Spring Ag

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 2018

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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 2018

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The view from above Drones becoming farmer’s next best friend

By Deb Nicklay,

deb.nicklay@austindailyherald.com

Drones are playing a big part in the future of agriculture, used by farmers and crop consultants to check the welfare of crops.

Eric Johnson/photodesk@austindailyherald.com

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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 2018

T

he drone, first thought of as an odd toy by many, has quickly become the farmer’s

friend.

From checking irrigation issues and manure applications, to scouting for plant disease to mapping tile lines, drones are making a definite difference in the way farmers look at their fields — or even livestock.

Three gentlemen from Farm-Tech/ GPS Services of Adams — President Lynn Lagerstedt — crop consultant Dan Gerlach and parts and service manager John Krull gathered recently to chat about drones. They are not only dealers in the technology, they have watched the technology grow — and grow quickly, said Gerlach.

“In just the last four years, we’ve seen it really change,” said Gerlach, referring to the equipment’s growth in coverage area, camera sophistication, and significant help in mapping and scouting farmland.

While most of the uses would have been done by a small airplane some years ago, drones have advantages — both technically and in cost.

Gerlach said the array of uses is what is bringing more drones into the hands of farmers.

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“Those who own drones now can see the value; they’ve also gotten cheaper and easier to use,” said Gerlach.

And the uses are myriad. One important one is maintenance and inspection, Krull said. Farmers with irrigation systems, for instance, may not see a plugged nozzle; from the air, however, where it is easier to see a spray pattern, “you can easily see the problem,” he said.

“Or perhaps a flat tire” on the system, Lagerstedt said.

“If a nozzle stops when the corn is up, you can’t always see the problem right away,” Krull said. “It’s a huge time saver.

You could water half a season with half a spray and that could affect yields on that swath.”

The drone can use an array of filters that can be used to detect a variety of issues, or for their help in mapping.

For instance, tile lines can be mapped, due to a filter that helps detect darker and lighter areas of soil, that provide an image that looks like the lines themselves. Being able to map a tile field, for instance, “is huge,” said Gerlach.

As in the case of old city sewer lines – which often are broken by unsuspecting utility crews due to old or absent mapping — drain tile laid long ago often was not recorded or records were lost. It’s hard to replace tile when you

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Drone technology can generate loads of information available to farmers crop consultants.

Dan Gerlach demonstrates this by going through maps taken through the aerial mapping.

Eric Johnson/photodesk@austindailyherald.com

don’t know where it is. Mapping can see the images created by the wet and dry soil.

Another filter, said Lagerstedt, can help detect plant health — with heat imaging, darker areas show healthier

plants, while the “hotter” areas have less water and less growth.

Other filters often detect misapplications — of manure or nitrogen, for instance.

“From the air, you can see that really

well,” said Gerlach, showing an image to demonstrate the thought. You see from above a field with some obvious damage.

Gerlach said it was enough information for the farmer to realize there was a distribution issue when he spread manure.

Plant disease, infestations and weeds can all be detected with drones, said Lagerstedt.

The best benefit of using drones may be its scouting aspect, said Gerlach — detecting issues before the corn gets too high.

As well, information gathered in one growing season can provide important information that can be used to develop or choose different approaches in the next, said Gerlach.

There are even applications for livestock, said Lagerstedt. Simply finding a lost animal is one; there are drones that can pinpoint the temperature of different parts of one animal – a way to detect illness. Drones also herd animals.

The men all sell drones through their business; an average price ranges between about $700 and $2,900, although you can purchase others below and above — well above — that top price.

“But I would say most that we know are buying in the $2,900 range,” said Gerlach.

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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 2018

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—Continued from Page 3 The Phantom Pro, made by DJI, that he used to demonstrate a drone’s ability does give a newcomer pause — not only does it know when to return to the user when its battery is low — it won’t go so far that it could not return with power — it will also return to the same spot from which it left.

“I could even try to fly this into the side of a barn, even into me, and it won’t do it,” Gerlach said. “It will avoid a collision every time.”

The cameras on today’s drones have high resolution; video can be frozen for still photos, Krull said.

The drone resets its computer with each startup and this one’s particular range was four miles. Getting used to operating one takes — well, no time, said Gerlach.

“When a customer comes in, once they have that controller in their hands and they play with it for awhile, they usually have a big smile on their face.”

And, for a growing number, they usually leave with a drone in tow, too.

“When a customer comes in, once they have that controller in their hands and they play with it for awhile, they usually have a big smile on their face.”

Dan Gerlach

A drone lifts off under the guidance of crop consultant Dan Gerlach behind Farm-Tech/GPS Services of Adams.

Eric Johnson/photodesk@austindailyherald.com

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‘Bringing new spinners to an old technique’ 4-H Cloverbuds learn the versatility of wool

By Michael Stoll

mike.stoll@austindailyherald.com

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B

etty O’Brien of the Twilight Treadlers sat in the middle of the room at the 4-H building at the Mower County Fairgrounds, a spinning wheel in front of her. Sitting on the floor surrounding her were children aged kindergarten through second grade, members of the 4-H Cloverbuds, who were spending the morning of St. Patrick’s Day learning about wool as part of the Cloverbud adventure program, “A Wool Wonderland 4-H Adventure.”

Using foot pedals, O’Brien adjusted the speed of the spinning wheel as she demonstrated various techniques of wool spinning.

The children watched and asked questions as she worked.

It was something O’Brien had done many times before. She is one of several members of the Twilight Treadlers who, as they say, are bringing new spinners to an old technique.

“This is the first time we’ve done this with the 4-H kids,” said Rae Ann Peterson, who works with the Twilight Treadlers to promote and teach

kids about wool. “These ladies with the Twilight Treadlers come and do hands-on teaching with the kids.. We’re out to promote and bring awareness to wool. It’s a natural renewable resource.”

The Cloverbuds also learned about raising sheep, shearing and cleaning wool, and the many uses for wool.

“There is over a mile of wool in a baseball, and it’s three different types of wool,” Peterson said. “There’s a white wool, a gray wool and a wool that is mixed with cotton. They wrap that around a core center.”

Peterson, who raises Corriedale sheep, said the children’s programs started about two years ago.

“My kids started 10 years ago with showing the sheep,” she said. “As we were doing the fleece shows and my kids were doing the lamb lead, it seemed like we had a whole new area.

We’ve had a good response.

(The kids) have learned a lot about what you can do with the wool.”

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— Continued from Page 5 For this event, Peterson brought three orphaned bottle lambs. Volunteering to assist with the program were members of the Van Pelt family: parents Bob and Jodi and 13-year-old son Ryan. The Van Pelts raise sheep on a farm west of Austin.

“The ultimate goal of everything that we’re doing is to teach young kids something that they didn’t know about before,” Bob said. “I think within the lamb industry, the biggest challenge we’ve had is when you say ‘lamb’ to somebody, the first thing that comes to them is that was the mutton they fed to the soldiers back in the Civil War. Since then, lamb has gotten a bad rap. It’s a great product, it’s a healthy product, it’s versatile, whether it’s the meat or the wool and that’s what we’re trying to promote. Lamb is a very versatile animal.”

Ryan Van Pelt is a 4-H ambassador and is in his fourth year of participating in lamb leading competitions at the county and state levels.

“The lamb lead is a show where you take your lamb in and you’ll wear clothing that you made out of wool,” he said. “You’ll take (the lamb) around, show it off, and the judges will ask you about the outfit, like how much wool is in it, and ask about your knowledge of wool. The biggest thing is to promote the wool industry because wool is much more durable than anything else, but people don’t realize how durable it is.”

According to Peterson, there are three primary types of wool.

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4-H Cloverbuds learned about lambs and wool during “A Wool Wonderland 4-H Adventure.” BELOW: Betty O’Brien of the Twilight Treadlers demonstrates a spinning technique. Photos by Michael Stoll/ mike.stoll@austindailyherald.com

Upcoming Wool Workshops • April 29, 1-3 p.m. at the Mower County 4-H Building • Aug. 11, 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. at the Mower County Historical Society • Sept. 22, 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. at the Mower County Historical Society • Oct. 28, 1-3 p.m. at the Mower County 4-H Building • Nov. 18, 1-3 p.m. at the Mower County 4-H Building

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“There is fine, which comes from Merino or Rambouillet sheep, which is primarily used for clothing or any kind of fine wool product,” she said. “There is medium, and that wool can be used for clothing or any other product you want. The spinners like the medium for the elasticity that they can do their spinning with so it’s not just short strands for spinning. Then there’s coarse wool, which comes from the meat breeds, the Suffolk, the Hampshires and the Dorsets.”

The Twilight Treadlers don’t just teach their skills to children. Peterson said they meet once a month at the 4-H building of the Mower County Fairgrounds. It is open to anyone that wants to learn how to spin or gain other wool-related knowledge, such as needle felting and dying, As for the kids, they never knew learning about wool could be fun.

“You can see it in the faces of these kids,” Peterson said. “(The Twilight Treadlers) are so giving and happy to pass on their knowledge. This is just something these ladies are willing to share and it’s been a good venture. It’s exciting and it’s rewarding.”

4-H Cloverbuds learn about the uses of wool.

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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 2018

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Should crop insurance program help preserve family farms?

By Mark Steil MPR News/90.1 FM

A new Land Stewardship Project study says crop insurance needs to change to help preserve what’s left of the nation’s family farm tradition.

The U.S. agriculture department’s own numbers support the notion that large farms are a growing and dominate sector of U.S. food production. A report from last year said while only 3 percent of the nation’s farms gross over a million dollars a year, they account for more than 40 percent of U.S. agricultural production.

Southern Minnesota farmer Randy Krzmarzick with Land Stewardship Project said the crop insurance program plays a role in helping big farms get bigger.

“Crop insurance is a useful and valuable tool,” said Krzmarzick. “There’s a place for government to be involved

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with that. But the money could be just better spent.”

According to the Land Stewardship study, federal costs for the program average about $9 billion a year.

Krzmarzick’s main complaint is that there’s no limit on federal crop insurance subsidies, which can pay as much as 60 percent of a farmer’s insurance costs.

Krzmarzick said that gives big farmers an easy way to grow. Depending on which policy a farmer chooses, crop insurance can protect against either low yields and low profits. Krzmarzick said that means a big farmer can buy or rent more land and use the insurance to almost guarantee a profit on the acres.

“If you are going to continue to expand and take more acres on, it made it less risk, if not completely risk-free, to do that,” said Krzmarzick.

But many farm organizations disagree with that take on the crop

insurance program. The nation’s largest agricultural group, the American Farm Bureau Federation, strongly supports the current crop insurance system. The Farm Bureau said it’s needed more than ever, with most crop prices at break even or lower levels. The group said crop insurance provides a necessary financial safety net for farmers.

But funding for the program could be in question if President Trump has his way.

The administration would like to reduce crop insurance subsidies. Iowa State University assistant economics professor Alejandro Plastina said farm groups don’t like the administration’s plan, and many members of the House and Senate agriculture committees oppose any cuts to the crop insurance program.

“There has been a strong reaction, opposing that proposal,” said Plastina.

“So we’ll have to see what Congress does about it.”

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Still Time to be counted in Census of Agriculture NASS to follow-up with Minnesota producers who have not yet responded Austin Daily Herald

newsroom@austindailyherald.com

Minnesota farmers and ranchers still have time to be counted in the 2017 Census of Agriculture.

Although the first deadline has passed, the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) will continue to accept Census information through the spring to get a complete and accurate assessment of American agriculture.

“Thank you to everyone who has completed their Census to date,” said Minnesota Agriculture Commissioner Dave Frederickson. “If you haven’t already done so, I encourage you to respond before things get busy this spring.”

Minnesota currently has a return rate of 47 percent of the 96,400 Census questionnaires mailed last fall. Every Census report is important.

The results provide a complete account of the agricultural industry, its changes, and emerging trends.

Frederickson says through the Census, Minnesota producers can show the nation

the value and importance of agriculture, and influence the decisions that will shape the future of American agriculture.

“The data are used by all those who serve farmers and rural communities — federal, state and local governments, agribusinesses, trade associations and many others,” said Frederickson.

“At the Minnesota Department of Agriculture we use Census results to develop priorities for new initiatives and existing programs.”

NASS will continue to follow-up with producers through the spring with mailings, phone calls, and personal visits. To avoid these additional contacts, farmers and ranchers are encouraged to complete their Census either online at www. agcounts.usda.gov or by mail as soon as possible.

By filling out the Census online, respondents can save time skipping sections that do not apply and automatically calculating totals. The online questionnaire is accessible on desktops, laptops, and mobile devices.

For more information about the 2017 Census of Agriculture, visit www.agcensus.usda.gov. For questions or assistance filling out the Census, call toll-free (888) 424-7828.

Soybean acres to exceed corn for the first time in 35 years DES MOINES, Iowa — Corn has been dethroned as the king of crops as farmers report they intend to plant more soybeans than corn for the first time in 35 years.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture says in its annual prospective planting report released Thursday that farmers intend to plant 89 million acres (36 million hectares) in soybeans and 88 million acres (35.6 million hectares) in corn.

The primary reason is profitability. Corn costs much more to plant because of required demands for pest and disease control and fertilizer. When the profitability of both crops is close, farmers bet on soybeans for a better return.

The only year that soybean acres beat corn in recent memory was 1983, when the government pushed farmers to plant fewer acres to boost prices in the midst of the nation's worst farm crisis.

Iowa is the top corn producing state, followed by Illinois, Nebraska and Minnesota. Top soybean states are Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota and North Dakota.

—Associated Press

Minnesota Farm Bureau

Growing a Stronger Minnesota Through

• Legislation • Agriculture Education • Ag Promotion • Young Farmer Activities • Farm & Home Safety Education • Members Benefits We exist to serve members because we share the values they hold dear – hard work, love of community, passion for the land and a belief rooted in faith and family.

Join your neighbors and friends in growing your future in Mower County and Minnesota today at www.fbmn.org or by calling (507) 438-5676 or (507) 455-0745.

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Minnesota barn invests in robot technology

By Nora G. Hertel St. Cloud Times via The Associated Press

MELROSE, — Isaak Hinnenkamp wasn’t going to become a farmer.

That’s what he said growing up in Melrose on a legacy dairy farm.

Hinnenkamp, 34, left for college and stayed away for several years.

But he came back to his family’s farm and to an industry plagued by uncertainty. Milk prices are low; changing trade and immigration policies affect farmers.

“A lot of people say, ‘You ain’t going to make it,’” Hinnenkamp told the St. Cloud Times. “That makes me want to prove them wrong.”

To make it work, Hinnenkamp has some high-tech help. Two robotic milkers and three other robots that push food or manure do much of the grunt work in his 140-cow barn. He runs the farm with his mother Donna Jansen and his wife Kathryn Hinnenkamp. Twothousand pigs on a nearby farm and 30 rental units help diversify their income.

His robots cost about $250,000 each and will take eight years to pay for themselves, Hinnenkamp said.

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“The more expensive labor is, the more appealing robots look. Labor is really hard to find and about half the labor on a larger dairy is milking cows..”

Jim Salfer University of Minnesota Extension Dairy Program Every investment requires calculation and review of costs and benefits.

“No matter what I’m doing, I’m going to pencil it out,” Hinnenkamp said. “In farming, if you’re not going to run a pencil, you’re not going to make it.”

Math was his favorite subject growing up. The farm is a mile north of the Melrose schools where Hinnenkamp played basketball and football in high school. He spent a year at St. Cloud State University and played football there.

He transferred to Alexandria Technical and Community College where he studied manufacturing engineering technology and fluid power technology. That knowledge comes in handy as he works with robots daily.

The barn is a quiet place. The cows have water beds — water-filled mats in open stalls — they can use when they want to lay down. They have food available along one side of the pen. They get something like a candy (a corn pellet) when they’re milked, Hinnenkamp said.

And they line up to be milked by the robots when they want to.

“If we can make a cow’s life boring and comfortable, we generally end up with a more productive cow,” said David Tomsche, a veterinarian and owner of Leedstone, the Melrose-based supplier of Hinnenkamp’s robots.

About 2 percent of cows in the country are milked by robots and that number is rising, he said.

“One by one, people are giving serious

thought to box robot barns,” Tomsche said. The other robotic system available is a carousel parlor, where the cows are gathered up and put in stalls arranged in a circle that rotates.

Some farmers are sticking with their tie-stall barns, in which they hook up their cows by hand to an automatic milker in the stall.

About half of Minnesota’s roughly 3,200 dairy farms keep tie-stall barns, said Jim Salfer, regional educator for the University of Minnesota Extension Dairy Program. That places Hinnenkamp on the front lines of change in Stearns County and the state.

“The more expensive labor is, the more appealing robots look,” Salfer said. “Labor is really hard to find and about half the labor on a larger dairy is milking the cows.”

Hinnenkamp used to spend nine hours a day milking 120 cows.

His father lobbied for the robotic system, because they needed to replace the barn anyway. Hinnenkamp’s father died unexpectedly doing fieldwork in 2016, a couple years after the family launched the system with box robots.

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That first three weeks in the barn with the robots were tough, Hinnenkamp said, because the cows weren’t used to the system and the reward they got for milking.

“The first time you have to push them in,” he said.

“The first week you have to live out here.”

Early in his presidency, President Donald Trump put a target on North American Free Trade Agreement with Mexico and Canada. Now there’s talk of renegotiating NAFTA. Those in the dairy industry do not want to lose Mexico and Canada as markets for their milk.

“We need to be able to get rid of our commodities beyond the United States,” Hinnenkamp said. “We produce too much.”

His cows produce about 3,000 gallons every two days. He sells it to Land O’Lakes.

Hinnenkamp has given up hope that the U.S. Farm Bill will help him. Some of the farmers who paid into to a public insurance program didn’t reap any protection from it, he said.

Congress recently put some fixes in place for that Margin Protection Program for Dairy Farmers earlier this year, dropping premiums, waiving a fee and tweaking other details.

Dairy farmers also keep an eye on federal immigration policy. Immigrants provide labor on bigger midwestern dairy farms, but strong talk and new policies have curtailed illegal immigration from Mexico.

There are other challenges with farm labor — a shortage of workers across industries. And milking must be done in the morning and evening, requiring

split shifts or part-time workers.

“It’s a revolving door, trying to keep farm help,” Hinnenkamp said. “It’s dirty work and a lot of times you don’t get paid very well.”

He came back to the farm, in part because he wanted to be his own boss. It’s a good place to raise a family too, he said. He has a daughter who’s just over one, and his wife is due with another child in several weeks.

“I had to get up and work before school, so will they,” Hinnenkamp said.

Automation means an end to long daily hours in the barn, but running a herd is still a 24/7 job.

Hinnenkamp gets an alert on his phone if the milk isn’t cooling, or if there’s a series of failed milkings.

When cow No. 524 stepped up to the box for one of about three daily milkings last week, she weighed 1250 pounds. The robot scanned her udder and sprayed disinfectant before hooking her up for milking. When she finished, the machine disconnected, applied something to block bacteria and released her to the barn.

The data that robots collect can be used to tell if a cow is sick before it even shows symptoms, Salfer said. The future for dairy farmers likely holds more of that computing and data collection.

Hinnenkamp gets a reading on the cow’s temperature, her weight and milk volume for each milking and the computer analyzes the data for him.

He knows by temperature when a cow is ready to be bred.

“I know more about them than I know about myself,” Hinnenkamp said.

Agricultural Utilization Research Institute SAINT PAUL — Adding to the outstanding networking opportunities and the chance to work together toward a common goal of encouraging new ag growth and innovation in the Upper Midwest, the second AURI New Uses Ag Innovation Forum will present a great offering of seminars and speakers.

The event will be held April 11 and 12 at the Minneapolis West Crowne Plaza Hotel in suburban Plymouth.

A partial listing of seminar topics and confirmed panelists: Biobased Innovations • Dr. Marc Hillmyer; director, Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota • Dr. Chad Ulven; C2Renew and North Dakota State University Innovations in Coproducts • Ben Boo and Eric Sannerud; founders, Mighty Axe Hops • Brian Asmus and Adam Asmus; founders, Asmus Egg Farms Entrepreneurial Innovation • Adam Wagner; co-founder, Vertical Malt • Dr. Goutham Vemuri; chief technologist, Sasya, LLC • Dave Goebel; enVerde, LLC • Dave Roeser, Garden Fresh/MN Pharm At the Nexus of Food and Health • Dr. Liz Klodas; chief medical officer and founder, Step One Foods • Polly Olson; VP business development, Agropur, Inc. • John Garry; CEO, Dev. Corp. of Austin, Austin Innovation Story —Austin Daily Herald

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MDC releases year-end report on ethanol-blended fuel sales Report shows that 2017 was a good year for E15 Austin Daily Herald

newsroom@austindailyherald.com

The Minnesota Department of Commerce released its year-end station report outlining ethanolblended fuel sales for 2017. The numbers detail the building momentum behind ethanol-blended fuels in Minnesota.

First, 2017 was a banner year for E15, which totaled more than 19 million gallons in sales, compared to 5.7 million gallons sold in 2016, and it is more than a 230-percent increase year-over-year.

More than 4.6 million gallons were sold in December 2017 alone.

E15’s recent fast-paced growth can be attributed to the rise of ethanol infrastructure in Minnesota. In 2015, Minnesota was selected to receive funding as part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership to help retailers install pumps that offer ethanol blends. Supplemented by a variety of Minnesota partners, including the Minnesota Corn Growers Association, more than $14 million was invested in E15 infrastructure. The result: E15 locations grew from 14 in 2014 to more than 250 at the end of 2017.

E85 sales also grew in 2017. The Minnesota Department of Revenue

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reported more than 14.8 million gallons of E85 were sold in 2017 — a nearly 18-percent increase compared to the prior year.

Last year was the highest volume of E85 sold since the Department of Revenue started tracking sales in 2013.

“The work to grow ethanol infrastructure and raise awareness of the many benefits of ethanol-blended fuels has ignited momentum for sales at all blend levels,” said Mitch Coulter, commodity and biofuels director with MCGA. “We will continue efforts to make the lower-priced, highoctane option at the pump even more accessible.”

MCGA works with the Minnesota Department of Agriculture, Minnesota Biofuels Association, Prime the Pump, ethanol producers and the American Lung Association to expand ethanol infrastructure and market the clean air benefits of ethanol-blended fuels.

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