Quiz

QUIZ

1. What is a new virus particle called?

a. Viroid b. Virion c. Virusoid d. Prion

Answer: b. A virion is what a new virus particle is called. The viroid, virusoid, and prion are other types of acellular pathogens.

2. Transmission of a virus through dust particles is called what?

a. Transmission through a biological vector b. Transmission through a mechanical vector c. Direct transmission d. Transmission through a fomite

Answer: d. Transmission through a fomite involves contact with something in the environment, such as a dust particle, that passes on the virus particle.

3. Where in the eukaryotic cell do DNA viruses replicate?

a. Cytoplasm b. Rough endoplasmic reticulum c. Nucleus d. Near the cell membrane

Answer: c. DNA viruses enter the nucleus and replicate. The same is not true of bacteriophages and most RNA viruses.

4. What stage of the viral life cycle only happens with virulent phages when they infect a virus particle?

a. Penetration b. Maturation c. Biosynthesis d. Lysis

Answer: d. Lysis only happens with virulent phages because only these phages will lyse and destroy the cell they have infected.

5. What is it called when there is a trigger that removes the viral genome from the host cell, causing a reaction that goes on to killing the cell?

a. Induction b. Lysogenic conversion c. Maturation d. Replication

Answer: a. Induction is when the prophage DNA is excised out of the host genome, ultimately leading to the death and lysis of the cell.

6. What causes the lysogenic cycle of viral infections to lead specifically to what’s called specialized transduction?

a. Only certain types of bacterial species can take up the transduced DNA. b. This type of infection and DNA transfer only occurs in bacteriophage infections. c. Only DNA segments that are near the site of the prophage get transduced. d. It can happen in the lytic cycle or lysogenic cycle of bacterial infections.

Answer: c. This is called specialized transduction because only the DNA segments that are near the site of the prophage get transduced from one bacterial organism to another.

7. The virus growth cycle in a culture medium of bacteria goes in which order?

a. Burst phase, eclipse phase, inoculation phase b. Inoculation phase, burst phase, eclipse phase c. Inoculation phase, eclipse phase, burst phase d. Eclipse phase, inoculation phase, burst phase

Answer: c. The viral titer goes from the inoculation phase to the eclipse phase, which is during the acute infection, followed by the burst phase, in which virus particles are released up to a certain burst size.

8. In virology, what is tissue tropism?

a. The tendency for viruses to kill the host cell or organism b. The tendency for viruses to become latent for a period of time c. The tendency for viruses to cause a chronic infection rather than kill the host d. The tendency for viruses to infect certain cells but not others

Answer: d. Tissue tropism is the tendency for viruses to infect certain cells but not others.

9. What type of infectious disease is Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?

a. Viral b. Bacterial c. Viroid d. Prion

Answer: d. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a prion disease of the brain that causes dementia and the rapid onset of death from brain disease over several months.

10. What type of genome is seen in a prion disease?

a. It does not have a genome b. It is generally single-stranded RNA c. It is a loop of double-stranded DNA d. It is often a single-stranded DNA segment

Answer: a. Prions are strictly infectious abnormal proteins that do not themselves have any type of genome associated with them.