SOCIAL DEBATES.
NATURE-SOCIETY RELATIONSHIPS, MEDIATED BY WORK, AS WELL AS OF
WITHIN
SUSTAINABILITY
ENCOMPASSES
HUMAN
THE OR
RIGHTS,
SOCIETY.
IT
SUSTAINABLE LABOUR
IS
ONE
ASPECT
DEVELOPMENT.
RIGHTS,
AND
IS
LARGELY
NEGLECTED IN MAINSTREAM SUSTAINABILITY
SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY IS A QUALITY OF SOCIETIES. IT SIGNIFIES THE RELATIONSHIPS
SUSTAINABILITY
IT
PRIORITY
ECONOMIC
AND
SUSTAINABILITY
IN
CONTEXT
CORPORATE
OF
COMMUNITIES,
GOVERNANCE.
HAS
BEEN
GIVEN
TO
ENVIRONMENTAL PARTICULAR
PLANNING, WHERE
IN
THE
HOUSING
AND
POLICY
AND
INVESTMENT HAS FOCUSED ON RENEWABLE
RESOURCES, LOW CARBON COMMUNITIES AND ENCOURAGING BEHAVIOUR ILLUSTRATION OF DESIGN FOR SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK The strategies for implementing each of the four elements in the design of new communities to assist those communities to become socially sustainable. The ‘strategies’ or ‘building blocks’ are grouped under three common headings: • BUILT ENVIRONMENT & PUBLIC SPACE • SOCIAL ARCHITECTURE & SUPPORTS • SOCIAL PRACTICES The strategies listed within ‘Built environment and public space’ are of most relevance to architects. BUILT ENVIRONMENT & PUBLIC SPACE
SOCIAL ARCHITECTURE & SUPPORTS
SOCIAL PRACTICES
PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL
IN HOUSEHOLDS. AS A RESULT,
THERE ARE FEW PRACTICAL RESOURCES THAT DIRECTLY ADDRESS THE QUESTION OF HOW TO
CREATE
SUSTAINABLE,
PLACES AS
THAT WELL
ARE
SOCIALLY
AS
PHYSICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE THAT IS ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE.
GRIHA CRITERIA 24 CREDIT : 1 POINT
Labour Safety and Sanitation GRIHA CRITERIA 25 CREDIT : 2 POINT
Design for Universal Accessibility GRIHA CRITERIA 26 CREDIT : 1 POINT
Dedicated facilities for service staff INCLUSIVE PLANNING An inclusive design process can contribute to social sustainability by bringing people together, creating social links and networks within a community, and by empowering people though engagement in the decision making about their communal spaces. An inclusive design process is one that openly and genuinely engages with design options to consider possible visions for the future. It incorporates a broad range of views and needs and advocates for them. It requires an equitable engagement with a diversity of customs, age groups, backgrounds and ideas, all of which can challenge a traditional design process.
GRIHA CRITERIA 27 CREDIT : 1 POINT
Increase in environmental awareness
GRIHA CRITERIA 24: LABOUR SAFETY AND SANITATION • • • • •
Labour should wear helmets and masks Proper signage and barricades should be provided during construction Highlighting jackets should be provided Fire extinguishers must be provided at site Scaffolding should be proper
EYES ON THE STREET
GRIHA CRITERIA 25: DESIGN FOR UNIVERSAL ACCESSIBILITY •
OPEN GREEN SPACES
Provision of ramps, handicapped toilets in public areas and lift should be there on site to provide convince to physically challenged
GRIHA CRITERIA 26: DEDICATED FACILITIES FOR SERVICE STAFF •
Adequate housing for labour class will be provided on site during construction period.
PEOPLE-FRIENDLY LAYOUTS LIKE CAR FREE AREAS, SPEED REDUCTIONS, EYES ON THE STREET, WELL-LIT AREAS DISTINCTIVE ARCHITECTURE/LANDSCAPING TO REINFORCE/CREATE SENSE OF LOCAL IDENTITY PUBLIC AND CONGREGATIONAL SPACES E.G. OPEN SPACES, PARKS, WIDE PAVEMENTS, BENCHES, REFUSE AREAS GIVEN ON ALTERNATE FLOORS IN MULTI DWELLING UNITS. THIRD SPACES (E.G. CAFES, PUBS, SHOPS), PLAYGROUNDS AND PLAY SPACES CONNECTIONS TO NEIGHBOURING COMMUNITIES TO AVOID ISOLATION E.G. PATHWAYS AND SHARED PUBLIC SPACES FLEXIBLE WORKING SPACES TO ENCOURAGE HOME WORKING, LOCAL ENTERPRISE (E.G. SPACES IN A COMMUNITY CENTRE OR CAFÉ).
•
Sanitary facilities should be provided.
•
First-aid and emergency facilities will also be taken care.
•
Fresh drinking water facilities
•
Day care/ crèche facility for workers’ children
GRIHA CRITERIA 27: INCREASE IN ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS
CRITERIA-18 (CREDIT:2) RAINWATER RECHARGE
Water Efficiency in Design CRITERIA-14 (CREDIT:4) USE OF LOW- FLOW FIXTURES AND SYSTEMS
Cooking
4
4
3
3
0
0
1 litre RO water from 1.5 litres water
6
1 litre RO water from 3 litres water
1 litre RO water from 1.5 litres water
6
Nil
Nil
Utensil Cleaning
20
5
15
12-18 litres/ min 6-8 liters /min
9
50
Clothes Cleaning
24
5
19
50 liters/wash 30 litres/wash
14
66
Bathing water
20
5
15
10-18 litres/ min 6-8 liters/min
15.5
39
11
50
76
56
Flushing water
40
10
30
10-13 litres per 3/6 litres per flush flush
Gardening
22
5
17
Conventitional Drip Irrigation Method
Grand Total in LPD
135
37
85
10
Fresh Water Demand (47.5 LPD)
Drinking
1 litre RO water from 3 litres water
Total Population: 8500 ppl Source:http://delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_planning/Planning/Economic+Survey+of+Dehli/Content/Water+Supply+and+Sanitation
1
CATCHMENT AREAS
2
GUTTER AND DOWNSPOUTS
3
LEAF SCREEN AND ROOF WASHERS
4
CONVEYING SYSTEM
5
WATER TREATMENT
6
STORAGE TANK
* Total amount of rainwater harvested = (Area x Surface Coefficient x total rainfall) - 15 % evaporation losses
Sr. No Catchment
Area in sqm
The Rain water collected is gone through treatment and supplied to purifier for cleaning and can also supplied for cleaning purposes directly.
Total Total Surface rainfall Evaporation rainwater coefficient in the losses (15%) harvested in region cubic meter
1
Terrace
34042.71
0.95
0.79
3832.35
21716.69
2
Paved area
3692.13
0.75
0.79
328.13
1859.448
3
Lawn area
36921.39
0.35
0.79
1531.31
8677.44
57
Reused Water (26.5 LPD)
Usage Type
Conventional Domestic water Domestic Total Domestic water available as per water Reducing Water Consumption Consumption of % Savings consumption (150- M.C. D. supply required From Through Low Flow Fixtures Water in Efficient 200 LPD) (37 LPD) Tube Well system
RAIN WATER COLLECTION SYSTEM CONSISTS OF FOLLOWING COMPONENTS
As per norms the per capita demand is 135 litres Total water required: 8500x 135 = 1147.5 KLD
Hence, total possibility of rainwater harvested annually is
32253.578
DAILY WATER COLLECTION FOR TANK SIZING
1 2 3 4 5
Heaviest rainfall within 24 hrs. Site area Ground/ Terrace coverage area Paved area Lawn area
0.266 101252.19 34042.71 3692.13 36921.39
m/day sqm sqm sqm sqm
NOTE:- Mean DAILY max. rainfall in the region = Highest mean monthly rainfall in the year / nos. of rainy days in that month. * Total amount of rainwater harvested = (Area x Surface Coefficient x total rainfall) - 15 % evaporation losses Total rainfall in the region
Evaporation losses (15%)
Total rainwater harvested in cubic meter
Sr. No
Catchment
Area in sqm
Surface coefficient
1
Terrace
34042.71
0.95
0.266
1290.38
7312.20
2
Paved area
3692.13
0.75
0.266
110.48
626.09
3
Lawn area
36921.39
0.5
0.266
736.58
4173.96
Total saving per day = 504.9 KLD @ 76 LPD
CRITERIA-17 (CREDIT:5) ON SITE WATER REUSE
Hence available rainwater DAILY maximum is Tank should be able to hold atleast = 12000 Cu.M. of water
Treated Rain water (9690 KLD)
12112.25
Hence considering 4 no of tanks, of 3000 cum capacity RAINWATER HARVESTING CALCULATIONS
Rainfall data for Delhi Jan July Precipitation (mm) Mean Monthly Rainfall (mm) Mean Annual Rainfall (mm) Heaviest within 24hrs (mm)
20% Loss
10% Loss
Rain water harvesting reduces fresh water demand by 100 % in peak rain months.
19
August
November
245
6.5
184
93.4
217 790
116.8
266.2
Rain water can be collected and used to recharge ground water resource
1 2 3 4 5
ANNUAL WATER AVAILABILITY FOR RECHARGE Mean ANNUAL rain fall in the region 0.79 m/year Site area 101252.19 sqm Ground/ Terrace coverage area 34042.71 sqm Paved area 3692.13 sqm Lawn area 36921.39 sqm
CRITERIA-15 (CREDIT:2) TREAT ORGANIC WASTE ON SITE
WASTE MANAGEMENT & UTILIZATION CRITERIA-22 (CREDIT:4) AVOIDED POST-CONSTRUCTION LANDFILL Kalyanvas includes housing towers, primary school, senior secondary school, small market space, community centre, dispensary. So, it is
TOTAL ORGANIC WASTE / DAY = 10 TONNE/DAY STEP 1 Proposed Plant: 1 plants of 10 ton
multi oriented development . So, all types of waste is generated in site i.e. organic , recyclable as well as inert which needs proper management to avoid landfill. To manage the waste the quantities are required to be calculated:TOTAL NO. OF HOUSING UNITS = 1629 NOS. TOTAL RESIDENTS : 1629 x 5 + 5% service staff = 8145 + 408 = 8553 ` 8500 ppl REMAINING POPULATION IS FLOATING I.E. TAKEN AS 30 % OF PERMANENT POPULATION : 30% of 8500 = 2550 ppl So, the population of site : 8500 + 2550 = 11050 ppl
ORGANIC WASTE GENERATION IN ALL SITE Site Landscape waste
Units
0.25
kg/sq. M/day
101252.19
sq. M
Landscape area
33228
sq m
Landscape Waste generated/day
8307
kg/day
Total site area
Food waste
0.2
kg/person/day
11050 People
People
Total Food waste on site / day
2210
kg/day
Total Organic Waste/day
8307+2210 = 10517 ~ 10000 Kg/Day
Monthly Organic Waste
10000 x 30 = 300000 Kg
Total Population in site
STEP 2
Estimated Cost: 1 crore Installation Cost: 70 Lakh O&M Charges: 6 Lakh/annum Manpower : 20 unskilled labour Power Supply: 3 Phase AC Water Supply : 1.2 kL/ton i.e. 12 kL (Treated Kitchen waste water) Manure Produced : 2.5 Tonnes/day Methane Production: 1200 Cu.m. i.e. 1600 KWh Electricity 1cu.m. Methane = 2 kWh Electricity Production/Month: 1600x30 = 48000 KWh Tariff = Rs. 7.30 /KWh Total saving /month = 48000 x 7.30 = 3.5 lakh Payback period = 1 crore / 42 lakh = 2.3 years
STEP 3
Provision of multi-coloured dustbins/different garbage chutes to building occupants to ensure segregation of waste at source : •
These bins should be in different colours to facilitate the disposal.
•
3 coloured dustbins to be installed in kitchen and 1 dustbin each is toilet for vanity
•
Garbage chute with 3 bins
•
To Prevent waste being disposed in landfills and to facilitate reduction of waste generated, we have proposed waste treatment system on the site of Sector 1A for handling at least 95% of the organic and landscape waste generated in the building.
•
Complete organic waste of the site is daily collected and processed to generate manure or biogas that will be utilized efficiently in site only. For example: Generation of electricity or Bio gas as kitchen fuel
SITE FOR BIO- GAS PLANT TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FOR STREET LIGHTS OF THE SITE
SOLAR PANEL CALCULATION Arka Series WS-40 to WS-95 TYPE: 36 cell Mono/Polycrystalline solar PV module KEY FEATURES • Superior Module Efficiency as per International Benchmarks • Positive Power Tolerance Solar cells made of monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si), also called single-crystalline silicon (single-crystal-Si), are quite easily recognizable by an external even coloring and uniform look, indicating high-purity silicon
Advantages • • highest efficiency rates • made out of the highest-grade silicon. • • efficiency rates of 10-14%. • • space-efficient. • highest power outputs, they also require the least amount of spaces.
four times the amount of electricity as thin-film solar panels. live the longest. manufacturers put a 25-year warranty on their monocrystalline solar panels.
Report SOURCE :PVSYST ver5
ELECTRICAL DATA
SOLAR PANEL SPECIFICATION
MECHANICAL DATA
SOLAR PANEL COST
CERTIFICATION
Source-http://www.waaree.com/arka-series OTHER CHARACTERISTICS
EMBODIED ENERGY (carbon) of a building material can be taken as the total primary energy consumed (carbon released) over its life cycle. This would normally includ extraction, manufacturing and Transportation ‘Cradle-to-Gate’ : From Material extraction to Manufacturing gate. ‘Cradle-to-Site’ : From Material extraction to Building site. ‘Cradle-to-Grave’ : From Material extraction to End-of-life.
High thermal mass of Mud Bricks considerably reduces heat transfer. Embodied energy can be reduced by 37 % when local material is used for building construction it can be observed that less Embodied energy is required when energy intensive materials like Cement, Steel , Glass is replaced by local alternative material.
RE-USE AND RECYCLING Some materials such as bricks and roof tiles suffer damage losses in re-use. Re-use of building materials commonly saves about 95 per cent of embodied energy that would otherwise be wasted. • Savings from recycling of materials for reprocessing varies considerably with savings up to 95 per cent for aluminium but only 20 per cent for glass. • Some reprocessing may use more energy, particularly if long transport distances are involved. Materials with the lowest embodied energy intensities, such as concrete, bricks and timber, are usually consumed in large quantities. Materials with high energy content such as stainless steel are often used in much smaller amounts. As a result, the greatest amount of embodied energy in a building can be either from low embodied energy materials such as concrete, or high embodied energy materials such as steel.
Energy in transportation of building materials
For calculation of Embodied Energy this formula is used Embodied Energy of Material (MJ) = Weight of Material in kg X Value of Embodied Energy in MJ/kg Concrete blocks AAC Single Skin AAC Block Wall Steel Frame, Compressed Fibre Cement Clad Wall Kota (MJ SQM)
1.5 3.6 440 385 79.8
TOWER NO. 2, 7
Conditioned and Unconditioned Spaces
ECBC CASE Criteria for Roof and Wall in Composite Climate (Table 4.4 & 4.5 of ECBC) Roof [ U-value 0.409 2 (W/m K)] Wall [ U-value 0.440 2 (W/m K)] Criteria for Glazing in Composite Climate (Table 4.7 of ECBC) SHGC 0.25 2 U-value (W/m K) 3.3 Visual Light 0.40 Transmittance Lighting Power Density (Table 7.2 of ECBC) Lecture/Classroom 1.40 W/ft2 Corridor 0.50 W/ft2 Office 1.09 W/ft2 Restroom 0.90 W/ft2 Lobby 0.60 W/ft2 Store 0.29 W/ft2 Dining Room 1.40 W/ft2 Mechanical Room 1.49 W/ft2 Occupancy and Equipment power density Occupancy In standard case occupancy is taken same as actual case, occupancy observed in actual case is 64 ft2/person. EPD In standard case EPD is taken same as actual case (ECBC user guide Table 10.1) HVAC System (Table 10.2 of ECBC) Non-Residential Chilled Water Plant Building which has conditioned area 7500 to 15000 m2 COP 5.75 (Table 5.1 of ECBC)
TRADITIONAL CASE
CUSTOM CASE
Building Envelope Construction
Building Envelope Construction
Roof Construction
Roof Construction
Floor Construction
Wall Construction
Exterior Windows
Exterior Windows
HVAC System Installed in the Tower
3D Model in eQUEST
TOWER NO. 2, 7
TRADITIONAL CASE
ECBC CASE
CUSTOM CASE
TOWER NO. 4, 8
Conditioned and Unconditioned Spaces
ECBC CASE Criteria for Roof and Wall in Composite Climate (Table 4.4 & 4.5 of ECBC) Roof [ U-value 0.409 2 (W/m K)] Wall [ U-value 0.440 2 (W/m K)] Criteria for Glazing in Composite Climate (Table 4.7 of ECBC) SHGC 0.25 2 U-value (W/m K) 3.3 Visual Light 0.40 Transmittance Lighting Power Density (Table 7.2 of ECBC) Lecture/Classroom 1.40 W/ft2 Corridor 0.50 W/ft2 Office 1.09 W/ft2 Restroom 0.90 W/ft2 Lobby 0.60 W/ft2 Store 0.29 W/ft2 Dining Room 1.40 W/ft2 Mechanical Room 1.49 W/ft2 Occupancy and Equipment power density Occupancy In standard case occupancy is taken same as actual case, occupancy observed in actual case is 64 ft2/person. EPD In standard case EPD is taken same as actual case (ECBC user guide Table 10.1) HVAC System (Table 10.2 of ECBC) Non-Residential Chilled Water Plant Building which has conditioned area 7500 to 15000 m2 COP 5.75 (Table 5.1 of ECBC)
TRADITIONAL CASE
CUSTOM CASE
Building Envelope Construction
Building Envelope Construction
Roof Construction
Roof Construction
Floor Construction
Wall Construction
Exterior Windows
Exterior Windows
HVAC System Installed in the Tower
3D Model in eQUEST
TOWER NO. 4, 8
TRADITIONAL CASE
ECBC CASE
CUSTOM CASE
TOWER NO. 11, 12
Conditioned and Unconditioned Spaces
ECBC CASE Criteria for Roof and Wall in Composite Climate (Table 4.4 & 4.5 of ECBC) Roof [ U-value 0.409 2 (W/m K)] Wall [ U-value 0.440 2 (W/m K)] Criteria for Glazing in Composite Climate (Table 4.7 of ECBC) SHGC 0.25 2 U-value (W/m K) 3.3 Visual Light 0.40 Transmittance Lighting Power Density (Table 7.2 of ECBC) Lecture/Classroom 1.40 W/ft2 Corridor 0.50 W/ft2 Office 1.09 W/ft2 Restroom 0.90 W/ft2 Lobby 0.60 W/ft2 Store 0.29 W/ft2 Dining Room 1.40 W/ft2 Mechanical Room 1.49 W/ft2 Occupancy and Equipment power density Occupancy In standard case occupancy is taken same as actual case, occupancy observed in actual case is 64 ft2/person. EPD In standard case EPD is taken same as actual case (ECBC user guide Table 10.1) HVAC System (Table 10.2 of ECBC) Non-Residential Chilled Water Plant Building which has conditioned area 7500 to 15000 m2 COP 5.75 (Table 5.1 of ECBC)
TRADITIONAL CASE
CUSTOM CASE
Building Envelope Construction
Building Envelope Construction
Roof Construction
Roof Construction
Floor Construction
Wall Construction
Exterior Windows
Exterior Windows
HVAC System Installed in the Tower
3D Model in eQUEST