View with charts and images
NORM Solar Power Plant Pvt. Ltd. Executive Summary Solar energy is vital to support life on earth, it helps to light our day. Influence weather patterns, provide heat and can be used to generate solar electricity. Solar electricity relies upon man made devices as solar panel, or solar cells in order to provide a source of clean and low cost renewable energy. In our business project, we are highly emphasized on the ethic that our business must not do any harm to the environment or to the people living around. We will generate electricity with scientific method from the renewable energy. We will also provide jobs to the people. With this business, we can hope strongly that if we work with honesty, we will surely remove darkness from every corner of Bangladesh and our business will be one of the best and largest business forms in the world. Name of the project: • The name of the project is NORM Solar Power Plant Private Ltd. • Location of the project: • The project is located at Konabari, Gazipur, Dhaka-1217, Bangladesh. Address of the registered: The address of the registered office is Utsav Tower (9 th floor), 234/a Gulshan-1, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh. Introduction
Introduction Solar Technology In today’s climate of growing electricity demand and increasing environmental concern, alternative to the use of non-renewable and polluting fossil fuels have to be investigated. One such alternative is solar electricity. Solar power is nothing but the sunlight that shines on the earth’s surface. It has been estimated that one hour of solar power on the earth can meet the energy demand of the world for one year. Objective: • • • • • •
To remove the darkness from every corner of Bangladesh. To provide solar electricity at a very low cost. One time installation cost & lifetime free electricity. Clients will never face any kinds of load shedding by using our solar panels. To be the only manufacturer of solar electricity in Bangladesh. To produce environment friendly electricity.
Methodology: • For preparing this project plan we collected the necessary information’s from these following sources: • The passive Solar House (Real Goods Independent Living Books) by James Kachadorain. • Notes from a Dying Planet, 2004-2006: One Scientist’s Search for Solutions by Paul Brown on. • Photovoltaics: Design and Installation Manual. • Got Sun? Go Solar: Get Free Renewable Energy to Power Your Grid-Tied Home. • Article of Dr. Sarwar Khan on solar electricity “The Ultimate Solution.” • Government and Non-government organizations. • The World Wide Web Or Internet. • Previous reports.
Business Introduction
General Description of the venture: The proposed industrial venture would be a Private Limited Company has been incorporated in Bangladesh On February 14 th, 2010 vide registration no. C75465(90)/10 with the register of Joint Stock Companies under the Company Act1994, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh under the name and style “NORM SOLAR POWER PLANT PRIVATE LTD.” Authorized capital of the company is 80,00,00,000.00 (Eighty Core only) divided into 10,00,000 (Ten lace) ordinary shares of Tk. 800 each. Out of the total ordinary shares are completely subscribed i.e. the present paid up capital is 10,00,000.00 (Ten lac only). Summary of the project: • • • • • •
Name of the project: The name of the project is NORM Solar Power Plant Private Ltd. Location of the project: The project is located at Konabari, Gazipur, Dhaka-1217, Bangladesh. Address of the registered: The address of the registered office is Utsav Tower (9 th floor), 234/a Gulshan1, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh.
Industry Background A power plant is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. Today’s modern world totally depends on proper electricity supply. But our Government can not cope with the current consumer demands because of poor electricity supply. The daily requirements of the electricity are 5125 MW, where the Government can provide only 3500 MW. That’s why people are suffering from heavy load shading. The shortage of electricity accelerates this problem more. Countries all over the world are moving forward. But we can’t keep pace with them because we are not so developed in industrial sector and the main cause of this is insufficient supply of electricity.
World’s largest power plant Some of the Bangladeshi companies are already engaging in solar business. But their coverage is not so far. They are not expanding their activities commercially. In our country which organizations and projects are working for the development of solar industry, these are• • • •
Grameen Shakti Rahimafrooz Infrastructure Development Company Ltd. Renewable Energy and Environmental Information Network etc.
None of this organization is produce electricity in large scale, but we will be the only huge manufacturer and solution provider in this industry for the first time in Bangladesh. Company Background
Company’s Vision: In the world where technology increasing by touches every aspects of our daily life, the company wants to become a leading solution provider of electricity problem in the whole Bangladesh and the company also desire to set up a mega-power station capacity to produce 500MW of electricity per day. The vision of the company is to become the largest Solar Electricity supplier in the South-East Asia within 2021. Company’s Mission: Company’s missions are as follows• The company wants to improve the quality of lives through the continuous supply of electricity. • It also committed to provide the highest quality. • The commitment maintains high ethics and moral standards. Company’s History: The promoters of this company are extensively involved with this project. From the very beginning promoters wanted to start this project. The project is located at Konabari, Gazipur beside Dhaka-Mymensingh highway. As for this project promoters have 50 acres of land. The main source of raw material is solar power. Uniqueness of the Service: The company is unique in nature; reasons are stated as followsRemove darkness from every corner of Bangladesh. Produce solar electricity at a very low cost. One time installation cost and lifetime free electricity. Clients will never face any kinds of load shading by using solar panel. Produce environment friendly electricity.
Management Aspects
The Promoters In Bangladesh the needs of electricity is very much high. We the following members of group NORM were very much conscious about the rapid demand of electricity. So a few days earlier we were sitting together and talking how we can manage the electricity scarcity and after a long brain storming we got a perfect solution for electricity and the solution was “Solar Power Plant”. The promoters are: • • • • • • • • • • •
Mustakeem Leuon Mashjida Nusrat Nishat Ummay Sayma Hoque Asif Zaman Mishel Farzana Sultana Doly Ayesha Hossain Sadia Alif Rudaba Norin Md. Asif Fuhad Linkon Mahbuba Khatun Munny Israt Jahan Shiuly Akhter Joya.
The promoters have given our management team a lot of support to make this project possible.
Profile of the Promoters: Name : Mustakeem Leuon Age: 40 Designation: Chairman Qualification : MBA (NSU) Experience : He is working in the finance ministry.
Name : Ummay Sayma Hoque Age : 29 Designation: CEO Qualification : BBA (Finance) (NSU), MBA (Finance) (DU). Experience: She was working in foreign ministry.
Name : Farzana Sultana Doly Age : 31 Designation: Operation Manager Qualification : BBA, MBA (JU) Experience: She has been working in the operation sector of some foreign companies.
Name : Mashjida Nusrat Nishat Age : 31 Designation: Managing Director Qualification : BBA (Finance), MBA (Finance) (CU). Experience: She has enormous capacity to make decision about accounts. Name : Asif Zaman Mishel Age : 32 Designation: Sales & Marketing Manager Qualification : BBA (Marketing) (NSU), MBA (Marketing) (NSU). Experience: Experience in Marketing.
Name : Ayesha Hossain Sadia Age : 33 Designation: Accounts & Finance Manager Qualification : BBA (Accounting) (JAU), ACCA (Member ACA). Experience: Experience in Bank.
Name : Alif Rudaba Norin Age : 28 Designation: HRM Qualification : Masters in HRM Experience: She was working in foreign ministry.
Name : Mahbuba Khatun Munny Age : 33 Designation: Technical Manager Qualification : BBA (IBA). Experience:
Name : Shiuly Akhter Joya Age : 32 Designation: Administrative Consultant Qualification : BBA (JAU), Experience:
Name : Md. Asif Fuhad Linkon Age : 34 Designation: IRM Qualification : Masters in International Relations Experience:
Name : Israt Jahan Age : 30 Designation: Export Manager Qualification : MBA (IBA). Experience:
Organization Structure Mustakeem Leuon (Chairman)
Mashjida Nusrat Nishat (Managing Director) Ummay Sayma Hoque (Chief Executive Officer)
Asif Zaman Mishel (Sales & Marketing Manager)
Md. Asif Fuhad (International Relationship
Farzana Sultan (Operation Manager)
Mahbuba Khatun (Technical Manager)
Ayesha Hossain (Account & Finance Manager)
Alif Rudaba (Operation Manager)
Israt Jahan (Export Manager)
Shiuly Akhter (Administrative Consultant)
Management Team The overall management of the company is valid with the Board or Directors. The board formulates company’s policies and provides guidelines for its day to day business operation. The company is operated by a well balanced team of Proficient Electrical Engineers, Mechanical Engineers, skilled business experts and other competent professionals in respective functions. Our company follows a policy of making contacts for utilizing the expertise and skills of eminent technical and other professional consultants as and when necessary for its project. Legal form of company The proposed industrial venture would be a Private Limited Company which has been incorporated in Bangladesh on 14/02/10 vides registration no. C-75465(90)/10 with the register of Joint Stock Companies under the Company Act-1994. Govt. of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh under the name and style “NORM SOLAR POWER PLANT PRIVATE LTD.” The company will run and managed by its Memorandum of Association and Article of Association. The Board of Directors will be responsible for the management of the company in accordance with its Article of Association.
Share Holding of Owner The shareholding structure of the project is appended below: No.
Name of the owner
Status
1. 2. 3. 4.
Mustakeem Leuon Mashjida Nusrat Nishat Ummay Sayma Hoque Asif Zaman Mishel
5.
Farzana Sultana Doly
6.
Ayesha Hossain Sadia
7.
Alif Rudaba Norin
8.
Md. Asif Fuhad Linkon
9.
Mahbuba Khatun Munny
10. 11.
Israt Jahan Shiuly Akhter Joya.
No of Share Share (%) holding position Chairman 10 1 M.D 9 2 CEO 9 3 Sales & Marketing 9 4 Manager Operation 9 5 Manager Account & 9 5 Finance Manager Human Resource 9 5 Manager International 9 6 Relationship Manager Technical 9 6 Manager Export Manager 9 7 Administrative 9 7 Consultant No. of Share = 100%
The status of share holding of NORM Solar Power Plant Pvt. Ltd. will be9%
10%
9%
1
9%
2 3 4
9%
9%
5 6 7 8
9%
9%
9 10 11
9%
9% 9%
Banks and Financial Institutions NORM SOLAR POWR PLANT PVT. LTD. is a private ltd. company. Though all our members are financially solvent, we can not 100% financiered by own for this project. So we need to take loan from Bank. We also study the difference of bank loan policy. By this study the management of our company has selected 4 banks for submitting the proposal of the business and feasibility study for their kind perusal.
• • • •
Bangladesh Shilpa Bank Standard Chartered Bank EXIM Bank Industrial Development Leasing Company of Bangladesh.
Auditors: NORM SOLAR POWR PLANT PVT. LTD. wants to check corruption and avoid mistakes. In this regard we will maintain a well design auditing system. Maintaining this process our auditing activity consists of 2 parts. Internal Auditing: Internal auditing will perform by the manage and the executives of Finance and Accounts Department. External Auditing: A renowned auditing firm will handle this activity. Name of the Address Status firms Rahman, Rahman 2/19 Kawran Auditors Haque Co. Ltd. Bazar, Dhaka.
Duration For the FY 201011.
Technical Segment
Technical Aspects Solar Technology In today’s climate of growing electricity demand and increasing environmental concern, alternative to the use of non-renewable and polluting fossil fuels have to be investigated. One such alternative is solar electricity. Solar power is nothing but the
sunlight that shines on the earth’s surface. It has been estimated that one hour of solar power on the earth can meet the energy demand of the world for one year. How a Solar power plant works Solar photovoltaic power plant uses photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight into direct current electricity using the photo electric effect. This type of plant does not use rotating machines for energy conversion.
Solar thermal power plants are another type of solar power plant. They use either parabolic troughs or heliostats to direct sunlight onto a pipe containing a heat transfer fluid, such as oil. The heated oil is then used to boil water into steam, which turns a turbine that drives an electrical generator. The central tower type of solar thermal power plant uses hundreds or thousands of mirrors, depending on size, to direct sunlight onto a receiver on top of a tower. Again, the heat is used to produce steam to turn turbines that drive electrical generators. Company Layout
Structure & Civil Work
A. Land Location: The project is proposed to be set up at Konabari, Gazipur. The project will have the good infrastructure & communication facilities. Utility facilities are available there. The sponsors have produced 15 bigha lands to set up the proposed. Minor fillings cuttings of the land would be required for construction of factory building. The cost of the land is 12 crore. B. Civil works Details of building and other civil work: Particulars
Type of construction Factory building Steel Structure Office building RCC Structure Power house RCC Structure Raw material ware house Permanent Structure Finish goods ware house Permanent Structure Staff quarter RCC Structure Internal road work Total cost of building and other civil work Production Flowchart
Areas Sq.ft. 60000 10000 1000 25000
Rate/Sqft
Total cost
950/1850/1500/500/-
2,20,00,000 96,00,000 8,00,000 27,32,000
35000 500/-
35,00,000
3000
38,00,000 9,68,000 43400000
1850/-
Production Capacity
Machinery & Equipments We import 60% of our service related machinery and equipments from India and Chin. We also concentrate our mind to import Quality Measurement Systems from Europe and US. The total cost of imported machinery as per latest price of the suppliers stands at Tk. 50.63 core only. Details list of imported machinery are given under hereName of Machinery Glass Machinery (Robotic Solutions) Factory Equipments Other Machinery Grinding Machinery Trimming & Polishing Welding & Cutting Accessories Junction Box Tower Structures Piping System
Country Origin US China China China China China India India India
Price (TK) 57497000.00 46664000.00 43100000.00 68650.00 52499.30 62300.00 66347.40 39620.50 299999.70
Voltage Converter Controller Power Monitoring Systems AC Digital Volt Meter Firing Plant (Common) Laboratory Equipments Cleaning Equipments Packing & Installations for Solar Panel Packing & Installations for Charge Controller Packing & Installations for Meter Gas Generator (1500 KW) Solar Powered Backup System for Generator Security & Alert System Firing Plant & Equipments for Frame Structure Mainframe Computers for Quality Control (5) Safety Tolls Marketing Aspects
Marketing Aspects Current Scenario in Bangladesh
US US US China US India India India India Europe Australia US China
80500.00 10138662.30 10500.00 77777.70 30013930.00 97623.50 20008267.00 20009298.00 10006139.70 6563106.90 20530000.00 10115616.00 10506730.00
US US
11724766.90 348033.30 264355130.30
Electricity condition in Bangladesh is not sufficient enough for is customers. This is a great problem for our country & people. That’s why we “NORM SOLAR POWER PLANT PVT. LTD.” want to develop this current situation by solving this problem. Today’s modern world totally depends on proper electricity supply. But our Government cannot cope with the current consumer demands because of poor electricity supply. The daily requirements of electricity are 5125 MW, where the Government can provide only 3500 MW. That’s why peoples are suffering from heavy load shading. The shortage of electricity accelerates this problem more. In our country, few organizations and some projects are working for the development of solar industry, these-are• • • •
Grameen Shakti Rahimafroz Infrastructure Development Company Ltd. (IDCOL) Renewable Energy and Environmental Information Network (REEIN) etc.
None of this organization is produce electricity in large scale, but we will be the only huge manufacturer and solution provider in this industry for the first time in Bangladesh. Situation Analysis Market summary Current in Bangladesh the total requirement of electricity is 5125 mega watt. But our government can only produce 3500 mega watt. So there is a huge shortage. For these reasons whole consumer faces problem. So there is huge demand of electricity in our country. Modern life people cannot live without electricity. The market for electricity is large. People want electricity always for performing their task regularly following is main consumers of electricity: • • • • • • •
Individual users. Apartments & building. Shopping malls. Hospital & clinics. School, colleges & Universities. Laboratories. Industries.
SWOT Analysis
W
S Strength s
Weakne ss
Opportuniti es
Threats
O
T
S=Strength: We will produce solar electricity at a very low cost. One time installation cost & lifetime free electricity. Clients will never face any kinds of load shedding by using our solar equipments. We will produce user friendly packages. W= Weakness: People are unaware of this system. Lack of availability of local raw materials. O=Opportunity: Government support & subsidy (no tax & subsidy up to 40%). Huge demand of electricity. Cheap labor cost. Less competitive market. T=Threats: High installation cost. Withdrawal of government subsidy. Threat from other alternative electricity sources. SWOT analysis is grounded in the basic principle that strategy making efforts must aim at producing a good fit between a company’s resource capability & its external situation CHECKLIST FOR STRENGTH/WEAKNESS ANALYSIS
OPPORTUNITY MATRIX
THREAT MATRIX
Competitor Analysis In Bangladesh right now mainly companies are engaged in this business. They are positioning an important part in this market. They are: Grameen Shakti. Rahimafrooz BRAC
30 55 15
60
55
50
40
30
30
Series1
20
15
10
0 Grameen Shakti.
Rahimafrooz
BRAC
So from this it is very relevant that we are going to face strong competition in the market. For our survival and growth we need to have strong and good promotional activity as well as better customer service. Marketing Strategy STP Analysis:
S=Segmentation: We are going to segment the market in 2 waysGeographic Segmentation: 1. Urban consumer 2. Rural consumer In geographic segmentation we have found that 53% of urban people are interested in solar electricity and 41% of rural people are interested in this solar electricity. Demographic Segmentation: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Individual home user Real estate companies Shopping malls Small industries Educational institution.
In demographic segmentation we have found that individual home users and real estate companies are more interested in using solar electricity than other users of solar electricity. T=Target Market: The user of electricity and wants to use electricity is our main target customer. We found that in an average 57% people are interested in using solar electricity. More of them are city dwellers as it is cheapest and uniterrupted electricity. Our marketing researchers found that existing consumer of traditional electricity are very much dissatisfied because of continuous load shedding. So there is huge demand for alternative sources of electricity and we are the ‘NORM Solar Power Plant Pvt. Ltd.’ will provide the ultimate solution to this customer through solar electricity system. We will also provide solar electricity to those people who are deprived of electricity. P=Positioning: We will create such a position in the customer mind that everyone will think about our package before taking any other decision. We will do it by maintaining the following tasks1. 2. 3. 4.
Create band value Giving the scope to the customer to enjoy free electricity By promotion campaigning By arranging seminar
Marketing Mix Analysis PRODUCT PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL CHANNEL PRICING PRICING POLICY POLICY
STORE STORE LOCATION LOCATION
Product Identification: Our product has some unique features and that’s helps the customer to identify our product easily. Some features of our product that will be easily identified by customers’ are• We will produce solar electricity at a very low cost. • One time installation cost & lifetime free electricity. • Clients will never face any kinds of load shading by using our solar equipments. • We will produce user friendly packages. Promotion After Selling service & warranty: We will provide 24/7 customer service to our consumer. We will give 6 months replacement warranty for every equipment and 3 months free service. Consumer can extend their warranty period upto 15 months by paying additional charges. Billboard, posters, neon sign: we will promote our package through big bill boarding, pestering in community and establishing neon light in the major part of cities.
Television advertisement: television advertisement will our main promoting tools for o0ur package to aware the customers and capture the market. Radio advertisement: radio is the cheap source of promoting our package to very corner of Bangladesh. Pricing Policies We are concentrating on market penetration pricing. We are setting low price at minimum profit in order to attract a large no of buyers and a large market shares. Following are the pricing strategy:
Types of distribution channel Our distribution channel is O-level. That meansO-Level distribution channel NORM NORMSolar SolarPower PowerPlant PlantPvt. Pvt.Ltd. Ltd. As Asmanufacturer manufacturer
Consumer Consumer In o-level distribution channel we are manufacturer & from us the consumer will get their desired service. For this purpose we have our own showrooms. Corporate Social Responsibility in Marketing
Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also called corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship, responsibility business and corporate social responsibility) is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of society by taking responsibility for the impact of organization activities on customers, suppliers, employees, communities, as well as the environment. This obligation is seen to extend beyond the statutory obligation to comply with legislation and sees organizations voluntarily taking further steps to improve the quality of life for employees and their families as well as for the local community and society at large. Corporate may be influenced to adopt CSR practices by several drives, they are as follow-
• • • • •
Rules and Regulation Crisis and consequences Ethics training Social Awareness and Education Provide the Best and Cheapest Goods Our Customers
Our corporate and social responsibility in marketing program consist of• • • • •
Development Approaches Potential Business Benefits Human Resources Financial Segment
Financial Aspects Cost of Project
Means of Financing
Debt Long term against FC Working Capital Total Dept Equity Equity against FC Working Capital Total Equity Total Capital Requirement
Amount 15,66,13,078 14,85,12,498 30,51,25,576 10,57,42,052 9,90,08,332 20,47,50,384 50,98,75,960
40%
60%
Debt Financing : Rest of the 60% will be taken by loan. Self financing: 40% of the total investment. Loan Repayment Schedule Pmt. Pmt. No. Date 1. 31.12.1 1 2. 31.12.1 2 3. 31.12.1 3 4. 31.12.1 4 5. 31.12.1 5 6. 31.12.1 6 7. 31.12.1 7 8. 31.12.1 8 9. 31.12.1 9 10. 31.12.2 0 11. 31.12.2 1 12. 31.12.2 2
Beginning balance 305125576 302147101.7 0 298721856.3 0 294782824.1 0 290252937.0 0 285043566.9 0 279052791.3 0 272163399.3 0 264240598.5 0 255129377.6 0 244651473.6 0 232601884.0 0
Installment 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8
Principal payment 2978474.28
Interest@ Remaining 15% balance 45768836.40 302147101.70
3425245.42 2 3939032.23 8 4529887.07 1 5209370.12 6 5990775.64 6 6889391.99 2 7922800.78 4 9111220.90 3 10477904.0 4 12049589.6 5 13857028.0 9
45322065.26 298721856.30 44808278.44 294782824.10 44217423.61 290252937.00 43537940.55 285043566.90 42756535.03 279052791.30 41857918.69 272163399.30 40824509.90 264240598.50 39636089.78 255129377.60 38269406.64 244651473.60 36697721.03 232601884.00 34890282.59 218744855.90
13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
31.12.2 3 31.12.2 4 31.12.2 5 31.12.2 6 31.12.2 7 31.12.2 8 31.12.2 9 31.12.3 0
218744855.9 0 202809273.6 0 184483354.0 0 163408546.4 0 139172517.7 0 111301084.7 0 79248936.72 42388966.55
48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8 48747310.6 8
15935582.2 9 18325919.6 4 21074807.5 9 24236028.7 2 27871433.0 3 32052147.9 8 36859970.1 7 42.88966.55
32811728.39 202809273.60 30421391.04 184483354.00 27+72503.09 16340546.40 24511281.96 139172517.70 20875877.65 111301084.70 16695162.70 79248936.72 11887340.51 42388966.55 6358344.13
Cost of Goods Sold Particular Raw materials Factory Wages & salary Overtime Allowances Factory Power, Fuel, Lubricant Repair & Maintenance Other production O/H Depreciation Expenses Total Production Cost Add: Opening Stock Total Manufacturing Cost Less: Closing Stock
Year-1 3,25,00.000
Year-2 Year-3 3,00,00.000 2,65,00.000
Year-4 2,29,00.00 0
Year-5 1,50,00.000
54,00,00,00
54,00,000
54,00,00
54,00,00
54,00,00
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,000
2,000
6,00,00
7,00,000
8,00,000
9,00,000
10,00,000
45,000
65,000
75,000
83,000
1,00,000
6,63,000
9,00,000
7,50,000
7,00,000
7,00,000
1,22,72,500
1,22,72,500 1,22,72,500
1,22,72,50 0
1,22,72,500
5,14,82,500
49340500
42260500
3,44,78,500
0
3,75,00.000 3,85,00.000
3,95,00.00
4,00,00,000
5,14,82,500
8,68,40,500 4,43,01,500
8,17,60.50 0
7,44,78,500
3,75,00.000
4,00,00.000 4,25,00.000
4,00,00.00 0
30,00,00,00
45801500
Total cost of Goods 139825000 Manufactured Add: Opening Stock FG 0 Goods Available For 1,39,82,500 sale
4,68,40,500 4,18,01,500
4,17,60,50 0
4,44,78,500
1,50,00.000 11,70,00.00 0
1,95,00.00 0
2,34,00,000
61840500
6,12,60,50 0
6,78,78,500
58801500
Working Capital Requirement and its Financing
Income Statement Particular Sales Revenue Less: Cost of Goods Sold Gross Income Less: Administration & Marketing Expenses Operating Income Less: Financial Expenses Earning Before Tax Less: Provision for Taxation Earning After Tax
Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 5,00,00,000 10,00,00,000 9,00,00,000 1,39,82,500 6,18,40,500
Year-4 11,50,00,00 0
5,88,01,500
Year-5 14,25,00,000 6,78,78,500
6,12,60,500 5,37,39,500
7,46,21,500
16,00,00,000 12,00,00,00 0 3,42,17,500 3,65,59,500 2,99,98,500
9,00,00,000
7,00,00,000
5,28,39,500
7,39,21,500
35,00,000
15,00,000
48,00,0000
60,00,000
3,07,17,500 3,15,59,500
2,84,98,500
4,80,39,500
6,79,21,500
1,1519003
11834812
10686938
18014813
25470562
19,19,8437
1,97,24,688
1,78,11,52
3,00,24,687
4,24,50,938
Year-4 11,50,00,00 0
Year-5 14,25,00,000
3,60,17,500 3,81,59,500
3,11,98,500
18,00,000
50,00,000
Profitability Potentials Particular Sales
Year-1 5,00,00,000
Gross Profit
3,60,17,500
Operating Profit
3,42,17,500
Year-2 Year-3 10,00,00,000 9,00,00,00 0 3,81,59,500 5,37,39,50 36559500 0
7,39,21,500 5,28,39,500
3,07,17,500
3,15,59,500
2,99,98,50 0
Earning Before Tax
6,79,21,500 4,80,39,500
1,91,98,437 Net Profit After Tax
7,46,21,500 5,37,39,500
1,97,24,688
2,84,98,50 0 1,78,11,56 2
4,24,50,938 3,00,24,687
Conclusion
Solar energy is the energy received by the earth from the sun. This energy is from of solar radiation, which makes the production of electricity possible. Solar energy is vital to support life on earth, it helps to grow of our foods, light our day. Influence weather patterns, provide heat and can be used to generate solar electricity. Solar electricity relies upon man made devices as solar panel, or solar cells in order to provide a source of clean and low cost renewable energy. As solar energy technologies become more advanced, we are able to use the energy that receives from the sun to provide a greater, significant amount of our electricity. The demand of electricity is rising day by day. So in this situation we are thinking about solar energy in our country to use solar energy for electricity production. It will contribute a lot towards the economy: • Solar system makes the urban and rural areas electrified at one time installation and life time free cost. • It opens the door various incomes. • It has great impact on the national economy of the country. • Using solar system people can become economically independent. Bibliography Books: Photovoltaic Solar Energy Generation- by Adolf Goetzberger, Volker U Hoffmann. Solar Power Your Home for Dummies- by Ri DeGunther. The Easy Guide to Solar Electric- by Adi Pieper. Photovoltaic’s: Design and Installation Manual- by Solar Energy International.
Materials: The Passive Solar House (Real Goods Independent Living Books) by James Kachadorian. The Easy Guide to Solar Electric Part II, Installation Manual by Adi Pieper. Notes from a Dying Planet, 2004-2006: One Scientist’s Search for Solutions by Paul Brown on. Photovoltaics: Design and Installation Manual. Got Sun? Go Solar: Get Free Renewable Energy to Power Your Grid- Tied Home. Manual from Grameen Shakti Bangladesh. Article of Dr. Sarwar Khan on solar electricity? “The Ultimate Solution.” Website: www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Generate. www.electricityforum.com/solar-electricity.html. www.solarelectrialsystems.com. www.solarexpert.com/Photovoltaics.html. www.mrsolar.com. www.solarowerinternational.com. www.solarelectricpower.org. www.greeneconomyinitiative.com.