Clevedon Coast and Country by Amanda Tisdall

10 2

CLEVEDON COAST AND COUNTRY

Amanda Tisdall, Katherine Mante, Sasha Verghese Sudio 6225

CONTENTS Introduction

Analysis

Case Studies

Constraints

Oppertunities

Structure Plan

INTRODUCTION

10 2 1

PROJECT BRIEF The aim of this project is to develop a growth stratergy for an area that is located around the south east of Aucklands urban edge, and to recognise/analyse the main landscape factors, elements, and patterns within the wider Auckland region. The aim of these measures is to make the Auckland region sustainable through increase density. Therefore the overall focus of this project will be on low impact urban design and ecological performance.

BACKGROUND INFROMATION

Auckland city has a vision for it’s future. “Auckland will be a quality urban city, prospering as a vibrant leading-edge city with heart and soul” The city will be the hub of the regions economic and cultural life and the powerhouse of the nations economy.

Auckland is the nations economic engine and Auckland city is a magnet for work, education, entertainment and living. On Current census statistics, Auckland is expecting substational population growth and is expected to increase by 1,000,000 people in the next 40 years. Two thirds of this population growth is natural increase. Some of the growth is also coming from other parts of New Zealand and many new international migrants also stay here adding to Auckland’s diversity and cosmopolitan energy. This substantial increase in population will have a major impact on transport, housing and other infrastructure that is in many cases already considered under pressure. With Aucklands population steadily increasing, growth has to happen somewhere. Where do

Clevedon Village and Valley

we house these people? and how can we identify areas suitable for development. The challenge for Auckland is to manage this growth and the change it brings, while still preserving the values, character and environment Aucklanders value. Auckland has typically grown in a linear direction, which is now becoming less effective

Clevedon is a rural town located in Manukau City, in Auckland, New Zealand. It is situated

on the Wairoa River five kilometres from its estuary and outflow into the Tamaki Strait, an arm of the Hauraki Gulf., within an easy drive to the coast, It is 14 kilometres from the centre of the suburb of Manukau, which lies to the northwest. To the south of Clevedon rise the rugged hills of the Hunua Ranges. Several popular beaches are located on the coast close to Clevedon, including Duder’s Beach and Kawakawa Bay. Between these two beaches lies the Duder Regional Park. Clevedon is a destination, and also a service centre for the surrounding rural area and for trips to coastal settlements such as Maraetai and Kawakawa Bay. Although within Auckland’s commuter belt, Clevedon is a rural village with a strong sense of place. For Clevedon to remain a rural village, it must retain its rural setting. The town and surrounding rural area has a population of 2,508 (2006 census), and takes in much of the largely rural area to the east of the urban heart of the city. ‘Clevedon is a rural landscape with a distinctive character derived from its primary patterns and activities. Nestled into the surrounding Clevedon-Maraetai Hills and Hunua Ranges, it is a broad and vivid landscape comprising an interplay of bush clad hills and valleys, and an agrarian landscape of fields and dispersed farming buildings. At the heart of Clevedon is the Village, the centre of community and commerce for the area. This village has an historic character, being largely comprised of the key qualities of a 20th Century New Zealand rural town; single story weatherboard buildings, boundaries defined by hedges, railings and picket fences, wide roads with modest, simple fixtures and furnishings. There are few elements in the village that belie a sense of historic heritage. It is this interplay of bush clad hills, archetypal farming patterns and the historic character of the village that gives Clevedon its rural landscape character and underpins its identity and sense of place.’

10 2

INTRODUCTION INITIAL ANALYSIS OF CLEVEDON •

• • •

•

45.9% of the people have post school qualifications 30% of the population are managers, and 20% are professionals 51% are couples with children Majority of households are occupied by one family 50% of households have two vechiles 50% of the dwellings are owner occupied 19.2% of Clevedons population was born overseas in comparison with 37% of Aucklands population AREA’S IDENTIFIED FOR POTENTIAL GROWTH IN CLEVEDON The underlying Hydrological systems and the slope of landform restricted the area suitable for development. The selected area for development is located south and south east of the existing village on land which is elevated above the floodplains.

10 3 2

10 4

Clevedon Valley

Wairoa River Mouth

Major Catchment areas - Clevedon has 3 main catchment areas which collect surface runoff and feed the main

rivers in the district. They are Wairoa, Pahurehure and Whitford Catchments. Wairoa catchment is the largest catchment in the Clevedons districs, the runoff is collected from the Clevedon foothills and the Hinua Ranges in the west and from the North Eastern side of the Clevedon Maraetai hills, it feeds into the Wairoa River and drains into the Tamaki Strait via Kauri Bay. Puhurehure Catchment is located South/ South West of Clevedon and is largely fed by the run off from the Clevdon Maraetai hills and the cleavdon foothills, as well Papakura, Takanini and Ardmore. The runoff drains into the Puhurehure Inlet in the Manakau Harbour. Whitford Catchment collects the runoff from the Whitford area and drains into the Tamaki Strait through the Waikopua Creek. The border between the Wairoa and Pahurehure catchments shows the tipping point and illustrates the proportion of land cover which feeds each cathment river.

10 5

10 6

Wairoa River

Clevedon Flood (Jan 2011)

Topography and Hydrology - The underlying hydrology map highlights the extensive river systems and how they feed into the catchment areas. The breadth of the floodplain and the extent of the relationship between the land and water is clearly illustrated in the above image of Clevedons most recent flood. The Wairoa river catchment provides a natural link from the Hunua ranges, stretching through the central Clevedon valley into the Estuary that feeds into the Hauraki Gulf.

10 7

10 8

Hunua Ranges

Clevedon Senic Reserve

Slope- By using terrain modelling to show slope this map shows the two extremes, typically flat and broad valley alongside the Wairoa River in contrast to the very steep but relativly low hill line. As Clevedon Village is situated between the Hunua Ranges to the south- east the Clevedon-Maraetai Hills to the north-west views are best enjoyed from the village. Safe buildable land variying between 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 5 degrees and is situated mosty on the foothills. This quickly jumps to and steep slopes varying between 15 and 45< degree slopes which would have limited access and may be prone to erosion.

10 9

Erosion Prone Areas - Erosion is the process by which materials are removed from the surface and transported to

another location. Using topography and hydrology, erosion prone slopes can be identified. Erosion prone slopes can compound sedimentation in waterways resulting in loss of land quality. Inappropriate land use can increase the potential of land loss through this erosion process. We can help mitigate this by re-vegetating erosion prone slopes with native vegetation, and buffering up waterways and flood plain areas to help reduce this impact on the land.

Current Land Use - This map represents the current uses of a â&#x20AC;&#x153;unitâ&#x20AC;? of land in our study area.

High and/ or low producing exotic grassland. Clevedon was traditionally a dairy farming area due to the rich grasslands of the valley. The main industry included its own butter manufacturing plant. As time has passed the land cover is still largely covered by areas of high/ low producing grasslands with some patches of agricultural land and a few remaining dairy farms, the majority of the land has however been converted into lifestyle blocks.

One of Clevedonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s minor streams

Soil - Soil - LUC is an assessment of the lands physical limitations and its versatility for sustained production. It gives an

indication of the landâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s capability for use. Most of the valley, including Clevedon Village is located on class LUC 1. This soil is of good quality and suitable for most uses from horticulture crops to forestry and is suitable for further development. The land that generally follows the rivers and some of which is in the yearly flood plain zone is classed LUC 2. This means it is rich and fertile and well suited to multiple uses from arable cropping to pastoral grazing to productive forestry. Where LUC 2 is not on the flood plain is suitable for development; the remainder of it is best suited for agriculture use, lifestyle blocks and recreation areas. Areas of LUC 5, soil is only suitable as grazing or forestry land, combined with its location on steep slopes and along costal floodplains it is unsuitable for developing on.

Existing Vegetation - The exotic forests are mostly Pine forests with a scattering of notable exotic specimen

trees across the district such as Plane, Elm and oak species. The exotic scrub lands consist of mostly gorse and other invasive weed varieties. Native forests and scrub lands include a wide range of native species such as Kahikatea, Totara, Kauri, Titoki, Rewarewa,Miro, Ti Kouka, Tanehaha and Karaka. Around the Wairoa Inlet are patches of Coastal sand and gravel and drifts of Rushes and sedges on the western banks of the inlet. The exotic forests are mostly Pine forests.

CASE STUDY - 1 DENSITIES OF ENGLISH VILLAGE TOWNS DENSITY AND DEMOGRAPHICS OF BATH Bath and North East Somerset Population and Demographics North East Somerset is located 156km west of London. It stretches from Bristol in the west to Wiltshire in the east. The district covers 570km2 with a population of 118,883 of which two thirds of the district is green belt rich in archaeology and natural beauty. Bath lies on the Avon River, the land form varies from river valleys to rolling hills. The village of Bath covers 29km2 and has a population of approximately 86,000 people. Baths majority of population with 89.2% are from a white British ethnic group.

Royal crescent aerial bath

CASE STUDY - BRISBANE’S MANAGEMENT OF FLOODPLAINS Rainfall quantities and frequency varies from season to season and year to year. One thing is certain, large rivers flood from time to time and without careful planning the floods can have severe impacts on the surrounding land and community. There are different approaches to reducing the risk as well as the severity of flooding. One traditional approach incorporates the building of dams up river from the town for flood mitigation devices as well as water storages. Another benefit from building additional dams includes the potential source of zero emissions power. Issues with this approach to flood management arise around the fact that the dams need to be significantly empty enough to have the capacity to hold the extra volume of the flood which would limit amount of water it can store and the hydropower capacity. Dams cannot stop the flood as was seen with the Wivenhoe Dam upstream of Brisbane, it can only slightly reduce the impact. The downside of this is they may control beneficial floods and lead to the illusion of safety increasing houses being built on flood plain areas that would not have been built on had there not been the additional dams upstream. 2011 flood essentially a re-run of 1974 flood • Dams (Wivenhoe and Somerset) do not provide complete protection • public largely unprepared and ill-equipped for such an event • intensification of development permitted - both infill and redevelopment - in 1974 the number of buildings damaged were 7,900 compared with 14,970 damaged buildings in 2011 A better approach would be to not build critical infrastructure and dwellings out of the way of potential flooding rather than relying on technology and engineer to fix problems. Moderate flooding has a number of benefits for people and the environment. These include increasing the level of ground water, beneficial for grasslands for livestock, it also increase fish breeding and fish stocks. The reality is that flood hazard is manmade. If you live in a flood plain it is inevitable that you will be flooded. One proven alternative to building dams is floodplain restoration such as in Europe, the US and China where they give rivers room to flood safety. Flood prone areas are better being used for flood resilient uses such as agriculture, pasture, forestry, recreation and conservation.

Brisbanes 2011 flood. Too much water, too little time, the water had no where else to go.

CONSTRAINS FOR DEVELOPMENT - FLOOD PLAIN Developing on yearly flood plains is not an option as it is necessary for the rivers and streams to have some room where they can overflow during periods of heavy rainfall without threat of damage to the local community. The same can be applied to areas where the 100year floodplain levels are classed as high. The existing Clevedon Village is built on the low 100year flood plain. Locations with high risk 100 year flood plain and yearly flood plain areas would best suit being retained as agricultural, lifestyle or recreation areas where flooding would have less impact on the community.

CONSTRAINS FOR DEVELOPMENT - PYLONS In 2010 Transpower began construction of the 186 km, 400 kV capable overhead transmission line which runs across the Clevedon valley. The electricity transmission lines run between Whakamaru and Otahuhu and Pakuranga, entering our study area from the South East crossing Tourist Road, Papakura- Clevedon Road, twilight road and Brookby Road, exiting the Clevedon valley west over the Clevedon- Maraetai Hills at Brownhill Road where it joins the Sub- Brownhill Substation. The main issues with the power line include their visual impact; the pylons reach almost half the height of the highest point of the Clevedon hills making screening from new development tricky as well as the issue of the lines interfering with the views towards the estuary. Noise and health concerns are addressed by 65-meter easements proposed by Transpower.

CONSTRAINS FOR DEVELOPMENT - RETAINED AND REVEGETATED Native bush and native forests are to be retained and weed management carried out where needed. Pine forests that are located on erosion sensitive slopes or valleys shall be left to reach maturity and the land shall be assessed before replanting.

CONSTRAINS FOR DEVELOPMENT - ECOLOGICAL CONNECTIVITY AND EROSION PROTECTION All the rivers in the Clevedon district will be buffered with vegetation/ grassland. The major rivers are protected with a 50-meter buffer and minor rivers with a 25-meter buffer to allow for natural seasonal overflow of the rivers and streams without potential damage to people and property. By creating a green corridor of native bush along the Wairoa River and Aroaro Stream a strong ecological link is created between the Clevedon foothills and the Hunua Ranges with the Clevedon- Maraetai Hills.

CONSTRAINS FOR DEVELOPMENT - RETAIN AS MUCH AGRICULTURAL LAND AS POSSIBLE By retaining agricultural and lifestyle blocks of land it helps to maintain the farm and village feel to the community. Where green corridors cross private land, landowners will be encouraged to allocate a percentage of the land to native re-vegetation. This will also create a green buffer between Papakura and Clevedon as you move from urban to rural.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT - TRANSIT UPGRAGE By upgrading and widening Papakura-Clevedon Road which links Clevedon and Papakura, it would be highly beneficial to incorporate a wide centre grass island which can later be developed for future public transport system. This can be implemented as the Clevedon population increases and the public transport funds become available.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT - PROPOSED AREAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S FOR DEVELOPMENT The areas proposed for development have been selected on the following grounds. Only areas with minimal risk of flooding (i.e. Not including yearly/ high risk 100year flood area) Different areas have been selected for different density according to soil types/ erosion risk/ slopes/ proximity to infrastructure and surrounding land use. Area 1 - High Density: near existing Village, infrastructure to support beginning of development. Soil structure can support High-density development. Direct link to Papakura via Clevedon- Papakura Road Area 2 - Medium Density: This area has been selected for medium density because it is further away from the town centre Area 3 - Low Density: has been selected due to its proximity to sensitive hills slopes and native vegetation

OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT- DEVELOPMENT TYPES AND DENSITIES Density of growth is dependent on the proximity to the Hunua Ranges, Clevedon scenic reserve, and the Clevedon Village in order to identify densities of development suitable for that area and to buffer the development edge to protected forests and ecological systems. High density is near the transport infrastructure (Papakura Clevedon Rd) and located within 1.5km of the Clevedon Village Medium density is within a 2.5km radius of Clevedon Village to allow for small ecological buffers such as gardens, parks and small groves of trees. Low density is located within a 4.5km radius from Clevedon Village, in order to reduce the impact on forests and ecosystems, but still allows for lifestyle properties to enjoy the bushliving lifestyle.

Scale 1:400

Cross section of the existing Clevedon Village, showing ho it is slightly elevated above the floodplains

Scale 1:600

Cross section of the Clevedon - Maraetai foothills, showing medium to low density housing

Amanda Tisdall 1348088

CLEVEDON ECO-ISLAND SELF SUFFICIENT SUSTAINABILITY

BACKGROUND INFO The Auckland region is rich and diverse. Its unique landscape, warm climate, multicultural population, and fantastic harbours/beaches make it a highly desirable city to live in. Much of the kiwi lifestyle revolves around the coast which has resulted in urban sprawl running in a linear direction north and south of the CBD. Resulting in a very dispersed fragmented city. Auckland city has a vision for it’s future. “Auckland will be a quality urban city, prospering as a vibrant leading-edge city with heart and soul” The city will be the hub of the regions economic and cultural life and the powerhouse of the nations economy. Auckland is the nations economic engine and Auckland city is a magnet for work, education, entertainment and living. On Current census statistics, Auckland is expecting substational population growth and is expected to increase by 1,000,000 people in the next 40 years. Two thirds of this population growth is natural increase. Some of the growth is also coming from other parts of New Zealand and many new international migrants also stay here adding to Auckland’s diversity and cosmopolitan energy. This substantial increase in population will have a major impact on transport, housing and other infrastructure that is in many cases already considered under pressure. With Aucklands population steadily increasing, growth has to happen somewhere. Where do we house these people? and how can we identify areas suitable for development. The challenge for Auckland is to manage this growth and the change it brings, while still preserving the values, character and environment Aucklanders value.

CONTENTS Introduction Previous Project The Site Landscape Analysis Development Stratergy Stormwater Planting Summary

INTRODUCTION PROJECT BRIEF The aim of this project is to explore innovative development options which provide quality ecological and social outcomes. We must design an urban development proposal for a site zoned at a particular density from our first project. The development must maintain ecological integrity and rural – urban connectivity. The main focus of the project will be on the impact of the proposed development on the ecological, hydrological processes that flow through it, as well as on the microclimate it creates.

THE REGION Clevedon is a rural town located in Manukau City, in Auckland, New Zealand. It is situated on the Wairoa River five kilometres from its estuary and outflow into the Tamaki Strait, an arm of the Hauraki Gulf, within an easy drive to the coast, It is 14 kilometres from the centre of the suburb of Manukau, which lies to the northwest. To the south of Clevedon rise the rugged hills of the Hunua Ranges. Several popular beaches are located on the coast close to Clevedon, including Duder’s Beach and Kawakawa Bay. Between these two beaches lies the Duder Regional Park. Clevedon is a destination, and also a service centre for the surrounding rural area and for trips to coastal settlements such as Maraetai and Kawakawa Bay. Although within Auckland’s commuter belt, Clevedon is a rural village with a strong sense of place. For Clevedon to remain a rural village, it must retain its rural setting. The town and surrounding rural area has a population of 2,508 (2006 census), and takes in much of the largely rural area to the east of the urban heart of the city. ‘Clevedon is a rural landscape with a distinctive character derived from its primary patterns and activities. Nestled into the surrounding Clevedon-Maraetai Hills and Hunua Ranges, it is a broad and vivid landscape comprising an interplay of bush clad hills and valleys, and an agrarian landscape of fields and dispersed farming buildings. At the heart of Clevedon is the Village, the centre of community and commerce for the area. This village has an historic character, being largely comprised of the key qualities of a 20th Century New Zealand rural town; single story weatherboard buildings, boundaries defined by hedges, railings and picket fences, wide roads with modest, simple fixtures and furnishings. There are few elements in the village that belie a sense of historic heritage. It is this interplay of bush clad hills, archetypal farming patterns and the historic character of the village that gives Clevedon its rural landscape character and underpins its identity and sense of place.’

Analysis of Clevedon • • • • • • • • • • • •

The main village is situated within a major catchment area between two hill ranges Hills and valleys hint at underlying strength of hydrology Rolling pasture transforming into steep erosion prone slopes 2508 people currently live in Clevedon occupying 876 dwellings (0.2% of Aucklands population) 82% = European, 7.9% = Maori, 0.9% = Pacific, and 2.5% = Asian 45.9% of the people have post school qualifications 30% of the population are managers, and 20% are professionals 51% are couples with children Majority of households are occupied by one family 50% of households have two vechiles 50% of the dwellings are owner occupied 19.2% of Clevedons population was born overseas in comparison with 37% of Aucklands population

PREVIOUS PROJECT Previously a structure plan was generated for the development of the Clevedon catchment (see inside cover). Based on the model of Auckland becoming a compact city, I want to aim new development at existing infrastructure essentially making Papakura a new hub(Satellite) for Auckland making Clevedon a sub suburb of Papkura. The structure Plan aimed to introduce new growth into the area while still retaining its existing self-sufficient resilience, the local identity and historical significance of the Clevedon area. This was done by using Clevedons significant underlying hydrological patterns (flood plain & major river systems) combined with slope, to identify areas for potential growth. I Also discovered a critical link between papakura and Clevedon through the Clevedon-Papakura Road as a possible transit upgrade to link together the two areas. Ecological connectivity between the two hill ranges (Hunuaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s & Clevedon Reserve) kept the overall design(structureplan) compact and sustainable.

THE SITE + The site is 81 Hectares + It is an expansion of the existing Clevedon Village + Located South-East of the existing Clevedon Village + Ephemeral streams cuts through site + Currently grazing land + Clevedon show grounds are situated within the site + No native vegetation within site + Boarded by Clevedon-Papakura Road + Currently intersected by monumnet Road + Sits within the low risk 100 year flood plain V1

V3 V2

LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS NATURAL AND PHYSICAL FEATURES The Following maps look at Clevedon Eco-Island and the wider area including the existing Clevedon Village. A detailed analysis has been made of the landscape, including its natural bounderies, man made interventions, and ecological habitats.

STREAMS/FLOOD PLAINS

The Rivers and Ephemeral streams within my site have been buffered by 25m each side. By buffering these, it shows which areas need to be protected via riparian planting. This will help stop stream erosion and potential for flooding. These buffered areas will be part of my retired land and will not be suitable for developing on. These buffered areas will also provide amenity for the development with the potential of walkways/cycleways running alongside the buffers. These buffered areas will be part of the retired land which is not suitable for development.

SLOPE

The slope within the site has been analysed, calculated, and reclassified to show slope of 15 degrees or more. Slopes of 15 degrees or more have steep gradients are difficult to develop, and are also prone to erosion. Erosion prone slopes can compound sedimentation in waterways resulting in loss of land quality. Inappropriate land use can increase the potential of land loss through this erosion process. The most effective way to mitigate this is to plant these areas, which helps to prevent erosion. These areas will be part of the retired land which is not suitable for development. Also due to the site being relatively flat the amount of south facing slope is so minimal it is irrelevant and I have not included it in the retired land.

IMPERVIOUS SURFACES

Impervious surfaces are surfaces that donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t allow water to permeate through the soil. The existing building footprints and roads are part of these impervious surfaces. These areas show where development has already occurred and highlights areas that could be developed. The majority of these impervious surfaces will be part of the retired land which is not suitable for development (existing roads, red existing built environment and green existing open space). As one of my key ideas is to retain as much of the local chacter as possible and incorporate the old with the new.

RETIRED LAND

The retired land includes stream/river buffers, slope above 15 degrees and more, ephemoral streams, existing land cover/built environment. These have been put together to create an overall area of retired land. These areas will be planted with native vegetation, following the trends of existing landcover types that are allready within the Clevedon area. These retired areas of land provide amenities for people as well as providing an environment for other organisms, and to help connect the surrounding landscape through a network of vegetation. This map shows the area that is not going to be zoned for development. The area covers approximatly 60ha.

DEVELOPMENT STRATERGY

CONNECTIVITY AND NEW GROWTH

With my development I will look at how to add new growth to my area to house more people, whilst incorporating the idea of being a self sufficient community. And also enhance the existing natural ecological/environment connections.

The Clevedon Landscape offers an exciting opportunity for new development. However, there is limited area in which Clevedon can expand due to Clevedons underlying hydrology which includes its major river/stream systems and floodplains. These substantially restrict where and how Clevedon can grow. If Clevedon is to develop into a well-defined , desirable and dynamic centre, which is able to respond to the changing conditions of Auckland (Auckland growth strategy) and its changing society. There is a need for a strategic decision of where and how to grow! So far the analysis has revealed a few landscape processes, hidden within the site and Clevedon Valley. • The Wairoa River and its crucial link as Clevedons stormwater outlet, which flows into the Tamaki Strait, then out to the Hauraki Gulf. • An increasing population within Auckland and East Auckland. • Stormwater management. • A reduced supply of available land for development within Auckland’s MUL. Using the idea of being a self-sufficient and sustainable community. How can I unravel, and manipulate these processes in order to define a strategy that will transform Clevedon into a self-sufficient, sustainable,and resilient landscape. The process that was undertaken to develop Clevedon and ensure ecological/recreational/and vechicular connectivity is shown in the following images. Medium density (terraced housing) - 300m2 site - 150m2 building footprint Low density (suburban 1) - 600m2 site - 250m2 building footprint Low density (suburban 2) - 1000m2 site - 300m2 building footprint

CIRCULATION

Existing main road Clevedon-Papakura Rd

Existing main road Monument Rd

Ring Road (New)

Walkway/Cycleway only

Minor Road (New)

Suburban Road (New) Muse (New)

Existing Main Roads - 20m Ring Roads - 20m Minor Roads - 15m Suburban Roads - 10m Museâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s - 7m Walkway/Cycleways - 3m

The movement of people via pedestrian and vehicular connections through the site is extremely important. Pedestrian and cycle access is very important within the site as limiting vehicle use will benefit the communities greatly. Due to the site being very walkable in terms of distance to amenities this was key in how to lay out my roads and pathways for pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles with pedestrians and cyclists being the priority. The road and walkway networks weave across the site and connect each part of the development to multiple other areas, drawing people intowards Clevedons new Community Hub in the middle of the site. The movement of organisms and water is also an important aspect to the area, as this keeps the ecology alive and healthy while also mitigating the amount of storm water runoff that goes into the streams. The roads act as connective routes for vehicles, as well as pedestrians in the form of sidewalks/cycleways alongside roads. Main roads are set out as ring roads and are connected to the existing main roads Clevedon-Papakura Road and Monument Road out from Clevedon Community Hub within the centre of the site, with minor roads intersecting between these, forming access to housing. The ephemeral streams that were mapped out act as pedestrian/cycle corridors, moving people throughout the site and beyond. The ephemeral stream buffers also provide a corridor system between patches of ecology withing the overall Clevedon area.

MEDIUM DENSITY (TERRACED HOUSING)

3 story terraced housing 300m2 plots 150m2 building footprint, all terraced houses back onto a Muse.

LOW DENSITY (SUBURBAN HOUSING -1)

Stream frontage/100 year floodplain Risk. Detached house on 1000m2 plots, 300m2 building footprint . Because of the risk of flooding in this area, houses will be built on piles or plinths.

LOW DENSITY (SUBURBAN HOUSING -2)

Detached house on 600m2 plots 250m2 building footprint. These houses will aslo be built on piles or plinths due to thier being a risk of flooding.

COMMERCIAL

26 commercial 100m2 plots. next to new Clevdon Community Hub. Opposite the exisitng Clevedon Markets area

COMMUNITY HUB/CIVIC OPEN SPACE

The community hub/civic open space is a key component to the strategy for connecting new and existing development towards the new hub/centre. Ideally the community hub will facilitate the concentration of Clevedons activities. This new community hub forms the core of the new urban fabric in Clevedon, socially and ecologically connecting and integrating parts of the development to each other and the greater region.

STORMWATER The topography of the area for development has two main rivers (Wairoa River and Taitaia stream) running down either side of the site, which ends up in the Tamaki Strait then feeds into the Hauraki Gulf. A subtle ridge that cuts through the middle of the site creates runoff into these rivers. Catching the stormwater and putting it through a treatment process before it permeates into the river systems is very important especially as the site lies within the 100 year flood plain. This is also a key component for the site to be sustainable and ecologically resilient. This will be done by a variety of storm water management interventions such as swales and rain gardens that will run throughout the site. These will also add to the amenity of the area.

Building

Walkway/Cycleway Swale

Road

PLANTING The retired land does not consist any existing native vegetation. Stream buffers have been created in the landscape analysis process, which will need to be vegetated. Roading, public spaces and stormwater planting will also need to be vegetated. A variety of native species will be used to provide a range of habitats and ecosystems for fauna. Native riparian species will be used in the stream buffers, and these species will also help with the treatment of stormwater.

SUMMARY The landscape analysis maps have provided thorough insight into the components and make up of the site, and have allowed informed decisions to be made on which areas should be developed, retired or protected. Using this information the proposed site was developed creating a mix of terraced and suburban housing within a 81ha site. There are 1272 terraced houses based on 300m2 plots, 276 suburban houses based on 600m2 plots, and 75 surburban houses based on 1000m2 plots. In total there are 1623 housing plots, which gives the site 20 dwellings per hectare. Recreational Amenities are provided throughout the site, as well as stormwater and flood management. Pedestrian/cycle circulation networks are provided via ephemeral stream buffers moving throughout the site, while vehicular circulation is achieved via the network of roads. A variety of vegetation would be used in the buffered areas (retired land) as well as along the roads and in public spaces.

MASTER PLAN

Existing main road Clevedon-Papakura Rd

Existing main road Monument Rd

Ring Road (New) Walkway/Cycleway only

Minor Road (New)

Suburban Road (New) Muse (New)

Medium density (terraced housing) Low density (Suburban - 1) Low density (Suburban - 2) Community Hub/Civic open space Ephemeral Streams (buffered)

Existing Main Roads - 20m Ring Roads - 20m Minor Roads - 15m Suburban Roads - 10m Museâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s - 7m Walkway/Cycleways - 3m

Amanda Tisdall 1348088

Clevedon Eco Island is a new development that is situated within the Clevedon valley south west of the existing Clevedon village, surrounded by the 100 year floodplain. Its aim is to become a sustainable self-sufficient community. 81 HECTARES

1623 DWELLINGS

4869 PEOPLE

COMMUNITY HUB Existing green open space in Clevedon provides an opportunity to become the new heart of Clevedon.

ECOLOGICAL CONNECTIVITY Buffered Ephemeral streams, green community hub combined with onsite stormwater management creates a crucial link between the Hunua Ranges, Clevedon Scenic Reserve and the Hauraki Gulf