Quiz

QUIZ

1. What is the direction of a restoring force when a pipe made of plastic is deformed when held at a fixed point?

a. Toward the fixed point b. At a tangent to the direction of the deformation c. In the direction of the displacement d. In the opposite direction of the displacement

Answer: d. The direction of the restoring force will be in the opposite direction of the displacement. If the displacement of the pipe is toward the left, the restoring force will be directly opposite and directed toward the right.

2. What is the restoring constant for the deformation of an object based on when the object is deformed or forced to oscillate?

a. The distance it is deformed. b. The substance it is made from. c. The distance from the fixed point. d. The force applied to the object.

Answer: b. The force constant for an oscillating object that is deformed is completely related to the substance it is made from. Some things will be very rigid and will have a great restoring force, while some things will be floppy and will have a small restoring force.

3. In simple harmonic motion, what is the relationship between the object’s oscillatory period, the mass applied, and the amplitude of the wave (distance of the force applied)?

a. The period is proportional to the square root of the mass and is unrelated to the amplitude. b. The period is proportional to the mass and inversely proportional to the amplitude.

c. The period is inversely proportional to the mass and proportional to the amplitude. d. The period is proportional to the square of the mass and inversely proportional to the amplitude.

Answer: a. The period is proportional to the square root of the mass and is unrelated to the amplitude. Remember that the period is the time for one oscillation.

4. What is the relationship between the frequency of the object in simple harmonic motion, the amplitude of the force, and the force constant?

a. The frequency of the simple harmonic motion is proportional to its force constant and the amplitude of its force. b. The frequency of the simple harmonic motion is proportional to the square root of the force constant and unrelated to the amplitude. c. The frequency of the simple harmonic motion is inversely proportional to the square root of the force constant and its amplitude. d. The frequency of the simple harmonic motion is proportional to the square of the force constant and unrelated to the amplitude.

Answer: b. The frequency of the simple harmonic motion is proportional to the square root of the force constant but is not at all related to the amplitude of its force. What this means is that you can pluck a guitar string and will have the same sound when plucking it hard as when plucking it softly.

5. What happens when the damping of an oscillating system reaches critical damping?

a. The velocity maximum of the system will increase. b. The equilibrium is achieved the fastest. c. The system will overshoot the equilibrium to the maximal degree. d. The system will gradually undershoot the equilibrium point.

Answer: b. Critical damping will return the system to equilibrium as quickly as possible without overshooting. An underdamped system will oscillate through the equilibrium position and an overdamped system will move more slowly toward equilibrium than one that is critically damped.

6. What does the application of a force at a frequency that reaches an object’s resonance frequency do?

a. Increase the period b. Increase the frequency c. Decrease the frequency d. Increase the amplitude

Answer: d. Upon reaching the resonant frequency, the amplitude will be increased. This can be reached in different objects that have different resonant frequencies.

7. What is the velocity of the wave in a wave system?

a. The peak to peak time period b. The peak to peak distance horizontally c. The distance from peak to peak vertically d. The distance traveled over a given period

Answer: d. The velocity will be the distance travelled over a given period defined by T or the lambda divided by the period.

8. When it comes to the waves of the ocean, what will the time be between crests of the wave be in initials?

a. T b. x c. lambda d. v

Answer: a. The time between crests of a wave will be the period, which is also determined as the T of the wave. The initial x will be half the

height from peak to trough, lambda will be the wavelength, and v will be the wave velocity.

9. When two identical waves have the peak of one happening at the trough of another, what happens to the resultant wave?

a. The amplitude and wavelength will double. b. The amplitude will be the same but the wavelength will double. c. The amplitude and the wavelength will be zero. d. The amplitude will double and the wavelength will be the same.

Answer: c. The waves completely cancel one another out, which will be referred to as destructive interference. There will be no wave whatsoever.

10. When two waves of opposite direction come together, they will create periods where the wave amplitude is zero. What is this point on a wave?

a. Node b. Antinode c. Loop d. Standing wave

Answer: a. The node in a standing wave situation is where two waves have destructive interference such that there is complete cancellation of the two waves. The antinode is the point of maximal wave addition and maximal constructive interference.