list of figUres and tables

Figure 1. The climate system with the “sixth” component ............. 28 Figure 2. Evolution of CO2 concentration in the troposphere air (1958-June 2021) ............................................ 29 Figure 3. Evolution of global surface temperature (in annual average, 1850-2020), and the temperature simulated by models using human and natural factors and only natural factors........................ 30 Figure 4. Evolution of the Arctic sea ice extent in September (1979-2020) .. 31 Figure 5. Temperature projections according to five different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) (SSP1, sustainability; SSP5, fossil-fueled development; the other, intermediate pathways) .................... 32 Figure 6. Projected changes for 2071-2100, compared to 1971-2000, based on the average of a multi-model ensemble forced with the RCP8.5 high emissions scenario (fifth IPCC) .................................. 33 Figure 7. The risk triangle. Risk as a function of the hazard from nature, the vulnerability of society and the exposure of the territory ........... 34 Table 1. The certainty about the anthropic cause of the climate change... 32