Rapid General Assessment

Page 1

Rapid General Assessment Recognition of Respiratory Failure and Shock


Objectives

At the end of this session, participants will be able to: • Perform a rapid cardiopulmonary assessment • Recognize signs of distress or respiratory failure and shock

Rapid General Assessment

2


Respiratory failure and shock Variables

Respiratory failure

Shock

Cardiopulmonary failure Cardiovascular arrest

Rapid General Assessment

3


Survival after cardiovascular arrest in children 100%

50%

0%

Respiratory arrest

Rapid General Assessment

Cardiovascular arrest

4


General assessment: systematic approach

Appearance

Respiratory work

Circulation

Rapid General Assessment

5


PAT: Appearance

• • • • •

Rapid General Assessment

Muscle tone Interactivity Consolability Looks and follows with gaze Talks or cries

6


PAT: Respiratory work

• Increased respiratory work: nasal flaring, intercostal retractions • Decreased or absent respiratory work • Abnormal respiratory sounds: wheezing, grunting or stridor

Rapid General Assessment

7


PAT: Circulation

• Abnormal skin colour: pallor and mottled skin • Bleeding

Rapid General Assessment

8


Is the condition life-threatening? If yes, at any time Start the resuscitation manoeuvres

Rapid General Assessment

9


Primary assessment Airways

Breathing

Circulation

Exposure

Disability

Rapid General Assessment

10


Airways

The airways are patent: • spontaneously • with simple manoeuvres • with advanced manoeuvres

Rapid General Assessment

11


Breathing

• Respiratory rate: tachypnoea – bradypnea – apnoea • Respiratory effort: nasal flaring, intercostal retractions, head movements and abdominal breathing • Tidal volume: amplitude of rib cage excursions and thoracic auscultation • Abnormal sounds: stridor, grunting, gurgling, hissing, crackling. • Pulse oximetry

Rapid General Assessment

12


Circulation

• Cardiovascular function: skin colour and temperature, heart rate, heart rhythm, blood pressure, central and peripheral pulses and capillary refilling time • Perfused organs function: cerebral perfusion, skin perfusion, and renal perfusion

Rapid General Assessment

13


Disability

• AVPU scale • Glasgow coma scale • Pupillary light reflex

Rapid General Assessment

14


Exposure

• Undress the child and evaluate every single part of the body • Assess internal and external temperature • Complete the clinical examination

Rapid General Assessment

15


Secondary assessment

• Targeted history • Targeted clinical examination

S. A. M. P. L. E.

Rapid General Assessment

16


SAMPLE

• Signs and symptoms: difficulty breathing, fever, diarrhoea and vomiting, fatigue… • Allergies: drugs, latex and food… • Past medical history: physiological and pathological history… • Last meal: time and type… • Events: causative and co-occurring events

Rapid General Assessment

17


To sum up

• PAT: general assessment • ABCDE: primary assessment • SAMPLE: secondary assessment

Rapid General Assessment

18


Rapid General Assessment

19



Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.