CORE READINGS

Tovivich, S. (2009) ‘Learning from Informal Settlements: the New “Professionalism” for Architectural Practice’, CEBE Transactions, 6, pp. 62–85..

This paper addresses the role of the architect when working with informal communities and the urban poor. It suggests that this role has changed from ‘to provide for’ into ‘to support’ and that a new professionalism is required to meet the challenges posed by informal settlements. Tovivich suggests that knowledge and skills around participatory design and its challenges should be integrated into architectural education to better prepare architects for working with poor urban communities.

https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/275380735_Learning_from_Informal_Settlements_the_New_’Professionalism’_for_Architectural_Practice https://www.ids.ac.uk/files/Dp311.pdf

Chambers, R. (1992) Rural appraisal: rapid, relaxed and participatory. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies (Discussion paper / Institute of Development Studies, 311).

This study provides a thorough background to Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). It explores a range of approaches for facilitating local people to share, improve and analyse their lives and conditions, in order to direct their own development. Chambers identifies the behaviour of the facilitator as key to the success of a participatory approach. He describes how ‘handing over the stick’ ensures that information is shared rather than extracted from participants.

IIED, PLAN and IDS (2010) Core reading is pages 27-51 http://pubs.iied.org/14579IIED.html

This is a good example of participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools facilitating Community Action Planning. It uses PRA tools to help communities recognise the health problems associated with defecating in the open, rather than in latrines, and to mobilise them to take collective action to stop open defecation. It presents ‘triggering’ as a way to engage communities with sanitation issues, and opportunities for communities to consider other collective action. It also explores avenues for scaling up Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) across communities and regions.

Video

RSA (2010) Nabeel Hamdi - The Placemaker’s Guide to Building Community.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjrIVjSK6oA

References

Arnstein, S. R. (1969) A Ladder of Citizen Participation - Sherry R Arnstein. Available at: https://lithgow-schmidt.dk/sherryarnstein/ladder-of-citizen-participation. html (Accessed: 22 February 2021).

ASF UK (2016) Change by design building communities through participatory design. Architecture Sans Frontieres UK. Available at: https://issuu.com/asf-uk/docs/75033019-changeby-design-building- (Accessed: 22 February 2021).

Blundell-Jones, P. (ed.) (2009) Architecture and participation. Digit. print. London: Taylor & Francis.

Burkey, S. (1993) People first: a guide to self-reliant participatory rural development. London; Atlantic Highlands, N.J: Zed Books.

Cage, C. and Okello, M. (2012) Urban Participatory Planning. Practical Action. Available at: http://answers.practicalaction. org/our-resources/item/urban-participatoryplanning (Accessed: 19 January 2021).

Campbell, H. and Marshall, R. (2000) ‘Public involvement and planning: looking beyond the one to the many’, International Planning Studies, 5(3), pp. 321–344.

Catley, A et al. (2008) Participatory Impact Assessment: A Guide for Practitioners. ALNAP. Available at: https://www.alnap.org/help-library/ participatory-impact-assessment-a-guide-forpractitioners (Accessed: 22 February 2021).

Chambers, R. (2002) Participatory workshops: a sourcebook of 21 sets of ideas and activities. London; Sterling, VA: Earthscan Publications.

Chambers, R. (2008) ‘Who Counts? The Quiet Revolution of Participation and Numbers’, IDS Working Paper, 296. Available at: https://opendocs. ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/20.500.12413/398

(Accessed: 22 February 2021).

Cooke, B. and Kothari, U. (eds) (2001) Participation: the new tyranny? London; New York: Zed Books.

Cornwall, A. (ed.) (2011) The participation reader. London; New York: Zed Books.

Cornwall, A. and Scoones, I. (eds) (2011) Revolutionizing development: reflections on the work of Robert Chambers. London: Earthscan.

Frediani, A. A. (2016) ‘Re-imagining Participatory Design: Reflecting on the ASF-UK Change by Design Methodology’, Design Issues, 32(3), pp. 98–111. doi: 10.1162/DESI_a_00403.

Gaventa, J. (2007) ‘Towards Participatory Governance: assessing the transformative possibilities’, in Hamdi, N., The placemakers’ guide to building community. London; Washington, DC: Earthscan (Tools for Community Planning), p. 89.

Groupe URD (2009) Participation Handbook for humanitarian field workers. Available at: https://www.urd.org/en/publication/ participation-handbook-for-humanitarianfield-workers/ (Accessed: 1 February 2021).

Hamdi, N. (1995) Housing without houses: participation, flexibility, enablement. 1. paperback ed. London: Intermediate Technology Publ.

Hamdi, N. (2004) Small change: about the art of practice and the limits of planning in cities. London; Sterling, Va: Earthscan.

Hamdi, N. (2010) The placemakers’ guide to building community. London; Washington, DC: Earthscan (Tools for Community Planning).

Hamdi, N. and Goethert, R. (1997) Action planning for cities: a guide to community practice. Chichester; New York: John Wiley.

Hickey, S. and Mohan, G. (2005)

‘Relocating participation within a radical politics of development’, Development and Change, 36(2), pp. 237–262.

Lunch, N. and Lunch, C. (2006) Insights into Participatory Video: A Handbook for the Field, InsightShare. Available at: https:// insightshare.org/resources/insights-intoparticipatory-video-a-handbook-for-the-field/ (Accessed: 22 February 2021).

Mitlin, D. and Thompson, J. (1995) ‘Participatory Approaches in Urban Areas’, Environment and Urbanisation, 7(1), pp. 231–250.

Oliver, G. (2005) ‘Responsive Practice’, in Ray, N. (ed.) Architecture and its ethical dilemmas. London; New York: Taylor & Francis, p. 66.

Parnell, S. and Pieterse, E. (2010) ‘The “Right to the City”: Institutional Imperatives of a Developmental State’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 34, pp. 146–162.

Sims, N. H. (2006) How to run a great workshop: the complete guide to designing and running brilliant workshops and meetings. Harlow, England; New York: Pearson Prentice Hall/Business.

Tovivich, S. (2009) ‘Learning from Informal Settlements: the New “Professionalism” for Architectural Practice’, CEBE Transactions, 6, pp. 62–85.

Tovivich, S. (2010) Architecture for the urban poor, the ‘new professionalism’ of ‘community architects’ and the implications for architectural education: reflections on practice from Thailand. PhD Thesis. UCL. Available at: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/ eprint/1306880/ (Accessed: 22 February 2021).