2024 Contra Costa Civil Grand Jury

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Contra CostaCountyCivil GrandJuryReportSummaries2023-2024

Challenges Facingthe City of Antioch

Antiochisadynamic anddiverse city that facesa number of challenges,includinghighturnoverin City leadership,aCityemployeevacancy rate that is four-times thenationalaverage,and possible BrownAct violations by theMayor andcertain City Councilmembers.Hiringand retainingan experiencedand qualified City Manager, aprocess that is currentlyunderway, will be an important firststepinaddressingthese challenges, butmore needstobedone. (Seepage 4)

TheCommunity WarningSystem: Will EveryoneGet aWarning?

In the2017 Wine Country firesand the2018 CampFirewarningsystems in thosecounties failedtoalertpeoplefor variousreasons.Could that happen withtheContraCosta County warningsystemtoo? TheGrand Jury investigated risks that theContraCosta County warning systemcouldalsofail, andfound areasfor improvement that maygetwarnings outtomore people sooner.(Seepage5)

Does DCDUtilizeBestPractices to EnforceDisabilityAccessibilityStandards?

Businessesare required to make theirfacilities accessibletopeoplewithdisabilities. The CaliforniaConstruction-Related Accessibility StandardsComplianceAct,the Americanswith Disabilities Act(ADA), alongwithother statutes, helpCaliforniabusinessescomply with stateand federalaccessibility standards.Afterinvestigation, theGrand Jury recommends theBoard of Supervisorspursuewhether DCDisenforcing accessibility standardsinitscommercial buildings.(See page 6)

PetroleumRefineries andHazardousMaterialReleases

Contra CostaCountyishometotwo majorpetroleum refineries as well as other businessesthatemployhazardousmaterials in their operations. Thesematerials canposeasignificant health risk to the surroundingcommunity if notproperly maintained. TheHazardousMaterials DivisionofContraCosta Health Services hasthe responsibility to monitorthe use of thesehazardousmaterials through periodicinspectionsand to respondtoany accidentalrelease of hazardousmaterials

that does occur. TheGrand Jury has investigatedthe procedures used forthese importanthealthand safety responsibilities and hasdetermined that additional staff areneeded at Contra CostaHealthServices toimprove their abilitytoquicklyand fullyrespond to emergencies. Also,the Community WarningSystempresently used to advise andwarnresidents when accidentalhazardousmaterialreleases occur should be modified in away to reach more residents.(See page 6)

ALetterfromthe CivilGrand Jury Foreperson

DearJudgeMockler,

On behalf of the2023-2024 Contra CostaCountyCivil GrandJury, Iamhonored to presenttoyou andthe citizensofContraCosta County theGrand Jury’s finalreports. Thereportscontainour findings andrecommendations regardinggovernmentagencies within our jurisdiction.Wehopethese reportswill help informthe public and contributeto improved localgovernment.

Iwouldlike to express my appreciation foryourjudicial oversight. Iwould also like to thankJudgeJillFannin forher judicial oversight during the firsthalfofour term.

TheJuryisgratefulfor theenthusiasticsupport of MariaZarco and ElisaPantaleon,Court Administration.Weare also grateful to Hannah Shafskyand RebeccaHooley, County Counsel, fortheiradvice, guidance,and constructive feedback throughout theinvestigative andreport-writing processes.

TheJuryappreciates thecooperation receivedfromthe many public officialswho respondedtoour questionsand requests. We respecttheir dedicationand expertise.Weare also grateful to thosewho facilitated toursoftheirfacilities anddemonstratedsuchprofessionalism and pridein their work.

Lastly,Iwanttothank the2023-2024 grandjurors. We hadno carryoverjurorsatthe startofour term.Webrought ourknowledge andexperience to thework. As ajury, weworked together to improve ourcommunity.Iamgratefulfor theopportunity to servewith thesejurors.

Respectfully,

2023-2024 Contra CostaCountyCivil GrandJury

Back rowleft to right: ChristopherRayner, Dr.JohnAnderson, MichaelDavidson, WilliamFaoro,Peter Appert,Richard Patterson, RonIrelan, Weldon Theobald Frontrow left to right: MariaDel Carmen Torralba,Maureen Woelffer,Karen O’Neil,Georgia Addison, Hon. JudgeTerri Mockler,JoanneSarmento, Elizabeth Berke-Dreyfuss,Susan Rainey,Julee Matt-Hamilton

Do YouHaveWHatIttakes to BeanengageD CItIzen? JoIntHeCIvIl granDJurYanD Make aDIfferenCe!

Holdyourlocalcity andcountygovernmentagencies accountablefortheir actions. Ensurethattax dollars arespent wisely. Increasetransparencyandimproveoversight.

Jurorsserve aone-year term andunlikeregular juryservice,itisnot afull-timeorin-courtcommitment. Inspections,interviews, andmeetingsare conducted in-personorvirtuallyanddonotrequiretraveltoMartinez. Throughtheseinvestigations,theydevelop findingsand recommendationsthatagenciesmustlegallyrespondtoinwriting. Grandjurors must be US CitizensandresidentsofContra CostaCountyforatleastoneyearandeighteen yearsof ageorover.

Seizethisopportunityto effectmeaningfulchangein local government!

The CivilGrand Juryis not acourtroomjury!

TheCivil Grand Jury actively investigateslocal government!

TheCivil Grand Jury issuesreports based ontheir investigations!

Formoreinformationorto apply, visit https://www.cc-courts.org

ChALLeNGeS FACiNGTheCiTy OF ANTiOCh

Overthepasttenyears,Antiochhas hadsixpermanentor actingCity Managers,withanaveragetenureofless thantwoyears.AtleasttwooftheCity’s lastthree permanentCityManagerswere terminatedbytheMayor andCityCouncil orresignedunderthreatof termination. Thelevelofturnoverhas been disruptive toCityoperationsandhas imposed incrementalcostson theCity.Importantly, ithasimpactedthe processof filling otherseniormanagementpositions.Asa result,overhalfoftheCity’smostsenior leadershippositions arecurrentlyheldby actingorpart-timepersonnel.

In addition toturnoverinCity leadership,Antiochcurrentlyexperiences alevelofvacanciesintotalCitystaff that isroughlyfour-timesthenationalaverage. Theseissuesarerelated.Inthe absence of apermanentCityManager,several departmentheadpositionshavenotbeen filled, which has delayed thehiring

processforstaff within these departments. Theresultis a21.6%Cityemployee vacancyrate.Thishighvacancyratehas negativelyimpactedAntioch’scitizensby delayingCitycapitalprojectsandslowing policeresponsetimestocalls,contributing to ahighercrimerateinrecentyears.

Inthecourseofourinvestigation,the GrandJurylearnedthatturnoverinthe City Managerposition andhigh employee vacancy rates areboth relatedto afailure, at times,bytheMayor andCityCouncil to respecttheCityManager’s operating authority.TheGrandJurybelievesthat certain actionsbytheMayor andCity Councilinrecentyearsinvolvedoversteppingtheirauthority,contributingto theturnoverinCityleadership.

TheGrandJuryalsolearnedinthe courseofitsinvestigationthatoneormore violationsofCalifornia’s BrownAct (alawrequiringopenandpublicmeetings bygovernmentofficials)mayhave occurredinvolvingcertainmembersof theAntiochCityCouncil.TheGrand Jury’s findingswereconsistentwithan investigationconductedbytheContra CostaCountyDistrictAttorney’sOffice.

TheGrand Juryrecommendedthat theCityCouncilfollowthroughon theprocessofhiringandretainingan experiencedandqualifiedCityManager. AnewCityManager’s successwill depend,inpart,ontheMayorandCity Councilcreatinganenvironmentthat whilemaintainingappropriateoversight, enablestheCityManagertooperatewith independenceandwithoutinappropriate interference. To ensurethatthe Mayor andCityCouncilperformtheirduties in compliance withthe Brown Act,the GrandJury also recommendedthatthe CityAttorneyconductBrownActtraining seminarsfortheMayor,CityCouncil, CityManagerandalldepartmentheads onanannualbasis.

TheContraCosta CommunityWarning System: Will Everyone Geta Warningin Time?

Whendisastersstrike, Americansexpecttheir governmenttoquicklynotify themofimminentdanger and theactionstheyneedtotake topreventinjuryorlossof life.Butinthedeadly firesthat devastatedthetownofParadise anddestroyedpartsofSanta Rosa,failuresinthose counties’ warningsystemscontributed toinjuriesandthelossoflife. Warningsalsocametoolatefor residentsto flee theirhomesin the2017SanJose floods and hundredshadtoberescued.

TheGrandJuryinvestigated ContraCostaCounty’s CommunityWarningSystem, orCWS,thatprovides countywideemergency warnings.TheGrandJury foundseveralrisksthat could resultinwarningsbeing delayed,orgoingouttoonlya fractionofthepeopleindanger. Forexample,undersome circumstancestheCWSmay notusethenation-widesystem thatsends Amberalertstoall cellphonesin adesignatedarea. Instead,warningmessages will goprimarilytopeople who havegoneonline,createda CWSaccount,andregistered their addressandcontact data, includingtheir email address.

Toreducetheriskthatpeople won’tgeta warning,the GrandJuryrecommendsthe County automatically create these accountsfrom existing utilityandtelecomcompanies’ databases.Peoplewhodon’t want anaccount created for themcan requestthatnone be created.

TheGrandJury alsofound thatinmajor disasters,such as the2017WineCountry Firesandthe2018Camp Fire,failureofthose warning systems wasoften aresultof thedestruction ofpowerand telecominfrastructure.Without thatinfrastructure, cellphones, landlines, andemaildon’t work.TheGrandJuryfound thatotherlocalities,suchasthe cityofBerkeleyandareasin MarinCounty,aremitigating thisriskbyinstallinglongrange acousticdevicesthatcan broadcastaudiblemessages upto amile away.Forpeople outdoorsthesedevicesmay makethedifferencebetween lifeanddeath. TheGrand JuryrecommendstheCounty commission afeasibilitystudy todeterminelocationsinthe Countywherethesedevices couldbeeffective.

TheGrandJury alsofoundthat ContraCostaCountyisthe only BayArea countythatrelies entirelyonanon-callspecialist tooperatetheCWSwhen needed.Alltheothercounties havetrainedwarningsystem operatorsintheir24/7dispatch centers.TheGrandJury recommendsthatContraCosta trainofficersinitsdispatch centertooperatetheCWS.

TheGrandJuryalsofound severalotherareasof improvement.TheGrand JuryrecommendstheCounty commissionanindependent expertteamtoconducta

comprehensiveriskanalysis oftheCWS.Thedesignand operationoftheCWScould benefitfrom agreaterdiversity of experienceandideas,and the Grand Juryrecommends theCounty create aCWS advisory bodycomprisedof emergency response experts from aroundtheCounty. Lastly, theGrandJuryfound alackof understanding astowhy halfthe participantsintwo evacuation drillsinRichmond claimedthey didn’t receivetheCWStest alert,andrecommendstheCWS conductteststounderstand these claims.

ImprovIngtheresponse to hazardous materIalreleases

OnerequirementoftheCalifornia Construction-Related AccessibilityStandards Compliance Actisthat“apublicagencyshall employorretainatleastonebuildinginspector whois acertifiedaccessspecialist.”A Certified AccessSpecialist(CASp)is apersonwhohas metcriteriaspecifiedbytheCalifornia Division oftheStateArchitect(DSA)forknowledgeof “standardactsgoverningaccesstobuildings forpersonswithdisabilities.”TheCASp certificationprocessverifies that aCASphasa detailedknowledgeofaccessibilitystandards. InContraCostaCountythebuildingdepartment - fortheunincorporatedareasofthe county andcitiesthatdonothavetheir ownbuilding departments -isa partoftheDepartmentof

ContraCostaCountyishometomorepetroleum refineriesthananyothercountyintheBayArea. ThetwolargestareMartinezRefiningCompany (PBFEnergy) andtheChevronRichmondRefinery.

Petroleumrefineriesstore andutilizehazardous materialsthatpose apotentialhealthrisktothe surrounding community. ContraCostaHealth Services’HazardousMaterialsDivision(HazMat) can utilizea notificationprogramusingthe Community WarningSystemtoalertsurrounding communitiestothereleaseofhazardousmaterials.

Currently,only about30%ofresidentshave registeredtheir cellphonestoreceivenotifications on theirphonesand/orbytextor emailofreported releases orthreatened releasesofhazardous materials.Anyonewishingtodoso can logon totheContraCostaHealthServices website at cwsalerts.comtoregisterforthosenotifications theywishtoreceive.TheGrandJury encourages allresidentstodoso.

To furtherimprovetheCommunity Warning SystemtheGrandJuryhasmadetwo recommendations:First,theGrandJuryhas confirmedfromsurveyevidencethatmembers of thepublicwantinformationfromHazMat regarding anyreleasefromthepetroleumrefineries thatcanbeobservedorsensedbythepublicoff site,includingsupposed“non-hazardous”releases thatarenot currentlyreported.This changetothe

ConservationandDevelopment(DCD).Except for athree-monthperiodin2021,DCDdidnot employorretain aCASpduringtheten-year periodprecedingthisGrandJuryinvestigation.

The GrandJurywasunabletoverifythatDCD staff havebeenadequatelytrainedtoreview buildingplansandbuildinginspectionsfor compliancewiththeaccessibilityrequirements inthe BuildingCodeasnostaff havebeen certified by theDSA.

TheGrand JuryrecommendedthattheBoardof SupervisorsinvestigatewhetherDCDisusing best practicestoenforceaccessibilitystandards incommercialbuildingsintheareasofthe countywhereithasjurisdiction. 6

Community WarningSystemcanbeimplemented forthosemembersofthepublicwhowantsuch information.Second,inordertoincreasethe numberofCountyresidentswhoareregisteredwith theCommunity WarningSystem,theGrandJury hasrecommendedthattheCounty,aspermittedby statelaw,acquirethecellphonenumbersof County residentsfrom the phoneprovidersandinstitute asocalled“opt-out”system.Underthissystem, cellphonenumbers wouldbeautomaticallyadded tothe Community WarningSystem.Anymember ofthepublicwhowishedtocouldopt-outofall orpartofthe systemafterreceivingnotification thattheircellphonehadbeenadded.Inaddition, theGrandJuryhasdeterminedfromtheHazMat staff thatthecurrentstructureusedtorespondto hazardousmaterialreleasesisnotaseffectiveas it couldbe. To addressthisdeficiencythreenew HazardousMaterials Supervisorypositionsshould beaddedtothestaff.Inaddition,HazMatshould place atoxicologistonretainer.A toxicologist onretainerwouldreducethecurrentdelayinthe public’sunderstandingofthehealthimpactsof aserioushazardousreleaseincidentsuchasthe Thanksgiving2022 releasefrom MartinezRefining Company(PBFEnergy).

Pursuanttostatelaw,fundingforthesenew positionscanandshouldbeassesseddirectlyto thepetroleumrefineriesandtheotheremittersof hazardousmaterialsintheCounty.

WouldYOU MakeA Good GrandJuror?

DoyoufeeltheneedtoincreasetheefficiencyofCountyandLocalgovernment, reducecosts,andimproveservices?

- Areyouwillingtodevoteyourtimeandenergytothatgoal?

-Are youwillingtotake apositiononanissueeventhoughtherewillbethosewhowilldisagreewithyou?

HowareyourListeningandAnalyticalSkills?

-Are you agoodcommunicator?

-Are you agoodlistener?

-Doyouhave agoodmemoryfordetail?

-Canyouseparatethe“WheatfromtheChaff?”

Canyouaskpenetratingquestions,examinedocuments,andhelpprepareclear,concise reports?

-Are yougoodatseparatingfactsfromrumor,emotional responses,andpersonalityorideologicaldifferences?

-Canyouexpressyourselfwellinwriting?

Areyouwillingtocooperatewith18others in reaching aconsensus?

- Do youvaluediversityofviews?

-Canyouevaluatedifferingideas?

-Canyoutakedirectionfromothers?

-Are youwillingtoassumeleadership responsibility?

CanyoumaintainconfidentialityoutsidetheGrandJury?

- TheGrandJuryoperatesinsecrecy

-YourworkmustbeconfidentialfromeveryoneotherthanfellowGrandJurors

-GrandJurorsaresworn“OfficersoftheCourt”

-Thereare penaltiesforviolatingthe“secrecy”oftheGrandJury

Areyouwillingtocommitto afullyearofproductivework?

-TheGrandJurytermsrunsfromJuly 1toJune30

-Canyoumake asubstantialcontribution?

...atleastthreehalf-days aweekinmeetings

...30hours aweekormoreinreadingand research

- Itisnecessarythatabsencesbeminimizedandifpossibleplanned

-Canyousustainenthusiasmunderprolongeddemands?

Are youwillingto receiveyour“rewards”throughpersonalsatisfaction?

- There islittle,ifany,public recognitionforindividualcontribution

...Your reportsmaybeunpopularandsubjecttocriticismbythe“subjects”andthemedia -Financialcompensationissmall

...Youwill receive astipendformeetingattendanceandcompensationformileage ..Parkingisprovided

Goon-line:www.cc-courts.org/grandjuryor call(925)608-2621foranapplication.

CIVILGRANDJURYPUZZLER

Down

1. Oversees theemergency alertsystem

2. Department that oversees construction andaccessibility access

3. Contra CostaCountyemergency alertsystem

4. Member presidingoverthe civil grandjury

7.CEO of acity

8. Federallaw requiringequal accessto personswithdisabilities

12. Formal inquirytodiscoverfacts

Across

5. Electedofficialsoverseeingcounty government

6. Minimum agetoserve on thecivil grandjury

9. Length of agrand juror’sterm

10.DivisionofContraCosta Health Services respondingtotoxic incidents

11. Courtappointed body to investigate localgovernment

13. Howtoreceive emergencyalerts

14. Open andpublic meetinglaw

15. Second largestcityinContraCosta County

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