Quiz

QUIZ

1. Forces in evolution can change the frequency of each of these things in a population except for what?

a. Alleles b. Genotypes c. Phenotypes d. Genomes

Answer: d. Genomes is a concept that is defined as the totality of the genes in an organism. The frequency of genomes does not change but the alleles, genotypes, and phenotypes will change in frequency in the genome of members of the population.

2. What is the earliest change in a population that has suggested that evolution has occurred?

a. Change in habitat b. Change in an allele frequency c. Change in gender frequencies d. Change in the population size

Answer: b. A change in the frequency of an allele is most likely to be the earliest evidence that evolution has occurred within the population.

3. What is the main cause of a population bottleneck?

a. Separation of the population b. A natural disaster c. A sudden increase in the population d. Increased inbreeding in a population

Answer: b. Most population bottlenecks are caused by a natural disaster that kills off most of the population so that the gene pool of the surviving population is different from the gene pool of the original population.

4. What is not the main cause of the founder effect in a population?

a. Separation of the population b. Decrease in natural selection c. A sudden decrease in the population d. Increased inbreeding in a population

Answer: b. Each of these is a causative factor in the founder effect in a population except that it isn t caused by a decrease in natural selection.

5. What is not assumed by the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?

a. No migrations b. No mutations c. No selective pressure d. Finite population

Answer: d. Each of these is assumed as part of the Hardy-Weinberg Principle except that it assumes an infinite population rather than a finite population.

6. What is least likely to violate the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?

a. Population gene flow b. Low allele frequency c. Non-random mating d. Mutations

Answer: b. The Hardy-Weinberg principle is violated in each of these circumstances but it is not violated if there is a low allele frequency.

7. An individual in a cooperative environment who does not do his or her own share of the work is called what?

a. Mimicker b. Misfit c. Parasite d. Cheater

Answer: d. A cheater is an individual in a cooperative environment who does not do his or her own share of the work in the group.

8. What is not true of a greenbeard gene?

a. It leads to selfish behavior. b. It has an identifiable phenotype. c. It is linked to cooperative behavior. d. It is largely hypothetical.

Answer: a. A greenbeard gene is a hypothetical gene that has an identifiable phenotype that is known to be linked to cooperative behavior.

9. What is not necessary to define group living?

a. Social interaction between group members b. Spatial proximity for some period of time c. Competition for resources d. At least two individuals in the group

Answer: c. Each of these is necessary to define group living except for competition for resources, which is not a part of the definition.

10. What is not an advantage but is instead a cost of group living?

a. Increased risk of disease b. Decreased cooperation c. Increased biological stress d. Increased chance for inbreeding

Answer: b. Each of these is a cost of group living except that it does not necessarily decrease cooperation among the members.