Asian Outlook Spring 2011 Issue #3 by Asian Outlook

volume XXIV, issue 5

YOUR MOTHERS

Your Stories

Multiculturalism | Hindus Take Back Yoga | Far East Movement

ASIAN

Volume XXIV, Issue 5

contents OUTLOOK

features 6 | What is Multiculturalism? | By Calvin Prashad 8 | Take Back Yoga | By Kayla Natrella

letter from the editor...

s we learned of the death of Osama bin Laden at the hands of American forces in Pakistan, jubilant crowds converged in Washington, New York City and even here on campus. These crowds formed spontaneously; unified by that notion the boogeyman that haunted this country for a decade finally met his end. I, as a New Yorker and someone that watched in horror as the events of 9/11 unfolded, understand and can identify with the sentiment that brought hundreds out into the streets in celebration. However, the death of this man, however evil, should not be a cause for celebration. Personally, I believe the death of Osama bin Laden should be a time for solemn reflection and introspection. Before bin Laden, there was the menace of the mass murdering Hitler and the ideological threat of the Soviet Union. The struggle against all three threats radically changed and transformed American society and political discourse and not always for the better. For 10 years, we lived in fear of bin Laden and just his threats of violence sent our government scrambling to protect us while granting itself unprecedented powers and privileges. However, the fact of the matter is that the death of Osama bin Laden means nothing. It certainly does not mean that we have “defeated” terrorism. The grievances and motivations of his followers will remain for many years to come. Islamic fundamentalism and extremism have lost a powerful and visible figure, but by no means can we say that America is any safer. In short, the death of bin Laden should bring us a moment of clarity and time to examine a painful decade in American history. We must not give into our most simple emotions, to dance and chant and the death of our enemy in the same manner that many people that hate America celebrated on 9/11. We must fight our most basic inclination to thirst for vengeance and instead realize that as Americans, we can be above this vicious cycle of killing and revenge. Our generation must seize this extraordinary moment, arguably one that will reshape our national discourse and consciousness and build on it. The menace, Osama bin Laden, who divided our country, justified the erosion of our civil liberties and caused two wars, is gone. We must act now, before another threat roots itself in the American consciousness. Now is the time to assert our rights as American citizens for a government that protects individual liberty, practices financial restraint and engages in productive and open political discourse. We live in a country that allows the “freedom of thought” and truly, the way to win against “terror” is to exercise that freedom. Readers, the sentiments that I have laid out in this letter are by no means popular. In fact, some will be angry at the notion that we should not “celebrate” the death of an indisputably evil man. Others will not be able to process anything but unfettered joy and bloodlust at the killing of a terrorist leader. Nonetheless, I am not afraid to express how I feel about this critical moment in our history. We as Americans should never fall victim to bloodlust because then it’s only a matter of time before we crave the death of yet another. As I end my second year as editor-in-chief of Asian Outlook and type my final letter from the editor, I wish to impart one thing onto the reader. Listen to your conscience. On that night, while every ounce of my being wanted to celebrate alongside my classmates here in Binghamton, my conscience nagged at me and made me realize the need to think critically about this. More than that, I needed to commit those thoughts to paper and express to myself how I really felt. Never, ever be afraid to express yourself, be it through art, writing or the spoken word. Never fear holding an unpopular perspective or opinion. Defend what you hold dear and you will live your life satisfied and fulfilled. This is your right. However, clichéd these words may sound, this is advice that every person in our generation should hold dear. Especially for Asian-Americans, our parents’ generation never had a voice. They suffered indignities and hardships so that we may sit here in a university to receive an education. As much as your parents want you to earn money and be financially secure, they also want you to become a happy and fulfilled adult. Always be proud to be an Asian-American. Be proud of who you are as an individual. Express yourself and fight for a greater cause. Calvin Prashad Editor-in-Chief, Fall 2009 - Spring 2011

In this issue

ASIA OUTLO

letter from the editor...

ong have I considered that Asian-Americans, the so-called “model minorities,” will have to wait a considerable amount of time before achieving any sort of mainstream recognition. Misinformed or not, I have always personally believed that many employment or other opportunity rejections are tied to discrimination. Oh, it’s not just me, it’s because I’m Asian, isn’t it? If there is one thing being in Asian Outlook has pounded deep into my brain, it is to be yourself. As reinforcement, Far East Movement’s concert during Binghamton’s annual Spring Fling could not have come at a better time. The thousand-plus mouths on the faces that dotted the sea of students stretching from the lecture hall, to the library, to the student wing and academic buildings, screamed and chanted “Far East.” Asian, Caucasian, Latino and African-Americans alike chanted and cheered. It was recognition. The Far East Movement interview you will come across on page 22 will provide quite the enlightenment. But who better can provide lessons on being yourself than your own mother? Starting on page 16, these articles tell stories of different mothers for different people. Think about your own mother and you. As often as this question may be asked, but what has your mother taught you? For me, she told me to do my best. Spring 2011 marks only my fourth semester in Asian Outlook. I joined in the fall semester of 2009, starting out as a regular writer for my first issue. By the second issue, I was appointed copy editor. By the first issue of spring 2010, I became editor-in-chief alongside Calvin. There is no reason to hold yourself back under any circumstance. When I decided to join Asian Outlook, I was committed to offer as much as I could for the organization. While I am not the true activist that characterizes many members of Asian Outlook, I take great pride in the creative side of the magazine. I enjoy spending six straight hours transcribing an interview. I do not mind sitting in front of my laptop for eight consecutive hours, trying to sort out over a dozen articles for an upcoming issue. My point is to never doubt what you can do. There is no need to boast, but at least take pride in what you are capable of. Everyone is good at some things and terrible at others. For me, I am atrocious at math, I cannot sing for my life, and I certainly cannot dance. But I do hold skills in graphics; I can play the piano, bartend, and—to a certain degree— write something decent. Does that mean I will focus solely on my talents instead of my weaknesses? Definitely not. I do try to learn to dance when I can, for instance. I may be terrible, but I can guarantee I will stay terrible unless I try to improve. Do you fear writing or reading poetry? You will never stop the fear until you dive in. Next time you start secondguessing yourself and questioning your abilities, challenge yourself to learn something new. So what if you’re Asian? Are you supposed to be recognized for your mathematical genius or your knack for Starcraft? Or can you be a successful novelist or a politician or a worldfamous singer one day? Possibilities and opportunities are infinite. That is what I have learned. Hopefully, I can pass this mindset to all of our readers.

ASIAN OUTLOOK EXECUTIVE BOARD SPRING 2011 editors-in-chief copy editors

layout editors secretary business manager publicity managers

Jeff Hwang Calvin Prashad Alyssa Alimurung Diane Wong Jonathan Yee Lillian Lai Simon Wong Kayla Natrella Ivan Yeung Paul Yi Eve Zhang

EDITORIAL POLICY Asian Outlook is the art, literary and news magazine of the Asian Student Union of SUNY’s Binghamton University. Originally conceived and created to challenge, redefine, re-imagine and revolutionize images and perceptions associated with Asians and Asian-Americans, Asian Outlook also serves to protect the voice of those in the minority, whether by ethnicity, gender, and/or political orientation. All matter contained within these b`eautiful pages do not necessarily reflect the views of the editorial board. Asian Outlook reserves the right to edit submissions and publish work as deemed appropriate. Prospective contributors are encouraged to discuss their work with the editors prior to submissions. Articles may be submitted as an e-mail attachment to ao.editor@gmail.com. All artistic and literary pieces may be submitted to aoconscience@gmail.com.

Jeff Hwang Editor-in-Chief, Spring 2010 - Spring 2011

CONTACT POLICY

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Uninvited contact with writers and contributors is forbidden under punishment of pain. Please direct all questions, comments and complaints to ao.editor@gmail.com.

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Or come to our weekly meetings held in the Asian Student Union office (UUW-329) every Thursday at 7:30 p.m.

What is Multiculturalism? Social struggle, individual identities and how to build a stronger community

By Calvin Prashad “At the beginning of the 1960s our country called the foreign workers to come to Germany and now they live in our country,” said Ms. Merkel at the event in Potsdam, near Berlin. “We kidded ourselves a while. We said: ‘They won’t stay, [after some time] they will be gone,’ but this isn’t reality. And of course, the approach [to build] a multicultural [society] and to live side by side and to enjoy each other . . . has failed, utterly failed.” - Andrea Merkel, reported by the Christian Science Monitor on Oct. 17, 2010

erman Chancellor Andrea Most importantly, critical multiculturalism sexual orientation all make up components Merkel made this statement accepts the idea that diverse communities of an identity. A multicultural society is in the fall of 2010 and her are strong communties and that this a society that is able to accept different comments reflected an “solidarity of difference“ enables groups identities with the understanding that a underlying frustration among of people to collectively overcome their free society is not uniform, but dynamic, Germans with foreigners, particularly differences and find commonality in shared messy and individualistic. Countries that Turkish communities to assimilate into values and norms. attempt to suppress any expression of an larger German society. A recent poll in Far more important than the idea of identity fail as a guardian of liberty and fall fact found that thirty percent of Germans communties is the sense of self. the idea into the role of an oppressor. No matter believed that their country was “overrun that identities are unque and inalienable. how well intentioned such efforts may by foreigners.” This sentiment echoes For citizens of Western democracies, our be, governments must learn to realize the across Europe and even in America where individual rights stem from the belief importance of a diverse society. anti-immigrant and anti-multicultural in the individual and his or her right to So then, what of those ethnic enclaves that sentiment has hit all-time highs. liberty. In turn, all inalienable rights in our seem to resist learning the native language, Truly though, what is multiculturalism? governing documents guarantee the right to adopting local customs and assimilating? Is it the forcible acceptance of other cultures an individual’s identity. Multiculturalism Do Chinatowns and Koreatowns represent even at the detriment of an intentional effort by our national identity? Is Critical multiculturalism accepts the idea that diverse immigrants to “live apart” it forcing the majority to from their fellow citizens? communities are strong communties and that this Ethnic neighborhoods are make special provisions and privileges for entitled “solidarity of difference“ enables groups of people a convenient scapegoat minorities? by anti-immigration to collectively overcome their differences and find critics as an example I cannot pretend that there is a single, of a weakening of a commonality in shared values and norms. monolithic definition of national identity and multiculturalism. Just deliberate attempts to as with any “-ism” there is a high element should be that the acceptance that several avoid integration. Of course, the fallacy in of distortion and disagreement over the factors, independent of nationality, this line of thought is that immigrants can term. The fact of the matter is that to me, contribute to an individual’s identity. somehow “flip a switch” and assimilate by multiculturalism is neither a system of In a free society, people are free to have adopting a new national identity. Living entitlement nor an oppressive liberal multicultural identities rather than have an amongst people of the same ethnic group, ideology. It is not a means to highlight identity dictated to them by the government, conversing in another language and the differences between minority groups media or community. patronizing ethnic establishments are not a and place values on other communties. A national identity is not the sole willful attempt to subvert a nations’ identity Critical multiculturealism is the idea that identity of an individual. It is especially and “live apart” from all others. The fact conventional history is incomplete and not the role of the government to dictate of the matter is that even for immigrants missing the experiences of diverse groups the identity of its citizens. Especially given that are more than willing to immediately of people. It seeks not to enforce an ideology, the transnational nature of our lives and the learn English and become “Americans,” a but provide an alternative view so that freedom of individual choice, factors such safety net does not exist to help speed their others may reach conclusions of their own. as religion, ethnicity, heritage, regions and integration. Adopting any nationality,

ASIAN OUTLOOK

Anti-discrimination poster, Hong Kong Metro. South Asian laborers and Filipino domestic servants are a frequent target of discrimination in Hong Kong.

especially “American,” requires a gradual process that may span several generations. Of course, proponents of uniculturalism will point to the harmonious nature of unicultural nation states. For many nations, this means a government indivisible by ethnic strife and a country with a powerful unifying identity. South Korea, by far, is one of the most ethnically homogenous nations on Earth. The Korean government proudly celebrates its unified national identity as a “one race nation” and points to a record of accomplishments that built South Korea into a thriving economy. The level of infrastructure throughout the country is exceptionally high as the government has a stake in providing equal services in even the most rural areas. So then, wouldn’t South Korea, with its strong Korean identity be the “ideal” society? The truth is South Korean society is anything but harmonious. The strong South Korean identity marginalizes even North

Korea refugees that settle in South Korea. These refugees have very slight differences, from dialects to traditions to cuisine. These small differences however, lead to a stigma which results in significant social alienation. Even worse is the marginalization of mixed race children in Korea society. The stigma attached to them stems from the fact that they are usually the product of American soldiers and Korean women. Already living difficult lives with single mothers, their situation is compounded by the strict notion of what it means to be “Korean.” In the same manner, a unicultural America, with a narrow definition of what it means to be an American will inevitably lead to an even greater alienation of immigrant communities. Arguably, there is no room for any sort of multiculturalism in Korean society and even if these individuals with slightly different background wanted to assimilate, the larger society would almost surely reject them. South Korea is 99

percent ethnically Korean, so it is easy to see why such a society exists. This of course, cannot be the case in America. America’s identity relates directly to the roots of its people, overwhelmingly immigrant and diverse. Even the most assimilated will proudly speak of their Italian, Irish, or Jewish roots. No one person is truly all American. Even American is a multicultural entity melding ethnic, cultural and religious identities into a dynamic individual. To proclaim that multiculturalism has “failed” is to declare a limited understanding of the term and the core concept behind it. Picture Source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hk_antidiscrimination_poster.jpg

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

Take Back Yoga:

A Battle among Those I

` Hindu Statue of Lord Shiva or Nataraja performing his “Cosmic Dance”

ASIAN OUTLOOK

n Search of Inner Peace By Kayla Natrella

Lord Krishna says: “Thus, by always keeping the mind fixed on the Self, the yogi whose mind is subdued attains peace of the Supreme nirvana by uniting with Me.” –Bhagavad Gita chapter 6, verse 15

racticed by about 15 million people in the United States, yoga has become just as American as football and Thanksgiving turkey. Recently, however, the Hindu American Foundation has initiated a “Take Back Yoga” campaign to re-associate yoga with its Hindu origin. The problem for many Hindu Americans is that yoga has become mainstream in American society, while Hinduism remains stereotyped as a backward faith of many colorful gods, venerated cows, and an oppressive caste system. Swaminathan Venkataraman calls the denial and rejection of yoga’s Hindu roots an example of “disguised Hinduphobia,” not unlike the prevalent Islamophobia that continues to plague America. Unfortunately, many Hindus who profit from the growing $5.7 billion yoga industry do nothing to confront the problem, afraid to risk their fortunes. Instead, as it is so common in our capitalist society, they join many others in commercializing, commodifying and objectifying this ancient practice. In a letter to the Yoga Journal, which sparked the Take Back Yoga campaign, Suhag A. Shukla expressed disappointment at the lack of reference to Hinduism in the publication. She complains that “Hindus across America and around the world face religious bigotry, hate speech and human rights abuses because of fundamental misunderstandings about their religion, [while] at the same time, millions are turning to the power and benefits of yoga”—something she describes as one of the greatest contributions of Hinduism. In the beginning of her letter, Shukla inserts a quote from page 65 of the Yoga Journal: “There are examples of this [yoga] in all devotional traditions—mystical Christianity, Judaism and Sufism, and especially in the bhakti tradition of India…” The journal associates yoga with these major religions, but leaves out Hinduism. Another omission of the word “Hindu” or “Hinduism” in the journal occurs in the description of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali and the Bhagavad Gita as two yogic texts, rather than Hindu texts or scriptures. Another blatant attempt to avoid association with Hinduism appears in the book, “The Essence of Vedanta” by Brian Hodgkinson, which is one of a series that include “The Essence of Jesus,” “The Essence of Buddhism,” “The Essence of Tao” and “The Essence of Sufism,” among others. When I picked up the book in the entrance of a yoga studio in Mahopac, NY, I was initially impressed that the particular studio was not shying away from yoga’s Hindu roots. At a closer glance, however, I noticed that the book did not mention the word “Hinduism” on either cover and instead used “Advaita Vedanta”—the name of the most popular school of Hinduism. I turned to the introduction, hoping to find something

Yoga Pose: Natarajasana

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

“For Hindus, yoga is one of the most effective paths to God and thus, yoga is an integral part of Hinduism and not just something that some Hindus do.” about Hinduism, but when I finally did, I was disappointed. The of the most effective paths to God and thus, yoga is an integral part text names Samkara—a famous Hindu philosopher—as one of the of Hinduism and not just something that some Hindus do. major contributors to Advaita Vedanta. It also recognizes the Vedas Many who practice yoga have a problem with the H.A.F.’s Take (founding texts of Hinduism), the Upanishads (post-Vedantic Hindu Back Yoga campaign because they misunderstand the mission. texts, often considered as an extension of the Vedas) and even the H.A.F. is not claiming that Hinduism or any group of people has Bhagavad Gita as texts of Advaita Vedanta, but says that although they ownership of yoga, or that anyone who practices yoga is practicing are related, Advaita Vedanta is not Hinduism or a form of Hinduism. Hinduism. According to the website, H.A.F. “reaffirms that yoga, Would the series claim that Jesus is not part of Christianity? Or that ‘an inward journey, where you explore your mind, your awareness, belief in the Tao is not Taoism? No. Unfortunately, there is a taboo your consciousness, your conscience,’ which is an essential part of on Hinduism that stems from Hindu belief and practice. But its negative stereotypes. the science of yoga and the These omissions or elusions immense benefits its practice are common and seem to be affords are for the benefit of intentional, as the Yoga Journal all of humanity regardless of told the Hindu American personal faith.” H.A.F. is only Foundation (H.A.F.) that arguing that to disassociate “Hinduism carries too much yoga from Hinduism and baggage.” The implication to deny the indisputable that Hinduism carries too connection is ahistorical, much baggage, while other insincere, and invidious. religions like Christianity It is ironic that yogins and Islam do not, have incited would be so reluctant to outrage among Hinduassociate yoga with Hinduism, Americans. Yogins should use while associating it with their influence to eradicate various other religions, since these false stereotypes of yoga is supposed to be nonHinduism (“baggage” as some discriminatory and about at Yoga Journal call it), rather finding inner peace. It is than disassociate themselves especially ironic that yogins from Hinduism to avoid the would not want to associate with potential loss of business. such a pluralistic and tolerant As is the case with most faith. Sheetal Shah, H.A.F.’s serious yogins, those who Director of Development, emphatically claim that yoga affirms Hinduism’s tolerance owes no debt to Hinduism Aum/Om: The sacred syllable of Hinduism, commonly chanted during the in an interview with NPR, consider The Yoga Sutras of saying, “Because the idea practice of yoga Patanjali to be a kind of “bible” within Hinduism is that the or founding text of yoga. Even Patanjali, a professed Hindu, refers to whole world is one family, and that the divine resides within each yoga as “one of the six Dharshanas or systems of Indian philosophy,” of us.” That’s, essentially, the idea of yoga as well. According to the replacing Hinduism with the euphemistic “Indian philosophy.” Like Dutchess County Hindu Samaj, “a true Hindu will have no problem the Indian philosophy that Patanjali refers to, Hinduism also has six in accepting all other faiths. He will never say, ‘Oh, I am only a Hindu. systems: sankhya, nyaya, vaisheshika, mimasa, vedanta and yoga. I am not a Catholic. I’m not a Buddhist. I’m not a Muslim.’” The same Despite that striking similarity and the authority of Patanjali’s page says, “Hinduism never rejects or denies anything or anybody;” texts, some yogins still argue that Patanjali’s “Indian philosophy” unfortunately, in this case, it is Hinduism that is being rejected and and Hinduism are not the same. It is even more ridiculous to ignore denied. the fact that many yoga poses are named after Hindu deities and yoga is referred to in both Hindu vedic texts, which are considered Sources: to be the oldest and most sacred texts still in use, and the Bhagavad http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/international/disguised-hinduphobia http://www.H.A.F.site.org/media/pr/takeyogaback Gita, arguably the most important Hindu text. Yoga is tightly entwined in Hindu faith and philosophy. Hindus http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/international/the-audacity-of-ignorance believe that God exists in each person as atman—which can be loosely http://www.H.A.F.site.org/sites/default/files/YogaJournalLetter.pdf translated as soul—and through self-realization or realization http://www.hindusamajtemple.org/hinduism/hinduism.htm http://www.npr.org/2011/03/24/134822766/Has-Yoga-Strayed-Too-Far-From-Itsof God within, one can escape from the cycle of reincarnation Hindu-Roots and rejoin with the one supreme God. Pluralistic, they generally http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/28/nyregion/28yoga.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&pa believe that there is not just one way to reach that level of spiritual gewanted=2 development and enlightenment, but many. For Hindus, yoga is one

ASIAN OUTLOOK

Study Chinese first, then learn Spanish!

(Shouxian yao xuexi zhongwen. Luego tienen que aprender Español) By Karoline Kaon New York state mandates that students take a foreign language in high school in order to graduate. Unfortunately, New York elementary and middle school students are not required to take any foreign language courses until high school. Growing up in New York City, I was fortunate enough to have taken a foreign language class in middle school.

n high school, I was given options of different foreign languages I could take. However, there are seven states that mandate foreign language beginning in elementary school: Louisiana, Maine, North Carolina, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas. I was really upset that in New York there is not any legislation mandating foreign language at the commencement of a student’s education. Moreover, in the United States only 20 states require foreign language as a graduation requirement in high school. That means that more than half of the students in the United States are never given the opportunity to learn a foreign language. Then it is no coincidence that Nicholas D. Kristof states in his article “Primero Hay Que Aprender Español. Ranhou Zai Xue Zhongwen” (“First learn Spanish. Then study Chinese”) that Americans are known for not speaking another language besides English. Kristof’s article points out the importance of American children learning foreign languages. He focuses more though on the changing mentality of parents, who are replacing violin or piano lessons, soccer and other extracurricular activities with Chinese classes. He says that out of 1600 public schools, only 80 schools are offering Chinese. As time progresses hopefully there will be more schools offering Chinese to provide students with the opportunity to learn this language. The argument that Kristof is trying to make is that foreign language, Chinese specifically, is an important language; but that children at a very early age should master Spanish because it’s more practical. Spanish is easy because its grammar and vocabulary resemble English a lot more, compared to Chinese. According to the 2000 census, there are 28.1 million Spanish speakers in the United States. In total, the U.S. in 2000 has 46 million non-English speakers and a little more than half of nonEnglish speakers were Spanish speakers. This shows that the chance of finding someone to talk to in Spanish is very likely. Kristof claims that after children learn Spanish, “they will retain it for life” because

Juliet Chu teaches a High School Chinese language class in Holmdel, New Jersey they will have the opportunity to use what they learn. Spanish is almost like a practical skill that can be applied in a student’s everyday life. Let’s say you are dining out, being able to order your food in Spanish and hold a conversation with the waiter is impressive. But it also demonstrates your ability to use the language skill you have acquired. An even more likely situation is if someone who speaks only Spanish asks you for directions and you can use what you’ve learned to direct him or her. The statements Kristof makes are valid, but I feel like learning Chinese as a child would be a lot easier in the long run than learning Spanish first. Since Spanish is so closely tied to English, learning Spanish in school would be easy for American students; to learn Chinese at a later age would take a lot more time and effort. Speaking from my own experience, I had the opportunity to learn Chinese. but as a kid I didn’t want to go to Chinese school on the weekends. I am currently taking Chinese at Binghamton University and I probably would have learned Chinese a lot faster than I am now. As a kid I was continually exposed to Chinese, but now my phone calls home are

the most Chinese I’ll hear for months. In addition, learning a language as a kid does not take up too much time since most classes have a very light work load. But learning a language in college takes up a huge portion of my time and it has to be practiced constantly. However, in high school I did take Italian classes and I felt like Italian was much easier than Chinese. This reinforces Kristof’s point that because Spanish or in my case Italian, so closely resembles English it is much easier for students to learn. I think as long as children are learning a foreign language that they enjoy whether it is Chinese, Japanese, Spanish or Italian is all that matters. I do think it is important to start teaching children a language at a very young age because it is a lot easier to learn. This time, I have to agree with the parents putting their kids in Chinese classes instead of piano lessons. Picture Source: http://blog.nj.com/njv_george_berkin/2009/05/ foreign_language_lesson.html

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

Love is not meant

to be forced By: Roxy Dinh

ince the day I left Vietnam for college in the United States, I have not only learnt crucial academic knowledge in business and political science but also aggregated novel things about many different cultures in such a diversified environment of Binghamton University. Exposure to cultural differences inspires people to adopt new values, yet many of them create controversy between people of different points of view. For instance, the popularity of arranged marriage in the Hindu and Muslim world has raised strong opposition within the Western population. Though I have respect toward different religious and cultural practices, I still believe that arranged marriage should be reconsidered from the point of view of modern society. The general idea of arranged marriage is that the parents of both parties take into account family conditions, personalities of their child’s potential partner, mutual interests, and astrological compatibility of the future couple in order to find a suitable spouse for their daughter or son. This practice is quite popular in countries like India, Pakistan and Indonesia due to the importance of family reputation in their religious and cultural beliefs. Particularly, the wisdom in arranged marriage is a significant component of Hindu culture because Hindus believe that all important individuals, including the elders, the gods, and even the cows witness the couple’s promise of lifetime commitment during the wedding. Thus, divorce is generally a shame for not only the couple but also their extended families. Similarly, Muslims appreciate durability of marriages much more than romantic love. To them, marriage is the only way to maintain the family heritage. As a result, older demographics prefer arranging marriages over love marriage for their kids with a hope of a more enduring and stable marital relationship. However, it is reasonable to be skeptical at such a type of marriage that lacks the most crucial foundation: mutual love. According to Women’s International Network News, about 90 percent of Pakistani marriages are arranged by parents without the potential

ASIAN OUTLOOK

couple’s consent or without meeting each other in advance of their wedding. Perhaps the parents have already done a lot of research and found a perfect match with the exact same hobbies as their daughter or son’s. Nevertheless, the foundation of a successful marriage is built upon not only common interests and equivalent family status but also mutual trust and passionate love. How can two people who have never talked to each other have feelings and faith in their own marriage? Living with somebody as your husband or wife is not as simple as living with your college roommate because those two individuals who have never met each other before the wedding will have to make commitment, have sex to make kids, arrange budgets, divide tasks and plan the future of their family. Proponents argue that arranged marriage appears to have lower rate of divorce than that of free Western marriage. Of course it does! What else can an unhappy couple do beside go with the flow when divorce is obviously not a possible option given the pressure from families and society? Commitment and trust may finally bloom after years of living together and sharing responsibilities, but it was not mutual love at the beginning that brought the two souls together.

“According to Women’s International Network News, about 90 percent of Pakistani marriages are arranged by parents without the potential couple’s consent or without meeting each other in advance of their wedding.” Arranged marriage varies. There is the “modified traditional pattern” where parents organize for two parties to meet each other and then the candidates make the final decision themselves. But there is also the worst case—forced marriage—when parents coerce their children to get married, usually at very young age, regardless of whether their son or daughter wants to or not. For instance, parents

<< Russhita Singh plays the character Tulsi in Eat, Pray, Love, who wants to attend university but she is forced into a marriage. manipulate their kids to travel to countries that allow arranged marriage. Sometimes, they may even lie about a grandparent’s illness to convince their kids to go there. Subsequently, when he or she arrives, they will take away his or her passport and make him or her get married with the arranged partner. The obsession with forced marriage creates great fear among the young generation whenever they are asked to visit countries with arranged marriage traditions. For instance, just a few weeks ago, in California, a 13-year-old girl ran away from home because her stepfather is Pakistani and she believed that her mother’s offer of the two-month trip to Pakistan was a plan of arranging marriage. Forced marriage violates The Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the United Nations which was proposed to recognize fundamental rights of every individual on this Earth regardless of their race, sex, nationality, religion or age. For instance, it states that everyone has the right to live, own freedom and independently choose his or her partner for marriage. Specifically, forced marriage breaches Section 16 of the Declaration which says “Men and women of full age… have the right to marry… Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses…” Forcing and arranging marriages are different. There is a very thin line between these two practices that can make arranged marriage become forced marriage. On the surface, forced marriage is currently illegal in India and Pakistan. Yet, sadly, there is no true enforcement mechanism to punish those who still continuously practice it on their children. Last but not least, arranged marriage is a custom of sexism. Women around the world have illustrated their significant roles in society by acquiring advanced education, succeeding in professions, creating their own fashion, and controlling their own marital and sexual lives. Yet, in the Hindu and Muslim worlds, things are not the same. Parents favor arranged marriage for their daughters because in Hindu and Islamic

culture, girls are strictly prohibited to date or engage in any physical activity, especially sex, with any man before marriage. Therefore, it is absolutely important that girls get married with whomever the parents choose as soon as possible because letting the girls attend college, travel around or work outside of the house will create opportunities for them to start “inappropriate” relationships with boys. In the famous Hollywood movie, Eat, Pray, Love, released just last year, Liz Gilbert, an independent and adventurous American woman, leaves New York to travel around the world. During her trip to India, she met a 17-year-old Indian girl named Tulsi who was going to have her own arranged wedding very soon despite her desire to attend college. Throughout the story, the audience can understand Tulsi’s unwillingness to get married by listening to her conversation with Liz. “Why was I born an Indian girl?” said Tulsi. While Hindu and Muslim men can freely prove their solid standing by stepping out to the world and following their dreams, sadly, young, smart and beautiful women like Tulsi are stuck in an invisible prison where they cannot make their decisions on their own future career and happiness. Is it fair? It is not true to say that arranged marriage is a totally ridiculous and unwise practice since there have been a lot of happy couples that resulted from marital arrangement that last for a lifetime. As an 18-year-old girl, I might not be wise enough to understand the wonderful historic and cultural background that led to arranged marriage customs of today. However, I do understand one thing: love can’t be forced. Nobody forces me to choose the one I love. Nobody forced my parents to come to each other. Marriage should be the ripe fruit of love—the celebration when two hearts combine to become one soul. Therefore, once again, with my appreciation for different cultures, I certainly assert that parents should stop arranging marriages for the good of their future generations.

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

Reborn with Perseverance By Hanna Chang

Trials and tribulations happen in everyone’s life but the true test of character is in one’s perseverance through the most difficult times. In this essay, Hanna Chang writes about a personal experience that tested the limits of her courage. Have you ever had a life changing moment? An experience that altered your perspective? These experiences shape our paths and define our futures. Note: This narrative essay was written for the course, ESL 210. The assignment was to write about a personal, life changing experience.

erseverance is an unsung virtue. It is neither flashy nor celebrated. To become a persevering person is really hard. However, if people become patient people, then they can have infinite ability to do well on everything while they are living. When I think about the word, perseverance, I think about my Korean traditions. Koreans are related to that word because they have built an economic miracle from the ruble of the Korean War. So, in my mind, the quality of perseverance defines the typical Korean. Because I’m Korean, I should be a persevering person. However, the word perseverance was never related to me. Even my parents could not think the word perseverance when they looked at me until I met with a horrible accident. That horrible accident changed, taught, and helped me to be born again and to find my new life. Certainly, the horrible accident which has carried me from my darkest time taught me a lesson that being a courageous person makes impossible things become possible. The drudgery of life removes meaning and joy. Before the accident occurred, my life was so boring and the same things repeated every day. I thought each person has his or her own daily routine because my life had a type of routine. Also, the monotonous life made me so lazy and I gave up on everything quickly. Through my repetitive life, I never tried my best in anything. However, one big event changed my whole life. When I was 11, I suffered a terrible car accident which hospitalized me for six months. It ruined my

ASIAN OUTLOOK

wish, my goal, and my dream. The accident happened when I stepped out of a bus. At the same time a speeding motorcycle came and hit me. The speeding motorcycle actually threw my small body into the air. After I dropped on the road from the air, several cars rolled over my legs. After that situation, I could not remember what happened to me. Two days later, I woke up and I realized that I was in a hospital bed. I looked at my legs. I thought that my two legs were broken. I saw

“Do not lose faith in yourself. Although we cannot control what happens to our lives, what we can control is how we react to the circumstances. Be faithful and persevere.” the doctor who was talking to my parents without a smile even though I woke up after two days from the accident. I heard what the doctor said to my parents which was that it would be hard for me to walk normally again. How could a girl who loved to watch and play active sports live with two useless legs? This trauma was too hard to understand for an 11year old girl and the only thing that I could do was cry. During the darkest time, my father always encouraged me. He always said to

me; “Hanna, do not lose faith in yourself. Although we cannot control what happens to our lives, what we can control is how we react to the circumstances. Be faithful and persevere.” He always tried to encourage me to be happy and praying to get what I wanted. He often brought dolls, pictures of foreign places, and pairs of shoes. Specifically, he bought a pair of pretty shoes every month. With those presents, he promised that he would go anywhere with me wearing those pretty shoes. However, I did not believe that. I never imagined that I could walk again in the future. I always thought about what I would miss in my life. How could my tiny and insensible legs work normally again? Nevertheless, my father’s effort and the pretty shoes helped me to change my mind slowly. One day I realized that my parents cried every day while holding and massaging my two tiny legs when I was sleeping in the hospital. As I could not walk anymore, my two tiny legs always swelled up badly every day. My father always massaged my legs for good blood circulation. I did not want to hear and see my parents’ crying anymore. With my family’s encouragement, I began to take small steps towards my new wish. One day, I decided to go out with my family. My older brother took me to a nearby park. It was the first time to go out of the hospital to refresh my spirit and feel the air again after the accident. It made me so happy because my family had not spent time together for a long time. At the park, I saw so many people who were jogging along the way and families

who had come to the park for a picnic. When I returned to the hospital, I realized that I really wanted to walk and run and go out and spend time with my family more. After the first time going out to the park, I rose in the early mornings to follow my father to the jogging course along the HanRiver with the pretty shoes which my father gave me as a present. However, as I could not walk; the only thing that I could do was sit in a wheel chair, looking around the park because I could not balance or stand on my two tiny legs. At that time I thought about my actions. Going to the Han-River to rehabilitate my body represented Korean people’s lifeblood and their determined spirit. After I came back to the hospital, I decided to start rehabilitation to get back a normal life Firstly, I practiced standing by myself by holding two parallel bars. After that, I learned how to balance my body without holding something. Finally, I succeeded in standing by myself because I practiced a lot every day and patiently strivedto be perfect. I did not rush the time because of the result. I kept patiently trying to walk like a normal person. After I could walk without any help, my jogging began as a light exercise; first in 200-meter intervals, then 300-meter, and so on. I always felt and thought that

every step seemed like a miracle when I jogged. I felt proud of myself because I kept saying that, “Here was a girl whom the doctors believed may not walk again, but I was jogging, leaving behind the accident,

“With resolve, I accepted my plight quietly and pushed my limits, the boundaries of my hopes and wishes. With those thoughts, I kept running.” the pain, and the doubts” to myself and my doctor when I went to the hospital to check my legs’ progress. As my favorite sport is running, running was not just a rehabilitation exercise for me. It was a personal statement that I would overcome the situation which limited me, and I could conquer adversity with the belief from my heart again. With resolve, I accepted my plight quietly and pushed my limits, the boundaries of my hopes

and wishes. With those thoughts, I kept running. I did not know where this miracle came from. Maybe it was my father’s fervent prayers which simply healed my two legs. Running every day as an exercise does not mean that my legs were fully recovered from the accident in about six months, but at least it meant the accident period had ended. After I could run as an exercise, running became a daily routine for me. When I returned to school, I joined the marathon team and competed. After I practiced a lot to complete the marathon, I joined one of the marathon competitions. In the 2004 annual marathon competition of the western Seoul district elementary schools, I got the silver medal for completing a 5-kilometer course in 20 minutes and 25 seconds. The medal, award and completing a marathon meant so much to me because it was not just a simple marathon like other people thought. My goal to complete a marathon was not running faster than others. Actually, the medal represented my perseverance and my quiet challenge to recover myself. Nowadays, when I have a bad feeling, I grab my running shoes. After that I walk out of my house and go to the side walk where I can begin my jogging. I look up to the sky and take a deep breath. I look forward. And then, I run.

Photo Credits: http://www.highfillperformancegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Feet-walking.jpg

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

memoria:

My Mother By Johnny Thach

One moment can change your life forever. That moment, for me, was when my mom passed away 10 years ago around this time.

ooking back in retrospect, she was my closest friend and the only one that understood me. She took care of me whenever I needed somebody to hold and talk to. It was the motherly warmth that can never be replaced. I never had a chance to appreciate all she did; she passed away in a car accident when I was only 10. That morning wasn’t like any other morning. I came upstairs from the basement to eat breakfast, the usual hot dog with ramen noodles. My mom picked up the phone, but she began to weep. My grandfather passed away in his sleep in Vietnam. She still drove me to school and worked at the family laundromat throughout the day. Later that night, she decided that she would fly back to Vietnam to attend my grandfather’s funeral despite my dad’s protests, believing that it would be bad luck. However, he understood that my grandfather meant the world to my mom so he decided to let her go. The night she left for the airport I hugged and kissed her goodbye on the cheek. I promised her that I would do well in school and told her to come back quickly. One week later, I was ecstatic that she was coming home. She brought souvenirs and picked me up from school that night, talking about her entire trip during the drive back home. At home, we watched all of the videos that she recorded in Vietnam—together for the last time as a family—eating dinner and listening to music. I asked her if she was coming to my band recital the following night and she promised that she would come. The day after the recital felt like an ordinary day. My mom took me to school and promised to pick me up after school. But when she did, I was exhausted. I remember that it was a Friday and she asked if I was hungry, but I shook my head. She continued to drive back home. The last words that I heard from my mom were that she was tired and asked me to keep her awake. I couldn’t even do that. I couldn’t keep her awake. I fell asleep. A few blocks from home, she, too, fell asleep at the wheel and the car plunged into a tree. I can’t recall what happened after the accident, but I heard that while I was still unconscious, my mom used all of her strength to open the door and call for help before collapsing onto the floor. I dreamed that the car steered to the right and I turned my head left only to see my mom asleep at the wheel. It was too late by then. I woke up on a stretcher with a bright light flashing at my face en route to the emergency room. I remember asking for my mom, but

ASIAN OUTLOOK

the doctors, dressed in white, only asked me to keep breathing with the oxygen mask strapped onto my face. I fell asleep afterwards. My mom was also brought to the emergency room as my dad massaged her feet. She asked my dad to take care of me, to make sure that I will able to go to college, all as he kept telling her that everything would be all right. But she didn’t make it. There was too much internal bleeding. To this day, I don’t know how I was able to survive. I didn’t wear the seatbelt, although now I always make sure that I do. Remember to wear seatbelts; they are of upmost importance. The doctors said that I was lucky, as if I was given a second chance to live. I woke up a week and a half after the accident to my dad, older brother and other relatives that surrounded my bed with flowers and balloons. There, I asked about my mom and my dad, falling immediately into tears, told me what had happened. You really never know what you have until it’s gone from your life. Overcoming what had happened, the ensuing depression throughout middle school and the many obstacles that came afterwards, what I learned is that you can’t be afraid of whatever life throws at you. Remember that it is important to stay optimistic and believe that you have the ability to overcome all obstacles and make a difference in the world. That, and you shouldn’t dwell on the past. Instead, you should learn from it and do the best in everything that you do now. My mom was a kind and warm-hearted person. I remember that she would always lend a hand in order to help others whenever they needed help. She was hard-working and tried to make everyone happy in expense of her own wellbeing. She’s my inspirational figure as she kept the family intact. Moments with her were the happiest moments of my life and I still live my life according to how she would have wanted me to. But the reality was that I didn’t have a motherly figure to support me anymore in my life. I was always jealous of those who did, and disliked those that took their mom for granted. Everyone should love and cherish their mom, because one day she won’t be there anymore to support and guide you. This year, make sure to wish your mom a Happy Mother’s Day.

Playground Antics

Lessons By Jonathan Yee

Based on childhood memories and lessons my mother taught me.

“You are letting other people shame us.”

hat’s the rough Cantonese to English translation of what my mother taught me since as early I could remember. She would have different ways of saying that. Sometimes, it would just come out as an elongated sigh. I still have a haunting memory from my childhood when I was four years old and was scolded for misbehaving on a playground. There was something about the urgency in her voice and in her distorted facial expression that would tell me exactly what she meant. I can’t describe it, but I can describe how I felt afterwards. It was a weird mix of pain, discomfort and confusion. A loved one’s disapproval is strangely disempowering. By then, my normally boisterous 4-year-old self was silent. I let go of my toys and stared at the other people in the park, looking to see if other people noticed my mother scolding me. My heart started beating faster as I realized I was being watched. No. Stared at. I became painfully self-aware as I panicked. What had I done? Just moments before, I was running around in the playground with other children. I guess I got a little carried away when I felt my mother’s hand grab mine. I stopped. The memories become fuzzy after that point. What I remember from that day was that my mother did not approve of something that I had done, and the whole world seemed to take notice. In fact, that’s what most of my childhood lessons looked like: I did something wrong and I brought shame to myself and my family. I never thought about how painful these lessons were until my college years. When I was young, I was confused. I didn’t understand why my mother felt this way about our family. I used to wonder why we had to be so secretive about family issues. When our family went through crises, any kind of crises, my mother would tell me to keep the issues to myself. But I wondered why? Why couldn’t my mother go to her sisters for help? Why couldn’t I tell a friend about a problem my family was going through? Why couldn’t my uncles help with our predicament? I now realize how important image is to my mother. When I was young, I didn’t worry too much about what other people thought about me. But my mother was more aware than I was. She knew the world was not as forgiving as it seemed, and this influenced many things that she taught me as a child. It was a never-ending list of things I shouldn’t do. Don’t act out. Don’t wear flashy clothing unless you are going to a fancy gathering. Don’t go out late at night. Don’t do anything that could draw attention to you. The reason for not doing these things? Because it will make us look bad.

But image was important to my mother for a reason. As the daughter of a farmer in a peasant village, my mother and her siblings held the weight of the entire family’s pride on their shoulders. Poverty was a strong and damaging stigma that affected my mother’s family. Although she spent her entire life trying to get out of poverty and making sure she never returned to that place of hardship again, there is still a deep sense of shame that my family still holds on to. I now realize how these experiences shaped me as a person today. It was in college that I realized that there needs to be failure in order for success to come. I care about what my mother thinks of me, but I can only placate her demands to a limited extent. I am my own person and I will make my own mistakes. The greatest freedom I experienced was when I allowed myself to make mistakes for the sake of learning from them. I can only hope the same for my mother, that she will one day liberate herself from the shame-based culture that she grew up in.

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

I Mothers

媽 ARE

Special By Jeff Hwang

went through this phase in elementary school. Perhaps many children around the ages of 7 to 10—namely the latter years of elementary school—go through this phase. Many Asian parents, stereotype or not, expect their children to be at their best in all fields, especially in academics. Thus, for these children, there was no greater pain than knowing that they have disappointed their caregivers. Nearly 15 years ago, at some point in fourth grade, I made an incredibly wise decision. Knowing that I was performing subpar at the time, and with report cards coming my way, I figured if I could make some minor “edits,” I would not have to deal with my parents and their waves of disappointment. Wise. Incredibly wise decision. I vividly recall my mother tending to her own business on the second floor and my father being at work while I scurried silently around the dining room on the first floor. Off came my bulging backpack. Out came my slightly crumpled report card. There they were: those ugly, malicious marks. The outstanding students had their report cards bathed in E’s for “Excellent.” Great students, though not quite outstanding, had their shares of E’s, but owned mostly G’s for “Good.” Then there were the average kids—the okay kids— who saw their report cards covered with S’s. That would be simply “Satisfactory.” But grades also included U’s for “Unsatisfactory” and even N’s for “Needs Improvement.” If I think about it now, the N’s were redundant. Wouldn’t unsatisfactory grades prompt the need for improvement anyway? Regardless, I admit I did not receive too many E’s. In fact, I could count both the E’s and G’s with my God-given fingers. However, the S’s and U’s were more than two handfuls. I smelled the disappointment in the air. So what exactly was my incredibly wise decision? Back then, I did most of my homework and exams in pencil. I liked to erase my mistakes. Unfortunately for me, the grades on the report card were marked in bright blue ink. As a result, there was only one way for me to “erase my mistakes.” I

discovered a mystical potion called Wite-Out. I believe I did a remarkable job substituting most of the S’s and U’s for E’s and G’s, while sprinkling only a couple of S’s here and there. Obviously I could not give myself all E’s; no one would believe that, not even my parents. Who was I fooling besides myself? It was perfect. The grades were “edited” with precision, in the same handwriting as Mrs. Bernstein, my sweet fourth grade teacher. Unsatisfactory behavior? Unheard of. For all my parents knew, I displayed excellent behavior. Satisfactory participation? Well, now it was good participation. In a span of 36 hours, from showing my parents my spectacular report card—which, at that moment, I forgot they had to sign— returning the signed report card back to Mrs. Bernstein the next day, and going back to class the day later thinking I was home free… The disappointment I smelled two days prior finally reared its ugly head. Even though my father was usually the one doing most of the angry shouting and scolding, for some reason I distinctly remember my mother’s stunned, utterly confused expression garnished by this aura of disappointment worth 100 times the Earth’s gravitational force. I was crushed, but I could not imagine how crushed my parents must have felt. I would have preferred the conventional shouting and scolding. The silent I-cannot-believe-you stare was too much for an 8-year-old to handle. Eventually that situation was corrected

and I was forgiven for my mistake. In the next 14 years, I’ve disappointed my parents by stealing Pokémon cards from a store in fifth grade, failing my first test ever in a sixth grade English class, getting a quarter’s grade of 45 out of 100 in technology class in seventh grade, getting caught for watching porn sometime around then, becoming a sloth upon discovering the joys of playing copious amounts of video and computer games around ninth grade, letting my high school cumulative GPA drop from 4.3 to 3.8 between junior and senior year—thereby letting my class rank drop from top 10 to top 30. I’ve disappointed my parents by being unable to decide on a major upon entering Binghamton University, spending too much money too recklessly throughout all four years, being unable to maintain a decent relationship without eventually having someone’s heart shattering into a million pieces, showing no sign of taking the initiative to go out into the world and make a name for myself, and so on and so forth. Despite my shortcomings, I would have to thank both my parents for everything they’ve provided—or rather, providing— and definitely for how they’ve managed to put up with me in the last two decades. For the sake of this piece, I will focus on my mother. There are traditional Asian mothers. There are second-generation AsianAmerican mothers. There are those in between. I would have to categorize my mother as one in between. Standing around

How do you like dem apples?

5 feet and 6 inches, give or take a centimeter or so, she already towers over most Asian women. With 2 to 3-inch heels, she could match or exceed my father’s height. This year, at the age of 49, she is still seen with nary a white strand in her shoulder-length hair—a great portion is highlighted light red and brown—making her seem at least 10 years younger. She was raised in Taipei, the capital of Taiwan and, upon graduating from the Fu Jen Catholic University (輔仁大學) in 1984 with a degree in philosophy, followed in her older siblings’ footsteps and eventually found herself in the United States. “I majored in philosophy,” she told me before. “And what good did that do for me?” It was a joke. Her point was that the undergraduate degree really did not matter too much. With a degree in philosophy, she ended up working as an insurance agent for quite a while before switching to a teaching career. She got her Master’s in multicultural education from New Rochelle in 2004. Again, she made a point to me. Graduate school is what really matters. Aside from the wisdom and experiences parents in general can pass down to their offspring, I would have to say the most important gift my mother gave to me—other than life itself—is the pure, unconditional support. Whether or not it is a stereotype, many Asian parents force a career path on their children. Doctor, lawyer, accountant. When I first charged into the world of Binghamton’s School of Management in freshman year, jumpstarting my intended

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

Character Profile Name: Christine Hsu Origin: Taipei, Taiwan Chinese Zodiac: Tiger Current Age: 49 Current Height: Approx. 5’6” Current Weight: Unknown Status: Married Occupations: Full-time mother, home keeper, elementary school teacher, retired Dance Dance Revolutionist and Wii Tennis player Interests: Animals (mostly pigs and puppies), baking, all things cute, discounts, YouTube, New York Yankees, Disney, travel, international films, pastries and desserts major of financial economics, my mother immediately called me out, saying, “That’s not you.” Indeed, she was right. I absolutely hated the courses. I could not see myself working toward an economics degree in the next four years. By the spring semester of 2011, I have declared two majors: English literature and general rhetoric, plus global cultures. I have even debated about staying a fifth year, just so I could declare a third major in comparative literature. So, should it have been the School of Management with financial economics or Harpur College with English? Any “traditional” Asian mother would advocate for the more promising future tied into Binghamton’s SOM and a Bachelor’s in any financial field. Instead, my mother wanted me to choose what I would like to do—and most importantly—what I was personally interested in. Some of my closest childhood friends—whose parents are also friends of my parents—are attached to the career paths of doctors, business managers and politicians. Some of them chose the paths on their own, but most of them are committed simply because their

parents wish them to. “I think parents need to give their children a little more freedom,” she once said to me. I brought up my friend Rehan in a conversation. He and I, along with a few of our friends, were meeting up for a simple outing in town. I would say 90 percent of my Asian friends still have curfews. A percentage of them have to beg and reason with their parents just to be able to leave the house. “Where are you going?” they would ask. “Who are you going with?” “When are you coming back?” When I was a little younger, I understood those questions were simply for security reasons. But now, even my mother thinks those questions are a bit silly for grown men. “He’s 21 years old!” she exclaimed. “He should be able to make his own decisions by now.” Of course, I’m all for the freedom, so I quietly agreed. Everything is give and take between my parents and me, especially with my mother. She grants me freedom to go out and roam on my own; I make promises to call ahead or to return at a certain time. She feeds and

houses me; I do my best to clean up after myself and tend to chores whenever I can. Contrary to what I thought many years ago, I thought my parents were sending me off to a torture chamber when they forced piano lessons upon me 17 years ago. Now I understand that the lessons were yet another gift—an unspoken one to a child too young to understand. Moving from Asiandominated Queens, New York to Suffolk County in Long Island was traumatizing for me back in the middle of seventh grade. But had it not been for such an event, I would never have developed the tolerance for ethnicities other than those of Southeast Asia. Even if the move was not an intended “gift,” today I see it as such. Moving to Suffolk County definitely played a role in “Americanizing” my parents, especially my mother. Her English has always been somewhat better than my father’s, and in many cases, seems very similar to modern day teenagers—as scary as that may seem. In many of my Facebook—yes, that’s right, Facebook; and currently we even share 12 mutual friends— message exchanges between my mother and

“

A mother is not just a parent. She is a nurturer, a teacher, an idol, a friend. No matter what, your mother is family...

ASIAN OUTLOOK

”

me, emoticons and the occasional acronym decorate most of her messages. I mentioned that I was interested in getting an external hard drive in a message I sent to her in early December 2010. She said: “Christmas tree is waiting for you to decorate. I know it wouldn’t sound surprising, but I really need to know what [you] boys really want. Does TB mean terabyte? Which brand is good? Any specific requirement? Or [would] you like something else? How about socks? :P” The socks are an inside joke between my parents and me. It was January 2005, on my 16th birthday. That year, I must have received the cheapest gift ever from them. Instead of a Playstation or a Nintendo 64 I received many years prior, or a Playstation 2—which I received the year before—or an iPod from last Christmas, I received… Socks and sour skittles. There was another time around sophomore year in Binghamton when I started sending more e-mails to my mother than my father, to which I received this response: “By the way, Dad is a little bit imbalanced emotionally. He said that it was so unfair to him that I am the one who gets your e-mail and he always gets the second-hand (if I let him read). LOL!!! So next time if you remember (no obligation), CC your e-mail to Dad.” On a side note, I always CC the e-mails now. My point is my mother enjoys kidding around as much as she is serious about work, life and raising her two sons. True, if either my brother or I do something wrong, she is quick to point it out and give us our share of scolding. As young children, we were struck by rulers and sticks via the traditional Asian parenting. As teens, we were no longer smacked around, but we had to admit our faults and declare “We learned our lesson!” or she would not forgive us. But my mother has definitely settled down into the American way of life, along with all the trends and styles of the American youth. She once asked me what LMAO stood for. I did not get a chance to explain, as my boisterous little brother jumped in to take over. Here is another interesting scenario. How many Asian mothers want their son to get a bartending license? I ask myself all the time. When I first brought up the topic to my parents, despite knowing them so well, I did not anticipate anything too positive. “We want you to get that license,” said my mother. “So you can make us drinks!” my father added. Really? Compared to the mothers of many of my Asian friends, my mother can certainly be considered as the “cool” mom. I am not embarrassed that I am Facebook friends with

Believe it or not, there is a 27-year gap between us. her—or with my father, for that matter— nor am I embarrassed that I go grocery or clothing shopping with her on some weekends. I am not ashamed to get drunk in front of her or when I see her get drunk. And I feel no shame when my mother whips out the lyrics to Rebecca Black’s “Friday.” Lucky, yes. From birth and over 22 years later, each day has been a blessing for me. I cannot possibly imagine a life without my mother. When I listen to stories from my peers, how their mothers never supported their life decisions, how their mothers never seem to understand them; or their mothers are no longer in their lives—either via divorce or, sadly, have passed away—I

cannot fathom how unbelievably lucky I am. A mother is not just a parent. She is a nurturer, a teacher, an idol, a friend. No matter what, your mother is family, regardless of tensions or otherwise. Tragic is the situation when a mother and her offspring are no longer connected. For those who have mothers they can call “Ma,” “Mom,” “Mommy,” hold dear to this right, this gift. “No matter how old a mother is, she watches her middle-aged children for signs of improvement,” said American playwright Florida Scott-Maxwell. Never take your mother for granted. Happy belated Mother’s Day to all your mothers.

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

SPRING FAR F

into the

will now take your questions: Compiled by Jeff Hwang Search “Far East Movement at Binghamton” on YouTube for the recorded interview!

Photo by Kitrena Young AO: How have your West Coast roots influenced your music? KEV NISH: Growing up in LA, I mean, it really, really influenced us musically. LA is so diverse. I mean, in our neighborhood and downtown, it was like, you not only had your Asian-Americans, but you had like Latino-Americans, African-Americans, Caucasians—everyone, you know, growing up in this within a city block and with all that culture comes all these different music scenes, all these different ways to party. And that kind of influences, you know, your outlook on music. So when we go in the studio—we grew up going to rock concerts, raves and hip hop shows—and bringing all that culture in, we would always try to do the unexpected, like match up things that shouldn’t be matched up, different things like that. So LA has a lot to do with our music being the way it is now. AO: How does being Asian-American affect your music career? KEV NISH: One thing we concentrate on, we’re very proud of our heritage and what we are individually, because we all have a different background, but I mean, at the same time, when it comes to music it’s never been a race thing. You know everybody goes, “Oh, Far East Movement, you guys chose the name because of the race.” It was actually a name that [J-Splif]shouted out because it was off of a song. We made the song about what we felt was kind of a new lifestyle, a new culture, you know, kids kickin’ it with no color lines, no boundaries and whatnot. And so people always think that maybe your race would play something into the music, but really it’s more about just growing up in LA, if anything. We always took pride in letting the music speak for itself and not letting a race or a specific thing define it, because all of our favorite artists, race never really was the main reason why they’re putting out the music. . . They just make music because it’s more of the scene, it’s the genre, and that’s what we pride ourselves as artists.

ASIAN OUTLOOK

ar East Movement made their semester-long anticipated arrival on the Binghamton campus May 7 at our Spring Fling. I was super stoked that such a big-name artist was coming to my school. Their double platinum single “Like a G6” remained on the Billboard Hot 100 for 26 weeks and had invaded the club and party scene all over the country. The group originates from Los Angeles, California and is made up of Kev Nish (Kevin Nishimura), Prohgress (James Roh), J-Splif (Jae Chuong) and DJ Virman (Virman Coquia). Many people hail them as the first AsianAmerican music group to break into the Billboard top 10. Just recently, Far East Movement has been nominated for a Billboard music award in the “Best Rap Song” category for “Like a G6.” Besides their numerous accomplishments, this group of individuals is quite personable and approachable. Our interview with Far East Movement revealed a lot about the character of the group. One of the first things I noticed was that they were very easy to talk to and willing to share stories about their career. They weren’t full of themselves. Kev Nish was outgoing and charismatic. His personal anecdotes were funny and inspiring. During the interview, they reminisced about the old days when they first got started as interns at Interscope records. It seems that the hard work they did back then still defines who they are now. They’re all about working hard and partying hard. Back then, they printed their own CDs and spammed people on MySpace to gain publicity. Kev said, “We would just do whatever it took… that’s always been our mentality, so we never try to get excited wherever people are like, ‘You did this, you did that.’ It’s more just like, ‘Work harder, stay focused and keep on building yourself.’” Their performance at Spring Fling was a good indicator of how hard these guys work and party. They were crowd riveting. I could feel from the crowd the amount of energy they put into their music. Also, despite being a group that produces electronic music, they sounded good live. Many groups that produce techno and electronic type music do not sound very good live because they are heavily technology-based. However, I think Far East Movement goes beyond those limitations and refines the balance of music production and stage performance. Their performance even included an electric guitar. This showcases the variety of talent and work the group puts into their pre-show preparation. Kev Nish also talked about how their LA roots have a lot to do with their music. He remarked that as a kid growing up in LA, there was an overflow

AO: So do you guys have any crazy stories from your recent college tour?

EAST MOVEMENT By Jonathan Yee of diversity which immensely affected their music. Kev Nish remarks, “We would always try to do the unexpected, like match up things that shouldn’t be matched up.” Furthermore, Kev says that while they are proud of their Asian-American heritage, their music was never about race or ethnicity: “We always took pride in letting the music speak for itself and not letting a race or a specific thing define it, because all of our favorite artists, race never really was the main reason why they’re putting out the music… They make music because it’s more of the scene, it’s the genre, and that’s what we pride ourselves as artists.” However, the music industry is not always pretty and there are always disappointments and failures. The group gets through these tough times with the love of their fans and the hope that their music can inspire others. Far East Movement actually works with a non-profit group called Forcing the Power which teaches high school kids about the art of dancing, photography, etc. in hopes that these kids would one day be inspired enough to become artists on their own. Because we knew the group is heavily influenced by the party scene, we asked them about their stories from being out there. When they go out, they’re taking in the sights and drawing in material for their work. Right now they are filming a remix video for their new song “If I Was You (OMG).” Kev told us about a recent outing in which they learned a new drinking game: “We learned a new game. It’s the cap game when they take this cap from a keg. And if you have this full cup and you walk around and if someone pops it in your cup, you have to down the whole thing. Yeah, kind of dangerous… Not that we condone drinking or anything, but we are at a college. . . those kids out there are party animals.” Overall, Far East Movement seemed to be a fun group that had passion for their music and influence on their audience. They were reverent of the people that supported them as they were just starting out and paid homage to their LA roots. They weren’t people that had something to hide, like some celebrities do these days. Some celebrities stay hidden in their dressing rooms and trailers all day, avoiding the crowds of fans. However, Far East Movement was candid in their responses and open to making connections with the world. They even walked around during Spring Fling to meet people and shoot footage for their music video. I’d say that overall, they are an inspiring, hardworking group of people. Stay free wired, Binghamton.

KEV NISH: [Prohgress] got it, he’s a party animal. PROHGRESS: Man, well, we’ve actually been shooting this video, it’s a remix video for our “If I Was You (OMG).” So after every show, we can kind of figure out where people are partying at, like whether it’s at a frat house or something, and we’ll go over there and we’ll play beer pong and, just like, have a crazy time. . . what other. . .? KEV NISH: We learned a new game. It’s the cap game when they take this cap from a keg. And if you have this full cup and you walk around and if someone pops it in your cup, you have to down the whole thing. Yeah, kind of dangerous. PROHGRESS: I got hit with five of them in one night. I tried to get [J-Splif], and he caught me twice. KEV NISH: Not that we condone drinking or anything, but we are at a college—those kids out there are party animals. PROHGRESS: Everyone’s got party shoes right now. KEV NISH: Anyone that has clean feet was not rockin’ out with us.

AO, with (from left to right) J-Splif, Kev Nish and Prohgress AO: What’s your favorite cocktail or alcoholic drink? PROHGRESS: Well, well, well, college drinks are, you know, you want to go on with it, you know what I’m saying? So, like, you have to drink the PBRs, your Keystone Lights (laughter). And they always have the bootleg versions, so instead of like Captain Morgan, it’s like Lieutenant… AO: Admiral something. . . PROHGRESS: Yeah, exactly, so instead of Smirnoffs it’s Popovs, like all that kind of stuff. It all tastes the same. You wake up a little bit hurtin’ a little more. It’s all good. KEV NISH: I like whiskey on the rocks, yeah, or usually in like a coke or something. . . Or pineapple juice. J-SPLIF: Ciroc pineapple. PROHGRESS: Jimmie Runner instead of Johnnie Walker? J-SPLIF: Jimmie Runner? (lots of laughter)

hitvids.thrufinalcross.com

KEV NISH: He changed Johnnie Walker to Jimmie Runner. That was funny. As you can see, we’re pretty corny, too.

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

AO: We read in an interview that one of you guys think inside a carton when writing songs? KEV NISH: That director is a really funny guy, and right when The Office came out, he’s like, “Yo, we gotta do this, like, bit about you guys making music.” And he’s like a really accomplished music video director, so it was a good time. And it was J-Splif though that thinks inside the box. AO: You guys are the first Asian-American group to crack the top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100. When you hit number one with “Like A G6” and heard the news, how did that feel? KEV NISH: Man, you know, we were very honored that people recognized that. You know, because for us, we grew up as LA kids so it doesn’t seem like, “Oh my gosh, we’re this, we’re that.” We’re just like, if anything we’re kind of like, “Hey, we’re the first kids on Figueroa and Hills streets to actually get signed.” You know what I mean? It was never like a race thing, but it’s kind of crazy when, you know, you have cultures that acknowledged that and for us that’s like, wow, you know, we’re proud of that and we appreciate that. At the end of the day, it’s. . . we try not to get excited. Our biggest thing is the music industry is one of the hardest games in the world. We are a very do-ityourself type of crew, you know, we were interning at the label then we would go out on the streets, J-Splif would learn how to print CDs and t-shirts, we would sell them outside out of our trunk, popped the trunk, he would be setting up shelves on the phone, putting up speakers and lights ourselves. We would just do whatever it took, I’ll be online spamming people back when MySpace first started, like, every day, listen to our music. And so that’s always been our mentality, so we never try to get excited wherever people are like, “You did this, you did that.” It’s more just like, “Work harder, stay focused and keep on building yourself.” We really appreciate everyone that came out to support us today. You know, we’ve never been here before. We were shocked—to hear people singing along and jumping around, so that inspires us to just work harder.

Photo by Daphne Lee

ASIAN OUTLOOK

images.blastro.com

AO: How do you guys cope with the difficulties of the music industry? PROHGRESS: There’s always ups and downs to everything, but I think we ought to give a lot of credit to the people that are around us. We were working for a few years now and all the people with us are management or the label or publishing companies or even friends like in TV. They’re the ones who got us our songs on Entourage, and things like that so, you know, the community’s what keeps us going, like, every day we’ll be on Facebook or MySpace will send us a message, you know, saying they got this going on or can we help you out with that. That’s always cool. We actually try to give back because we work with a non-profit called Forcing the Power who will actually take a lot of our friends that are dancers, directors, photographers, and teach high schoolers about the artist for like two hours, three hours. It’s not a lot of time, but at least it’s something to get you started and afterwards, they get to perform, you know, what they learned with us or with the other guys and have a little bit of fun with it. And sometimes we’ll actually get e-mails from principals talking about the fact it inspired the kids in the grade to get to better stuff like that. So, our whole thing is hopefully, you know, two years, five years from now, we’ll be in the front row geeking out at the show and one of those kids, and they’re rockin’ the crowd. AO: After “Free Wired,” any upcoming projects you guys have in mind? KEV NISH: Well, we do have, uh. . . I guess we can talk about. . . can we talk about the collaboration? PROHGRESS: Do it. KEV NISH: All right, well, we have a new song coming out with Pitbull and a rough version was leaked. But we’re officially going to be putting it out soon and our biggest thing really is this remix to “If I Was You (OMG)” where we already shot the music video with Snoop [Dogg] in downtown LA. But after visiting all these colleges and wilding out—yo, we got to do more. We can’t just go to these schools and leave, like, these people brought us here and showed us mad love. So, we’ve decided to shoot a remix of this video at all these schools. And actually, this school, we shot a ripped scene here with a lot of the students already. We down to the carnival and shot a lot of our verses. So definitely look out for it for a lot of the students here. And that’s for our song “If I Was You” featuring Snoop. We also decided—the next level thing for the universities is we wanted to throw a cool contest. Something that no other people can get—no high schools, no other countries. Just universities and colleges here. So it’s called the “If I Was You on Campus” contest where people can put up a video of them dancing or whatever to our song. And the winner—it’s going to be like the top five with the most views—we’ll pick one out of a hat, we’re going to invade their dorm room. In their room for them and 10 of their friends, and we’re going to bring pizza with the toppings that they want. That’s something that we can’t give anyone else. You know, it’s just for college students cause this tour has been off the hook. So it’s our kind of way of saying thanks.

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

Anime Review/

Baccano! By Ritesh Kadam

“Baccano!” was an excellent anime series when it was released in Japan during the summer of 2007. Based on writer Ryohgo Narita’s graphic novels of the same name, this Prohibition era anime isn’t another installment from a long running Anime series from a grizzled veteran. Don’t let that stop you from thinking it isn’t one of the most enjoyable and original anime in recent memory, because it is.

his exceptionally well-made and well-researched anime ups the ante for any other historical based anime series. Thankfully, the English localization of “Baccano!” has turned out as every bit as good, if not better, than the Japanese original. For those unversed in Italian slang, baccano means ruckus, racket, commotion, or anything that is making too much noise and having too much fun for its own good. It’s rare to find a title that perfectly captures the scattershot narrative of the work itself. While “Baccano!” largely takes place in the Prohibition era of the United States, its narrative hops across different eras and locations as it tells its tale. One story takes place on the transcontinental train, the Flying Pussyfoot (no, really), as it becomes a crossfire between two rival gangs. Another story takes place later in crime-ridden Chicago in the last days of the Prohibition. One subplot follows Isaac and Miria, a pair of incompetent yet successful thieves, as their lives intersect with the biggest players in organized crime. A supernatural element, an age-old elixir of immortality, ties these stories together. To say anymore would be spoiling too much. In essence, the narrative is like looking at different news articles and photos of an event in order to get the full picture. This nonlinear storytelling is similar to some of director Quentin Tarantino’s works, such as Reservoir Dogs. In fact, the central narrative is a newspaper company investigating the strange events that occurred in the early 1930s. They attempt to piece together three separate stories into one, which gives the impression that three different stories are interconnected and all three are needed to understand each. It’s a surprisingly subtle yet thought-provoking lesson from a series that prides itself on being as loud, violent and fast as possible. The first four episodes of “Baccano!” will seem like a hodgepodge of strange scenes with little tying them together. However, this approach rewards the faithful that follow the series to the end. This is to say that the series thoughtfully

ASIAN OUTLOOK

builds and develops its story and characters to the end. “Baccano!”’s attention to detail, especially for Prohibition America, is quite exceptional. Many anime series that take place in a Western setting, especially America, tend to have a bizarre, surreal reimagining of North America and Europe. You know, those anime with blond-haired, blue-eyed, square-jawed, gunslinging Americans in a bizarre version of the United States. These portrayals could pass for parody if many of these shows and settings weren’t made to be taken seriously. In particular, historical settings are usually malignsed by anachronisms and inconsistencies. While amusing at first, these anachronisms can take you out of the experience. These types of setting might seem more like window dressing on a “by the numbers story” rather than an integral part of the story. “Baccano!”, however, has a staggering amount of historical accuracy. There are too many great little touches to count, but they all add up to make “Baccano!” the superb anime that is. For example, the famous Hollywood sign in Los Angeles is correctly spelled “HOLLYWOODLAND” as was the case during that time. The same attention to detail applies to the architecture with great renderings of Prohibition era Chicago neighborhoods and train stations. The Flying Pussyfoot is brought to life with intricate detail on its animated model. Not to be outdone, its compartments are modeled after real life luxury, dining and smoking cars. The violence and vice of the Prohibition permeates the air with the same historical accuracy on guns and alcohol. Guns, knives and explosives are modeled after actual period pieces and get quite a workout in this violent series. The early, grim stages of the Great Depression are shown with food lines and riots. Clothing, in particular, deserves significant praise. The clothing of the various Mafioso characters appears as though it comes straight out of a hardboiled detective film. Not to mention, they look quite stylish. Flappers and Charlie Chapin-esque Tramps also make an

appropriate appearance in the dying days of the Roaring Twenties. Police uniforms and badges are modeled after the simple designs of the early ‘30s. Even one-off costumes, such as baseball uniforms, have the same commitment to historical accuracy. The creative staff behind the show had visited New York City and its museums to get a better idea of the look of the Prohibition era. They also visited train museums to recreate the stream locatives of the Prohibition era. One thing is for certain, the artists and researchers behind “Baccano!” are extremely talented. Like Quentin Tarantino’s aforementioned violent films, “Baccano!” takes delight in its violence and gore. This series wears its maturity (and TV-MA rating) well as the frequent gun and knife fights sell you on the gang war of the era. Guns, knives and bombs do their part in cutting people into ribbons. Point-blank gunshots to the head spray blood and brain matter everywhere. The blood and gore are incredibly detailed but never seem excessive enough to appear as a parody. In particular, it seems the writers have a strange fetish for de-fingerings by various methods. The immortality aspect of the series does its part to sell the gore. Immortal characters, torn apart by bullets, magically regenerate as if watching a tape rewound in a VCR. It’s a subtle effect that works well in matching the show’s grittiness. Thankfully, this supernatural aspect never overshadows the historical element of the story. Instead, the immortality plot works in tandem with what would otherwise be a crime drama story in the vein of Martin Scorsese’s films. Nonetheless, the series isn’t without light-hearted moments. In spite of the violence and drama, it has a strong comedy element. Fortunately, it isn’t as dependent on gags as it is on great setups and comedic timing. As expected, the animation quality of such a richly detailed anime can suffer at times. There is slight jerkiness in the animation during scenes with many characters and props. Knife fights, in particular, can suffer from choppy animation. However, this can

occasionally add to the visceral nature of They are brutally eviscerated only to come on the train. The non-linear narrative helps fights. Thankfully, the talented animators back together piecemeal. It’s quite a sight integrate exposition into the narrative make the most of the show’s budget. This to see a gunshot wound splatter blood, as characters in the present attempt to is especially important during scenes of bone and brain matter on the surroundings make sense of the past. Rather than assail the Flying Pussyfoot. The great animation in one scene and see the character come viewers with plot related information, the gives the train a life of its own both inside sluggishly back together a moment later. It’s writers weave exposition dialogue without and outside. It really captures the speed not an entirely original effect but the rich it becoming so contrived that they take you and inertia of the locomotive. There is great detail certainly sells the effect. This anime’s out of the narrative. attention to detail in each character’s subtle animation is not only a rare example of On the other hand, the action is paced expressions and mannerisms. For example, consist level of quality but also of great well in spite of the brisk fight scenes. the more energetic characters, such as Isaac attention to even the tiniest details. Excellent framing and editing captures and Miria, are animated all of the important so that they can’t stay still This anime takes advantage of the basics of filmmaking, bits of the action. The for too long. Gunfights camera does its part to have their proper punch such as low angle shots and deep focus shots. There’s great, keep up with quick knife as they rip places (and often clever, use of framing, length of shot and lighting in fights and even quicker the people inside them) gunfights. The gunfights scenes that does its part in establishing the mood. to shreds with a smoking are appropriately quick, barrel and bullet casings violent and bloody affairs flying all over the place. Characters are The directing on “Baccano!” is also another with more camera time spent on bullet ridden incredibly agile during fights but they major strength. This anime takes advantage bodies. As the story is told in a nonlinear never become disconcertingly superhuman of the basics of filmmaking, such as low fashion, strong editing helps tie in the in speed. There aren’t any severe dips in angle shots and deep focus shots. There’s different storylines together. Nonetheless, quality in which you can discern that the great, often clever, use of framing, length of even the most talented editors in the world animation budget ran out. In fact, some shot and lighting in scenes that does its part would have trouble improving the first of the latter scenes are so slick that they in establishing the mood. Thankfully, the three episodes of this series. Newcomers almost look like a big budget anime movie. directors are willing to “detach” the camera will be bombarded with new characters, One striking element of “Baccano!” is how and take some shots that would be difficult settings and an elixir of immortality with the immortal characters withstand death. to pull off in a live action show, especially little to tie them all together. Thankfully,

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

The clothing of the various Mafioso characters appears as though it comes straight out of a hardboiled detective film. Not to mention, they look quite stylish. those who brave the first few episodes can understand why this series demands such an unorthodox narrative to weave its tale. While “Baccano!”’s visuals are good with some hiccups, its audio is even better since it’s so hard to find even hint of a flaw. According to many sources, the original Japanese voice-overs were excellent for “Baccano!”’s Japanese release. They were apparently performed by experienced voice actors who did a fine job capturing the personality of each character. Nonetheless, the use of English voice-overs takes this Prohibition era anime to the next level. A new level of detail is possible in English that wouldn’t be possible in Japanese. Voice actors give their characters the appropriate accent that really drives in the historical setting home. Even European accents, such as Irish and Eastern European, are used to make 1930s America a truly multi-cultural society. Credit must go to Funimation for their excellent casting choices and voice coaching. For example, Firo Prochainezo, a young mob enforcer and skilled knife fighter, has an appropriate Goodfellasesque accent to match his gangster swagger. While the use of 1930s gangster slang and terminology may initially be disconcerting, it soon becomes a natural part of the viewer’s vocabulary in a few episodes. It’s another great touch that wouldn’t be possible in Japanese. It isn’t just Todd Haberkorn as Firo, who is good, but also because practically all of the voice actors are exceptional. Above all else, Bryan Massey steals the show as the maniacal Mafia hit man, Ladd Russo. His performance is so pitch perfect that the character comes off more as an event than a mere human being. It’s an even bigger surprise that many of

ASIAN OUTLOOK

the voice-actors were newcomers to anime voice-acting. Those familiar with relatively recent films about the Prohibition era, such as the Coen Brothers’ Miller’s Crossing and the 1930s section of Sergio Leone’s Once Upon a Time in America, will notice the voice-actors base their voices on the performances in those films. Nonetheless, veterans and novices alike have gone above in creating one of the most incredible dubs in recent history. A few of the voices, such as the French-accented ones, fall short of expectations though. However, it’s minor complaint but still worth acknowledging to temper all of the praise. As good as the voice-overs are, the music is just as good. The soundtrack is largely comprised of some of the smoothest, loudest jazz you’ll ever hear in an Anime since “Cowboy Bebop.” It’s a great fit for a series so loud and rambunctious. Rounding out the soundtrack are ragtime inspired piano tunes and traditional blues, including a liberal use of harmonicas. A good soundtrack isn’t worth much if it isn’t used correctly. Thankfully, the directors behind “Baccano!” haven’t squandered their soundtrack. Music is used to great effect in establishing the mood and emotional anchor in each scene. While quick-paced jazz punctuates a chase sequence, slower-paced pieces are heard during the show’s calmer moments. There’s also good use of silence during the show’s rare somber moments. The high-quality sound effects are another noteworthy feature. The train segments come alive with proper sound effects for a steam-powered locomotive. Baseball bats have a delightful “bonk” sound when used on humans. A gunshot begins with satisfying bang and ends with the

splattering sound of blood and other bodily fluids. It goes even further with handguns having a different sound effect than the ubiquitous Thompson submachine gun. As for the closing and ending themes, you have the usual Japanese vocals for the ending theme. However, the opening theme and its saxophone hook is the real treat. The show’s opening itself is useful in that it quickly reveals the show’s ensemble cast and their names. With a literal trainload of characters, every bit of help is appreciated. Thankfully, each character is both remarkable and memorable in his or her way. In spite of a substantial cast, it’s easy to match a character to a face. It’ll be spoiling too much to reveal each character’s motive and past. Of course, the characters aren’t particularly original or deep. Attempts at romance come off as wholly unoriginal especially when the show’s story breaks new ground in other areas. Suffice to say, these characters all make an impression on you with a few standouts. Thieving couple Isaac and Miria are a great source of lighthearted humor when the show starts to get too dark and violent. Ladd Russo, a violent hit man, is an absolute psychopath who isn’t without some humanity. The vast majority of the cast aren’t exactly upstanding citizens. They’re gangsters, hit men and bootleggers who are more than willing to be on the wrong side of the law to make money. Nonetheless, their career choices won’t stop them from being likeable. The show’s nonlinear narrative certainly gives the show an unusual, yet effective path of character development. Better yet, it the narrative knows when to reveal the right twists or revelations at the right time after the first few introductory episodes. While the plot is light on depth and complexity, “Baccano!” is as loud and enjoyable as the train ride featured in it. You can hop on through a number of different means. The show is currently available on DVD and will be available on Blu-Ray on May 17. Netflix has the show available on their instant streaming. Best of all, Funimation has released the dubbed and subbed versions of “Baccano!” on YouTube’s YouTube Shows service in the Animations and Cartoon section. If you can handle the first three or so episodes, you’re in for a treat. If you’re one wondering where the mature, original anime of yesteryear are, well, what are you waiting for?

Picture Sources: http://www.hiroanime-media.com/wp-content/ uploads/2011/04/Baccano.jpg

banh mi, n.

Etymology: < Vietnamese bánh mì bread. In Vietnamese cuisine: a sandwich comprising a baguette (traditionally baked using a combination of rice and wheat flour) split lengthwise and filled with a variety of ingredients, typically including pâté and/or grilled meat, pickled vegetables, sliced chili or chili sauce, and fresh coriander. Also occas. : a baguette loaf of the type used in such a sandwich.

Source: The Oxford English Dictionary

By Johnny Thach

id you know that since March 24, bánh mì has been added into the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), making it an official English word? What is bánh mì? It’s defined by the dictionary as a “Vietnamese snack consisting of a baguette (traditionally baked with both rice and wheat flour) filled with a variety of ingredients typically included meat, pickled vegetables and chili.” As a matter of fact, bánh mì means bread in Vietnamese. It’s delicious, crunchy and absolutely filling. Publishers of the OED, recognized as the premier dictionary and definitive record of the English language, explained that bánh mì has become common enough in everyday conversations to be added into the database of 600,000 already existing English words. Accordingly, there is a popular belief that it is also based on the ever-changing appetites of Americans that have adopted an increasingly diverse, cultural and international palate. How do you make bánh mì? Bánh mì is served commonly in Vietnamese delis and some restaurants. In concurrence with the dictionary definition, most bánh mì sandwiches are made up on thinly sliced pickled carrots and daikon, onions, cucumbers, cilantro, jalapeño peppers, mayonnaise and meat. The meat is usually Vietnamese ham or chả lụa (found in Vietnamese supermarkets or at some restaurants that sell it), which is made out of lean pork, potato starch and fish sauce. Unlike the popular conception of ham in the United States, which is pink, Vietnamese ham is white. When bought, it is normally wrapped in banana leaves and is refrigerated. Aside from all that, there is also liver pâté and roasted or grilled pork. However, there are also other fillings for bánh mì, such as with steamed pork balls, sardines, chicken, eggs and different variations of pork. Making bánh mì is only really putting together all of the ingredients inside a baked-to-perfection baguette. Now, the only problem is whether or not bánh mì can actually be used in Scrabble or Words With Friends.

Sources: 1. http://absolutelyfobulous.com/2011/04/20/banh-mi-is-an-officialenglish-word/ 2. http://www.thanhniennews.com/2010/Pages/20110409134138.aspx 3. http://www.lastappetite.com/vietnamese-food-glossary

Ingredients as seen above from the top: Baguette, jalapenos, ham made with a bit of pig’s ear, steamed pork roll with fish sauce (chua lua), minced barbecued pork (nem nuong), pickled carrots and radish, cucumber and cilantro.

Picture Source: http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2009/04/07/ dining/08banh.5.ready.html

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

AO Conscience “Sunset Nature Preserve” by Jeff Hwang

Ballad of a Mother’s Heart By Diane Wong

dna St. Vincent Millay is one of my favorite American poets and playwrights. Vincent was hailed as the voice of her generation, and the embodiment of the New Woman— sexually free, independent and politically active. She led a Bohemian lifestyle in Greenwich Village, where she associated with many of the prominent artists, writers and political radicals. Vincent’s poetic voice hails a certain intenseness that is sometimes bittersweet and other times more passionate. She was the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for poetry, for Ballad of the Harp Weaver.

The poem was first introduced to me when I was in the 6th grade, and it’s been one of those poems that I often revisit. Ballad of the Harp Weaver is about a mother’s deep love for her child, and the many sacrifices she makes for her child. The title of the poem reflects Vincent’s experiences with her own mother, who managed to raise her and her two sisters alone. Every time I read the poem, I think of my own mother, a independent woman, who managed to raise my brother and I single-handedly. With her selfless character, relentless dedication and immovable fortitude, my mother has raised me as a pinnacle example of maternal love.

THE BALLAD OF THE HARP-WEAVER by Edna St. Vincent Millay

“Son,” said my mother, When I was knee-high, “You’ve need of clothes to cover you, And not a rag have I.

“Son,” said my mother, “Come, climb into my lap, And I’ll chafe your little bones While you take a nap.”

“There’s nothing in the house To make a boy breeches, Nor shears to cut a cloth with Nor thread to take stitches.

And, oh, but we were silly For half an hour or more, Me with my long legs Dragging on the floor,

“There’s nothing in the house But a loaf-end of rye, And a harp with a woman’s head Nobody will buy,” And she began to cry.

A-rock-rock-rocking To a mother-goose rhyme! Oh, but we were happy For half an hour’s time!

That was in the early fall. When came the late fall, “Son,” she said, “the sight of you Makes your mother’s blood crawl,–

But there was I, a great boy, And what would folks say To hear my mother singing me To sleep all day, In such a daft way?

“Little skinny shoulder-blades Sticking through your clothes! And where you’ll get a jacket from God above knows.

Men say the winter Was bad that year; Fuel was scarce, And food was dear.

“It’s lucky for me, lad, Your daddy’s in the ground, And can’t see the way I let His son go around!” And she made a queer sound.

A wind with a wolf’s head Howled about our door, And we burned up the chairs And sat upon the floor.

That was in the late fall. When the winter came, I’d not a pair of breeches Nor a shirt to my name. I couldn’t go to school, Or out of doors to play. And all the other little boys Passed our way.

ASIAN OUTLOOK

All that was left us Was a chair we couldn’t break, And the harp with a woman’s head Nobody would take, For song or pity’s sake. The night before Christmas I cried with the cold, I cried myself to sleep Like a two-year-old. And in the deep night

I felt my mother rise, And stare down upon me With love in her eyes. I saw my mother sitting On the one good chair, A light falling on her From I couldn’t tell where, Looking nineteen, And not a day older, And the harp with a woman’s head Leaned against her shoulder. Her thin fingers, moving In the thin, tall strings, Were weav-weav-weaving Wonderful things. Many bright threads, From where I couldn’t see, Were running through the harp-strings Rapidly, And gold threads whistling Through my mother’s hand. I saw the web grow, And the pattern expand. She wove a child’s jacket, And when it was done She laid it on the floor And wove another one.

She wove a pair of breeches Quicker than that! She wove a pair of boots And a little cocked hat. She wove a pair of mittens, She wove a little blouse, She wove all night In the still, cold house. She sang as she worked, And the harp-strings spoke; Her voice never faltered, And the thread never broke. And when I awoke,– There sat my mother With the harp against her shoulder Looking nineteen And not a day older, A smile about her lips, And a light about her head, And her hands in the harp-strings Frozen dead. And piled up beside her And toppling to the skies, Were the clothes of a king’s son, Just my size.

She wove a red cloak So regal to see, “She’s made it for a king’s son,” I said, “and not for me.” But I knew it was for me.

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

Mandate of Life

By Michael Chung

Three adult eagles circle over the place of their birth They cry and commemorate over a seemingly rugged patch of Earth Formidable and magnificent in their present state But humbled by their past which delivered them their current mandate All three once rested in the same nest Shielded by a mother that protected them from natureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s true test By flesh and blood the mother nurtured their development And by action she guided their juvenile judgment Against incredible odds the mother eagle prevailed Thick rain and blistering cold came but her wings never failed Her partner perished under the fire of human hunters But her determination shielded any resemblance to mourners She would hunt from sunrise to sunset Sometimes having to fly hundreds of miles but never feeling regret She would stay awake at nights on alert for intruders Carefully tucking away her youngsters After long months of sacrifice, the day of first flight had come The mother eagle spread her wings and took off to show her wisdom The first two fledglings followed close and joined her in flight But the third was unable to get over his fright The mother eagle soared above and continued to encourage But two human hunters approached the nest in order to pillage Sensing danger she flew back to protect her offspring But the hunters simply shot the mother without much thinking She summoned her last ounce of strength as she lay dying And threw the last eaglet off the nest before finally falling The last eaglet fell at free fall speed but soon opened his wings He soon soared above the rest and directed the others to new clearings Thus every year the three returned to remember their debt Understanding the sacrifice made for them to see another sunset The three eagles never faltered no matter how difficult their strife Because they understood their motherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mandate, a mandate of life

ASIAN OUTLOOK

“Fan Dance, Vietnam Night” - Jonathan Yee

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

“Venus Flytrap” - Jeff Hwang

ASIAN OUTLOOK

Yo mama is so fat, When she jumped up, She got stuck.

你的媽媽好肥她跳起來的時候她卡住了

Vol. XXIV, Issue 5

Reach By Soleil D. Augustin

The World is shrinking, allowing us to reconnect. To re-learn. To make amends. To rediscover ourselves and be born again. Like the Cosmos, let our minds expand. Reach... Drift... Reach... Driftâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;closer, so like Pangaea, we become ONE again.

ASIAN OUTLOOK

“WHEN I WAS 5 YEARS OLD, MY MOTHER ALWAYS TOLD ME THAT HAPPINESS WAS THE KEY TO LIFE. WHEN I WENT TO SCHOOL, THEY ASKED ME WHAT I WANTED TO BE WHEN I GREW UP. I WROTE DOWN ‘HAPPY.’ THEY TOLD ME I DIDN’T UNDERSTAND THE ASSIGNMENT, AND I TOLD THEM THEY DIDN’T UNDERSTAND LIFE.” - Anonymous Vol. XXIV, Issue 5