FORTIFIED MORINGA OLEIFERA BISCUIT AS A STRATEGY IN OVERCOMING NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY AND MALNUTRITION IN COMMUNITY-BASED POOR UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN Musawwir Muhtar
Zul Astri Nur
Sujardin Syarifuddin
Hasanuddin University
Hasanuddin University
Hasanuddin University
targets that need services (Health Department, Republic of Indonesia, 2006). Indonesia is now facing nutritional problems that are quite hard to solve. Based on Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) in 2010, the prevalence of under-five child suffering from nutritional deficiency was 13% (2,947,368 underfive children) and malnutrition was 4.9% (906,882 under-five children). Seeing this condition, there should be special treatments made. United Nation Children’s Fund (UNICEF) reported that Indonesia is in the fifth rank in the world for country that has biggest number of children with faulty growth estimated as 7.7 millions under-five children (Health Department, Republic of Indonesia, 2007).
ABSTRACT: YOUR IDEA Food sustainability is the most essential thing in a nation’s life. Problems of nutritional deficiency and malnutrition in children under five become popular in some poor and developing countries. This is due to the inability of a family to ensure adequate intake of nutrients needed by the under-five children. Fortified Moringa oleifera biscuit program is an effort to overcome nutritional deficiency and malnutrition-based communities to improve the nutritional status of the community. Based on various sources of research results, it indicates that the significance of the consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves can prevent nutritional deficiency and malnutrition among children under five as well as an alternative prevention of various diseases caused by vitamin A deficiency, iron and iodine. The researchers have created the Ideas of Implementation Strategic Steps. They meet at the District Health Office to discuss solutions to overcome malnutrition in children under five, presentation of ideas at national level as a program, approval of ideas by the Minister of Health, preparation of budget program, production of biscuits, distribution to malnutrition vulnerable areas, health centers as Moringa oleifera biscuits supplier, free biscuit program for children under five from poor families and training to make Moringa oleifera biscuits provided by staff of health centre.
Picture 1. Malnutrition in Community Based-Poor Under-Five Children in Indonesia
Categories and Subject Descriptors [Food for Health]; [Nutritional Sciences] Keywords
2. DESCRIPTION
Food Sustainability, Children Under Five, Moringa Oleifera Biscuit, Nutritional Deficiency , Malnutrition.
New Insight Fortified Moringa oleifera Biscuit as a Strategy in Overcoming Nutritional Deficiency and Malnutrition in Community-based Poor Under-Five Children is a new insight the writers offer to overcome and to prevent nutritional deficiency and malnutrition on poor under-five children by administering additional foods for free with fortified moringa oleifera biscuits.
1. INTRODUCTION: AIMS AND BACKGROUND Developmental challenge of a nation is an establishment of human resources that are healthy, intelligent, productive, and possesses a good quality. Efforts in developing the quality of human resources by optimizing child’s growth potential can be undertaken equally if systems of community-based health service are conducted effectively and efficiently as well as covering all 1
Community-based overcoming strategy means the community (mothers whose under-five children suffer from nutritional problems) will also involve in the process of those nutritional problems in which this program can be continuously conducted in 2 ways. Firstly, moringa oleifera biscuit as an additional food will be given for free by the government in 90 days based on the regulation of Health Department, Republic of Indonesia in 2000) until the under-five children are recovered from nutritional deficiency and malnutrition. Secondly, as a preventive action in order to make the children not suffer from those nutritional problems, the mother of the children will be given trainings on how to make fortified moringa oleifera biscuits through the processing of local food substance (moringa oleifera) and thus the children’s nutritional status will stay healthy.
Tabel 3. Composition in each piece of fortified Moringa oleifera biscuit (42 gram)
Table 2. Comparison of Moringa oleifera Nutrient with Other Vegetable Nutrition Sources (per 100g edible portion)
Source : Result Analysis, 2011.
No .
Composition
Amount of energy (kcal)
Amount of Protein (gr)
1
20 gram cornflour
72,6
1,1
2
20 gram Moringa oleifera leaf
19,4
1,3
3
2 gram granulated sugar
8
-
4
Fortification of vitamins and minerals
-
-
100 kcal
2,4 gram
Total
Sources: Untung Suwahyono in Khasiat Ajaib si Pohon Gaib (2008) Nutrients
Beans 320
Turnip Leaves 35
Waloh Leaves 25
Moringa Leaves 95
Energi(Kcal) Protein(g) VitaminA (i.u) Vitamin C(mg) Calsium (mg)
22 85 25 22
2.9 708 62 160
4.0 556 80 475
6.7 3767 220 440 Picture 3. Moringa oleifera biscuit
Ideas Implementation Strategic Steps
Picture 2. Moringa Health Benefits 3. APPLICATION AND RESULTS Fortified Moringa oleifera biscuit is supplementary food for under-five children that can be pureed in a way brewed with water or eaten directly. Because nutrition of Moringa oleifera biscuits is complete, thus the biscuits can be used as a substitute for infant formula and mix drinks (beverage containing minerals to treat dehydration in malnourished under-five children). Moringa oleifera biscuits can become an alternative to prevent various diseases in infants, such as xeroptalmia disease and blindness, eye diseases caused by vitamin A deficiency, prevent nutritional anemia due to iron deficiency and prevent goiter disease due to iodine deficiency.
4. CONCLUDING REMARKS Fortified Moringa oleifera Biscuit can improve intelligence and protect the under-five children from infectious diseases. The fulfillment of toddler nutrition by producing Moringa oleifera biscuits can help the Indonesian economy because the government does not need to spend huge budgets to solve the problems of nutritional deficiency and malnutrition in Indonesia.
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5. REFERENCES
[3]
[1] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2010. Jumlah dan Persentase Penduduk Miskin, Garis Kemiskinan, Indeks Kedalaman Kemiskinan (P1), dan Indeks Keparahan Kemiskinan (P2) Menurut Provinsi 2010.
[4] Fuglie LJ. 2000. New Uses of Moringa oleifera Studied in Nicaragua. ECHO Development Notes #68, June, 2000
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Depkes RI. 2007. Rencana Aksi Nasional Pangan dan Gizi 2006-2010 Diluncurkan. http://digilib.litbang.depkes.go.id