Quiz

QUIZ

1. What is not a part of a DNA-based nucleotide?

a. Ribose molecule b. Phosphate group c. Deoxyribose molecule d. Nitrogenous base

Answer: a. There is just one type of sugar molecule in a DNA nucleotide and this is deoxyribose and not ribose, which is another type of fivecarbon sugar.

2. What would not be seen in a DNA nucleoside?

a. Adenine b. Thymine c. Deoxyribose d. Phosphate

Answer: d. A DNA nucleoside is just a nitrogenous base like adenine and thymine plus deoxyribose but not the phosphate group. If a phosphate group is associated with this, it is referred instead as a nucleotide.

3. What is the carbon number on the deoxyribose sugar that has the free phosphate end associated with the end of a DNA strand?

a. One-prime b. Three-prime c. Four-prime d. Five-prime

Answer: d. It is the five-prime end that has the free phosphate group associated with it at the end of the DNA strand. The three-prime end has a free hydroxyl group.

4. What kind of bonding occurs between nitrogenous bases on a DNA double helix?

a. Ionic bonding b. Hydrogen bonding c. Covalent bonding d. Metallic bonding

Answer: b. Hydrogen bonding connects two of the nitrogenous bases in a DNA double helix. The purines match with the pyrimidines, and vice versa.

5. What is the type of RNA seen in eukaryotes only and participates in RNA processing?

a. Transfer RNA b. Ribosomal RNA c. Messenger RNA d. Small nuclear RNA

Answer: d. Small nuclear RNA is found only in eukaryotes and participates in the processing of RNA.

6. Which type of RNA takes the DNA message and sends it outside the nucleus or into the cytoplasm for the making of proteins?

a. Transfer RNA b. Ribosomal RNA c. Messenger RNA d. Small nuclear RNA

Answer: c. Messenger RNA is the carrier of the DNA message. It takes this message to the ribosomes where it is translated into a protein.

7. What is it called when proteins are made in the ribosome through the activity of messenger RNA and transfer RNA?

a. Translation b. Replication c. Modification d. Transcription

Answer: a. Translation is the making of proteins from messenger RNA and transfer RNA.

8. The totality of the genetic material of the cell or organism is called what?

a. Chromosome b. Genome c. Gene d. Phenotype

Answer: b. The totality of the genetic material of a cell or organism is referred to as its genome. This will be different from organism to organism.

9. What is a segment of a chromosome that directly codes for a protein?

a. Exon b. Intron c. Regulator segment d. Stop segment

Answer: a. An exon is a segment of a chromosome that directly codes for a protein. The rest of the choices are not coding segments that make a protein.

10. Which genome type would be considered the smallest?

a. Diploid genome b. Polyploid genome c. Haploid genome d. Triploid genome

Answer: c. A haploid genome will be the smallest because it has just one copy of the cell’s genome, while the other choices represent the presence of more than one copy of the chromosomes.