LAKAR Putrajaya by ThinkingEyes

Lakar PUT RA JAYA

Lakar P U T R A JAYA

Illustrations by Tan Sri Samsudin Osman, Abd Aziz Buang, Chua Cheng Koon, Hisham Salmin, Jasasikin Abd Sani, Mohd Hafiz Abdul Khalek, Mohd Rani Mohd Tahir, Dr Rozaimi Md Rani, Santonie Parson, Shamsul Bahrin Rahmat, Tuan Sapuan Tuan Mat, Zainal Arifin Baseri, Zainuddin Miswan.

Copyright 2022 Perbadanan Putrajaya All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any other information storage, and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from Perbadanan Putrajaya. ISBN 978-967-17827-3-6 Edition 1, February 2022 Published by Perbadanan Putrajaya, Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya, 24 Persiaran Perdana, Presint 3, 62675 PUTRAJAYA, Malaysia

Contents

Page 9

Introduction

Page 15

Buildings

Page 79

Bridges

Page 89

Parks

Page 115

Water Recreations

Page 131

Boulevard & Promenade

Introduction

Putrajaya is at once many things – the federal government administrative centre of the nation, a model garden city and an award-winning green city that’s both progressive and yet still rooted in culture. The young city boasts of well-thought-through development, state-of-the-art infrastructure, magnificent architectural buildings and a landscape covered with a string of scenic man-made lakes. The vision to build Putrajaya to replace Kuala Lumpur as the administrative capital emerged in the late 1980s. At the initial stage several sites were identified and studied in terms of various aspects before the decision to choose Prang Besar was made. As a result, Putrajaya began to be developed on the site in 1995 following the planning doctrine of “man and his creator”, “man and man” and “man and nature. Putrajaya has never failed to capture the imagination of those who have set eyes on it. Today the postcard perfect garden city has taken on its role as Malaysia’s administrative capital with great success and has become the most ostentatious, comprehensive and elaborate administrative capital in South-East Asia. Putrajaya is not only the pride of those involved in its initial planning such as the town planners, architects, engineers and landscape architects but all Malaysians, especially when it has now

dramatically transformed into a self-sufficient city which not only serves as the beating heart of the federal government but also as a much-desired residential area and a must go to destination for tourists eager to savour its world class architecture and eye-catching landscape. When first planned, the vision associated with the development of this city was to demonstrate to all Malaysians as well as the international community that Malaysia is a stable, prosperous, and progressive nation while highlighting the nation’s deeply rooted cultural and spiritual values. Thus, Putrajaya’s development should be seen not only in the concrete aspect, as a federal administrative capital, but also in terms of building a strong civilisation centred on religion and pure spiritual values. To achieve its vision of a living landscape in the midst of the desire to create a sophisticated and modern garden city, the planners and designers focused on development in terms of conservation and for Putrajaya they came up with solutions to optimally manage the land and get the best out of it for the wildlife, people and, on the whole, the economy. The results can clearly be seen today. Putrajaya is full of beauty in all forms, but the architecture of its incredible buildings is definitely one of its most defining qualities. Today you can’t talk about Putrajaya without mentioning its magnificent architectural buildings that tower majestically amidst lush greenery and crystalclear water bodies, from the majestic Kompleks Perdana Putra which overlooks the Putrajaya Lake, Masjid Putra and Dataran Putra on one end to Putrajaya International Convention Centre on the other. The uniquely designed bridges in Putrajaya add to the city’s aesthetic appeal and dynamism and have become scenic spots that attract tourists and photographers. Parks and gardens feature prominently in Putrajaya and, thanks to thoughtful foresight and planning, these places of calm and relaxation are found within walking distance from all precincts in the city. The 11

stunning attractions of Putrajaya’s green areas are further enhanced by the creation of the lake and wetland areas, which are now among the key features of the city. While the wetland areas cater primarily to nature lovers, Putrajaya Lake takes on a more comprehensive role by functioning as a recreational area, an effective cooling system to the city and a rainwater catchment area. From the start, Putrajaya was never meant to be just any run-ofthe-mill type of city. It is envisioned as a city that pushes creativity to the limit while having its own unique concept and ideas on achieving the dream of becoming a garden city. Today Putrajaya has proven to all that it has not only evolved into a destination to visit and see stunning landmarks and landscapes but has also successfully set a benchmark for developments of its kind to follow and thrive while drawing strength to face challenges of the future. With so many landmarks in Putrajaya today, it’s hard to keep track of them all, but to get you acquainted with the city’s amazing architectural landscape, we offer this guide to the most beautiful buildings and landmarks in Putrajaya. This book presents rich breathtaking scenes of architecturally significant places in Putrajaya where the artists capture the essence and dynamic energy of these places in an expressive series of sketches and watercolour paintings. Perbadanan Putrajaya.

Mercu Tanda

The first stop for those interested in learning about Putrajaya’s early history should be Mercu Tanda, a monument with a time capsule structure built to commemorate the city’s establishment. The monument is the first landmark in Putrajaya where the site of the federal administrative centre was established here in 1995. Mercu Tanda, which stands at 78 metres, is located in Taman Putra Perdana, the highest point in Putrajaya with a pleasant and beautiful sweeping view of the city. Its design is a synthesis of a theme of high technology and the use of contemporary and traditional motifs, incorporating the Malaysian flag elements and representing Putrajaya’s sacred planning doctrine, the relationship between man, the natural environment and the Creator. There is a time capsule buried in front of this monument that contained a number of official documents on the history and development of Putrajaya and also a plaque that was installed to commemorate the launch of the city on August 29, 1995. 15

Perdana Putra

Perdana Putra is a stunning building that will make one fall in love with the city all over again. It is Putrajaya’s most popular tourist attraction and no trip to the city is complete without a stop in front of the building. Located strategically in Precinct 1 overlooking Dataran Putra and Persiaran Perdana on the axis towards Putrajaya International Convention Centre, construction of this building started on January 28, 1997 and it was completed and occupied in April 1999. Perdana Putra is the first office building to be constructed and completed in Putrajaya. Designed by Aqidea Architects Sdn Bhd, the six storey naturally stone clad building with distinguished glazed mosaic dome complex is the place where the Prime Minister’s office, the offices of the Deputy Prime Minister and Chief Secretary to the Government call home. Apart from having a general classical order and form, the sprawling complex highlights the rich Malay traditional and Islamic designs. Visitors will be amazed with the Islamic patterns on the column capital, traditional Malay decorations on the façade as well as the awan larat (wood carving motifs) on the internal wooden panels and external stone claddings. While approaching Perdana Putra from the main entrance, visitors can appreciate its symmetrical form which is a symbol of balanced and fair leadership. The green dome which sits in the centre of the building reminds whoever is in power that there will always be God above them. Indeed, the building has been designed to be conceptualised not only at par with the stately buildings in Europe but also befits the office that wields authority and serves as the place where key decisions of national concern are made. The Perdana Putra building was retrofitted with green technology in 2017 and since then it has been accorded a platinum rating in the Green Building Index (GBI). 17

Istana Melawati

The Melawati Palace, located in Precinct 1, Putrajaya, serves as a royal retreat for the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the Malaysian monarch. The palace was given the name Melawati by Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah of Selangor, the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong, which means “tower surveillance for city defence” in old Malay. Completed in 2002 and designed by Senibahri Arkitek, the palace consists of four main components, namely the royal wing, the reception wing, the banquet wing and the administrative block. The Melawati Palace was constructed to take on the unique characteristics of the old palace, including the timber structure of the past, which is now replaced by concrete. For example, at the side and middle of the palace, three tall towers form a prominent framework and these reflect old guard towers found in medieval Malay palaces. The threetiered roofs with intricate eaves and clay ‘buah butong’ (appendages at the corners) make an authentic attempt to recreate the East Coast’s traditional Malay roof designs. Inside the palace at the main staircase of the meeting wing, there is a Melawati which is made from chengal wood topped with a golden roof. Symbolically, with a Melawati the Yang di-Pertuan Agong would take control of the stability and well-being of the nation. Istana Melawati hosted the 199th meeting of the Conference of Rulers in May 2004.

Istana Melawati is an interesting architectural building that appears to be cascading gently down a hillside. The square-based pyramidal roof arranged on tiered levels and open-sided verandas, forms a very distinctive and prominent style. 19

Masjid Putra

Located on the edge of the scenic man-made Putrajaya Lake is Masjid Putra, which is arguably the city’s most distinctive landmark and one of the most beautiful mosques in the world. Established in 1999, the amazingly stunning pink-domed building constructed with rose-tinted granite is an example of how mosque designs have flourished in Malaysia where Islamic architecture artistically blends traditional designs, local craftmanship and the use of indigenous materials. Designed by Kumpulan Senireka Sdn Bhd, this magnificent architecture is divided into three main parts namely the prayer hall, the sahn or courtyard and public commodities. They are explicitly designed with a combined feature of Malay and Arab settings, providing visitors with a multicultural experience. With no internal partitions and only 12 giant pillars, the mosque’s massive prayer hall is capable of injecting a feeling of peace and devotion. The main prayer hall is purposefully built to ultimately be at the same level as the dataran, rather than the water and the lake, in order to avoid psychologically diminishing the mosque’s importance in comparison to the dataran. The sahn is created because it is a basic necessity of congregational mosques, according to the architecture of traditional mosques. Above, 36-metre diameter main dome stretches upon its roof, surrounded by eight other minor domes topping off the four corners of the structure. The main dome’s arabesque design is a plant-based carving as found in the mosques dome in Egypt. The decision to give the dome a pink colour turned out to be right because it left a lasting impression not only at close range but also from a distance on anyone who gazed at it. Apart from its famous dome, the beauty of this mosque is also realised in other sections such as its doors which are made of cengal wood, a selection of rugs and hall decorations that have succeeded in enhancing Malay art and elements based on Islamic values. At the top of the four corners of the mosque, the three-dimensional carvings of the muqarnas (honeycomb vault), a key component of Islamic architecture, make the panoramic atmosphere very appealing and prominent. Masjid Putra, constructed on a 10-acre site, can accommodate 10,000 worshipers in the main prayer hall and on the first floor. The sahn or courtyard can host up to another 5,000 worshipers during congregation and features decorative water ornamentation surrounded by beautifully constructed colonnades for visitors to find shade and cool off from the intense heat. To the left of the mosque entrance, a 116-metre-high minaret stands majestically in the shape of an eight-pointed star that further highlights the superior Islamic architecture and design. There are also five dividing tiers in the tower reflecting Islam’s five foundations and five daily prayers. Much of the mosque, which has a total altitude equivalent to 21 storeys, is surrounded by water, making it look as if it is floating, further enhancing and expressing its own uniqueness and beauty.

The sahn, with cascading water running on the floor, is created as a transition space to avoid drastic changes of atmosphere between the worldly Dataran Putra and the religion-oriented activity within the mosque, in addition to being a spilled-over space for prayers. 23

Kompleks Kementerian Kewangan

When one enters Putrajaya via Jambatan Seri Wawasan and after a turn at Lebuh Wawasan, the spectacular Kompleks Kementerian Kewangan seems to appear suddenly before the eyes. The 12-storey building complex, designed by GDP Architects and completed in August 2002, houses the several departments that make up the Ministry of Finance, responsible for taking care of the treasury and financial affairs of the country. In concept, this complex which is situated at the north of the Core Island, overlooking Persiaran Perdana and Dataran Wawasan and set against Taman Wawasan, is a reflection of a contemporary tropical architecture featuring an elaborated façade constructed with pre-cast panels, aluminium screens and sunshades. The structural frames were designed to withstand lateral load induced from a high hill slope behind the building. To highlight its uniqueness and elegance further, the complex’s Centre Tower is curved inwards and supported on column frames inclined at 15 degrees to achieve the leaning effect.

The structure has architectural and ornamental elements that are a blend of Islamic and Malaysian styles. It is a representation of contemporary tropical architecture with an elaborated façade in concept. This building has won the Malaysian Construction Industry Award 2002 Builders Award – Commercial / Office Building Project. 27

Jabatan Pendaftaran Negara

The Jabatan Pendaftaran Negara building is deliberately placed in one of the most prominent areas in Precinct 2, Putrajaya in line with its importance. The building, which was completed in 2005 and designed by Gerak Reka Akitek Sdn Bhd, is customer-friendly, particularly because it is an important department among people coming to register significant events such as births, marriages, citizenship status, and so on. Built on lot 2G5, the design of this building takes into account and honours local culture and customs, promotes the quality of development control and identifies sustainable development. Courtyard spaces that are furnished with beautiful landscapes and indirectly provide a conducive space to encourage customer interaction with staff, are unique features added to this building. The courtyard is enclosed and built in the style of Islamic geometric designs, giving it a formal appearance. The facade is fitted with polished granite for the first two floors of the building, while sandstone spray granite is used in the other sections. Because of the topographical characteristics of the site, which slopes from the side of Persiaran Perdana, it makes it possible to use the basement to house public spaces such as a multipurpose hall and surau. As it is a focal point, the developers have also wisely created 2.5-metre to five-metre wide walks around this building to ensure the comfort and safety of pedestrians and promote the use of pedestrian walkways at the same time.

Ministry of Plantation Industries & Commodities

This magnificent building is home to the Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities and several agencies under it. The 14-storey building, designed by Arkitek Kitas Sdn Bhd and completed in 2005, is an example where office buildings of different owners are built based on the same concept and design to bring uniformity to the neighbourhood in which they are built. The building was constructed on lot 2G4 and its design and planning were carried out simultaneously with neighbouring office blocks, namely on lots 2G3, 2G5 and 2G6, in order to establish standardisation and harmony to showcase the architecture on the Core Island since these blocks also act as decorators of Persiaran Perdana. In addition to the tower building, this development also includes a podium block with walls that form a continuous street wall along the main road. Developed on a 3,776-acre site, the total allocated office building plinth area for this project is 70 percent, while the other 30 percent is designated for green/open areas such as courtyards. The exterior of this building’s facade uses a granite finish on the ground floor and the lobby, offering a prestigious appearance. The other part of this building is given a granite spray finish which complements the lower part of the building. Furthermore, the building is decorated with aluminum powder coated window frames and windows with tinted tempered glass.

Monumen Alaf Baru

Monumen Alaf Baru or the Millennium Monument, as its name reflects, represents the hope of this administrative capital as well as the nation moving forward with remarkable progress based on the country’s history, culture, Islamic influences and vision. The 68-metre-high monument was designed by T.R. Hamzah & Yeang Sdn Bhd and is located on the waterfront in Precinct 2. It was completed in the year 2005. The monument was built to respond to both the physical surrounding as well as the intellectual and spiritual dimensions of the country. The ascent is in the form of a veranda-style observation platform divided into four interconnected fractions to illustrate the period of preindependence Malaysia (before 1957), post-independence (1957-1970), Malaysia today (1971-2020) and Malaysia in 2020 and beyond. The monument, among others, summarises the concept of national symbolism where the national flower ‘Bunga Raya’ is used as a design metaphor to shape the structure of the monument’s ramp, cultural definition where the monument’s colour and texture are taken from the Malay cultural object artifact the ‘tepak sirih’ and historical narration where the monument serves as ‘time pole’ with a historical mapping etched on the pole and glass on the ramp balustrade. The late Professor Emeritus Tan Sri Dr Khoo Kay Kim was consulted to ensure that this historical mapping is accurate and based on true historical data. At night, this aluminum monument tower would, like a lighthouse, emit bright light, making it appear more exclusive and stunning.

Suruhanjaya Tenaga

The all-green Suruhanjaya Tenaga headquarters, or known as Diamond Building, is one example of the development of a state-of-the-art building designed to suit a planned modernist city like Putrajaya. This uniquely shaped building, which is the headquarters of the Malaysia Energy Commission, was designed by NR Architect. It is located at Precinct 2, Putrajaya, adjacent to Taman Pancarona, a public landscape garden. The diamond shape was specifically chosen because the prestigious precious gems symbolise transparency, value and durability; features that represent the role and mission of the commission as a regulatory body. First designed in 2005 and completed in 2010, it is built to showcase the use of sustainable materials and green technologies to cut down energy and water wastage. The passivedesign, energy-efficient structure is intended to use more natural light and to consume about one-third the amount of energy of a conventional building of its size. The building also boasts its extensive water conservation techniques, which involve using rainwater for toilet flushing and combining it with water fittings including dual flush toilets, waterless urinals, and aerator-equipped water taps to minimise potable water use by more than 65 percent. The Diamond Building has been awarded Platinum ratings under Malaysia’s Green Building Index (GBI) and Singapore’s Green Mark program.

Istana Kehakiman

Istana Kehakiman or the Palace of Justice, which houses the Malaysian Court of Appeal and Federal Court, takes its rightful place as one of the most recognisable landmarks in Putrajaya. Some think it looks like an ancient castle plucked from classic Arabic tales, while others define it as mystical and breathtaking. At Istana Kehakiman, the eclectic mix of architectural styles from different parts of the Islamic world exudes a feeling of old grandeur and aristocracy. Its Moorish features, often seen in iconic Malaysian buildings such as the Sultan Abdul Samad Building and the Railway Station in Kuala Lumpur, make it easy to draw the attention of all. Noticeable for its off-white stone finish colour, the building which is located in the heart of the third precinct in Putrajaya was designed by Aqidea Architects Sdn Bhd, the same architecture firm which designed Perdana Putra. Completed in 2004, this building appears to hold its own philosophy, which is symmetrical when viewed from the front elevation, suggesting the balanced decision to be executed in the building. The facade of the building, despite its grand scale, has a classical proportion and order that is connected with the human scale. This can be seen in the dimensions of the columns, window and door openings, and even in the gentle steps that lead to the entrances. The structure, which is mainly reinforced concrete clad with local granite, has the Muqarnas design on the top of its columns. In fact, most of the architectural details, such as the screens, balustrades, arches, floor patterns, were derived from designs of the Islamic civilisation. As for the 34-metre diameter dome that sits on top of the main atrium, it symbolised the heavens and the universe – a constant reminder that God is above all. There are four other smaller domes that surround the large one, a common sight in landmark buildings such as mosques, mausoleums and public buildings found in the Islamic civilisation. The uniqueness of the design and the great sense of freedom due to generous space allocation in the complex have many singing praises of the palace.

Istana Kehakiman, constructed on an 8.2-acre site along Persiaran Perdana and facing Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya and Masjid Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin along the Kiblat Axis, has become a landmark and backdrop for Merdeka parade, the role previously played many years by Sultan Abdul Samad Building in Kuala Lumpur.

Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya

The elegant Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya, designed to reflect its owner’s image and identity as the city authority governing the Federal Territory of Putrajaya, is built on a contemporary interpretation of traditional Islamic architecture. The complex consists of office blocks, an auditorium called Cempaka Sari, conference halls named Seri Siantan and Seri Melati, annexed blocks and an “iwan” or gerbang (gate) that acts as a grand entrance to the area. The office blocks are made up of four simple volumes integrated around courtyards. The space planning separates the public from the office staff via a gallery or grand atrium. Within this atrium, which faces the Kiblat Walk, discussion rooms are suspended in order to extenuate a dynamic effect of the facade. The “iwan” works well as a gateway symbol because the ‘gerbang’ is a sign of power, security and prosperity in the Islamic architectural tradition, which defines the characteristics of Perbadanan Putrajaya as the city authority. One of the city’s most prominent landmarks, the gerbang’s intricate geometrical cladding and structure animate like glittering crystals as light falls upon them. The design of Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya was provided by a number of architectural firms. The office building was designed by Zon Design Rekabina Sdn Bhd in collaboration with Arkitek Karya Budi Sdn Bhd, the auditorium by Aqidea Architects Sdn Bhd and the conference hall by Kumpulan Seni Reka Sdn Bhd. With its prominent appearance and reputation for frequently serving as the backdrop for various events in Putrajaya, this structure is a must-see for visitors. 41

Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya addresses the Kiblat axis and the two other landmarks along this vista - Istana Kehakiman and Masjid Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin. The use of framing represents the corporation’s focus on accountability and transparency in fulfilling the tasks at hand.

The main feature of the complex includes the gateway or “gerbang”, which has a public viewing deck on the highest level with a spectacular view of the city skyline.

The front area of Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya is used as a backdrop for major events and gathering space. 43

Masjid Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin

One of the most striking sights in Putrajaya is the metal-domed Masjid Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin glinting in the sun. A popular stopover for visitors, it is Putrajaya’s second principal mosque, after Masjid Putra, though it is double the size. It was designed by Kumpulan Seni Reka Sdn Bhd to accommodate approximately 20,000 worshippers, including government officials working around the city centre as well as areas within Precincts 2, 3, 4 and 18. Built next to the spectacular Putrajaya Lake, the sacred building known colloquially as the Iron Mosque proclaims the presence and strength of Islam, the official religion of Malaysia. The main components of the mosque are the main prayer hall, terrace prayer area, sahn or courtyard, main entrance and retail spaces. Architecturally, the appearance of the mosque was intended to blend with its surrounding buildings especially Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya. Hence, the steel concept, which was also inspired from the design of the Mosque of Rome (Moschea di Roma), in Parioli, Rome, was introduced. The path leading to the mosque, which crosses a skyway known as the Kiblat Walk, was adapted from the ancient castles of the Alhambra. The mihrab wall was made of 13-metre high glass panel with two verses from Sura Al-Baqarah on the right and Sura Ibrahim on the left inscribed on it. This wall is unique in that no light is reflected, creating an illusion that the verses are floating in mid-air. The dome has a unique and elegant design to compliment the overall design of the mosque. This architectural landmark, which can be splendidly seen from a distance from many places around Putrajaya, used 6,000 tons of iron, or 70 percent of its building materials, with the remaining 30 percent of concrete, hence the nickname. The construction of this magnificent edifice began in April 2004 and was fully completed a little more than five years later in August 2009. Depending on where the viewer stands and the incidence of light, the stainless steel spiral mesh façade cladding appears semi-transparent or opaque, with a shimmering metallic effect or simply pale grey. At night, an illumination brings the transparency of the woven façade shell into the limelight. The sophisticated façade cladding, comprising stainless steel spiral mesh, not only connects the building’s rectangular openings architecturally, it also performs important functions ie; climate control, solar and weather protection.

The entrance is made up of a series of arches decorated with the calligraphic 99 names of Al-Asmaul-Husna in Thuluth script.

Masjid Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin’s 48-metre diameter dome has a distinctive and elegant architecture to complement it’s overall design with the language of contemporary modernity. Symbolically, with its aesthetic value, the dome portrays the essence of Islamic teachings and faith. With a flat shape and properly proportional to the overall design of the mosque, the dome is divided into 24 ribs which are known as the structural leaf where ribs symbolise the numbers of Rasul (Messenger). The 25th Rasul is the circular shape that act as the caping of the dome which ties all the ribs. 47

Kompleks Islam Putrajaya

Kompleks Islam Putrajaya is one of the newest buildings built to spruce up Putrajaya and is instantly recognisable from its distinctive woven-like roof with trellises and geometrically crafted screens. Two things stand out as one drives towards the Islamic complex, namely the lace-like facade screens and curved arches that form a woven-like roof. The complex was designed by RSP Architects Sdn Bhd and completed in 2016 with a style and form that represents a progressive force in Islam. In fact, the complex is inspired by the parable of light in the Holy Quran, specifically in reference to ‘the light verse’ (An Nur 24:35) where the source of light is described as enclosed in a crystal, illuminating like a brilliant star. It is from this description that the designer got the idea to form a dynamic architecture where light penetrates through and into the building. Occupying an area slightly more than two hectares in Precinct 3, the complex comprises four blocks located on three different plots of land. Each plot is connected by pedestrian bridges and corridors, with every block having its own external public plaza and garden where staff can gather and exchange ideas. Housing the Malaysian Islamic Development Department (JAKIM), the complex complements the Government’s vision of making Putrajaya the nation’s administration centre, bringing together all the religious agencies under the Prime Minister’s Office in one central location.

The main plaza is located between Block A and B, where a translucent canopy embraces the space as well as shields it from the elements. The main canopy with its decorative semivaulting steel structure, simplified into subtly looking pointed-arch substructures, is an interpretation of the decorative Islamic ornaments muqarnas (three-dimensional decorations.)

Wisma Tani

Another fascinating addition to the architecture of Putrajaya’s main boulevard is Wisma Tani, fresh in style, form and character, completed in 2005 based on design by Almaz Architect Sdn Bhd. Wisma Tani, the headquarters of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industries, was one of four buildings built under the same development on four adjacent lots (4G1, 4G2, 4G3 and 4G4), intersected by the central Boulevard of Putrajaya, based on concepts by the lead and coordinating architect, Veritas Architects. The plan of the oval-shaped four towers traces a motif of four interlocking circles, in the tradition of geometric Islamic forms. The Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industries occupies two of the four buildings (4G1 and 4G2). The oval-shaped 18-storey Wisma Tani and its angularshaped six-storey podium blocks are designed based on the concept of sustainable Malaysian tropical architecture. The tower of glass/aluminum facades and passive solar devices is architecturally distinct from its adjacent predecessors, the Government buildings in Precinct 2, built of solid walls with punctuated windows and heavily colonnaded street fronts. A notable feature in the building is a façade system utilising a series of tension rods that support a vertical arrangement of fixed frameless glass. This feature is visually apparent at the vertical central band of the tower and the corners of the low-rise blocks. The design concept of Wisma Tani also made specific reference to heritage elements from Melaka, which is a fusion of several ethnicities, for example, the use of carved timber screen and shutters with flower motifs. The construction of Wisma Tani and the adjacent blocks signal a shift in the architectural pattern of the country, one where sustainability and energy conservation are key factors in design considerations while using elements and symbolisms that are very similar to Malaysian culture and tradition — moving forward without forgetting the past.

Wisma Sumber Asli

The uniformity of the buildings in this cluster of four parcels is evident in Menara Sumber Asli, which is also built with an 18-storey tower and a sixstorey government office podium. This building, which is home to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, is located at 4G3, a site that is slightly rectangular and was completed in 2005. The challenge for the architects, Veritas Architects, like most buildings in Putrajaya, was to come up with designs that had Malaysian cultural values and compatible with the occupants’ needs to become one of the landmarks of Precinct 4. In the design of lot 4G3 a wealth of materials was composed in each zone of its design to achieve a harmonious and competent effect while preserving the intrinsic value of locally identifiable image. Although wanting to incorporate local philosophy and elements into this building, a new and progressive architectural format is also targeted at the same time. Menara Sumber Asli strongly adheres to the spirit of traditional architecture created by the four main components which have defined how to shape building forms over time: weather, cultural symbolism, way of life and symbiotic natural landscape. In terms of weather, the use of louvred sunshading screens and projections from the building façade (overhangs, attached roof and canopies) had become icons in traditional architectural forms. Cultural symbolism in traditional architecture, meanwhile, is achieved through opportunities available in functional architectural forms and devices. For example, Malay carvings are normally found in sunshading screens which are functional, not merely decorative. For this building, the concept is opposed to the idea of creating predetermined traditional forms, then attempting to fit the function within. The approach advocates the process of incorporating traditional symbolism into an already functional form, whenever an opportunity allows the process to occur. The traditional motif used for this building is the crossed pattern that can be seen on the songket as well as various woven fabrics found in the unique local culture. By using materials and elements of modern design, this image is translated into the language of architecture while stressing something simple and dynamic for the overall design. 55

Menara KBS

Menara KBS, which is home to the Ministry of Youth and Sports, decided to pursue something dynamic and progressive as a special theme for its 18-storey tower and two 5-storey and 6-storey podium blocks. The site, which was originally planted with rubber trees, is relatively flat, enabling the designer, W&W Architects, to consider a variety of building concepts. The developers are mindful that the site of the government office on this 4G4 plot is important in the context of the nearby area’s urban design, especially Precinct 4. This is because there are other significant developments around, such as Istana Kehakiman, Kompleks Perbadanan Putrajaya and other government offices. This implies that the features of vista continuity, pedestrian paths, squares, building facades, focal points, landscapes and other elements need to be carefully scrutinised, especially in terms of the interface between one parcel with another. After some thought, the nautical theme was picked as the key concept of construction design as it represents success and, indeed, Malaysia had just celebrated the success of its citizens, Datuk Azhar Mansor, sailing around the world at the time the concept of this building was designed. The sail is a sign of a journey to a destination where the progress achieved and the challenges experienced will be the journey. The theme could also be traced back as an early impetus for the development of the country’s multi-racial society, as the previous generation was closely connected to the sea, and many of them had arrived by sea transport. In addition, this theme corresponds with the Ministry of Youth and Sports, which is also seen as vibrant and evolving, as a ministry responsible for generating talent for sports and for the next generation of great leaders. The unified and harmonious nature of local society manifest itself in the weaving patterns of the screens that adorn the facades of the building. Almost the entire exterior of the building, which was completed in 2005, is covered with solid aluminum cladding panel finishing apart from granite panels and laminated glass for the open sections.

4Gs

Precinct 4 is one of the last sections developed on the Core Island of Putrajaya and this area is considered to have been reserved primarily for the construction of high-rise buildings that are the headquarters of several ministries, in addition to being adorned with a beautiful landscape. Built on several lots jointly known as 4Gs and completed in 2011, the office towers are home to the Ministry of Rural Development, the Ministry of Communications and Multimedia, the Ministry of Housing and Local Government and the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development. When viewed from a distance, their positioning structure looks parallel, making these buildings a feast for the eyes. These buildings were built with the concept of a tower in a garden, taking into account that Putrajaya was created as a garden city itself. In accordance with the garden tower definition, all these structures set their orientation towards Persiaran Perdana and Dataran Gemilang. The Ministry of Rural Development building located on lot 4G8 and designed by Juhari & Hashim Chartered Architects is formed from three basic shapes combined, namely the rectangle as the main pillar and two petals of different heights, combined as if growing in the garden. The Ministry of Communications and Multimedia building, designed by Jafri Merican Architects Associates Sdn Bhd and constructed on lot 4G9, is proudly composed of the elements of Malay culture and traditions, such as keris and songket, and, interestingly, use Fibonacci series (a mathematical progression of numbers) to implement the values of nature such as those of growing plants. The Ministry of Housing and Local Government on lot 4G10, designed by Aqidea Architects Sdn Bhd, got its initial concept from the nearby Bulatan Gemilang; where the plan of the building follows the shape of a semi-circle. The top of the building is fitted with a 10-finger symbol as if holding hands to the sky as a sign of gratitude. In terms of appearance, the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development on Lot 4G11, designed by Hijjas Kasturi Associates, acts as an important visual landmark from the north of Persiaran Perdana and frames the view to the South peak where PICC is located. When these buildings were designed, focus was given to the smooth flow of traffic, the connectivity of pedestrians around the buildings, interaction between ministries and integration with the surrounding development involving landscape uniformity and so on.

Since entrances are so important to give each tower its own identity, all of the buildings on the 4Gs site put a premium on the design of their respective entrances. 61

To complement the vision that Putrajaya is itself a garden city, the ministerial buildings were designed and constructed with the concept of towers in a garden, as though plants rising out of the earth’s surface.

Putrajaya International Convention Centre

The Putrajaya International Convention Centre, designed by Hijjas Kasturi Associates, is the epitome of international style aesthetics expressed by using local heritage as a basis in its design. For example, the distinctive and unique roof structure is modelled loosely on the shape of the traditional Malay belt buckle, the “pending perak”, and influenced by vernacular jack-roofs that allow warm air to escape through upper openings. The building, also referred to as PICC, is located along the Putrajaya’s central axis, more specifically on Taman Puncak Selatan peak in Precinct 5 and was constructed from 2001 to 2003 to become the main conference centre for Putrajaya. It was built to incorporate and reflect 135,000 square metres of contiguous space and occupied a site of almost 1.3 million square feet, making it one of the largest convention centres in Malaysia. Some have described PICC as a mini garden in a broad garden city as the concept of the building is to preserve the original landscape of the site as public parks and gardens while the architectural footprint only takes up very little land area. The design of PICC allows the users to appreciate both the architecture and the nature as the spaces are surrounded by greeneries and welcome the natural elements to enhance the spatial experience. The success of the PICC’s construction will be remembered for the fact that it was completed just in time to host the Organization of Islamic Cooperation’s 10th Islamic Summit (OIC). This was Putrajaya’s first international event, and it attracted many world leaders.

A section at the cosy courtyard in PICC. It is beautifully designed in keeping with the idea that the building site itself is a mini garden.

Flagpoles are set neatly and beautifully to welcome visitors to the PICC. 67

Alam Warisan

Alam Warisan is a sprawling property that makes an immediate impression. The grandiose structure was specially designed as a hotel building, and was previously operated as Pullman Hotel and Resorts Putrajaya and now as Double Tree by Hilton Putrajaya Lakeside. Designed by Senibahri Arkitek and completed in 2002, its elegance casually leaves an impact on four acres of landscaped grounds, standing majestically on the shores of Putrajaya Lake in Precinct 5. Among the interesting features of this building is its four towers that are arranged in the shape of a horseshoe, giving most rooms excellent views of the lake. The design of a heritage resort hotel complex with four culturally distinct buildings is the focus of this project. As a result, each block is influenced by four different cultures: Malay, Chinese, Indian, and Borneo. A Malay water village was built over the lake as an extension of the Malay heritage block. The complex, which is conceived as a living museum, aims to inspire local and international tourists through various ethnic heritage, culture, performing arts, craft, traditions, events, lifestyle and art. It is also of a scale that will make it seem majestic, as if it were some sort of ancient royal palace. A popular venue for all sorts of events, the resort-style hotel building is flanked by the Putrajaya Lake and Marina Putrajaya.

Wisma Putra

Wisma Putra, built on a 12.12 acres site in Precinct 2, is home to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The complex, which was designed by Kumpulan Akitek Sdn Bhd and completed in 2002, symbolises the power of a government institution based on a traditional and modern architectural mix. Its strategic position on a hill surrounded by Taman Wawasan makes it a landmark in tandem with nature. In fact, the complex was designed to fit into Taman Wawasan’s natural setting. Traditional architectural features can be seen in the roof design which is an adaptation to the roof of old Malay homes. Floral motifs adorn the grilles for windows, pillars as well as roof edges. Islamic geometric designs have been introduced into the marble and granite floors. 71

Kompleks Kerajaan Parcel F

The completion of Kompleks Kerajaan Parcel F, or simply known as Parcel F, in 2018, marks the end of the planned construction of government buildings in Putrajaya. The project is located in Precinct 1, surrounded by Persiaran Sultan Sallahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah in the west, Lebuh Perdana Timur in the south, National Centre for Defence Studies in the north and Sultan Alam Shah School and Gas District Cooling Plant 1 on the east side. This complex was designed by three architectural firms: SNO Architects Sdn Bhd, Jafri Merican Architects Associates Sdn Bhd, and Pakatan Reka Arkitek Sdn Bhd. Consisting of 10 government office buildings ranging from four to 13 storeys and spread over a land area of 34 acres, Parcel F received a modern infusion of Islamic architecture style. The design motif of this building is interpreted from the traditional ‘songket’ costume where various threads are intricately intertwined to create the final component. The planning for Parcel F was designed as a series of layers, building forms and traffic circulation which would contribute to different user experiences as one progresses into the site. The project was handed over to its residents in 2019 after going through a construction period of 42 months, which was completed seven months in advance. Occupants of Parcel F include the Public Services Commission of Malaysia, the National Audit Department of Malaysia, the Town and Country Planning Department, the Federal Territory Public Works Department, the National Landscape Department and the Department of Statistics Malaysia.

The project involves the provision of workplaces for more than 5,800 government employees and provides carpark space with over 2,800 bays.

Kompleks Parcel F is the first government building project fully implemented with Building Information Modelling (BIM) from design stage through to Facilities Management. 75

Menara SPRM

Menara SPRM, the new headquarters of the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission in Precinct 7, Putrajaya, is an award-winning building designed with distinctive architecture. This building looks remarkable and stands out from other buildings because it is developed on the basis of traditional concepts of local housing built on piles. The three high rises with 25 to 30 levels start at a height of 20 – 40 metres above the ground, found on top of a series of inclined mega columns. It is built on an area of 2.07 hectares situated on a hill, making it more impressive. The building, designed by RSP Architects Sdn Bhd and completed in 2017, is equipped with world-class amenities that match the building’s elegance and sophistication. Menara SPRM has also won an award when its building contractor, Pembinaan Mitrajaya Sdn Bhd, received the IFAWPCA Gold Medal Award under the Building Construction category for the Design & Build of the Office Building & Tower.

Jambatan Seri Gemilang

The entire architecture of Putrajaya’s Jambatan Seri Gemilang seems to be very artistic and decorative, making it a distinguishing and notable attraction in Putrajaya. The ceremonial bridge links Heritage Square with the Putrajaya International Convention Centre and is one of the key landmarks in the city based on its stunning appearance while also acting as the main gateway for vehicles and pedestrians to the Core Island from the south. Designed by PJSI Consultants Sdn Bhd, the bridge depicted the architectural features and finishes from the Islamic and local Malay architecture. The design of the bridge is meant to enhance the aesthetics where the landscape and illumination take into consideration to blend with the surroundings. The modern steel framework with some kind of panelling gives a Roman look to its exterior finish. The bridge’s notable characteristics include precast stone baluster fabrics, specially designed lamp parts and distinct towers. The bridge with six traffic lanes completed in 2003 is further enhanced by the first ever made-in-Malaysia cast alloy garland with floral design painted in a gold colour finish along both sides of the street. This made the bridge appear to be a classical architectural image, particularly the decorative lantern and street lighting, which are made of metal and cast alloy complete with gold paint finish.

Jambatan Putra

Jambatan Putra, ranked top in terms of grandeur and amazing bridge architecture, connects the government precinct to the mixed development precinct and links Dataran Putra with Persiaran Perdana. Kumpulan Seni Reka Sdn Bhd was tasked with designing this bridge, which was completed in 2000. Influenced by the architecture and design of the famous Khaju Bridge in Isfahan, Iran, the upper level of the bridge forms part of Persiaran Perdana. With a span of 435 metres, this unique three-deck bridge provides vehicle, monorail and pedestrian access. Recessed panels on the walls of the towers sport geometric designs and arabesque motifs. Underneath Jambatan Putra there is a jetty where boats depart for a cruise around the lake. Because of its width, some people consider the bridge to be a broad pedestrian bridge. Visitors can take a stroll along the bridge promenade or climb up the observation deck of a tower to soak in the splendour of the sunset. The bridge and this part of the city are a real highlight of a visit to Putrajaya.

Jambatan Seri Saujana

Jambatan Seri Saujana, which was completed in 2002 and located at Lebuh Sentosa, grabs your attention with its pair of parabolic arches and twin A-shaped pylons inclined towards each other. Designed by PJSI Consultants Sdn Bhd, this bridge’s design concept was a first of its kind, combining two supporting systems: an asymmetric cable-stayed support structure designed to bear the bridge’s self-weight load, and a slender arch designed to carry the superimposed loads. The designer devised the matrix formula to force the two systems to operate in unison in order to support the overall design loads and create an elegant, economically viable, and one-of-a-kind bridge shape that provides a solution for a long-span bridge. The bridge is controlled by the principal design parameters to reflect a transparent, elegant and futuristic slender looking structure, with an overall single span of 300 metres and a total width of 32 metres. Perhaps it is enough to note, without going through further technicalities, that this bridge is a marvel of engineering and has won multiple accolades. This is one of the main bridges illuminating Putrajaya’s night skyline, consisting of dual three-lane carriageways and acting as a link between Precinct 4 and Precinct 7. It is absolutely breathtaking, particularly after sunset, and some visitors stay on the bridge for hours just to take in the scenery. 83

This bridge’s design concept is the first of its kind, making it both technologically and aesthetically fascinating.

Jambatan Seri Wawasan

The jaw-dropping Jambatan Seri Wawasan is the easy choice as the most elegant of the bridges in Putrajaya. It was exceptionally and beautifully designed by PJSI Consultants Sdn Bhd and completed in 2001. Classified as a signature bridge, this futuristic asymmetric cable-stayed bridge with a uniquely chosen inclined forward pylon resembles the sail pylon of a ship sailing into the future of developed Malaysia. The main span is supported by 30 pairs of front cable stays arranged in a fan form, with 21 pairs of cable backstays mounted to counterbalance this. Its curvaceous and slender profile is easily visible from many vantage points in the city. With a length of 240 metres and a height of 67 metres Jambatan Seri Wawasan is the key link between Precinct 2 at the Core Island and the residential area of Precinct 8 and an important link to the mixed-development precinct. The bridge also has fantastic views of Putrajaya, especially when looking north, where both Masjid Putra and Perdana Putra could be seen. One of the many reasons visitors come to Putrajaya, the bridge is just a beauty — both in the day and night. At night, it is illuminated by alternating coloured lights, making it more gorgeous and a beautiful sight to behold. This is another spot that photography enthusiasts love because the illuminated bridge and its lake reflection will make the photographs extremely stunning and memorable.

Taman Warisan Pertanian

Taman Warisan Pertanian, located in the southern part of Purtrajaya’s precinct 16, was built to help preserve Malaysia’s agricultural heritage. The park depicts the evolution of commercial agriculture in Malaysia over the centuries. It is not an easy task and many applaud the far-sightedness of Putrajaya and its willingness to spend big on building this agricultural heritage park. As a result, Taman Warisan Pertanian is a great place to see a variety of tropical fruit trees, herbs and spices, as well as commercial crops like rubber, palm oil, tea, and coffee, making it a fun and informative park where tourists can have a hands on agriculture experience. The park is equipped with a covered area called Penanggah, a place for exhibitions, shows or sales from time to time. This complex was deliberately designed with traditional Malay architecture to establish a local atmosphere, in line with its position in preserving the valuable heritage of the country. The most fascinating section of the park is undoubtedly its orchard, which is planted with a range of seasonal Malaysian fruits such as durian, Malaysia’s King of Fruits, mangosteen and rambutan. In addition, herbs and spices are also grown here, among them kunyit (turmeric, sireh (betel) and selasih (basil), as well as agro industry plants such as oil palm and rubber trees. 89

Latex production equipment.

A rubber smallholder’s house.

Taman Botani Putrajaya

The award-winning Taman Botani Putrajaya is a must-see attraction for those visiting the beautiful city of Putrajaya. There are several major parks in the city which is referred to as a city in the garden and for many, the botanical garden, which is located in Precinct 1, is the favourite. With so many varied plants and trees on display which bloom or flower at different times of the year, there is always something new to catch the eye at the botanical garden. In the floral gardens area, plants are planted according to their countries of origin. The African collection features a number of plant species native to the African continent. Plants such as Semarak Api and Plumbago are among the many species that can be seen here. The American Tropics collection showcases various plant species from the American continent while from the Asia Pacific region, we could find many more familiar-looking species of trees and flowers. In comparison, as opposed to the same park abroad, the age of this park might still be too young and the trees are therefore not yet fully grown. However, the skilful planting of trees and shrubs, together with some well-planned hardlandscaping have combined to create a pleasing appearance for the visitor. Taman Botani Putrajaya was conferred as one of Asia’s Most Amazing Gardens by the Royal Chelsea Foundation, London at the World Premier Royal Chelsea Flower Show in 2008. It is also listed among the 40 beautiful and fun parks in Asia in the book Paradise Found: Journeys Through Noble Gardens of Asia.

Astaka Morocco

Astaka Morocco or the Moroccan Pavilion, situated in a corner of Taman Botani Putrajaya, is a monument of distinct art with a mesmerising brown architectural structure. This pavilion is surrounded by landscaped gardens and next to Putrajaya Lake. Its construction denotes the cordial relations between Malaysia and Morocco, so it was actually designed with the Moroccan government’s support and built with the assistance of skilled Moroccan craftsmen who were brought in to assemble the pieces and apply the finishing touches. With a built-up area of 18,000 square feet, this impressive building demonstrates Moorish architecture such as those found in places like Cordoba and Granada, Spain. The pavilion is divided into three grand courtyards: the entrance, the King’s Court and the Granada Court, which are each protected by ornate gates known as the City Gate, the Palace Gate and the Splendour Gate. The water fountain, located in the middle of the Court of Granada, is modelled after the Court of the Lion of Alhambra. Calligraphic verses from the Quran adorn the walls of the courtyard. The intricate craftsmanship of the ceilings, pillars and walls was prefabricated in various villages in Morocco and shipped over to Putrajaya. The beauty of this pavilion becomes more evident particularly during the sunset when the sun rays touch the building.

Taman Saujana Hijau

Taman Saujana Hijau is an attractive 41-hectare park covering a ridge and three rolling hills in the north-western corner of Putrajaya’s Precinct 11. With a greater use of pine trees and other conifers and less tropical planting, the landscaping is distinct from other parks in Putrajaya. Taman Saujana Hijau is a welcoming sight with views worth the hike in what appears to be tropical high country in Putrajaya. There are three zones in the park; the European Garden, the Oriental Garden and the English Garden. The European Garden is located on the highest of the three hills and offers excellent views over Putrajaya. A Chinese-style pavilion crowns the Oriental Garden and makes greater use of tropical plants, while the English Garden has an elegant gazebo surrounded by colourful flower beds. Taman Saujana Hijau has wide walkways for running and cycling lanes encircle and pass through the park. 97

Taman Seri Empangan

Taman Seri Empangan, accessible via Lebuh Gemilang and one of the most famous and beautiful parks in Putrajaya, is undeniably very lovely and captivating. Apart from the natural scenery and landscape, the main attraction here is a dam built on the southernmost part of the Putrajaya Lake system. The dam serves as a water level control for Putrajaya Lake and allows the lake water to flow out to Sungai Langat. Also remarkable and noteworthy here is Jambatan Seri Empangan that has its own charm to capture everyone’s attention. The bridge is specially designed for pedestrian and cyclist crossing Putrajaya Lake to admire the scenic beauty of the water overspill at the Labyrinth Spillway, the first of its kind in Malaysia, and also the view of the lake itself. Reflecting on the natural environment, this footbridge consists of a butterfly-like arch with a curved deck. It was from there that this bridge acquired its nickname, the Butterfly Bridge. It is normal to see a crowd of visitors in Taman Seri Empangan, from the spacious grassy grounds near the parking lot to the playground where there are many kids having fun.

Taman Cabaran Putrajaya

Taman Cabaran Putrajaya or Putrajaya Challenge Park is a 30-hectare park in Precinct 5 offering some of the best extreme park facilities in Asia. This well-designed park was opened to the public in 2009 and has three main attractions, namely an indoor rock wall climbing complex, a skate park and thrill park and mountain bike trails. Most of the facilities at the skate park are designed according to international standards, some of which have been adapted from the United States. The skating complex is the only one in Asia that has skateable architectural elements and contains its own skating rink as a football field. The indoor wall climbing complex is housed in a purpose-built 2,100 sq ft gym with a number of trapezoidal climbing walls reaching 20 metres in height or the equivalent of a five-storey building.

The Climbing Centre is developed as a feature “sculpture” or “work of art,” with light slots inserted into the skin or building fabric to enable slits of light to not only penetrate but also emit from the building interior. This will not only give the façade a jewel-like look, but it will also allow for framed but limited views out from the interior which is not available in climbing centres. The facility’s structural arrangement is based on a crumpled paper aesthetic, intruding several facets that capture light in the open landscape, giving the structure its sculptural qualities. This is directly related to the definition of Rock Mountains, or the structural characteristics of natural mineral rocks. 101

This area is also shared with roller bladers and BMX bikers, so, one can have a great time meeting other locals who share the same passion.

The smooth concrete surface specially built for skateboarding and numerous bowls, dips, rails and ramps available for use at the Skate Park in Taman Cabaran is admired by experienced skateboarders. 103

Taman Ekuestrian Putrajaya

Flanked by a beautiful man-made lake, the 70-acre Taman Ekuestrian Putrajaya at Precinct 5 provides top-notch equestrian facilities and services on a par with world-famous parks. Opened in 2006, the park offers an enticing facility and livery for riding lessons and escorted hacking for learners and riders, horse livery for horse owners, and joy rides and stable tours for visitors and patrons. The park has also hosted numerous national and international show jumping and dressage competitions such as the Premier Cup Series Horse Show, FEI Asian World Cup Qualifier and 2017 Southeast Asian Games.

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Taman Ekuestrian Putrajaya has a riding school open to the public at reasonable rates with packages for beginner, intermediate and advanced riders.

Here is also a place for horse riders to practice and improve performance either for recreation or to participate in competitions. 107

Taman Wetland

Taman Wetland, with a total area of 3.35 square kilometres, was developed to serve two main functions; as a buffer zone to protect the fragile wetlands ecosystem and to provide unique recreational and educational facilities to the city. Taman Wetland also serves as one of Putrajaya’s green gateways and a natural green lung for the entire city due to its location. Divided into two main zones, it consists of the Wetland Park and the Lake Recreational Centre, an area devoted to water sports and recreational activities. This public park, which was officially opened by former prime minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad on February 2, 2001, serves as a gateway to the wetlands as well as a wildlife sanctuary. The Lookout Tower, the Nature Interpretive Centre, and Flamingo Pond are the most popular attractions in this area. To ensure that the wetlands area continues to operate at its best, a nursery dedicated to preserving wild plants for the wetlands area was also created. The park’s other key attraction is eco-tourism and during weekends the camping ground and its facilities are occupied, mostly by students, exploring the area and its natural ecosystem. There is also a dedicated family day area here for family-oriented activities.

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The look-out tower, which is situated near the park’s main entrance, serves as a landmark and provides a great vantage point for viewing the wetlands and to see about 200 species of birds while also serving as a safety and maintenance feature. The tower is 15 metres tall and made of concrete, steel, and local hardwood, making it one of the tallest structures visible within the wetlands area.

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Putrajaya Wetland

The stunning attractions of the city are further enhanced by the presence of Putrajaya Wetland. The wetland’s creation demonstrates how extensive and detailed the studies were conducted when this city was planned. When the decision was made to develop Putrajaya around a man-made network of lakes, the designers realised that to prevent the lakes from being polluted, they would need an effective filtering system. Instead of choosing an artificial filter, they created a freshwater wetland in 1998 which serves as the kidneys of Putrajaya that play a key role in ensuring the ecosystems are balanced through natural water filtration of two major rivers flowing into Putrajaya, the Sungai Chuau and Sungai Bisa. Putrajaya Wetland is the first fresh water wetland constructed in Malaysia and the largest of its kind in the humid tropics, covering 197 hectares of what was once an oil palm plantation. Apart from its designated function and aesthetics, the wetlands have served as a holistic and interconnected ecosystem. The wetland’s function, however, is not limited to that since it is also a premier eco-tourism park and an oasis of tranquility filled with magnificent flora, fauna and natural wildlife. Visitors can engage in various types of activities when visiting here. Twenty species of aquatic plants are planted at the 24 wetland cells or pockets here which act as a natural filtration system for the habitat that is home to various aquatic animals, such as birds, fish, insects and mammals.

Nature Interpretative Centre is home to everything visitors need to know about wetlands. Visitors will learn about wetlands in the most interactive way, from viewing video clips on large screens to reading information boards located in the exhibition gallery.

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Pusat Rekreasi Air Putrajaya

Putrajaya is more than just beautiful buildings because as a city that has a soul and places high emphasis on basic human needs, it offers everything and this includes a leisure and recreation centre for water. This centre addresses this need and offers an experience that is different from the others found in the garden city. It is located at the Central Wetland which serves mainly as a secondary reservoir after Putrajaya Lake and part of the city’s flood mitigation system. This recreation centre is the only place in Putrajaya that permits fishing activities all year round and has been the place to be for an out-of-doors experience for the whole family.

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Pusat Rekreasi Air Putrajaya is rich in numerous recreational sports such as canoeing and boating on the water surface as well as a picnic spot. Interestingly, while there are several gazebos here, there are those who prefer to picnic in the green grass to really enjoy the nature.

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Kompleks Sukan Air

Putrajaya’s very own Kompleks Sukan Air has integrated water sports into the long list of attractions offered by the city and this was in the thoughts of the developers from the outset when planning was still on the drawing board. Today, local visitors and even internationals who come here either for recreation or to take part in competitions only have good things to say about the water sports complex. Designed by Senibahri Arkitek, the complex which is also the pride of the country, particularly among water sports enthusiasts, was completed in 2005. Complete equipment and facilities are available in the complex located in the southernmost part of Putrajaya Lake, thus water sports activities, from rowing and paddling activities to water skiing and wake boarding are all possible here. The water quality of Putrajaya Lake, which is classified as Class IIB by National Water Quality Standards, is suitable for body contact, allowing the lake to host all water sports activities, including open water swimming. A stadium-like grandstand has been comfortably and beautifully built overlooking the lake, and from there visitors will have the best view to catch up on events and actions taking place on the lake in a relaxing environment. The man-made beach is another weekend draw here, an ideal place for family outings, and with the structure of the Putrajaya buildings seen across the lake, it also provides a great backdrop. 119

This viewing tower, next to the grandstand at Putrajaya’s Kompleks Sukan Air, is a four-storey air-conditioned control tower complete with VIPs and media to support the best coverage of activities.

Many people would have heard about Putrajaya Lake as a host to domestic and international water sports which attracted many enthusiasts. This water sports complex has been lauded for its completeness, its modernity and its ease of accessibility. Anyone here will immediately realise how exciting it is either as a participant or just sitting in the stand as a spectator to enjoy water sports. 121

Marina Putrajaya

Putrajaya planners have given a great deal of thought to how the residents of the city can establish a stronger connection with the mesmerising lake and conduct recreational and leisure activities on its side in style. The idea of establishing Marina Putrajaya, the only facility in the city that serves as a one-stop leisure centre accessible to the public, comes from this thought. Set on the lakeside of Precinct 5, this leisure complex is built with an emphasis on uniqueness and beauty, much like what was done in Putrajaya for other building structures. Marina Putrajaya, which was designed by Zaini Dubus Richez Sdn Bhd in association with Senibahri Arkitek and completed in 2008, offers a variety of services to the public, especially Putrajaya communities and its nearby neighbourhoods. Visitors may also indulge in a wonderful gastronomic experience and get involved in various indoor games while enjoying stunning scenery from its café. 123

From the angle of bird’s eye view, this complex uniquely forms the shape of a horseshoe crab, a design and architecture style that was chosen to ensure that every part of the structure and from all angles has a great overview of the spectacular Putrajaya Lake. Thus, guests may observe whatever activities are held at the lake from the position where they could be.

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Kelab Tasik Putrajaya

Kelab Tasik Putrajaya is cleverly situated in Precinct 8 at the edge of the charming Putrajaya Lake in a sliding valley. It was officially opened in 2001 and was designed for international level regattas as it meets the specifications set by the International Canoe Federation. Thanks to the designer’s imagination, Hijjas Kasturi Associates, the building’s shape brilliantly takes the elliptical form of a boat’s inverted hull, moulded from the perimeter and forming a dome anchored by the surrounding pillars. The canopy above the viewing deck, constructed of a tensile sail-like material, punctuates the regularity of the main roof’s curvilinear wave. The tower of the club overlooks the roof to create a series of successively higher decks that provide direct visibility of the entire lake, mimicking a ship’s officer’s viewing deck and allowing for simple race tracking, event filming and flag flying. The club is also a meeting place for a simple meeting at a cafe overlooking the lake with a view of Perdana Putra on the other side while enjoying a fantastic meal. 127

There is a sloping terrain just outside the lake club. Here you can try the kayaking experience and enjoy the weekend.

A mesmerising view from the Kelab Tasik Putrajaya is what’s right across the lake where Perdana Putra, the pride of the city, sits proudly. 129

Dataran Putra

Dataran Putra, Putrajaya’s ceremonial centrepiece, is another much-photographed landmark for tourists and anyone who visits this city. This site is described by visitors as a beautiful open space which is surrounded by really impressive sights. Designed by Kumpulan Seni Reka Sdn Bhd and completed in 2000, it is ideally and conveniently located in Precinct 1, which comprises some of the city’s most prominent buildings. The 300-metre circular Dataran Putra which is bounded by Perdana Putra, Masjid Putra and Jambatan Putra is the venue of national-level celebrations and festivals including the Malaysian Independence Day parade. Its design incorporates an outer 11-pointed star representing the original eleven states that formed the Federation of Malaya when the nation first gained independence in 1967, an inner 13-pointed star symbolising the thirteen states that made up an enlarged Malaysia in 1965 while the inner-most 14-pointed star shows the inclusion of the unified Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya as part of Malaysia today. Smaller roads radiate from the square, leading to the offices of the Malaysian Prime Minister, Masjid Putra and Jambatan Seri Wawasan. When the sun sets, the otherwise formal square turns into a recreational area ideal for skating, cycling or simply enjoying the views. 131

Arca Putrajaya

Arca Putrajaya, which stands beautifully in the middle of Dataran Putra in Precinct 1, is the newest landmark of Putrajaya, adding to the elegance of this already supreme area. The sculpture is an arrangement of nine letters that form the word “Putrajaya” and what is intriguing is that each letter is a graphic image consisting of patterned paintings created by selected artists. Arca Putrajaya is designed with colourful abstract images to portray this country’s joy, peace and prosperity from then until now. The design of this sculpture, which has a width of 1.5 metres and a height of 2.4 metres and a total length of 22 metres, is constructed using stainless steel to ensure its toughness and durability. The artwork on the sculpture is changed every six months based on the significant events that occurred during the period and it is expected that it will be seen by as many as six to seven million tourists visiting Putrajaya every year. 133

Persiaran Perdana

Persiaran Perdana or Putrajaya Boulevard is probably the country’s most admired avenue due to its location and importance in Putrajaya, the country’s administrative capital and power corridors. The distinguish and famous thoroughfare forms the central spine linking the five core precincts of Putrajaya, cutting through the administrative buildings of precincts 2 to 4, with Dataran Putra at one end and the Putrajaya International Convention Centre at the other. Designed for ceremonial parades such as the Merdeka Day celebration, the 4.2-kilometre by 100-metre Persiaran Perdana is punctuated by four major datarans or plazas, distinctive nodes and gathering points when there are any celebrations or big events. Each of the dataran, namely Wawasan, Putrajaya, Rakyat and Gemilang was designed to have different identities, complimented by the varying character of the landscaping around the water-front. While generally formal for its entire length, the spirit and character of Persiaran Perdana undergoes a perceptible change from formal in the north, with emphasis on hardscaping, to less formal in the south, where softscapes predominate. While the northern portion is hard paved for parades and march-past, the southern stretch has a linear park with both passive and active recreation facilities. Persiaran Perdana’s architecture and landscaping celebrate the diverse cultures and rich Malaysian heritage of the country. The pavement patterns along Persiaran Perdana are the product of Hijjas Kasturi Associates’ creative touch, and they are influenced by traditional fabrics, symbolising the fine weave of Malaysia’s multicultural heritage. A pavement pattern based on the Bunga Mahkota raja motif, found on songket, a typical Malay ceremonial textile, distinguishes the central parade zone. 135

Persiaran Perdana is never a quiet street because there are always a variety of events held here during the year, all of which are well received and draw tourists from far and wide.

The dynamism of Putrajaya as an administrative capital could be felt when one closely examines Persiaran Perdana's harmony with its setting and atmosphere in which government buildings seem to stand firm as fortresses and many civil servants move around the area to serve their motherland affectionately. 137

Taman Wawasan

The attractions at Taman Wawasan, a nature sanctuary, can surprise visitors because they are not only diverse but also extremely refreshing. For example, here is a place where one can discover a tranquil pond brimming with blooming lotuses, a rarity anywhere, let alone in an urban development like Putrajaya where magnificent structures and landmarks are more commonly discussed and leave an impression on visitors. A place to relax, refresh and relieve fatigue, the 55.4-hectare park is situated in Precinct 2 on the Core Island, bordered on one side by Putrajaya Lake and on the other, along the Western side, by the hard-edged city fabric of Persiaran Perdana. Taman Wawasan surrounds the Wisma Putra building and is one of the closest parks to get to within the city at the northern portion of the Core Island. Conceptualised as Putrajaya’s main park due to its location, this is an excellent place to get away from it all and appreciate the natural beauty. Using the natural topography to its advantage, and combining it with landscape elements such as walls, pathways, street furniture, drainage, and water features, Taman Wawasan has become a gem to be cherished. Visitors can unwind in gazebos and rest areas dotting pedestrian walkways, jogging and bicycle tracks across the park. The national flower, the hibiscus, or “bunga raya,” takes centre stage here in a valley devoted to exhibiting these blooms in a riot of colours for tourists to enjoy. Adding to the park’s uniqueness, there’s also Pebble Beach on the Putrajaya lakefront which has a beach-like feel and is perfect for picnicking and frolicking in shallow waters. An amphitheatre tucked away on the slope of a hill overlooking Persiaran Perdana provides a unique setting for those looking to document their trip or host a variety of activities, such as mini-concerts, cocktails, dinners, or even wedding packages. Since Taman Wawasan is so quiet and peaceful, the sound of chirping birds, buzzing bees, whirling lepidoptera, and darting odonata will easily enchant everyone.

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Putrajaya is lined with pristine government buildings, vast stretch of thoroughfares such as Persiaran Perdana, picturesque bridges and green pockets. In Dataran Wawasan you can witness many other activities, especially when national events take place here.

Dataran Wawasan

Dataran Wawasan is the first plaza or square marking the northern end of Persiaran Perdana. It is an ovalshaped open space, oriented to the waterfront and framed by the Kompleks Kementerian Kewangan and a garden which cascades down to the lakeshore. Its central area is surrounded by trees and features strong pavement patterns along the central parade path. Dataran Wawasan, one of the four squares located on Core Island, is famous as a gathering place when there are big events held along Persiaran Perdana. 141

Promenade

Putrajaya can also be categorised as a waterfront city because it possesses the necessary characteristics, especially in terms of its ability to provide a variety of economic and recreational activities along the Putrajaya Lake’s embankment and shores. One can clearly see the carefully planned water edge development such as commercial areas, cafes, and restaurants as well as many activities on the embankment and the shores which have been converted into a 38-kilometre long and 20-metre wide promenade. In most part of the promenade, it is common to see people participating in all kinds of recreational activities, such as jogging, cycling, taking wedding pictures or simply strolling along the walkway to enjoy the view of the lake. At certain times when fishing competitions are held, anglers hoping to catch fish from the lake will flock to the promenade, especially in Precinct 1 and Precinct 2. The promenade also acts as a buffer along the lake’s shorelines and a connection to other nearby parks and landmarks. Due to its importance in terms of tourist use and the need to maintain the lakeside environment, the promenade was designed with great care and good planning. There are three types of promenades: hard edge, semi hard edge, and soft edge, which are used and adapted to the area and type of environment there, particularly to be compatible with Putrajaya’s current waterfront development. The promenade encompasses 79.48 hectares, accounting for 10.73 percent of the total area of Putrajaya Lake. Hard edge and soft edge types make up the bulk of promenades, accounting for 46.6 percent and 49.4 percent of total promenades, respectively, while semi hard edge makes up just four percent. In general, hard edge is a concrete-structured promenade with hard landscape pavement on the surface. The design of these concrete walls is based on current topographic conditions and nearby development. Some areas, such as Precinct 3 and 5, have promenade walls that are built in tiers or terraces, allowing the public to walk right up to the water. The majority of promenades, particularly those along Putrajaya Lake’s perimeter, use this design. The semi hard edge type, on the other hand, consists of cliff areas that require minimal slope care and control. Such cliffs usually are adorned with hard landscaping elements such as boulders, quarry stones, gabions, mangroves and so on along the lake banks. Precinct 8 is the only place where you can enjoy this type of promenade. The soft edge promenade is the only one with a natural cliff that has been landscaped with the appropriate grass. Precincts 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 16, 17, 18, and 19 are examples of areas where this type of promenade can be found. Certain stretches of the promenade and walkways, such as those within the Taman Wetland, have been designed as nature trails providing people to reconnect with nature. 143

The promenade adds a dimension to Putrajaya where it provides recreational areas and footpaths by the lake and confirms that the city is alive from all aspects and perspectives as it encourages the best use of the spectacular waterfront.

The promenade, with its long stretch, not only acts as a buffer along the lake’s shorelines, but also as a hub for a variety of events that take place on its landscaped passageways. 145

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