The future of King Jack Park:
SEEDS FOR WEBB CITY VISIONING THE NEXT 30 YEARS
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Chapter 1
I NTRODU C T I O N
In 2012, Webb City, Missouri teamed up with the Environmental Protection Agency for a $19 million project to clean up an old mine shaft known as Sucker Flats. The 100 foot deep vertical mine was located within the municipal area known as King Jack Park, off of Highway 171. The project is scheduled to take about two years, reclaiming seven acres from the pit as top soil is used to cap the mine. Another surrounding 16 acres will be cleaned up upon completion, and a nearby lake within King Jack Park was made bigger. In 2013, the Drury University Center for Community Studies (CCS) was approached by members of Webb City and the Parks and Recreation Office in the hopes of preparing a vision for King Jack Park once Sucker Flats mine has been filled. The commission sought to re-imagine the north 23 acres of King Jack Park, promoting accessibility, beautification, and city identity. The CCS team was charged with the task of collaborating in order to assist the community in developing a long range vision for the physical renewal of King Jack Park and ideas for the revitalization of the city as a whole. Working together, a vision was set with these goals in mind: to create a park that is socially, economically, and environmentally conscious, to help unify and connect the people of Webb City, to honor the memories and history of the city's people, and to establish an image and entrance to Webb City. This book is a collection of concerns, detailed research, and recommendations for Webb City as prepared by the CCS team and community members. It is presented in order to assist the people of Webb City in developing healthy and sustainable lifestyles, environments, and economies over the course of the next 30 years. This proposal may be adapted, changed, or implemented throughout the future of Webb City and King Jack Park.
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ACK N OWLE DGME NTS
Webb City COMMUNITY MEMBERS: We would like to thank the citizens Webb City for their support throughout the visioning process. Your contributions to the vision for the future of King Jack Park has helped to guide and refine the proposal herein. Once again, thank you for your support of this collaborative design process. CITY OFFICIALS Mayor: John Bigs Parks Director: Tom Reeder PARK VISIONING ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEMBERS Don McGowan Eileen Nichols Tom Hamsher Erin Baker DRURY UNIVERSITY Project Facilitator/Administrator: Jay G. Garrott, Professor and Director Center for Community Studies (CCS) Hammons School of Architecture Community Studio Team: Eric Baldwin Trae Johnson Miranda Middleton Alan Macejewski UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-EXTENSION Jeff Barber, LEED AP, Architect State Housing & Environmental Design Specialist. WEBB CITY PARKS & RECREATION DEPARTMENT
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SP E C I A L T H A N KS
For his
Mr. John Biggs Mayor support and encouragement to “think outside the box” throughout the King Jack and Webb City visioning process
Mr. Tom Reeder Director, Webb City Parks and Recreations For his leadership and support throughout the visioning process. Ms. Erin Braker Economic Development Officer For her knowledge of the Webb City community and its school system. Ms. Eileen Nichols Director, Webb City Farmer’s Market For her detailed advice for and review of the Farmers’ Market. Mr. Terry Whaley Executive Director, Ozarks Greenways For his invaluable information regarding green-way systems and parks.
Danny and Cheryl Correll First Impressions Printing For printing the books for the community and the CCS Team. Dr. Saundra Weddle. Professor of Architecture Mr. Bruce Moore, Professor of Architecture Ms. Jayon You, Assistant Professor of Architecture Mr. Yong Huang, Visiting Assistant Professor For their personal guidance and insightful critique of the process and design
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Table of
CONTENTS
INT R OD U CT ION EX ECU T IVE S U M M A R Y R ES EA R CH & A NA LYS IS C OM M U NIT Y M EET ING S COM P R EH ENS IVE VIS ION
P A R K COM P ONENT S
A P P END IX
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EXECUTI VE SUMMARY
VISIONING FOR KING JACK PARK
MISS IO N STATE ME NT MISSION STATEMENT: Each city has an essence, a spirit seen in the eyes of its people, heard in the roar of its cheer, and felt in the character of its streets. Webb City has a spirit entirely its own, and King Jack Park is at its heart. However, both the city and this park are part of a region that will face serious challenges in the years to come. The park itself will need to reflect the character, history, and values of its community, function as the town's entrance, and be designed in anticipation of upcoming trends that will take place within the next 15-30 years. In the process of major growth, the region must consider the possible reaccess and relocation of activities, rigorously promote healthy living, and incorporate the involvement of a regionally-recognized farmers market. All of this must be done while promoting interaction between individuals of diverse ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds and fostering interconnectivity of the locality and community as a whole. Webb City is ready to plant seeds for its future, so that someday, someone, may sit in the shade.
Formal Mission Statement: Interconnected and unified, King Jack Park will become the image and entrance to Webb City, as well as the pivotal point that honors and captures memories, history, and its people.
Considerations include:
Interconnectivity Growth Healthy lifestyle promotion Possible relocation of activities Central location of King Jack Park Uniting community
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INTRODUCTION
E X E C U TI V E SU M M A R Y OVERVIEW:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Mission Statement Executive Summary RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Over the course of many meetings held with the citizens of Webb City, the Drury Center of Community Studies (CCS) has been presented a number of concerns, thoughts, and ideas regarding the future of Webb City and King Jack Park. The members of the CCS team, with the guidance and support of the Webb City Visionary Committee and the project facilitators, have developed the Executive Summary as an analysis of the communities concerns. Looking from a local to regional scale, the analysis was considered within the framework of future development of the visionary project in the next 30 years. It is a beginning, a starting off point upon which strategies and recommendations for addressing concerns are presented. The following pages help to layout reasons as to how and why this visionary scheme can promote healthy lifestyles, encourage socialization and communication, support economic growth, and create both sustainable environments and ways of living. The Executive Summary is divided into different sections, each with issues brought to the attention of the CCS team through various site visits, community meetings, thorough research, or talks with various specialists. The Summary is written as a general understanding of topics covered in detail in later parts of the book. Each section has been selected for having specific relevance to Webb City and its unique identity within southwest Missouri.
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REG IO N AL CONSI DE RATI ONS MAIN POINTS •
Proximity to many cities in the region, including the following •
Joplin
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Carterville
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Carthage
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Carl Junction
Webb City is located within a region that is noticing major growth. With close proximity to the cities of Joplin, Carthage, Carterville, and Carl Junction, the planning on the city in the next 30 years should take into consideration the expansion and interconnectivity of these surrounding towns. The Joplin regional airport is located right outside the city limits of Webb City, and it is a city in the process of renewal, sharing the facilities of Webb City as it experiences its own growth.
Fig 1.0: The figure to the right shows Downtown Joplin Missouri looking north, Fig 1.1: The picture below is of Downstream Casino Resort, owned and operated by the Quapaw people.
QU A P A W & D OWNS T R EA M CA S INO The Quapaw people are a tribe of Native Americans who resided on the west side of the Mississippi River in what is now the state of Arkansas. The territory and state was named for them, as Europeans first learned their name as the Arkansas, the term used by the Algonquianspeaking Illinois people. The Quapaw are federally recognized as the Quapaw Tribe of Indians. Since removal in 1834, their tribal base has been in present-day Oklahoma. They have two casinos, the Quapaw Casino and the Downstream Casino Resort, both located in Quapaw; these generate most of the revenue for the tribe. Downstream Casino Resort provides a Las Vegasstyle entertainment experience for everyone. The venue offers new ways to play influenced by the rich history of Native American culture.
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Webb City can consider the draw that the casino has and the type of events and audience that it serves. When planning future growth and development, the consideration of whether or not to compete or disregard the casino can be made.
INTRODUCTION
IN FRAST RU C T U RE MAIN POINTS •
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• • • •
Variety of infrastructure are already in place Highway 171, known as MacArthur Blvd in Webb City Interstate 44 Highway 249 Joplin Regional Airport Rail Lines connecting to Joplin and across the state
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Mission Statement Executive Summary RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
There are a variety of infrastructure types in place in around Webb City, from rail lines, major highways, and the Joplin Regional Airport. The major highway that divides Webb City East-West is Highway 171 or MacArthur Boulevard. The major highways that connect to Highway 171 and around Webb City include Interstate 249 and 44, which help connect the city to other parts of Missouri and to other major cities like Joplin. In the next 30 years, infrastructure needs will have to meet growth demands as population levels continue to rise, both in Webb City itself and around the city.
WE BB CI TY ROUTE 66 & S T R EET S There are three major streets in Webb City that handle most of the circulation, commercial use, and town traditions. These three streets are known as Main Street, which goes through historic downtown Webb City, Madison Street which is the new major commercial and business street in town, and MacArthur boulevard, which is the major eastwest connecting way through town.
Fig 1.2: The top right image is of the Joplin Regional Airport Fig 1.3: The above image is Webb City, MO, North Main Street, Looking South Fig 1.4: The bottom image depicts 66 Theater, on Main Street, in Webb City, Missouri
There are different aspects of each of these three streets that make them unique and valuable in their own way. Main Street will likely see a revival over the course of the next 30 years as downtown reinvestment continues and new businesses are brought to this area of town. Also, the promotion of green lifestyles and smart planning can help improve the walk-ability and attraction of this historic road. Historic Route 66 also runs through Webb City and across Main Street, a major aspect of the town's history and its cultural past. Madison is currently being developed into many chain retail stores and locations, like Walmart and various chain restaurants. Over the course of this street's future, different zoning and practices may start to encourage business owners and citizens to move their enterprises and centers of shopping to another part of town or change the surrounding conditions of the street itself. MacArthur Boulevard is in the process of being rezoned along its sides from Main Street to Madison. This rezoning is a major opportunity to change the course of the road's significance and use in the years to come as more and more traffic passes through the area.
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C IT YW ID E CONCE RNS MAIN POINTS •
Youth Retention Rates
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Lack of Sustainable Practices and Lifestyles
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Health and well-being of youth and the citizens of Webb City
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A major concern was listed as the crossing of 171. Parents do not feel safe allowing their kids to cross the road in its current state.
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King Jack Park can begin to address the concerns of the community in terms of connection, retention, and especially the promotion of healthy and sustainable practices.
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Future development must consider citywide concerns
There are a number of citywide concerns that were brought to the attention of the CCS team over the course of the project. Ranging from a concern for the lack of youth retention rates, to the concern for the lack of sustainable practices was raised. Looking to the future, Webb City and its citizens can begin to work with youth retention by supporting both education and programs that attract youth and make younger generations want to invest in the city and its future. Some of these processes are already in place, including tax reductions for new businesses and the support of youth recreational programs. Also, a new college building is being built in town, allowing students to begin to engage with higher education at a younger age. Lack of sustainable practices is a major issue that can begin to reform Webb City economy, water quality, and healthy lifestyles. Some processes, like the Farmers Market, are part of this solution. Outlined in this book are a number of strategies that can benefit the community as it moves into the future. The crossing of Highway 171 was listed as a major concern, with the goal of connecting to the south and north. Future development in King Jack Park can begin to address this concern.
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Fig 1.5: This picture above shows a well known tree within the Youth park at Northeast Hill. Fig 1.6: The picture to the bottom shows a group of students working together to solve a problem within their community. Fig 1.7: The picture to the bottom left is bikers in a park in the New York Loop.
DOWNTOWN ZONE MAIN POINTS •
Growing Small Businesses
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Connection
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Lack of Entertainment
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Future Significance
There are a number of concerns brought to the attention of CCS regarding downtown Webb City. These ranged from the desire to grow small businesses, the concern for future connection to the growing city, the lack of entertainment options within that area of town, and the future significance of downtown and its history. Each of these concerns was considered as part of the CCS team's vision, with careful consideration taken to long term goals and aspirations.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Mission Statement Executive Summary RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 1.8: View of Springtime on Broadway Festival located in downtown Webb City Fig 1.9: A picture of the Farmers market mural done in the downtown district of Webb City
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P ARK S AND RE CRE ATI ON MAIN POINTS •
Parks and Recreation Office supports both change and improving quality of life for citizens
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Efforts to increase both accessibility and neighborhood park vitality have been made by the office
The Parks and Recreation office in Webb City has made significant efforts in recent years to improve both the quality of life for the town's citizens, as well as improving the quality and accessibility of the environment itself. With improvement efforts focused on neighborhood parks, the office is now ready to tackle King Jack Park, the only municipal park in the city. The office can make significant contributions to the health and vitality of the city in the future.
Fig 1.10: The picture above shows Center Creek, which runs along the northern city limits of Webb City and is within direct proximity and access to its citizens. Fig 1.11: The picture to the right shows an example of land acquisition, depicting Pima County's Riparian Land Acquisition and Management.
L A ND A CQU IS IT ION A number of areas were identified to the CCS team as either being own by the city of Webb City, having the opportunity to be bought by the Parks Department, or land given to the Parks system over time.
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Areas included the land to the east of King Jack Park, extending to Hall Street and the residences along that block. Land to the north was mentioned, with areas for a connecting bridge or underpass. Land to the west was brought up in one of the meetings as being rezoned, as well as the park having the option to buy a block of land directly adjacent to the northwest corner of King Jack. Land to the south of the park was also brought up, specifically to the rail lines to the southeast and the possible development of that area over time into a type of commuter station or welcome area.
INTRODUCTION
T RAIL N ET W O RK S MAIN POINTS •
Two major Trail Networks available to the citizens of Webb City
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The Frisco Greenway Trail
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The Ruby Jack Trail
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Mission Statement Executive Summary RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
The Frisco Greenway Trail runs through Webb City. The trail runs along a portion of the former St. Louis & San Francisco Railroad, which played an important role in the development of Joplin and Webb City. The corridor was donated by Burlington Northern to Jasper County for development as a recreational trail. The Ruby Jack Trail runs for 16 miles between Carthage, MO, and the Kansas state line. The trail links the towns of Carthage, Oronogo, and Carl Junction and traverses farmland, wetland, and woodland.
NE W SPORTS FA CIL IT Y Within Webb City the majority of sports and recreational activities are happening at King Jack Park. This includes rodeo, soccer, baseball, softball, and tennis. The sports facilities are receiving a lot of use from other local communities, including Joplin and their use of Webb City's soccer fields.
Fig 1.12: The picture to the upper right shows the bridge over Paradise Lake. Fig 1.13: The picture above shows one of the trail systems that run through the southern part of King Jack Park in Webb City Fig 1.14: The photo below is of old trolley tracks still found in Webb City
Though there is more space for these activities in King Jack than in other surrounding areas, King Jack's sporting areas can expand to other parts of town and become centralized there, allowing the park to take on more of a passive recreational zone over time. The relocation of existing sports and activities, including baseball and softball at the southern part of the park, would allow for new activities to take place over time. Currently, the fields to the south are in a depressed topographic area that is also part of the drainage from Paradise Lake. If a sports facility is able to be built in the coming years, which can bring all the sports areas together, then the sport areas to south should be turned into a conservation area for educating citizens about the natural environment in Webb City. From running trails, outdoor classrooms, and a diverse variety of natural plantings, a southern reclaimed area can enhance the attractiveness of King Jack Park as it currently stands and as it changes over the course of the next 30 years. A new sports facility is not necessary for King Jack to continue to function, and function well. But it will give the park a variety of unique paths and perspectives it can follow if the development were to take place.
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C ity Beautification MAIN POINTS •
Beautification can be addressed in a variety of ways, from plantings to the re-imagining of roads
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A survey of existing town aesthetic, both built and natural, can help lead city efforts in beautification
City beautification in Webb City can mean a variety of things, and be tackled at a variety of scales within the city. Planting trees, shrubs, and flowers is just a starting point; the city can also explore beautification through the restructuring of existing roadways and paths to slow traffic, to increase space for planting, and allow more spaces for pedestrians to rest and enjoy the view of the city. Beautification can also be addressed through the upgrading of buildings and their aesthetic, using colors, styles, and textures to different types of signage.
Fig 1.15: The picture below shows the Urban Forest project in Austin, Texas. Fig 1.16: The picture to the right shows flowers on the street in Richmond Heights.
WA L KA B L E S T R EET S
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What makes a neighborhood and its streets walkable? There are things that can/need to be in place for city streets in Webb City, like Madison and Main, to be walkable. First, a walkable neighborhood needs to have a center, some kind of space that is either a main street or public area. There needs to be enough people for public transit to run frequently and for businesses to flourish. Surrounding the area there needs to be mixed income, mixed use development. This includes affordable housing that is located near businesses. Walkablility will also increase if there are plenty of public places to gather and play and the pedestrian areas are designed with understanding of the pedestrians needs. This mean that buildings are close to the street, that parking lots are relegated to the back of stores and that streetscape is carefully considered. Schools and workplaces need to be close enough that most resident feel comfortable walking from their homes. And finally, it is important when designing walkable streets that they are designed for a variety of modes of transportation, including bicycling, walking, and automobile or public transit. All of these considerations can be put in place in Webb City.
INTRODUCTION
W AY- FIN D IN G MAIN POINTS •
A variety of way finding techniques can be used beyond simply sign-age
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Way finding of different dimension and medium can be used
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Mission Statement Executive Summary RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Wayfinding is the organization and communication of our relationship to space and the environment. Successful designs to promote wayfinding allow people to: (1) determine their location within a setting, (2) determine their destination, and (3) develop a plan that will take them from their location to their destination.
to further advance direction and significance
The design of wayfinding systems should include: (1) identifying and marking spaces, (2) grouping spaces, and (3) linking and organizing spaces through both architectural and graphic means.
DOWNTOWN RE VIT A L IZ A T ION The Downtown Revitalization and Economic Assistance for Missouri (DREAM) Initiative provide select communities with access to the technical and financial assistance they need to accomplish their downtown revitalization plans. The program is framed by a multi-year commitment between the State of Missouri and selected designated communities to offer a comprehensive, streamlined approach to establish grassroots downtown revitalization.
Fig 1.17: The top right image is an example of different way-finding signs Fig 1.18: The above image is a picture of sign-age at the National Mall. Fig 1.19: The bottom image depicts the revitalization of North-bridge Park in Santa Clarita. New landscaping and pathways were added, along with a new raised planter.
Through the efforts of the previous CCS study done in Webb City, the town was declared a DREAM city in 2008. This has allowed the downtown area to begin a process of revitalization thanks to the secured funds of the DREAM initiative.
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RESEARCH & ANALYSIS FOR KING JACK PARK
ASSET S MAIN POINTS •
Municipal Park
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Great natural setting with lakes and landscape
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Has a rich history of mining, including lead and zinc mining
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The site has a regionally recognized farmers market
King Jack Park has a great amount of usable land, with close to 148 acres that can easily be transformed to create a variety of spaces, entrances, and truly unique park experiences. Over time, the park's major recreational areas should be moved out of King Jack Park and centralized in a new sport center complex. This would allow the city to add new programs and assets to King Jack Park over the next 30 years.
Fig 2.1: The figure below shows a map of King Jack Park with the boundaries of the existing park highlighted in green. Fig 2.2: The picture to the right is of the historic bridge over Paradise Lake.
L A ND S CA P E & S IZ E
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The landscape of King Jack Park has changed dramatically over time, and the result is a park with a variety of different natural slopes, fields, vegetated areas, and paths. As the EPA has begun to fill in Sucker Flats at the front of the park, new ideas and visions for the development of this new acreage have been proposed. Currently, the front 23 acres of the park, where Sucker Flats use to exist, is being filled and graded to a gentle slope. Since the land where Sucker Flats was filled in will continue to settle for many years to come, any development will have to make special consideration for both the buildings and landscaping in this area. As far as natural water formations and vegetation, the park currently has a large lake, known as Paradise Lake, at the south center of the park. This lake area is adjacent to a more heavily wooded location, with trails, trees, and a more natural setting. Currently, the site has no southern entrance and is only accessible from the north, east, and west. There are some areas of the park that already support grasses and flowers, including the middle field to the south of the Mining Days Pavilion.
INTRODUCTION
FARM ERS MARK ET MAIN POINTS •
Regional recognition
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Lack of vendor space, cooking space, and parking around the market
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Vendor accessibility is limited on the east side of the market
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Market enjoys the proximity to the front of the park
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES CONTEXT RESEARCH ANALYSIS IMAGE STUDY COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
The farmers market in Webb City is regionally known and has been a huge success in recent years. It is a major asset of King Jack Park, but has a variety of problems, the biggest being the need to expand in the coming years. Lack of adequate vendor space and accessibility, protection from winter weather conditions, and adequate parking are all issues that the current farmers market is facing. The positive points of the market are its northern location close to Highway 171 and its proximity to the new park acreage at the former Sucker Flats Lake.
MARKE T & T R OL L EYS With oil prices rising, investments in local infrastructure, produce, and regional suppliers will become more and more important. Since 2000, the number of recorded farmers markets has grown over 170%, from 2,863 markets in 2000 to more than 7,800 in 2012. As demand grows for fresh local food, and shoppers seek relationships with the farms that make such food possible, farmers markets represent an important retail option that bolsters local economies in communities large and small.” (1)
Fig 2.3: The top right image is of the farmers market on a Fig 2.4: The above image is a picture of the eastern vendor Fig 2.5: The bottom image depicts one of the two trolley cars Webb City and the Parks and Recreation
Saturday morning accessibility issue owned by office
Webb City has an incredible Farmer's Market located near the entrance to King Jack Park, and it will continue to be a center of civic pride in the years to come. The market's need for additional parking and vendor space, can be addressed at its current location by expanding to the east and south. King Jack Park also has a current trolley loop system that runs through the park. With two trolleys, one with steel wheels for the rail lines and one with rubber tires, both can be used in the years to come to promote new forms of infrastructure and transportation within the park and city as a whole. Only one trolley is currently operational, and it operates like a bus, taking citizens around Webb City as work is being done on the other trolley. In the future development of the park more trolleys rail lines could be added within the park and the beyond the boundaries of the park to other areas of Webb City.
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C HAL L ENGE S MAIN POINTS •
FARMERS MARKET
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HIGHWAY 171
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PARKING
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HISTORICAL REFERENCE
King Jack Park has many assets. In many cases the assets that are located in the park are also potential challenges. The farmers market's circulation needs to be addressed. Even if Highway 171 is a main source of businesses and circulation next to the park it creates many barriers to the site. Limited parking is a main issue at many of the existing buildings. The history of Webb City is strong, but its presence within King Jack Park needs to be better expressed.
Fig 2.6: An example of all challenges that relate to King Jack Park Fig. 2.7: Farmers Market sign-age. Fig 2.8. An example of what you may see in the farmers market.
FA R M ER S M A R KET Though the farmers market provides many positive attributes, there are still issues that need to be resolved, such as, its inefficient vehicular and pedestrian circulation in and around the farmers market, its inability to effectively operate in harsh weather, and its need for additional parking.
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INTRODUCTION
HIG HW AY 171
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES CONTEXT RESEARCH ANALYSIS IMAGE STUDY COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Highway 171 is a main thoroughfare in Webb City. It links the main access points of the historic city center at Main Street with the new commercial development along Madison Street and is the primary traffic corridor that links Interstate 49 with Webb City, Carl Junction, and Joplin. This divided four lane highway creates many challenges for the development of King Jack Park: it is a physical, symbolic and psychological barrier that separates the park from the city center, it creates a significant traffic hazard for pedestrians and cyclist trying to cross it, and it is noisy and visually disruptive to the quiet, pastoral atmosphere that the community is trying to develop within the park. Fig 2.9: Figure one is an example of what highway 171 signs look like. Fig 2.10: Parking is an issue in King Jack Park that needs to be addressed. Fig 2.11: The praying hands located in King Jack Park.
PARKI NG Currently, King Jack Park lacks sufficient parking. This is one of the main complaints throughout the community. Additional parking needs to be provided at multiple locations. Due to the current distribution of park activities, the parking tends to be concentrated more towards the ball fields in the southern third of the park. As Sucker Flats is filled in and the new park design takes shape, it is important that the parking areas within King Jack Park be more equally distributed throughout the site for convenience and to minimize the size of the parking areas. All parking areas shall be constructed following sustainable best practices.
MI NI NG DAY S R EFER ENCE Webb City began as a lead and zinc mining town. King Jack, or Zinc, brought great wealth to many early settlers and the hardship of the mines to many more. Many of the current residents of Webb City can trace their ancestry back to those early mines. The importance of mining in the city is expressed in the name of this park, King Jack Park. The design for this park must celebrate this mining heritage and express it, from the Praying Hands and Kneeling Miner Sculptures to the expression of where the Sucker Flats Mine was located. As the vision and design for King Jack Park emerges, it is crucial that Webb City's mining history figure prominently in the park both physically and symbolically. The challenge to the community will be to incorporate the mining history in a tasteful and comprehensive manner.
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C HAL L ENGE S MAIN POINTS •
COMMERCIAL AREAS
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CONNECTION TO THE PARKS
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EPA
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ROUTE 66
A number of design challenges need to be considered while developing the vision and design for King Jack Park: 1. The introduction of commercial establishments within the park 2. The introduction of the park's character within the city center 3. The inclusion of Route 66 references within the park 4. The linkage of all city parks via a trail and signage system 5. The expression of the former location and importance of Sucker Flats 6. The impact of the EPA infrastructure on the park design 7. Minimum traffic disruption to area.
Fig 2.12: This is an example of the challenging areas in King Jack. Fig 2.13: An example of how connecting the local parks can promote business in Webb City. Fig 2.14: Different commercial activities that exist around the parks.
COM M ER CIA L A R EA S The challenge is finding a way in which the park can promote local businesses. Another challenge is to The challenge is finding a way in which the park can promote local businesses. Another challenge is to find a way to promote the park using the local businesses. A physical connection between the park and the business district is not required, but other connections should be explored: signage, cooperative promotions, image references, and symbolism. find a way to promote the park using the local businesses. A physical connection between the park and the business district is not required, but other connections should be explored: sign-age, cooperative promotions, image references, and symbolism.
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INTRODUCTION
C O N N EC T IN G PARK S
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES CONTEXT RESEARCH ANALYSIS IMAGE STUDY COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
We recommend that the Parks and Recreation Department consider connecting all of the existing city and neighborhood parks with a designated pedestrian and cycling trail. We believe that it would be advantageous to facilitate the easy and safe circulation of people throughout the community and between parks via designated on and off street trails to encourage a more active living lifestyle, to facilitate increase use of the parks, and to establish greater access to King Jack Park. Critical in the development of this trail or trails would be the establishment of safe zones along and across the streets, especially Highway 171.
Fig 2.15: A park that shows connection through trails Fig 2.16: The EPA logo. Fig 2.17: A map of Route 66.
E PA As part of the EPA Super Fund Site reclamation, mine tailings from the surrounding area are being used to fill in Sucker Flat Lake at the northern edge of King Jack Park. The citizens of Webb City have mixed feelings about the loss of the Sucker Flat Lake; some are pleased and others are deeply hurt by the loss of this “important� mining landmark. Regardless of the current emotions flowing within the community about the lake, it is gone. However, an important challenge for the members of the King Jack Park visioning / design team is to determine if, how and in what manner the reference to the former Sucker Flats Mine and Lake should be expressed.
ROUTE 66 Route 66 is a large part of Webb City's and America's history. The first segment of the route was built between Springfield, MO and Tulsa, OK and passed through the center of Webb City and Joplin. Annually, many Route 66 enthusiasts travel the route from Chicago to Los Angeles. Enticing these enthusiasts to stop in Webb City would be helpful for the local economy. The challenge is considering how to incorporate the community's Route 66 heritage in the King Jack Park vision and design.
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EXIST IN G I NVE NTORY-PARKS MAIN POINTS •
5 parks in Webb City
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Parks ordered by age group
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Parks ordered by activities offered
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Distance between the parks and downtown Webb City
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What activities occur in each of the seasons
King Jack Park is centrally located and lies within the commercial district of Webb City. The park is approximately 148 acres and located at 555 S Main Street. Some key existing elements of King Jack Park include the Praying Hands Monument, the Kneeling Miner Statue, and the city's 100 foot flag pole. The Parks and Recreation office along with the #1 trolley barn home to restored 1920's Number 60 Southwest Missouri Electric Railroad trolley car. The park has a one mile track, two fishing lakes, is home to Webb City's Mining Days Event Center, and includes an outdoor amphitheater. King Jack Park also currently accommodates Webb City's youth baseball program, softball program, and soccer fields. One of the main operations in the park is the Farmers' Market, which is important to the residents of Webb City.
Memorial P ark (478 W. D augherty S treet ) Memorial Park was Webb City's first park located at the corner of Ball and Daugherty Street. The park features a WWI memorial and is considered a "reflective park" where veterans of WWI from Webb City are honored and remembered.
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Fig 2.18: King Jack Park's Kneeling Miner Statue and the Parks and Recreation Office. Fig 2.19: Georgia City Bridge over Paradise Lake. Fig 2.20: Front of Memorial Park.
H all S treet Park ( 514 N . Hall Street)
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Hall Street Park is located on the corner of Tracy and Hall Street. The park includes two playgrounds and an updated basketball court. Recently, a new skateboarding half pipe was added as well as a new area of the park to the south which has a new family and friends pavilion planned.
Sunset Creek Park (629 E. R otunda D rive) Sunset Creek Park is located at the corner of Rudondo Drive and West Aylor Street, which is the newest neighborhood park in Webb City. There is currently a playground and tennis court. And there is major renovation scheduled for fall 2013 featuring swing sets, park benches, and rebuilding the tennis court.
H atten Park ( 354 N . C ollege Street) Hatten Park is located on the corner of College Street and Austin Street, and the park was formally the grounds of the Baptist College. There are also picnic tables, basketball goals, a family sized pavilion, and two playgrounds in the park. There is a park wide restoration scheduled for fall 2014 which will restore the park to its original Works in Progress Administration WPA appearance as it was in the Fig 2.21: Front of Hall Street Park. Fig 2.22: Playground at Sunset Creek Park Fig 2.23: Playground at Hatten Park. Fig 2.24: Pavilion at Hatten Park.
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Age Group of Park Activities King Jack Park includes activates such as baseball, softball, and soccer meant for the youth of Webb City. Memorial Park focuses on honoring the deceased, therefore appealing to the old generations. Hall Street, Sunset Creek Park, and Hatten Park, all include two playgrounds for the youth as well as either a tennis court or basketball goals.
T ypes of A ctivities King Jack Park, Sunset Creek Park, and Hatten Park are mainly for sports, while Hall Street Park, Sunset Creek Park, and Hatten Park have playgrounds. King Jack Park and Memorial Park are the only two parks with memorials, and the parks that have facilities for outdoor events are King Jack Park and Hatten Park.
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Fig 2.25: Renovation of Hall Street Park Playgrounds. Fig 2.26: Easter egg hunt (recreational activity) Fig 2.27: Trolley in King Jack Park (recreational activity) Fig 2.28: Example of bike path that could be implemented
INTRODUCTION
D IST AN C ES King Jack Park is .4 miles to downtown, Memorial Park is .3 miles from King Jack Park and .6 miles from downtown, Hall Street Park is .7 miles from King Jack Park and .3 from downtown, Sunset Creek Park is 2.4 miles from King Jack Park and 2.7 miles from downtown, and Hatten Park is 1.6 miles from King Jack Park and 1.3 miles from downtown.
Seasons and A ctivities
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Being outdoors based on what is happening in the parks during that time of year. The primary time people will be using the park system is spring through fall. There will be minimal use during the winter time. Webb City's Little League takes place during early summer, Webb City's Girls Softball takes place during the summer, Webb City's Soccer Club has spring and fall leagues, and Webb City's flag football has a fall league.
Fig 2.29: Webb City Little League team photo. Fig 2.30: Map of Webb City displaying distances between Parks Fig 2.31: Cardinal Soccer Club Logo
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W EBB C ITY : HI STORI C O VE RVI E W MAIN POINTS • • • •
•
Founded by John C. Webb The Center Creek Mining Company More points can go here Prosperous Mining Era spanned from 1890s 1920s Prosperity declined following the Post War Period
Webb City was named after its founder John C. Webb. Mr. Webb moved to Missouri from Tennessee in 1856 and established a 200 acre farm in what would eventually develop into the thriving community of Webb City. In 1873 John Webb discovered a large chunk of lead while plowing his fields. Mr. Webb's 200 acre farm contained vast deposits of lead ore, which would soon spark mining and economic activities needed to develop the community of Webb City.
Fig 2.32: The founder of Webb City, John C. Webb, moved to a farm in MO in 1856. Fig 2.33: Within a twenty year period over 700 mines were established in Webb City Fig 2.34: John Webb financed the Newland Hotel, the first bank, and other buildings.
A B A S IC FOU ND A T ION Mr. Daughterty and G.P. Ashcroft allowed John Webb's land to be developed by the Center Creek Mining Company. At this time, the population had grown to around 700 people. The mine workers mostly lived in Joplin while the prosperous Webb City was occupied by mostly wealthy mine owners. Over a span of 20 years 700 mines would eventually be located within the city limits of Webb City; including Sucker Flats. The Center Creek Mining Company made John Webb and other community members extraordinarily wealthy. Although John Webb had turned away from directly mining his land, he became actively involved in aiding Webb City in its initial development. He gave land for the construction of a school and Methodist Episcopal Church. He constructed and owned the city's first bank and built the 100 room Newland Hotel. John Webb's brother also became the mayor of Webb City. The Webb Family's activities were instrumental to the initial development of the community. The 1890s Webb City experienced a booming business economy fueled by the vast mining success in the area. Eventually, the thriving community grew to include extravagant Victorian style houses, 18 churches, an opera house, 4 banks, and even a coeducational college.
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INTRODUCTION
MI N I N G SP A RK S PRO SPERIT Y & D EVE LOPME NT
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Mining completely defined the community and the community members were very proud of the community's mines and mining industry. Webb City entered the 1898 OMATA International exhibit and was awarded the only silver medal for their mineral display. It was during World War I that Webb City's ore production, mining activities, and prosperity would reach its pinnacle of success. There was a boom in the production of lead and zinc to meet the demands for the war effort. Webb City and Carterville would produce around $23 million worth of lead and zinc between the 1890s and early 1900s. During this time of prosperity Webb City's population grew to 15,000, which greatly influence the city's infrastructure and transportation systems.
THE E ND OF A N ER A As mining continued and the population and importance of Webb City grew, the need for railways, transportation, and connections to other cities took precedent. A.H. Rogers built a mule street car line from Webb City to Carterville in 1889. The mule street car line eventually developed into the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway in 1893. During the First World War it expanded once again and reached a total length of 94 miles as it served the Tri-State mining field.
Fig 2.35: Public Transportation was common before the automobile emerged. Fig 2.36: It was during World War I that ore production reached its peak Fig 2.37:The Southwest Missouri Electric Railway Company Club House
The Southwest Missouri Electric Railway also chose to headquarter their company in Webb City. They built their employee club house, powerhouse, offices, and car barns in what is present day King Jack Public Park. The company soon faced competition with the introduction of the automobile and eventually discontinued all its routes in 1939. Webb City's glory days began to falter during the post World War I period. The price of ore plummeted after World War I and richer ore deposits were found in Oklahoma. Mining continued in Webb City for some years, but never again reach the prosperity of the World War I era. Webb City was forced to diversify its industrial and agricultural production. A number of factories were enticed to come to the city. Although the city made great efforts and achieved many feats to attract diverse industries, the city suffered greatly from losing their mining industry. As a result the city has lost a large part of its population and businesses throughout the years.
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D EM O G RA PHI CS MAIN POINTS •
Webb City has both many problems and potential solutions.
•
Though there is a fairly high amount of youth retention is a problem
•
Demographics is important statistical information that helps you understand the context, health, and growth of the city. Webb City's median age is 32 The city consists primarily of young working families.
The following demographics reveal trends in the city
WE BB CI TY STATI STI CS Population The current year population in this selected geography is 11,365. The 2000 Census revealed a population of 9,812 and in 1990 it was 7,539 representing a 30.1% change. It is estimated that the population in this area will be 11,926 in 2014, representing a change of 5.8% from 2006. The current population is 47.7% male and 52.3% female. In 2006, the median age of the population in this area was 31.9, compared to the US median age which was 36.5. The population density in the Webb City area is 1,400 people per square mile. Households There are roughly 4,313 households within the city limits of Webb City. The US Census revealed household counts of 3,808 in 2000, up from 3,007 in 1990, representing a change of 26.6%. It is estimated that the number of households in this area will be 4,934 in 2014. The household size in this area is 2.42 persons. In 2006, the median number of years in residence in this population was 3.00 years. Employment In 2006, there were 5,108 people over the age of 16 in the labor force. Of these 93.9% were employed, 6.1% were unemployed. In 1990, unemployment in this area was 6.1% and in 2000 it was 8.7%. In 2006, there were 3,645 employees in this selected area (daytime population) and there were 382 employment establishments.
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Fig
2.38:
The
picture above shows the Praying located in King Jack Park
Hands
Sculpture
Fig 2.39: The picture below shows a graph of average commute time to work for citizens of Webb City
INTRODUCTION
C U LT U RAL C O N T EXT MAIN POINTS •
Webb City is a place that can be the center of socio-economic and cultural exchange
•
King Jack Park plays an integral role in the exchange of people
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Webb City and Joplin city limit lines are contiguous; this close proximity between the communities allows the citizens of to easily move between the two cities. Different age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic groups can come together at different areas in these communities. King Jack Park has a great deal of potential for becoming a gathering point for the two communities because of its location.
from diverse backgrounds, and this relationship will only
The demographic data and graphs shown reflect the current economic and cultural data for Webb City.
intensify in the future.
DE MOGRAP H IC D A T A Population: 11,365 Male: 5,395 Female: 5,970 Median Age: 31.7 Years People Under 5 Years: 954 6-17 Years: 949 18-65: 8,013 65 + : 1,449 Average Family Size: Total Housing Units: Median Home Value: Median Family Income: Fig 2.40: The picture to the top right shows Minerva Candy store located in downtown Webb City. Fig 2.41: The picture above shows school enrollment percentages for Webb City. Fig 2.42: Plantings and streets in downtown Webb City.
3.11 4,652 $72,400 $36,006
Households: 4,230 Families: 2,840 Ethnicity: White: 90.7% African American: 1.6% Native American: 1.5% Asian: 1.5% Pacific Islander: 0.1% Other Races: 2.2% Two or More Races: 3.0% Hispanic Or Latino: 4.9%
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Fig 2.43: This picture above shows a weighing station with a scale made by Cardinal Scales, a major company within Webb City. Fig 2.44: The picture to the bottom right shows a factory as part of Webb City's economic development.
EC O N O MI C DE VE LOPME NT MAIN POINTS •
Webb city has seen positive economic growth with new businesses in the area
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Taxes are low in the area to encourage businesses to grow and come to Webb City
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Webb City was named a Missouri 'Dream City' in 2008 and is a gem of the Ozarks. The city defies national trends in that it continues to grow and prosper. Webb City's business friendly climate has resulted in new businesses locating in the city. New home growth and an expanding school system demonstrate the confidence in the city. Taxes are extremely low to encourage entrepreneurs to make Webb City their business home. Manufacturers will enjoy the advantages for providing jobs.
CARD IN AL IN D U ST RY MAIN POINTS •
Cardinal Scales in the area, supplying at a global scale
•
Webb City has been designated as a Dream City, an selection that is only made of ten cities each year.
One of the largest industries in Webb City since the 1950 is Cardinal Scales. The city is proud of the successful businesses in the community, such as Cardinal-Detecto Scale Manufacturing Company. From its beginnings as a local startup company, CardinalDetecto has become a world leader in the manufacture of small and largest industrial scales with sales in 225 countries. Cardinal-Detecto was selected as the Missouri Exporter of the Year for 2008.
Fig 2.45: The picture to the left shows Webb City's City Hall Fig 2.46: The picture belows shows a historic sign at the entrance to King Jack Park. The sign points to the downtown area of Webb City along Main Street and t he business district located there.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
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EV EN T S & ACTI VI TI E S MAIN POINTS •
NEW ACTIVITIES
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PARK (ING) DAY
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NATIONAL PARK DAY
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NEW PLACES FOR ACTIVITIES
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Events and activities are one of the most important aspects of a community and park. Not only do seasonal and yearly events bring business to a community they also give that community an identity.
EXISTING ACTIVITIES
Fig 2.47: Kids playing soccer. Fig 2.48: Kids finding eggs at Easter. Fig 2.49: An example of how National Park(ing) Day works. Fig 2.50: An example of fair grounds as an activity.
NA T IONA L P A R K(ING ) D A Y PARK(ing) Day is an annual worldwide event where artists, designers and citizens transform metered parking spots into temporary public parks.” Parking spots are taken up throughout the commercial areas of a city and temporary parks are installed in parking lots. This event brings people together and provides a way to step aside from the everyday routine. This event has the potential to entirely redefine “the parks” and transforms business areas while attracting even more business than normal. This event is just one example of many events that could work in a city like Webb City. This event could collaborate between multiple programs and businesses to promote a healthy lifestyle and a fun activity.
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INTRODUCTION
AM P HIT HEAT ER
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
An amphitheater could accommodate multiple event activities within Webb City's King Jack Park. The stage itself could hold presentations, local and nonlocal musicians, a gathering place, or even a place to lounge and relax on a Sunday afternoon. An outdoor amphitheater provides opportunities for events that impact the entire park. New and existing events could all be hosted in the same place and strengthen the identity of Webb City and King Jack Park. These outdoor event activities need a flexible home where people can come and play, observe and learn. Having an amphitheater that can host events both big and small will greatly aid the businesses of the community that serve and host the visitors.
NE W & E X I STI NG LOCA L EVENT S There are many events that happen in Webb City that need to be continued. These events provide an identity for the city while also stimulate business activities, and giving the citizens of Webb City something exciting to look forward to throughout the year. There are some seasonal events that occur in Webb City that need to continue: The Easter Egg Hunt in King Jack Park where over 10,000 eggs are hidden for children of all ages; a free event that families looked forward to each year.
Fig 2.51: An ex. Of activities that could be included in the amphitheater; Music. Fig 2.52: An amphitheater with similar attributes to one that could be in King Jack. Fig 2.53: What decorations at Polar Bear express look like.
The Polar Bear Express in King Jack Park, complete with Christmas lights, a train ride, decorations, music, holiday refreshments, and Santa. This seasonal event transforms the park and Webb City with the spirit of Christmas. The Mining Days Festival in King Jack Park is an event that needs to be revived; it once drew thousands of visitors to Webb City's to celebration its heritage. Weekly activities which might be included in King Jack Park could be: Rides on Webb City's historical trolleys Weekly trips to the farmers market
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AC T IV E L IVI NG MAIN POINTS •
ACTIVITIES
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PHYSICAL EDUCATION
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WALKABLE NEIGHBORHOODS
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COMMUNITIES HELP
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NUTRITION
Children and families are more active when they live in neighborhoods that have sidewalks, parks, bicycle lanes and safe streets. Schools also can help residents of all ages be more active by providing students with quality recess, physical education and after-school programs, and by sharing their facilities with the community outside of school hours." Active Living can start addressing things beyond physical health. Nutrition is another main aspect of active living.
Fig 2.54: Local produce can help achieve a healthier lifestyle. Fig 2 & 3: Statistics. Fig 2.55,2.56, & 2.57: Examples of active living.
NU T R IT ION Nutrition is one of the most important aspects of Active Living. To live a healthy lifestyle, one needs to do more than exercise. Many people look for local and fresh produce when applying this lifestyle change. There are many organizations that help promote healthy nutrition on a daily basis. One example is a program started in Idaho, Heal, whose main focus is to bring obesity rates down in their state. "Healthy Eating, Active Living (HEAL) Idaho is a voluntary network of organizations, agencies, businesses and individuals committed to creating an environment where all . . . have access to healthy food options and opportunities to be physically active to improve their health and well-being." This is one example of how to promote active living in regards to nutrition.
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INTRODUCTION
CO M MU N IT Y IN V O LV EMENT
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
"The way communities are designed has a great influence on how active we are. When communities are safe, wellmaintained and have appealing scenery, children and families are more likely to be active. Unfortunately, many people, especially those at high risk for obesity, live in communities that lack parks and have high crime rates, dangerous traffic patterns and unsafe sidewalks. Such communities discourage residents from walking, bicycling and playing outside. Increasingly, local governments are considering how community design will impact residents' physical activity. Our research documents effective strategies for creating communities that support active living and promote health."
ACTI VI TI E S & H EA LT H "Increasing physical activity is a powerful way to prevent obesity and promote health among children and adults. Across the country, practitioners, advocates and policy-makers are coming together to create healthier communities that support active lifestyles."
Fig 2.58: Graph that explains how trail conditions can promote active living. Fig 2.59: Things you would see in a local Farmers Market. Fig 2.60: Promotional graphic for active living.
'Parks and recreation facilities provide opportunities for physical activity and can help people of all ages lead a more active lifestyle. People who live near parks are more likely to be active. However, some lower-income communities and communities of color tend to have less access to quality parks and recreation facilities. Our research documents the most effective ways to improve the design, quality and availability of parks and recreation resources. Making recreational facilities accessible in all communities is a critical strategy for increasing physical activity and preventing obesity." "Greenways have higher levels of physical activity when a park, or wooded area, is nearby, when a trail intersects areas with greater land-use mixture, and the trail segments connect both green settings and areas with greater land-use mixture." Greenways are just way in which a community can practice active living. Many other activities can promote this lifestyle change. School functions and physical education classes can also prevent increased obesity rates and a healthier lifestyle.
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OPPORTUNITY The potential that lies in King Jack Park to influence healthy behavior is abundant thanks to the current and proposed park activities and Farmer's Market. Some activities in the park that would help supply more healthy lifestyles include, walking or running on trails, swimming or fishing in the lakes, playing recreational sports, riding a bike, walking a dog, playing on playground equipment, or eating local vegetables from the Farmers Market. These activities will help enforce the goals of the Healthy Lifestyle Initiative. As time goes on, it will become increasingly more important to live a healthy lifestyle, and as King Jack Park evolves, the opportunity to take advantage of the Healthy Lifestyle Initiative's ideals will become available. From the basis of what the HLI hopes to achieve, King Jack Park can help to be yet another source for healthier lives in Webb City.
Fig 2.61: Example of a Farmers' Market and how it would function. Fig 2.62: A family walking in a park on a walking trail. Fig 2.63: Graph showing the obesity level in Missouri.
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE INITIATIVE (HLI) MAIN POINTS •
What the Healthy Lifestyle Initiative is
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The goals of the Healthy Lifestyle Initiative
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Activities that can help support healthier lives
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King Jack Park’s opportunity
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The Healthy Lifestyle Initiative brought forth by University of Missouri is a collection of members who seek to develop healthy communities through food and activity. The HLI goal is to address factors contributing to overweight, obesity, and sedentary lifestyles by creating positive environmental changes for lifelong health. One way the HLI influences healthy lifestyles is through “environment”. This refers to surroundings, which includes buildings, parks, and more. Our opportunity to attract healthy lifestyles begins with the city's park. At this point in time, King Jack Park has the potential to achieve everything that the HLI program stands for and hopes to accomplish.
SPORTS & ACTIVITIES Webb City is well known for its sports teams and programs. Football is something the entire community looks forward to and enjoys. It is in activities like this that the Healthy Lifestyle Initiative can be use to its advantage. With the idea of living healthier lives, the sports teams and programs would serve as an example. The teams are looked up to especially among the younger community members, and it is during the younger years of life where establishing a healthy lifestyle is the most important. Extending HLI support by example from the large sports programs and teams could greatly increase the level of health among younger people in Webb City to hopefully decrease the level of obesity in Webb City and Missouri.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 2.64: Webb City basket ball team. Fig 2.65: Webb City soccer team. Fig 2.66: Webb City football team.
HLI IN WEBB CITY The Healthy Lifestyle Initiative should be something that is not only applied to King Jack Park, but also throughout Webb City. The idea is to again provide the appropriate opportunities for children, as well as adults, to live a healthier life. The obesity level in Missouri has steadily increased over the last two decades, making it even more important to provide healthy choices to the community of Webb City. This is primarily where the Healthy Lifestyle Initiative comes into effect, when obesity is high and communities need healthy changes. What can be done at a city level to improve the health of Webb City's community members includes providing bike paths and trails throughout the city, providing healthier lunch options for children in school, providing programs that help promote healthy living, giving children a time to exercise during the school day, and much more.
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SMART G R OWTH MAIN POINTS •
A strategy the emphasizes compact, walkable urban centers
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Smart Growth consists of ten planning principles
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A program that advocates for long range, regional sustainability
Smart Growth is a theory pertaining to city growth that promotes compact walkable urban centers as the alternative to sprawl. Growth is "smart" when it gives us great communities, with more choices and personal freedom, good return on public investment, greater opportunity across the community, a thriving natural environment, and both a land and city that we can leave to future generations. Smart Growth is composed of ten principles outlined in the following pages.
T EN SMART GROWTH PRI NCI PLE S 1.
Mix Land Uses
2.
Take Advantage of Compact Building Design
3. 4.
Create a Range of Housing Opportunities and Choices Create Walkable Neighborhoods
Fig
2.67:
The picture above shows Fall Creek Place Palladino, Mansur Real Estate Services, Inc.
from
Chris
Fig 2.68: The picture below shows main Smart Growth ideas and goals
5.
Foster Distinctive, Attractive Communities with a Strong Sense of Place
6.
Preserve Open Space, Farmland, Natural Beauty and Critical Environmental Areas
7.
Strengthen and Direct Development Towards Existing Communities
8.
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Provide a Variety of Transportation Choices
9.
Make Development Decisions Predictable, Fair and Cost Effective
10.
Encourage Community and Stakeholder Collaboration in Development Decisions
INTRODUCTION
MIXED L AN D U SES MAIN POINTS •
Mixing residential, commercial, and recreational uses
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Walking and biking become an option that is more viable
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Public transit can be supported by mixing land uses
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Security and development can also be part of
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Webb City can benefit from mix land uses because putting residential, commercial and recreational uses in close proximity to one another allows alternatives to driving, such as walking or biking, to become viable. Public transit can become a more realistic option because a larger, more diverse, and commercially supported area is established. More people are invited to use streets, increasing both security and the possibility of creating places where people would meet. Not only can mixed land uses work in tandem with development, but it can be provide a major economic boost to a city.
mixed land use.
COMPACT BUI LD ING D ES IG N Compact building design suggests that communities be laid out in a way that preserves more open space and that individual buildings make more efficient use of land and resources. For example, by encouraging buildings to grow vertically rather than horizontally and by incorporating structured rather than surface parking, communities can reduce the footprint of new construction and preserve more green space. This not only uses land efficiently, but it also protects more open land to absorb and filter rain water, reduce flooding and storm water drainage needs, and lower the amount of pollution washing into our streams, rivers and lakes. Fig 2.69: The picture above shows a street corner in a mix-use urban setting. Fig 2.70: The picture to the upper right hand corner shows a tram line as a mode of alternative public transportation and infrastructure in the city. Fig 2.71: The photo below is of a community investing in mixed land use.
Compact building design is necessary to support wider transportation choices and provides cost savings for localities. Communities seeking to encourage transit use to reduce air pollution and congestion recognize that minimum levels of density are required to make public transit networks viable. In addition, local governments find that, on a per-unit basis, it is cheaper to provide and maintain services like water, sewer, electricity, phone service and other utilities in more compact neighborhoods than in dispersed communities. Research has shown that well-designed, compact communities with a variety of housing sizes and types command a higher market value than those in conventional suburban developments. Increasing numbers of developments are successfully integrating compact design into community building efforts. This is happening despite current zoning that discourages compact design, such as those that require minimum lot sizes or prohibit multifamily or attached housing.
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SMART GROWTH - RANGE OF HOUSI NG MAIN POINTS •
A range of housing options and choices can benefit Webb City in the years to come
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Housing diversity can also support public transit use and access to services, education, and commercial areas.
Providing quality housing for people of all income levels is an integral component in considering Webb City's growth. Housing is a critical part of the way communities grow, because it constitutes a significant share of new construction and development. More importantly, however, housing availability is also a key factor in determining households' access to transportation, commuting patterns, access to services and education, and consumption of energy and other natural resources.
Fig 2.72: The picture to the right shows a park in a walkable neighborhood. Fig 2.73: The picture below shows different housing options in the District of Columbia.
WA L KA B L E NEIG H B OR H OOD S Walkable communities that are desirable places to live, work, learn, worship and play are a key component of Smart Growth. Their desirability comes from two factors. First, goods (such as housing, offices, and retail) and services (such as transportation, schools, and libraries) are located within an easy and safe walk. Second, walkable communities make pedestrian activity possible, thus expanding transportation options, and creating a streetscape for a range of users: pedestrians, bicyclists, transit riders, and drivers. To foster walkablility, communities must mix land uses and build compactly, as well as ensure safe and inviting pedestrian corridors.
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As the personal and societal benefits of pedestrian-friendly communities are realized, the benefits that include lower transportation costs, greater social interaction, improved personal and environmental health, and expanded consumer choice have many calling upon the public and private sectors to facilitate the development of walkable places. Land use and community design play a pivotal role in encouraging pedestrian environments.
INTRODUCTION
C REAT IN G A SEN SE O F PLACE MAIN POINTS •
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New places can be created in Webb City while still respecting the character and history of the existing areas. Smart Growth promotes unique man-made and natural places, and this idea can be used in Webb City to create areas of interest and commerce.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Smart Growth encourages communities to craft a vision and set standards for development that respect community values of architectural beauty and distinctiveness, as well as expand choices in housing and transportation. Smart Growth seeks to create interesting, unique communities that reflect the values and cultures of the people who reside there and foster physical environments that support a more cohesive community fabric. Smart Growth promotes development that uses natural and man-made boundaries and landmarks to define neighborhoods, towns, and regions.
OPE N SPACE P R ES ERVA T ION "Open space" refers to natural areas that provide important community space, habitat for plants and animals, and recreational opportunities, as well as farm and ranch land (working lands), places of natural beauty, and critical environmental areas (e.g. wetlands). Open space preservation supports Smart Growth goals by bolstering local economies, preserving critical environmental areas, improving community quality of life, and guiding new growth into existing communities.
Fig 2.74: The top right image is of the current King Jack Park amphitheater. Fig 2.75: The above image is a picture of the playground at Memorial Park. Fig 2.76: The bottom image depicts the Historic Bradbury Bishop Deli located in the heart of downtown Webb City.
There is growing political will to save the "open spaces" that Americans treasure. In recent elections, voters have overwhelmingly approved ballot measures to fund open space protection efforts. Protection of open space provides many fiscal benefits, including increasing local property value (thereby increasing property tax bases), providing tourism dollars, and preventing local tax increases (due to the savings from avoided construction of new infrastructure). Supplies of high quality open space also ensures that prime farm and ranch lands are available, prevent flood damage, and contribute to clean drinking water. Open space also provides significant environmental quality and health benefits. Open space protects animal and plant habitat, places of natural beauty, and working lands by removing development pressure and redirecting new growth to existing communities. Additionally, preservation of open space benefits the environment by combating air pollution, attenuating noise, controlling wind, providing erosion control, and moderating temperatures. Open space also protects surface by filtering ground water pollutants before they enter a water system.
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SMART G R OWTH- DI RE CT DE VE LOPME NT MAIN POINTS •
Direct development can work with existing community infrastructure
•
Developing existing neighborhoods can be cost-effective and improve quality of life
Smart Growth directs development towards existing communities already served by infrastructure, seeking to utilize the resources that existing neighborhoods offer and conserve open space. Development in existing neighborhoods can be more cost-effective and improve quality of life. Encouraging development in existing communities can support a stronger tax base, closer proximity of a range of jobs and services and, in some cases, strengthen rural communities.
Fig 2.77: The figure to the right shows an example of direct development in Carroll County Georgia. Fig 2.78: The picture below shows a designated bike lane in Seattle, Washington.
T R A NS P ORT A T ION VA R IET Y Providing people with more choices in housing, shopping, communities, and transportation is a key aim of Smart Growth. Communities are seeking a wider range of transportation options in an effort to improve beleaguered current systems. Traffic congestion is worsening across the country. According to the Texas Transportation Institute, the amount of delay experienced by the average commuter in 2010 was 34 hours, up from 14 hours in 1982. In response, communities are beginning to implement new approaches to transportation planning, such as better coordinating land use and transportation; increasing the availability of high-quality transit service; creating redundancy, resiliency and connectivity within their road networks; and ensuring connectivity between pedestrian, bike, transit, and road facilities. In short, they are coupling a multimodal approach to transportation with supportive development patterns, to create a variety of transportation options.
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INTRODUCTION
P RED I CT ABL E, FAIR, & C O ST EF F E CTI VE MAIN POINTS •
Private sector must be a part of smart growth
•
Large amounts of money are needed to support smart growth developments
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Government agencies can work with the private sector in local communities
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
To successfully implement Smart Growth, the concept must be embraced by the private sector. Only private capital markets can supply the large amounts of money needed to meet the growing demand for Smart Growth developments. If investors, bankers, developers, builders and others do not earn a profit, few Smart Growth projects will be built. Fortunately, government can help make Smart Growth more profitable for private investors and developers. Since the development industry is highly regulated, the value of property and the desirability of a place are affected by government investment in infrastructure and government regulation.
E NCOURAGE CO L L A B OR A T ION
Fig 2.79: The top right image is of Bruner Pharmacy in downtown Webb City Fig 2.80: The above image was taken of downtown Webb City looking east. Fig 2.81: The bottom image depicts the Route 66 Center that was built in the last five years in downtown Webb City.
Growth can create great places to live, work and play if it responds to a community's own sense of how and where it wants to grow. Communities have different needs and will emphasize some Smart Growth principles over others: those with robust economic growth may need to improve housing choices; others that have suffered from disinvestment may emphasize infill development; newer communities with separated uses may be looking for the sense of place provided by mixeduse town centers; and still others with poor air quality may seek relief by offering transportation choices. The common thread, however, is that the needs of every community and the programs to address them are best defined by the people who live and work there. Citizen participation can be time-consuming, frustrating and expensive. On the other hand, encouraging community and stakeholder collaboration can lead to creative, speedy resolution of development issues and greater community understanding of the importance of good planning and investment. Smart Growth plans and policies developed without strong citizen involvement will lack staying power. Involving the community early and often in the planning process vastly improves public support for Smart Growth and often leads to innovative strategies that fit the unique needs of a particular community. Key actions in encouraging collaboration include developing an exclusionary process and a common understanding among diverse stakeholders, using effective and appropriate communication techniques, and working with local authorities.
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Fig 2.82: This picture above shows one of the many playground areas that surround Haile Village Center
SM ART G ROWTH PRE CE DE NTS MAIN POINTS •
A variety of precedent cities can be considered when looking at Smart Growth principles and their application
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Burlington, Iowa has a program in place that supports a major downtown market and area revitalization
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Webb City can look to cities like Burlington and understand how they used taxpayer investments in smart ways.
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Smart Taxpayer Investments Burlington, Iowa Downtown Farmers Market "Public investment in Burlington's Main Street has brought people to other downtown events, like this farmers' market." (1) The same investments ideas used for sidewalks, planting, and connectivity can be implemented in Webb City. Downtown Burlington has seen a variety of programs prosper due to the investment in that area. Ranging from an active farmers market, to local festivals, car shows, and community painting days, the downtown has seen major economic, social, and commercial growth. Part of this success was the due attention that was paid to streets, where plantings, larger sidewalks, pedestrian friendly circulation, and storefront renewal have all been backed by taxpayer investments.
Fig 2.83: The picture below shows the downtown farmers market in Burlington, Iowa on a busy Saturday.
HAIL E V IL L AG E C EN T ER MAIN POINTS •
Haile Village Center in Florida can be used as a Smart Growth precedent that shows the value of preserving both local land and community.
•
Webb City has its own unique culture and traditions, and growth does not have to dictate any kind of loss to this unique way of life. Change does not have to mean that the best parts of a city are lost.
Preserve Land and Community Gainesville, Florida Haile Village Center "Charming homes and mature live oaks are central to this village idea." (1) Webb City has both natural and historical areas that can be preserved and respected as part of future growth. Also, growth in Webb City does not have to force the city into losing any of its current identity or character. Looking at cities like Haile Village Center can provide inspiration for Webb City as it plans its housing diversification, street renewal, commercial and retail zoning, as well as park expansion in King Jack Park. Haile Village Center has become a hub of commerce and social interaction and Webb City can do the same.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 2.84: The Image to the left shows a housing area within Haile Village Center Fig 2.85: The picture belows shows the one of the main streets in Haile Village Center that supports a variety of activity and commercial businesses and life.
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EFFEC T S OF RI SI NG F UE L COSTS & POPULATI ON MAIN POINTS •
Pain at the pump.
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Oil Corporations
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Local Produce
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Less Vacations
Pain at the pump is a reality that will only worsen. Half the world's petroleum comes from only 3% of the world's oil fields. When these oil fields are depleted, corporations will have to engage in costly endeavors to reach oil reserves elsewhere.
Fig 2.86: Graph of world population depending on year. Fig 2.87: An image of futuristic Webb City Downtown.
OIL P R OD U CT ION Oil production has already reached its peak production and the current projected population growth will further affect the rise in the price of fuel. There are currently 1 billion people living lifestyles which are comparable to America's middle class; by 2014, that number is expected to triple. Oil is a product of many aspects of consumer life from housing, materials, transportation, and industrial design. With the current rise in oil costs and production costs, the trends that Americans are living must change over the course of the next 30 years in order to incorporate this change in fossil fuel consumption.
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INTRODUCTION
IN IT IAL EFFEC T S
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
The initial effects of rapid increase of gas and oil consumption will effect technologies that fund the advancement of transportation methods and types. These effects will resonate with both local, rural, communities, and larger city/urban environments. This will effect not the areas in many ways including vacationing, home ownership, business costs, and even schooling. There will also be reforms in environmental regulations from state to national levels throughout the world. These initial effects will resonate through future years and directly influence the environments in which people live, work, socialize, learn, and play.
F ORCE D ADA P T A T ION The consequences of rising fuel prices will inspire many adaptations within cities, towns, households, and transportation systems. One positive effect is a decline in the obesity rate. People will be much more inclined to walk to locations within short distances rather than driving. As fuel becomes more and more expensive travel by plane will become less common; replaced by high speed train networks.
Fig 2.88: Graph showing rate of increasing public transit. Fig 2.89: Graph showing annual gas prices from 1919-2011. Fig 2.90:Graph showing increase of train and bus usage and increase of oil cost.
Many cities and towns may reestablish city transit systems and buses within their communities to provide cheap transportation. Downtown areas that were once in neglect, due to cheap fuel and automobiles, will witness revival as commerce and business leaves the abandoned suburbs and relocates to downtown areas. The concept of local regionalism will replace the ideal of globalization that cheap fuel had produced.
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IMAG E STUDI E S MAIN POINTS •
Continuous connection
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Connection between park and city.
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Park Image
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City Image
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Rural versus Urban Image
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Historical versus
Image studies were undertaken to better understand how the entrance of King Jack Park could become an identifying element for Webb City. A variety of cities and images of different scales were studied and compared to provide options to produce a greater understanding of the relationship between the cities image and its environment.
modern Image
Fig 2.91:Diagram representing how Seaside, FL coheres to its idea of image. Fig 2.92: The ribbon park uses a singular ribbon to unify the linear park.
WH A T D O WE M EA N B Y IM A G E? An image signifies the character and aspects of place. An image brings a character or element of a place into being, whether it is through a historic meaning, a development of natural or man-made components, or through the integration of social or environmental elements. Image has meaning to both the residents and citizens of the community, bringing an identity to the city that citizens and visitors can relate to, a meaningful and experiential development of identity that expresses the city's uniqueness. A city that promotes a unified or coherent image can support both the economy and social integration as people are connected to place.
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INTRODUCTION
H I S T O RIC ASSO C IAT IO N O F A PLACE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Sometimes image is attained through reputation that has been formed and solidified throughout history. This is true for Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Pittsburgh experienced its first boom as a commercial city following the American Revolution. The city has become synonymous with steel manufacturing ever since. Following the 1870's steel had became Pittsburgh's major industry and by 1911 the city was producing half the nation's steel supply. This associative image of Pittsburgh is similar to Webb City's historic image as a center for mining. We want to draw upon this and help it define the character and image of King Jack Park. The history is a very important aspect of Webb City. Fig 2.93: Photo of King Jack Park taken from the Praying Hands Fig 2.94: Shows an illustration of a reclaimed industrial park
USI NG MULTI PL E M ET H OD S There can not just be one way to create a clear image of Webb City. There will have to be a multitude of methods combined in order to achieve this. We studied many different parks and cities to understand how image was created. Seaside, Florida has a very identifiable image because the developers had very specific intentions while they were planning and designing the small town. Strict codes and regulations have created a town where everything is within a five minutes walking distance. The houses must have porches, yards, and fences. The development of high rise condos and commercial developments is prohibited within the city, and every structure is built within the same style and the same color pallet. These attributes have solidified a very strong identity and image of Seaside. Image can be defined by dominant gestures. Qinhuangdao's image is generated by a red ribbon structure that spans across 1640 feet. The structure integrates functions of lighting, seating, environmental interpretation, and orientation. The structure spans alongside a river using natural terrain and vegetation as a background. The red ribbon structure is not only visually striking but also constitutes the functions and path. The project shows how minimal design solution can achieve dramatic improvement to the landscape. .
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Regional Map MAIN POINTS •
Webb City’s location in southwest Missouri
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Location of Jasper county in southwest Missouri
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Webb City’s location compared to neighboring cities
Missouri is situated on the western edge of the north-central United States. On a regional scale, the largest cities closest to Webb City would be Joplin, Springfield, Kansas City, St. Louis, Tulsa, and Fayetteville. Webb City lies in the center of these major cities, making for a great opportunity when it comes to travel and tourism.
Fig 2.95: Map of Missouri highlighting the southwest region. Fig 2.96: Map of Missouri showing the counties of southwest Missouri. Fig 2.97: Map of Jasper county in Southwest Missouri.
J asper County Jasper county is located on the western side of the southwest region of Missouri. Webb City's location in Jasper County lies between the cities of Joplin, Carl Junction, and Carthage. Not only is Webb City's location in Jasper County important, but also is Jasper County's location in Missouri. It is located in the middle of numerous major cities, allowing for easy traveling possibilities.
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INTRODUCTION
1 0 M ile Radius MAIN POINTS •
Areas within 10 mile radius
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Advantages of what lies in the radius
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Cities and roads that connect to this radius
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Looking at Webb City, and specifically King Jack Park, within a 10 mile radius is where the most immediate traffic to King Jack Park will come from. Highlighting this radius is valuable because it shows other notable cities that fall within the 10 miles radius: Joplin, Carl Junction, and Carthage. The location of King Jack Park and Webb City is defined by the map as a strong location because of these neighboring population centers.
Fig 2.98: 10 mile radius map from King Jack Park showing the immediate area. Fig 2.99: 10 mile radius map from King Jack Park showing the regional area. Fig 2.100: 10 mile radius map from King Jack Park in relation to other large cities in neighboring states.
BE YOND 10 M IL ES The fact that Interstates 44 and 49 are within 10 miles of King Jack Park means that Webb City can easily be connected to Tulsa, Fayetteville, Springfield, Kansas City, and St. Louis. Only a few hours separate these very large cities from King Jack Park thanks to Interstates. There are also universities near Webb City, they include Missouri Southern State University, Crowder College, Missouri State University and Drury University. Of course entertainment near Webb City will have to coexist with King Jack Park. The most relevant entertainment near Webb City and King Jack Park is sports events, retail stores, and Downstream Casino. King Jack Park along with these forms of entertainment will help facilitate growth to this area and provide the root for what is needed to help King Jack Park become successful.
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W EBB C ITY LOCATI ON MAIN POINTS •
Webb City’s location in the U.S.,
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Webb City’s location in the mid-west
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Webb City’s opportunity for national expansion
Webb City, Missouri is located on the Ozark Plateau in Southwest Missouri. It is approximately 200 miles southwest of the center of population of the United States and near the geographical center of the country. The city is located next to Joplin, five miles east of the Kansas state line, eight miles northeast of the Oklahoma state line and 40 miles north of the Arkansas state line. Webb City is conveniently located next to Interstates 44 and 49 and directly on historic Route 66.
Fig 2.101: Map of the United States highlighting Missouri. Fig 2.102: Map of Missouri highlighting Jasper county and Webb City in Jasper county. Fig 2.103: Map with Webb City border highlighted.
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NA T IONA L LOCA T ION Webb City is nationally located in the Midwest of the United States and more specifically in southwest Missouri. When looking at relative location, Webb City is basically in the middle of the country. Much like Route 66 and how the road became successful, Webb City begins from the middle of the United States and branches out from there. Webb City not only can be easily accessed from the middle of the country, but being in the middle provides good ways for expanding its image.
INTRODUCTION
K I N G J AC K P ARK LO C AT IO N MAIN POINTS •
King Jack Park’s Location
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Surrounding Areas
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Integrating Existing Qualitites
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
King Jack Park is located in the most optimal and central location of Webb City. Surrounding the park are residential houses. To the north is downtown, an area with a great deal of activity. Further to the west lies Madison Avenue, which is the location of fast growing commercial businesses.
Fig 2.104: Map of the existing King Jack Park. Fig 2.105: Map of the existing King Jack Park in relation to the rest of Webb City.
I NTE GRATI ON The integration of all aspects of Webb City is what will impact King Jack Park. Everything from residences, local businesses, and large commercial business will help bring people to Webb City and to King Jack Park. King Jack Park's centrally location creates the foundation for a successful future. Highways such as Interstates 44 and 49, Highway 249, and Highway 171 will all increase the circulation to both Webb City and King Jack Park in the future.
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T RAFFIC MAIN POINTS •
Highway 171
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MAdison Avenue
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School Zones
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Acts as Barrier
The city is located between major highways that connect it to nearby cities like Carthage and Joplin. Historic Route 66 runs through the community and attracts visitors throughout the year. Overall these different highways and roads need to be evaluated and designed to accommodate a pedestrian and cyclist trail network that is safe and convenient.
Fig 2.106: Figure one shows the main streets of Webb City. Fig 2.107: This is what 171 looks like connecting into Webb City. Fig 2.108: Image of what highway 171's sign looks like.
H IG H WA Y 171 The main source of traffic in Webb City is located on Highway 171. This is the city's main vehicular circulation arterial. Once leaving Webb City, Highway 171 becomes a part of Interstate 49. Highway 171 connects to another main northsouth traffic arterial through Joplin and Webb City, Madison Avenue. Highway 171 is most traveled east-west roadway in Webb City and divides the community in half. The traffic on Highway 171 and Madison Avenue makes it extremely difficult and dangerous for pedestrians and cyclist to cross.
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INTRODUCTION
MAD ISO N
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Madison Street branches off of Highway 171 to the south of Webb City and becomes Rangeline Road as it travels through Joplin. Webb City's main commercial district is located along Madison Avenue. Many large commercial franchises are located along Madison Street. These franchises consist of businesses like Culvers, Walmart, and many gas stations. Madison is one of the busiest streets in Webb City due to the amount of commercial businesses in this particular area of Webb City.
LI MI TATIONS Traffic has both positive and negative attributes. One positive attribute is an active economy. It also has many negative attributes. Highway 171 and Madison Street both have heavy traffic, and with that traffic volume limitations start to occur. Highway 171 is the busiest street in Webb City because it is the main commuting corridor and a primary connector to Interstate-49. This traffic volume creates challenges for King Jack Park, of which the most serious is the unsafe pedestrian and cyclist access between King Jack Park and historic downtown. The current the Highway 171 barrier is serving as a disadvantage for development of the park. Fig 2.109: An example of multiple circulation sources in a dense area. Fig 2.110: An example of how cross walks can be incorporated in a downtown area. Fig 2.111: An example of how bike lanes can be incorporated without interfering
Another road that must be considered is historic Route 66. Improvements to the downtown and the historic route will bring new business to the city, but it will also increase the traffic in the downtown area. However, the location of Route 66 does not create any limitations for King Jack Park. Madison Street is a heavily traveled arterial that runs through Webb City's main commercial area. This arterial corridor is not suited for convenient and safe pedestrians or cyclist use. Because of the sprawl of the city and the barriers created by the main arterials to pedestrian and cyclist movement, the car is the dominant transportation mode in Webb City. Although Madison Street does have a significant impact on the accessibility of movement for pedestrians and cyclists within Webb City, it has direct effects upon King Jack Park. Traffic is a variable that will need to be addressed in the design of King Jack Park. The traffic limitations create challenges that will have to be resolved.
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Fig 2.112: This picture above shows the major floor plain bounding Webb City, with areas of concern mostly located to the north and south Fig 2.113: The picture to the bottom right shows Sunset Creek Park, one of the parks that is within the flood plain area.
FLO O D P LAI N MAIN POINTS •
Flood plains in the region are mostly to the outskirts besides Sunset Creek
•
Some areas of water flow go through King Jack Park, including Paradise Lake and the former Sucker Flats
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mine
The flood plains within Webb City's regional area are located more towards the outskirts of the city limits, with the exception of Sunset Creek and its adjacent park that runs through the northwest quadrant of Webb City. This drainage corridor continues to the former Sucker Flats Lake area. Some of the drainage also flows through Paradise Lake in the middle of King Jack Park and through to the southern areas of the park.
ST O RM-W AT ER MAIN POINTS •
A history of 8 major floods have been categorized as natural disasters within the region.
•
Storm-water Map & Management methods needs to be carefully considered in the next 30 years.
A Webb City Storm Water Map exists, but needs to be updated to include recent infrastructure additions. Efforts to complete a GIS mapping of storm water assets have increased since the 2010-2011 reporting period. Concerns are addressed on a reported basis. Construction sites are being monitored by the Building Inspection Department as well as the Storm Water Manager. Storm water runoff must be considered as the EPA fills in Sucker Flats Mine.
Fig 2.114: View of flood plain drainage area to the south of Paradise Lake Fig 2.115: The picture belows shows the sharp drop off into Sucker Flats Lake, an area close to the actual drainage coming from Sunset Creek and the flood plain to the north.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
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C O M MERCI AL & RE SI DE NTI AL MAIN POINTS •
Main Street
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Madison Avenue
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Highway 171
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Residential
The primary streets in Webb City are Main Street, Madison Street, and Highway 171. Most of the commercial businesses are located along these heavily traveled streets. The residential areas surround the commercial, schools, churches, and parks.
Fig 2.116: The above image is an illustration of downtown commercial life Fig 2.117: A CCS team diagram showing commericial & residential areas in Webb City Fig 2.118: A picture showing a sign of Main Street
COM M ER CIA L : M A IN S T R EET Main Street extends north from Highway 171 and King Jack Park through the historic downtown. Along Main Street are many locally owned businesses and buildings of architectural significance; like the Middle West Hotel and Minerva's Candy Shop. The buildings along the street are mostly 1-2 stories tall with several 3-5 story structures located at the heart of downtown. Main Street is a two way street with generous size traffic lanes and diagonal parking. Traffic along the street is not a problem, nor is parking with the recent addition of public parking lots. Historic Route 66 crosses Main Street in the heart of the downtown providing an important historic connector and tourism attractor in the city center.
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INTRODUCTION
C O MM ERC IAL : MAD ISO N & 171
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Madison Street and Main Street are prime commercial areas in Webb City, MO. These very busy streets are lined with multiple restaurants, gas stations, banks, grocery stores, and other types of commercial buildings. In the past few years, these commercial areas have begun to extend outside the city limits. These streets will continue to grow and become more congested because of their connection to surrounding residential areas and neighboring communities.
RE SI DE NT IA L The majority of Webb City's older residential areas developed around the city center. The newer neighborhoods are developing following the suburban model. These newer homes tend to be one or two story homes located on larger lots. Most of the newer suburban development is occurring to the north and south of Webb City and often beyond the city limits. Outside of Webb City's city limits the houses are more disperse throughout the surrounding farm land
Fig 2.119: Walmart is a typical commercial chain that is in Webb City. Fig 2.120: Fifth avenue and Madison avenue. A commercial and business street crossing. Fig 2.121: An example of types of houses one would see in Webb City's residential area.
There are a few suburban areas being developed around King Jack Park as well. These need to be addressed specifically in the park's design. Walking and bike trails should connect though these residential areas and connect to the parks throughout the city. The city of Webb City is roughly comprised of 10,000 people and about 4,000 households. As new housing is added following the suburban model, we foresee problems occurring due to the rising cost of fuel. The citizens will experience a longer commute time to work and to acquire goods and services, which will impinge upon their household budgets. The city will be required to extend its infrastructure for roads, water, gas, electricity, and sewer services, as well as its budget for police, fire protection, and medical responders.
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Fig 2.122: Map of the five parks in Webb City each with their own 4 block radius shown.
4 Block Radius of Parks MAIN POINTS •
Radius of each park shown
•
Purpose of showing radii
•
Advantages of connections
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This map shows the five parks in Webb City: King Jack Park, Memorial Park, Hall Street Park, Sunset Creek Park, and Hatten Park. Superimposed over each park is a 4 block radius circle. Each circle represents an approximate ¼ mile radius of 5 minute walk from center to edge. Because of King Jack Park's size, there is a 4 block radius at both the north and south ends of the park. The advantage of seeing the parks displayed in this manner is that it provides a sense of time and distance between the parks. A few of the circles overlap, allowing the people in the overlapping areas more park options. What is apparent from the diagram is that several neighborhoods are well served by the city park system, while others are not well served at all. We recommend that neighborhood parks be developed throughout the community so that no citizen has to walk longer than 5 minutes to get to a park.
INTRODUCTION
T rails in W ebb C ity MAIN POINTS •
Placement of walking trails
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Connection of trails
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King Jack Park’s walking trail
Webb City needs to develop its trail system throughout the community so that citizens can easily access the city parks, schools, and city center. Sidewalks throughout the city should be upgraded to assure accessibility for all individuals. Where sidewalks do not exist, they should be added. All new developments should include sidewalks as part of their infrastructure investment. The city should also explore all possibilities of connecting its city trail system to the Ruby Jack Trail system so that citizens can gain easy access to that 16-mile trail running north of the community. The extension of all regional trail systems should be promoted by the City of Webb City to increase cyclist opportunities in southwest Missouri. The cyclist population is an active and growing segment of the population that could easily be drawn to the rich historic context and amenities of Webb City if they were made accessible via an integrated trail network. The walking and jogging trail in King Jack Park is the largest trail of its kind in Webb City. The trail system within King Jack Park should be expanded and enhanced to encourage even greater use. A city center trail system should be developed that would link the city parks together. The city center trail system should also provide connections northward to the Ruby Jack Trail and southwards into Joplin.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 2.123: Map of Webb City with parks and walking trails shown. Fig 2.124: Map of King Jack Park with existing walking trails. Fig 2.125: Group of people walking on a trail.
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EXIST IN G BUI LDI NGS & SCULPTURE S MAIN POINTS •
Kneeling Miner
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Mining Days Building
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Parks & Recreation Office
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The Praying Hands
King Jack Park has many buildings and sculptures located with it; listed are a few of those features. These include the Kneeling Miner and Praying Hands sculptures, Mining Days Building, Amphitheater, and Parks and Recreation Department office. All of these features are located at the north end of the park.
Fig 2.126: The sign that sits in front of the Miner sculpture telling its history. Fig 2.127: The Kneeling Miner sculpture located at the entrance of King Jack Park. Fig 2.128: The Mining Days building located on the west of King Jack Park.
T H E KNEEL ING M INER The bronze Kneeling Miner sculpture memorializes Webb City's strong mining history and is located at the entry to the King Jack Park. The Dawson Heritage Foundation commissioned the miner and dedicated it during the Mining Days Celebration in September 2006. The Kneeling Miner, and the adjacent Praying Hands sculpture, is located on either side of the Sucker Flats Lake/Mine. Sucker Flats Lake has for years been a major landmark in the community and reminder of the city's former mining days. Currently, Sucker Flats is being filled as part of the EPA Superfund Program. When the project is completed the front portion of King Jack Park will no longer have the lake and the ground will be level,
M INING D A YS B U IL D ING "The Mining Days Event Center is the parks newest indoor park facility. The 1200 square foot building offers seating for up to 160 people and is available for parties, weddings, and meetings. The facility comes equipped with a full service kitchen, tables and chairs, and guest parking for 100 vehicles." The building can be rented for festivities, meetings, or parties. The building is currently occupying the west side of the park and sits next to Sucker Flats Lake. The interior of the center is made up of wooden laminate posts and beams. The exterior material is stone, and wood.
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PARKS & RE CR EA T ION OFFICE The parks office is located at the Highway 171 entrance to King Jack Park in the rebuilt Prosperity Junction Train Depot. This building sits adjacent to the Sucker Flats Lake, which is currently being filled in by the EPA. This office contains space for the Parks and Recreation Director, staff work space, and storage. The Parks and Recreation Director is responsible for the city park planning, recreational programs, park activities, and upcoming special park events and the management of King Jack Park, Memorial Park, Hatten Park, Hall Street Park, and Sunset Creek Park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 2.129: The parks office located behind the trolley tracks. Fig 2.130: Views from the trolley to Sucker Flats Lake. Fig 2.131: An image of the praying hands located on the north-east of King Jack Park.
PRAYIN G HAN D S The Praying Hand sculpture is a landmark in Webb City, as well as for surrounding communities. It is located in the northwest corner of King Jack Park adjacent to Highway 171 and Sucker Flat Lake. After climbing the small grassed hill upon which the sculpture stands, the visitor has a prominent view of the city, park and, currently, Sucker Flats Lake below.
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EXIST IN G BUI LDI NGS & SCULPTURE S MAIN POINTS •
Amphitheatre
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Georgia City Bridge
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Farmers’ Market
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Trolley Barn
Other buildings and structures within the park include the Amphitheater, Mining Days Event Center, Farmers Market Pavilion, the trolley barn and steel bridge crossing Paradise Lake. The Farmers Market Pavilion is by far the most use facility in King Jack Park. The trolley barn houses the historic 1920's trolley. While the steel bridge over Paradise Lake is one of the oldest remaining steel bridges in Missouri.
Fig 2.132: The structure of the amphitheater Fig 2.133: The amphitheater's pavilion Fig 2.134: The outdoor seating of the amphitheater.
A M P H IT H EA T ER The Amphitheater sits in front of the Mining Days Event Center next to Sucker Flats Lake. Many activities can take place under this pavilion. Some of these activities include weddings, concerts, plays, and outdoor meetings. This facility can be rented by contacting the Parks & Recreation office. The uncovered Amphitheater sits approximately 250 people. Additional seating is available on the sloping lawn surrounding the bleachers. The background of the Amphitheater is, currently, Sucker Flat Lake. The structure of the Amphitheater stage is made of laminated wooden arches, similar to the Mining Days Event Center.
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GE O RG I A CI T Y BRID G E
TROLLEY B A R N
The Georgia City Bridge was designed and built in 1871 by Wrought Iron Bridge Co. It is made of wrought iron and its structure is a series of trusses. It spans 120 feet and its total length is 218 feet. It is located on Paradise Lake in the middle of King Jack Park. This is one of Missouri's oldest steel bridges. It was brought to Webb City in 1996 and placed in King Jack Park in 2006.
The Trolley Barn is located next to the parks department offices. It is called the #1 trolley barn and is home to the restored 1920's Number 60 Southwest Missouri Electric Railroad Association's trolley. The trolley carries passengers on a circular 1 mile track inside the park for special events and programs. This area is where the trolley is worked on by employees of the Webb City Parks Department. This provides another reference to the history of Webb City and the days when it uses trolley cars.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 2.135: Looking across Georgia City Bridge Fig 2.136: Looking at Georgia City Bridge and Paradise Lake. Fig 2.137:1920's Number 20 Trolley located inside of the Trolley barn. Fig 2.138: A view of the Farmers Market during business.
FARMERS M ARK ET The Farmers Market near the Highway 171 entrance to King Jack Park. The market is open Thursday through Sunday year round. The market is a producer-seller market. Everything sold in the market is locally produced by members of Webb City and surrounding cities. The sellers have a variety of goods that include fresh produce, local meats, herbs, jams, and jellies. The market typically provides music under the pavilion and meals for purchase. The market was founded in the year 2000 and continues to grow every year. It currently has more than 55 vendors from around the city and surrounding cities. Eat Local - Eat Fresh.
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EXIST IN G ROADS MAIN POINTS •
Main Street
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Pennsylvania Avenue
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Dawson Street
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Trolley Tracks
Some of the existing roads in King Jack Park are Main Street, Tract Street, Pennsylvania Avenue, and Dawson Drive. Some of these streets directly enter into the park and some run along the perimeter of the park. The current entry points into the park are from Main Street, Pennsylvania Street, and Hall Street.
S U R R OU ND ING S T R EET S King Jack Park is located in the center of Webb City. Pennsylvania Avenue bisects King Jack Park and connects the residential areas on either side off the park with the park. Currently, Pennsylvania Avenue serves as the primary vehicular access route through the park. The front, main entrance to the park is from Highway 171 at Main Street. As Main Street enters King Jack Park it intersects with Tracy Street. Tracy Street comes from the east and connects to Hall Street. Tracy Street parallels Highway 171 across the north side of Sucker Flats Lake.
Fig 2.139: The water tower located to the north-west of King Jack Park. Fig 2.140: Main Street Sign Fig 2.141: Pennsylvania Avenue Street Sign.
Dawson Street is located just south of the Mining Days Event Center. Surrounding neighborhoods often use this road to get to the park, the event center, or Amphitheater. Connected to Dawson Street is the parking lot for these facilities. The only street to the south side of the park is Pennsylvania Avenue, which continues across the park and connects to Ware Street. Ware Street is also surrounded by many residential homes and serves as a secondary entrance into the park. A southern entrance to the park and recreational facilities is also located off of Hall Street. This street gets a lot of traffic due to the recreational activities that happen at the south end of the park.
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E PA R OA D The EPA road was developed to fill in the Sucker Flats Mine Lake, the old mine shaft located at the front of King Jack Park. The mine shaft that Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is currently filling in is 100 feet deep and 60 feet deep from water level to the bottom. The EPA is now working with Webb City to clean up the site. The EPA estimates that the work will be finished sometime in 2015. The EPA service road that will remain will be used as the main park road through the King Jack Park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 2.142: The EPA road construction side. Fig 2.143: Another view of the EPA road construction Fig 2.144: The interior of 1920's number 20 Trolley. Fig 2.145:The trolley tracks that cross through King Jack Park.
T RO L L EY T RAC K S The trolley tracks loop around the front half of King Jack Park. They are used by the refurbished 1920's trolley that was purchased circa 2005. The restored early 1920's trolley, Old No. 60, is mounted on a 1.1 mile track and brings a nostalgic experience right out of the tristate mining and post-mining days of Webb City to riders of all ages. This gives a unique experience to the users of King Jack Park. This trolley and its tracks are used for seasonal events like the Polar Bear Express that take place in King Jack Park. These tracks reference to King Jack's history of mass transit.
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REGIONAL RAILROAD SYSTEM MAIN POINTS •
What a regional rail system is and what it can do
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The past railway in southwest Missouri
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Reintroduction of the railway and its benefits
Generally, a regional railroad will make more stops along an allotted route than a regular passenger train. The purpose of such railroads is to connect areas within a city and neighboring cities together. Unlike a trolley system, which might only transport people throughout the city limits, a regional railroad would transport people through numerous cities. When it comes to Webb City, a regional railroad system could cover a distance between Tulsa and Springfield with the main traffic focusing around Webb City.
Fig 2.146: Historic trolley map of Missouri-Kansas district. Fig 2.147: Rail car used on the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway. Fig 2.148: Map of the historic Southwest Missouri Electric Railway.
PAST RAILROAD SYSTEM The Southwest Missouri Electric Railway established by Alfred H. Rogers in 1893, covered a route between Joplin, Webb City, Carterville, Lakeside Park, Carthage, and other points to the east. The entire railway included over 94 miles of track through three states. As private ownership of motorized vehicles increased, the used of the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway dwindled. In 1925, the company began phasing out of the railway system and phasing into the use buses. The main offices that ran the railway at the time were located in downtown Webb City. This was because the center of the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway was located in Webb City.
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INTRODUCTION
REINTRODUCING THE RAILROAD
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Back in the late 1800's, the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway was set up to transport people between cities in southwest Missouri. What ultimately destroyed the railway was the development of the private automobile. Eventually, streets connected the cities in ways the railway could not. At the time all seemed well because the transportation from city to city was still available, just on a personal level. But what no one could have predicted at the time was the depletion of the oil resources and the resulting rising fuel cost. The idea of reintroducing the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway envisions reconnecting the cities throughout southwest Missouri with a transportation system that is more sustainable and cost effective than the evolving fossil fuel automobile system.
Fig 2.149: Map of railway that could be used to reestablish the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway. Fig 2.150: Map of where the reintroduced railway would connect to Park
With the development of a pedestrian and cyclist trail system and reintroduction of the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway, there would be a dramatic decrease in the consumption of fossil fuel and the generation of greenhouse gases. Since the price of fossil fuels will continue to rise, it is wise to consider establishing multimodal transportation systems between Webb City and the other cities in southwest Missouri. As the cost of car ownership continues to rise, we will see a reduction in the number of car miles driven and an increase in multimodal transportation use and ridership. Not only could the reintroduction of the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway connect Webb City to the surrounding cities, it could also increase the presence of King Jack Park within the region. An area of the former railway runs next to King Jack Park and might be redeveloped to serve as a new entrance into Webb City. From the King Jack Park Depot in the southeast corner of the park, passengers could transfer to the Webb City trolley system and travel into town. The fact that the price of fossil fuel is increasing is not negative, rather it is something positive that will encourage communities to think creatively about new, or old, modes of sustainable transportation.
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AC T IV E - PASSI VE MAIN POINTS •
Analysis of PArk
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Study of Active Activities
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Study of PAssive Activities
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Determining where to place passive and active activities
King Jack Park is the only municipal park in Webb City and is for use and enjoyment of all the citizens. Because of this, a study was undertaken to better understand the different types of activities that existed in King Jack Park, identify areas for growth or diversification, and identify activities and areas that need to be developed.
Fig 2.151: Two children being active on soccer fields representing active activities. Fig 2.152: The current active and passive activities within the park.
D IFFER ENT Z ONES There are three distinct areas within King Jack Park: 1. The Active Zone to the south and east, which includes the sports fields, ball courts, rodeo arena, and farmers market 2. The Passive Zone to the central and southeast side of the park, which includes the trails, lakes, and vegetated areas 3. The Entrance Zone, which is all of the park to the north of the Pennsylvania Avenue. This area has the greatest potential for connection to the downtown, development of passive and active events, and the promotion of the Mining Days Events Center
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N A T H AN IEL G REEN E PARK ST UDY MAIN POINTS •
Park Study
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Pedestrian Circulation
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Vehicular Circulation
Nathaniel Greene Park in Springfield, MO was studied as a precedent for King Jack Park. The park analysis examined the vehicular and pedestrian circulation, entrance, exit, activity locations, parking, walking trails, and active and passive zones.
GARDE NS (PAS S IVE S P A CES ) LAKE S / WATER FEA T U R ES VE HI CULAR CIR CU L A T ION PE DE STRI AN CIR CU L A T ION PAR KING
Fig 2.153: Legend showing activities within Nathaniel Greene Park. Fig 2.154: Map of Nathaniel Greene Park.
E X I STI NG STRUCTU R ES / B U IL D ING S
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS ASSETS CHALLENGES RESEARCH IMAGE STUDY CONTEXT ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
APPLI CA T ION In the next 30 years, King Jack Park may need to adjust where its activities are located to account for future population growth and lifestyle changes. At some point, the possible relocation of all active events from their current location may occur, creating a new plan for King Jack Park that promotes nature, passive activities, and more pedestrian and bike friendly travel throughout. As the park grows and further studies are done, the possibility of moving the current activities, as well as enhancing them, should be considered. The ultimate goal is to provide a park that is responsive to the current needs of the people of Webb City at any given point in time. In Nathaniel Greene Park, components like the different natural and man-made areas are particular to place, each speaking of environmental and ecological concerns that have been adapted to the local climate of Springfield. Though these areas do not include entirely native plantings, they are integrated in the landscape and spaces so as to tell a story of both the park and the events that take place therein. These areas include the Japanese Flower Garden and planting area, which is a space that is very much about the seasons and the color, textures, shading, and surfaces that change over time. These changes tell a story of both the events that take place there and the plantings themselves. In King Jack Park, stories can be created using a similar method and ideas towards ecologies, circulation, events, and programming.
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COMMUNITY MEETINGS VISIONING KING JACK PARK
C O MM U N ITY ME E TI NG 08/26/2013 MAIN POINTS •
TRENDS
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ANALYSIS OF SITE
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IMAGE STUDY
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ENTRANCE STUDY
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RESEARCH
This community meeting was the team's first meeting with the community. At this meeting many topics were addressed. We discussed upcoming trends: including Active Living, fuel cost, healthy lifestyle initiative, and Smart Growth. We looked at image and entrance studies. We analyzed the current site. We also did some general research about events and activities, farmers markets, Webb City's history, trails, bridges, and parking. This was the starting point of the basis of the design.
Fig 3.1: The title page of the first community meeting presentation. Fig 3.2 & 3.3. Image suggesting active living and healthy lifestyle initiatives. Fig 3.4: A chart of increasing commuting in schools due to gas. Fig 3.5: A chart documenting oil cost. Fig 3.6: Another example of active living in a community.
T R END S National and regional trends that would affect Webb City and the communities of southwest Missouri were discussed with the community members. These trends included: the impact of rising fossil fuel cost, Active Living and how Webb City could become a more active community, the Healthy Lifestyle Initiative, and the advantages of following Smart Growth planning principles. At the meeting each topic was presented and a discussion facilitated with the community members.
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INTRODUCTION
IMAG E & EN T RAN C E
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS 08/26/2013 09/02/2013 11/05/2013 COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
This portion of the community presentation discussed strategies related to King Jack Park's entrance and image. The entrance strategies examined different ways that the park's entrance could be signified using signage, bridges, and monuments. The park image analysis looked at Red Ribbon Park, Seaside Florida, and Park De La Villette. This image and entrance research was presented to the community members to illustrate the conceptual ideas. These ideas, more than anything, provided the community with a new way to envision King Jack Park and the potential range of issues involved in the park's design.
RE SE A R CH The team's initial research assessment of Webb City and King Jack Park was presented to the community to validate its accuracy and the team understands of the problem issues. Of particular importance was the history of Webb City and King Jack Park.
Fig 3.7: An image of Red Ribbon Park. An image study precedent. Fig 3.8: A historical image from Webb City archives used in the research phases. Fig 3.9: A map showing challenges in the analysis portion of the design.
AN ALYSIS During the community meetings we assisted the community members in assessing the assets and challenges of King Jack Park. This ranged from the parks locations within the city, its image, the role of the park in the community's heritage, the current use of the park and how well the active and passive activities and zones of the park were working, and what qualities and attributes they wishes the park could develop over the next twenty years. From this analysis the team developed a deeper understanding of the community's values and priorities.
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C O MM U N ITY ME E TI NG 09/22/13 MAIN POINTS •
Defining a mission statement
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“Connecting the park to the street”
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“Centralizing important activities”
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“Using the landscapes to tell a story”
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“Mixing the park and urban contexts”
The second community meeting comprised of each team member presenting their own individual vision for the design of King Jack Park. Each vision held its own significant strengths, and each of the visions picked up on many similar topics and trends. We began the presentation by explaining why we were there and explaining that our visions responded to the growth of Webb City within the next thirty years by looking broadly at the region,city, Healthy lifestyle initiatives, and future trends.
Fig 3.10: Diagram showing the how extending Main connects downtown and the park Fig 3.11: Diagram showing how the urban and park can mix into one another Fig 3.12: Diagram showing how certain activities in the park become centralized Fig 3.13: Master Plan focusing on connecting the park and downtown with Main St Fig 3.14: Master Plan focusing on Landscapes telling a story
FIR S T VIS ION Each team member presented a common mission statement which formed the basis of their visions. The mission statement included such variables as: interconnectivity, promoting healthy lifestyles, relocating activities, and uniting the community. The first vision proposed extending Main Street and other major streets through the park so that King Jack Park would become, in a way, an extension of Main Street and Downtown. This main design intention responds to such future trends as rising fuel costs and local regionalism and seeks to promote the renewal of Webb City's downtown and reestablish it as the primary focal point within the community.
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INTRODUCTION
SEC O N D V ISIO N
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS 08/26/2013 09/02/2013 11/05/2013 COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
The second vision sought to create centralized active spaces within the park around which support spaces would be clustered. These centralized activity spaces included the farmers market and a historic reference to the former site of Sucker Flats Lake. This organization created an active zone at the front of the park and a more passive area towards the back of the park. This design also references to the historic aspects of the park by manipulating the chat piles and constructing them in new ways to emphasis important areas in the park. The design also extends the park over MacArthur to create a safer pedestrian crossing.
Fig 3.15: Detailed Plan showing how certain activities become centralized Fig 3.16: Master Plan focusing on Bringing Urban Features into the park
LAST VI SI ONS & CONCLU S ION The third vision explored how landscapes can tell a story using both built and natural features. The design took an in-depth look at how different tree and plant species could be used as materials to construct spaces with unique and specific emotional qualities. These park features could work together to tell a story or work autonomously to create unique areas within the park.. The last of the four visions explored the relocation of park activities. The main intention involved locating components of the city within the park and components of the park within the urban context. The design transformed Main Street into a pedestrian greenway that ran through downtown and the park. The design also placed restaurants, coffee shops, and other urban features within the park along the Main Street Greenway. In conclusion, the community was drawn to different strengths of each vision. Many community members were in favor of incorporating Main Street with the park in some way. Nearly all community members were in favor of using different tree and plant species along with other natural features to help narrate a story within the park and many community members liked the idea of locating urban elements within the park. The design team was then challenged to take the strengths of each of the visions and to create a new design vision that reflected those strengths without becoming a collage of the previous four designs.
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PARK COMPONENTS The Mining Days Building has not been relocated, however the land has been bermed up around it to create a lookout area near the building that resembles one of the old mine chat piles. The amphitheater also stay but has been transformed into a Multifunction Pavilion, a new enlarged Amphitheater that fit more into the natural landscape of the park was design near Paradise Lake. This new Amphitheater has earth terraced seating instead of hard seating to give the Amphitheater a more natural feel. The ball fields to the south have been moved out of King Jack Park and the area has been allowed to return to it natural state, where a conservation area has been created. This conservation area has been designed with extensive paths close to unmanaged nature, where there is an opportunity to learn about
Fig 3.17: New Praying Hands that holds a higher sense of importance. Fig 3.18: Detailed plan of the historical reference of Sucker Flat Mine. Fig 3.19: Farmers' Market perspective with the new features. Fig 3.20: Conservation area with natural plants and many paths. Fig 3.21: Orchard area that extends trees from the avenue in a continued grid layout.
PARK COMPONENTS
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The Praying Hands sculpture is very important landmarks/memorial to the citizens of Webb City. As such it should be displayed in a more honorable fashion within King Jack Park. The final vision proposal the Praying Hands sculpture has been enhanced by creating a terraced earth and stone processional that wraps around the sculpture and leads you to the top where a new water feature has been added. Perhaps the most discussed programmatic feature during the design process was the Farmers' Market. The new design tripled the current space for the Farmers' Market by adding pavilions at each end of the current structure to create a U shaped multipurpose Events Center. This allowed for activities to occur in the middle of the buildings while the Farmers Market is in progress. Access to the Event Center has been dramatically increased with parking to the north and south of the Event Center, thus making access via car, bike, and walking extremely easy. Because of Sucker Flat Lake/Mine's historical impact on Webb City, the lake area was outlined by walking paths with earth berms and planters to focus the circulation towards the middle where the Kneeling Miner statue has been relocated. In this way, the history of Sucker Flats Lake and Webb City's mining history has been referenced in a way that make it the focal point of King Jack Park.
INTRODUCTION
Community Meeting 3 (11/05/2013) MAIN POINTS •
The previous four concepts
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New comprehensive concept
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Details of specific areas
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Park features
During the third community meeting, the four previous concepts were recapped. 1. The first was the idea of having a main tree line avenue. This would make the main road in the park more emphasis and show off its importance. 2. The second concept was integrating nature and what is man-made. In this way, there could be a sense of unifying nature and what is manmade. 3. The third concept created a landscape that tells a story. Having the park feel like a progression and a narrative would provide the experience desired. 4. The fourth concept was the idea of referencing history. It is very important to reference the history in King Jack Park and doing that in a way that provides a place to gather and reflect on this history. 5. After coming together and using all four of these ideas, a comprehensive design was created.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS 08/26/2013 09/02/2013 11/05/2013 COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
The Comprehensive Design The final team's vision for King Jack Park tells a story through the way you enter the park and city. Depending on how you enter the town and via which transportation mode, a different story is told. The motorist on MacArthur Boulevard would experience King Jack Park differently than a person who walks to the park. To achieve this design concept, we analyzed how different design interventions to MacArthur Boulevard would effect this arrival experience: whether a pedestrian bridge, splitting the boulevard, or tunneling underneath would be the best and safest way to cross and enter the park. After extensive analysis, the design team chose to raise MacArthur Boulevard ten feet and lower the earth under the road ten feet to create a pedestrian/cyclist underpass. This design strategy opens up a large area under the road that will serves as a grand pedestrian/ cyclist entrance that is more park extension than a tunnel. By doing this it would provide the motorist with the feeling that they were driving within King Jack Park as they passed over the raised area with the enhanced view of the park on both sides of MacArthur Boulevard. In addition, the pedestrians and cyclists that travel under MacArthur Boulevard will not experience the road as a physical barrier, but rather they will perceive King Jack Park as an extension of the city center. Furthermore, this pedestrian and cyclist entrance is located in a more centralized position in the park and more appropriately celebrates ones arrival to the park.
Fig 3.22: Concept diagram that shows program and phase elements. Fig 3.23: The new comprehensive master plan of King Jack Park. Fig 3.24: Perspective of MacArthur Blvd(171) passageway.
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COMPREHENSIVE VI SION FOR KING JACK PARK
Ke y Point s
MAST ERP LAN MAIN POINTS •
PARK NARRATIVES
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LANDSCAPE TELLS A STORY
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PAST, PRESENT, and FUTURE ACTIVITIES BASED ON LOCATION
The King Jack Park Masterplan is the result of an extensive study into both the existing assets of the park and community feeback. From this study the CCS team designed a comprehensive view of how the park could develop in the next 30 years. This plan was designed in a series of phases and was developed to reflect the character of Webb City while promoting healthy lifestyles, urban sustainability, and telling the story of this unique place.
Below are some of the key areas of masterplans with each area numbered.
the
1. North Side Park Expansion 2. Underpass 3. Praying Hands Monument 4. Memorial Space 5. Multi-Purpose Pavilion 6. Mining Days Building 7. Transition Area and Hills 8. Amphitheater 9. Orchard 10. Lake Area 11. Trolley Barn Workshop 12. Fishing Pavilion 13. Conservation Area 14. Nature Center 15. Future Rail Station & Welcome Center 16. South Entrance
CONCEP T
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The concept for the King Jack Park Masterplan really involved looking how a park could begin to tell a story, how it could reveal parts of history or a community while allowing a framework for new stories to develop. Moreover, the masterplan was designed to support educational, economic, and social opportunities. Plantings, paths, and natural processes can all tell a story. When flowers bloom in the spring, when grasses grow and create new spaces, or when the trees change color in the fall, people associate these feelings and actions with memories and places. The masterplan takes individuals through a story of Webb City while allowing the park to change over time and reflect new ideas while meeting new needs.
INTRODUCTION
Fig 4.1: CCS team's proposed masterplan for King Jack park Fig 4.2: CCS Programming diagram for King Jack Park Fig 4.3: CCS density diagram relating to proposed masterplan
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN EXISTING PLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
PROGR A M A R EA S Park Programming through the proposed CCS team masterplan was done through examining both the existing activities, future trends, and community needs and desires. The order that was established is seen in the diagram on the left, where the park was imagined as a series of activities that become more passive as you move south. Where the north part of the park enjoys more rigid and active programming, the south was intentionally designed for more natural, passive, and future programs. The programming reflects the masterplan's central idea of creating a narrative park. Programming was combined or seperated to tell different stories. For example, what happens when an ice skating pond is the backdrop of an amphitheater? Or if you stagger active and passive programs, does a new story unfold as you walk, run, or bike through the park? The programming was designed to be loose, not a rigid plan for the next 30 years. In many cases the design refelcts a desire to provide spaces that can change, adapt, and be used in new ways as the community itself changes from generation to generation. But the program can also advocate. Webb City can promote interconnectivity at both a regional and national scale. King Jack Park and its program can be part of this, with a welcome rail station, large park events, and new park infrastrcuture that allows programs to draw people to the park and city. This also allows new economic and social functions to develop.
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SPORTS FIELDS One of the most used areas of King Jack Park is the current ball field and rodeo grounds located at the south end of the park. These fields are used by many of Webb City's sports programs throughout the year. This area of King Jack Park currently attracts more people to the park on an annual basis than any other activities. It was mentioned that one day the sports complex in the south of King Jack Park will be move to a new location within the city. When that occurs the south end of the park will be opened up for future park programming.
Fig 4.4: Webb City sports complex in King Jack Park. Fig 4.5: Current master plan of King Jack Park.
EXISTING MASTER PLAN MAIN POINTS •
EPA clean up taking place in the park
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Existing features of the north and south sides of the park
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Area between north and south sides
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Currently in King Jack Park, the EPA is filling in Sucker Flats Lake as part of the Superfund mine reclamation project. In order to transfer the mine tailings from around the Webb City area to Sucker Flats Lake, the EPA has created a new service road through the park. This service road will be left and will become the new main park road that will connect to Main Street and MacArthur Boulevard. Within the park at the present time are the ball fields at the south end of the park, Paradise Lake in the center of the park, and the Praying Hands Sculpture, Kneeling Miner statue, Parks and Recreation Office, Mining Days Event Center, Amphitheater, trolley barn, and Farmers' Market to the north. The main entry to the park is off of MacArthur Boulevard at Main Street. The park's frontage along MacArthur Boulevard is marginal due to the overgrown vegetation around Sucker Flats Lake and the chat piles. The most active year round feature of the park is the Farmers Market located near the park's entrance.
INTRODUCTION
BIKE TRAILS MAIN POINTS •
Current trails in King Jack Park
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New trails in the park
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Connection and access
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Where the trails go in King Jack Park
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Currently, King Jack Park has no bike trails. The trails in the park are used mainly for walking and running. The new design for King Jack Park proposes numerous bike trails and actual bike lanes on the main park roads. The bike trails in King Jack Park are meant to blend into the newly programmed areas and allow for safe and easy access to all locations. These bike trails should extend outward from King Jack Park and connect to the rest of the community to encourage cyclist to ride to park.
TRAIL LOCATIONS Some of the most common and important areas to have bike trails are around event spaces or through natural areas. Increasing the number of bike trails has allowed for spaces such as the Praying Hands Sculpture, Mining Days Event Center, Farmers' Market, and even the new Amphitheater to all be connected and safely accessible through bike trails. The new conservation areas to the south also include numerous bike trails around the lake and more vegetated section of the park. Having a bike lane on the main road in King Jack Park and allowing bike trails to enter the park on all sides will allow for the desired location in the park to be reached safely and efficiently. Fig 4.6: Detail area of bike trails at the entrance and Praying Hands Sculpture. Fig 4.7: Detail area of bike trails in the Transition Hills. Fig 4.8: Detail area of bike trails in the Conservation Area. Fig 4.9: Section of main avenue that shows bike lane.
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BIKE USE MAIN POINTS •
Benefits of using a bike
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Benefits of a bike lane
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Bike lane design
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Benefits of a bike system
As fossil fuel prices continue to rise and the search for alternative, sustainable energy sources has become a priority, communities need to begin to take a more multimodal approach to transportation. Our society's heavy dependence upon fossil fuel has a negative effect on the economy and environment. We recommend that Webb City develop a network of designated bike lanes throughout the community to provide the citizens with an alternative transportation option that supports the economy and a healthy lifestyle.
Fig 4.10: Example of a bike lane sign. Fig 4.11: Possibility of bike lane integration. Fig 4.12: Example of simple bike lane on a street.
BIKE LANES Riding a bike is both inexpensive and healthy. One way that Webb City can help reduce energy consumption and facilitate healthier lifestyle is by developing a system of bike lanes throughout the city. This could help to reduce the amount of vehicular traffic, increase connectivity among all age groups, and utilize less gas. Bike lanes should connect churches, neighborhoods, within Webb City. The bike the Ruby Jack Trail,
the parks, downtown, schools, retail and business areas system should also extent to Carterville, and Joplin.
BIKE LANE DESIGN
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
The bike lane should be integrated into the street. It designates an area along the street that is strictly for bikers. A reason many people do not feel safe riding on the streets is because they must ride in the car lanes instead of a dedicated bike lane. Establishing the bike system or at least bike lanes on the existing streets can be done easily and simply. By marking off a few feet on each side of the street for bikers and adding bike lane signs and trail maps the city can establish a workable trail system. Further explorations to identify alleyways, public easements, and public property where these trails can also be developed will more fully integrate the bike system throughout the city.
Fig 4.13: Map of designed King Jack Park that shows the parking lots and areas for each. Fig 4.14: Comparison of the designed trolley track and the current trolley track.
BIKE SYSTEM BENEFITS The benefits for having a citywide bike system include a decrease in fuel consumption and emissions, an increase in physical activity and health, and improved social connectivity among the citizens. The bike system could be easily and inexpensively created and begin Webb City's multimodal transportation network.
TROLLEY CIRCULATION MAIN POINTS •
History of the trolley in Webb City
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Current trolley systems
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Plans for the trolley systems
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Details of the expansions
In 1910, Southwest Missouri Electric Railway built a clubhouse for its employees, which was used for passing the time between shifts. It was equipped with showers, beds, card and pool tables. Adjacent to the railroad operations was the site of a large surface mine called the Sucker Flat Mine. Nearby, a second business district developed with several restaurants, retail businesses, and some light industry. Today, a fully restored streetcar still operates in King Jack Park during holiday events in the winter season. Along with the rail car trolley, Webb City recently unveiled a rebuilt thirty six passenger motorized trolley that can be driven on city streets. For the future, the two trolley systems will help enhance the multimodal transportation system and city entertainments grow.
Fig 4.15: Historic trolley in Webb City. Fig 4.16: Current trolley in King Jack Park. Fig 4.17: Repaired motorized trolley. Fig 4.18: View from rail trolley in King Jack Park of the Polar Bear Express.
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TROLLEY SYSTEMS Webb City's current trolley line circles the northern end of King Jack Park around what used to be Sucker Flat Lake/Mine. The trolley is primarily used during the winter season for the “Polar Bear Express”. This event features holiday decorations around the track for entertaining children. The trolley's location as well as its uses allows it to be a potentially more important feature of King Jack Park and Webb City in the future. After the reintroduction of the rail trolley and trolley car, we recommend that a new branch of the trolley system should be developed to transport people around Webb City and to nearby communities. The idea of expanding the trolley system provides Webb City with a positive identity; an identity that references this important historic transportation feature of Webb City past.
INTRODUCTION
PLAN FOR TROLLEY SYSTEMS The trolley systems in King Jack Park and Webb City are notable and can provide an excellent foundation for future growth. These trolley systems should not be just improved; they should be the catalyst for forming new and stronger connections with regional communities. Stretching from King Jack Park, the trolley systems might connect to such cities as Joplin, Carthage, and even as far away as Springfield; and help to broaden Webb City's multimodal transit network.
Fig 4.19: New design for the trolley railroad tracks in King Jack Park. Fig 4.20: Comparison of the designed trolley track and the current trolley track.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
EXPANSION DETAILS The current trolley railroad in King Jack Park travels a 1.1 mile route around the former site of the Sucker Flats Lake. We recommend that the rail line be extended further south to the vicinity of the proposed Amphitheater and Paradise Lake. This will provide a better park experience and link the main event spaces in the park: Praying Hand Sculpture, Miners Days Event Center, Amphitheater, Paradise Lake, and Multipurpose Event Center/Farmers Market. The second phase would be the extension of the trolley systems along Main Street to W. Wood Street, thus connecting downtown and senior housing with King Jack Park. This would allow people going to events in the park to park downtown and ride the trolley to the event. For example, people going to a concert at the Amphitheater could park in the city center and ride to the front entrance to the Amphitheater. After the concert they could catch a ride back into downtown, go to a restaurant, stroll along Main Street, and then drive home. This arrangement would increase the business in the city center and support the park events. We encourage the city to consider the expansion of the trolley systems to extend throughout the community and along Madison Street. If feasible, this would provide a good addition to the city's multimodal transit system. As the trolley system becomes more popular and profitable, the line should be extended to the southeast edge of King Jack Park along the existing railroad. We recommend that this old rail line be explored as a possible regional extension of the Webb City rail system. If this line can be used to connect Webb City to regional communities, then we recommend that a new depot be built at this location.
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P ED EST RI AN CI RCULATI ON MAIN POINTS •
Defined by landscape
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Definition by city grid
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Gridded to natural
In Webb City, the pedestrian circulation is defined by the landscape and grid of the city. In King Jack Park, so to the pedestrian circulation has been ordered by the landscape and grid of the city. As one progresses further into the park this pattern changes because the city grid becomes less. Toward the back of the park, instead of the path defining pedestrian circulation the change in landscaping defines the passageways.
Fig 4.21: An example of how landscape can define space and circulation paths. Fig 4.22: A master plan of King Jack Park with pedestrian circulation highlighted Fig 4.23: A way in which the pathway allows for unique experience of landscape.
D EFINED B Y L A ND S CA P E
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Within King Jack Park the pedestrian paths are defined by the landscape. Near the entry to the park the pathways flow through a formal and manicured lawn/garden area. Secondary paths are defined by the manner in which the landscape has been sculpted or left natural through the use of native plants that reach varying heights and exhibit varying character throughout the year. As one travels towards the south end of the park away from MacArthur Boulevard the paths become less sculpted and more natural in the way that they flow through the landscape. Within the conservation area at the very back of the park, the path are defined by the vegetation completely and create a passive environment where the park user can wander, explore, discover, read a book, or sit quietly.
BRE AKI NG T H E G R ID The conservation area at the south end of the park breaks away from grid expressed in the front of the park. Here are passive spaces; spaces to get away from the everyday, to relax, think, meditate, picnic, bird watch, and explore. The activities and circulation here are less structured. This is an area to stroll aimlessly in nature. Here nature defines the pathways and the experience.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.24: The back of the park's pedestrian circulation. Breaking the grid. Fig 4.25: The front of the park's pedestrian circulation. Fig 4.26: A map of Webb city. This image shows the grid that the city provides.
T HE G RID The front of the park is a place to memorialize the history of Webb City. To clarify that this sight is specific the lines begin to signify major ideas of Webb City's history. The front of the site has a circular pathway that outlines the perimeter of what used to be Sucker Flat Lake. Around this circular pedestrian walkway corresponding grid lines of the city merge into the circular shape. These become other sources of circulation and also begin to provide individual spaces were gardens area created as well as areas to lounge and remember the piece of history that is being framed.
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PARKING MAIN POINTS •
Current parking struggles
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Current parking areas
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Benefits of more parking
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Additional designed parking
Parking in King Jack Park has been an ongoing issue due to the lack of spaces and where those spaces are located. This lack of parking is problematic for the Farmers Market, sporting events, and the Polar Express Train and Christmas Light event. Because of the parking problem people park on the side of the road and in the grass, this causes a hazard and a maintenance problem. Obviously, King Jack Park requires additional parking. However, it is crucial that the parking in the park be done with care to protect the park users and to protect the park's environmental quality. All parking within the park must follow sustainability best practices.
Fig 4.27: Current customer parking situation at the Farmers' Market. Fig 4.28: Current parking situation for vendors at the Farmers' Market.
BENEFITS OF MORE PARKING Currently, and in the future, the car will be one of the modes of transportation for people. Although the trends suggest that in the future we will be driving less and using other multimodal transit options to get around town, convenient and sufficient parking will always be a primary factor in the success of any project. Obviously we do not wish to have the car or the parking lots for those cars to be an obstruction in any way to the visual, physical or psychological experience of the park, however it is necessary to place the parking lots as close to the park event areas as possible. A balance between vehicular access and parking and park enjoyment must be considered at all times; they are interdependent. Parking must be spread sensitively throughout the park, visually buffered, within convenient walking distances from the important destinations, with sufficient handicap parking spaces. The parking for the visitors and the vendors who use the park must also be carefully considered to provide easy access to and pickups from the various venues.
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We also encourage the city and Parks Board to work together to identify ways that the public parking lots in the city center are used during certain events. The more that the city can encourage people to park downtown during these special park events the more it will help the city center businesses. The park's trolley shuttle should be developed to promote this synergistic benefit.
NEW PARKING AREAS
INTRODUCTION
We recommend that the new parking lots be located as close to the event area it is serving as possible. These lots can be decentralized around the event area to minimize the parking lot size; however, the aggregate number of spaces in these various lots must be sufficient to handle the users anticipated at that event site. By spreading the parking throughout the park, it increases accessibility and decreases the obtrusiveness of large lots. These various parking lots should also be seen as connectors or access points in the pedestrian circulation system. These people intense nodes can be used to activate the circulation system. Care must be taken to use the land form, vegetation, and sightlines through the park to minimize the unsightliness of these areas. All parking lot designs must follow sustainable best practices. Specific attention was given to the Multipurpose Event Center parking because this is where the Farmers Market will be housed. We recommend adding several parking lots around the event center: a large lot to the south of the pavilions and a smaller lot to the north of the pavilions. To accommodate vendors in the event center, we have added hard surfaced pedestrian and driving plazas around all of the pavilions. This will allow for the movement of items and goods in and out of the pavilions with ease.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX Fig 4.29: Map of designed King Jack Park that shows the parking lots and areas for each. Fig 4.30: View of the Farmers' Market parking lots.
We suggest that parking be added along Pennsylvania Street near the Praying Hands Sculpture to assist with the parking needs in the front of the park. Besides the Praying Hands Sculpture, this parking also serves the Sucker Flat Lake/Mine historical reference area, the Transition Hills, and the Mining Bays Event Center. Visually shielded by landform and vegetation this parking provides easy and convenient access from Pennsylvania Street to all events at the north end of the park. Currently, the center section of King Jack Park does not have enough activities to require a parking space at this time. However, when the Amphitheater, Trolley Barn, and Orchard are completed several parking lots will be required. We suggest one be located to the west and another to the east of the Amphitheater site. Finally, we believe a third lot should be located adjacent to the Trolley Barn along Main Street. These three lots should be sufficient to accommodate the parking needs in the future for the middle park of the park; so long as the city and Parks Board develops the downtown parking concept during Amphitheater events. Parking for the future Conservation Area is accommodated by two lots: one next to the Nature Center and the other at the new Depot. These dispersed parking lots provide the park users greater flexibility and accessibility within the park. The parking lots are conveniently located, non-intrusive into the park landscape, handicap accessible, and sustainably design to protect the environment. All of the lots can be accessed directly from the perimeter road, thus preserving the central park vistas.
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MAIN ST RE E T OPTI ONS MAIN POINTS •
EPA road option
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Recommended
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Curved
The main park circulation is currently an extension of Main Street, which connects into the new EPA road that has been built. This main park road has been adjusted and extended to work with the park's proposed layout and activities.
OP T ION 1: R ECOM M END ED R OA D
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We recommend that the main park road be an extension of Main Street and the EPA road. This proposed alignment serves as a spine within the park that organizes the park activities to either side. The northern section corresponds to the city grid and the adjacent park service and multipurpose facilities. As it moves through the center part of the park it follows the alignment of the EPA access road and bends to the east. As it moves further south past the EPA park entrance the main park road curves around to the west and once more accentuates the city grid. The park's Main Street is conceived of as a tree line boulevard that flows through the park. In time we envision the trees on either side of the park's Main Street arching over the road and providing a formal processional way. This processional way consists of a series of lanes: two lanes are for cars, one bike lane, a natural grass divider, and the pedestrian path.
OPTI ON 3: E X IS T ING EP A Option three is the most minimalist. The idea of this option is that the EPA service road's location would not change, but merely be extended to connect to Main Street. In option one the lower half of the EPA road was also changed to incorporate a southern entrance into the park. In option three, the southern parkway is not ignored, but there is not a direct connection from it to Main Street. Although option three is the less intrusive parkway idea, it does not provide clear or direct vehicular access throughout the park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Figure 4.31: The complete master plan with recommended roads and streets. Figure 4.32: An image of options 1, the recommended road type. Figure 4.34: An image of option 2, an option with a curved main street. Figure 4.35: An image of option 3, the existing road with minimal changes.
O P T IO N 2: C U RV ED ROAD This option is the most complex option of the three because of its curvilinear alignment that was introduced to slow the vehicular traffic. However, this does create several problems: vehicular and pedestrian sightlines are difficult at some crossings and this scheme requires additional preparation cost because it does not follow the existing EPA service road. The scheme does offer many more excellent sightlines into the park and of the tree line parkway than the other two schemes.
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V EHIC U L A R CI RCULATI ON MAIN POINTS •
MAIN STREET CONTINUED SOUTH
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EXTENDING PENNSYLVANIA STREET THROUGH THE PARK
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MAIN SPINE CONNECTS TO HALL STREET
The main concept of the vehicular circulation is to extend Main Street from Webb City's downtown into and through the park. Additional vehicular circulation around the park is from Pennsylvania Street, Dawson Street, and Tracy Street. These streets connect to residential areas surrounding King Jack Park.
Fig 4.36: A stop sign used for vechicular circulation Fig 4.37: Master plan that highlights vehicular circulation. Fig 4.38. Image of a roadway through a rural Alabama Area
M A IN S T R EET T O T H E P A R K The extension of Main Street into and through King Jack Park was a central conceptual design decision. This connection provides access between the historic downtown and the activities in the park, such as: the Farmers Market, Praying Hands Sculpture, Sucker Flats Memorial, Kneeling Miner Statue Statue, and Amphitheater; all of which are activities one may wish to experience before or after dinner or shopping downtown. By creating this connection, Main Street becomes a spine that runs through the heart of the community and park upon which many of the major activities within Webb City can be found to happen.
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E NTRA NCES The park entrances respond to the existing vehicular circulation and traffic volume. The main entrance to King Jack Park is off of MacArthur Boulevard at Main Street. There are three additional entrances into the park: one each from the east and west residential neighborhoods and one from the south through the conservation area.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.39: An example of how main the parks entrance could start to appear with surrounding vehicular circulation. Fig 4.40: An example of a type of sign-age you may see at the entrance of King Jack Park. Fig 4.41: An example of Bike circulation working alongside Vechicular circulation
SID E T O SID E In addition to the main park way through the park, there is a east-west cross street that allow vehicular traffic to move from side to side of the park and between the adjacent residential neighborhoods. The round-about located at the intersection of Main Street and Pennsylvania Avenue is intended to slow traffic and to add a point of interest along the Main Street processional. Pennsylvania Avenue also creates secondary entrances into King Jack Park at Pennsylvania Street and Hall Street.
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L AN D MARKS (PRAY I NG HANDS) MAIN POINTS •
Created by Jack Dawson
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Completed in 1974
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Entitled “Hands in Prayer, World in Peace”
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Viewed as either praying or clasping lead/zinc
One of the most important landmarks in Webb City is the Praying Hands Sculpture. The thirty-two foot sculpture is located on a forty foot man-made mound in King Jack Park adjacent to MacArthur Boulevard. On the sculpture is inscribed with "hands in prayer, world in peace." The Praying Hands are easily seem from a distance along MacArthur Boulevard and will serve as a visual landmark announcing the entrance to King Jack Park and Webb City.
Fig 4.42: the statue stands over 32 feet high and is placed on a forty foot hill.. Fig 4.43: The statue is a very significant symbol within the community and park.
M EA NING / S IG NIFICA NCE
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The sculpture was done by the local artist Mr. Jack Dawson in 1972 when the artist was only twenty years old. The artist initially constructed sculpted the Praying Hands' steel form in his backyard before moving it to the current King Jack Park location. Once erected in the park, the artist applied the stucco over the steel form of the hands. At the public dedication ceremony on April 28, 1974 the artist is quoted as saying "the hands symbolize the need for a personal commitment and relationship to God." Although this statement of intention related very direct to the artist, many locals have interpreted the Praying Hands as holding lead and zinc and praying for the many miners who sacrifices their health and lives for the ore during the towns Mining Days Event Center. Regardless of its meaning, many locals, tourists, and motorists make a stop each year to get a closer look at the sculpture.
INTRODUCTION
K N EEL I NG M IN ER / HIST O RIC B RI DGE MAIN POINTS •
Kneeling Miner built 1976
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Bridge built in 1871
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The bridge was moved to King Jack in 1996
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Both are predominant landmarks within King Jack Park
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Another of Mr. Jack Dawson's works, the Kneeling Miner Statue Statue, occupies King Jack Park. The statue was dedicated in 1976 during Webb City's Bicentennial Celebration. The Sculpture was originally made out of concrete, but was recast in bronze in 2006 in order to give the statue a grand sense of permanence, forever commemorating the hard work and sacrifice displayed by Webb City's past miners. The statue is ten feet tall and is located atop a four foot rocks base.
PRE CE DE NT S T U D IES Another important historic landmark within King Jack Park is the Georgia City Bridge. The bridge is one of the oldest in the state of Missouri and officially the oldest extant all-metal vehicular bridge in the state of Missouri. It was brought to Webb City in 1996 and reassembled the park in 2006, where it adjoins King Jack Park's walking trails. The fourteen wide bridge spans two hundred and eighteen feet and is used solely as a pedestrian bridge over Paradise Lake.
Fig 4.44: The Statue was dedicated during Webb City's Bicentennial Celebration Fig 4.45: The Georgia City Bridge is among Missouri's oldest bridges. Fig 4.46: The Kneeling Miner statue pays homage to Webb City's miners
It was originally constructed by the Wrought Iron Bridge Company of Canton Ohio in Georgia City in 1871. The bridge remained in use within Georgia City until 1986; at which time it was officially closed to the public because the bridge had suffered significant water damage and was deemed unsafe for public use.
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RESID EN TI AL ARE AS MAIN POINTS •
KING JACK PARK IS SURROUNDED BY RESIDENTIAL
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SOUND, VEGETATION, & ACTIVITIES
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CENTRALIZED ACTIVITIES
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ACTIVE CENTER
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PASSIVE EXTERIOR
King Jack Park is surrounded on all sides by one and two-story residential homes. Many of these homes currently adjoin the park. This creates some problems with backyard exposures and intrusiveness. In these areas the park designers should carefully consider the type of activities planned, their intrusiveness upon the neighbors, and strategies for visually and acoustical buffering the activity area.
Fig 4.47: An example of how landscape can define space and circulation paths. Fig 4.48: A master plan of King Jack Park with pedestrian circulation highlighted Fig 4.49: A way in which the pathway allows for unique experience of landscape.
P A S S IVE VS A CT IVE Because of the adjoining residential areas, the park designers should carefully plan where the various park activities will be located. Over the years, many of the adjoin homes have become use to using the park as part of their private backyard. Consequentially, we recommend that the high activity areas within the park be centrally located and accessed off of the Main Street parkway. The passive activity areas should be located towards the perimeter of the park to create a quiet zone near the residential neighborhoods.
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PARKI NG & ENT R A NCES King Jack Park is a city park that will attract visitors from all round the city and region. Multimodal access must be accommodated to handle the people arriving by trolley, car, bike, or walking. The entrances and parking areas must be clearly marked and easy to navigate. We recommend that the park entrances be restricted to the four previously discussed and that the parking be placed at the periphery of the park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.50: The back of the park's pedestrian circulation. Breaking the grid. Fig 4.51: The front of the park's pedestrian circulation. Fig 4.52: A map of Webb city. This image shows the grid that the city provides.
N O ISE & V EG ET AT IO N Noise is an issue when designing a park in the middle of neighborhoods. Because of the park's size, noise should not be much of an issue. None the less, the placement of the larger, group activities to the center of the park should help lessen the noise. The perimeter zone of the park contains numerous trees, which will act as noise barrier. The combination of these trees, understory vegetation, and the residential fencing should provide good visual and sound buffering for the large park events.
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P ARK PHA SI NG MAIN POINTS •
King Jack Phasing can happen with the support of community members, officials, and the Parks and Recreation Office
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Wants, needs, and concerns should be established for park phasing
King Jack Park is a dynamic area, a zone that is in the process of major change. Over the coming years, a process of phasing can be put in place. This park phasing can bring together the input of both the community members, city officials, and the Parks and Recreation office to establish a prioritized plan of wants, needs, and concerns. The following pages are suggestions from the design team on how different components of King Jack Park and the surrounding city infrastructure can respond overtime.
Fig 4.53: The figure to the right shows Richie Road Park in Arkansas Fig 4.54: The picture below is of the Kneeling Miner Statue in Webb City and the Webb City Water Tower in the background. The statue is located in King Jack Park
INIT IA L P H A S ING Over the next few years King Jack Park could see significant change within the northern 30 acres of the park. A number of key issues can be addressed that will support future phasing efforts. We recommend that the city and Parks Board focus considerable attention on connecting King Jack Park across MacArthur Boulevard and into the downtown area. We suggest that an underpass scheme be explored, where MacArthur Boulevard is slightly raised and the land underneath the boulevard is lowered to create a more inviting, pleasant, and safe pedestrian and cyclist park entrance and improved motorist experience of the park. In addition to this new entry to the park, the economic support for the development of the Sucker Flats Lake/Mine Memorial space, the new Multipurpose Event Center Pavilions and parking development, and the acquisition of the property along Hall Street should begin.
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INTRODUCTION
M ID -T ERM P HASIN G MAIN POINTS •
Consider expanding to the east and south
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Can begin the development of an amphitheater/large scale venue area that would support the 30 year phasing efforts
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Relocation of sports facilities out of
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Now that the connection of King Jack Park to downtown has begin, the funding strategies for park improvements has begun to show fruit, and the early improvements to the front 30 acres have begun to take shape, the city and Parks Board should now turn their attention to relocating the southern sport facilities and the development of the Amphitheater. Also further improvements to the park's four entrances and the park's new internal circulation and parking should be considered.
King Jack
LATE R PH A S ING King Jack Park will see significant change over the next 30 years. With the previous phasing elements put in the place, the park will truly be a regional park and event area. Now is the time to acquire the additional suggested, build the trolley station and lay the trolley tracks, and promote the multimodal transit system throughout the community. Pedestrian, jogging, and biking trails should be constructed throughout King Jack Park and Webb City and to regional communities as well. Fig 4.55: The top right image is of the Scott Outdoor Amphitheater Fig 4.56: The above image is the Lainzer Tiergarten underpass. Fig 4.57: The bottom image depicts some of the existing facilities in place for sports and recreation in King Jack Park in Webb City
With the relocation of the sports facilities the southern third of the park can be developed into a conservation area and passive park setting. The southern third of the park will see significant change with the enlargement of Paradise Lake, the development of outdoor classrooms, nature center and educational trails. It is important to note that the careful selection of native plantings in this area can decrease maintenance costs, promote a type of wildlife sanctuary, and help with both park drainage and soil quality.
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P ARK PHA SI NG - I NI TI AL Y E ARS IN FRAST RU C TURE One of the first phases of the development of King Jack Park will be its infrastructure modification. Once in place, the streets and new circulation strategy for the park will allow drivers, bikers, and pedestrians to enter and leave the park safely and conveniently. Shown in the diagram to the right are the areas to be considered in this first phase. The proposal by the design team suggests a loop park way that works with the existing city grid. The current alignment of Pennsylvania Avenue has been moved north and new park entrances have been added to the south and east. The current EPA service road has been retained and extended north to connect to Main Street.
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INIT IA L P H A S ING MONUME NT & M A R KET In the early years of the King Jack Park redevelopment, some of the existing amenities of the park will be upgraded. The Praying Hands Sculpture area should be redesigned to make it more accessible, integrated into the park, and dynamic. We recommend that this be done by contouring the earthen mount upon which the sculpture sits and by constructing a series of ramped platforms and stairs, waterfalls, lookout points, and small pools in a formal plaza area.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.58: Shows existing Miner Statue as part of the CCS team's future scheme Fig 4.59: The diagram to the left highlights the areas that are part of the first phase Fig 4.60: The above image shows a design idea for the praying hands in phase one Fig 4.61: The below image shows the underpass designed by the CCS team Fig 4.62: The image to the right shows the CCS team's Farmers Market scheme
UNDE RPASS & M EM OR IA L The most important component of the initial phasing of King Jack is the MacArthur Boulevard Pedestrian Entry and Underpass connector to downtown Webb City. This new entry will require that section of MacArthur Boulevard be raised and a section of the park grounds be lowered to create a more visually and physically connected, free-flowing, and more inviting passageway between King Jack Park and downtown. Once MacArthur Boulevard has been modified, then the Park can flow under highway and occupy the land on the north side, thus successfully linking the park with downtown. The park's pathways, plantings, and sculptures can be extended under as well to unify the space with the park. This major pedestrian and cyclist entry connects axially with the Sucker Flat Lake/Mine Memorial area to give the former lake and mine even greater prominence within King Jack Park.
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P ARK PHA SI NG - MI D-TE RM Y E ARS AM P HIT HEATE R The Amphitheater is an integral part of the second phasing because of its funding raising potential and because it will bring in new people to King Jack Park and Webb City. Located to the north of Paradise Lake the general area of the Amphitheater can be utilized to accommodate carnivals/fairgrounds,city festivals, overflow parking, or additional open park green space. As the Amphitheater is designed and developed, community members and city officials need to look closely at identifying the desired size of the theater and its proper orientation. As part of phase two, the Amphitheater can be designed loosely and be allowed to morph or change over time based on need. This can include paths, seating areas, trees and plantings, and the stage.
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M ID -T ER M P H A S ING TROLLEY L INES Part of the mid-term phasing plan includes the renewal and expansion of the trolley lines within the park and their connection to other areas of Webb City. The trolley line renewal and expansion itself can be done in phases. Step one would be to realign the trolley routes within the park as proposed. The second phase would be the extension of the route up Main Street to the city center. The third phase would be to extend the trolley lines to Madison Street.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.63: The far left picture shows a musician playing for a crowd outdoors Fig 4.64: The diagram to the left shows the 15 year phasing areas that are highlighted Fig 4.65: The above image shows a perspective of the amphitheater design by CCS Fig 4.66: The image to the left shows a section cut of the amphitheater space Fig 4.67: Perspective below shows the orchard space and barn
STATI ON & B A R N One of the last areas to be developed during the mid-term phasing is the new trolley barn in King Jack Park near the Orchard. The trolley barn anticipates the eventual connection that King Jack Park and Webb City. This new barn should be designed to allow for the storage of multiple trolleys, a trolley work stations, and office. Next to the new barn can be parking for employees and visitors. The barn will connect to the existing trolley loop and the new trolley lines proposed in phase two.
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P ARK PHA SI NG - LATE R Y E ARS P AT HS As the areas of King Jack Park start to grow over the course of the next 30 years, the connections between areas and different natural zones can be created. These paths can be designed after observing where and how people natural progress through the park, as well as be designed to intentionally direct different types of circulation and movement. As part of the design team's recommendation, the paths closer to the Main Street extension are more rigid and orthogonal and as people move east or west away from this parkway the paths become more organic and less controlled. Organic paths can be developed by the growth of plantings as they begin to define areas as well. The paths and the organic verses structured design options are mostly found in phase three.
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LONG -T ER M P H A S ING CONSE RVA T ION A R EA The Conservation Area can be phased in as the recreation fields are phased out. The micro-phasing in this area can begin with the paths and then the open spaces and outdoor classrooms can be created. Throughout the micro-phasing of the Conservation Area plantings can be used in the design process to structure or zone areas of social interaction, passive reflection, and wildlife promotion.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.68: The picture to the left shows birdwatchers in a conservation area Fig 4.69: The diagram to the left shows highlighted areas in the long-term phasing Fig 4.70: The above image shows a conservation area with wild plantings Fig 4.71: The right image shows a perspective of the proposed conservation area Fig 4.72: The below picture shows a boardwalk sign within a conservation area
F UTURE RAI L CONNECT ION The long-term phasing of King Jack Park's 30 year plan includes the connection to a future rail line. With an existing rail line to the south of King Jack Park that connects to Joplin and cities to the east, this rail link could develop into an important interface between Webb City and surrounding regional and national areas. As the trolley system is developed in phase two and funding from the developing sources, Farmers Market and Amphitheater is provided, this rail link could be furthered considered by the citizens of Webb City and the people from the region who might use such a rail line.
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D O W N T O WN PHASI NG MAIN POINTS •
Downtown phasing must be a joint efforts between business owners, planning officials, and community members.
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Major considerations in downtown phasing include both the economic impact of bringing businesses to the area and the careful planning of infrastructure in the downtown area and throughout Webb City
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In the initial years of phasing, Webb City can focus on pedestrian accessibility and rethinking the current street structure, especially along Main Street.
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Just as King Jack Park can undergo a process of phasing to improve the current park, so too can downtown Webb City adopt a phasing plan. The careful reconsideration of businesses, circulation patterns, and vegetation in this area is required. In the initial years, the focus in this area can be on rethinking the streetscaping, pedestrian access, and wayfinding. This is covered in greater depth in the Main Street section of this book. Community members have told the design team that their major concerns for the downtown include economic growth, infrastructure upgrading, and pedestrian accessibility.
As a phasing plan is put in place and the city develops its efforts,
We believe that Webb City should encourage the use of bicycles and more pedestrian movement in the city center. Research done by the design team concluded that many towns across America that have reinvestment in their downtown to make it easier for pedestrians to linger and stroll have seen an increase in the economic vitality of the local businesses.
long term phasing can start to be considered and its potential for both regional and citywide transformation.
The next emphasis would include the development of business incentives to encourage businesses to return to and reinvest in the downtown. Fig 4.73: This picture above shows a downtown phasing efforts in city of Ann Arbor and the transit and plantings there Fig 4.74: The picture to the bottom shows the efforts of the of Piedmont and the Regional Council in downtown revitalization planting Fig 4.75: The picture to the bottom left shows an initial idea corridor planning from Smart Growth America
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the city and for
LO N G T ERM PHASIN G MAIN POINTS •
Regional and national connection
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How can a downtown connect to a greater area and promote itself?
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Differentiate between long term and short phasing plans and goals
The long term phasing of downtown focuses on the infrastructure and building a connective urban system. This can be an investment in mass transit, as well as considerations in regional connection. The access from the nearby airport, the highways that go through the city, as well as the rail line adjacent should be considered as the city creates its long term phasing plan.
Fig 4.76: The picture to the left shows an image of downtown McKenna and its community regional planning and design efforts in fruition Fig 4.77: A picture of below shows the downtown revitalization of Mayberry, a small town America effort made possible through city phasing efforts
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
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C IT Y PHA SI NG - I NI TI AL Y E ARS IN FRAST RU CTURE In terms of city phasing and the integration of King Jack Park within the entire urban fabric of Webb City, one of the initial areas that can be funded and designed is the infrastructure that connects the park and different parts of town to one another. Shown in the diagram to the right are yellow lines representing areas that should be developed in the initial phasing to support bicycling options and new roadways. Also, the future function of possibly using the streets for trolley access should be a part of these design deliberations. Rethinking roadways can help promote not only the connection of King Jack Park to the rest of the city, but also social interaction and economic development of the entire community.
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INIT IA L P H A S ING LAND ACQU IS IT ION In the early years, the connection across MacArthur Boulevard to the downtown and the improvements to the Farmers Market can be enhanced by the acquisition of land to the north and east of the park. The two blue zones in the diagram on the previous page represent these two extensions to King Jack Park. The acquisition to the north is associated with the underpass and new park entrance indicated by the red dot in the diagram. The small red dot in the diagram indicates the new proposed entrance at the south end of the park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.78: The far left image shows urban bike lanes as part of city planning Fig 4.79: The diagram to the left shows city phasing elements in the first five years Fig 4.80: The above image shows an underpass at Niles Olderman Park Fig 4.81: The below image shows one of the new entrances to Old Grove Park Fig 4.82: The image to the right shows land bought near Lake Awosting
ZONI NG, DOWNTOW N, & ENT R A NCES Besides the entrances, the initial phasing should include conceptualization as to how the streetscaping along MacArthur Boulevard between Main Street and Madison Street should be developed. What is done along this traffic corridor will have a dramatic impact on both King Jack Park and Webb City as a whole.
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C IT Y PHA SI NG - MI D-TE RM PHASI NG T RO L L EY L INE S One of the biggest impacts on Webb City and King Jack Park will be the creation of trolley system throughout the community. This trolley system loop should extend from King Jack Park to downtown, to the old roundhouse, down Madison Street, and back to King Jack Park. Along this loop there can be secondary paths and stations. The thin red line on the diagram to the right show the trolley lines and the yellow squares represent the general location of the trolley stations.
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M ID -T ER M P H A S ING LAND ACQU IS IT ION During the second phase King Jack Park should be extended further south and west in preparation for developments that will take place in phase three. The areas for growth are highlighted in blue in the diagram on the previous page. To the west of the park is land that can respond to the streetscaping along MacArthur Boulevard and residential neighborhood adjacent to the park. The land to the south of the park up to the rail line can accommodate the new southern entrance and depot.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.83: The far left picture shows a MATA ADA trolley stop at Madison Avenue Fig 4.84: The diagram to the left shows the 15 year city phasing areas Fig 4.85: The above image shows an urban trolley line by a local city hall Fig 4.86: The image to the right shows a memorial park in South Carolina Fig 4.87: The below image shows an aerial of a couple sports fields in Maine
PARK SPACE AN D R EC. FIEL D S Also during the mid-term phasing of the King Jack Park development is the relocation of the existing sport facilities at the south end of the park. This area is outlined with a bold yellow line just above the blue zone. Three red boxes show possible locations where the new sports and recreation facilities might be located. At the same time, the Sucker Flats Lake/ Mine Memorial area should be developed using pathways, grasses, and plantings to accentuate where the lake and mine once were located. This memorial area is the highlighted by the yellow box on the diagram where the existing Sucker Flats Lake/Mine.
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C IT Y PHAS I NG - LATE R Y E ARS LO N G -T ERM PHASI NG The long term phasing is concerned with the integration of King Jack Park with the city and its ability to connect the city to places, people, and economic opportunities in the region and beyond. Whether this is through the rail line to the south or through the redevelopment of existing infrastructure, the plan is to connect and grow. The infrastructure should change to support a multimodal transit system where trolleys, cars, bikes and pedestrian greenways can take you easily and conveniently throughout the community. The diagram to the right highlights the existing rail line in yellow, however new lines could be added.
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LONG -T ER M P H A S ING CONSE RVA T ION A R EA Highlighted by the faint yellow shape in the diagram on the previous page is the Conservation Area. As the vegetation in this section of the park matures, the physical and visual character of the Conservation Area will evolve. As the plants change, so too will this entrance to King Jack and Webb City from the railroad depot. Some existing trees can be left until the more desired trees that are planted have a chance to mature.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Fig 4.88: The picture to the left shows a runner through park conservation paths Fig 4.89: The diagram to the left shows highlighted areas in the long-term phasing Fig 4.90: The above image shows a rail line passing through rural countryside Fig 4.91: The image to the right shows a rail station and nearby platform area Fig 4.92: The below picture shows a conservation garden and an outdoor classroom
F UTURE RAI L CONNECT ION The highlighted yellow line in the diagram on the previous page indicates the rail line located to the southeast of the park and community. Although we have only highlighted the rail line as it exists within the city limits, in actuality the rail line continues on to other communities to the south and northeast. We recommend that the trolley line be extended south through the park to this rail line. Trends suggest that within the next 3040 years that the cost of fossil fuel will become so great that alternate modes of transportation will be developed and possibly reconsidered. If the railroads do make a resurgence in the years ahead, we recommend that the city and Parks Board consider building a depot at this location and use the park as the main entry sequence into town.
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PL AN T IN GS MAIN POINTS •
Plantings have the potential to radically change the experience of King Jack Park and Webb City
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Socialization and recreation can actually be support by planting efforts
Consideration of plantings and their location within King Jack Park can dramatically change the feeling and atmosphere of the various event areas. From flowers and grasses to trees, plantings not only bring color, smells, and sounds to the park, they can also begin to support the socialization of people and help to tell the stories of the park. Over time, as a tree grows it can provide shade and an area that was once empty of people can become activated. The idea is to plant seeds so that someday, someone may sit in the shade.
Fig 4.93: The picture above shows the plan Crown Imperial. A flower that blooms in the spring, it can allow individuals to know it is that time of year when they see the "King's Crown". Fig 4.94: The picture to the left shows a large Oak tree growing in Jackson County. A diverse variety trees that can grow to different sizes will add to the character of King Jack Park
FLOWER S Flowers can provide many different experiences for park users, especially in a large municipal park like King Jack Park. There are a variety of plants that are laid out in this book that we recommend be included in the park. When selecting plants, remember that colors, smells, maintenance levels, blossoming seasons, and invasive possibilities are all part of the selection process. Some of the flowers chosen for King Jack Park include Irises, since the city is known as the City of Flags, Blue Sage, Copper Irises, Sneezeweed, different colors of Roses, and Penstemons. These flower selections are suggested by the design team, but other types may be added or grown. We just recommend that whenever possible native planets are chosen.
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INTRODUCTION
G RASSES MAIN POINTS •
Grasses are one element of planting that can become both a visual dynamic, as it blows in the wind, and as a component of sound in the park
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Two grass types were suggested by CCSBuffalo Grass and Blue Stem
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Grasses are a unique component in a park because not only can they provide a dynamic visual energy, such as when the wind blows, but they can also provide different sounds. There are already some grasses growing in King Jack Park, like in the land south of the Mining Days Event Center Events Center. Additional grasses can be chosen that require less maintenance. These grasses can begin to control circulation in the park, promote the return of wildlife, and support new ecologies and ecosystems within the park. A few types suggested by the design team include Buffalo and Blue Stem grasses.
TRE ES
Fig 4.95: The picture to the upper right Fig 4.96: The picture above shows blue provides a texture, sound, Fig 4.97: The photo below is of a type
shows a tree shading a park path. stem grass, a type of plant that and color to a park. of flower known as Sneeze Weed.
Trees can support many of Webb City's and King Jack Park's planning goals of city beautification, sustainable practices, social promotion, and economic development. When selecting trees for the city and King Jack Park, the design team considered the diameter of the tree's canopy, its amount of space under its lowest limbs, its seasons blossoms, its hardiness, the amount of leaves, limbs, and fruit it drops throughout the year, its height when grown, and its color, texture and odor. These criteria were further supported by an understanding of some of the different kinds of diseases the trees prone to in this particular climate zone. A tree that is resilient, can grow in semi-urban environments, and require minimal maintenance works best for both the park and city settings. The design team suggests the following types of trees for use in the city and the park: resilient Elms, Dogwoods, Red Maples, White Oaks, Birches, Pear, Apple, and Evergreens. These trees can begin to tell different stories in the park. A single Red Maple amongst a grove of Oaks can become a special and unique moment. A Pear Tree can engage the sense of taste and create memories of that place and park experience. The blossoms of the Dogwood can symbolize a time and a season. Selection of trees should consider these kinds of stories and their meanings.
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P HYT O RE ME DI ATI ON MAIN POINTS •
A cost effective and easier option to help heal the landscape
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Phytoremediation can also be part of a process that helps control the land as it settles over time with plant root systems.
Phytoremediation is using plantings and natural processes to help heal soil and land. Not only can it be more cost effective, it can be less harmful to the environment and create beautiful spaces out of once contaminated land. The following steps describe a one-year process of testing, planting, monitoring and harvesting. Depending on the level of contamination, this cycle can be repeated for several years. The idea is to help heal the soil throughout King Jack Park.
Fig 4.98: The picture below shows a diagram explaining Phytoremediation. Fig 4.99: The picture to the right shows sea pink thrift, a type of plant that can help take lead pollution out of the soil
R EM ED IA T ION S T EP S 1. Gather soil samples by taking them from at least four different areas per every 400 square feet of space. Samples should come from approximately six inches below the surface. 2. Send it to a lab: Brooklyn College and Cornell University provide inexpensive soil testing services (approximately $30 for heavy metal tests). 3. The next step is to create a remediation strategy: from the test results, determine if and how you should remediate contaminants. 4. Start planting seeds: Sow and germinate them in a small container and water them regularly. Transplant them to your site when they are about three inches high and after the last spring frost. 5. Harvest and Replant: After about fourteen weeks, your plants will be saturated with heavy metals, PCBs or other toxins. Harvest the entire plant, including the roots, stems and leaves.
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6. Dispose of hazardous waste and retest the soil.
INTRODUCTION
L EA D & Z IN C HIST O RY, C HAT PI LE S MAIN POINTS •
A variety of wayfinding techniques can be used beyond simply sign-age
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Way-finding of different dimension and medium can be used to further advance direction and significance
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION EXISTING STRUCTURE PHASING PLANTINGS PARK COMPONENTS APPENDIX
Lead and Zinc are part of Webb City's history, especially the history of King Jack Park. The park bears the name of these metals found there: "King Jack". The site of these mining activities still have contaminants in the soil, from the surrounding chat piles from old mining operations to the soil that is being used to fill in the old Sucker Flats Lake/Mine. Phytoremediation can help heal the soil of this land by using planets to take the pollutants out and cleaning the soil for future use. There is a rich mining history to be told in this park soil and phytoremediation will allow that story to be safely.
CHANGI NG LA ND S CA P ES
Fig 4.100: The top right image is an example of a diverse landscape in Khao Yai National Park Fig 4.101: The above image is a picture of a modern day Chat Pile Fig 4.102: The bottom image depicts one of the many paths that lead through Puskin Puree Park. The images helps to convey the changing season, helping individuals gain an understanding of time within the park
Overtime, the growth of plants can begin to define different landscapes and areas in the park. As plants grow taller or wider they can begin to direct people through the park or define new areas for socialization through shading or attract people to different areas through their senses. This can range from the smell of flowers to the feeling of grasses against your palm as you walk through them. There is a certain beauty in a park that is allowed to grow and change and to adapt to the needs of its users. A park no longer needs to be a manicured retreat, but can become an place that actually gives back to the community, whether by healing the soil, filtering the water, or simply providing areas to connect with nature.
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PARK COMPONENTS OF KING JACK PARK
MAIN ST RE E T PLAN Main Street is a busy commercial street running through the center of downtown Webb City. The design team recommends that the streetscaping along Main Street be upgraded to provide a better visual continuity from King Jack Park into the city center. We also recommend that the diagonal parking be removed and that parallel parking be installed along the west side of the street and that the trolley line from the park be extended along the east side of the street. In addition the transition from diagonal to parallel parking allows more space to be assigned to the pedestrian sidewalk for areas to stroll, socialize, sit and shop. These enlarged sidewalks also allow for a vegetated buffer along the street between the pedestrians and cars. By enlarging the sidewalks and narrowing the driving lanes, the speed of the traffic in the city center will be reduced and the city center zone perceived as a pedestrian zone. The extension of the trolley line into the downtown helps move people between the two main downtown activators spaces: the commercial business district and King Jack Park. In time we foresee the trolley system extending throughout the central business district and over to Madison Street. When this is accomplished, this will bring additional people into the city center for shopping and park events. We also recommend the introduction of bike lanes throughout the community to encourage people to use alternative transit options to move about the city. This will become important as the cost of fossil fuel continues to rise in the coming years. Linking the community by way of pedestrian paths, bike lanes, trolley lines, and safer streets will become ever more important. With the underpass constructed at the entry to King Jack Park the movement of people between the city center and the park will increase and the synergy created by these two activating spaces in the city will fuel an economic renewal.
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Fig 5.1: Shows an image of the proposed downtown revitalization plan as part of the the long term CCS team's downtown link and connection proposal to King Jack
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
BUILDING
SIDEWALK
AMERICAN ELM
NATURAL GRASSES
TROLLEY LINE
2 LANE ROAD TWO WAY STREET
PARALLEL PARKING
NATURAL GRASSES
AMERICAN ELM
SIDEWALK
P L A N & S ECT ION
Fig 5.2 Shows a section of downtown done by the CCS team. It depicts the changes that can take place to the existing street structure over time.
SE CTI ON In this section, the buffers between the pedestrians and cars created by the vegetated plantings, parked cars and trolley tracks are more apparent. This buffer between the pedestrians and cars makes the city center physically safer and perceptually more pleasant for the people living, working and shopping in this activity zone. It is also easier to see the advantages of switching from the diagonal parking to the parallel parking arrangement
along the street. Diagonal parking requires a minimum of 20 feet, while the parallel parking arrangement just 9 feet; this change allows 11 additional feet on each side of the street for sidewalk improvements. This will allow the city to extend the same trees that occur along the parkway in King Jack Park into the city center area, thus strengthening the visual linkage.
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MAIN ST RE E T
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PED EST RIAN & BI KE
VE HI CULAR
T R OL L EY
By changing from diagonal to parallel parking an additional 10 feet of public pedestrian space was found on each side of the street. Within this pedestrian space would be the buffer zone, landscaping, socializing space, circulation, and rest areas. These larger pedestrian spaces make it more comfortable to occupy the street, use the bike lanes, and shop.
The vehicular circulation along Main Street will not change, other than its extension south into King Jack Park. We recommend that the parking along the street be changed from a diagonal to parallel arrangement and that the space saved by used to expand the pedestrian zone. This will narrow the traffic zone and, therefore, naturally slow the speed of the traffic moving through the downtown. This will change the spatial qualities of the streetscape and place the emphasis back on the pedestrian instead of on the car as it is now.
In the past, the trolley use to run through downtown Webb City and on to other communities within the region. That trolley stopped long ago and the tracks covered over by asphalt. We recommend that the trolley rail line be reestablished to once again connect King Jack Park with downtown and on to other sections of the community. In the plan above the trolley tracks are located on the east side of Main Street.
Fig 5.3: CCS team's plan for downtown with highlighted Pedestrain circulation Fig 5.4: CCS team's plan for downtown with highlighted vechicular circulation Fig 5.5: CCS team's plan for downtown with highlighted trolley circulation
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES ACTI VI TI E S The historic downtown commercial district has a charm that cannot be duplicated by the businesses located along Madison Street. Downtown Webb City is designed strolling and lingering. Unfortunately, over the years, the comfort of strolling along Main Street and pleasure of visiting with the shop keepers has been by the slow redesign for and take-over of the street by the automobile. Main Street is no longer a pedestrian area. It is a car zone that grudgingly allows the pedestrian a small strip to walk along beside the street and parking. We recommend that the citizens of Webb City reclaim their streets and create a downtown that is peoplefriendly. This people-friendly downtown does not shun cars; rather they are given their due place in the city center. The streets in the city center must embrace the concept of complete streets: streets that accommodate pedestrians, cyclist, and motorist in a well-conceived and choreographed whole. Cities that have developed peoplefriendly complete streets have seen a significant increase in retail revenue, decrease in crime, and increase in community pride. The modification to the streetscape that has been proposed, the extension of Main Street in King Jack Park, the development of the trolley line between King Jack Park and the downtown, and the collaboration between the merchants, park event organizers, and city officials will promote an economic renewal throughout the city center. The idea that patrons going to an event at the King Jack Park Amphitheater would be able to park downtown in a public lot and get on the trolley and ride up to the front entrance of the Amphitheater and then after enjoying the performance taking the trolley back downtown for a later dinner at one of the city's restaurants and strolling the streets before driving home is a win-win situation for all.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.6: A Minerva sign referencing the Minerva Candy Store downtown Fig 5.7: A picture showing a downtown organization the Webb City could have Fig 5.8: A picture of kids eating ice cream outside a local downtown ice cream shop Fig 5.9: A pedestrain crosswalk in Atlanta, Georgia Fig 5.10: A picture of a trolley, much like one that could travel through Webb City Downtown
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MAIN ST RE E T
P ER S P ECT IVE The image above represents one of the modified streets in the city center. You will note the softening effect created by the American Elm trees with their canopies of leaves protecting the sidewalk and providing continuity along the street. The enlarged pedestrian zone is shaded from the sun and encourages strolling and lingering in the city center. The pedestrian lighting will illuminate the sidewalks and trees at night giving the area a romantic ambiance.
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Fig 5.11: CCS team's perspective of future downtown Fig 5.12: Signage for an European downtown area
The parking has been converted from diagonal parking to parallel parking, which allows the pedestrian zones to be enlarged. The parallel parking arrangement is safer for the motorist because it provides the driver better sightlines when exiting the parking space than do the current diagonal spaces. Additionally, with the enlarged sidewalk with the buffered edge improves the pedestrian's physical safety and perceptual comfort.
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
AME RI CAN E LM Starting with the Main Street extension or King Jack Parkway and continuing up Main Street to the city center, we recommend the planting of American Elms to create a processional canopy. This utilization of American Elms will provide a physical and visual continuity between the park and the city center. Uniting the city and park is a key component of the design concept because we believe that by connecting these areas the community will be benefited economically, a softer visual interest will be added in the downtown, and the movement of people between the two areas will be facilitated. The American Elm tree is tall with a wide canopy of foliage that is able to reach over the street and still provide a comfortable height under the canopy for people to use the sidewalk and street. The tree has vibrant green leaves at the end of spring and into the beginning of fall and adds softness to the city center.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.13: Image showing large trees and sidewalks in a residential zone close to a downtown district Fig 5.14: A picture of long grasses, flowers, and plantings outside downtown shops and businesses Fig 5.15: Flowers along a main street in Indianola, Iowa Fig 5.16: A woman sitting on benches located in a park in the downtown Portland area
G RASSES & SI DE WALKS By adding a vegetated buffer along the street edge in the city center, it will help to extend the greenery of King Jack Park into the downtown. We recommend that within this buffer area that the city plant the American Elms and native grasses and flowers. We recommend that among these plants that the Crown Imperial should be considered. The orange flower of the Crown Imperial has a literal connection to King Jack Park and provides a bright and vibrant color in the downtown area. The grasses, flowers, and trees in the street buffer will not only enhance the downtown visually, but also heighten the visitor's senses as well with their aromas, textures, sounds, movement and color. By planting areas of grass along the sidewalks within the city center park benches could be placed in these little oasis to allow pedestrians a chance to sit and enjoy the scenery, read a book, wait, or socialize with a friend.
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MAIN ST RE E T PRE CE DE NT STUDY
P A R S ONS , KA NS A S Parsons, Kansas has an award-winning downtown layout and design. It was named a Great American Main Street in 2006, and the residents of Parsons enjoy many aspects of their Main Street that are not found in other towns.
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Different planter box festivals, plantings on the streets and sidewalks, the bike and pedestrian relationship, street surfaces, and vehicular circulation all make up a main street that can be a model for Webb City's own Main Street. By changing from a car oriented to pedestrian oriented city center, adding plantings along the sidewalks, and reintroducing the trolley system in downtown Webb City, the streets will become activated and promote improved socialization and commerce.
P R ECED ENT S T U D Y LI GHTI NG & S igna ge Lighting is an aspect of Parsons' Main Street that allows it to feel more accessible and safer to the members of the community, while extending its use for business and community events to well after sunset. Wayfinding signage is an important component of Parsons' downtown success. Similarly, Webb City must improve its wayfinding signage throughout the community. The development of signage guideline in the city center is needed that can provide better continuity of signage in the city center without dictating commonality.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.17: The picture to the far left shows historic plantings along Main Street Fig 5.18: The picture to the upper left shows signage and businesses in Parsons Fig 5.19: The very top image shows the lights on Main Street as the sun sets Fig 5.20: The above image shows the trees planted along the street in Parsons Fig 5.21: The image to the right shows an historic view of Parsons Main Street Fig 5.22: On the bottom right is an image of the courthouse in Parsons
ST R EET W ID T HS & O RG AN IZATI ON Webb City has the opportunity to change the layout of its streets and provide parallel parking along its Main Street. This would allow more space for pedestrians and bikers in the future, as well as space for trees and plantings. As the width and organization of Main Street is designed, the location of downtown businesses and the city's historic connections to Route 66 and other historic areas can begin to be a part of the promotion of commerce and downtown revitalization.
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171 U N D ERPASS
PLAN The King Jack Park entrance extension under MacArthur Boulevard is the most important design aspect of this vision because it is the feature that provides the convenient, safe and perceptual linkage of the park with the city center. The MacArthur Boulevard underpass must provide an inviting, spatial connection for King Jack Park that in no way impedes the feeling that the highway bridges over the park. In other words, the park flows unimpaired from south of the boulevard to the north of the boulevard. This has been achieved is several ways that must all be carefully balanced for this to be achieved. First, MacArthur Boulevard has been raised ten feet along this section of the highway. Second, the park has been lowered ten feet along this same section. Third, the width of the highway span was proposed to be eighty feet in width. In so doing, this large underpass would provide
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a spatial area that allows a person to see completely through the underpass and note the spatial linkage with the park on the other side of the highway. Underpasses that are narrow and do not raise the roadway do not provide the pedestrian to see completely through to the other side while approaching and, therefore, the person's anxiety is elevated and the comprehension that the park is flowing from one side to the other is lost. The proposed large underpass would seem to be an extension of King Jack Park and flow unimpeded below the highway. The pedestrian and bike paths, plantings, sculptures, and lawn spaces would continue uninterrupted from one side to the other. The motorist driving by would be made aware of the importance of the area by the elevated road surface from which that could get a better view King Jack Park.
Fig 5.23: The CCS team's proposed plan for the Underpass area of King Jack Park under highway 171
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
FLOWER
WATER FEATURE
FLOWER
SIDEWALK
2 LANE ROAD ONE WAY STREET
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2 LANE ROAD ONE WAY STREET
SIDEWALK
FLOWER
WATER FEATURE
FLOWER
WATER FEATURE
P L A N & S ECT ION
SE CTI ON This section of the MacArthur Boulevard underpass that connects King Jack Park with downtown Webb City illustrates the pedestrian sightlines and the spatial flow of the park achieved by raising the highway ten feet and lowering the park ten feet at this location. If the highway was not raised, the underpass would have to be lowered further than it is shown in the rendering and the pedestrian sightlines and the parks spatial qualities
would be lost and the underpass will become less inviting and welcoming. Additionally, we suggest that the median at this location be removed and that a light well be constructed that allows a vegetated sculpture to protrude through to link the park with the road above.
Fig 5.24: The CCS team's proposed section cut for the Underpass area under highway 171
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171 U N D ERPASS P ED ES T R IA N & B IKE The underpass and most of the pathways surrounding it consist of dual pedestrian walkways and bicycle trails. The main intention of this location within the park is to become the pedestrian gateway to the park. One of the main site issues was designing a pedestrian crossing over the busy and pedestrian dangerous highway. We solved this problem by designing an underpass and putting in bike and pedestrian trails without adding any vehicular circulation within this section of the park. The pedestrian and bike pathways encircle added garden and water features as well as connecting to dense areas
VEH ICU L A R Vehicular circulation was not a major part of the park component's design. The only vehicular feature we added was a small parking lot that can accommodate around sixty vehicles. Adding parking lot was necessary but we didn't design any additional vehicular circulation. The main vehicular circulation is preexisting. The highway in which the underpass runs underneath is the main vehicular path. The highway is elevated then feet over this area. The other streets are within walking distance and border the immediate area but aren't added upon. Several pedestrian and bike trails extend from them.
T R OL L EY The trolley doesn't play a significant role within the design of the underpass. It passes on the park side of the underpass, and then circles around the praying hands. The trolley pass over three pedestrian paths but doesn't dramatically interfere in the design. The nearest trolley stop is located by the farmers market. We didn't put one closer to the underpass because we intended the major form of circulation to be pedestrian walkways and bicycle trails. The trolley passes this area in order to get to the Praying hands statue. Fig 5.25: A plan of CCS team's underpass bike circulation Fig 5.26: A plan of CCS team's underpass vechicular circulation Fig 5.27: A plan of CCS team's underpass trolley circulation
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ACTI VI TI E S There is an incalculable variety of activities that could happen in this area of the park. A design can never anticipate for everything. However, there are several activities which were anticipated when designing the underpass. These activities include: walking, jogging, running, sight seeing, photographing, playing in the interactive water features, dog walking, cycling, socializing, siting, reading a book, meeting a group of friends, and simply relaxing and enjoying the scenery such as the flower gardens, views, and sights of the downtown, park, praying hands, and highway. The nature of this part of the park is passive. Some of the most important activities within this area of the park include: running, walking, jogging, and running. Although this is a passive area in the park, the pedestrian walking and cycling trails promote a healthy lifestyle initiative. Webb City has a large obesity rate and part of the parks obligation is promoting healthy life choices. This is one of the main obligations that the underpass provide. There is also a large social aspect to this part of the park. While walking, relaxing, sitting, and viewing there is a lot of person to person dialogue and interaction that can be anticipated. Most people don't go to parks by themselves and visiting and socializing with someone while at the underpass is an very common activity that will occur. Scenery, physical activity, and social interactions are all key activities that take place within the underpass area in the park.
Fig 5.28: A picture of an interactive fountain in Warren, Michigan Fig 5.29: A picture of a woman walking dogs through Cordova Fig 5.30: Elderly citizens enjoying the shade of a park bench in Tupelo, Mississippi Fig 5.31: A young woman taking a photograph Fig 5.32: A man running through Walla Walla Park in Washington Fig 5.33: People riding bikes through a Nampa, Idaho Park
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
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171 U N D ERPASS
P ER S P ECT IVE The perspective shows the scale and quality of the MacArthur Boulevard Underpass. It also articulates the public plaza created by both the underpass and entrance. This area has the potential to become a very active social space within the park since this area is the main pedestrian entrance, “gate� to King Jack Park. The perspective is also shows how the trellis or vegetated sculptural features goes through the voided medium in the highway to create an interesting experience for both the motorists traveling on the highway and the pedestrians traveling below. It also conveys the spatial qualities of the underpass and the natural inviting transition of the park from one side of the highway to the other.
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Fig 5.34: A CCS team perspective of the Underpass area and how it might look over time Fig 5.35: A pedestrian underpass found in Auburn, Alabama
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
TRE E S, GRASSE S, & PLANTS The vegetation including trees, grasses, shrubs, and flowers are very important in creating the spatial qualities within this area of the park. As previously stated, this area of the park is the pedestrian entrance to King Jack Park. As such, it made sense to give this area a manicured feel when choosing the trees, grasses, shrubs, and plants. One of the most significant features within this section of the park is the gardens that are organized around and within the underpass. These gardens are made up of three different flowers: pink roses, Blue Sages, and Copper Irises. These gardens are intended to be formal and manicured in character. These small garden areas are incorporated around small interactive water features that dot the plaza areas of the underpass. The Blue Sages can grow up to three feet tall and give off a wonderful sage smell. The pink roses are very beautiful and only require moderate sunlight; finally, the Copper Irises are orange in color and bloom in late spring.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
PLANTS The design team recommends that Saint Augustine grass be planted in the formal entry area near the MacArthur Boulevard Underpass. This grass was recommended because it grows to three inches at its manicured height and is able to endure the high summer temperatures of southwest Missouri. The main tree chosen to be placed within this area is the Dogwood, which can grow up to twenty feet tall and known for its ornamental qualities. American Elm have also been recommend at the front end of the park to add height and perspective to the scene. These flowers, grasses, and trees were chosen based because their manicured and ornamental qualities to help give the underpass a highly manicured look worthy of the gateway entrance to King Jack Park. Fig 5.36: A blossoming pink dogwood tree Fig 5.37: A picture of pink roses Fig 5.38 A picture showing one type of grass commonly found in Florida Fig. 5.39: A picture showing blue sage flower Fig 5.40 A picture of a Copper Iris flower
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C RAIG L INN UNDE RPASS PRE CE DE NT STUDY
CONT EX T
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North Lanarkshire Council commissioned Bigg Design and Zero-Waste Design to deliver an exciting project that saw the regeneration of an underpass in Cumbernauld with stunning lighting and mural designs. Working with local school students and members of the community, they developed a design that transforms the experience of using the underpass (previously a dark, intimidating area subject to vandalism) into an inspiring, unique journey that feels bright, airy and welcoming. LED lighting slowly changes hue over the course of the night to symbolize the colorful lighting transitions from day to night to day. A large group of pupils were involved in the creation of the mural, which has given them a sense of ownership of the space that they pass on their daily journey to school. The design team designed the MacArthur Boulevard Underpass with the same ideas, creating a spacious extension of King Jack Park that flowed under the highway into the downtown district.
P R ECED ENT S T U D Y SAF E TY & OU T COM ES The overall project aim was to regenerate a pedestrian underpass that serves as a key route to school, to encourage greater safety, and use. The outcomes and benefits of the project include: • • • • •
Improved safety Increased use by community Increased walking to school Less vandalism Improved community ownership
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.41: The picture to the far left shows a mural at the Craiglinn Underpass Fig 5.42: The picture to the upper left shows the pass from a distance at night Fig 5.43: The very top image shows the community painting underpass murals Fig 5.44: The above image shows Craiglinn underpass during the day Fig 5.45: The right image shows a model students made designing the underpass Fig 5.46: On the bottom right is an image of pass with the LED lighting at night
C O M MU N IT Y Throughout the project the design team worked with students from St Maurice's High School and introduced them to a reallife design process. They started with site research, mapping of the local area, interviews of local people, understanding user experiences and how they could change it for the better. Then the students went into a range of design and artistic inspiration; along with research into the cultural and historical highlights of the local area. This led to brainstorming, sketching, and prototyping of ideas with the use of physical model making and computer techniques. Testing ideas out on members of the community, they refined a series of concepts down to a stunning final design that had great local ownership.
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P RAYIN G HANDS
Fig 5.47: Part of CCS team's proposed plan for the renovation and renewal of the Praying Hands area
PLAN The Praying Hands Sculpture is located in the northeast corner of the park close to the MacArthur Boulevard and Underpass. The sculpture is visible from the highway and throughout the park. It is a very powerful monument within Webb City and its presence in King Jack Park has been a major factor in the development of the park's design. The design team recommends that the setting of the Praying Hands Sculpture needs upgrading to more adequately express the significance of the landmark within the city and park. The proposed design modification to the sculpture does not change the Praying Hands in anyway, but rather modifies the earthen mound upon which it sits and the approach to its base.
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The plan above shows ramps and platforms radiating from around the sculpture. This design creates a series of stone terraced levels that spiral around the sculpture with ramps and stairs to move you from terrace to terrace as you ascend to the top. The views of the monument and of the park from each terrace are different; providing both a foreground view and a long distant vista of the surroundings. Each landing has a terrace and some terraces contain water features which flow down from the top pool to the reflecting pool at the front of the monument. Surrounding the monument are formal gardens that reflect the grand setting we envision for this community landmark.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
GRASS
PRAYING HANDS
WATER FEATURE
PRAYING HANDS
GRASS
P L A N & S ECT ION
Fig 5.48: Part of the CCS team's proposed elevation for the renovation and renewal of the Praying Hands area
E LE VATI ON This elevation of the Praying Hands Sculpture shows how the ramps, terraced plazas, water features, and vegetation all work together to create a very elegant procession as one ascends. One of the most striking features is the small waterfall which flows from the hands to a small reflecting pool at the base. Encircling the Praying Hands Sculpture at the top is a small pool of water, which is the starting point of the waterfall.
Another important design feature is the vegetation behind the Praying Hands Sculpture. We chose to place large trees at this location to provide a backdrop for the sculpture.
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P RAYIN G HANDS P ED ES T R IA N Although the terraced areas are at different elevations all ramps and paths between the levels comply with ADA standards. The circulation around the sculpture is meant for walking and jogging and does not include bicycle trails. These pedestrian walking trails link to other trails that lead to the MacArthur Boulevard Underpass and other areas within King Jack Park.
VEH ICU L A R Other than the Pennsylvania Street, no other vehicular routes have been added near the Praying Hands Sculpture. A parking lot has been added south of the monument along Pennsylvania Street that is buffered by vegetation and an earth berm. This parking lot will service the people going to the Praying Hands Sculpture as well as enjoying the event areas at the north end of the park.
T R OL L EY The trolley track encircles the area with the intention of displaying the Praying Hands Sculptures during tours of King Jack Park. There is no trolley stops located in the immediate area around the Praying Hands Sculpture, but there are stops relatively close. The trolley and vehicular circulation are intentionally minimal compared to the pedestrian access we have design around the Praying Hands Sculpture. We believe that the sculpture needs to be walked around for a full experience.
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Fig 5.49: Plan showing the proposed CCS team's Praying Hands Pedestrian Circulation Fig 5.50: Plan showing the proposed CCS team's Praying Hands Vechicular Circulation Fig 5.51: Plan showing the proposed CCS team's Praying Hands Trolley Circulation
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES
ACTI VI TI E S The main activity that happens within this area of the park is sightseeing and observing the Praying Hands Sculpture. There are many activities that happen in conjunction with this activity, but people traveling to this area of the park are coming to see the Praying Hands Sculpture. However, they may come with their family and/or friends mean that there will be many social activities that can happen within this area of the park as well. There are many open plaza spaces along the path that leads to the sculpture, which could accommodate these social gatherings. There are also many walking and bicycle trails within this area of the park. Many people will be walking, jogging, and riding their bikes. There are interactive water features within this area of the park that will be used by children and adults.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.52: A young girl taking a photograph Fig 5.53: A woman reading in a Portland Park Fig 5.54: Two girls sitting and conversing at a bench in Central Park Fig 5.55: A man running through Walla Walla Park in Washington Fig 5.56: A picture of an interactive fountain in Warren, Michigan Fig 5.57: A picture of a woman walking dogs through Cordova
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P RAYIN G HANDS
P ER S P ECT IVE This perspective of the Praying Hands Sculpture shows it at its highest point with ramps, plazas, and water features organized around the monument. It conveys the experience a person has when they walk through these features to see the monument; this experience becomes almost as interesting as the viewing of the monument itself. This perspective shows the main entrance, which is marked by manicured flowers and a singular ramp ascending towards the Praying Hands Sculpture. There are also large pines and elms located at the back of the sculpture to create a backdrop. There is also a large flower garden located at the front of the praying hands statue which creates an attractive view for pedestrians and motorists when they first approach the statue. All these elements work together to both compliment and display the Praying Hands Sculpture.
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Fig 5.58: A CCS team perspective of the future changes to the Praying Hands Area Fig 5.59: A picture of the existing Praying Hands Sculpture in King Jack Park
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
TRE E S & GRASSE S There is a variety of vegetation located near the Praying Hands Sculpture from Dogwoods to flower gardens of Irises, King's Crowns, Blue Sages, Copper Irises, Sneezeweeds, Pink Roses, and Penstemons. The Penstemons can grow to be ten feet tall and are even considered a semi evergreen. Sneezeweeds can come in a variety of colors, but are typically either white or yellow and can grow to be up to five feet tall. They also bloom in the fall for a duration of two months. The Irises bloom in the summer, the King's Crown blossoms in the spring, and the Copper Irises bloom in the spring. Using these flowers in combination ensures that there is a good level of visual variety.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.60: A picture showing an example of Buffalo Grass Fig 5.61: A picture showing one type of flower known as Pink Irises Fig 5.62: A picture showing a flowering pink dogwood Fig 5.63: A picture showing a large Evergreen tree Fig 5.64: A picture showing a flower called yellow Sneezeweed or simply Sneezeweed
PLANTS There are both manicured and more natural grasses located within this area. The manicured grasses are located in the front of the Praying Hands Sculpture facing the highway, and the more natural grasses are located at the back of the sculpture. The manicured grasses consist of Saint Augustine and the natural grasses consist of both Buffalo and Blue-Stem. The Blue-Stem grass can grow anywhere between three to ten feet tall. Buffalo grass tends to grow between eight to ten inches and Saint Augustine remains at three inches when manicured. The more natural grasses located behind the sculpture are used as a backdrop and the manicured grass at the front of the sculpture help beautify the view of the area from the highway and pedestrian underpass. Most of the trees are located behind the sculpture as well. These trees consist of Evergreens, White Oaks, and Red Maples. All these trees can grow to be over sixty feet tall.
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B ET H ES D A T ER R A CE
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Bethesda Terrace is a great public space that surrounds a fountain in one area of Central Park. Some of the same principles that were used in this terraced area were used in the design team's recommendations for the Praying Hands Sculpture and surrounding areas. From the passage and water elements to the restored plantings and elevation change, the Bethesda Terrace is an area that provides multiple perspectives on one monumental location. Similarly, the design team proposal for the Praying Hands Sculpture area is a terraced landscape with water that flows down the sculpture and into pools. In addition, the entire monument has been made handicap accessible to allow all member of Webb City to access the top level.
P R ECED ENT S T U D Y MATE RI ALI TY & NA T U R E The materiality in the civic space of Bethesda Terrace relates to both the region and to the surrounding natural setting. The stone that makes up the passage and steps are made from stone that comes from the State of New York. The brick work, used extensively in the area, is made locally and much of the metal work is as well. If the Praying Hands Sculpture becomes terraced, the materials from Webb City and the region should be used in the construction to reinforce the connection to place and to give meaning to this location in King Jack Park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.65: The far left picture shows Bethesda Terrace in the summer months Fig 5.66: The upper left picture shows the restored plants at Bethesda Terrace Fig 5.67: The very top image shows the fountain at Bethesda Terrace Fig 5.68: The above image shows a fall day and water sports around the Terrace Fig 5.69: The right image shows the steps that rise to the top of the Terrace Fig 5.70: The bottom right shows the passage and steps through the Terrace
ST EP S There are different staircases around the Bethesda Terrace that lead to different parts of the park. Also, there are small steps that becoming seating areas around the fountain and steps that lead to the top of the Bethesda passage. Each of these areas were considered as spaces that could be used as more than just areas to circulate through; like spaces to rest, observe, and social. The design team imagined the proposal for the Praying Hands Sculpture in a similar way, a place that would bring people together and allow them to connect to each other and the surrounding landscape.
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MIN IN G DAY S
Fig 5.71: The CCS team's proposed plan for the Mining Days Area in King Jack Park
PLAN The Mining Days Event Center Event Center building, recently completed in King Jack, is a new addition to the park that hopes to serve as both a center that remembers the mining history of the region, as well as a place for different venues and events to occur. The design team proposes to keep the existing structure, but propose additions and changes that can market the pavilion to different users and members of the community that are using King Jack Park.
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Currently, the Mining Days Event Center Event Center building is located close to the amphitheater and the existing parking. In the new King Jack Park plan the parking lot is relocated to the west of the facility, which allows more direct access from Pennsylvania Street while not interrupting
pedestrian circulation within King Jack Park. It is important that in the future plan of the Mining Days Event Center Event Center building that it reflect the changes that will occur in the park, especially, where the existing Sucker Flats Lake/ Mine has been filled-in. The design team also proposes that land be bermed around the building, similar to the old chat piles that existed in this location within the park, to create both a physical buffer from Pennsylvania Street and the Parking Lot and to serve as an elevated terrace from which one can reflect on the old mine site and park.
P L A N & S ECT ION
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.72: A picture showing the existing Mining Days structure exterior shown on the upper left Fig 5.73: A picture showing the existing Mining Days Structure from the inside shown on the upper right Fig 5.74 A picture showing the existing Mining Days exterior and Amphitheater area above
E X I STI NG MI NI NG DAY S BUI LDI NG The Mining Days Event Center Event Center building is located at the “Heart of King Jack”, just south of where the Sucker Flats Lake/Mine is being filled in and with view to downtown Webb City. There is an amphitheater nearby that holds approximately 250 people. The Mining Days Event Center Event Center building and amphitheater correspond structurally and materially. The design
team suggests that these structures be retained in their current location and integrated into the new King Jack Park plan.
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M IN IN G D AY S
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P ED EST RI AN
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B IKE
Pedestrian circulation around the Mining Days Event Center Event Center building will occur both horizontally and vertically; at the ground plane and on the raised terrace. Circulation is designed to come from both the north park entrance, the Multipurpose Event Pavilion and Memorial to the east, and the parking lot to the west.
Vehicular access to the Mining Days Event Center Event Center area and building is from the west; Pennsylvania Street and parking lot. The relocation of the existing park lot to the west will provide a more natural park setting around the Mining Days Event Center Event Center building. It is important to consider that in time the need for automobile access within the parks may actually go down, resulting in other types of circulation.
The Mining Days Event Center Event Center area plan proposed by the design team easily connects to the park's bike trail system. Bike racks and facilities for bikers are located within and near the building, encouraging bikers to stop and linger in the area. As bike circulation increases over time, the width, direction, and use of bike lanes can change to adapt new needs.
Fig 5.75: A plan showing the proposed CCS team's idea for pedestrian circulation around the Mining Days area Fig 5.76: A plan showing the proposed CCS team's idea for vehicular circulation around the Mining Days area Fig 5.77: A plan showing the proposed CCS team's idea for bike circulation around the Mining Days area
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES
ACTI VI TI E S The ability of a venue like the Mining Days Event Center Event Center building to host a variety of activities is crucial in determining its level of use. The images on this page show some possible ideas for what activities might take place within this event center, with careful consideration to those which already take place there. An array of activities might occur within the facility: dining, dances, festivals, reunions, parties, or a museum display/exhibition experience are just a few of the ideas. In the area such activities as: walking, exercising, socialization, reading, knitting, or painting might take place The Mining Days Event Center Event Center building has a unique opportunity for becoming the repository of the history of mining in Webb City and King Jack Park. With the removal of Sucker Flats Lake all trace of mining within the park will have been covered up. This building's location next to the site of the former Sucker Flats Lake/Mine provides an opportunity to tell the history of the miners and mines that made Webb City great.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
T YPES OF SPACE S The design team has proposed a variety of spaces in and around the Mining Days Event Center Event Center to promote social interaction, like the courtyard with its many divers flowers and native planets that is intended to slow down the park visitor and encourage them to linger to the elevated viewing terrace with its panoramic view of the park to the numerous small seating areas designed to provide shade and a relaxing escape. The Mining Days Event Center Event Center provide spaces for an individual to sit in private reflection or a couple to stroll or a group to listen to a presentation or school children to explore.
Fig 5.78: A picture showing an event space off of a main path through Central Park Fig 5.79: A picture showing an example of how history can be displayed in the Kentucky Museum Fig 5.80: An image showing how old mining elements and settler items are displayed in the Westward Expansion Wing Fig 5.81: An example of an indoor dining atmosphere in Raleigh, North Carolina Fig 5.82: A picture of a woman reading in a park
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MIN IN G D A Y S
P ER S P ECT IVE The modified Mining Days Event Center Event Center area proposed by the design team is shown above. The staircase to the elevated viewing terrace is seen at the right. This staircase has been conceived of as an informal gathering space that looks out over the courtyard. In front of the steps is one of the many formal planters of flowers and native plants. To the rear and left in the rendering are vegetated areas. It is the suggestion of the design team to select native grasses that grow two to three feet tall to be planted in these areas to define the spaces such as the courtyard, amphitheater, and formal gardens. These areas of native grasses would not require much maintenance, would add texture, movement and sound, and provide a strong contrast between the maintained and non-maintained areas. The picture at the lower left gives you a sense of the type of materials, detailing and lighting the design team is suggesting for this area and how it might look at night.
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Fig 5.83: A perspective showing the CCS team's proposed redesign of the Mining Days area Fig 5.84 A picture of a possible outdoor lighting solution for the outdoor Mining steps area
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
TRE E S Trees around the building and the grow tall, with a adequate canopy below.
Mining Days Event Center surrounding spaces should large canopy, and possess height for people to walk
The tree's root systems should be considered as well. • First, some of the trees that can begin to define the paths that circle around the building may be located in the area of the old Sucker Flats Lake/Mine. The settling of this ground, as well as the potential for contaminates in the soil requires the selection of trees that can grow under these conditions. • Second, some trees may be located around structures and walkways and their root systems could break the foundations and surfaces. Natural light is a major part of the Mining Days Event Center design, therefore, where the trees cast their shadows should be considered.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.85: A picture showing some pink penstemons Fig 5.86: A picture showing Blue Sage flowers Fig 5.87: A picture showing an American Elm Tree Fig 5.88: A picture showing an Evergreen tree Fig 5.89 An image showing a white flowering dogwood tree
PLANTS Plants in the Mining Days Event Center area can begin to attract visitors from the memorial site through their movement, smell, and color. When developing this area, the surrounding activities should influence the types of planting selected. Areas that receive a significant level of traffic may need stronger plants. Areas where people may be eating or relaxing should consider what types of flowers and grasses nearby produce certain types of smells. Movement, touch, and texture can be taken advantage of in the Mining Days Event Center area. As youth and individuals pass through the paths, they can feel grasses in their hands and begin to interact with the site on a very personal level. The sensual experience of this place can produce memories as strong as the visual experience, and the designs ability to capture and promote these types of interactions can help promote the efforts of the park and bring people to learn about the history of Sucker Flats Lake/Mine at the Mining Days Event Center building. Plants will also bring in birds and insects that can allow community members a chance to observe animals
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P REC ED ENT STUDY- RE D ROCK CANYON VI SI TOR CE NTE R
CONT EX T One of the parts about the Red Rock Canyon Visitor Center that makes it an attractive center to visit is its careful positioning within the park. Located along a road that is directly off the Main Street, vehicles circulate to the building and drop pedestrians off. From there, pedestrians can move through the building to various areas that talk about the history of the site, the climate that one encounters, and the different types of animal life nearby.
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Climate, vegetation, and animal diversity were all a part of the planning of the Red Rock Visitor Center. Webb City's Mining Days Event Center building can benefit from many of the same principles that were used in the construction of this center and its relationship with the site.
MI NI NG D A YS P R ECED ENT S T U D Y MATE RI ALI TY & NA T U R E The materiality of the visitor center is from the surrounding area, making use of materials that are readily at hand while lessening the harm and impact that the materials have to both the surrounding environment and visitors. The center is designed to work with nature, creating a balanced relationship between what is manmade and natural. The Mining Days Event Center building should also aim to be non-invasive to its context while making use of the materials and natural relationships that are inherent to the site.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.90: The picture to the far left shows Red Rock Park Fig 5.91: The picture to the upper left shows a view in the center looking out Fig 5.92: The very top image shows a path branching off of the center Fig 5.93: The above image shows one of the core learning areas in the center Fig 5.94: The image to the right shows visitors entering the pavilion Fig 5.95: An image showing the outdoor landscape viewing platform
V IEW S A great aspect of the Red Rock Canyon Visitor Center is that it pays careful attention to the surrounding landscape and frames views accordingly, Passages through, around, and in the building are made to allow visitors a greater understanding of the places that are within. Webb City and the Mining Days Event Center building can approach the design of the building in much the same way. As time goes on, the views the visitors have from the building looking out, from the top of the building looking around, and from the outside looking in can gain a better understanding of both the place and the history of King Jack Park.
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K N EEL IN G MI NE R
PLAN The Kneeling Miner Statue is located at the front of the park at the central point of what use to be the Sucker Flats Lake/Mine. The entirety of the mine will be filled in but its historic reference within the park and community is still very important. The design team recommends placing the statue at this central point because of the connection it establishes with the Sucker Flats Lake/Mine and the mining history of the community. There are built up mounds that radiate from the statue; they roughly follow the outline of what use to be the edge of the Sucker Flats Lake/Mine. Each one of the mounds is a little bit different from the other. Some contain manicured grasses while others contain more wild grasses. Some of the mounds also contain flowers while others contain trees. In the center
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of these mounds is a public plaza area with the Kneeling Miner Statue at its center. Organized around the statue is a small flower garden. There are also pedestrian trails and bike trails located around the statue. The main vehicular circulation path which extends from Main Street is also located adjacent to the Kneeling Miner Statue. The Multipurpose Events Center and Farmers Market areas are also both located adjacent to the Kneeling Miner Statues statue. The Kneeling Miner Statue becomes the central point within this area and the other features are designed to complement the statue while also providing social areas and others functions.
Fig 5.96: A plan of the proposed CCS team's Kneeling Miner/Memorial area on top of the old Sucker Flats Mine
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
FLOWERS
KNEELING MINER
PATHWAY
STAIRWAY
PATHWAY
GRASSES
STAIRWAY
GRASSES
P L A N & S ECT ION
SE CTI ON The section depicts the main public plaza that radiates from the Kneeling Miner Statue. Several built up mounds are also depicted in the distance, beyond the Kneeling Miner Statue. The section also depicts wild grasses, manicured grasses, Dogwoods, Peach trees, and flowers located on the built up mounds. The area around the Kneeling Miner Statue mostly consists of social areas created by both the built up mounds and the
paths around the Kneeling Miner Statue. This area is intended to be a place for people to observe the Kneeling Miner Statue and reflect. The statue is the central location of the northern half of the park. It is located nearly perfectly between the Multipurpose Event Center (Farmer's Market), Praying Hands Sculpture, and the main pedestrian underpass entry at MacArthur Boulevard.
Fig 5.97: A section of the proposed CCS team's Kneeling Miner/Memorial area on top of the old Sucker Flats Mine
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K N EEL IN G MI NE R P ED ES T R IA N The pedestrian and bike trails are the predominant circulation routes within this area of the park. Both pedestrian and bike trails encircle the Kneeling Miner Statue and connect to different areas of the park including the main vehicular circulation route, the Praying Hands Sculpture, the main pedestrian underpass entry, and the Multipurpose Event Center (Farmer's Market). Many gardens and social spaces are organized within and around many of these pedestrian bike and walking trails.
B IKE & VEH ICU L A R There are no major vehicular routes within this area of the park. However, the main vehicular circulation route, the one extending from Main Street, runs adjacent to the Kneeling Miner Statue. There are also many pedestrian trails that connect to this vehicular pathway. There are also no major parking lots near the Kneeling Miner Statue. The closest parking lots to the Kneeling Minor statue are near the Multipurpose Event Center. Not putting parking lots or vehicular paths on this part of the parks makes it not only more pedestrian-friendly, but also encourages more social interaction.
T R OL L EY
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Fig 5.98: CCS team's plan showing pedestrian circulation in the Memorial Space Fig 5.99: CCS team's plan showing vehicular circulation in the Memorial Space Fig 5.100: CCS team's plan showing trolley circulation in the Memorial Space
The nearest trolley line runs outside of the built up hills zone near the main pedestrian underpass entry. The trolley line does not cross the social spaces around the Kneeling Miner Statue because it would interrupt the peaceful and meditative qualities that should be present in this reflective zone. The statue should exist in a peaceful area. Putting a trolley line right by it would disturb and destroy that quality. Although it is important for the statue to be placed in an area within the park that is easily visible, we did not want to place the statue in a place that did not appeal to the pedestrian.
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES ACTI VI TI E S The most important activity that happens is the viewing of the Kneeling Miner Statue. The design organizes the memorial at its central focal point: it is intended to be the visual focus within its surroundings. People may simply observe the memorial in passing or view it in closer detail and take photos. There are predominately walking and biking trails in this area of the park. They accommodate several activities including: walking, bicycling, jogging, and viewing the area. Since most of this area is manicured green space many social functions can be anticipated to happen within this area. There are many unprecedented activities that can happen within green spaces because they are open and can accommodate a wide range of activities. Some of these activities include social gatherings, picnics, and family gatherings.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.102: A picture showing a woman taking a photograph outdoors Fig 5.103: A couple walking through Seeta Park Fig 5.104: A picture of a blanket set out for a picnic Fig 5.105: A woman running through a park in Montana Fig 5.106: A man biking through Central Park Fig 5.107: A couple walking their dogs through the park
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K N EEL IN G MI NE R
P ER S P ECT IVE The perspective shows how the Kneeling Miner Statue is at the center of the historic reflection/memorial area. From the Kneeling Miner Statue, social spaces, built up mounds, gardens, and trees radiate outwards ending at the periphery of the filled in Sucker Flats Lake/Mine. Reflection, remembrance of the past and social activities is the main activities that the spaces accommodate. The built up mounds become important in shaping and creating social spaces around the Kneeling Miner Statue. They also become important in the overall landscaping of the area. Although each built up mound is a little bit different from one another, many hold trees, gardens, wild grasses, manicured grasses, and can accommodate other plants, trees, flower, or even artwork in the future. The intention was to design a passive area that provided a nice atmosphere for social activities to happen around the prominently displayed Kneeling Miner Statue.
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Fig 5.108: An elevation done by the CCS team of the Kneeling Miner statue Fig 5.109: An image showing the existing Kneeling Miner Statue
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
TRE E S & GRASSE S Although this area is intended to be a mostly refined manicured green space that holds social activities as well as showing off the Kneeling Miner Statue, we did not want to propose flowers and grasses that would be unreasonable expensive to maintain. There is only a small portion of the area that contains manicured grass within the green space. But they are spread out so that the area seems expansive. These natural areas that split up the more manicured areas are comprise of wild and natural grasses, such as Buffalo. One important landscaping feature within this area of the park is the flower gardens that are located in several of the built up mounds and the ornamental areas that surround the Kneeling Miner Statue. We propose to only plant flowers that are native to Missouri. These flowers and shrubs include the Showy Golden Rod, Purple Poppy Mallow, and Prairie Drop-Seed. The gardens contain very beautiful flowers, but it was also important to include ornamental shrubs so these gardens were not as laborious to maintain.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.110: Picture of a blossoming pink flower Fig 5.111: Picture of wild grasses growing in Louisiana Fig 5.112 A picture of a butterfly pollinating a flowering Fig 5.113: A picture of buffalo grass growing out on a prarie Fig 5.114: A picture of monarch butterfly pollinating wild flowers
PLANTS This is why we decided to plant Prairie Drop-Seed along with the flowers. The Prairie Drop-Seed grow to 12 inches tall with the flowering stems reaching two to three feet tall. The shrub has a spread that is thirty six inches wide and is fountain shaped, which makes it blend in with the ornamental flowers nicely. As previously state, the flowers that we chose to plant in the garden are all native to Missouri and include: Showy Golden Rod and Purple Poppy Mallow. The Purple Poppy Mallow reaches a height between 6 and 12 inches upon full maturity. The other flower is the Showy Golden Rod, which reaches a height of up to four feet. They are yellow in appearance and require a low amount of maintenance. There are only a few trees within this area of the park. These trees are located on several built up mounds. These trees include the Dogwood, which appears throughout the landscape of the park, and the Pear tree, which extends within this zone of the park from the orchard. These provide the green space areas with subtle levels of shade while still blending into the well manicured atmosphere.
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K N EEL IN G MI NE R PRE CE DE NT STUDY
1904 B OY ON A S WA N The statue of a Boy on A Swan is located in Adelaide Botanical Gardens. A statue created over a hundred years ago, continues to created meaning to members of the local community and is a pleasant surprise to visitors to the park. The statue is located amongst two different types of planting, each high enough that a person can feel the texture of the plants against their legs and hands as they pass through the garden to discover the statue.
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In King Jack Park, the same kind of experience can be created when approaching the Kneeling Miner Statue. A sensual, tactile experience can be created that reveals different aspects about the statue or site.
PRE CE DE NT S T U D Y WATE R I N ADE LA ID E G A R D ENS The water was used in Adelaide Gardens and around the Boy on A Swan statue to both direct people and allow even more areas for people to explore. The image to the left shows one of the ways the water flows through the park. Another area like this is shown in the image below, where the sound of water from the fountains draws people into these pocket garden spaces and allows them a semi-private area to connect to nature and reflect.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.115: The picture to the far left shows one of the paths through Adelaide Park Fig 5.116: The picture to the upper left shows the statue of the Boy on A Swan Fig 5.117: The very top image shows water flowing through Adelaide Gardens Fig 5.118: The above image shows one approach to the Boy on a Swan statue Fig 5.119: The right image shows a water feature area off of a path in Adelaide Fig 5.120: On the bottom right is an image of one of the garden beds in Adelaide
AP PRO AC H One of the best parts about the Boy on A Swan statue is its approach. A careful design sequence was created in the botanical garden, where visitors feel a sense of direction, but are given the option to explore other areas. They are also able to rest nearby and reflect on their journey as they turn corners and are pulled through spaces by different smells and sounds. The design team designed a similar approach to the Kneeling Miner Statue that change over time and incorporate manmade elements.
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FARM ERS MARKE T & MULTI -PURPOSE PAVI LI ON PLAN Webb City has an incredible Farmers Market located at the entrance to King Jack Park. It will continue to be a center of growth and pride in the years to come. As requests grow for fresh local food and shoppers seek relationships with the farms that make fresh food possible, Farmers Markets represent an important retail option that bolsters local economies. The design team recommends that the current Farmers Market pavilions be renovated and expanded to create a Multipurpose Event Center. As seen in the plan at the left, the Multipurpose Event Center would have a “U� shaped organization, which is created by adding two new pavilions at the ends of the existing pavilion. We believe that this organization creates a great arrangement for many events because the circulation between the three pavilions is closer, there is a common space in the center that can be used for a band, playground, and restrooms and vender can bring goods in from outside the "U" shape and the customers can circulate within the "U"shape. The pavilions are conceived of as being flexible spaces that can be segmented off for multiple events simultaneously and the exterior walls can be pivoted up or down to provide an open-air pavilion or closed during inclement weather. The Multipurpose Event Pavilion is located adjacent to the Main Street parkway with convenient parking located on all sides.. Vehicular circulation to the pavilion can be from both the Main Street parkway and Hall Street. By opening up the access to both streets, the Multipurpose Event Center can operate without causing any traffic congestion. When the Multipurpose Event Center was conceived of by the design team, it considered the Farmers Market activities to be just one of many events that would be held in this center. Other events that were discussed were the Mining Days Festival, Polar Express Activities, Citywide Picnics in the Park, Parks Department Movies in the Park, craft shops, swap meets, reunions, graduations, weddings, etc.
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Fig 5.121: A picture of the proposed CCS team's plan forthe Multi-Purpose Pavilion and Farmers' Market Area
EX IS T ING M A R KET
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
EXI STI NG MARKE T- I DE AS & THOUGHTS There are some features of the existing Farmers Market in Webb City that must be retained. For example, individuals with disabilities can go from the designated parking into the pavilions on paved surfaces and shop, the entire market is completely connected allowing for a seamless transition from one space to the next without having to go outside in inclement weather, and they are always just a few steps from their car so the can easily carry goods from the market stalls to their cars. The same applies for cyclist, they can easily bike to the market and have the same accessibility available to them. Fig 5.122: A picture showing produce at the Webb City Farmers Market Fig 5.123: A picture of the existing Webb City Farmers Martket in late summer 2013
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MARK ET & PAVI LI ON SPACE
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PED EST RI AN
VE HI CULAR
B IKE
In the design team's plan, pedestrian access the pavilion from a multitude of direction and are able to enter the market at a variety of points. Not only can pedestrians circulate through the market, but also through the "courtyard" center that has been provided. There is also a great sense of connection to the rest of King Jack Park from the Multipurpose Event Pavilions.
Vehicular circulation was completely reconsidered for the Multipurpose Event Pavilion. Now, circulation can happen on four sides with abundant parking available. Vendors can not only back their vehicles straight into the pavilion space, but also customers can access the pavilion from a variety of points while allowing the majority of circulation to happen on the outside of the pavilion. Vehicles can move around the pavilion without disturbing activities within the pavilion.
Bicyclist can now access the Multipurpose Event Pavilions from other areas of Webb City. Bike routes are provided along the Main Street parkway that extends into the city center and surrounding residential neighborhoods. It is important to allow the access of bikers to the pavilion space as it is rented out for a variety of venues that can attract a greater audience than just the Farmers Market alone.
Fig 5.124: A plan of the proposed CCS team's Multi-purpose Pavilion area and its highlighted pedestrian circulation Fig 5.125: A plan of the proposed CCS team's Multi-purpose Pavilion area and its highlighted vehicular circulation Fig 5.126: A plan of the proposed CCS team's Multi-purpose Pavilion area and its highlighted bike circulation
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES
ACTI VI TI E S One of the most integral aspects of the pavilions is their ability to accommodate a wide range of activities. Whether it is sitting and relaxing or strolling through the market, the pavilion must be able to adapt to different kinds of events. A couple of activities that were brought to the attention of the design team include the ability for youth to safely play in some kind of central area, as well as the ability for musicians and bands to perform in or near the pavilion. Both of these activities were taken into account within the center courtyard space. Over time, as the wants, needs, and concerns of the community change, this multipurpose pavilion can adapt to these changes. Instead of places to shop for food or listen to music, the pavilion may become an area used for educational purposes, a strong festival component, or a place to gather and celebrate.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.127: A picture showing tomato produce at a farmers market Fig 5.128: A picture a couple walking their dogs Fig 5.129: A picture outdoor dining at a municipal park Fig 5.130: A picture showing kids running throug a park Fig 5.131: A picture showing outdoor music performance
T YP ES OF SPACE The design of the Multipurpose Event Pavilion must always consider the surrounding context of the building and its connection to Webb City and King Jack Park. One major consideration is how the event center connects to and affects the surrounding neighborhoods. The center is close to the houses on Hall Street and could obstruct their view and use of the park. Another consideration is the memorial space across the proposed Main Street from the center and courtyard space.
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M ARK ET & PAVI LI ON SPACE
P ER S P ECT IVE The design team proposes that the Multipurpose Event Pavilion: • First, the pavilion should be larger than the existing pavilion in width to cater to larger crowds and more vendors. • Second, the "U" shaded pavilion should be designed with operable doors that pivot open and closed depending on the event and season. This allows the pavilion to have a higher rate of utilization. • Third, the doors of the pavilion can also allow multiple events to happen at once. This will further help to boost the economic return from the pavilion.
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Fig 5.132: A perspective showing the CCS team's proposed idea for the Multi-Purpose Pavilion Fig 5.133: An image of a fruit and vegeatable stand in Dallas Texas
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
TRE E S The planting of trees around the Multipurpose Event Pavilion and nearby spaces can add new spaces for use and increase the desirability of the existing pavilion area. Different trees have been planned for these purposes. Flowering Dogwoods and various flowering trees can be used within the courtyard space, bringing seasonal beauty and aromas to the pavilions. Trees that grow to a significant height within the areas were used to provide shade, especially in the courtyard space of the pavilion. Shaded areas include the play areas, paths, music venue areas/ gazebos, picnic tables, and rest areas. Trees should be selected that require low maintenance in this area. However, some trees can provide opportunities for new uses of the space around the pavilion even if they are higher maintenance. This may include trees that lose large amounts of leaves, providing spaces for children to jump into piles of leaves during the fall. A tree is more than shade, it creates a place, brings people together, makes noises, produces smells, supports wildlife, and can begin to set up stories and narratives with King Jack Park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.134: An image of a flowering dogwood Tree Fig 5.135: An image of an oak tree Fig 5.136: An image of a copper iris flower Fig 5.137: An image of a purple iris flower
PLANTS The plants around the pavilion can tell their own story of King Jack Park and allow for new stories to be told. When people see Crown Imperials bloom they will know its spring, when they smell flowers at music event they can relate it to a certain time and place in their lives. Plants can be strongly associated with memories and place. The plants around the pavilion can encourage insects to pollinate them, bringing in butterflies and other types of creatures. These can do a variety of things for the pavilion, it can promote the items on sale within it, it can allow for a educational opportunity if the pavilion is used for classrooms or different teaching venues, it can bring memories through sounds and smells, as well as create a beautiful space for the citizens of Webb City to enjoy. As the pavilion and King Jack Park grows over the course of the next 30 years, the plants that are selected can reflect the current desires and aspirations of the people using and planning the park. Plantings need not be static, frozen elements in time, but a part of each generation's own story. Fig 5.138: The image to the righ is of a Crown Imperial flower
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P REC ED ENT STUDY
CIT Y M A R KET- KA NS A S CIT Y Farmers Markets were studied for their ability to accommodate large groups of people in a short amount of time, as well as provide storage for existing venues and events. The City Market of Kansas City was an excellent market to compare to Webb City's. Both within a similar context, next to water, a park, and a major highway, the two markets currently differ greatly. The adequate parking, flow, permanent storage, and historic character are all important parts of the City Market that would be beneficial to Webb City as it grows. Moreover, the City Market is also home to the Arabia Steamboat Museum.
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MARKE T & PAVI LI ON S P A CE P R ECED ENT S T U D Y CONT EX T The City Market shares a context not unlike that of King Jack Park. It is surrounded by major roadways, has a close proximity to water, is within a residential and commercial district, and is near a park. The strength of the City Market is its circulation routes, which help control traffic and allow a greater number of people to come and experience different venues. The design team took these ideas and adapted them to address issues and concerns community members voiced about their own market, parking space, and circulation through King Jack Park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.139: The picture to the far left shows the interior of the City Market Fig 5.140: The picture to the upper left shows an aerial view of the Market Fig 5.141: The very top image shows the entire context of the market and area Fig 5.142: The above image shows a view of the market and Kansas City Fig 5.143: The image to the upper right shows an aerial of vehicles at the market Fig 5.144: On the bottom right is an image of one of the gates into the market
ASSET S The City Market has an extensive calendar, hosting concerts, festivals and other special events April through December. During the cold months vendor stalls move into the enclosed heated pavilion. Once it becomes warm the garage doors go up and everything becomes an open air market for the season. The City Market shops, restaurants and businesses are open all week long and all year round - seven days a week. All the businesses keep their own days and hours. The City Market is one of the largest outdoor concert venues in Kansas City accommodating up to 10,000 people. Products and venues are showcased from around the region and world at large.
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T RAN SIT ION HI LLS
PLAN The Transition Hills are located in the central north section of King Jack Park. The transitional space was established to serve as a buffer between the north and south sides of the park and as a place for reflection about ones previously experiences in the park. What occurs in this area is that a dramatic elevation change occurs between the northern section of the southern section of the park when its compared to the elevation change between the Multipurpose Event Pavilions and the Sucker Flats Lake/Mine historical reference. When changes in elevation happen, new views and perspectives are created. The new views and perspectives give way to past experiences and help create new insights. With most activities to the north of the Transition Hills being experienced before you reach the hills themselves, this allows for the elevation change to provide new views and
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experiences of the north side of King Jack Park. But what the Transition Hills provide to the north side of the park they also provide the south side as well. After traveling through programmed elements on the north side of the park the Transition Hills give a reflective view back to the north side and an anticipatory view to the south side of the park. Thus, the progression of experiences is reversed on the south side, beginning with the Transition Hills. The hills simultaneously become an element of reflection and foreshadowing. When experiencing the south sides, the Transition Hills, look on to what is to come. This preview is what provides a connection to other elements in the park, which also helps provide more experiences in King Jack Park.
Fig 5.145: A plan of the proposed CCS team's idea for the transitional hill area of King Jack Park
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
VEGETATION
LOOKOUT POINT
PATH
RESTING AREA
VEGETATION
RESTING AREA
PATH
VEGETATION
P L A N & S ECT ION
SE CTI ON This section of the Transition Hills accurately displays the change in elevation and how this area becomes a lookout point. At the highest point, pedestrians are around twenty feet above the rest of the park elements, create for a new view of King Jack Park. What the section provides that other drawings do not is an accurate comparison of all spaces within the Transition Hills. The section begins to show the hills are something
that directly separates spaces and indirectly connects spaces through views. While the Transition Hills may be largely an element of progression, it does provide its own experience much like other programmed elements. This experience is achieved completely at the top of the hills.
Fig 5.146: A section of the proposed CCS team's idea for the transitional hill area of King Jack Park
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T RAN SIT ION HI LLS P ED ES T R IA N The Transition Hills are an area primarily for pedestrians, joggers, and cyclist. With the space being one that is reflective and foreshadowing, experiencing the space on foot is ideal. Pedestrians will more than likely begin from the north end of King Jack Park and arrive at the Transition Hills after experiencing many other programmed spaces. Reaching the top of the hills will provide views to nearly all parts of King Jack Park.
VEH ICU L A R There is no vehicular access to the Transition Hills, although drivers will be able to experience the Transition Hills because the hills are surrounded by roads on three sides. While driving, the change in elevation of the hills will be recognized and the transition from the northern to southern sections of the park will be noted and experienced.
B IKE
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Fig 5.147: The proposed CCS team's plan for the Transition Hills pedestrian circulation Fig 5.148: The proposed CCS team's plan for the Transition Hills vehicular circulation Fig 5.149: The proposed CCS team's plan for the Transition Hills bike circulation
Bikes are similar to pedestrians walking in that they can take the same paths others use to walk or run. For bikers, this space will give the feeling of accomplishment when riding up the hill, providing the reflection when reaching the top. But unlike traditional bike paths that take the same path down as up, following the path to the south side of King Jack Park will provide even more trails to experience. The bike trails through the Transition Hills will follow the pedestrians walking paths. The sequential experience of the Transitional Hills will be the same as the pedestrians, but the speed at which it is experienced will be faster.
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES ACTI VI TI E S The Transition Hills area is dedicated to passive pursuits. Within this transitional area there are no structured activities or formal elements that require a certain action. The Transition Hills is an area of freedom. People experiencing the space have the freedom to do what they wish. The Transition Hills will provide a passive setting for those who wish to relax and reflect. When thinking about this transition space it can easily be defined as a dividing point, a place of rest, between two active zones. Resting places may be as small as a place to sit in the grass or as expansive as a cluster of benches with a hilltop view. The Transition Hills is what you make of it, a place to: rest, relax, reflect, write, read, walk, run, bike, or view the park.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.150: An image of a woman running uphill in Central Park Fig 5.151: An image of a woman reading in the park Fig 5.152: An image of an elderly woman sitting on a park bench Fig 5.153: An image of a family biking together Fig 5.154: An image of a man walking his dog Fig 5.155: An image of a woman birdwatching at a park area
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T RAN SIT ION HI LLS
SP A T IA L QU A L IT IES When it comes to other spaces in King Jack Park, specifically an active event, there is a specific experience that is achieved by participating in the activity. However, in the Transition Hills there is no specific event or programmed activity; it is a free/passive use zone. By walking to the top of the hills, there is a sense of progression and accomplishment, which is the root of the experience here. It is at the top where this experience is fully realized. And from the top, the views looking to the southern section of King Jack Park give way to new experiences to come. But, it is really the personal journey through the Transitional Hills that is the message. Fig 5.156: An image of the rolling hill landscape in Johnson Park Fig 5.157: An image of a park pench during an evening sunset in the fall
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PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S TRE E S The trees within the Transition Hills are mostly manicured with a few that give a more natural look. This greatly depends on their location within this transitional zone. At the crest of the hills, there are manicured areas that feature River Birches, Evergreens, Red Maples, and White Oaks. The paths are what define the placement of trees because the paths weave around them. Similar to trees, the grasses follow the same properties. Some are more manicured where the manicured trees are located, while others grow more naturally. Allowing areas to become more natural not only shows off the actual nature, but reduces the areas that require maintenance. Some of the grasses within the area include Buffalo Grass, Blue Stem Grass, and Fescue Grass. When it comes to the Transition Hills, the more manicured areas of trees and grasses happen at the top of the hills, while the more natural areas happen along the hillsides. Finally, similar to both trees and grasses in the Transition Hills are the flowers. Of the flowers that are manicured, they are near the top of the hill to bring out the detail of the area, while the wild flowers grow taller and thicker down the hill. Overall, the idea behind the different types of plants is to accentuate certain areas, while conveying certain feelings in others.
Fig 5.158: An image of a huge Oak tree growing in a city park Fig 5.159: An image of an American Elm Tree Fig 5.160: An image showing one of the many more manicured grass types, in this case a Fescue Grass Fig 5.161: An image showing the growth of Buffalo Grass Fig 5.162: An image of Blue Stem grass growing in a park landscape Fig 5.163: The above image shows a close-up of purple Iris flowers growing
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
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PREC ED ENT STUDY- TRANSI TI ON HI LLS
J OH NS ON P A R K IN P IS CA T A WA Y Johnson Park in Piscataway makes use of the extreme elevation changes within the park as an enticement for local runners, bikers, and community members. This hilly park is designs with ideas about how people move up through a slope; making that a very meaningful experience. Though a majority of King Jack is relatively flat, the design team proposes that soil could be brought in to create the suggested elevation change and create new vantage points from which to view the park, as well as modulate the speed that people move around and through the park. Hills must be planned carefully, to provide a variety of options and challenges for moving over and through the park, while making sure that accessible route are provided for people of all capabilities.
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TRANSI TI ON PR ECED ENT S T U D Y RE F LE CT ION The passive settings within the Transitional Hills with its various hillocks punctuating the landscape make for an ideal place for reflective contemplation. Whether it is the lone person lost in thought idly strolling through the tall grass or the family reflecting on their journey across the park's expanse, it does not matter. The aimless freedom to do as you please among the hillocks is the message we wish to convey in this transitional zone. Whether this hillock zone is ever conceptually linked back to its inspirational origins in the minds of the design team, the chat piles of the mining industry that are so prevalent throughout the region, is irrelevant; it is the reflective journey of the individual mind that is important.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.164: The picture to the far left shows a trail on a hill in Johnson Park Fig 5.165: The picture to the upper left shows a hill weaving through plantings Fig 5.166: The very top image shows a pond with a trail in Piscataway Fig 5.167: The above image shows a playground area in Johnson Park Fig 5.168: The image to the right shows a hill in Piscataway during the fall Fig 5.169: On the bottom right is an image of a large hill area outside of Piscataway
EL EV AT IO N C HAN G E A PLUS It is the elevational change in Johnson Park that allows park visitors to enjoy a diverse array of unique aspects of the park. This includes views to other areas of town and the park itself, and interesting areas of shadow on the northern parts of these large hills. King Jack can use hills within the park to reference some of its mining history that dealt with the chat piles. Even if most of the park does not enoy major elevation changes, within the next thirty years the park can add land to existing topography to help give this effect and change the perception of both the park and its history.
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AMPHIT HEATE R PLAN The Amphitheater is located in the central south section of the park. Near it is a parking lot and the trolley off of Main Street. The Amphitheater can seat up to 2,500 people. This site could operate in a number of ways. It could have activities like concerts, pageants, meetings, and even auctions. This outdoor amphitheater could also provide a means for funding for the park. The design of the Amphitheater is formally designed on the east side and on the west side becomes less formal and more natural in landscaping. Walkways circle around the main stage to have views downward into the sunken Amphitheater. Native grasses and landscaping will be in planters around the Amphitheater creating unique gardens to view while walking around the site. The stage itself is concrete while the land surrounding it is stone creating a natural barrier from the stage to the audience. The seating surrounding the stage is comprised of large grass terracing with a concrete ledge for sitting. Lawn chairs and blankets could also be brought to the area of the theater that is not terraced for less formal seating. The location of the Amphitheater was decided by the natural landscape on the site. The site has a large natural basin that would be perfect for a new Amphitheater. The Amphitheater would also have a nice backdrop of Paradise Lakes located in the short distance. The Amphitheater is located far enough away from other event areas to allow for easy listening and natural views of the landscape.
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Fig 5.170: The plan of the CCS team's proposed amphitheater area
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
PATHWAY
STAIRS
PATHWAY
GRASS
STAGE
GRASS
PATHWAY
RAMP
P L A N & S ECT ION
SE CTI ON In section the Amphitheater is made up of a series of land terraces. The center of the circle is elevated giving the band more presence in the site. Surrounding the elevated stage is a natural grasses and stone area creating a barrier between the stage and audience. Trees are located with accurate heights so views of the stage are still visible by all audience members. The
surrounding sidewalk folds down as stairs on one side of the outdoor Amphitheater and the other side gently slopes into the landscape for ADA accessibility. In total there are two stairways downward into the theater and one ramp. All of these means of transportation are connected by a circular sidewalk located around the perimeter of the Amphitheater.
Fig 5.171: The plan of the CCS team's proposed amphitheater area in King Jack Park
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AMPHIT HEATE R
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PED EST RIAN & BI KE
VE HI CULAR
T R OL L EY
Pedestrian and bike circulation is located around the perimeter of the Amphitheater. Small stairs and ramps are carved into the natural landscape downward into the basin of the Amphitheater. Ramps are also available for ADA circulation on the site. To the west side of the Amphitheater there are a few meandering pathways for the runner, walker, or biker who can casually circulating through the site. Paths are split and divided to create unique gardens in the midst of all of pedestrian circulation.
There is no direct vehicular circulation through this park component. However, there is surrounding vehicular roads within walking distance. There is a road located to the west, north, and east and two parking lots are located close. One of the lots will host up to 150 cars and the other lot will host about 100 cars. It is intended that not all people attending an event would park in this area, but might park downtown and ride the trolley to the Amphitheater.
The trolley can help the functioning of the Amphitheater in many ways. Parking is limited around the Amphitheater so people wanting to attend an event could park downtown and ride the trolley to the front entrance of the Amphitheater. There is a trolley stop adjacent to the Amphitheater to serve this purpose. This will help to eliminate the congestion and cars clutter that would occur in the area, if we had to provide parking for 2500 patrons, as well as promote local businesses in the downtown area.
Fig 5.172: The proposed CCS team's plan for the Amphitheater area pedestrian and bike circulation Fig 5.173: The proposed CCS team's plan for the Amphitheater area vehicular circulation Fig 5.174: The proposed CCS team's plan for the Amphitheater area bike circulation
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES ACTI VI TI E S The activities located at the Amphitheater could include: watching a show, listening to a lecture, watching a movie, participating in a community dance, and attending a graduation ceremony. Other types of activities might include lounging; this could happen during a show by relaxing on the sloped landscape or could happen when no event is happening and someone wants to enjoy the space. The Downstream Casino is a nearby venue that also offers outdoor concerts. However the atmosphere at the King Jack Park Amphitheater would be much different than the concert space at the Downstream Casino. King Jack Park's Amphitheater could also include fair and carnival events. If the fair or carnival's grounds were spread around the site, events like pageants and talent shows could take place at the amphitheater.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
The main idea of the space is that it can be used as a multiple event space; its location makes it suitable for many events. Fig 5.175: An image showing both plantings and a ferries wheel in a park carnival celebration Fig 5.176: An image of a woman laying down in the park Fig 5.177: An image of a outdoor park concert Fig 5.178: An image of a child dancing in the park area during a festival
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AMPHIT HEATE R
P ER S P ECT IVE This perspective shows the scale of the Amphitheater and how many people it could seat. Even though the Amphitheater is primarily a commercial endeavor within the park, it still takes full advantage of its natural setting. Surrounded by trees the Amphitheater provides the patron a strong sense of place and a realization that they are not in an everyday environment. The perspective also shows the different types of plantings and how these plantings are arranged to enhance the location of the Amphitheater. For example, different types of grasses are planted in the lounging areas than on the terraced seating areas. The perspective also shows how the circulation pathways are incorporated into the landscape of the site. The Amphitheater is meant to look like it has been in this location for years.
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Fig 5.179: A perspective of the CCS team's proposed outdoor amphitheater area Fig 5.180: An image of an outdoor movie screening at a park in Mexico
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
TRE E S & GRASSE S Trees around the Amphitheater are both manicured and natural depending on which side of the Amphitheater they are located. On the east side of the Amphitheater the trees are much more manicured. They consist of Dogwood, Maple, and American Elm trees, like those that lines Main Street. On the west side of the Amphitheater the trees are left natural. The walking trails on the west side flow in and out of the trees and create a whimsical, playful environment. Grasses around the Amphitheater follow a similar order scheme as the trees. Grasses are more manicured to the east and less to the west. Pedestrian pathways start to frame areas for these different types of grasses and gardens throughout the Amphitheater. The gardens on the west side of the Amphitheater contain more natural grasses and trees, such as Blue-Stem, and Buffalo Grass.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.181: An image of a Cherry Blossom Tree blossoming Fig 5.182: An image of Cherry Blossoms Fig 5.183: An image of mowed Fescue grass in a park space FIg 5.184 An image of dandelions growing in a field Fig 5.185: An image of dandelion flowers growing in an outdoor setting
PL AN T S The Amphitheater itself has no plantings due to the fact that people will be sitting on the landscape. Surrounding the Amphitheater a series of gardens surround the pathways. The main pathways are surrounded by secondary stone and dirt paths that can also be experienced. These are meditative paths, areas to think, read, or watch the surrounding environment. The area to the west of the Amphitheater also does not include many plantings because it is open land for events like a fair, festival, or just an area to lounge in the grass. The plants that are toward the west of the Amphitheater are not manicured. The majority of these flowers are wildflowers and Sneezeweed.
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P REC ED ENT STUDY- SWARTHMORE COLLE GE ’S SCOTT OU T D OOR A M P H IT H EA T ER
CONT EX T One of Swarthmore's most treasured spaces is its Amphitheater designed by noted Philadelphia landscape architect Thomas W. Sears and constructed in 1942. It is there that students begin and end their four years at Swarthmore - with a tradition called First Collection, during which students pass candlelight from one to another, connecting and “collecting” the new class; and Commencement, the final step of a student's journey on campus and the beginning of the class members' new lives as graduates. Tulip trees and White Oaks provide the ceiling for the Amphitheater, where the university holds concerts, dances, theater performances, weddings, and parties.
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A M P H IT H EA T ER MAN-MADE B A L A NCE A major part of the success of Scott Outdoor Amphitheater is that the designer gave thought to how different trees would grow and interact with steps and create shading over time. Trees were planted as to allow an organic and natural organization, seemingly blurring the lines of what was created by man and what has grown on the land there. This balance is also seen in the main pavilion/stage space, which does not have a structure but a backdrop of the surrounding forest and vegetation instead. The amphitheater in King Jack Park should be designed with the same attitudes towards balancing natural elements.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.186: The picture to the far left shows the Scott amphitheater Fig 5.187: The picture to the upper left shows Scott with a large crowd Fig 5.188: The top image shows some of the surrounding space around Scott and the restful areas surrounded by nature Fig 5.189: The image to the right shows another angle of Scott with a crowd Fig 5.190: The image to the bottom right shows the changing seasons at Scott
BIO ST REAM & SU RRO U N DI NGS The area around the Scott Outdoor Amphitheater provides visitors the opportunity to see majestic trees and beautiful gardens during an afternoon. Just visible above the trees, the bronze dome of the Arboretum offices invites guests to enter into the peaceful garden filled with a variety of perennial plantings and containers overflowing with plants of varied colors and textures. The stone filled creek bed is planted in a naturalistic manner with native grasses and flowering perennials. When necessary, the area can direct storm water runoff and create a new water feature.
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O RC HARD PLAN The Orchard is located east of the Amphitheater in King Jack Park. Along the Main Street parkway the activities and events spaces that have been programmed are quite ordered and structure on the city grid. As you move away from the Main Street parkway towards the periphery of the park the activities and event spaces are less and less programmed and take on a natural state. This is evident in the Orchard area located between the Main Street parkway and Hall Street. This Orchard area has been planted in a rigid grid pattern to reflect the imposed man-made city grid within the landscape and to contrast it with the free forms of natural expressions evident in King Jack Park. The trees that have been planted in the Orchard grid are Pear, Pecan, and possibly other fruit trees. The Orchard area will require maintenance. The level of maintenance required depends on the types of trees selected; none fruit bearing trees require less maintenance than fruit bearing trees. Depending on the community's wishes, any kind of tree can be used within the Orchard to achieve the grid ordered system desired.
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Fig 5.191: An image showing the proposed CCS team's plan for the Orchard Space in King Jack Park Fig 5.192: The image on the right page is showing the proposed CCS team's section for the Orchard Space in King Jack Park
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
PEAR TREE
GREEN
PEAR TREE
GREEN
PEAR TREE
GREEN
AMERICAN ELM
PATH
NATURAL GRASS
BIKE LANE
TWO-WAY STREET
NATURAL GRASS
PATH
AMERICAN ELM
GREEN
P L A N & S ECT ION
SE CTI ON This section displays the layout of the Orchard and how it interacts with the surrounding programmed elements. As seen in the section above, two walking paths, a twoway street, and a bike lane all coexist next to one another. This creates an efficient space where different types of transportation can occur. This compilation of program allows for a condensed street that feels safe at all times of the day. The ordered structure of this area of the park is apparent in this section: the central section of King Jack Park is located on the left edge of the section, next is the circulation spine of
the Main Street parkway with its canopy of American Elm trees shading the street, pedestrian paths and bike lane, to the right of the section is the Orchard with its regimented grid of trees. When viewed in plan, the Orchard grid can be seen to span the Main Street parkway in a few places and transition into the natural arrangement of the park. In this way there is no hard edge created by the Orchard within the park, rather there is a blurring between the man-made order and nature.
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O RC HARD
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P ED ESTRI AN
VE HI CULAR
B IKE
Pedestrian circulation in the Orchard area begins from the Main Street parkway. Pedestrians can walk up and down the parkway and upon reaching the Orchard area they can then break off the path to explore Orchard freely. The Orchard area is setup in a way that is gridded, although pedestrians do not have to follow this grid and can walk anywhere they wish. Giving the pedestrian this freedom to circulate throughout the Orchard area was intended so that the area becomes more natural and circulation becomes freer.
How vehicles circulate through the Orchard area differs from the pedestrian circulation. Vehicles are limited to the Main Street parkway; however the structure of the gridded Orchard is still experienced through views down the rows of trees. As people drive by, there will still be a structured feeling from the road when looking into the Orchard area.
The circulation of bikes in the Orchard area is similar to both the pedestrian and vehicle circulation of the space. What might be limiting bikers in the Orchard area may be that there are no formal paths for use, although since they are not vehicles, bikes have the freedom to experience the space much like a pedestrian walking through the space. Bikers will be able to fully experience the ordered and natural orchard given their circulating freedom.
Fig 5.193: The proposed CCS team's plan for the orchard area pedestrian circulation Fig 5.194: The proposed CCS team's plan for the orchard area vehicular circulation Fig 5.195: The proposed CCS team's plan for the orchard area bike circulation
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES
ACTI VI TI E S The activities that can occur in the Orchard area are not limited in that there is no specific activity designed for the space, for example, people can: walk dogs, throw a Frisbee, picnic, take a nap, or read. There are almost a limitless number of activities that can happen in the Orchard because the space is not programmed in that way. What makes the area less programmed is that there are no formal paths for circulation through the space. Activities are, therefore, not restricted by paths or interfering circulation. This gives way to people creating their own activities for the area and defining the Orchard as something that could be more than just an orchard. From freedom to do as people wish, to providing the freedom to develop the space as they wish, the Orchard area is a space that with its use, one or many activities will define the Orchard's future qualities.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.196: An image of a woman reading in a Philadelphia park Fig 5.197: A picture of a woman sitting on a park bench Fig 5.198: A photo of birdwatchers in a state park area Fig 5.199: A photo of a man and his dog in Burlington, Iowa Fig 5.200: A father and son playing catch outdoors Fig 5.201: A picture of a woman reading in a park
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O RC HARD
P ER S P ECT IVE This perspective of the Orchard illustrates the system of gridded features and their relationship to the surrounding landscape. This idea should be perceived from all views from outside and inside the area. Allowing the grid to fade into the natural setting produces visual and cognitive connections between the man-made and natural elements of King Jack Park.
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Fig 5.202: A perspective done by the CCS team showing the orchard space in King Jack Park Fig 5.203: A couple running through a Seatlle municipal park
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S TRE E S The Orchard area features trees such as Pear, Pecan, and even fruit bearing trees. All trees will be able to create the gridded system of this area in the form of a formal orchard that becomes more natural as it dissolves into the other areas of King Jack Park. Which trees make up the Orchard depends on the amount of time and money that can be devoted to its maintenance. Using fruit bearing trees may or may not be the desired tree for the Orchard area, although conceptually the space was intended to have fruit bearing tree as is evident by the name of the area; Orchard. When it comes to plants and grasses in the Orchard area, plants that require minimal maintenance, but do not grow too tall will be preferred. While there is an ordered system with the trees, grasses and plants should take on a more natural feel. Grasses that would be ideal for this area might include Fescue grass or Buffalo grass as they do not grow too tall when not maintained.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.204: An image of a huge Oak tree growing in a city park Fig 5.205: An image of an American Elm Tree Fig 5.206: An image showing one of the many more manicured grass types, in this case a Fescue Grass Fig 5.207: An image showing the growth of Buffalo Grass Fig 5.208: An image of Blue Stem grass growing in a park landscape
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O RC HARD PRE CE DE NT STUDY - KRE PS APPLE F ARM
H IS T OR Y
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Fig 5.209: A sign for Kreps Apple Barn Fig 5.210: A picture showing Kreps Apple Barn and some of the equipment they use at the orchard
Kreps Apple Barn began in 1984 when Lee Kreps and his son planted 1150 apple trees and planted an additional 500 the following year. Thus, the orchard was born. There quickly was too much for Lee to take care of and with the decline of the wholesale market Lee was forced to retire. He was unsuccessful at selling the orchard so his grandson Jimmy took over the orchard. Now Kreps Apple Orchard is in full swing and proves that with some help from family it can easily and successfully be maintained. This lesson of the Kreps Apple Orchard can be applied to Webb City that maintenance can be manageable. This is because with only a couple of people, Kreps Apple Orchard is able to be completely maintained. For King Jack Park the scale of the orchard could be smaller than that of Kreps Apple Orchard or larger and fully functional.
ORCHA R D P R ECED ENT S T U D Y PRODUCTS AND KING J A CK P A R K
Some of the apples at Kreps Apple Barn farms are Paula Red, McIntosh, Jonathan, Empire, Honey Crisp, Golden Delicious, Red Delicious, Mutzu, and Ida Red. All of these apples are eventually used for cider as well. For King Jack Park, using the scale of Kreps Apple Barn as a reference, it can be determined the size that would be most ideal for the park. This depends on the level of maintenance and type of tree. King Jack Park and Webb City can use this as a tool to show how they can use an orchard to attract people to the area, increase income, and provide more healthy options.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.211: A photo of Kreps Apple Barn Orchard workers out during winter Fig 5.212: A photo of Kreps Apple Barn Orchard apples up close Fig 5.213: A photo of Kreps Apple Barn Orchard apple trees during the summer Fig 5.214: A photo of a bushel of apples
T HE O RC HARD Kreps Apple Barn provides many kinds of apples and cider to its customers. The orchard itself covers an area of 10 acres, fully covered in dense apple trees. What makes Kreps Apple Barn unique and different from other orchards is the way they do business. Most orchards are traditionally strictly commercial, selling directly to redistributors. Kreps Apple Farm on the other hand functions more as a “carnival”. Customers come to the barn and are provided with a real farm experience. There are also hayrides and rope swings. The apples can also be purchased from the Monroe Farmer's Market in Monroe, Michigan.
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EXT EN D ED LAKE S
PLAN Three interconnected lakes currently exist in the King Jack Park. They are located in the central south section of the park. The design team recommends that these lakes be enlarged in size by connecting them into one single lake. By doing so, this would allow for the introduction of more water activities to happen within the park. We suggest the construction of a small fishing pier. We also suggest the development of a boat dock and boat house where small paddle boats, canoes or kayaks can be rented. At this location we recommend the development of changing and restrooms for people who would like to swim and/or boat.
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On the north side of the lake are small garden areas nestled between walkways. These areas can be used for multiple passive activities with the lake as their background. Trees are scattered throughout the plan provide shade to fisherman and picnickers in the summer months. The majority of this area is dedicated to water activities or a place to watch, meditate, and view the natural and manicured landscape of King Jack Park.
Fig 5.215: The CCS team's proposed plan for the lake area of King Jack Park
P L A N & S ECT ION
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
LAKE SECTION SE CTI ON In the section above the dock area is shown with the tree break buffer illustrated in the distance. These trees will provide shade in the summer and shelter from the winter wind. During the summer this dock can be used to launch the rental boats and in the winter, possibly, it might be able to be used by ice skaters. The area
around the lake has lighted pathways so people can stroll alongside the lake in the evening. Although not seen in this section, the Georgia City Bridge has been retained in its current location and a second bridge has been installed.
Fig 5.216: The CCS team's proposed section for the lake area of King Jack Park during winter time
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EXT EN D ED LAKE S P ED ES T R IA N & B IKE Pedestrian and bike circulation around the lake was designed to enhance the natural features of Paradise Lake. Pathways begin to intertwine making small garden and playground areas for the park user to enjoy. Some of the pedestrian walkways extend off of the main path over the water and can be used as docks or for fishing. Selected walks and docks have glass openings in the surface to provide views of the fish and plant life.
VEH ICU L A R There is no direct vehicular circulation through this park area. However, there are vehicular roads and parking within a short walking distance to both the east and the west. The extension of Main Street is located to the east side of the lake giving all drivers a view of the lake and the activities taking place on the lake.
B OA T
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Fig 5.217: The proposed CCS team's plan for the lake area pedestrian circulation Fig 5.218: The proposed CCS team's plan for the lake area vehicular circulation Fig 5.219: The proposed CCS team's plan for the lake area bike circulation
By extending paradise lake it opens opportunity for boat circulation. These would be small scale boats like paddle boats or canoes. The entire lake (because of the lake expansion) can be entirely usable for boat circulation. The lake is about 200 feet long and 400 feet wide. This size allows plenty of room for multiple circulation patterns to occur in the space. There are also designed boat docks to allow for water access much more accessible to the users of the space. Boats can be tied up at these docks when fishing or in between rounds of paddle boating. A boat dock and house has been included for the boat rental and storage.
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES ACTI VI TI E S The activities associated with expanded Paradise Lake could include boating, fishing, swimming, picnicking, sun bathing, and people watching. Biking and running tracks continue around the perimeter of the lake giving the space an active component. Paddle boating and canoeing could happen during summer months. This activity could become a main attraction of the park, especially in the warmer summer months. The lake also acts as a backdrop for many surrounding park activities such as the adjacent Amphitheater, Transitional Hills, Main Street parkway, and fairground/carnival area.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.220: A photo of the bridge over Paradise lake in King Jack Fig 5.221: An image of a mother and son paddle boating Fig 5.222: An image of a husband and wife canoeing through a Louisiana lake area through low grasses and wetlands Fig 5.223: An image of young man fishing at a park dock Fig 5.224: An image of a woman reading and writing in a park
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EXT EN D ED LAKE S
P ER S P ECT IVE This perspective of Paradise Lake illustrates the active and passive activities that will occur around the lake. From sitting in the shade and taking in the scenery to playing touch football on the banks of the lake to strolling with your family there will be activities for all ages at the new enlarged lake. Around the lake flower gardens would be created with places for people to congregate, socialize, and picnic. People of all ages could enjoy fishing or renting a boat and floating on the lake. Or, you might just sit on the dock and put your feet in the water and laze away the day.
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Fig 5.225: A perspective image by the CCS team showing the bridge over Paradise Lake Fig 5.226: A image of a park lake in Minnesota
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S TRE E S & GRASSE S The trees located near Paradise Lake would have large, Expansive canopies to cast wide cooling shadows during the hot summer months. These trees will be scattered randomly throughout the area, yet consciously placed close to the water's edge for their shading benefit. The grass selected for around the lake area should be soft and encourage you to sit on the lake shore to fish or talk. We also recommend introducing Water Lilies to the lake to add color and aroma to the setting.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.227: An image of a water lilly blooming amongst lilly pads in a park lake setting Fig 5.228: An image of beautiful flowers, trees, and plantings near a lake in Minnesota Fig 5.229: An image of ducks and wildlife within an existing park lake ecosystem
PL AN T S As previously stated we recommend using Water Lilies in the lake for color and aroma. Another water plant we suggest is the Bulrush, which grows best along shorelines with firmer sediment like clay, sand, or gravel in up to three feet of water.
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L AK E ARE A PRE CE DE NT STUDY - GRAY ’S LAKE PARK
L A ND S CA P E The centerpiece of the park is the 100 acre Gray's Lake with its two-mile encircling path. The lake defines the park shape and activities. The park itself is located in the heart of Des Moines, Iowa at the site of a former gravel and excavation operations; much like King Jack Park and the Sucker Flats Lake/Mine is in relationship to downtown Webb City.
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Fig 5.230: A map showing Gray's Lake and some of its main features Fig 5.231: An image of a bald eagle fly near a wooded section of a state park
LAKE ARE A P R ECED ENT S T U D Y ACTI V IT IES
While it may seem as though there is only a lake and a trails in Gray's Lake Park, there are many activities that happen in the park. Some of these activities include playing on the beach, boating on the lake, grilling, ice skating, walking the nature trails, viewing the lake from the terraces, having a picnic, yoga, playing on playground equipment, or renting nearly all types of watercraft. It is through Gray's Lake's landscape, circulation, and activities that it shares qualities of King Jack Park in Webb City.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.232: picture of a family walking along a river near Des Moines, Iowa Fig 5.233: An image of lake bridge that is lit up at night Fig 5.234: A picture of a woman practicing yoga in the park in the early morning Fig 5.235: An image of a family canoeing and kayaking in Rathbun Lake
C IRC U L AT IO N Access to Gray's Lake Park is from the major north and south entrances with a minor entrance to the east. These entrances connect to the main trail that encircles the lake. The trail is well lit and includes emergency phones. These features create a trail that is a clean and safe outdoor experience. Another integral part of Gray's Lake is Gray's Lake Bridge. The bridge is lit by multi colored lights at night and serves as a regional attraction. Along the path around the lake there are parking areas and rest spots.
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C O N SERV ATI ON ARE A
PLAN The design team recommends that the area of the park where the sports facilities are located be repurposed as a Conservation Area. We concur with the discussions within the community to move these sports facilities out of King Jack Park to a new and better location within the community. The plan above shows the proposed Conservation Areas with its mixture of paths, grasses, educational areas, and wildlife zones. The Conservation Areas would be the most natural area in the park, where passive recreation is supported and an emphasis is placed on nature in its many diverse forms.
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A Nature Center is proposed in this area, as well as outdoor classrooms, gardening plots, and a high density of trees and vegetation. The area is connected to the Paradise Lake to the north by way of walking trails and the drainage channel. The Conservation Areas should be developed to support animals, plants, flowers, and grasses that are native to Missouri.
Fig 5.236: A plan of the proposed CCS team's conservation area of King Jack Park
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
NATURAL GRASS
PATHWAY
NATURAL GRASS
PATHWAY
MANICURED GRASS
PATHWAY
NATURAL GRASS
PATHWAY
NATURAL GRASS
S ECT ION
E X I STI NG ARE A- SPORTS F I E LDS The existing Sports Facility area is used regularly during the spring, summer and fall. This area currently is home to ball fields, soccer fields, tennis courts, and a rodeo arena. These facilities generate a minimal amount of income and social interaction among the various teams and parents. These areas do provide attract a regional audience to king Jack park and Webb City, for example the soccer fields are regularly used by youth
teams from Joplin. However, given the condition of the facilities and their location within King Jack Park the design team recommends that these sports facilities be relocated to a more appropriate location in Webb City.
Fig 5.237: A section of the proposed CCS team's conservation area of King Jack Park
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C O N SERV A TI ON ARE A
212
P ED EST RI AN
VE HI CULAR
B IKE
Pedestrian circulation through the Conservation Area is split into a hierarchy based on speed of travel. Those who are casually moving through these spaces where they wish to stop and learn, those who are strolling through spaces to get from one part of the park to another, and those who run or bike in the park were all considered. The Conservation Area promotes a fluid and natural progression through spaces, one that aims to slow people down and allow them to appreciate their surrounding and context.
Vehicular circulation in the Conservation Area is very limited. Some paths have been increased in size to accommodate emergency vehicles if they need to get into different areas of this zone. But the primary areas that are accessible to vehicles are from the southern entrance, where a proposed parking lot could develop.
Biking through the Conservation Area is limited. It is important in this zone that the visibility of bikers through different grasses, trees, and plantings not hinder their ability to stop or slow for pedestrians or animals that they encounter. The design team proposes that the bike routes happen in tandem with pedestrian routes, as long as careful consideration is given to where intersections occur and how these places provide safe, interesting points of exchange, and crossing.
Fig 5.238: The proposed CCS team's plan for the conservation area pedestrian circulation Fig 5.239: The proposed CCS team's plan for the conservation area vehicular circulation Fig 5.240: The proposed CCS team's plan for the conservation area bike circulation
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES
ACTI VI TI E S There is a broad range of activities in the Conservation Area where the emphasis is placed on promoting educational, natural, and healthy events. One of the activity areas is the gardening beds and outdoor learning classrooms. These can provide both youth and adults a place to escape from our society and reconnect to the natural beautiful of organic places. These places range from very natural to more man-made areas. The balance of both can provide a contrast by which members of the community can better understand their natural environment and ecologies. The activities of running, walking, strolling, observing, learning, reading, and discovering are all promoted. This is the one area of the park design that focuses heavily on human's place within nature and our connection to nature. Another activity in this area is a nature educational center where community members can gather to learn, celebrate, or simply enjoy each other's company as they enjoy the surrounding landscape.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.241: A photo of children biking along a park path Fig 5.242: A family birdwatching in a park conservation area Fig 5.243: A woman running through a municipal park zone Fig 5.244: A father and son playign catch in the park Fig 5.245: A teacher takes students outdoors to learn and observe
T YPES OF SPACE S Spaces in the Conservation Area focus on natural settings and placing people within these natural places. Different spaces increase or decrease in size to begin to tell a story about that setting. For example, the size of the outdoor classrooms may be funneled to one end to encourage a group to come together and gain a more intimate understanding of a lesson or aspect of their environment. It is important to not let the entire Conservation Area become wild" and have no space for people to pass through. It is okay animals or specific types of plantings, but these areas must be allows people to engage these areas and most importantly,
heavily wooded or "go to designate areas for planned in a way that learn from them.
Spaces can be designed in accordance to the speed that people move through them, level of visibility or shading, as well as an understanding of what areas will require greater maintenance versus those that can be left to grow and mature on their own.
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C O N SERV A TI ON ARE A
P ER S P ECT IVE The Conservation Area is really a part of King Jack Park that allows people to connect to nature. This area can do that in a variety of ways; using the senses to create memories and tell the story of the park. Taller grasses rustle as people pass by, creating ever-changing patterns in the wind. The feeling of the grasses is brought to mind as you walk through the paths, being led to the next section by the smell of flowers and the trees that are blossoming that season. These are the types of feelings and experiences that the design team hoped to capitalize on and develop throughout King Jack Park. The perspective above shows a part of this area with the grasses, paths, trees, and people passing through the area. The size of all of these elements was carefully planned to encourage park visitors to both stroll leisurely or stop and gaze at their surroundings.
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Fig 5.246: A perspective done by the CCS team of the proposed conservation area Fig 5.247: A picture of tall grasses growing in a wildlife park area
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
TRE E S The trees in the Conservation Area are more wild and left to grow more organically with less maintenance. They can provide shade for both the people and animals that find themselves in that space, but also for plants that may grow nearby. When selecting trees, those that are less prone to disease, those that allow visibility through the row of trunks, and those that also may turn interesting colors in the fall were chosen by the design team, Some trees, like those that produce fruit, could be used in this area to promote animals and different types of insects to be found in the conservation zone. Trees that vary in scale are used to control views while helping to slow people down as they pass through spaces. Trees that blossom, those with large leaves, with interesting bark and with different branch systems can all be a part of the design. An interesting idea for the Conservation Area is to have memorial trees that are selected and planted by citizens of Webb City. Some trees can even become highly interactive, with areas for people to climb or picnic. If people are given a selection process, they for the park and feel a move through life
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
chance to be part of the can be part of the buy in sense of connection as they and the tree's growth.
PLANTS Plants in the Conservation Area are the most diverse. Both native species and exotic ones can be planted to tell stories, to educate, and to create moments of reflection and understanding for the citizens of Webb City. The selection of the plants can also work like the trees, with community buy-in allowing them the option of choosing, planting, and even funding some of the vegetation that will be a part of King Jack Park. It is important to remember that the park need not be a static, timeless place. Plantings can change overtime; they can live and die and be planted again in new arrangements, areas, and at a new density. Colors, smells, textures, and other aspects of flowers, grasses, and other plants can change with both the needs and wants of the community members, but also with nature itself as it controls the growth of these natural elements. Less visual and more interactive plants were chosen by the design team to provide an area that people can go into and become a part of the context. Fig 5.248: A picture of an oak tree growing out in family pasture land Fig 5.249: A picture of tall American Elm tree growing in a city park Fig 5.250: A picture of Blue Stem grass growing Fig 5.251: A picture of Fescue grass Fig 5.252: A picture of wild Buffalo Grass
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P REC ED ENT STUDY- STE E SE NATI ONAL CONSE RVATI ON A R EA
CONT EX T Steese National Conservation Area (NCA) encompasses 1.2 million acres of public land about 100 miles northeast of Fairbanks, AK. The Steese NCA includes Birch Creek Wild and Scenic River, crucial caribou calving grounds and home range, and Dall sheep habitat. While various land uses are allowed in the Steese NCA, the area is managed so that its scenic, scientific, cultural and other resources are protected. The Steese NCA is split into the North and South Units, located on either side of the Steese Highway. The popular Pinnell Mountain National Recreation Trail skirts the edge of the North Unit. The conservation area in Webb City can relate to many of the same principles that Steese follows.
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CONSE RVATI ON P R ECED ENT S T U D Y MAN-MADE B A L A NCE The areas of Steese that are specifically made for people to use and walk through, like the path shown on the very bottom, are designed with careful consideration to natural processes and the movement and migration of fauna. Natural water flows, root systems, and animals paths were all studied before man-made elements were built. In King Jack Park, a similar study should be done before the area is heavily designed and built so that individuals may gain a better understanding of the existing site and processes that are already in place there.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.253: The picture to the far left shows the sky at night in Steese Fig 5.254: The picture to the upper left shows the Birch Creek at Steese Fig 5.255: The top image shows a forest at Steese and the high visibility through the tree trunks Fig 5.256: The image to the right shows some of the fauna at Steese in a pack Fig 5.257: The image to the bottom right shows a man-made path through Steese
V EG ET AT IO N Alpine tundra, tussocks and boreal forest are among the many different types of plant communities in the Steese NCA. These types of plants and vegetation are very specific to this area, and they begin to tell the story of both the climate and the region. In Webb City, there are similar locations that tell the story of Webb City and King Jack Park. Vegetation, trees, and other types of flora are part of an ever changing history that can be protected and displayed to members of the community. People can look at Steese's vegetation and how it is preserved while planning and planting King Jack Park.
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T RAN SIT S TATI ON
PLAN The location of the transit station was positioned after evaluating King Jack Parks' location in relationship to the existing railway. Because King Jack Park has existing trolley lines it made sense that if a train station were to be put in that the trolley line could extend from the station into Webb City. We recommend the acquisition of the
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undeveloped parcel of land to the southeast of King Jack Park that abuts the rail line as the location for the trolley station. Above you can see the relationship of the new station to the rail line and park, road and parking area, and park trail system.
Fig 5.258: A plan of the proposed CCS team's new Station area in the south of King Jack Park
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
NATURAL GRASS
TRAIN ON TRAIN TRACKS
NATURAL GRASS
WAITING PLATFORM
TRAIN STATION
TROLLEY BARN
NATURAL GRASS
P L A N & S ECT ION
SE CTI ON The section above shows the relationship between trolley lines, train station, and trolley barn. This area of the King Jack Park connects the transit station to the rest of the park though the use of trails, vegetation, building materiality, and the
historic trolley cars. This arrival and departure point within the park is intended to provide a non-urban setting to relieve the stress of travel.
Fig 5.259: A section of the proposed CCS team's new Station area in the south of King Jack Park
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T RAN SIT S TATI ON P ED ES T R IA N & B IKE There are a few short pathways that connect off of the parking lot of the Trolley Station that allows for easy foot-traffic into the station. Walking and biking pathways are extended from the Orchard as well as the Conservation Area allowing people to circulate from one park edge to the other. This distance will allow long distance runner and bikers a more interesting pathway other than running around a small track. This lengthy pathway will allow for interesting views of nature and the park.
VEH ICU L A R The only direct vehicular street that connects to the Trolley Station is Hall Street. Hall Street connects from the middle of Webb City and branches off of MacArthur Boulevard. Hall Street is mainly a residential area. Railroad Way a street north of the station branches off of MacArthur Boulevard and connects to Hall Street working as another way to access the Trolley Station to the south of town. Parking for the station is located to the northeast and can hold up to 100 cars.
T R OL L EY
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Fig 5.260: The proposed CCS team's plan for the station area pedestrian circulation Fig 5.261: The proposed CCS team's plan for the station area vehicular circulation Fig 5.262: The proposed CCS team's plan for the station area trolley circulation
The existing trolley tracks would be recovered implying that the trolley circulation would be similar to the historic path that used to run through Joplin and other communities like Carthage and Carterville. The trolley track currently runs at a diagonal along the southeast side of the park. Connecting the park to this station will allow for green areas and other types of circulation paths to connect to the station like the historic trolley. The existing trolley tracks would connect to the station allowing people to transfer from the regional scale train to the community's trolley.
CI R CU L A T ION & A CT IVIT IES ACTI VI TI E S The main activities happening in this region of the southern extended King Jack Park would be waiting, watching, walking, biking, and traveling. Traveling on this rail line would connect to surrounding communities. This rail line also opens the opportunity to take a trolley through Webb City and King Jack Park. Waiting is an activity that would also take place in the transportation hub in King Jack. At this location people could pick up family, friends, or co-workers coming from outside of town. The main activities in the station would relate to transportation. However, activities around the stations perimeters include walking and biking trails extended from the Conservation Area.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.263: A photo of a woman on a train as it approaches a station Fig 5.264: An image of a man waiting at a park station bench Fig 5.265: A photo of tracks running near a train station Fig 5.266: A photo of a woman reading aboard a train
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T RAN SIT S TATI ON
P ER S P ECT IVE This perspective depicts what someone would see when arriving in Webb City on the train. The first view of Webb City would be the train station, natural landscape, a small lake to the south of the track, and the along the track that would flash by as the train picks up speed. The location of the depot for Webb City within King Jack Park would provide a comfortable change of pace after the train ride as you travel through the historic park, along the Main Street and into the city center.
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Fig 5.267: A perspective of part of the CCS team's proposed Trolley/Train Transit Station area in King Jack Park Fig 5.268: An image of some of the old trolley lines that would run from Joplin, Webb City, and in both the east and west direction
PE RS P ECT IVES & P L A NT ING S
HI STORY The rail line running along the southeast edge of Webb City is an existing rail line that originally carried passengers between Joplin, Webb City, Carterville, Lakeside Park, Carthage and continued east. The line was extended to Galena, Kansas, in 1906. “At its peak, the railway company operated a huge fleet of streetcars and 94 miles of tracks in three states in the 1890's. As private ownership of motor vehicles increased, railway patronage dwindled. In 1925, the company began running passenger buses and phasing out its streetcars.” The railroad was a profitable enterprise for a decade, but it declined as the mineral areas in the Tri-State District began to play out. By 1927 the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway Company stopped business.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.269: A photo of old train station tracks and raised platforms Fig 5.270: An image of the old Union Depot Station in Joplin, MO Fig 5.271: An image of the old 1079 trolley car Fig 5.272 An image of differnt types of historic trolley cars found in a magazine Fig 5.273: An image of the head train cars lined up, including number 104, number 168, and number 100
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KING JACK PARK EXPANSION MAIN POINTS •
Highlight the areas where King Jack Park has expanded
•
Explain the benefits of each expansion
Running the along the north boundary of King Jack Park is MacArthur Boulevard; a four land divided highway that separates King Jack Park from downtown Webb City. This busy traffic corridor creates a very hazardous and visually intrusive barrier for people trying to move between the city center and park. The design team explored numerous options for bridging, tunneling and/or improving the grade level crossing and finally decided upon a hybrid solution. We recommend that the city develop a wide, expansive underpass that would allow the park to flow visually and spatially uninterrupted beneath the highway. To accentuate the spatial flow we recommend that the highway be raised ten feet and the ground be lowered ten feet to create this underpass. This would in effect allow the park to flow uninterrupted under the highway and to the north side of the road; into the downtown district.
Fig 5.274: Map of the newly designed King Jack Park with northern expansion included Fig 5.275: Map of existing King Jack Park with north extension highlighted
The expansion of King Jack Park north of MacArthur Boulevard has eliminated the feeling that the highway is the northern edge of the park. Now the park flows right on into the city center. This has created a formal entry into the park that is safe, whereas before pedestrians and cyclist had to cross the busy and hazardous highway. Furthermore, this expansion allows motorist to feel as though they are a part of King Jack Park when they travel along MacArthur Boulevard.
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EXPANSION OF KING JACK PARK - EAST
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
The expansion of King Jack Park along its eastern boundary would include the properties along the west side of Hall Street adjacent to the park and along the south side MacArthur Boulevard between Hall Street and Main Street. The acquisition of this property would allow the Multipurpose Event Center and Farmers Market parking and vendor access to operate more efficiently, improve the appearance of the park along MacArthur Boulevard, and for a better frontage and entrance sequence off of Hall Street. The city water tower on MacArthur Boulevard would remain but be visually integrated into the park. The power substation adjacent to the water tower should be removed at some future date if at all possible. And, the gas station at the intersection of Main Street and MacArthur Boulevard must be removed.
Fig 5.276: Map of the newly designed King Jack Park with eastern expansion included Fig 5.277: Map of existing King Jack Park with east extension highlighted
Expanding King Jack Park to the east has also allowed for an orchard area to be established. Along with easier access to the park from the east side, a gridded system of orchard trees created a new passive area to enjoy in King Jack Park. This grid is expressed in several locations in King Jack Park to reference the man-made grid of the city and to contrast it with the organic forms of the park's natural environment.
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EXPANSION OF KING JACK PARK - SOUTH The expansion of King Jack Park to the south is not only important to the park itself but to Webb City. The opportunity that comes from the expansion of the park will, in turn, benefit the regional area around Webb City. The idea of expanding King Jack Park on the south side is to reintroduce the Southwest Missouri Electric Railway. The ideal spot for a station that would serve Webb City would be on the south end of King Jack Park where there is already an existing railway. This railway would feature a station in King Jack Park that would serve Webb City. From the station, people could take a trolley to other areas of King Jack Park or Webb City.
Fig 5.278: Map of the newly designed King Jack Park with southern expansion included Fig 5.279: Map of existing King Jack Park with south extension highlighted
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Currently, the land to the southeast of King Jack Park extending to the old railroad line is undeveloped. We suggest that the city and Parks Board consider purchasing this land for King Jack Park to be used as part of the Conservation District and as the location of a future train/trolley depot. We envision the reintroduction of a intercity rail line similar to the original Southwest Missouri Electric Railway system as the cost of fossil fuel continues to rise in the coming years.
EXPANSION OF KING JACK PARK - WEST
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
On the west side of King Jack Park there is a residential lot on Pennsylvania Street that should become a part of the park. As small as this lot is, it does not allow for the smooth progression from north to south along Pennsylvania Street that King Jack Park should possess. Allowing the park to purchase this lot would help circulation and access in this area. Another area on the west side of King Jack Park that should be used more effectively for expanding the park's along MacArthur Boulevard is the narrow strip of land where the park maintenance building is currently located. The streetscaping along MacArthur Boulevard from Madison Street to Hall Street should be upgraded so that the highway does not feel like an edge barrier or intrusion along the park, but rather a part of King Jack Park. This will enhance the views into King Jack Park from MacArthur Boulevard and improve the arrival sequence into Webb City.
Fig 5.280: Map of the newly designed King Jack Park with western expansion included Fig 5.281: Map of existing King Jack Park with west extension
When looking at the expansion of the park to the west, it is important to remember the placement of the Praying Hands Sculpture. The sculpture is a powerful reference to Webb City's history and the area surrounding this landmark must be integrated into the park and showcased better. Development of the MacArthur Boulevard streetscaping and the improvements to the front of the park will help to focus even greater motorist attention on the landmark. Development of constructed vistas of the Praying Hands Sculpture from within the park should also be a priority.
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P REC ED ENT STUDY- PARK E X TE NSI ONS
S nohomish , Washington In keeping with green improvements around Snohomish, the city has purchased a 10-acre parcel of land west of Bickford Avenue. This land allows for two of the existing parks in Snohomish to start to become connected, as well as allows a new riverfront experience in the park setting. Snohomish made major use of this newly bought land, seen in the path above and in the plantings in the photos to the right. Extending the land of King Jack Park can allow for all new kinds of activities to take place while also allowing completely new relationships and experiences to be created. If land to the south of King Jack Park was purchased, there is even a possible connection to the rail line there.
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PARK E X TE NSI ON P R ECED ENT S T U D Y CI TY AND RE GI O N CONNECT ION A great part about being able to extend the lands owned by the Snohomish park system is that more land can be cared for and environmentally protected. This has impacts that reach beyond the local ecosystem to cities and land downriver, as well as to towns and places connected via the roadway. With extending King Jack Park, not only is the park expanding its reach to new community members, but it is promoting the preservation and thoughtful care of existing land and natural settings.
INTRODUCTION
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY RESEARCH & ANALYSIS COMMUNITY MEETINGS COMPREHENSIVE VISION PARK COMPONENTS MAIN STREET UNDERPASS PRAYING HANDS MINING DAYS BUILDING KNEELING MINER MULTI-PURPOSE PAVILION TRANSIT HILLS AMPHITHEATER ORCHARD LAKE AREA CONSERVATION AREA STATION HUB PARK EXTENSIONS APPENDIX
Fig 5.282: The picture to the far left shows a major highway leading to Snohomish Fig 5.283: The upper left picture shows the land bought west of Bickford Ave. Fig 5.284: The very top image shows plantings in one of the parks in Snohomish Fig 5.285: The above image shows gardens and flower beds along newly bought land Fig 5.286: The image to the right shows a view from park land to Snohomish Fig 5.287: On the bottom right is an image of water flowing through Snohomish
L AN D EXT EN SIO N Extending the footprint of the existing parks system in Snohomish has allowed totally new activities and programs to take place there. This is especially true for recreation that happens along the river. In Webb City, if land is bought for the park to the north across MacArthur Boulevard then it could provide a seamless connection between King Jack Park and downtown. If land is bought to the east of King Jack Park over to Hall Street then more room for the Multipurpose Events Pavilion and new trolley lines can be provided. Land bought to the south of King Jack Park can allow new connections to the region via the railroad, while the land to the west can connect to the new neighborhoods developing near the park and within Webb City.
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APPENDIX
FOR KING JACK PARK
E XECUTI V E SU MMARY Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
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1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19
www.downstreamcasino.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.webbcity.org www.webbcity.org www.webbcity.org www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.gabreport.com www.webbcity.org http://farmersmarketcoalition.org www.en.wikipedia.org www.en.wikipedia.org www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.onwardstate.com www.onwardstate.com http://www.smartgrowth.org http://www.smartgrowth.org www.mychv.com www.bikewalksquare.com
R E SE AR CH & A NALY SI S Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35
Diagram by Alan Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Diagram by Miranda www.canstockphoto.com www.chathampublichealth.com Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda usnewsletter.blogspot.com Diagram by Miranda www.juronggatewaycondo.sg www.vectorstock.com www.jay-mcleod.blogspot.com www.kut.org www.viagemmundo.com.br www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.canstockphoto.com Diagram by Alan www.webbcityparksandrec.com www.webbciycardsoccer.com www.viagemmundo.com.br www.canstockphoto.com www.canstockphoto.com www.en.wikipedia.org
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 2.56 2.57 2.58 2.59 2.60 2.61 2.62 2.63 2.64 2.65 2.66 2.67 2.68 2.69 2.70
www.en.wikipedia.org www.en.wikipedia.org Photo by Eric www.onwardstate.com www.onwardstate.com Photo by Eric Photo by Eric www.en.wikipedia.org www.webbcity.org www.webbcity.org www.en.wikipedia.org www.thirdage.com www.thirdage.com www.blog.hgtv.com www.blog.hgtv.com www.onwardstate.com www.uwishunu.com www.rebargroup.com www.sauconyrunforgood.com www.seniorshousingonline.com www.ourfood.com.au Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.ecampus.wisconsin.edu www.activelivingresearch.org www.thegreendivas.com www.seattletransitblog.com www.onwardstate.com www.webbcitysports.com www.webbcitysports.com www.webbcitysports.com “This is Smart Growth,” PDF http://www.smartgrowth.org “This is Smart Growth,” PDF “This is Smart Growth,” PDF
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RESEAR C H & A NALY SI S Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
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2.71 2.72 2.73 2.74 2.75 2.76 2.77 2.78 2.79 2.80 2.81 2.82 2.83 2.84 2.85 2.86 2.87 2.88 2.89 2.90 2.91 2.92 2.93 2.94 2.95 2.96 2.97 2.98 2.99 2.100 2.101 2.102 2.103 2.104 2.105
“This is Smart Growth,� PDF http://www.smartgrowth.org http://www.smartgrowth.org Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Eric http://www.smartgrowth.org http://www.smartgrowth.org Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Eric http://www.smartgrowth.org http://www.smartgrowth.org http://www.smartgrowth.org http://www.smartgrowth.org www.en.wikipedia.org www.en.wikipedia.org www.onwardstate.com www.onwardstate.com www.en.wikipedia.org Diagram by Trae www.onwardstate.com Diagram by Trae Photo by Eric www.viagemmundo.com www.jaspercountymo.com www.jaspercountymo.com Diagram by Alan Diagram by Alan Diagram by Alan www.en.wikipedia.org www.jaspercountymo.com Diagram by Eric Diagram by Eric Diagram by Alan
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
2.106 2.107 2.108 2.109 2.110 2.111 2.112 2.113 2.114 2.115 2.116 2.117 2.118 2.119 2.120 2.121 2.122 2.123 2.124 2.125 2.126 2.127 2.128 2.129 2.130 2.131 2.132 2.133 2.134 2.135 2.136 2.137 2.138 2.139 2.140
Diagram by Miranda www.enwikipedia.org www.road-less-taken.com www.northendwaterfront.com www.bikewalklogansquare.com www.blog.archpaper.com Jasper County GIS Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Eric c www.usnewsletter.blogspot.com Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.en.wikipedia.org Diagram by Alan Diagram by Alan Diagram by Alan www.bikewalklogansquare.com Photo by Eric Photo by Miranda Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Miranda www.en.wikipedia.org Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Miranda Photo by Eric www.en.wikipedia.org www.en.wikipedia.org
R E SE AR CH & A NALY SI S Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
2.141 2.142 2.143 2.144 2.145 2.146 2.147 2.148 2.149 2.150 2.151 2.152 2.153 2.154
Photo by Miranda Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Photo by Miranda Photo by Miranda www.en.wikipedia.org www.en.wikipedia.org www.en.wikipedia.org Diagram by Alan Diagram by Alan Diagram by Eric www.en.wikipedia.org Legend by Trae Diagram by Trae
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COMMU NI TY ME E TI NGS Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
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3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24
Board by Miranda www.ourfood.com.au www.flickr.com www.planetizen.com www.onlineopinion.com www.ecampus.wisconsin.edu www.gardenvisit.com www.miningartifacts.org Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Trae Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Eric Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Alan Elevation by Trae Plan by Miranda Section by Trae Perspective by Miranda Perspective by Miranda Diagram by Eric CCS team masterplan Perspective by Miranda
COMPREHENSIVE VISION Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35
Masterplan by CCS team Diagram by Eric Diagram by Trae Photo by Eric GoogleEarth Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Section by Trae www.flickr.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.flickr.com Diagram by Alan www.en.wikipedia.org www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com Diagram by Alan Diagram by Alan Diagram by Alan Masterplan by CCS team www.examiner.org www.examiner.org Masterplan by CCS team Masterplan by CCS team CCS team Diagram Photo by Eric Photo by Eric Masterplan by CCS team Masterplan by CCS team CCS team Diagram Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
4.36 4.37 4.38 4.39 4.40 4.41 4.42 4.43 4.44 4.45 4.46 4.47 4.48 4.49 4.50 4.51 4.52 4.53 4.54 4.55 4.56 4.57 4.58 4.59 4.60 4.61 4.62 4.63 4.64 4.65 4.66 4.67 4.68 4.69 4.70
www.mychv.com Diagram by CCS team www.captainkimo.com www.edmonton.ca www.creativedesigns.com www.bikes.nmsu.edu Elevation by Trae www.en.wikipedia.org Photo by Eric Section by Trae Photo by Eric www.archive.sportland.org Diagram by CCS team ww.123rf.com www.lexingtontonky.com www.powerstates.com www.teamriddle.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com Photo by Eric www.captainkimo.com www.flickr.com Diagram by Eric Elevation by Trae Perspective by Miranda Perspective by Miranda www.flickr.com Diagram by Eric Perspective by Miranda Perspective by Miranda Section by Trae www.flickr.com Diagram by Eric www.flickr.com
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COMPRE HE NSI V E V I SI O N Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
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4.71 4.72 4.73 4.74 4.75 4.76 4.77 4.78 4.79 4.80 4.81 4.82 4.83 4.84 4.85 4.86 4.87 4.88 4.89 4.90 4.91 4.92 4.93 4.94 4.95 4.96 4.97 4.98 4.99 4.100 4.101 4.102
Perspective by Miranda www.flickr.com http://www.smartgrowth.org http://www.smartgrowth.org http://www.smartgrowth.org www.en.wikipedia.org http://www.smartgrowth.org www.flickr.com Diagram by Eric www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.ecampus.wisconsin.edu Diagram by Eric www.en.wikipedia.org www.flickr.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.flickr.com Diagram by Eric www.planetizen.com www.road-less-taken.com www.road-less-taken.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.flickr.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.planetizen.com www.gardenvisit.com www.onwardstate.com www.road-less-taken.com www.en.wikipedia.org
P AR K COMP ONE NTS Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24 5.25 5.26 5.27 5.28 5.29 5.30 5.31 5.32 5.33 5.34 5.35
Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.joplinglobe.com www.blacklemag.com www.city-data.com www.shutterstock.com www.shutterstock.com Perspective by Miranda www.gabreport.com www.georgetownmetro.com www.garden.blogspot.com www.alittled.blogspot.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.parsons.ka www.parsons.ka www.parsons.ka www.parsons.ka Diagram by CCS team Section by CCS team Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.shutterstock.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.canstockphoto.com www.canstockphoto.com www.shutterstock.com Perspective by Miranda www.gabreport.com
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
5.36 5.37 5.38 5.39 5.40 5.41 5.42 5.43 5.44 5.45 5.46 5.47 5.48 5.49 5.50 5.51 5.52 5.53 5.54 5.55 5.56 5.57 5.58 5.59 5.60 5.61 5.62 5.63 5.64 5.65 5.66 5.67 5.68 5.69 5.70
www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.flickr.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com Diagram by Miranda Elevation by Trae Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.shutterstock.com www.shutterstock.com www.canstockphoto.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.blacklemag.com Perspective by Miranda www.en.wikipedia.org www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.captainkimo.com www.examiner.org www.bikewalklogansquare.com www.road-less-taken.com www.viagemmundo.com www.flickr.com
239
P AR K C OMP ONE NTS Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
240
5.71 5.72 5.73 5.74 5.75 5.76 5.77 5.78 5.79 5.80 5.81 5.82 5.83 5.84 5.85 5.86 5.87 5.88 5.89 5.90 5.91 5.92 5.93 5.94 5.95 5.96 5.97 5.98 5.99 5.100 5.101 5.102 5.103 5.104 5.105
Diagram by Miranda Phoito by Miranda www.webbcityparksandrec.com Photo by Eric Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.flickr.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.miningartifacts.org www.miningartifacts.org www.flickr.com Perspective by Miranda www.planetizen.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.flickr.com Diagram by Miranda Section by Trae Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.flickr.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.gardenvisit.com www.road-less-taken.com www.en.wikipedia.org
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
5.106 5.107 5.108 5.109 5.110 5.111 5.112 5.113 5.114 5.115 5.116 5.117 5.118 5.119 5.120 5.121 5.122 5.123 5.124 5.125 5.126 5.127 5.128 5.129 5.130 5.131 5.132 5.133 5.134 5.135 5.136 5.137 5.138 5.139 5.140
www.en.wikipedia.org www.onlineopinion.com Elevation by Trae Photo by Eric www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.planetizen.com www.planetizen.com www.gardenvisit.com www.planetizen.com www.environment.sa.gov www.environment.sa.gov www.environment.sa.gov www.environment.sa.gov www.environment.sa.gov Diagram by Miranda Photo by Eileen Photo by Eric Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.canstockphoto.com www.canstockphoto.com Perspective by Miranda www.flickr.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.planetizen.com www.gardenvisit.com www.planetizen.com http://thecitymarket.org GoogleEarth
P AR K COMP ONE NTS Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
5.141 5.142 5.143 5.144 5.145 5.146 5.147 5.148 5.149 5.150 5.151 5.152 5.153 5.154 5.155 5.156 5.157 5.158 5.159 5.160 5.161 5.162 5.163 5.164 5.165 5.166 5.167 5.168 5.169 5.170 5.171 5.172 5.173 5.174 5.175
http://thecitymarket.org http://thecitymarket.org http://thecitymarket.org http://thecitymarket.org Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Trae Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.canstockphoto.com www.canstockphoto.com www.flickr.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.planetizen.com www.planetizen.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.planetizen.com www.flowerspictures.org www.flowerspictures.org www.bgfons.com www.flowerspictures.org www.bgfons.com www.bgfons.com Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.robertxtrent.com
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
5.176 5.177 5.178 5.179 5.180 5.181 5.182 5.183 5.184 5.185 5.186 5.187 5.188 5.189 5.190 5.191 5.192 5.193 5.194 5.195 5.196 5.197 5.198 5.199 5.200 5.201 5.202 5.203 5.204 5.205 5.206 5.207 5.208 5.209 5.210
www.neighborhood-voi.com www.doctorprego.com/ www.sheknows.com Perspective by Miranda www.adventuresunday.com www.dailyphoto.blogs.com www.bgfons.com www.danpiazza.blogs.com www.wallpaperswide.com www.flowerspictures.org www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.canstockphoto.com www.canstockphoto.com Diagram by Miranda Section by Trae Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.flickr.com www.flowerspictures.org www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.canstockphoto.com www.flickr.com Perspective by Miranda www.road-less-taken.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.krepsapplesbarn.com www.krepsapplesbarn.com
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P AR K C OMP ONE NTS Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
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5.211 5.212 5.213 5.214 5.215 5.216 5.217 5.218 5.219 5.220 5.221 5.222 5.223 5.224 5.225 5.226 5.227 5.228 5.229 5.230 5.231 5.232 5.233 5.234 5.235 5.236 5.237 5.238 5.239 5.240 5.241 5.242 5.243 5.244 5.245
www.krepsapplesbarn.com www.krepsapplesbarn.com www.krepsapplesbarn.com www.flickr.com Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Trae Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda http://webbcitymo.org www.palmer.blogspot.com www.seagrens.com www.luthercenter.org www.dearfranky.word.com Perpective by Miranda en.wikipedia.org www.biodork.wordpress.com www.wallpaperscraft.com www.wildlifeadventure.com www.neighborhood-voi.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.planetizen.com www.planetizen.com Diagram by Miranda Section by Trae Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.flickr.com www.flickr.com www.en.wikipedia.org www.en.wikipedia.org www.canstockphoto.com
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
5.246 5.247 5.248 5.249 5.250 5.251 5.252 5.253 5.254 5.255 5.256 5.257 5.258 5.259 5.260 5.261 5.262 5.263 5.264 5.265 5.266 5.267 5.268 5.269 5.270 5.271 5.272 5.273 5.274 5.275 5.276 5.277 5.278 5.279 5.280
Perspective by Miranda www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com www.gardenvisit.com http://www.blm.gov/st/en http://www.blm.gov/st/en http://www.blm.gov/st/en http://www.blm.gov/st/en http://www.blm.gov/st/en http://www.blm.gov/st/en Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Trae Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda Diagram by Miranda www.gettyimages.com www.ovesphotoalbum.com www.twisia.com www.sparidinchiostro.com Perspective by Miranda www.lib.utexas.edu www.en.wikipedia.org www.harlem.blogspot.com www.thelibrary.org www.route66.homestead.com www.trainweb.org Diagram by CCS team Diagram by Alan Diagram by Alan Diagram by CCS team Diagram by CCS team Diagram by Alan Diagram by CCS team
P AR K COMP ONE NTS Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure
5.281 5.282 5.283 5.284 5.285 5.286 5.287
Diagram by Alan http://www.ci.snohomish.wa http://www.ci.snohomish.wa http://www.ci.snohomish.wa http://www.ci.snohomish.wa http://www.ci.snohomish.wa http://www.ci.snohomish.wa
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Th an k y o u .
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