GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES you are welcome
10 DE AGOSTO DE 2017 Maracay
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República Bolivariana de Venezuela Ministerio del poder popular para la educación I.U.P.S.M Maracay
Integrantes: Barbara Cardenas 25305775
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Grammatical Rules
When a verb follows another verb, we always need to use the infinitive or the gerund. Usually we use the infinitive after some verbs and the gerund after others. There are also verbs with which we can use the gerund or the infinitive.
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Example: I can’t afford to buy a new car. He began to doubt himself. / He began doubting himself. They decided to move to Australia in May. I enjoy listening to music. She hates studying. / She hates to study. You love dancing. / You love to dance. He needed to leave class early because he had an appointment. She can’t tolerate complaining. I tried learning English. / I tried to learn English. My mother could retire, but she keeps working.
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What are Gerunds? A gerund is a verb in its ing (present participle) form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. Any action verb can be made into a gerund.
The gerund and the infinitive are forms of verbs that act as names. The gerund is formed with "-ing" (walking, eating, etc.). As we have seen in the lesson on verbs, the infinitive is formed with the preposition "to" (to walk, to eat, etc.).
What are Infinitives? An infinitive is a verb form that acts as other parts of speech in a sentence. It is formed with to + base form of the verb. Ex: to buy, to work. We can use the gerund or the infinitive as an object, subject or complement of a sentence, but in general, it is much more common to use the gerund as subject. Examples: Object: I like cooking. / I like to cook. She continued working. / She continued to work. Subject: Swimming is good exercise. Drinking and driving is dangerous. Complement: The best thing to do when you are sick is to drink a lot of water. pรกg. 4
My favorite exercise is swimming.
With some verbs, when we use the gerund and the infinitive, the meaning changes. Examples: Gerund: I forgot writing that email. Infinitive: I forgot to write that email. Gerund: Stop watching the news. Infinitive:
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Stop to watch the news. The infinitive is used after adjectives: Examples: He’s good at listening. I always read before going to bed. You can’t leave without saying goodbye.
The gerund is used after some names. Examples: What is the advantage of waiting? I am interested in taking English classes. His problem finding a new job was his lack of experience.
The gerund is used after some expressions or phrasal verbs. Examples:
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We’re really looking forward to seeing you. That movie is not worth seeing. I can’t help falling in love.
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