyl acetylene, T= 1180 - 1350 °C , p= 2280 - 5320Torr , also without propyne, and in the presence of 1,2dimethylcyclohexene, Product distribution, Rate constant, Mechanism Robaugh, David A.; Tsang, Wing; Fahr, Askar; Stein, Stephen E.; Berichte der Bunsen-Gesellschaft; vol. 90; (1986); p. 77 - 84 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 42024397 View in Reaxys 35/72 Yield

Conditions & References With copper(l) iodide, DTBB, caesium carbonate, 2,4-Xylenol in toluene, Time= 8h, T= 120 °C , Glovebox, Inert atmosphere, Catalytic behavior, Mechanism Chen, Hong-Jie; Tseng, Mei-Chun; Hsu, I.-Jui; Chen, Wei-Ting; Han, Chien-Chung; Shyu, Shin-Guang; Dalton Transactions; vol. 44; nb. 27; (2015); p. 12086 - 12090 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 8612643 View in Reaxys 36/72

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Yield

Conditions & References With Fe[5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin]Cl, oxygen in various solvent(s), T= 100 °C , Oxidation, Product distribution, Further Variations: reaction times Evans, Steven; Smith, John R. Lindsay; Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin Transactions 2; nb. 7; (2000); p. 1541 - 1551 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 41005949 View in Reaxys 37/72 Yield

Conditions & References With hydrogen, T= 249.84 °C , p= 760.051Torr , Catalytic behavior, Reagent/catalyst, Temperature Sazegar, Mohammad Reza; Triwahyono, Sugeng; Jalil, Aishah Abdul; Mukti, Rino R.; Mohaghegh, Seyed Mohammad Seyed; Aziz, Madzlan; New Journal of Chemistry; vol. 39; nb. 10; (2015); p. 8006 - 8016 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 1709995 View in Reaxys 38/72 Yield

Conditions & References With bromine, dibenzoyl peroxide in tetrachloromethane, Heating, other substituted arenes; var. reagents and time, Product distribution Sket, Boris; Zupan, Marko; Journal of Organic Chemistry; vol. 51; nb. 6; (1986); p. 929 - 931 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 1709992 View in Reaxys 39/72 Yield

Conditions & References With aluminum oxide, molybdenum, T= 400 °C , various oxidic and sulphided hydrorefining catalysts, Product distribution, Rate constant Lopez, Rafael; Ramos, Iran; Villalba, Victor; Garcia, Juan Jose; Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications; vol. 48; nb. 8; (1983); p. 2263 - 2268 View in Reaxys With APAl-A-10-FM, T= 399.9 °C , other catalysts, other temperatures, Rate constant, Thermodynamic data Campelo, J. M.; Garcia, A.; Luna, D.; Marinas, J. M.; Romero, A. A.; et al.; Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions; vol. 90; nb. 15; (1994); p. 2265 - 2276 View in Reaxys

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acetic acid

Rx-ID: 6725969 View in Reaxys 40/72 Yield

Conditions & References With tert.-butylhydroperoxide, Al tri-t-BuO- in benzene, Time= 84h, T= 20 °C , Mechanism, Product distribution Stepovik; Dodonov; Zaburdaeva; Russian Journal of General Chemistry; vol. 67; nb. 1; (1997); p. 111 - 115 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 9383464 View in Reaxys 41/72 Yield 9 %, 0.45 %, 0.6 %, 0.77 %

Conditions & References With γ-Al2O3, T= 500 °C , Product distribution, Further Variations: Reagents, Temperatures Kijenski; Malinowski; Kowalczyk; Osawaru; Polish Journal of Chemistry; vol. 77; nb. 6; (2003); p. 719 - 736 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 1709993 View in Reaxys 42/72 Yield

Conditions & References With sodium nitrate, magnesium oxide, T= 530 °C , various catalyst composition, temperatures, basicity of catalyst, Product distribution Matsuda, Tsuneo; Minami, Zenzaburo; Shibata, Yasumasa; Nagano, Shigeru; Miura, Hiroshi; Sugiyama, Kazuo; Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases; vol. 82; (1986); p. 1357 - 1366 View in Reaxys

steam

Rx-ID: 6712339 View in Reaxys 43/72 Yield

Conditions & References T= 550 - 700 °C , Leiten ueber aktiviertes Magnesiumoxyd Patent; Standard Oil Devel. Co.; US2449004; (1944) View in Reaxys T= 550 - 700 °C , Leiten ueber aktiviertes Aluminiumoxyd Patent; Shell Devel Co.; US2441095; (1946) View in Reaxys T= 550 - 700 °C , Leiten ueber Zinkoxyd-Calciumoxyd auf Bleicherde Patent; I. G. Farbenind.; DE550055; (1931); Fortschr. Teerfarbenfabr. Verw. Industriezweige; vol. 19; p. 611 View in Reaxys T= 550 - 700 °C , Leiten ueber Aluminiumoxyd-Chrom(III)-oxyd Nickels et al.; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; vol. 41; (1949); p. 563,565 View in Reaxys

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Rx-ID: 10189989 View in Reaxys 44/72 Yield

Conditions & References With H-ZSM-5, Time= 3h, T= 349.85 °C , Product distribution, Further Variations: Reagents Thomas, Bejoy; Sugunan; Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section A Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical and Analytical Chemistry; vol. 45; nb. 3; (2006); p. 648 - 652 View in Reaxys

O O

Rx-ID: 5049332 View in Reaxys 45/72 Yield

Conditions & References in acetone, T= 42 °C , Oxidation, acetoxylation; elimination, Kinetics Kazakov; Kabal'nova; Khursan; Shereshovets; Russian Chemical Bulletin; vol. 46; nb. 4; (1997); p. 663 - 671 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 1709974 View in Reaxys 46/72 Yield

Conditions & References With oxygen, T= 726.9 °C , gas phase oxidation in flow reactor at various temperatures, Mechanism Litzinger, T. A.; Brezinsky, K.; Glassman, I.; Journal of Physical Chemistry; vol. 90; nb. 3; (1986); p. 508 - 513 View in Reaxys O Cl

Cl O

Rx-ID: 589892 View in Reaxys 47/72 Yield

Conditions & References T= 154 °C , Dehydrierung Dost; van Nes; Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas; vol. 70; (1951); p. 403,406 View in Reaxys

C+

Rx-ID: 2181611 View in Reaxys 48/72 Yield

Conditions & References T= 34.9 °C , ΔG0, Thermodynamic data Mishima, Masaaki; Ariga, Toshifumi; Tsuno, Yuho; Ikenaga, Kazutoshi; Kikukawa, Kiyoshi; Chemistry Letters; nb. 3; (1992); p. 489 - 492 View in Reaxys

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Rx-ID: 5142925 View in Reaxys 49/72 Yield

Conditions & References T= 428.85 - 510.85 °C , Rate constant Dorrestijn, Edwin; Mulder, Peter; Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin Transactions 2; nb. 4; (1999); p. 777 780 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 6712323 View in Reaxys 50/72 Yield

Conditions & References T= 625 °C , Leiten ueber V2O5-Aluminiumoxyd Balandin; Marukjan; Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR; vol. 48; (1945); p. 482; ; (1946); p. 4686 View in Reaxys

steam

Rx-ID: 6712336 View in Reaxys 51/72 Yield

Conditions & References T= 700 - 900 °C Patent; Dow Chem. Co.; US2110830; (1937) View in Reaxys

hydrogen

Rx-ID: 6712337 View in Reaxys 52/72 Yield

Conditions & References T= 675 - 700 °C , Leiten durch kupferne Rohre Patent; Stanley; Minkoff; Youell; US2198185; (1937) View in Reaxys

steam

Rx-ID: 6712338 View in Reaxys 53/72 Yield

Conditions & References T= 675 - 700 °C , Leiten durch kupferne Rohre Patent; Stanley; Minkoff; Youell; US2198185; (1937) View in Reaxys

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Rx-ID: 1709991 View in Reaxys 54/72 Yield

Conditions & References

46 % Chromat., 15 % Chromat., 35 % Chromat., 23 % Chromat.

Time= 5.55556E-05h, T= 700 °C , mechanism, other temperatures, log A, Ea, Rate constant, Thermodynamic data, Product distribution Bach, G.; Ondruschka, B.; Zychlinski, W.; Shevelkova, L. V.; Sokolovskaja, V. G.; Journal fuer Praktische Chemie (Leipzig); vol. 331; nb. 1; (1989); p. 61 - 68 View in Reaxys

Rx-ID: 818441 View in Reaxys 55/72 Yield

Conditions & References UV-Licht; Dehydrierung.Irradiation Moore; Waters; Journal of the Chemical Society; (1953); p. 3405,3408 View in Reaxys

C+

Rx-ID: 1832219 View in Reaxys 56/72 Yield

Conditions & References standard free energy changes investigated, Thermodynamic data Mishima, Masaaki; Arima, Kiyoshi; Usui, Satoshi; Fujio, Mizue; Tsuno, Yuho; Chemistry Letters; (1987); p. 1047 - 1050 View in Reaxys

C+

Rx-ID: 1981293 View in Reaxys 57/72 Yield

C+ C+

Rx-ID: 2031410 View in Reaxys 58/72 Yield

Conditions & References standard free energy changes investigated, Thermodynamic data

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Mishima, Masaaki; Arima, Kiyoshi; Usui, Satoshi; Fujio, Mizue; Tsuno, Yuho; Chemistry Letters; (1987); p. 1047 - 1050 View in Reaxys

C+

Rx-ID: 2056078 View in Reaxys 59/72 Yield

C+

Rx-ID: 2058332 View in Reaxys 60/72 Yield

C+

Rx-ID: 2059872 View in Reaxys 61/72 Yield

C+

Rx-ID: 2059875 View in Reaxys 62/72 Yield

C+ C

Rx-ID: 2082694 View in Reaxys 63/72

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Yield

C+

C+ F

Rx-ID: 2087227 View in Reaxys 64/72 Yield

C+

Rx-ID: 2113583 View in Reaxys 65/72 Yield

C+

F F

Rx-ID: 2149966 View in Reaxys 66/72 Yield

C+

Rx-ID: 2185191 View in Reaxys 67/72 Yield

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C+

F O

Rx-ID: 2261585 View in Reaxys 68/72 Yield

C+

Cl O

C+

Rx-ID: 2261586 View in Reaxys 69/72 Yield

C+

Cl S

C+

Rx-ID: 2261587 View in Reaxys 70/72 Yield

C+

Rx-ID: 2261588 View in Reaxys 71/72 Yield

C+

Rx-ID: 2261589 View in Reaxys 72/72 Yield

25/26

2016-05-13 16:34:15

View in Reaxys

26/26

2016-05-13 16:34:15