BELARUS #10/2010 by BELARUS Magazine

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Belarus — Russia

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No.10 (925), 2010

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Беларусь. Belarus

Politics, Economy, Culture

Business climate becomes warmer According to the World Bank, Belarus is among the leading pp.12—13 states reforming their business conditions

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Contents

Беларусь.Belarus Monthly magazine

No. 10 (925), 2010 Published since 1930 State Registration Certificate of mass medium No.8 dated March 2nd, 2009, issued by the Ministry of Information of the Republic of Belarus

Founders: The Information Ministry of the Republic of Belarus “SB” newspaper editorial office Belvnesheconombank Editor: Viktor Kharkov

Campaigning to begin 4 6

Common interests President of Belarus

Alexander Lukashenko takes part in 6th Congress of Federation of Trade Unions of Belarus

Goodwill games Belarus is known to be one

36 40

of the UN’s founder-members. Today, Minsk is trying to play an active role in the organisation, which, of course, enhances our authority within the international arena

Image is all! How does Belarus position itself in the world and how do Belarusians perceive foreigners

42 House overlooking pearls Former manors 46

Safe injections

Business climate becomes warmer Ac-

Attractive region Brest was the ‘gate to Eu-

cording to the World Bank, Belarus is among the leading states reforming their business conditions

rope’ during Soviet times and remains so for modern Belarus — both in the direct and figurative sense. Here, the first free economic zone in the country was established, playing a huge role in the economy

33 Baltic circle ever expanding Extraordi-

nary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador to Latvia Alexander Gerasimenko tells us about the intensification of Belarus’ co-operation with the Baltic States in every direction

Executive Secretary: Valentina Zhdanovich

Design and Layout by Vadim Kondrashov, Georgiy Shablyuk, Aloizas Yunevich Беларусь.Belarus is published in Belarusian, English, Spanish and Polish. Distributed in 50 countries of the world. Final responsibility for factual accuracy or interpretation rests with the authors of the publications. Should any article of Беларусь.Belarus be used, the reference to the magazine is obligatory.

of aristocracy around Lake Naroch await investors

The magazine does not bear responsibility for the contents of advertisements.

MAZ to join major arenas Minsk Automo-

Publisher: “SB” editorial office

bile Works has a lot to offer to amateurs in the field of engines and high speed

50 Splendour of palaces Golshany Castle festi-

val has been organised for the second year near Oshmyany, 20km from the Minsk-Vilnius motorway, attended by representatives of knights’ clubs from Belarus and abroad

‘Good music is the key’

This magazine has been printed at “Belarusian House of Press” Publishing Office” UE. 79 Nezavisimosti Ave., Minsk, Belarus, 220013 Order No.2685 Total circulation — 2023 copies (including 725 in English).

Write us to the address: 11 Kiselyov Str., Minsk, Belarus, 220029. Tel.: +375 (17) 290-62-24, 290-66-45. Tel./Fax: +375 (17) 290-68-31. www.belarus-magazine.by E-mail: mail@belarus-magazine.by Subscription index in Belpochta catalogue — 74977 For future foreign subscribers for ‘Belarus’ magazine, apply to ‘MK-Periodica’ agency. E-mail: info@periodicals.ru Telephone in Minsk: +375 (17) 227-09-10.

2010 беларусь.belarus

Topical

Promising partner on Bosporus President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko and president of Turkey Abdullah Gül

on a visit to Istanbul, Alexander Lukashenko meets Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and President Abdullah Gül, with most attention paid to trade-economic co-operation

stanbul is the gateway to Asia, or to Europe — depending on which direction you travel from. Turkey is using its geographical position to great advantage, rather as Belarus does, promoting itself as a transit state. The most important trading paths and oil pipelines pass via its territory. Of course, the Bosporus

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and Dardanelles have seen much bloodshed in the past but Turkey is now confident in its military ability and is a very promising partner for Belarus. Our relationship is hardly new, since Mr. Lukashenko made his first official visit to Turkey in the early years of his presidency. In 1996, he signed an agreement on friendship and co-operation and,

since then, relations between Minsk and Ankara have developed steadily. The economy has been the major focus. During the last crisis year, Belarus and Turkey traded $270m of goods; this year, economic figures show that our ties are growing, with bilateral turnover approaching $200m in the first half of 2010. Mr. Lukashenko’s recent visit envisaged his meeting with Turkish businessmen. Our trade began with ‘shuttle’ trips by Belarusian traders to Istanbul’s market but, now, large Turkish firms are operational in Belarus, such as a company dealing on our mobile communication market. Last year, $9m of direct Turkish investments came into the country, with about the same volume registered so far this year. A range of promising projects have been outlined for further negotiations with Turkey, involving the energy ministries and Belneftekhim Concern. The President’s one-on-one talks with Recep Tayyip Erdoğan took place at Dolmabahce Palace and Mr. Lukashenko then met President Gül during a working dinner. Their talks lasted about two hours, with Mr. Lukashenko stressing the high level, and efficiency, of BelarusianTurkish political contacts. “We know a great deal about each other, and our potential is huge but, as yet, untapped. If we implement all the agreements we’ve discussed, we’ll achieve a very high level of co-operation,” the President of Belarus told his Turkish counterpart. In turn, Mr. Gül expressed assurance that the outlined plans will reach successful realisation. “We’re satisfied that Turkish companies can work in Belarus,” he noted. The Turkish President also thanked our country for creating favourable conditions for investment. Istanbul is more than a Turkish trading centre. Ancient Constantinople is a special city for all Christians. Mr. Lukashenko also met Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople. The Presidential Press Service noted in its announcement that their meeting was blessed by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, Kirill. By Igor Slavinsky

Topical

Open and sincere talk President of Belarus, Alexander Lukashenko, holds press conference for Russian journalists

ress tours of Belarus for Russian journalists are already a tradition, including meeting the President. They began back in 2003, aiming to show the country as it is. This time, the guests visited the command point of the North-Western Operational-Tactical Command of Belarus’ Air Force and Air Defence, toured Dzerzhinsky agro-factory and Kommunarka Confectionery, explored Nesvizh Castle, visited Minsk-Arena and watched the film Brest Fortress. Sadly, the recent tour had a certain undertone. Much has been written on the Internet of the Kremlin prohibiting the federal media ‘from participating in tours of Belarus’. However, this is unlikely to be the truth, as over a hundred journalists gathered at the National Library; they came from the Russian regions, as well as from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg and many other cities. It’s evident that, in recent months, Russian federal TV channels and central newspapers have been conducting an aggressive and, even, offensive information campaign against the Belarusian leadership. Previously, Moscow’s media spoke little of Belarus. Now, their information abounds — all of a negative character. Insinuations are made alongside the spread of open slander, creating a poor background for our bilateral relations. On watching the Russian news, it would be easy to assume that Belarus has become an enemy of Russia. Mr. Lukashenko asserted, “It’s the idea of a group of top ranking politicians but I’m convinced there are many people in Russia who understand us.” The Head of State believes these tactics by the Russian leadership will

eventually subside, since it would be a catastrophe for Russia to lose ties with Belarus: geopolitically and, primarily, morally. “You know how Russian society will react to this. This is why our relationship prospects are fine. As regards Belarus, if the Russian leadership shows willing, we’ll not only build good relations and return to our previous level of kind relations within

Press conference for Russian journalists

three to six months at the utmost, but shall even surpass this level!” Mr. Lukashenko stressed. Sp e a king of integrat ion, t he President told journalists that ‘if the Customs Union functions on classic principles — as are seen worldwide — then, I think, this won’t be bad for Belarus’. However, according to Mr. Lukashenko, this isn’t yet happening, as Russia has implemented restrictions against Belarus. “I don’t know what this Customs Union shall become. There is no applause from our side so far. However, we won’t hinder any aspect of integration,” he added. Speaking of relations with China, Mr. Lukashenko stressed that ‘Belarus’ relations with this country are of strategic character’. “We won’t refuse them and will do all we can to further extend this resource,” he stated. The

President noted that he plans to visit China in the near future, meeting the President of the People’s Republic of China, Hu Jintao, in addition to other top level officials. During the four and a half hour press conference, the President told Russian media representatives of the real situation. The questions, friendly remarks and interest shown by the guests confirmed that the propaganda being spread by some in Russia has failed to achieve results. Its initiators have failed to make enemies of our nations. One of the major impressions received during the event was of warm and, even, passionate feelings from the visiting journalists towards Belarus and its course. “This is my sixth trip to Belarus,” smiles Natalia Semenova, from Perm’s Zvezda newspaper. “I’m always pleased to be here and am delighted to see a well-governed, socially-oriented state.” She emphasises that everything she hears at these press conferences does come to pass in Belarus. “ This is not my first visit to Belarus as part of the press tour for Russian regional media representatives,” notes Andrey Antonov, from Novy Peterburgh edition. “I can see clearly the changes taking place in the country: the economy is developing, new sporting sites are appearing and buildings are being revamped. These positive changes are reflected in the mood of local people, who look into the future with optimism.” “Not only am I far from disappointed with Belarus, I’m actually charmed. I’m seriously thinking of moving here to live!” noted a reporter from Krasnoyarsky Rabochy. It’s no wonder. As usual, Alexander Lukashenko openly, without neglecting the most difficult angles, answered every question put by the journalists, including those relating to his private life. No doubt, these few days in Belarus have left an impression on the journalists, giving them food for thought as to how they’ll write about Belarus for their Russian audience.

2010 беларусь.belarus

Event

Common interests

Important announcements by Alexander Lukashenko aroused much interest

President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko takes part in 6th Congress of Federation of Trade Unions of Belarus

n his speech, the Head of State made several vital announcements. He believes that labour legislation should be fully and unconditionally observed, regardless of the form of ownership. “It’s not enough to simply provide people with jobs; we must safeguard their labour interests. Unconditional observation of labour legislation should become the norm,” the President stressed. He also underlined that only trade unions have the right to control every organisation, regardless of whether its

беларусь.belarus 2010

members are part of their association. “This is especially important under current conditions, as we’re aiming to liberalise the economy while simplifying business conditions,” he said. The Belarusian President noted that councils, trade unions, youth, veteran and women’s organisations were once viewed as the core of civil society. “We don’t need to be told how civil society should look by anyone from abroad; we have our own understanding, which complies with the situation in our country. We’ll endeavour to maintain peace and

stability in our state,” underlined Mr. Lukashenko. Speaking about the economy, Mr. Lukashenko said that it’s necessary to search more energetically for alternative energy supply routes to Belarus. The President stressed that the need for rational, thrifty use of energy and other material resources is becoming more acute. The contemporary trend for prices growing is making us search out alternative sources and new markets. Me a nw h i l e , B e l a r u s h a s n o immediate plans to raise the pension age. Within the next five years, the country aims to raise employment by more than one third while ensuring c ard i n a l g row t h of labour efficiency. The 2011-2015 Programme of Socio-Economic Development is to be approved at the 4th All-Belarusian People’s Assembly. The President

Context asserted, “It has become a political tradition that this fundamental document, outlining further prospects for our state, is adopted by those who are granted power by the people, rather than by lofty bureaucrats.” The draft programme is soon to be submitted for discussion, with each resident able to take part in determining the strategy of Belarus’ development for the next five years. The President is convinced that, however lengthy the document, it must reflect real life. “I believe that this vividly confirms the nation’s manifestation of power. We don’t have a demagogy; we can give particular examples of citizens taking part in state management,” asserted Mr. Lukashenko. The President of Belarus believes that the Congress of Trade Unions is an important element in public life, since trade unions represent the interests of the absolute majority of the country’s workforce. He finds it symbolic that trade union sessions have recently taken place on the eve of the new five year plans, which outline the major areas of socio-economic development for the state. “This attaches great importance to our forums while giving the opportunity to make a contribution to determining how our state develops, enhancing public welfare,” noted Mr. Lukashenko.

Proposal for Africa Belarus’ High-Tech Park to develop IT educational co-operation with Gambia

he terms of collaboration have been outlined during a recent visit by a Gambian delegation to Minsk. The guests visited the High-Tech Park, seeing possibilities in the field of software development, and were especially interested in the Belarusian-Indian training centre, which could offer training to Gambians. They were keen to learn about Belarusian experience, since Gambia lacks trained IT lecturers and specialists in the theory and practical application of modern information technology.

Roentgen sees everything Minsk’s Adani starts serial manufacture of unique units for customs clearance

he appl i c at i on of ne w x - r ay techniques will enable customs clearance to be significantly simplified while ensuring a high level of control over transport flow. “Drivers don’t need to leave their vehicles, enabling customs inspectors to see up to 150 heavy haulers per hour,” notes the enterprise. The new equipment can also be used to inspect passenger cars, luggage, and haulage containers. The innovation is unique in having a minimum radiation dose, ‘which is absolutely harmless and fully meets international norms’, according to specialists. The company has already begun supplying the new Belarusian complexes abroad, with demand ever rising. X-ray screening systems have become one of the most efficient ways of revealing drugs, dangerous items and weaponry, illegally transported across the border.

National potential gaining support UNICEF’s aid to Belarus rising

rom 2011-2015, aid provided by the United Nations Children’s Fund to Belarus is to rise by over 30 percent. Andrei Savinykh, the Belarusian Foreign Ministry’s Press Secretary, tells us that UNICEF’s Executive Board has unanimously authorised a 20112015 UNICEF country programme for Belarus at a New York headquarters session. “The programme aims to strengthen national support for children and their mothers, in line with Belarus’ priorities and UNICEF’s major avenues of activity,” he explains.

2010 беларусь.belarus

Global policy

Goodwill games

Belarus is known to be one of the UN’s foundermembers. Today, Minsk is trying to play an active role in the organisation, which, of course, enhances our authority within the international arena

ome joke that the UN i s a g r a n d m o t h e r, respected by ever yone but unheeded. 65 is truly an age which commands respect, although this organisation is often criticised for having become stuck in the old, post-war world order. Many stress that it needs to respond to contemporary conditions. The UN is constantly pushed to the background of world politics. George Bush openly ignored its advice when he declared war in Iraq and Barack Obama has done almost the same thing, albeit in a veiled way. Meanwhile, it was the G20 which tackled the global economic crisis rather than the global United Nations Organisation. However, the role of the UN is more important than ever in our rapidly changing world. It strengthens international relations, preventing them from sinking into chaos. It may be the only place where all states are truly equal, as was well understood by over 100 heads of state, prime ministers and foreign ministers who took part in common political discussion at the 65th GA session at the UN Headquarters. Belarus’ Foreign Minister, Sergei Martynov, presented his views on major world problems, offering various solutions.

беларусь.belarus 2010

New millennium — old problems

In 2000, the Millennium Development Goals were adopted, which aim to be fulfilled by 2015. We can now discuss how far we’ve advanced in achieving these. Unfortunately, most of the assessments announced in New York were unsatisfactory. “Globally, the most problematic targets, most lagging behind fulfilment, are the need for reduced unemployment and maternity and infant death rates and ensuring gender equality,” noted Mr. Martynov. Most states paid special attention to the way these goals were implemented in their own countries but only a relatively small group of delegations (from the EU, China, Russia and Belarus) have emphasised definite plans to ensure success, rather than failure, within five years. They have accentuated the need for changing relations between states, noting that we should view each other as partners, rather than rivals or enemies. “The most convincing and fresh example is the Global Partnership against Slavery and Trafficking in Human Beings, initiated by Belarus five years ago, which is being successfully implemented at the UN. It recently found its reflection in the UN GA resolution on the adoption of a Global Plan of Action to Combat Human Trafficking,” asserts Belarus’ Foreign Minister. Belarus believes the creation of conditions for favourable economic

Sergey Martynov reporting to the UNO

development, aided by the World Trade Organisation, is another vital issue, without which the fulfilment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is impossible. Unfortunately, the WTO can appear as a closed club, discriminating against certain states, so Minsk believes that the rules for joining the WTO should be simplified. Minsk supports the G20’s strategy for overcoming the crisis in the world economy. “However, we can assume that large countries will primarily defend and promote their own interests. We need to take measures at the GA to improve the economic instruments of the whole UN system. Otherwise, our organisation won’t be able to play a key role in the global management of economic processes. Small and medium-sized countries won’t have the tools to influence these processes,” believes Belarus’ Deputy Foreign Minister, Sergei Aleinik.

Belarusian accent

When Belarus’ Foreign Minister speaks of the need for disarmament, his words should be trusted; Belarus was the first country to voluntarily dismantle nuclear weapons left after the USSR’s collapse. Russia, the USA and the UK have granted security guarantees to Belarus for its action. Unfortunately, official Minsk believes that the introduction of American economic sanctions against

Global policy Belarusian enterprises raises questions regarding the efficiency of guarantees… Meanwhile, Belarus plans to make an even greater contribution to international security. Mr. Martynov met the UnderSecretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations, which he notes, ‘was a great novelty’. “Last year, President Alexander Lukashenko adopted a corresponding decision, responding to a direct call from the UN General Secretary to Belarus, requesting that we take part in UN peacekeeping activities,” he stressed. “We’re now beginning work to ensure such participation for the first time in the history of Belarus. We’ll begin by sending several of our specialists to join UN forces maintaining peace in Lebanon. One Belarusian military surgeon has already arrived there and we’ll be working to ensure our other specialists can participate in UN peacekeeping operations as medical personnel, civilian police and, even, military staff. It’s a huge, complex job, involving practical help and training, but our state won’t cease from tackling such issues.” Belarusians may also travel to Cyprus.

Rights under scrutiny

This autumn, the UN Headquarters i n G e ne v a a ls o ho ste d anot he r important event for Belarus, with the UN Human Rights Council approving a Universal Periodic Review on Belarus. This document offers a unique possibility to conduct comprehensive analysis of the human rights situation around the world. Our country supported the idea of preparing a report on Belarus, with the hope that the document would become a trustworthy ‘database’ for the world community. The UN is probably the major body responsible for observation of human rights worldwide, with its assessment based upon the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other such documents. Belarus’ Permanent Representative to the UN and other International Organisations in Geneva, Mikhail Khvostov, sees the review as positive. Other countries have praised Belarus’

success in ensuring social and economic rights. Belarus’ high human development index has been noted, alongside its political, socio-economic and ethnic stability. Our country has played a leading role in counteracting human trafficking, as noted in many speeches. In total, Minsk has adopted 75 out of 93 UN-proposed recommendations. Mr. Khvostov stresses that our country’s refusal to adopt some recommendations is its sovereign right and corresponds to international practice. “Canada has refused 14 recommendations, Egypt — 25, Italy — 12 and Norway — 18,” he said. In particular, the Government is yet to agree to recommendations to abolish the death penalty, since a national referendum voted to keep the punishment. However, the country is moving towards abolition, with the state gradually trying to change public opinion. A range of recommendations relate to legislation in the sphere of media and elections. Last year, a new law on media, developed with the OSCE, came into force. In early 2010, amendments and additions were introduced into Belarus’ Electoral Code, taking into account OSCE recommendations. “These documents aim to enhance transparency and democracy in these areas. They only recently entered into force, so it’s too early to draw conclusions on their effectiveness. At present, we simply need to

concentrate on fulfilling these laws,” emphasised Mr. Khvostov. Belarus notes that its Government will continue to keep all proposals in mind (without exception). “Just because we’re yet to implement some recommendations doesn’t mean we never will,” underlines the Belarusian Foreign Ministry. Within four years, Belarus, like other countries, will report to the UN Human Rights Council on the fulfilment of its obligations. Returning to the UN document, our country’s representative in Geneva noted, “Belarus appears to be doing well in observing human rights. We have something to be proud of.” It’s an opinion shared by the UN review, compiled by its experts. By Igor Slavinsky

2010 беларусь.belarus

Elections

Chair of the central commission for elections Lidia Yermoshina answering to the questions of journalists

Campaigning to begin

With presidential elections taking place on December 19th, we talk to Lidia Yermoshina, the Chair of the Central Commission for Elections and National Referenda

re any innovation s being introduced this year, taking into account l eg i sl ativ e changes? Firstly, a more open procedure of forming election commissions is being applied, ensuring the presence

беларусь.belarus 2010

of all political powers at sessions of executive committees and local councils, where election commissions will be established. Secondly, wider observation is planned, with members of political parties and public associations, as well as their representatives, able to observe the

elections. We’re also introducing two vital innovations: candidates will be able to gather personal financial funds from the moment of registration; and each candidate will have the right to appoint members with a consultative voice to the Central Election Commission. How will candidates be able to use their personal funds? These can be spent on printed leaflets, posters and brochures — but must be manufactured solely in Belarus. They can also buy additional broadcasting time or place adverts in newspapers. Tele-debates may be first conducted but I repeat that this is additional time on top of that mandatorily allocated to each candidate. Importantly, everyone should pay the same price. The organisation of street events has also been significantly simplified; these can take place in line with the declarative principle, but only in allocated places.

Elections

By Irina Yuzvak

Truth born via dialogue Danish parliamentarians invited to observe coming presidential elections in Belarus

anish parliamentarians have visited Minsk, resulting in an invitation to observe the forthcoming presidential elections in Belarus, explains Sergei Maskevich, the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the House of Representatives for International Affairs and Links with the CIS. Vice-Speaker Viktor Guminsky presented the formal invitation to the Danish MPs, who are keen to discover how elections are conducted in Belarus. “They lack adequate information on how elections are conducted in Belarus, so it’s important to give them the opportunity to see the process with their own eyes,” Mr. Maskevich explains. He believes that the Danes know little about Belarus in general, relying on stereotypes and believing that ‘there is something very, very wrong in Belarus’. The official hopes that this visit may dispel some myths. For example, the Belarusian deputies have tried to convince their Danish colleagues that the electoral system in Belarus is a contemporary, living thing, not blind, entrenched dogma. “It is developing. We want to make full use of the experience of European countries. Our electoral law is improving, with our MPs discussing ways to further improve it,” he stresses. Both sides have expressed interest in further developing co-operation. Belarus expects to intensify its contacts within the Northern Dimension, the Council of the Baltic Sea States and the Nordic Belta

Of course, local authorities should offer more such sites. International organisations, such as the OSCE and PACE, are greatly interested in the changes. Do you receive feedback and assessments? Yes. The Venetian Commission and OSCE have drawn joint conclusions, positively assessing the changes. They believe that our country should move further in reforming its electoral legislation, but point out that these processes should begin only after the current presidential elections have finished. We’ve fulfilled most of their recommendations, but there’s no limit to perfection. Some believe that transparent ballot boxes could add more openness. Do you agree? In compliance with our legislation, ballot boxes can be made from any material, including that which is transparent. Where local authorities work well, funds for plastic ballot boxes have been found. Most of those in Stolin district of Brest region are transparent. It’s important that these correspond to set standards and are sealed. However, we can’t oblige everyone, as there is a cost involved. At present, the budget for elections in Belarus meets international standards. This presidential campaign will cost us 1.25 euros per voter. Poland spent just 1 euro per voter during its preterm presidential elections while Slovenia spent over 1.5 euros for the same campaign. As soon as the elec tion date was announced, almost two dozen people declared their presidential ambitions. How many of them will receive candidacy, in your opinion? Since 2001, no more than four people have collected the requisite 100,000 signatures, yet all were leaders of political parties, being more or less famous. We’ll see how it goes this time. Of course, the more candidates there are, the more interesting the campaign is. I sincerely wish all of them luck.

Eva Kjer Hansen

Council. “We hope that the Parliament of Denmark will support Belarus’ initiatives to develop contacts with the parliaments of Baltic Sea countries,” Mr. Maskevich stresses. Eva Kjer Hansen, the Chairperson of the Foreign Policy Committee of the Parliament of Denmark, headed the delegation. She notes that the main purpose of their visit to Belarus was ‘to continue dialogue regarding politics, business and economics’. The Danes are interested in co-operation in agriculture in general and in certain branches in particular. In turn, they are willing to share their experience regarding the development of energy, especially renewable and alternative sources such as wind energy. By Yekaterina Nechaeva

2010 беларусь.belarus

Committed dialogue

Alexander Ruzhechka

Forum

Frankfurt-am-Main to host Belarus Investment Forum in November, as part of Euro Finance Week

“I

t ’s v e r y important for us to enhance interest in the country’s investment climate and, where ever possible, attract partners to help modernise the economy. We need to pursue technical reequipment and energy saving and innovative technologies,” stresses Deputy Economy Minister Andrei Tur. The Forum is to encompass two plenar y sittings, focusing on why it is profitable to invest in the Belarusian economy and how this should be done. Additionally, businessmen are to study the Belarusian banking sphere’s invest-

беларусь.belarus 2010

ment attractiveness and other promising areas of capital investment, during four thematic sections. New possibilities opened up by the Customs Union of B elar us, Russia and Kazakhstan are also to come under discussion. According to Mr. Tur, foreign partners have recently shifted from worrying about the Customs Union to discussing concrete problems, focusing on how their investment policy can be carried out. According to the Economy Ministry, the most promising projects relate to energy. “This is vital to Belarus from the point of view of its industrial development and economic security,” notes

Mr. Tur, adding, “First of all, problems relating to the foreign trade balance and the currency market are being settled.” The development of transport logistics is another important feature, since the border between Belarus and the EU is the only one dividing London and Lisbon from Vladivostok. Energy proj e c t s a re pr i m a r i l y connected with the efficient processing of raw hydrocarbons and their transit. No doubt, the climatic situation this year has pushed many investors to look at the agricultural sphere and food processing. “We can supply food products to Europe and the world market but modern technologies are

needed,” Mr. Tur asserts. “This sphere also relies on energy — in particular, the use of bio-fuels and the development of other directions.” Speaking of energy efficiency, ecology and alternative energy sources, he stresses the need to form a ‘green’ economy. Experience gained during the Belarus Investment For um in London has shown that it’s vital to attract a large number of participants. It is expected that Frankfurt-am-Main will gather not only German and EU business circles but also guests from elsewhere, in addition to experts from the world’s leading financial institutions.

Calling card

Construction of first ‘A’ class Belarusian business centre in Minsk is among most ambitious international investment projects of recent years

he building itself will be a mix of fashionable hi-tech and cosiness. A business mood will reign while fitness clubs, boutiques, family restaurants and children’s playgrounds will be situated nearby, offering relaxation and comfort. The project’s designers aim to create an ideal place for work and rest, encouraging a feeling of contentment. Importantly, the centre will be surrounded by a green zone. Preserving the balance between u r b a n l a n d -

scapes and ecological purity is no easy task but a plan has already been elaborated. According to an investment agreement signed with the Minsk City Executive Committee, Futur is w i l l cost $70m and is to become the first European ‘A’ class business c e nt re i n B e l ar u s ( t h e highest category): a calling card for business. As a rule, such centres boast modern equipment, while their offices are extremely convenient and practical. ‘A’ c l a s s i -

fication presupposes an a d v a nt a g e o u s l o c at i o n (Futuris is situated close to a major road, the airport an d m e t ro ) w it h we l l developed infrastructure. Futuris continues Minsk’s t r a n s f o r m at i o n i nt o a European capital, becoming an attractive site for business and leisure activities and being the country’s largest such centre. Belarus has long since gained a reputation for being a unique bridge between East and West, a n d h a s m a ny times demonstrated its

Belta

Future embraces business

economic significance in the world. Foreign partners have many times expressed their intentions of j oint ly co-op erat ing with Belarus in different spheres, proving our st ate’s g lob a l st anding. Speaking at a solemn c e re m ony t o m ar k t h e beginning of construction, the new project’s strategic investor, Vincent Petrillo, noted that our country is a wonderful place to work, boasting huge potential. According to Mr. Petrillo, investors often ask him about the business climate in B elar us. “I can now ass er t that p eople here fruitfully collaborate with foreign investors,” he told journalists. F u t u r i s m e a n s ‘t h e future’. The building will be located on the crossroad of two major Minsk roads, which is surely symbolic; Belarus is an important c om me rc i a l c ro ss ro a d b e t w e e n t h e EU and the whole CIS. “Minsk’s transformation into a European capital, attracting f i nanc i ng and business activity, would be impossible without the necessary infrastructu re. T h is is why such large scale projects as Futuris are receiving maximum supp or t from city authorities,” stresses Minsk’s Mayor, Nikolai Ladutko. By Polina Lokhmanenko

2010 беларусь.belarus

Favourable environment

Business climate becomes warmer According to the World Bank, Belarus is among the leading states reforming their business conditions. Last year alone, 56 legal acts were adopted in the country — all simplifying and stimulating entrepreneurial activity

he Government continues its work to make the countr y attractive for investors — both domestic and foreign. This September, some new progressive documents were adopted, referring to licensing and taxation. Moreover, the Parliament studied the 2011 budget for the first time this September. This early date chosen for the major financial document was selected at businessmen’s request. Entrepreneurs will have enough time to prepare for new economic conditions as a result.

Free trade, novelties

among

other

Experts unanimously agree that the Presidential Decree ‘On Licensing of Certain Activities’ is a timely legal act — one the business community has long awaited. Moreover, the reality coincides with expectations: from January 1st, 2011, no special permission will be needed for retail trade or public catering. These account for 40-50 percent of all licenses issued at present. The administrative barrier has now been abolished. In addition, tourist businesses and another 14 business activities have been exempted from licensing. Special permissions are only needed for spheres which require enhanced responsibility

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and control — such as the production and sale of alcohol, gambling, medical and educational services, advocatory and banking activities and work with radioactive materials. Meanwhile, the period of license issuing has been cut to 15 days (from 30), and the term of validity has been extended to 10 years (previously five). The Chairman of the Belarusian Entrepreneurs’ Union, Alexander Kalinin, asserts that this new order for licensing should inspire the development of business and investment activity in the country. He notes that entrepreneurs’ views have been taken into account while some suggestions — such as those relating to license issuance and annulment — fully meet entrepreneurs’ wishes, as recorded during the document’s development. There is evident progress in the field of licensing. Back in 2003, special permission was needed for 150 activities. From January 1st, 2011, only 37 will remain. The Deputy Economy Minister, Andrei Tur, has promised at a Minsk press conference that the Presidential Decree ‘is not a final document and work in the field of licensing shall be continued’.

Taxes strive for simplicity

In S e p t e m b e r, t h e Nat i o n a l Assembly’s House of Representatives

adopted changes and alterations to the Tax Code. Speaking about the law to deputies, Finance Minister Andrei Kharkovets stressed that it ‘radically simplifies the taxation system’. The document envisages the abolishment of local taxes on services and site development, in addition to three payments within the ecological tax. According to Mr. Kharkovets, the reform should simplify tax administration while reducing the burden on companies. Next year, the latter should save around Br700bn (about $230m) in tax payments. Since 2006, B elarus has been steadily simplifying its tax system. The state has annulled small, inefficient taxes and fees stage-by-stage; 26 have been abolished in recent years, including ‘turnover’ taxes, which are paid from revenue. International experts criticise these as an obstacle to business activity, so their abolishment should drive forward enterprise. The Finance Ministry and the Ministry for Taxes and Duties aim to apply progressive and globally proven mechanisms of tax collection. Already, most Belarusian enterprises pay only five taxes: VAT, income tax, property, land and ecological tax. These results should be noted in future World Bank Doing Business reports. Those from the Ministry for Taxes and Duties

Caterine Shaposhnikova

Favourable environment

Achieved positive results facilitate further success

are convinced that Belarus will move from the 183rd place in the ratings to at least 80th, as regards the simplicity of its tax paying system. The tax burden on businesses is also being steadily cut. Since 2006, it has fallen by 4.7 percent of GDP. Interestingly, the budget has hardly suffered. “I think an axiom of market e conomics has b e en conf ir me d by our country : reducing the tax burden releases circulating funds from companies and entrepreneurs,” explains the Minister for Taxes and Duties, Vladimir Poluyan. “In turn, the liberation of business activity leads to the expansion of the taxsubject base and growth of budget revenue.” To confirm his words, the official notes that, despite fewer taxes being paid into the budget this year than in 2009, budget revenue targets have been met (in the first half of 2010, 101.9 percent of planned funds were collected). This was possible

due to growing payments from other major taxes (profit tax and VAT).

Comfortable graph

The proverb says: ‘repair your cart in December; in July your sledge remember’. The Government has been calling on the business community to act similarly. All legislative acts regulating economic activity should be adopted several months before the new year (when they come into force), allowing companies’ accounting, legal and financial departments to prepare calmly for the new conditions. Businessmen’s requests have been ‘heard’ by the President, who has ordered the Government to adopt a package of major economic projects by October at the latest; this time scenario should become the annual norm. “Of course, it’s good that we’ve learnt about next year’s budget, planned taxes and rates in September. We can now plan our work thoroughly

and without hurry,” says Mr. Kalinin. He recollects that the Belarusian rouble’s devaluation in early 2009 and new rent regulations (adopted i n l ate 2 0 0 9 ) ‘we re u npl e a s ant surprises for businesses’. “It’s bad when a company learns about such things at the last minute. It creates a force-majeure situation and breaks a company’s usual routine. Naturally, we welcome early announcements by state bodies, which tell us about all vital decisions beforehand, informing business circles about measures in a timely manner.” Mr. Kalinin adds that Belarus is now enjoying more open rule-making, unlike the non-transparent law adoption of the past. The Government is now actively liaising with business associations, experts and international institutions when preparing important documents. This teamwork enhances the quality of decisions. By Vitaly Volyanyuk

2010 беларусь.belarus

Investments

Safe injections Foreign investments into Belarusian economy directed towards most popular projects

ttracting foreign investments into the Belarusian economy is a priority; our economy is developing dynamically, growing annually by 6-10 percent. 2008 saw a record growth of foreign capital into the real sector. However, in H1 2010, foreign injections rose by just 4.4 percent (due to the global financial crisis). Nevertheless, their total volume is significant, standing at $4.4bn. This inflow of capital from abroad is inspired by several measures. The 2006-2010 state programme aimed to attract foreign capital, with serious future projects lined up, which promise stable returns. This year, around half of all foreign injections have been directed towards the transport sphere, with a further quarter directed towards industry. A decade ago, most foreign capital was directed towards trade and services, so what has inspired the change. Let’s look closer... Belarus is known to possess a rather favourable transit location, being crossed by two major international transport corridors — from The country has a lot to offer

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the west to the east and from the north to the south. For example, the closest route from Western Europe to Russia’s centre passes via Belarus. The transit sphere is one of the most stable and dynamically developing and, in the first six months of 2010, transit volume has reached the pre-crisis level. Moreover, according to Leonid Dosov, the Deputy Chair of the State Customs Committee of Belarus, maximum transit parameters have been achieved over the last 15-20 years. The Council of Ministers recently approved the 20112015 Transit Potential Development Strategy, which should result in a 60 percent increase in transit revenue — including the creation of over 30 transport and logistics centres. Perhaps the largest is to be built at Minsk’s National Airport, some 30km from the Belarusian capital, in close vicinity to a high-speed motorway and Berlin-Minsk-Moscow rail road. Over 288m euros is being invested in this logistics centre, with funds coming from AOI N.V., Lufthansa and Deutsche Bahn AG; each recently visited Belarus to discuss terms regarding this major site. Cargo traffic is expected to rise while service facilities are due to improve. Forecasts have been made for the next 20-30 years,

with railway stations and the airport modernised and additional roads laid. The Belarusian Government is enlisting the help of investors, who are ready to invest around $10m this year alone. The first sites should come into exploitation in 2013, with the logistics park completely operational by 2021, recouping costs for its owners. Chinese investors are to finance the reconstruction of one branch of the international automobile transport corridor, running between Minsk and Gomel. Their volume of investments may reach $500m. China is also actively injecting funds into the Belarusian energy industry, with 34 sites (from power stations to heat- and hydroelectric power plants) currently being reconstructed using Chinese funds. The B elar usian constr uc tion industry is developing dynamically, so is another promising area for foreign capital. In 2011, Belarus plans to build 9.1m sq.m of housing, with further plans for 10m sq.m per year. High-rise buildings, exceeding 130m, are also to be constructed. Over the past few months of 2010, the volume of building and assembly works has grown

Investments Belarusian industry, particularly machine building, remains a priority for foreign investments. For instance, the Belarusian Automobile Works, located 60km from Minsk, manufactures 30 to 360 tonne capacity heavy-duty dump trucks, accounting for around a third of the world market. Between January and August 2010, exports of Belarusian heavy machinery rose 2.5fold. The enterprise has overcome the consequences of the global financial crisis to master new markets, as well as new truck models. Several years ago, the plant underwent reconstruction, costing 200m euros and given by Czech banks. Since demand for new, remote-controlled dump trucks has risen, the company now needs new investments and technologies to ensure it keeps abreast of 21st century developments. In particular, the competitiveness of the enterprise is set to be enhanced by manufacturing 90 and 180 capacity heavy-duty dump trucks using hydromechanical transmission. Each is designed to run for at least a million kilometres, as is the 136 tonne heavyduty electrical transmission dump truck. The company’s 240 tonne capacity diesel-trolley cars should be able to run up to 1.1 million kilometres in their lifetime. To master the production of these goods within the next five years, hundreds of millions of US dollars of investments are required. Compared to 2008 — the most successful year — machinery output should rise 1.5-

fold, with injected funds recouped within 5.4 years — not too long for the machine building industry. Many similar examples will be discussed at the Belarus Investment Forum in Frankfurt. The food industry is also worth mentioning, being very attractive for investors. It is now the foremost area receiving major foreign injections. In particular, the Coca-Cola C omp any h a s b e e n wor k i ng i n Belarus, developing its manufactures since 1994. Since 1997, a Coca-Cola factory, producing world famous beverages, has been operational in Minsk. With foreign investments, the brewery industry is also flourishing, with $185m attracted since 2006 — including $61.5 from abroad. Investors are satisfied with the results, with beer output ever rising, alongside quality and export sales. This is bringing good financial results. Moreover, several Belarusian breweries have already integrated into the international network of leading world manufacturers of this popular drink. The Belarusian Government is doing its best to expand its list of similar examples, with liberalisation of the economy promoting the attraction of foreign capital. Belarus is a world leader in this sphere, with the country aiming to enter the top 25-30 states for investment attractiveness. By Vladimir Bibikov

Aloizas Yunevich

by 12 percent against the similar period of last year. Of course, this requires great amounts of highquality cement and other materials; fortunately, Belarus possesses huge deposits of the necessary raw materials — enough to satisfy our needs for the next 150 years of active extraction. Three cement works currently operate in the republic. Meanwhile, three more enterprises are to be built, almost doubling the output of cement and using the most cost-effective dry production method. Chinese investors are taking an active role in implementing these projects, with their total contribution into branch development assessed at around $500m. These funds will provide various nodes and components and, in 2011, new manufacturing plants will come into operation. A cement plant involving Iranian capital is also being built in Belarus. The construction industry has recently implemented over 100 investment projects, resulting in renovation and the expansion of the output of goods which are proving popular at home and abroad. These include ceramic tiles, triple-fired decorative ceramic elements, glass bulbs and pharmacological bottles, silicate bricks, enhanced quality porous concrete blocks and Euro-windows. Many were previously imported but are now export items of our own. Of course, many projects have relied on foreign capital and technology to reach fruition.

2010 беларусь.belarus

Agrarian field

Capital approach Belarus’ dynamically developing agriculture and world demand for food products is raising the importance of the agrarian branch in the eyes of foreign investors. Negotiations are regularly held at the Belarusian Ministry for Agriculture and Food, with German, Lithuanian, Polish, Belgian, Czech and Danish investors keen to help process grain, milk, meat and rape seed

ast year, $20m of foreign investments were attracted into Belarus’ agro-industrial complex while at least $50m will have been attracted by the end of this year. Around 20 percent of this sum will be direct injections, i.e. investments into major capital.

German accent on Belarusian field

The most famous investment project using foreign capital may be that connected with the name of German businessman Lorenz-Peter Stotz. His firm began operations on the Belarusian market back in 1992, selling agricultural machinery from western manufacturers: harvesters and seeding and fodder harvesting machines. Howe ver, Mr. Stotz’s business became especially popular a decade ago, when he bought a lossmaking collective farm in Zabolotie village in Smolevichi district. He was keen to have a testing ground for his machinery, to show potential customers the capabilities of the equipment. Over a short period of time, the agricultural enterprise was completely transformed, with harvest volumes raised, a horse stud farm built and housing for employees constructed. Now, Stotz-Agro-Service is involved in agricultural manufacture at several loss-making farms in Belarus.

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According to Mr. Stotz, over his years of work, investments have totalled dozens of millions of euros, including loans to agricultural organisations. Mr. Stotz is confident that these funds will be recouped. “I haven’t come to Belarus simply to sell something and leave; I want to leave a legacy here. Our company sells highly-efficient agricultural equipment, using the latest technologies. It should considerably raise crop yields.” Germany is one of the major investors in the Belarusian agro-industrial complex, accounting for $12.7m out of $20m of foreign injections attracted to this branch last year.

From loans projects

promising

Belagro-2010 — a traditional forum of Belarusian farmers — took place in June. Belarus’ Minister for Agriculture and Food, Mikhail Rusy, noted that the country is keen to attract direct foreign investments for high-tech agro-industrial projects. It is to be one of the major tasks for the coming five years. Agriculture has received serious state support in recent years and is demonstrating annual production growth. Over Br120 trillion has been allocated for the state rural revival and development programme, with impressive results. Compared to 2005, when the programme was launched, production of grain and meat per

capita has increased by more than a third. That of vegetables has risen by over 50 percent and that of milk has grown by 17 percent. Belarus occupies first place worldwide for milk production per capita: 600kg. The export of agrarian produce is estimated at $2.3bn or 7 percent of the country’s total exports. Foreign investors are now studying the Belarusian agrarian sector closely, looking at it against the background of rising demand for food on the world market. Foreign capital directed towards agricultural manufacture has been largely given in the form of tied loans from foreign banks, provided specifically to pay for imported agricultural machinery or equipment. The money has been used to modernise meat, dairy and grain processing, as well as the bakery and poultry industries. Last year, Poland, Denmark and the Czech Republic were the largest creditors of the agrarian sector, after Germany. According to Belarus’ Deputy Minister for Agriculture and Food, Leonid Marinich, this year, Israel, Canada and Belgium have opened credit lines. Minsk’s First Poultry Factory is using Israeli funds to construct a poultry farm for 600,000 laying hens and an egg processing facility. Meanwhile, D z e r z h i n s k y Ag ro - C om bi n e i s expanding its manufacturing facilities. Six enterprises of the Bakery Products Department are using foreign bank loans

Agrarian field to purchase production lines processing oilseed rape. Such credit is also being used to buy technological equipment for poultry farms, flax harvesters and containers for grain storage. “We’re currently most interested in setting up joint enterprises with foreign partners and in implementing beneficial projects,” notes Mr. Marinich. “For example, we’re currently realising a project to construct three bio-gas units, completely financed by foreign capital. The aim is to receive electrical and heat energy from production waste. The first such facility is to app e ar at Snov Agricultural Production Complex in the Minsk region. The construction of three more facilities is planned for next year, with partners from a n Au s t r i a n company

currently monitoring Belarusian agricultural enterprises.” The Agriculture and Food Ministry is keen to co-operate with foreign partners in implementing another major project: constructing a factory to process whey and produce whole milk substitute, in Nesvizh. The enterprise’s final product is already popular worldwide. The project is estimated to cost $250m and a tender has been announced among investors, with the first results to be summed up soon.

Money finds money

Money always finds the path whereby it will generate more money, as business people will attest. Investors won’t risk their capital without being given detailed, objective information, of course. The Belarusian Agriculture and Food Ministry’s website indicates several projects which are open for implementation with potential investors. These include the construction of a pig farm housing 24,000 pigs, at Bereza’s Compound Animal Feeding Stuff Plant, the construction of a poultry farm to produce 12,000 tonnes of turkey meat per year, and a mini heat power station at Borisov Bakery Products Plant.

According to Mr. Marinich, partners are found most successfully at investments forums, which are regularly organised throughout Belarus, and which we attend abroad. In September, five projects — worth $130m — were proposed at an investment forum in Riga. In November, of Belarusian agrarians will be presenting promising proposals in Germany, at Frankfurt-am-Mein’s Investment Forum. The Belarusian Economy Ministry will be overseeing our projects. The city has long been known as a major financial centre in Germany and Europe. Taking into account that Belarus has recently joined the Customs Union of three states, enhanced interest is likely. By investing into Belarus’ agro-industrial complex, foreign partners can create favourable conditions for their business across a huge territory, reaching from the Russian Far East to the SouthEastern region. By Lilia Khlystun

2010 беларусь.belarus

Free economic zone

Attractive region Brest was the ‘gate to Europe’ during Soviet times and remains so for modern Belarus — both in the direct and figurative sense. Here, the first free economic zone in the country was established, playing a huge role in the economy. Owing to Brest FEZ, Brest region’s foreign trade turnover has risen almost 1.5-fold over the last five years, reaching about $3bn in 2009

t pre s e nt , t h e f re e economic zone is the most profitable sphere for capital injections — owing to tax and customs privileges for its company-residents. There are 65 at present, including 47 with foreign capital. Eighteen countries are represented at Brest FEZ, with residents injecting over $600m into production. These companies now account for 16 percent of Brest region’s

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At the fair "Commonwealth2010"

industrial production, forming a quarter of all exports. Not long ago, a new resident registered, from China: Su Dzing Group, from the South Chinese Zhèjiāng Province. With a 26 year history, its products have ‘conquered’ the world. Its factories sew sporting outfits for the NBA — the world’s top basketball league. The new company plans to rival Brest’s s e wing f ir ms, launching production of 200,000 sports outfits monthly, for sale in the CIS and beyond; contracts in Europe have already been concluded. Production facilities are to be built near Brest’s airport, while sewing equipment is being delivered from Japan and Taiwan. Why h av e t h e Chinese chosen Brest region?

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Apart from tax privileges, they’re attracted by its logistics. The border region boasts an airport and good motorways connecting it with Europe. At the initial stage, the investors plan to inject 5m euros. About 700 companies of various forms of ownership currently work in Brest region, involved in exportimport operations with 118 countries: primarily, Russia, Germany, Poland, Ukraine and Italy. In early 2010, Belarus and Italy agreed to set up an industrial district in Brest region, with the participation of Italian companies and banks. Our country is of special interest to Italian businessmen, acting as a platform for their further work on the markets of Russia and Kazakhstan (owing to the established Customs Union). Interestingly, the first investment agent has just begun its work in the region. Legal firm Arkhipenko, Goretsky and Partners is now authorised to represent Belarus’ interests regarding investment attraction. The decision was made by the Government — following an agreement signed between the company and Brest region’s authorities. Arkhipenko, Goretsky and Partners is part of Revera Consulting Group — the largest structure in Belarus providing legal and auditory services. It also offers the services of tax consultants and specialists in the field of intellectual property. The company will act as an investment agent until January 1st, 2016. By Valetina Kozlovich

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Projects review

At the exhibition of the Nieman Euroregion (Grodno)

City of open doors

Grodno has always attracted those with wealth. Many years ago, foreign investors came to this ancient city situated on the crossroads, building castles and churches, opening enterprises and planting one of the best botanical gardens in Europe. This year, the city hosted the 2nd International Investment Forum, held in early October 2010, as well as an exhibition-fair of the Nieman Euroregion

hese are landmark events but it has taken time to make them significant. To attract business people, Grodno initiated the creation of the Nieman Euroregion eleven years ago. Its usefulness was evident, as it united the efforts of our neighbours from Poland, Lithuania and Russia’s Kaliningrad region. Grodno has acted as an ‘engine’ for border collaboration in the fields of trade, sport and medicine, with the Euroregion’s autumn fair becoming a venue to present achievements. In re c e nt ye ar s , t h e e x h i bition-fair of the Nieman Euroregion has changed, attracting a growing

number of participants. Last year, the spacious Nieman Sports Complex housed products by 145 companies, including those using foreign capital. Among t hem were ten Mos cow enterprises. Some time ago, Grodno hosted its first international investment forum, gathering businessmen, heads of twin-cities’ administrations and representatives of business circles from Germany, Finland, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Russia. This year, even more guests attended, each convinced that the event of 2009 had yielded results. Construction of a business centre featuring a modern

conference hall, hotel, exhibition and exchange halls, rest room and restaurant has begun on Kosmonavtov Avenue in Grodno. This interesting investment project — costing over $5m — was discussed at last year’s forum and is now becoming a reality. At last, the city will have a place to gather business people. There are many reasons to visit Grodno. Not long ago, the Grodno Regional Executive Committee approved seven new investment projects, all aiding conditions for business. From now on, investors will be allocated sites without auction, while equipment can be imported without paying customs fees. Other simplifications have also come into force and are expected to benefit everyone. Trade centres and fuelling stations are to be built, as the Grodno region currently lacks such services. While some projects are only being discussed, certain agreements have been finalised. In Warsaw, Grodnoenergo recently signed an agreement on investment co-operation, envisaging the construction of a coal electric station in the Zelva district (the first of its kind in Belarus). Additionally, transborder electricity transmission lines are being built, uniting Belarus’ Ros station with the Polish energy supply system. Documents were signed by Grodnoenergo’s General Director, Vladimir Shaternik, and Kulczyk Holding’s President of the Board, Dariusz Mioduski. This is not the only co-operation project between the energy workers of Belarus and its foreign partners. Chinese investors are heartily welcomed in our country, returning the favour. In the near future, Chinese firms will be ready to finance the construction and repair of 34 energy stations throughout Belarus. Hydroelectric stations are to be built in Mogilev, Shklov and Verkhnedvinsk while Brest is to acquire a heat electric station. Eleven energy sub-stations are to be replaced in Minsk, launching long-term co-operation. By Iosif Popko

2010 беларусь.belarus

Simple mathematics The foreign economic situation and falling demand abroad over the past two years have pushed the Government to search for alternative sources of attracting funds into the country

oreign loans are among these mechanisms. This summer, Belarus joined the Eurobonds market — a long-awaited move. Some time earlier, the country took loans from the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, Russia, China and Venezuela. However, debts must be repaid. Accordingly, it’s vital to spend them wisely.

Profitable portfolio

Most countries worldwide use loans. It’s a normal practice. The question is how much they borrow and how these sums are spent. Some use them to support the real sector of the economy, to supplement gold-and-currency reserves or just to ‘bail them out’. Debts vary in size and can reach several dozen billion US dollars (as in Greece, Spain and Ireland) or, even, an incredible $13 trillion (the USA).

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In Belarus, foreign state debt has risen from $2.3bn to $9.5bn since 2008, with most credits arriving from the IMF, Russia and China. Next year, our country is to spend $695m of state money covering this debt. The Finance Ministry asserts that the volume of our foreign state debt remains on a reasonable level, being economically safe, while our debt portfolio is quite profitable (with an average interest rate of 3.74 percent per annum, repayable in just over six years).

Money must work

In 2011, the Government plans to take out new loans worth $2.2bn. “The mid-term strategy of state debt management relies on providing the state with the necessary financial resources for sustainable economic growth,” explains Finance Minister Andrei Kharkovets. “Money is to be spent on economic

Reuters

Finances tendencies modernisation and security, proceeding from our gold-and-currency reserves. In particular, tied loans from China ($1bn) and the World Bank (about $119m) are to be spent on major investment projects to modernise our energy system while creating new production facilities. A plant manufacturing sulphate bleached pulp at Svetogorsk Pulp and Paper Mill is planned, alongside a factory making industrial building construction goods and a facility making sodium carbonate, in the Mozyr district. A range of infrastructure related projects are also planned.”

Safety threshold

Experts believe that our foreign debt does not pose a serious threat to the country, with estimations pegging it at about 30 percent of GDP. “Compared to the EU, where 20 countries have already surpassed the critical threshold of 60 percent, there is no cause for concern,” notes Georgy Grits, the Departmental Head at the BSU’s School of Business and Management of Technology. The Doctor of Economics tells us, “However, another problem exists. We’ll start repaying the main part of these new debts in five years’ time, but will be paying interest from 2011 on our Eurobonds, at a rate of 8.5 percent annually. Accordingly, it’s very important that we invest our funds into projects that will recoup their costs quickly, manufacturing high-tech products. It’s no easy task, since 80 percent of domestic industrial equipment is almost decrepit. Average profitability countrywide stands at 78 percent.” Clearly, we must create a competitive economy, purchase new equipment and technologies, set up new enterprises and increase production profitability. Financial analyst Sergey Chaly believes that, under crisis conditions, the extension of debt is justified. To ensure it can repay its debts, the state must ensure that the economy works efficiently. It’s simple arithmetic. By Yevgeny Kononovich

Income forestrye

Tree of life Within five years, Belarusian forests should bring even greater revenue

ccording to forecasts, in five years’ time, revenues from the Belarusian forestry industry should double, to reach Br700bn. Forest workers plan to set up new wood processing enterprises while significantly expanding export supplies of high-value-added goods. Forest restoration and propagation, alongside fire protection, are to be financed from the state budget, with firms using their own funds to modernise operations in the coming five years. Belarus’ Forestry Minister, Mikhail Amelyanovich, notes that timber exports should rise this year, to $100m — up 100 percent on 2009. The situation on foreign markets is

favourable for forestry enterprises, with supplies and prices ever growing. At present, Belarusian timber is being delivered to 22 countries worldwide, with new markets constantly being conquered. “We’re now selling our goods to those offering the higher prices,” explains Valentin Tsvirko, Director of Experimental Forestry in Starye Dorogi. Meanwhile, the Ministry understands that round timber logs aren’t the most lucrative export; within the next five years,

Bellesbumprom Concern plans to set up eight large wood processing facilities, manufacturing higher value-added goods. The 2011-2015 State Forestry Industry Development Programme, which is to be approvedwithinthecomingmonth,prioritises forestry management and timber cutting facilities, alongside the technical modernisation of wood processing. Multi-operational and highly efficient machinery — harvesters and forwarders — are to be bought for chopping intermediate wood, which should improve efficiency. One of the secrets of Starye Dorogi’s success is its uninterrupted cutting and timber delivery, with profitability standing at 30 percent. As a result of implementing the 2011-2015 investment programme, forestry workers hope to increase their sales profits from Br544bn in 2010 to Br1.2 trillion by 2015. Foreign investments are to be dedicated to buying timber cutting and processing equipment which isn’t yet manufactured in our country. By Polina Konopleva

2010 беларусь.belarus

Optimistic portrayal Last year’s population census makes interesting reading, forming a complete picture of our country’s present while helping to build plans for the future. For example, our cities lack ‘grooms’ while villages suffer from an insufficient number of ‘brides’. The country’s population has become more educated and older while the birth rate is rising

ndoubtedly, we are all concerned that, over a decade (from the 1999 census to that of 2009) the population of Belarus fell by 541,000 (5.4 percent). Of these, 476,000 died while the remaining 65,000 emigrated or lived abroad for a while. The population declined countrywide but that of Minsk grew — by 156,000, to reach 1,837,000. The population of each regional centre also grew, with 7,065,000 people of the total 9,504,000 living in cities. Only 26 percent currently reside in rural areas. “We’re becoming a more urbanised country,” notes Yelena Kukharevich, the Deputy Chair of the NationalStatisticalCommitteeofBelarus.

беларусь.belarus 2010

“We’ve almost reached European figures. The correlation between our urban and rural populations is the same as in most European states.” Education is one of the most vital indicators for social development and the state’s efforts seem to be yielding fruit in this sphere. Educational levels are especially rising among rural residents. At the time of the census, 90 percent of Belarusians aged over 15 had higher, secondary or basic education (according to the 1989 census, this figure stood at 77 percent and, in 1999, it totalled 85 percent). 1,531,000 citizens boast diplomas of higher education while 30,000 over the age of 15 remain illiterate (0.4 percent of the total popu-

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Census results

lation). The figure hasn’t changed over a decade. Ms. Kukharevich explains that most of these people suffer from psychophysical disabilities. Belarus remains one of the most multinational states. According to the 2009 population census, around 140 nationalities live in our country, with almost 84 percent referring to themselves as Belarusian; 8 percent consider themselves to be Russian, 3 percent call themselves Polish, 2 percent feel themselves to be Ukrainian and just 0.1 percent denote themselves as being Jewish. Remarkably, ethnic composition changes from region to region. Armenians are ranked fifth in terms of their number in the Minsk region while those calling themselves Gypsies are placed fourth and Poles are sixth in the Gomel region. Belarusians account for 67 percent in the Grodno region, followed by Poles with 22 percent; Lithuanians close the top five with a mere

project budgete

Percentage of Belarusian citizens having higher, secondary or basic education

09 20 9 9 19 9 8 19 of households and families, as well as on population migration. The survey will conclude with an overview of the country’s housing conditions, to be released in early April. Today’s data is already useful in guiding decisions regarding Belarus’ socio-economic development. By Irina Yuvazanova

Expenses to generate profit Special session of the National Assembly’s House of Representatives approves Belarus’ 2011 budget at its first reading, envisaging rise in salaries and pensions, reduced taxation and over 1.5 times more funding for science

he deputies have studied a package of major financialeconomic documents of the country. The Chairman of the House of Representatives, Vladimir Andreichenko, explains that a special session met ‘to promptly study and adopt a package of documents relating to the budget-financial and tax spheres, which are vital for the country’s sustainable development’. Finance Minister Andrei Kharkovets’ report detailed who will receive state funding in 2011 and who will need to pay into the budget. The 2011 budget will see a deficit (between income and expenditure) of three percent of GDP — within the safety limits of international practice. However, by 2015, the Government plans to cut this deficit to 1.5 percent, with most revenue coming from VAT, income and profit taxes and excise duties. A buoyant economy influences these payments, so the Government hopes to see GDP grow by at least 10 percent in 2011. Signif icant state spending is dedicated to the social sphere, with salaries, pensions and student scholarships to rise by about 35 percent. Mr. Kharkovets promises that rising incomes won’t bring undue inflation, devaluing salaries. 80 percent of all money spent on health care is being directed at

Caterine Shaposhnikova

0.2 percent. Growing numbers of other nationalities have been registered, with numbers of Chinese rising 20-fold and of Arabs 2.7-fold. Turkmen residents have grown 2.3-fold on the previous census. However, their share in the country’s total population isn’t great. Sixty percent of Belarusian residents believe their national language to be their native one, although only one third use it to chat at home. Russian remains the major language of communication, being used by 70 percent of people. The Belarusian language is chosen by 23 percent. The number of those with knowledge of English has risen 3.2-fold while those speaking German is up 2.2-fold. 28,000 Belarusian residents, or 0.3 percent of the total, refused to take part in the population census, primarily for religious reasons. However, the quality and objectivity of the results are clear. The National Statistical Committee is continuing analyse data on population’s economic activities, ready for early February 2011. Next March, the final results will be declared on the number and composition

acquiring modern equipment for local hospitals and polyclinics. Education spending is also set to rise next year, comprising six percent of GDP. The state will continue subsidising housingand-public utilities, with the population covering just 34 percent of their cost. Local budgets are to gain more independence, with officials directly overseeing the development of their regions. From 2011, all profit taxes paid by companies owned communally or privately will remain within local budgets. Gas prices remain a stumbling point; according to Mr. Kharkovets, talks have just begun but the Government believes it has enough resources to react to price fluctuations if necessary. Mr. Andreichenko tells us that the draft republican budget for 2011 realises two strategic tasks: supporting the real sector of the economy (primarily, the innovative sphere); and continuing 2010’s social projects and the achieved level of state social standards. By Olga Yefimtseva

2010 беларусь.belarus

Belta

Township

Reserves for development Over the past four years, the state programme for regional development has changed a great deal, with major investment projects reviving production and creating new jobs

he Government hopes that, in the future, these district and regional centres will become a reserve of economic growth. Whether these expectations are met largely depends on whether entrepreneurial conditions are good. Small cities, with a population of up to 50,000, have traditionally lacked economic dynamism, with those living in district centres enjoying a greatly reduced standard of living compared to those residing in regional centres, let alone the capital. A special state programme has been operational to change the situation, covering almost 190 settlements; over four years, about a thousand projects have been implemented, with dozens of thousands of new jobs created. Among these settlements have been many towns where only one enterprise was responsible for employment. The

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state programme focused on reducing such dependence, encouraging the de velopment of entrepreneurial activity and the setting up of new facilities. Some progress has already been seen, with about 30,000 new jobs created last year alone in such areas; meanwhile, the number of small companies rose from 8,000 to 9,000. Importantly, unemployment has fallen. Nevertheless, the Government admits that further action is needed to radically revitalise towns. “Analysis has shown that industrial production and entrepreneurial development remain major problems in small and medium-sized town development,” stresses Economy Minister Nikolai Snopkov. Businessmen have been granted significant tax privileges in the field of construction and investments in towns but much more needs to be

done to achieve the desired effect. Some entrepreneurs are keen to see the tax system simplified, with controls reduced and loan interest rates slashed. Businessmen and state officials agree that much depends on how local authorities attract business into empty buildings, allowing entrepreneurs to use them. In Pruzhany (a small district centre in the Brest region), local authorities have understood the importance of the wise use of property. This year alone, about 70 sites were chosen for new tenants, with over 40 given to those offering worthy investment projects, free of rental charges. “We may fail to receive much for these sites now but we’ll earn more from taxes later and the creation of new jobs,” believes the Head of the Pruzhany District Executive Committee’s Economic Department, Lyubov Imkhovik. Netkany Mir is among those firms receiving premises on a gratuitous basis, producing quilted cloth, napkins and filters for dairy farms. Their activity may seem simple but, in fact, Belarus used to import these filters from abroad (lacking domestic production). The company has found a profitable economic niche, while local authorities benefit from increased numbers of jobs, tax revenue and the use of previously derelict buildings. By Roman Anisimov

Soyuz Barrierless opportunities

Good shots Belarusian anti-aircraft gunners have been testing their mastery at Astrakhan region’s Ashuluk firing range, polishing their skills at the site designed to train the Air Defence Force’s anti-aircraft missile troops

By late 2010, Belarus and Russia will have signed a new agreement on mutual supply of meat and dairy produce, with our agricultural ministries discussing terms

elarus’ Prime Minister, Sergei Sidorsky, notes, “We’re moving in a direction beneficial for Belarusian manufacturers on the Russian market, and vice versa. This document should eliminate all questions.” Mr. Sidorsky stresses that Belarus and Russia have already adopted the necessary decisions relating to sanitary and quarantine control, removing all barriers to supply within the Customs Union.

Belarus — Russia

“D

Forum for youngsters The 5th Russian-Belarusian Youth for the Union State Festival has been hosted by Rostov-on-Don

uring training, soldiers shoot as if in battle, using antiaircraft S-300, Buk and Osa missile systems,” notes Belarus’ Defence Ministry. “This has enabled us to check our latest, domestically-manufactured automated control systems, polishing personnel skills and helping them build psychological resistance in extreme situations.”

Full of friends Kurgan now has its own Centre of Belarusian Culture, stylised as a Russian ‘izba’ (a peasant hut)

ike a folk museum, it exhibits national costumes, embroidered rushniks and tablecloths, kitchen utensils, and goods made from linen, straw and ceramic. The hostess of the Belarusian ‘izba’ is Lyudmila Urvantseva, who chairs the regional public association of Belarusians Batskaushchyna. The new centre aims to promote Belarusian culture, language and customs, hosting various meetings for our countrymen, members of the Belarusian diaspora.

his year, a delegation from another Slavonic state — Ukraine — joined for the first time. The event brought together around 300 entrants and over 15,000 spectators. The State Secretary of the Union State, Pavel Borodin, greeted participants, organisers and guests, saying, “This large-scale meeting of friends and likeminded people continues the wonderful, ancient traditions of youth forums and festivals. Having become an attractive and efficient venue for dialogue between young people from Russia and Belarus, as well as parliamentarians and executive power representatives, it makes a great contribution to our work in building a shared ‘home’.”

Investigations have been conducted on using tactical, short-range, unmanned aircraft systems and automated, remotecontrolled, land-based, firing weapons, designed to protect concentrated areas of troops.

2010 беларусь.belarus

Strategy for success Potential of Union State economy

tate Secretary of the Union State, Pavel Borodin, tells us about growing volumes of B elar usian-Russian trade as a result of the Union State’s formation Mr. B oro din , w e of te n he ar that integration processes between Belarus and Russia are slowing, with a shift towards the Customs Union of Belarus, Russia and Kazakhstan. Can you comment? First of all, the Customs Union would have been impossible without the thorough, long-term preparations which preceded it. The Union State began over 10 years ago and, since 1992, about 200 agreements have been signed, regulating our trade-economic relations. Today’s growing trade volumes speak for themselves as to the benefit of continuing our RussianBelarusian Union State relations. The high pace of mutual trade shows perfectly the results achieved from our Union State’s formation. What is the result of our mutual trade? Since the agreement on the Union State was signed in 1992, our mutual trade has grown significantly. In 1999, it totalled $6.999bn but, in 2008, the figure reached a record of $34.1bn. A 30 percent rise was registered in just one year — from 2007 to 2008. Has the global financial crisis influenced this statistic? Of course. In 2009, BelarusianRussian exports stood at $23.4bn, including Russian exports to Belarus

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of $16.7bn (a 28.9 percent fall). Imports stood at $6.7bn (down 36.4 percent). In comparison to 2008, turnover fell by 31.2 percent. Experts say that, in 2009, Russia remained the most important market for the Belarusian economy, despite significantly reducing its consumption under crisis conditions. Belarusian exports changed their structure, with deliveries of food and consumer goods rising, in addition to chemical products. Sales of machine building related goods (equipment, mechanical tools and transport) fell, as did those of ferrous metal products. Last year, revenue from exports to Russia fell, due to reduced average prices and falling physical volumes of deliveries. Average prices for exported goods fell 24.9 percent, while those for imports fell 9.2 percent. Without taking into consideration fuel-energy products, export volumes fell 24.9 percent while imports fell 24.2 percent. Have these trends continued in 2010? No. In December 2009, the physical volume of exports to Russia rose 11.6 percent, while imports rose 8.4 percent (in comparison with November 2009). Since January 2010, we’ve observed the crisis ending, with BelarusianRussian mutual trade growing. In the first half of 2010, growth stood at 18 percent (against the same period of 2009). Despite the influence of the financial-economic crisis, in the first half of 2010, Belarus was Russia’s sixth major trading partner. Within the

CIS, Belarus is Russia’s second trading partner (following Ukraine). Belarus used to be Russia’s main trading partner within the CIS. Meanwhile, Russia’s share in Belarus’ foreign trade turnover rose from 47.8 to 48.1 percent (against the same period of 2009). Are different goods being traded? Yes, the commodity structure of B elar usian expor ts to Russia has changed. It now focuses on machinery, equipment and transport vehicles (over 32 percent), food and agricultural raw materials (about 30 percent), and chemical manufactures, caoutchouc, textiles, textile products and footwear (about 20 percent). Among the major commodity groups are milk and dairy products, meat and meat products, trucks, tractors, tracktractors, harvesting machinery, tyres, furniture and related components, plastic packaging, sugar, refrigerators, freezers, carbon steel rods, knots and equipments for cars and tractors. In June 2010, Belarus saw its exports to Russia grow regarding trucks, refrigerators, refrigerating equipment, sugar, red meat, components and equipment for cars and tractors, TV receivers and other goods showing a high level of processing. What does Ru ssia supply to Belarus? Mostly raw minerals: crude oil and natural gas make up over 50 percent. Meanwhile, 33 percent of its exports are metals and metal products, machiner y, equipment, transport vehicles, chemical products

the first such forum, about a dozen reports were made on topical problems regarding Union State development; at present, there are about 50. Mr. Borodin, when you speak ab out the dy nami c s of mut u al turnover, we have the impression of a hard struggle for growth taking place. Is this true? Of course. In January 2009, the heads of our Belarusian and Russian governments signed a plan of joint action to minimise the consequences of the financial crisis, improving the balance of payments, alongside conditions for entrepreneurial activities and mutual trade. The decisions made at the session of the Union State Council of Ministers were later approved by the Union State Supreme State Council. In fact, Belarus and Russia adopted a wide programme of actions within the Union State’s single economic space. The plan embraces all sectors of our two states’ economies; a forecast for the Union State’s social-economic development and medium-term future; support for investment projects (involving Russian and Belarusian investors); development of production co-operation; establishment of joint ventures, corporations and holdings; realisation of a national regime for goods’ access to the Union St ate’s domestic markets; and expansion of State Secretary of the Union State Pavel Borodin

leasing operations when supplying machines and technical products. Additionally, the document oversees the measures necessary to allow small and medium-sized businesses greater self-determination. It completes the formation of legislation in the customs sphere and shifts control functions at the Belarusian-Russian border to the Union State’s external border. It develops the concept for a single agrarian policy for the Union State, while creating conditions for the integration of financial markets and improvement of conditions for entrepreneurial activity. The Union State’s formation is not limited to the creation of the Customs Union and single economic space. T h e s e are s te p s in our manystaged integration, which envisages economic, currency and political union. By Arkady Volkov

Artur Prupas

and caoutchouc. Russia also exports waste and ferrous scrap metal, steel rolls, pipes and rolls of ferrous metals and nitrogen fertilisers. Does direct regional co-operation play a great role in raising mutual turnover? O f c ou rs e. O ve r 8 0 Ru ss i an subjects boast trade-economic ties with Belarus. Of these, 66 have cooperative agreements. Krasnodarsky Krai, Dagestan, Ingushetia, the Nizhny Novgorod Region, Moscow and the Interregional Association Siberian Accord (uniting 19 regions of the Ural and Siberian federal districts) have representations in Belarus. Over 260 interregional agreements have been signed and are being implemented, alongside protocols of trade-economic c o - op e r at i on an d d e v e l opm e nt programmes. This collaboration primarily focuses on the efficient use of production potential, specialisation and co-operation of enterprises, and improvement of economic ties. These agreements significantly differ from those signed with other states (members of the CIS and EurAsEC). W h a t r o l e d o Un i o n S t a t e programmes play? They’re an example of efficient co-operation between Belarus and Russia, in the economic, industrial and social spheres. Companies which fulfil Union State programmes participate in national and international exhibitions, where their equipment and technologies are usually highly praised. Interest in Union State programmes is ever growing. The Forum of Programmes and Projects has been annually organised by the Union State Permanent Committee since 2006, ensuring that business circles and citizens are well-informed about programmes and events past and present. Recently, Russian and Belarusian industrial regions have shown interest in these events. At

2010 беларусь.belarus

Protective code Belarusians and Russians guaranteed equal social rights

fter the USSR collapsed, new independent countries appeared on its former territory, as did numerous problems involving labour migration, education, salary, pension payments and the provision of medical services. Where one country had existed, a multitude had sprouted, each with its own legislative peculiarities. Belarus and Russia were the first to approach one other, signing a treaty on equal rights of citizens in December 1998. This framework agreement was primarily declarative, indicating areas which required solutions. A whole decade was needed to bring these regulations to life. A Russian citizen is able to travel freely to Belarus, staying for 30 days without needing to register, accommodated either by relatives or by a hotel. Those wishing to stay longer simply apply for temporary residence. There shouldn’t be any difficulties in receiving a residence permit or citizenship and Belarusian citizens have the same privileges in Russia. We are assured equal opportunities in employment, salary, place of residence, education and medical services — major achievements over the last twelve years.

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The labour activities of Russian citizens in Belarus and vice versa are regulated by the treaty, following the legislation of the country in which we are working. Mutual recognition of labour experience is guaranteed, as are equal rights for employment and working regime, labour protection, conditions and payment. Even documents given to citizens to realise their labour rights and social guarantees, as well as their notarised copies, are valid without legalisation within the Union State. It’s very convenient and easy. At present, we can assert that there are no serious problems regarding social provision in either of our two countries. Our ministries constantly share information, enabling them to spot any difficulties quickly and find prompt solutions. Although both states aim to unify some social and labour laws, each nation has its own characteristics and peculiarities, of course. From January 1st, 2010, Russia adopted a federal law on insurance contributions into state funds: for pensions, social and obligatory medical insurance. Social insurance contributions are no longer deducted from the salaries of foreigners or those staying only tempo-

rarily. This norm also covers the owners of Belarusian passports. What are the real results? When working temporarily in Russia, Belarusian citizens don’t accumulate pension, medical or social insurance contributions, so aren’t entitled to Russian temporary disability or maternity allowances, regardless of the type of labour contract they have with their Russian employers. In Belarus, the situation is different. Foreigners, including Russians and those without citizenship, can apply to the Social Protection Fund at the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection to pay insurance contributions and receive allowances (regardless of whether they work temporarily or constantly). We’ve managed to protect the interests of Belarusians temporarily working in Russia in the same way. By voluntarily transferring contributions to the Social Protection Fund at home, Belarusian citizens can accumulate pension contributions and receive allowances for disability, in addition to other social payments in line with legislation. The Union State’s pension legislation is one of the most developed. A treaty on social security services co-operation was signed on January 24th, 2006, and has

been vital in solving the pension problem for Belarusians in Russia and vice versa. It entered into force on March 29th, 2007, distributing liabilities: social rights in cases of disease, injury, incapacity, the loss of a breadwinner and in old age. Since then, the principle of proportionality of pension provision has been used, with each state paying for the exact time spent working on its territory. Citizens will be able to receive payment in their country of residence once the time arrives for them to apply for their pension and their payments will be covered by Russia and Belarus to reflect how long they worked within each territory (with Soviet times counted until March 13th, 1992). For example, if a Belarusian citizen was working in Russia during Soviet times but returned to Belarus to work on the collapse of the USSR, their pension is partly paid by the Russian Federation (for all labour undertaken there) while Belarus covers pension rights acquired during work in Belarus and in the former USSR. The document has a principally vital provision, granting each pensioner the right to choose where they apply for their pension, so that they might select whichever state’s option is more beneficial to them. This mechanism of interaction between our two states was approved in March 2007 and is currently working well.

All pensions are being paid on time, those to Belarusians from Russia and those to Russians from Belarus. So far, since 2007, 2,400 pensioners have moved from the Russian Federation to Belarus, with only 1,637 having left our country. The logic is clear. Many Belarusians have worked in Russia, and continue to do so; it is a large, wealthy state, offering great opportunities. Belarusian specialists take part in housing construction and development of oil deposits while also working in banks, trade and IT companies. If they wish to return to their homeland later in life, they can receive their pension from the state into whose pension fund they paid. According to statistics, 4,779 people in Belarus receive Russian pensions while Belarus transfers only 248 pensions to Russia — 20-fold fewer. Labour migration is evidently stronger towards the Russian Federation, while pension migration is observed in the opposite direction. This perhaps shows that a more comfortable level of life is offered in this small state at the centre of Europe. Various issues relating to allowances have been settled, such as those regarding temporary disability and maternity; these are paid by the state to which you gave your insurance contributions. Meanwhile, authorities at the place of residence should be applied to receive redundancy payments and allowances for

children, while employers are responsible for industrial accidents and work-related illness payments, in line with state legislation. Funeral grants are ensured by the state where you have lived, worked or received a pension, even if the latter was accrued in two countries. “We’ve managed to solve a range of issues important to citizens of both states, relating to their social provision,” notes Marianna Shchetkina, Belarus’ Minister for Labour and Social Protection. “Ensuring continuous pension payments for those who move within the Union State is of great importance. When pensioners move from one country to another, their pension will continue to be paid by the state which granted it, until the pensioners acquire the right to gain a pension in their new place of residence. This agreement has solved the burning problem of people having to wait a very long time to receive their pensions on moving from Belarus to Russia, because of the time taken to receive permission to stay.” This year marked the beginning of the next stage in Union State relationships. The new trilateral union includes Kazakhstan, with a Single Economic Space now being worked upon. A well co-ordinated foreign policy is the aim of the future. By Aelita Syulzhina

2010 беларусь.belarus

Machinery with double guarantee

Union State programmes aim to technically modernise agricultural production

elarusian agriculture has undergone major technical modernisation over the past 20 years. In the early 1990s, we manufactured just 10-15 percent of our own machinery and equipment; now, we cover over 90 percent of our machinery needs. Many of these machines match or surpass those of our foreign rivals in quality. Belarus’ Deputy Minister for Agriculture and Food, Vasily Pavlovsky, believes that Belarus is now ready to substitute all imports of agricultural machinery, due to the joint work of agrarian scientists from Belarus and Russia. A whole range of joint sci-tech programmes have been achieved in the agro-industrial complex, with some spheres now using domestically made machinery for the first time: flax, potato and vegetable growing.

In theory and in practice

Around 80 percent of our farming machinery has been designed by the National Academy of Sciences. According to the Director General of the Scientific-Practical Centre for Agriculture Mechanisation at the Belarusian NAS, Vladimir Samosyuk, it used to take around two years to create a new model, with almost the same time taken for field testing and to start up

беларусь.belarus 2010

mass production. This entire process now takes no more than 18 months, enabling farmers to receive advanced technologies more promptly. The current vegetable farming situation is perhaps the best example, since it was dominated by manual labour even five years ago. Now, investments are enabling mechanisation to arrive. According to Alexander Rapinchuk, who heads the Department for Harvest Mechanisation and Post-harvest Processing of Plant Products at the NAS’ Scientific-Practical Centre for Agriculture Mechanisation, Belarus used to have almost no specialised machinery for vegetable production. As a result, labour costs were 20fold higher than in grain production, making it unprofitable for farmers to grow cabbages, carrots, beets or greens, even though, by late winter, demand for vegetables inspired higher prices. 462m Russian roubles were spent on the 2005-2008 Union State Horticulture programme, which was the first step in overcoming technical backwardness in vegetable farming. Russia’s Agriculture Ministry and Belarus’ Ministry for Agriculture and Food were the main customers of the programme. Russian Formash JSC and the Belarusian NAS’ Scientific-Practical Centre for Agriculture Mechanisation

were the main participants of the project, creating a comprehensive solution to the ‘vegetable problem’. With new techniques and advanced technologies, as well as solutions to the processing issue, they’ve studied the situation ‘from field to final customer’. By improving the chain, the situation has been turned around in the shortest possible time. Moreover, a series of machinery has been developed to ensure the processing chain remains unbroken; it is now a strategic area in Belarus’ agro-industrial complex, initiated by the Scientific-Practical Centre for Agriculture Mechanisation at the Belarusian NAS. Due to the Union State programme, a whole range of new machinery for vegetable farming has appeared: from pre-sowing seed treatment units to post-harvest root-vegetable processing machines. Over three years, ten new technologies have been developed, as well as 26 varieties of import-substitution machinery and equipment, which are applied to the production, transportation and storage of horticultural products. A serious breakthrough has been achieved regarding processing, with canneries gaining access to 13 new technologies and 14 varieties of machinery and equipment; these replace more expensive foreign rivals, saving money. The Union State programme has encouraged further modernisation of vegetable growing farms. The ScientificPractical Centre for Agriculture Mechanisation has developed a cabbage harvester, which is currently undergoing field tests. Meanwhile, joint work with Russian colleagues continues, primarily regarding the growing of vegetables in greenhouses. At present, all equipment for Russian and Belarusian greenhouses is imported, despite domestic enterprises being capable of taking on the job of manufacture. A 200m Russian rouble project is being considered which could be implemented within a year if given the go ahead.

Flax and potato growing were once the pride and glory of Belarusian farming, but declined following the collapse of the USSR. Technical backwardness was to blame, so Potato and Flax programmes have been financed from the Union State budget almost simultaneously, to help revive such farming in Russia and Belarus. Although only a third of the funds for the Potato programme came through, due to the 1998 Russian default, the results have been pleasing. Machinery began to replace manual labour in Belarusian fields, with planting machines, cultivator cum-ridgers and travelling sorting stations used. After the joint programme was completed, the Scientific-Practical Centre for Agriculture Mechanisation independently continued developing technology for growing potatoes. According to Mr. Rapinchuk, potato growing farms can now acquire a complete range of specialised machinery, with around 50 machines available for aiding the production of our ‘second bread’. Many are truly worthy of the 21st century. For example, Snov Agricultural Production Complex in the Nesvizh district — one of the country’s most advanced farms — has launched a receiving and sorting station. It boasts the most contemporary technology, with tubers sorted carefully and

efficiently into various sizes and grades. The same is possible for onions, carrots and beets. A combined soil-processing planting machine operates in the Snov fields, able to perform five operations in a single run: soil preparation, potato planting, mineral fertiliser dressing, seed tuber treatment and ridging. Today’s market needs not only potatoes but potato-processing, so joint work on the Potato programme should clearly continue. The Flax programme is similarly important, with Belarusian enterprises manufacturing a whole range of machinery to aid the planting and harvesting of the crop. Over the past decade they’ve perfected seeding machines, flax harvesters, baling machines and flax pickup turners. All are up to 1.5-2-fold cheaper than foreign rivals, while offering good quality. Several have been highly praised by French Dehondt Technologies, which has been helping Dubrovno Flax Mill in Vitebsk region and Lidlen JSC in Grodno region to master European flax growing and harvest technologies. Collaboration with the French began two years ago, when an agreement was reached on the joint manufacture of flax harvesting machinery for Belarusian farms. The French visited a ScientificPractical Centre plant

to view production techniques and were greatly impressed by the equipment. They even placed an order for components, to be used at their own manufacturing facility in France. Co-operation has been rather successful, as our jointly produced flax harvesting machinery meets international quality requirements, as proven by an audit by French independent experts. Now, a contract to supply the first batch of machines is being implemented. According to Mr. Samosyuk, liaison with Dehondt Technologies has enabled us to advance 4-5 years in developing our flax growing machinery. In future, when fulfilling orders for CIS states, specialists from the Centre will be able to manufacture machinery tailored to soil and climatic conditions. At present, Udmurtia, alongside Russia’s Vologda, Smolensk and Tver regions, is keen to improve its flax harvests using machinery developed by Centre designers. Our scientists are eager to continuing working with their Russian colleagues on flax production, creating contemporary long flax fibre processing technologies, which are extremely popular on the world market. Joint work on the Flax-2 draft programme is already underway. By Lilia Khlystun

Belta

Return to former glory

2010 беларусь.belarus

Alexander Stodub

Certificate of knowledge Quality of education to follow global standards

ecently, the BelarusianR u s s i a n Un i v e r s i t y ’s Lyceum received the ISO 9001 certificate of quality, making it the first educational establishment in Belarus to gain international recognition. Last year, a similar document confirming a high level of quality management was issued to the Belarusian-Russian University (BRU). The Union State BRU has taken time to build, following approval back in 2000 via an intergovernmental agreement. In January 2001, Mogilev hosted a sitting of the joint collegium of Belarusian and Russian education ministries, which resulted in the decision to open a university. At the time, it seemed that it wouldn’t

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take long to create a new establishment. However, the order was only given by the Russian and Belarusian education ministries in 2003, with a charter registered and the university granted legal status. Now, the BRU is the first step towards creating a single educational space for Belarus and Russia. Meanwhile, university staff believe that further improvement is needed; the sky is the limit. The BRU’s acquisition of the quality management certificate for its lyceum (a structural subdivision) is worthy of pride. Preparations began in September 2009 before auditors from the Russian Register Certification Association arrived, finding no faults. From now on, it can be said to rival

similar establishments worldwide, since the certification confirms that students are receiving an education meeting all global standards. Germany, Austria, France, Japan and other countries acknowledge the BRU Lyceum as an efficient organisational-managerial structure. “This would have been impossible without the support rendered by the BelarusianRussian University,” says the Lyceum’s Director, Igor Golikov. “Our educational establishment has no problems with technical provision, boasting interactive and multimedia boards, as well as Internet access. Our students often participate in international Internet-Olympiads, finishing among the strongest rather than just turning up. The University covers all costs, allowing students to take part in the most prestigious scientific olympiads and contests — such as Sakharov and Vernadsky readings. Those winning prizes are offered entry to any Russian university they wish.” The Lyceum, like its elder ‘brother’, is gradually becoming a fully fledged Union State educational establishment. Russian scientists come to the BRU, to lecture to both University and Lyceum students. They search for potential students who can study at their universities. Almost all of the first alumni of the Lyceum have remained in Belarus but, now, half are going to Russia to continue their education at leading universities. Specialists note that the quality management system — developed and implemented by Belarusian-Russian University staff — is constantly improving, as confirmed by its ISO 9001 certificate. The UniversityLyc e u m c ompl e x i s g ai n i ng an advantage on the educational services market and Belarusian and Russian private sectors are ready to receive well-trained specialists. By Pavel Minchenko

Co-operation

Baltic circle ever expanding Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador to Latvia Alexander Gerasimenko tells us about the intensification of Belarus’ co-operation with the Baltic States in every direction

ear Mr. Ambassador! T hi s autumn, Riga is hosting important image making events for Belarus. The 8th National Belarus EXPO-2010 Exhibition recently finished, in addition to the Belarusian-Latvian Investment Forum. Not long ago, our Foreign Minister, Sergei Martynov, went to Latvia. What role does this country play in the field of economic modernisation, attracting foreign investments and strengthening the European vector in the Belarusian economy? For Belarus, Latvia is primarily a strategic trade-economic partner. In 2009, it occupied third place in terms of turnover beyond the CIS, while standing in second position for exports. Before the global financialeconomic crisis began, Belarus and Lithuania were witnessing steady positive dynamics of bilateral trade. Of course, the crisis has influenced the pace of Belarusian-Latvian mutual trade development. The unfavourable situation in foreign trade is the result of a sharp deterioration in the market situation, dwindling business activity and lack of demand. Exports have fallen, as have average prices, with reduced supplies of oil and chemical products most influencing the drop in

export revenue, in addition to limited rape seed sales. To restore its volume of exports, Belarus is gradually diversifying its supplies. From January-July

buses, trolley buses and other complicated machinery in Latvia is also under discussion. In addition, dozens of Latvian

I’m strongly convinced that the development of production co - operation between our countries will drive B elarusian-Latvian trade - economic interaction to a whole new level Alexander Gerasimenko 2010, deliveries of 105 new products were launched. Latvia is also a promising ‘venue’ for the establishment of co-operative collaboration and promotion of Belarusian products to the EU. At present, MTZ-Service (co-founded by M i n s k Tr a c t o r Wo r k s ) a n d Alkomtrans (MAZ’s de aler) are operational in Latvia. A range of promising projects are being studied, with Belkommunmash JSC and Riga Carriage Building Plant discussing the possibility of joint production of trams. Under Latvia’s initiative, AMO Plant (Jelgava) has begun assembly of MTZ tractors, for further sale to Asian and African markets. The assembly of

enterprises are receiving production components from Belarus, as well as chemical compounds. I’m strongly convinced that the de velopment of pro duc t ion cooperation between our countries will drive Belarusian-Latvian tradeeconomic interaction to a whole new level. Every year, investment collaboration between our two countries strengthens. In the first half of 2010, $29.6m of Latvian investments were attracted into Belarusian economy, including $20.1m of direct injections. Many have gone to the creditfinancial sphere. The liberalisation processes being obser ved in Belarusian economy

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Co-operation is strengthening Latvian investors’ assurance that they’ve made a correct choice in the direction of their capital injections. In 2009 alone, the number of companies using Latvian money rose by 47, totalling 397. Last year, 48 firms with Belarusian capital were registered in Latvia, with their total number reaching 631. From Januar y-July 2010, 54 companies with Belarusian funds were registered in Latvia, indicating Belarusian businessmen’s huge interest in Latvia and the realisation of their own commercial initiatives. Investment interaction is being observed in the spheres of industry, energy, public catering, real estate and construction. Meanwhile, co-operation in the field of transport and transit is an important aspect of our bilateral ties. Up to 70 percent of all Belarusian cargo travels via Latvia, with vessels travelling to third countries. In turn, Belarus is the second most important transit partner for Latvia, after Russia; in 2009, it took on 24 percent of Latvian Railway’s loading, in addition to 19 percent of Latvian ports’ goods. As a result, Belarusian-Latvian trade-economic relations are developing dynamically, boasting sustainable strategic partnership. As far as I know, new possibilities are opening up not only for business but regarding personal contacts between people… You’re right. During Mr. Martynov’s visit to Riga, an agreement was signed between the Latvian and Belarusian governments on the simplified order of mutual travels by those residing in the border regions. Hundreds of thousands of citizens from Belarusian and Latvian border regions will now be able to visit border territories in the neighbouring state using visas which range from one to five years. Their travel arrangements will be greatly simplified as a result. Among other important topic t a ck l e d du r i ng Mr. Mar t y n ov ’s meeting with Latvian top officials was

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economic co-operation, with focus on transport and transit. Much attention was paid to the competitiveness of the Belarusian-Latvian cargo route from third countries, from NorthSouth and East-West. The expansion of Belarus’ participation in the transEuropean transport network was also highlighted. The parties discussed promising projects in the field of

dialogue with the Northern Council and the Parliamentary Conference of the Baltic Sea. We liaise with the Baltic Ring Electricity Co-operation Committee and the Union of Baltic Cities and actively participate in the EU Baltic Sea Regional Programme for 2007-2013. Belarus is closely connected to the region via an extensive commu-

Valdis Dombrovskis and Sergey Sidorsky at the VIII National exhibition of Belarus in Latvia “BelarusEXPO-2010”

industrial co-operation; assembly facilities could be built in Latvia with the participation of Belarus’ industrial leaders. A session of the Belarusian-Latvian Intergovernmental Commission for Economic and Sci-tech Co-operation is to be held soon, studying a range of issues dealing with bilateral economic collaboration. Belarus has received observer status on the Council of Baltic Sea States. What opportunities does this open up? Since Belarus gained its independence, it has been steadily increasing its constructive contribution to various processes and forms of co-operation with the Baltic States. The Belarusian Parliament has established fruitful

nication network. Some of our routes boast centuries of history — such as the water routes along the Nieman and Zapadnaya Dvina. On July 1st, 2009, Belarus gained observer status on the Council of Baltic Sea States (one of the most authoritative organisations in the Baltic Region). This was the natural result of Belarus’ gradually developing interaction with the region. We are especially interested in activating co-operation with the Baltic States in the fields of energy, environmental protection, radiation security, h e a lt h prote c t i on an d c u s toms and b ord e r s e r v i c e s ( i nclu d i ng migration). Belarus has made certain proposals to the Council of Baltic Sea States,

Co-operation received an invitation to participate in the EU’s Northern Dimension Partnership, dealing with public health and social welfare. I’d like to especially note the assistance given by the CBSS in establishing partnership ties between children’s health establishments in the Baltic States and Belarus. A visit to the Children’s Cardiac Surgery Centre, at Minsk’s

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relating to collaboration in fields such as environmental protection, education, culture, energy, customs and migration; some have been realised already. Moreover, Belarus’ corresponding agencies and ministries are following up on these, showing our sincere intention to participate in the work of the Council, making an active contribution.

Belarus to establish co-operation with Baltic ports

This year, Belarus participated in the 2nd Baltic Sea Tourism Forum in Vilnius, held as part of Lithuania’s chairmanship of the Council of Baltic Sea States. Additionally, Belarus took part in the 8th Baltic Sea States Civil Protection Directors-General meeting in Vilnius. Specialists from the Interpol National Central Bureau in Belarus established interaction with the CBSS Working Group for Cooperation on Children at Risk. Belarus has appointed a national contact officer for children lacking parental guidance or who have fallen victim to human trafficking in the Baltic Sea Region; the person will participate in Working Group sessions. Wit h help f rom t he C ounci l of Baltic Sea States, B elarus has

One of the pavilions at the BelarusEXPO-2010 Exhibition

clinical hospital No.1, by Gabrielle Kötschau (the former Director of the Secretariat of the Council of Baltic Sea States), and by a German Professor of Medicine, Dr. Kramer, was a significant development. I’d like to stress again that states within the Baltic Sea Region are a priority for Belarus’ foreign policy. In this respect, our observer status on the Council of Baltic Sea States — a key regional organisation — is a formal acknowledgment of Belarus’ membership of the Baltic Region and an important step towards realising mutually beneficial joint projects. Work is under way regarding Belarus’ participation in the 11th Baltic Economic Forum. Who’ ll comprise the Belarusian delegation?

This year, B elarus is participating in the Baltic Economic Forum for the first time. Our PM, Sergei Sidorsky, is likely to attend its plenary session, delivering a speech regarding Belarus’ need for better access to the Baltic Sea Region, via domestic and foreign transport links. Mr. Sidorsky will meet representatives of business circles from the Baltic States and Scandinavia. Bilateral meetings are planned, in addition to four-sided talks between the prime ministers of Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia (the first of its kind). As you can see, our participation in the Forum is rich. I’m convinced it will yield fruitful results for our country’s co-operation, both with the Baltic States and their business communities. T h e t r i l at e r a l c o - o p e r at i o n of Belarus, Ukraine and Latv ia s ee m s inte resting. I recall that the Intergovernmental Latv ianBelarusian-Ukrainian Economic Commission has pointed out the important role played by Belarus as a stable transit state. Can you explain why our country has been so highly praised by these two neighbouring states? What are your views on BalticBlack Sea regional development? Belarus is traditionally viewed as a transit state, providing transport links between the East and the West. However, the South-North direction is no less important for us; it unites the Black and Baltic Sea regions. Our economic and political co-operation is expanding, creating foundations for establishing serious interregional projects in the spheres of transport and energy. Among the most significant transport-related examples are container train projects. Since 2003, the Viking container train has been successfully operating, uniting Ukrainian Ilyichevsk sea port and Lithuanian Klaipeda. In 2009, an alternative container train, called Zubr, also began travelling between Minsk and Riga. The potential of this

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Co-operation

By Nina Romanova

беларусь.belarus 2010

Image is all!

o learn about another country, it’s not enough just to visit as a tourist. You really need to live there, soaking up the atmosphere, while finding out about the traditions and people. Then, you can appreciate that we share far more than we might realise. Naturally, it’s beneficial to find something which unites us. It’s no easy task. Sadly, people often simply accept the stereotypes handed down by their ancestors. Centuries may have passed and civilisations have changed but, for some people, Rome is still associated with the Coliseum and America with cowboys, skyscrapers and Coca-Cola. When most think of Russia, they imagine bears and cold winters. It’s interesting to ponder how foreigners see Belarus, since these views shape today’s relations. Victor Shadursky, the Dean of the Belarusian State University’s International Relations Department, has trained thousands of specialists in promoting Belarus’ image abroad over the 15 years of his department’s existence. Mr. Shadursky, how do you assess the work of your graduates in creating our country’s image? The pro cess of presenting our country c ont i nu e s . It takes time and i s n’t y i e l d i n g results as quickly as we’d like but the fruits of our labours abroad are becoming more evident with

each passing year. Naturally, the creation of Belarus’ image is the work of more than one department, one year or, even, one generation. It can take centuries. Belarus has existed on the political map of the world for less than 20 years as an independent state. We shouldn’t compare ourselves w i t h t h e g l o b e’s leading powers in this way, but look at those states which have a

Vitaliy Gil

How does Belarus position itself in the world and how do Belarusians perceive foreigners

Vitaliy Gil

project has been highly praised by Estonia, with the route extended to reach Tallinn’s port. Energ y-related interaction is important for Baltic-Black Sea Region states, since it allows diversification of supplies. Latvia is keen to import Ukrainian energy via Belarus’ energy networks. I’d like to especially note the importance of interregional transport links, including pipe transportation. These are an alternative channel of supply. The existing Polotsk-Ventspils and Odessa-Brody pipelines are growing in importance, as they could be used to deliver Venezuelan oil to Belarus. My last question regards the B elar u sian-L at v ian Investme nt Forum. It’s including business representatives from the Baltic Sea Region (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Sweden and Finland) for the first time. Has Belarus’ circle of Baltic friends expanded? This year, we revamped the Forum’s traditional format, transforming it from a bilateral to a multilateral discussion. Belarus was able to speak to states from the Baltic Sea Region, which is one of the most economically developed in the EU — much owing to Scandinavia. Interestingly, the significant growth seen by Baltic economies upon joining the EU was connected with the arrival of Scandinavian financial structures. These invested dozens of billions of Euros in postSoviet Baltic republics. In my opinion, S candinavia’s commercial companies and financial structures are viewing Latvia as a venue for further expansion on the Belarusian market. It’s worth mentioning that interest in the Forum was huge. It gathered famous large businessmen, heads of banking structures and representatives of state and local authorities. This proves that interest in co-operation with Belarus is growing. Thank you for the interview.

Outlook

Artur Prupas

Reuters

Vitaliy Gil

similar background, environment, popul at i o n s i z e , a n d economic potential. Slovakia is a reasonable comparison. Why Slovakia? We have a great deal in common — not only our Slavonic languages, but our similar historical path. The major ‘construction material’ for contemporary Slovak and Belarusian nations of the 19th-early 20th century were peasants, since our ruling elite used to choose the culture and language of the dominating nations for several centuries. In our case, we were given Polish and Russian culture; Hungarian and Czech culture was characteristic for Slovakia. We share this. How else is Slovakia close to Belarus? I know that it has mountain ski resorts but our tourists still prefer the neighbouring Czech Republic… This is because Prague has always been a larger and more famous city. In Socialist times, prominent Slovaks headed Czechoslovakia (such as the leader of the Prague Spring, Alexander Dubček, who replaced Gustáv Husák). Meanwhile, political, cultural and tourist life was concentrated in Prague. It’s difficult for Slovakia — as a new state — to claim the status of a well-known country, especially since it doesn’t boast many resources. It’s a challenge for it to conduct powerful advertising campaigns abroad or open cultural and information centres in large cities. Belarus is in a similar situation. What do you tell those who’ve never heard of Belarus? First of all, Belarus is a compact and comfortable country, situated at Europe’s geographical centre. Secondly, it hosts a variety of cultures and religions. Thirdly, Belarus boasts rich history and

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A lot to be proud of!

culture. However, the problem is that Belarusian lands were ruled by other states for centuries; these states had no interest in the existence of the Belarusian nation. Fourthly, most of our educated, prosperous people emigrated. Despite hardships and suffering, not to mention the destruction of WW2, our nation has survived and developed. I fully agree with the former Ambassador of the USA to Belarus, Mr. Krol, who was sincere in expressing his adoration of our country. How have Belarusians managed to survive so many wars? Many nations have passed into history, but we remain. The best Belarus-born personalities are connected with other nations abroad: Kościuszko, Mickiewicz and Chagall, who are considered to be Polish or French… We’ll always be proud of those who were born in Belarus, brought up among Belarusians, regardless of the language they spoke or their passport nationality. They were born here and are our native people. Of course, it’s difficult to presenting Belarus to the world, since we are such a new state. However, Belarusians have existed for many centuries, although we were subsumed by Rus, Lithuania, Poland or Russia on the map. It’s very difficult to explain all this to a foreigner! Yes, it’s difficult, but not impossible, especially if foreigners are keen to learn more about our country. I’d like to repeat once again that we shouldn’t expect Belarus to become recognised immediately. We can’t compare it with large states in its process of image formation within the international arena. Nor should we forget that the super powers of Russia, China and the USA possess not only a positive image, but a whole range of negative stereotypes. We’ve only been independent since 1991; even if we spent half of our state budget on promoting Belarus abroad, we’d hardly create a major impact. People don’t form opinions this quickly. However, there’s no reason for pessimism. We

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Outlook teristics of our country. Three years later, our department has implemented joint projects with Prof. Hoffmann. His students are now preparing reports on our country. In January, a big delegation is to visit Minsk and I hope that Belarus will become closer and clearer to them. With what did those students associate Belarus? Americans have a specific view of the world. In the USA, people are more interested in their domestic affairs than what’s going on abroad. Only around 10 percent of Americans have passports, allowing them to travel to foreign states; clearly, they don’t feel the need to travel. The average American is only interested in Iraq or Afghanistan if their brother or son serves there. D o n’ t y o u t hi nk t h at m any Belarusians are also indifferent to events beyond our borders? I’ve met educated people who aren’t greatly aware of Belarus’ geography, let alone that of other countries. I think that our people often know more about events abroad than what’s going on at home. This situation is rooted in Soviet tradition, when lectures about the international situation gathered more listeners than films. Even schoolchildren attentively followed events in neighbouring states, as well as in Africa and Latin America. People knew more about Western states than the latter did about the USSR . A t first sight, it may seem paradoxical, since our citizens

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simply need to be determined and work towards a long-term goal. How are you promoting contemporary Belarus as a brand? How is fame created? Let’s look at sport. Not long ago, our football team crushed France. Can you imagine how many people around the globe were wondering what kind of country Belarus is? Thousands, even millions, of people followed the match — not only football fans. Sport unites a nation during world competitions. The match was followed all over the planet. Of course, some surfed the Net to learn more about our country’s location and history. This is how an unknown land is revealed to the world… We beat the Swedes in hockey at the 2002 Winter Olympics. Are such sporting victories the key to world recognition? Yes. This is why we’re focusing on developing sports. It’s an optimal way of achieving recognition from other countries. We should tell others about Belarus by all possible means, from the simple to the more complex. I’ll bring an example from my teaching experience. Three years ago, I met first year students from the Political Sciences Department of the University of St. Thomas (Minnesota, USA). I began my lecture by speaking about stages in Belarus’ history. My colleague, Prof. Hoffman, asked me to stop, asking the students, “Does anyone know anything about Belarus already?” Only half of those present had even heard of Belarus. I understood that it’s necessar y to start not with history but with a political map and the basic charac-

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had to read between the lines of official propaganda. Meanwhile, people in the West had wider access to information, yet hardly used it. In 1984, the Belarusian State University welcomed students from the USA. During an open discussion with our students, an American noted that he could read ‘Pravda’, ‘Izvestiya’ and ‘Literaturnaya Gazeta’ (Literary Newspaper) and ‘Communist’ magazine in his university library. He asked whether our students had access to ‘The Washington Post’, ‘The Wall Street Journal’ or ‘Time’ but, of course, our students had nothing to say. We could buy newspapers and magazines published by foreign communist and left-wing parties, but only at a shop run by the Foreign Languages Institute. However, the discussion showed that our students knew just as much about the history, culture and politics of the USA as the Americans — perhaps more. Regardless of official propaganda and an evident lack of information, Soviet people developed ide alistic stereotyp es regarding Western countries, which haven’t yet been overcome. Belarusians continue to believe that they ‘lag behind’ the West but this is an old stereotype. Professor Hoffmann, from Minnesota, visited Minsk in April and noted that Belarus is a beautiful country in every way. He sees people as being educated and hospitable and admires Belarusian students, who speak English well. He was also delighted by Belarusian cuisine and our rich culture and arts. Where did you take your friend? I invited him to visit the Opera and Ballet Theatre and the American professor was pleasantly surprised. It’s true that you need to tour various places to learn about the country: a station, a theatre, the city and countryside. On being welcomed into a village, he was surprised by our hospitality: a sauna and a table full of delicacies. I actually think that we, Belarusians, should by less hospitable! By Viktar Korbut

Panorama

Wealth of words At solemn ceremony dedicated to Day of Libraries, Culture Minister Pavel Latushko notes that Belarusians can be proud of their historical-cultural legacy

“B

elarusians have a rich cultural heritage. Firstly, it is rich in words — those of Yevfrosiniya Polotskaya and Kirill Turovsky, of Frantsisk Skorina’s Bible, of our literary classics like Kupala, Kolas and Bogdanovich, and of Korotkevich’s and Bykov’s historical texts,” noted Mr. Latushko. He commented on the symbolism

 Circle of friends Memorable twin cities plaque unveiled in Gomel’s Kirill Turovsky Public Garden

 Robot arrives at farm Recently, the final stage of contemporary stock breeding facilities came into operation at Khotily agricultural production co-operative in Postavy district of Vitebsk region

rom now on, 740 cows will be milked by an automated, robotic system, controlled by just five people. At present, each cow gives 23 litres of milk daily, on average, with the entire herd bred domestically. By late 2010, over 20 new farms and facilities are to be launched in Vitebsk region.

 Free reading of the Day of Libraries being celebrated on the eve of the 300th anniversary of Frantsisk Skorina’s Bible being printed and the 495th anniversary of the first Belarusian library being founded at Polotsk’s Sophia Cathedral. “These again confirm that Belarus boasts a rich cultural heritage and deep historical roots,” he stressed. Mr. Latushko asserted that, in recent years, the state has been focusing on developing its libraries — with the new National Library building standing as a wonderful example. In the past five years, 20 new libraries have opened countrywide, bringing the total number to over 9,000. Three thousand belong to the sphere of culture. Mr. Latushko believes it’s significant that almost half of the population are already registered as regular library users.

Vitebsk Regional Library launches Read a Book and Leave It exchange event — a popular trend in Europe

hos e taking par t in the book-exchange can leave their edition on a ‘safe shelf ’ in any public place, to be picked up and read by others, who then do likewise. Regional library employees have decided to send around 100 books from their home libraries into ‘free flight’. A ‘safe bookshelf ’ has been especially created for this purpose in the lobby. Anyone, even non-library members, can take any book.

t present, Gomel is twinned with 19 cities, including Fre nch C l e r mont - Fe r r and, Czech České Budějovice, C h i n e s e Hu a n g , S c o t t i s h Aberdeen, Ukrainian Chernigov and Russian Anapa, Armavir, Protvino and Br yansk. The plaque shows Gomel’s distance from all its twin cities, with arrows showing the correct direction. “Thirty three years have passed since a co-operative agreement was signed with Gomel,” noted Bernard Dantal, ClermontFerrand’s Vice Mayor, during the unveiling ceremony. “We’ve implemented many joint projects in various spheres and are always heartily welcomed in Gomel.” G omel’s C it y E xe c ut ive C om m itte e note s t hat t he plaque will be further improved. According to Victor Pilipets, the Chairman of the Gomel City Executive Committee, the ‘assets’ of twin city relations are e ver g row ing . Russi an Omsk and Kaliningrad have already announced their desire to s et up t w in cit y relations with Gomel, with protocols of intentions signed.

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Society

Family taken as priority Of all investments, those directed towards children’s needs are perhaps the most appreciated. At first sight, it’s impossible to ‘measure’ the economic benefit of such projects but we know that such injections are always repaid many-fold. This is especially true in reference to children who aren’t able to grow up in their original family environment

ive years ago, a clear priority appeared in Belarus’ state policy ; social orphans (children who have at least one living biological parent) who were being brought up in state orphanages and boarding schools would acquire new families. Years of practice have shown that children need a family environment to grow up with a positive, life-affirming attitude. Belarus has now taken important steps in overcoming the problems facing children without family guardians. What seemed incredible in the early 21st century has now been realised, with orphanages and boarding schools closing countrywide. The number of alternative forms of placement is ever growing, with 1,414 orphans (from 19 orphanages) transferred to new families in the past three years. Various forms of family life are available — from adoption and guardianship to foster care and family-type children’s homes. Naturally, all are regulated by legislation to ensure children’s safety. Moreover, the country has

revamped monthly child allowances, which are now the same for adoptive parents, guardians, foster parents and parent-teachers in new children’s homes. Belarus was the first post-Soviet country to introduce monthly allowances for adopted children, in 2000. Meanwhile, procedures of adoption and guardianship, as well as those governing the creation of foster families and family-based children’s homes, have been simplified.

This is my village

Belarus’ first children’s village opened in Borovlyany, near Minsk, in 1995. In August 2004, SOS Children’s Village International began operating in Maryina Gorka and the third village opened in Mogilev this summer. Similar facilities have also been set up in Kobrin and Minsk, with the foundations for future villages laid in Bobruisk and Minsk district. This vital project is being promoted with state aid and that of foreign charities. Famous international SOSKinderdorf has injected around 2m

euros into constructing a children’s village in Mogilev, with funds primarily raised in Germany. The Germans have been inspired into some extraordinary actions in pursuit of fundraising. For example, Wallbush, which manufactures men’s clothes, has won a place in the Guinness Book of Records for its Huge Shirt for Children event. It sewed a vest the size of a football field, which it then cut. Pieces were sold for 10 euros each — generating 500,000 euros for Mogilev’s village. Children’s villages are arranged as contemporary, cosy settlements, with an administrative building, a park zone and playgrounds. Each two-storey cottage is equipped with household appliances and environmentally green furniture, accommodating a family: a mother-teacher and 5 to 10 children. Each operates like a true family, with its shared concerns and joys. Young village residents are educated on site and can visit creative

 The construction of family-type children’s homes and children’s villages is helping reduce

the network of boarding schools for orphans. Annually, two family-type children’s homes open in Minsk and in each regional centre for families, adopting 5 to 10 children. At present, there are 132 such children’s homes in Belarus, as well as 14 cottage-type homes, which are currently housing children without other guardians, including those from boarding schools. New children’s villages in Minsk and Mogilev regions are preparing to welcome their first children in early 2011. All the above mentioned measures show that these children’s welfare is of utmost importance to the state. To grow up to be well-adjusted members of society, they need a loving, stable family environment. Accordingly, every effort is being made to ensure vulnerable children are well-provided for when left without maternal warmth and paternal care.

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Society workshops and sports clubs, as well as museums and theatres.

Home and family

Family-type children’s homes are also a successful form of placement in Belarus. Annually, two such homes, adopting 5-10 children, come into operation in the capital and in each regional centre. There are now around 140, with the last opening in Gomel. The latter boasts an unusual story, since, at the end of the last academic year, Gomel’s city authorities were obliged to close their comprehensive boarding school for orphans and children left without parental care. It was once the largest in the region, designed to accommodate almost 400. By the time of its closing, just over 60 children remained, with most finishing this year. However, by September, the fate of around 20 children still needed to be determined. “Most of the children have been welcomed by adoptive and foster families,” notes Gomel’s Mayoral Office. “Some were being sent to other social institutions in the region when, suddenly, Svetlana Kalinina — a te acher of the former boarding s cho ol

— proposed the setting up of a familytype children’s home for her group of seven children. She’d worked with them for seven years before the institution closed.” The city authorities responded immediately but lacked any suitably sized flats or houses to offer Ms. Kalinina and her pupils. It was impossible to construct something within a month, while the children recuperated in Italy. However, the city authorities couldn’t reject the idea; they decided to temporarily accommodate the children in one of the buildings of the closed boarding school, prepared for them within just a few days. Repairs were made and the building was equipped with the necessary furniture and household appliances. Next year, a cottage-type house is to be built for the children, in a new city suburb. The new family comprises Veronica Kalinina, aged 8, 11 year old Vitaly Galkin, Nastya Ogorodova and Mikhail Zaitsev, both 12, Tolya Stepchenko and Arten Belousov, both aged 13, and 14 year o l d

Zhenya Konstantinov. The courageous hostess of the new home resembles a fresh graduate of the pedagogical university. She cooks doughnuts in the huge kitchen and the children call her mother. “Believe me, we’re happy that everything has worked out,” notes Svetlana. “I couldn’t leave them after spending so many years together; I’m their only kindred spirit.” Zhenya Konstantinov is the eldest in the family. He couldn’t bear the thought of leaving his mother and sworn brothers and sisters. For the past five years, an Italian family has been trying to adopt him, but difficulties arise every time. Finally, the Belarusian authorities approved the adoption and Zhenya began preparing for his move. However, as soon as he learnt about the family-type children’s home, he decided to stay in Belarus. “Yes, I made the decision,” Zhenya explains, as he studies how to use a new microwave oven. “While we were living at the boarding school, we dreamt of such a family, where we could all live together with our mother, Svetlana Vladimirovna. I’ll visit my Italian friends for vacations, of course; they’re very glad that I have a family now.” By Violetta Dralyuk

Fosterer of the family-type children’s home Svetlana Kalinina and her children (Gomel)

2010 беларусь.belarus

Investments resorts area Former manors of aristocracy around Lake Naroch await investors

he land around Belarus’ largest lake — Naroch — is perfect for investments, primarily those relating to tourism. Each year, new private guesthouses appear, ready to welcome customers. The

Its unique landscapes, mineral water, pine and mixed forests, mild climate and historical and cultural treasures are attracting both domestic and foreign tourists. However, we’re failing to attract ‘live’ money as there’s no normal infrastructure.” The Head of State believes that the insufficient development of the tourist industry, trade, and public and other services is to blame. “This is only a small part of

for the resort zone. Around 40m euros of investors’ funds are needed, with businesses enjoying preferential terms for real estate, profit and land taxes for a 5 year period. Investors will also be exempt from some other payments. B elar us’ Sp or ts and Tourism Minister, Oleg Kachan, notes that, in recent years, ever more foreign citizens have been visiting the Naroch Lake area. In 2006, 54,400 Belarusians

House overlooking pearls Culture Ministry has ordered several deserted old manors to become rural tourism sites, with investors invited to inject money into their modernisation.

Green light for investors

After analysing the 2011-2015 draft state programme to develop the Lake Naroch resort area, President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko has decided that ‘the Naroch Lake area is a true pearl of Belarus’. He asserts, “This is a unique area, a unique place, which lacks a corresponding setting.

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The ancient landlord mansion is included into the list of top sights of Gomel

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the problems facing the Naroch Lake region; we should solve them immediately, within the next 2-3 years, although we plan to settle them within five years.” The Naroch Lake area is to become a European level resort within five years, with the Belarusian President emphasising the need to attract private and foreign investments, while creating favourable conditions for capital injection. He notes that Belarus’ unique location — at the centre of Europe — will guide our future success and stresses that ‘our purity, unrivalled worldwide’ will develop ‘if we view nature holistically’. He asserts, “The civilised world has no other such place where people live — pure and untouched. We can welcome those seeking relaxation and recuperation, via communication with nature.” Around 110m euros are being allocated from the state budget to implement the 2011-2015 state programme for Lake Naroch, with 17 investment projects already outlined

recuperated there, joined by 2,700 foreigners; 2009 saw 76,700 and 21,500 people correspondingly. The resort area encompasses 143 towns, boasting around 22,000 residents, including Myadel, Svir and Naroch. According to the draft state programme, the Naroch Lake resort zone is being expanded to 90,000 hectares — around 45 percent of the total area of Myadel district. The Head of the Belarusian state particularly accents the need to build houses and guesthouses around spa resorts, with plenty of accommodation to welcome tourists and nature lovers wishing to spend a few days in the countryside. “Houses and guesthouses should be constructed around these large sites. At least ten should be built and completed by late 2014.”

Noble nests

Several estates in Myadel district are available to investors. Olshevo (once owned by the Khominski noble family) is part of the Narochansky

resorts area Investmentse The former distillery building, made from solid stone, stands near the road by the stables. Tatiana Khodanovich, the Chair of the Syrmezh Rural Executive Committee and Rural Council, believes that restoring these buildings to accommodate a café, a restaurant and a motel wouldn’t require great funds. A fish farm, entitled Shemetovo Ponds, also remains, being home to pike

belonged to the prominent Sapegi family — known throughout Belarus, Poland, Lithuania and Ukraine. Tw o s h o p s ( o n e p r i v a t e l y owned and the other one run by the district consumer society) occupy household buildings in front of the Entrepreneurship Centre. They were once used to store flour, cereal, meat and beer, and still store food products; times change but traditions remain.

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National Park, with only one part of a house wall remaining, almost hidden among the undergrowth. It’s a perfect site for new construction, with a terraced park ready to be cleared and restored — being a nature monument. Before WW2, it was a perfect farm, with its own power plant, distillery, barns, smithies, dairy and brickyard factories, alongside several shops. The owner even funded a free school for

Modern Haroch

rural children. The experience of past years shows that this land boasts great potential. The remains of Shemetovo estate belong to Mezhozerny Krai agricultural production co-operative. The ruined walls remain strong, despite being over a century old, since good bricks were used. The priest of the local Catholic church has even restored one of the buildings as his residential flat. Shemetovo is known more for its Catholic church than for the estate of the Sulistrovskis and Skirmunts. The ancestors of Dmitry Shostakovich were baptised there and often visited the church. It boasts hundred century old amazing stained-glass windows, with the remains of the estate’s former owners entombed in its crypt. Parishioner Tereza Gabrun shows us a commemorative wreath laid near a tomb, which reads ‘to our grandfathers from their grandchildren’. It dates from 2004. Descendants of the Skirmunts are alive and well, residing in Poland. They may help find generous investors.

and various carp. The ponds are owned by the Narochansky National Park with the state planning to keep ownership. Investors are gradually appearing, keen to improve the resort area around Lake Naroch. One group of enthusiasts, headed by Eduard Voitekhovich, recently received an EU grant to revamp a piggery as a Rural Entrepreneurship Support Centre. It is located on the old Starzhinski estate in Komarovo (located between Shemetovo and Olshevo). Its red-brick buildings are in good condition, housing the Centre and a branch of Belarusbank. A long wooden house — currently empty — stands nearby the Entrepreneurship Centre; Mr. Voitekhovich plans to open a restaurant serving national cuisine within its walls. The main Starzhinski home is to be converted into use as a conference hall, with a library and a museum. The manor is situated deep in the park but is easily recognisable by its ‘Lis’ emblem (an arrow with two crossbars) on the façade. The same emblem also

Romantic manor

Several guesthouses around Lake Naroch are already using private capital. Previously, there was nowhere for tourists to stay close to ancient Golshany and Krevo. Now, there’s Benyuny estate, in addition to Rodzevichi, near Volozhin. Their restoration is being overseen by the Director of the Castles Land Foundation, Alexander Varikish, who is also an experienced guide. “Of course, castle ruins are interesting, but tourists want to feel the past come alive, imagining themselves living in a true noble manor, once occupied by Belarusian aristocrats. We give them this opportunity, even serving dishes from those times.” Massive arches remain on the Benyuny estate, like those at Mir Castle, while the second storey is wooden, as is traditional for a true Belarusian house. Lime and maple avenues stretch out nearby, alongside a pond; it’s a perfect picture. Mr. Varikish has organised knights’ tournaments here several times, in addition to royal balls and a show at Rodzevichi. He is

2010 беларусь.belarus

Investments resorts area keen to use these ancient buildings to meet our modern needs but has kept their appearance, restoring them in romantic style. He also collects oldfashioned furniture, acquiring items from local residents.

Any whim can be met

Mr. Varikish notes, “In Belarus, there are dozens or even hundreds of guesthouses awaiting hosts. You can go to any architectural Internet website and find a manor to suit your taste.” The country boasts great potential regarding its historical monuments, which could be used for tourism or other activities. In the early 20th century, there were over 3,000 noble estates in Western Belarus alone. According to researchers Anatoly Fedoruk and Leonid Nesterchuk, there are 250 guesthouses in the Brest region and 290 in Grodno region, with some available for sale to Belarusian citizens and foreigners alike, on application to the local authorities. The final decision is made by the Culture Ministry. Natalia Khvir, who heads the historical and cultural heritage protection sector at the Culture Ministry’s Department for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Heritage and Restoration, guarantees that a liberal approach will be applied to investors. “Choose any guesthouse and, if you are ready to inject money, you’re welcome. According to world practice, a building may be sold for a token payment, e.g., of $1. The same situation is to be applied in Belarus, with the price determined at auction. Investors are only obliged to restore the site and use it in line with its purpose of agro-ecotourism.” Investors with funds and enthusiasm should apply to the cultural department of whichever regional executive committee controls the desired location. Information about guesthouses, with photos, is available online, on the websites of regional executive committees. By Viktar Korbut

беларусь.belarus 2010

Good chances In 2011, several more Belarusian sites could be added to UNESCO World Heritage List

ccording to Victor Kurash, Belarus’ Deputy Culture Minister, Saviour Transfiguration Church and Sophia Cathedral in Polotsk are being proposed for addition as the spiritual legacy of St. Yevfrosiniya Polotskaya. Moreover, the wooden architecture of Belarusian Polesie, as well as the Avgustovsky Canal (a trans-boundary proposal jointly with Poland) could join the list. “We’re liaising closely with UNESCO to register more Belarusian sites and I believe our chances are pretty good. The addition of the River Dnieper’s area of

Looking beyond the horizon Belarus sees increased tourism to the United Arab Emirates, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and India (globally known for Goa’s beaches)

he Eastern states are traditionally fashionable among Belarusian tourists, with many now choosing cruise ships over hotels, travelling from Tallinn to Helsinki or Moscow to St. Petersburg.

natural beauty is being jointly supported by Russia and Ukraine, while Brest Fortress fortification structures are also being submitted for the list. The latter isn’t just an historic site with an heroic past but a unique defensive structure architecturally,” stresses Mr. Kurash. St. Boris and St. Hleb’s Church in Grodno also has a chance of being listed. Almost 5,000 sites have been recognised as historical and cultural treasures in Belarus, with four adopted by UNESCO’s World Heritage List: Mir Castle; the Architectural, Residential and Cultural Complex of the Radziwiłł Family at Nesvizh; the Struve Geodetic Arc; and the Belovezhskaya Pushcha (which is registered jointly with Poland as a unique nature site). Cr uis es throug h the Black and Mediterranean seas are also popular. Many Belarusians are also taking weekend breaks to neighbouring states (primarily, Lithuania and Poland) or making trips to Greece and Israel. Tour ist comp anies note t hat m a ny p r e f e r p a c k a g e t o u r s — primarily to Milan, Warsaw, Munich and Dubai. Event tourism is also proving popular. In the first half of 2010, the number of Belarusians going abroad rose 15 percent, to reach 3m. From January-May 2010, tourist revenue exiting the country grew 43 percent (against the same period of 2009) — reaching $13.5m.

resorts area Investmentse

Near Avgustovsky Canal Avgustovsky Canal attractions should encourage investments into infrastructure along Polish-Belarusian border an Internet site has been launched; and tourist equipment has been purchased. Optimistically, 80 percent of tourists visiting Polish Podlasie — or about 300,000 people annually — wish to travel further, into Belarus. Accordingly, the Belarusian-Polish border region needs to develop its tourist infrastructure. However, 80 percent of those polled have said they would never kayak, so other forms of active water tourism are required. The canal must be navigable — as ensured by Belarus in reconstructing its section; the Poles now need to do the same. At present, ordinary bridges operate at two renewed floodgates in Poland, making it impossible for ships to pass and some problems may arise regarding the size of vessel able to pass. According to statistics, tourism trends worldwide are shifting from the collective to the individual, with compact, comfortable yachts more in demand than large steamboats. This is confirmed by Polish tourism experience, where small boats enjoy greater popularity. Interestingly, large expensive hotels situated along the canal are less popular. People prefer to camp or

stay in motels, or cheaper accommodation. Even sanatoriums are less in demand, with only those offering diagnostics, spa procedures and active leisure activities enjoying popularity. Parks offering active pursuits are doing well, inspiring Belarus to consider creating these on its side of the Avgustovsky Canal. Investors have so many projects to choose from. The EU’s Poland-Belarus-Ukraine project has opened up new prospects for injecting funds into the tourist zone. Importantly, Poles are only eligible for grants if they have a partner in Belarus or Ukraine, so are keen to initiate joint projects. 186m euros are available, of which Belarus could receive a third. Grodno’s regional department of the Republican Tourist-Sport Union has applied to the EU commission to establish training for making applications, with technical aspects already being studied. Belarusians and Poles have jointly prepared proposals to further develop the Avgustovsky Canal’s tourist infrastructure. Much work lies ahead to make the unique water route popular, able to attract holidaymakers and generate revenue for our two states. By Lidia Veremeeva

Belta

ay a k i n g a l on g t h e Avgustovsky Canal, cycling along its banks, walking through natural landscapes and dining over an open fire are some of the activities offered to tourists, as outlined at the final Unknown Europe project conference, entitled Developing Tourist Infrastructure in the Polish-Belarusian Border Region Near the Avgustovsky Canal and the River Nieman. The Belarusian co-ordinators of the project are keen to show Polish partners how EU money has been spent over the past two years (since September 2008). Taking part in the project have been heads of regional authorities and representatives of sport and tourism structures, custom and border services, tourist organisations, the Euroregion Nieman bureau and the TACIS programme, as well as scientists, publishers and journalists. They presented the results of their two year efforts at the final conference, showing that all outlined targets had been met: the first information-tourist centre has been launched in Grodno; 210km of tourist routes have been marked; guides and tourist maps through the Belarusian Grodno region and Polish Podlasie have been published in six languages;

2010 беларусь.belarus

Rally

MAZ to join major arenas Minsk Automobile Works has a lot to offer to amateurs in the field of engines and high speed

Alexander Stodub

ur country now has its own fully-fledged team, able to cover thousands of kilometres of the world’s largest rallies. MAZ made its debut on the international sporting arena 24 years ago,

in 1986. On learning that Czech LiAZ (significantly below MAZ in standing) had finished third in the Dakar rally, young MAZ specialist Alexander Senkevich decided it was time that Belarus became involved. The following year, Sovtransavto’s Sergey Belko entered the

Hungarian Grand Prix — as part of the European Truck Championship; his vehicle was barely modified. Later, Gennady Drapkin took silver and bronze at events in Belgium and the UK, driving for the MAZ team. However, efforts then fell by the wayside. The MAZYarovit team performed in the Truck Trial Championship but Dakar and other rallies — the most prominent driving tournaments — remained a dream. Now, however, these dreams are being revived. “Unfortunately, the economic difficulties of the 1990s forced us to take a break from

MAZ trucks prepared to participate in sports events

беларусь.belarus 2010

News

Rich medals crop Five medals won by Belarusian artistic gymnastics team at World Championship, held in Moscow

Belta

MAZ team

sports events,” admits the Deputy Director General of Minsk Automobile Works, Alexander Rakomsin. He now heads MAZ’s rally activities. “We’ve now managed to form a team; participation in such events isn’t purely for sporting purposes. It allows us to demonstrate our machinery, testing it while building our reputation. We’d like to show that, despite all difficulties, MAZ is alive and kicking; it will survive as long as Belarus exists.” Much has been spoken of trucks being the most ‘strategic’ class in the Dakar race, since Africa and Latin America (where the Dakar has moved) have few paved roads. Heavy transport vehicles, which can run anywhere, are in great demand among the local population. Of course, it’s not easy to break into this elite racing world. Belarusians are the only newcomers in the Silk Road race, opening a new page in MAZ sporting history. A vehicle has been built to rival such monsters as Tatras, with the factory designing it from scratch and using very few imported components. Time will show whether it’s the correct approach. Now, the team needs to concentrate on navigating and driving, finding their weaknesses and working to improve them. “Frankly, I don’t have much experience of truck competitions,” admits the Belarusian team driver, Piotr Orsik (who works as a test driver). In 1997, I participated in the Baikonur-Moscow rally for MAZ and then joined the ArgentinaChile race. The major issue is that we

haven’t managed to trial the machine under real conditions, having only driven along the Brest-Moscow route and through an open pit near Zaslavl. It seems to be a good vehicle, but I can’t say too much yet.” The new MAZ, which is inspired by its mass produced 5309, also draws on the experience of KamAZ colleagues, who were addressed for advice. However, bringing it to life is a challenge when the sand dunes and rocks of Dakar lie ahead. “This rally will be a reconnaissance for us, since the vehicle isn’t yet ready for serious tasks,” admits Andrey Rudnitsky, who was the Sporting Director of the BMW X-Raid Russia team at the last Dakar event. He’s now acting as navigator for the Belarusian team. “To do more than just begin and finish, we have much to achieve. For example, we need two ‘combat’ vehicles and several technical vehicles, as well as experience. All the rival trucks are 90 percent similar to each other technically. The remaining 10 percent, which influence the trucks’ final positions, include modifications. Of course, the human factor is also important.” Our team isn’t promising quick victories in its first competitions, but is trying to approach its task seriously and with consideration. However, they do agree that vehicles of this class are created worldwide with only one goal — to conquer the Dakar rally. The debut of the Belarusian team is scheduled for next year. By Dmitry Komarov

ur Belarusian graces have brought home two silver and three bronze medals. Melita Stanyuta opened the score — taking bronze for her exercise with the skipping rope. With Lyubov Cherkashina, Anna Ryabtseva and Alexandra Narkevich, she also took silver for the team event, behind all-time leader Russia. In the all-round, Stanyuta again closed the top three, behind Russian Yevgenia Kanaeva and Darya Kondakova. There were no other individual wins for the Belarusian squad, although Lyubov Cherkashina came fourth for her exercises with the ball and with the ribbon (followed by Stanyuta in the latter).

Our Belarusians were considered favourites in the group exercises, with Ksenia Sankovich, Alina Tumilovich, Marina Goncharova, Anastasia Ivankova and Alexandra Osipova capturing silver in the all-round, defeating the host team. Italy took gold. In the event with five hoops, our girls made a mistake, dropping a hoop; they were placed seventh as a result. However, in the exercise with three ribbons and two skipping ropes, they earned bronze. In the team standings, the Russian gymnasts finished first, with eight gold, five silver and one bronze medal. Italy was second while Belarus was third. Yevgenia Kanaeva collected the richest crop: four gold medals.

2010 беларусь.belarus

Admirations

Loud W echo

Alla Lapanovich admiring with mushroom harvest

беларусь.belarus 2010

Aloizas Yunevich

Mushroom championship — hosted by Polotsk district for the second year — gaining in popularity

e all have an inner sense of competition and adventure, loving to find out who can throw a mobile phone further, drink as much beer as possible or cook the largest pizza. You can even compete to discover who can gather mushrooms the quickest. Polotsk District Executive Committee has taken the idea in both hands to organise such an event. With its plentiful forests, where many mushrooms grow, it’s no surprise in truth. Porcini, chanterelle and honey agaric fungi are there for the taking. The village of Dretun, 50km from Polotsk, is called Belarus’ mushroom capital. Last year, the first mushroom championship was organised there, with teams given 3.5 hours to gather their booty. This September, Dretun hosted the second competition, attracting about 500 eager hunters. Over twenty years ago, mushroom picking was prohibited, due to a large military complex being situated nearby. In the early 1980s, it hosted ‘Zapad’ (West) training for the Warsaw Treaty divisions and NATO observers. These were commanded by the USSR Defence Minister, Dmitry Ustinov. The number of soldiers was huge; the mobile bakery had to bake 5-6 tonnes of bread daily! “As the tanks and planes went by, our windows rattled,” recollects the Chairman of Maloe Sitno Village Council, Irina Bondarenko, who came to the area in 1986. “After the USSR collapsed, the complex fell into neglect, the military left and Dretun, which has no agricultural enterprises, became calm and peaceful.” 316 people live in the village, which has a doctor (and an ambulance car), a club and a shop. At present, 25 children attend the local school, while 12 go to the kindergarten. Druten Forestry is the only enterprise. “It employs 236 people,” notes Forestry Director Valentina Petrova. “Some come to work here from Polotsk and neighbouring districts. We protect and tidy the forest, cutting logs for processing companies. It’s not an easy job but it’s well paid. There are rarely vacancies open.”

Admirations “I happily returned to my native village after graduating from Polotsk Lyceum,” admits welder Sergey Ivanov. “I’m now settling into a new house with my wife and three year old son, built by our Forestry. The surrounding landscapes are beautiful and the air is clean. It’s no great surprise that the mushroom championship is organised here.” People say that, some days, only a couple of cars pass through Druten. However, on Saturday — when the mushroomers gathered at the school to weigh their ‘harvests’ — local road police had to be called in! Participants arrived with baskets, buckets, boxes and sacks. “We were lucky to find a large honey agaric colony!” proclaimed Alla Lapanovich, from the Zelenka Village Council team, tired but happy. “There are so many mushrooms in the forest! Our result would have been even higher if we’d had more time.” On hearing this, I thought about this ‘higher result’. The championship’s winners — a team of four from the village of Borovukha, in the Polotsk district — collected 123 kilos! Meanwhile, the largest mushroom was found by Nikolay Karasev, from the village of Goryany. His porcini weighed 870 grams. While the championship’s organisation committee calculated the results, I walked through Dretun. There was a feeling that the event was a true holiday for the village. No doubt, local residents, organisers and participants will remember it for a long time. Polotsk artistes entertained the public near the local House of Culture, while local women offered Belarusian dishes — including mochanka (a thick soup mixed with lard, accompanied by hot pancakes). Herbalists from neighbouring villages were selling natural forest tea and amulets, while entertaining with promises of a true ‘elixir of youth’. “We keep its recipe secret but can reveal that it consists of marjoram, mint, thyme and St. John’s Wood, among other ingredients,” admitted the main herbalist, librarian Irina Bondarenko, from Maloe Sitno village. “Our grand-

mothers knew well how to treat illness without medicine and we want to revive this ancient art. The mushroom championship in Dretun is a wonderful opportunity for us to show what we’ve achieved in this field.” Mushroom gathering can be a source of fun, or a true business. Specialists from Polotsk’s consumer co-operative and four Druten villagers are involved in mushroom provision. “I pay more for a kilo of porcini and chanterelle than state-run procurement agencies,” notes Dretun’s Yuri Alipov, who purchases mushrooms for a private company. “Every day, I buy a hundred kilos. Those specialising in mushroom gathering can easily earn up to $600 a month.” “Aren’t you afraid that people will deplete the local forests of mushrooms during this competition?” I asked him. However, his reply was immediate, “This is impossible. There are enough mushrooms here for everyone.” The competition’s organisers are also unafraid of harming the ecological balance. Poltsk District Executive Committee believes that the event only benefits the area. “This year, we’ve broken all the records of the first championship regarding the number of participants and mushroom volumes. However, this is not the real aim,” stresses the Deputy Chairman of Polotsk’s District Executive Committee, Piotr Petkevich. “With the help of TV companies covering our unusual event, Dretun is now known not only in Belarus and Russia but further abroad. This is very important since we wish to develop not just as a Mecca for mushroom gatherers but as a true paradise for lovers of ‘green’ tourism, including fishermen and hunters.” Dretun already has several farmsteads ready to welcome tourists and two hunting lodges are being completed nearby — each able to accommodate up to six guests. “You’ll soon be able to find all necessary information on the regions’ tourist possibilities on Polotsk District Executive Committee’s site,” Mr. Petkevich assures us.

Dolls for happiness Belarusian Lyalka Eco-Museum in Strenki village of Gomel region to restore pagan puppet making traditions

ince ancient times, children have been encouraged to play with dolls, since it teaches the running of the household, promoting necessary family experience. Dolls have been more than just toys, symbolising the continuation of family and guarantee of family happiness. The ‘Baba’ puppet, created from ash and clay, represented the female divinity; it was passed through the female line, from grandmother to granddaughter, symbolising womanhood, home and family. ‘Nerazluchniki’ was often given at weddings, showing husband and wife connected under one fate, with a common hand, symbolising that they should overcome all difficulties together. Harvest was a time of ceremonial customs, to ensure crops were brought safely in. The hostess would make a ‘Zernavushka’ or ‘Krupenichka’ puppet, to ensure prosperity. It protected the harvest until the next year, with the first grains for sowing taken from ‘Zernavushka’. The co-ordinators of the project are confident that restoring the traditions of Belarusian puppet making, particularly the opening of the museum, will promote the traditions of family education and the study of folk customs.

By Sergey Golesnik

2010 беларусь.belarus

Festivals

Splendour T of palaces

he festival closed with a bright fire-show, with ar ti s te s p er for m i ng somersaults while juggling dozens of flaming torches. Ancient culture came alive inside the walls of the Sapegis’ Castle in Golshany.

Golshany: the show must go on!

Aloizas Yunevich

Golshany Castle festival has been organised for the second year near Oshmyany, 20km from the Minsk-Vilnius motorway, attended by representatives of knights’ clubs from Belarus and abroad. Visitors were treated to spectacular shows while troupes performed medieval music to recreate the spirit of the Middle Ages

This year, the Golshany Castle event was dedicated to the castle’s 400th anniversary, as well as to the 730th anniversary of Golshany’s foundation, the 605th birthday of Sophia Golshanskaya (who founded the dynasty of PolishLithuanian kings — the Jagiellons) and the 600th anniversary of the Battle of Grunewald. Each event was illustrated by a short theatrical performance. The knights’ and archers’ tournaments were spectacular. Dressed in authentic armour and costumes, modern knights entertained the audience with their mastery of the sword, spear and bow. Zmiter Sosnovsky, the leader of Stary Olsa band and the festival’s organiser, notes that Belarus has never before seen such an event dedicated to medieval culture, with so many activities and guests. Next year, the Festival is expected to be even brighter and more spectacular. The Chairman of Oshmyany District Executive Committee, Yuri Adamchik, stresses that the major task of the Festival is to support artistic teams and entrepreneurs working to revive our national historical-cultural heritage. It’s high time that culture figures, local authorities and businessmen focused on a single goal — the revival of original traditions. Mr. Adamchik is pragmatic about the prospect of all branches of civil society co-operating, “Much money is needed to restore our castle but the district budget lacks such funds. However, we cannot leave it as it is, as its walls will continue decaying. I believe this old building needs conservation and that the whole palace-and-park

беларусь.belarus 2010

News

Unique instrument now resides in Minsk

estate should be open to tourists. Only these measures will help us preserve its unique aura, embellished with legends.” Back in 2007, Br100m were spent on Golshany Castle — in line with a programme for cultural and artistic development. Observation sites and paths were created. Now, a neighbouring pond is being revamped. Minsk architect Igor Rokhansky has developed a concept to conserve the castle’s ruins and restore its tower — to host a museum and café. It has already been approved by the Belarusian branch of the International Council on Monuments and Sites (IСOMOS).

17th century violin by Andrea Guarneri acquired by Belarusian State Academy of Music

Ruzhany: excursions guided by children

Another palace of the Sapegis is being reconstructed in Ruzhany, between Brest and Minsk. Vladimir Kazakov, heading the project, is convinced that, once the work is complete, the 17th century architectural monument will attract tourists. “This is one of the most unique places in Belarus. Even now, people come to Ruzhany. However, our castle will become more interesting to Belarusians, Poles and Russians when two of its wings open and reconstruction of its eastern block begins.” Belarus’ Culture Minister, Pavel Latushko, is proposing that an entry fee be introduced. Local children already know how to make money, offering excursions over the palace-and-park estate. The Sapegis’ Palace is Ruzhany’s calling card. It was largely destroyed during WWI but, in 1930, was partially restored. After WWII, only the main and eastern blocks survived, in addition to the gates and wings.

Kossovo: bowing to Kościuszko

By 2015, Kossovo Palace will be fully restored. The village near Brest is known as the homeland of Tadeusz Kościuszko — the national hero of Poland and the USA. The Palace initially belonged to the Puslovsky family, as Leonid Nesterchuk, the Secretary of the Co-ordination Council for the Protection of Historical-

Cultural Heritage at Brest Regional Executive Committee, explains. He notes that 500,000 Euros were allocated this year to revive this unique site, with money used to mend the roof and its frame. By 2011, the roof will have been fully completed and inner decoration will commence. Kossovo Palace could become a modern hotel-tourist complex, if financing is provided. Mr. Nesterchuk stresses that, in the past, owner Vandalin Puslovsky only received visitors interested in seeing Kościuszko’s homeland. In future, a real memorial is likely to be built. “I think it’s quite possible to finish reconstruction by 2015,” asserts the Deputy Culture Minister, Vladimir Karachevsky. 19th centur y Kossovo Palace resembled a gothic-style Western European castle, with over a hundred rooms, all of which differed from one another. The White Hall hosted balls while the Black Hall was used to play cards. Some say the latter’s walls were covered with black marble, while another room had a glass floor beneath which fish swam. It’s already known that Kossovo Palace plans to offer VIP rooms and presentation halls for guests. By Viktar Korbut

he violin, made by Florian Leonhard Fine Violins (London), was manufactured in Italian Cremona in 1673, with the bow produced by a master called Henry in the late 19th century. The authenticity of the unique violin and the bow has been certified by Russian expert Mikhail Goronok — Director of the State Collection of Unique Musical Instruments at the Russian Culture Ministry’s State Museum and Exhibition Centre — and by Prof. Eduard Kuchinsky — the Violin Chair at the Belarusian State Academy of Music. The instrument’s integrity, quality of restoration, timbre and bow quality were all assessed.

The most talented violinists from the Academy of Music will be allowed to play Guarneri’s unique instrument at prestigious international contests and at important concert events.

2010 беларусь.belarus

eMusice tours

Victor Babarikin:

‘Good music is the key’ One of the most prestigious concert halls in the world bids farewell to Presidential Orchestra with loud applause

extremely spectacular. In Poland, we performed as part of the ‘Belarus Is Us’ public-and-cultural event, opening our programme with Chopin’s polonaise and Oginski’s music. We had 65 pieces on our programme; the audience understood us and welcomed us warmly. The tour also included our participation in the ‘Young Euro Classic 2010’ project, held at Berlin’s Concert House — one of the most prestigious in the world. Great conductor Herbert von Karajan loved it very much and the hall hosts leading global orchestras. The German Circle of Friends of European Youth Orchestras, which organised the festival, arranged our attendance. ‘Young Euro Classic’ enables young musicians, composers and conductors to show themselves on the global stage. What did you perform for the demanding German public? In line with the contest’s regulations, all participants have to perform national music. We chose six choreographic works by Belarusian composer Yevgeny Glebov and also performed a global symphonic premiere of a piece conducted by Belarusian Galina Gorelova. Our programme also included Schumann, featuring pianist Alexey Petrov from Grodno, who is well known in Berlin, where he often tours. Our concert also featured bass singer Anatoly Sivko — a finalist in ‘New Voices of Belarus’. In the finale, he performed a Belarusian folk song to an encore. He is now employed with the Amsterdam Opera Theatre, under contract. He has Belta

he Presidential Orchestra of Belarus has opened a new page in its history. Un t i l r e c e n t l y, t h e geography of its tours was limited but, this summer, it gave concerts in Europe, leaving a bright trace in the hearts of musicians and foreign music lovers. Artistic Director and Chief Conductor, Victor Babarikin, tells us: We had a very rich August, touring Pol and and Germany. We gave six concerts — all

беларусь.belarus 2010

reporters EshowE a wonderful voice and it’s a pity he is underestimated within Belarusian opera. I think he’ll have a brilliant future. Alongside some of your Symphony O rche stra, y ou took singe rs to Europe. What did these winners of ‘New Voices of Belarus’ perform? Apart from the five participants of ‘Eurovision’, other team members are relatively unknown as yet... The vocal team — headed by Tatiana Ligorskaya — recently sang foreign hits at the Palace of the republic’s small hall. ‘Eurovision’ is a good start but I also hope that our artistes will take part in other international contests in Bulgaria, Spain, Belarus and elsewhere. When competing against other worthy singers, they can grow professionally. Some already have a good repertoire — primarily, of famous hits. Songs composed especially for them cost a great deal. What will you be offering audiences in the near future? Our listeners are fond of ‘Musical Evenings w it h t he President i a l Orchestra of Belarus’; we gave four concerts in September. These finished with a pop-symphonic programme called ‘We Welcome You’. It included Michel Legrand’s fantasy-potpourri; he presented us with the score during his concert in Minsk. Soloist Alexander Pukhovoy performed ‘Bésame Mucho’. In a word, the concerts featured our best pieces. I always hope that audiences will enjoy and appreciate our concerts. We know from experience that Belarusians find complicated modern symphony music hard going; in Berlin, such concerts gather full houses, as people are more receptive. However, everything depends on us. We won’t put aside classical music. In the near future, we’ll give several more concerts of symphony music. Why did you perform four Musical Evenings in just two weeks? I actually wanted to organise a Presidential Orchestra festival but so much paperwork was needed. We decided that it matters little what the project is called. Good music is the key. By Natalia Stepanova

Lucky ticket Belarusian State University’s Journalism Institute student Leila Ismailova to host Junior Eurovision2010, alongside Eurovision song contest commentator Denis Kuryan

he final nominees for hosting were disclosed as one young man and five girls — Denis Kuryan, model Anna Moliboga, Junior Eurovision-2005 winner Ksenia Sitnik, TV host Anna Kviloria, singer and tennis player Olga Barabanshchikova and Leila Ismailova — participated in the final round of castings. Officially, the Belarusian organisers did not confirm the final two but, since European contests are always hosted by a woman and a man, the candidature of Denis Kuryan was clear. Denis Kuryan is a TV reporter and has written dozens of documentaries. He’s also a well-known showman, and is the editor-in-chief and presenter of the Business Life TV programme on the First Channel. The Eurovision Song Contest is his favourite however. For the past five years, Denis has been the Belarusian commentator for popular European shows, including Junior Eurovision in 2005 and 2007 (when our Belarusians won). This year, he’ll be joined by charming Leila, aged just 21. Leila’s mother urged her to go to the initial casting in Minsk, although she was in Greece at the time. She explains, “I’ve always loved games, so it’s a great pleasure for me to become part of our children’s world. I’ll gladly do my best if I can be useful.” Leila is a Leo and fully

Leila Ismailova and Denis Kuryan

lives up to her horoscope, although her name in Arabic translates as ‘night’. Leila is a student at the Belarusian State University’s Journalism Institute and, last year, participated in the Erasmus Mundus Student Exchange Programme. She spent six months in Greece studying at Aristotle University’s departments of journalism and English language and literature, while also learning cinematography. She travelled a great deal, meeting foreign students. Before leaving for Greece, Leila worked as a TV host for a while and, last September, won the ‘Miss Press’ title at the Miss Minsk Beauty Pageant. Over a hundred of people aged between 18 and 30 applied to the Belarusian TV and Radio Company to host Junior Eurovision-2010, with students and senior schoolchildren able to speak foreign languages showing the most interest. Applications flooded in from all over the country, but Belarusians living, studying and holidaying abroad also applied, being ready to come to Minsk at any time. Candidates had to be fluent in English or French, be able to work on stage and improvise. The finals of Junior Eurovision-2010 are being hosted by Minsk-Arena on November 20th, gathering young talents aged 10-15, from 14 countries. By Tatiana Pastushenko

2010 беларусь.belarus

Tours

Concert resembles master class No doubt, any sports team would love to have as many fans as were present at Minsk-Arena for Sting: 13,000! People arrived from all over Belarus, as well as from Eastern Europe and America

ting arrived in Minsk accompanied by the London Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, which has been touring the world with him for the past four months. His Symphonicity tour finishes in November in Riga; no doubt, Europe will be gripped by a new wave of ‘Sting-mania’ very soon. During his concerts, the singer strains every sinew, showing that, despite the ups and downs of his career, he remains full of life and energy. Sting knows just what his fans want.

беларусь.belarus 2010

On October 2nd, he celebrated his 59th birthday but has no plans to stop performing. Unlike many of our modern stars, who ‘flicker’ on our TV screens, he sings not only about melodramatic suffering but about contemporary problems. Meanwhile, his style is light and natural, rather than contrived. He has always been ‘down to earth’ in his attitude and appearance, spurning the lure of expensive clothes and fashionable trends. Sting represents the older musical school, which embraces the idea of the singer’s art being all, rather than their

‘celebrity status’ — as revealed outside the concert hall. Minsk event was a grand show — a fully fledged master class. Sting performed jointly with his musicians and backing vocalist Joe Lowry; they boast a companionship worthy of envy — as seen usually only in a professional hockey team. He performed almost thirty songs, with unexpected nuances found for each, full of rich musical expression. The concert began on time, as you’d expect of a professional artiste; exactly at 20.10, Minsk Arena hummed with music. Conductor Steven Mercurio (whom Sting noted, he ‘rented’ from British Queen Elizabeth) jumped around the stage with extreme expressiveness, openly demonstrating his emotions, despite his ‘royal’ status. The whole orchestra followed the maestro’s example in behaving with open fervour — an important element of the show. The musicians communicated with the audience as equals — as if to a neighbour or a good friend. There was no ‘wall’ between the stage and the hall, no pomposity. The musicians stood up, applauded, waved and bowed. Those present felt as if they’d come to a friendly party. It’s not a completely original idea of course; Mikhail Finberg uses a similar technique with his audiences. Sting — looking much like a boy scout — seemed pleased by the symphonic arrangement of his songs, inviting those present to join his singing. The audience responded with enthusiasm, which also pleased the singer; he’s used to success and commanding attention. The orchestra’s musicians added symphonic flavour to Sting’s well-known hits but the star’s own voice was the strongest and most expensive ‘instrument’. Conductor Mercurio clearly arranged his orchestra to complement Sting’s vocals. As in Vilnius and Moscow, Sting performed his programme in Minsk perfectly, communicating sincerely with the audience and giving everyone exactly what they wished. The singer gave three encores and was left in no doubt of the Minsk audience’s admiration; they responded to the symphony of his soul. By Valentin Pepelyaye

Creative plans

Brilliant prospects open up for actors The story as a Pole and a Belarusian once met in Kiev

rzysztof Zanussi has arrived in Belarus once more, premiering his Death and the Maiden at Maxim Gorky National Academic Drama Theatre on September 21st — based on the play of the same title by Chilean playwright Ariel Dorfman. The Belarusian audience primarily knows Zanussi as a film director. However, he is also known across Europe as a stage director, having brought to life around 40 plays, which have enthralled audiences in Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Germany, Switzerland and Italy. Now, Belarus has joined the list, as the Polish director has long wished to co-operate with our country. “We’re neighbours and were once a single entity; we still have much in common,” admits Mr. Zanussi. Bureaucratic hurdles prevented contacts in previous years, while Mr. A scene from the play

Zanussi’s busy schedule in recent times has also been to blame. The Polish master met an actress from the National Academic Drama Theatre, Tatiana Bovkalova, at a film festival in Kiev and invited her to take part in one of his plays. He gave her several to choose from, but only one has been translated into Russian as yet: Death and the Maiden. Ms. Bovkalova has been joined by Alexander Zhdanovich (seen by Zanussi in a performance during his visit to last year’s Listapad Film Festival in Minsk) and by Vasily Shushkevich, chosen from a photo. Mr. Zanussi was so keen that he invited the actors to Poland, where they rehearsed for almost three weeks at the director’s luxurious home. The performance has been adjusted to suit Maxim Gorky Theatre’s stage and nobody doubted its success. Mr. Zanussi has staged Death and the Maiden twice before: in Poland and in Germany. Both saw full houses. The play’s events are poignant to most of us living in democratic states, despite taking place in modern Chile. Mr. Zanussi is reluctant to reveal his future plans in connection with Belarus but it seems that this joint project won’t be the last. He openly notes his eagerness to invite Belarusian actors to appear in his films from now on.

Director Sergey Kovalchik

Theatre confesses its love Minsk’s Modern Art Theatre premieres Minsk, I Love You

he Theatre’s Artistic Leader, Vladimir Ushakov, had the idea of staging the performance after being inspired by the Paris, I Love You, New York, I Love You and Moscow, I Love You series. Several theatre authors, famous in Belarusian circles, are keen to take part: Andrey Kureichik, Nikolay Rudkovsky, Diana Balyko, Sergey Kovalchik and Venedikt Rasstrizhenkov. Spectators will also be able to see the theatre debut of TV hosts Lyusya Lushchik and Yevgeny Bulka. The Minsk, I Love You performance comprises three stories set in the Belarusian capital. The history of Andrey Kureichik shows why those who have the opportunity to move abroad often choose to stay in Minsk. Diana Balyko describes Minsk as a Mecca where people search for happiness while Nikolay Rudkovsky’s story is entitled My Cleanest City. “It may be a great revelation,” notes Mr. Ushakov. “It’ll be great if people begin using the characters’ phrases as adages.” In future, the project by the Modern Art Theatre may also move to the big screen. The theatre’s leadership is currently negotiating with Belarusfilm Studio to create a film of the same title. By Irina Leshkevich

2010 беларусь.belarus

By tradition

Retro-style wedding Folk wedding customs become more popular

Belta

t seems that Belarusians are tired of traditional marriage ceremonies and seek to make the happiest day of their life an unforgettable and unusual event. Young couples are rejecting the standard luxurious white dress and formal suit in favour of something extraordinary at the Belarusian State Museum of Folk Architecture and Ever yday Life. Director Svetlana Lokotko, who

беларусь.belarus 2010

organises weddings featuring national traditions, tells us that the idea for such ceremonies appeared back in 2005. Each year, increasing numbers of brides and bridegrooms seek to join their fates by adhering to ancient customs. In 2009, over 50 couples used the museum’s wedding services and a queue has formed for this autumn, with engaged couples eager to wed in line with Belarusian folk traditions. Ms. Lokotko notes that our ancestors’ wedding ceremonies used to last for several days, with customs varying in different regions of the country. Museum employees have chosen the most interesting elements, characteristic of all ceremonies, and combined them into a single holiday, lasting 1.5-2 hours. In recent years, brides and bridegrooms have also begun to replace traditional white dresses and black formal suits with national costumes. Before the wedding, museum staff interview brides and bridegrooms to organise a truly unforgettable holiday, reflecting the unique customs of the countries from which they may originate. In fact, these ceremonies are more popular with ‘international’ couples than with Belarusians, explains Ms. Lokotko. The most original ceremony was organised for a Belarusian man and a Japanese girl, with the bride wearing Japanese national costume during the ceremony. Belarusian and German, and Belarusian and Lebanese couples have also been married at the museum. Word of mouth is spreading as more young people take part in these ceremonies. Ms. Lokotko believes that new visitors are being attracted to the museum accordingly, showing increasing interest towards Belarusian national culture. In the near future, the Belarusian State Museum of Folk Architecture and Everyday Life plans to restore an ancient Belarusian wedding service, as well as celebrating golden weddings, with specialists currently working on these projects. By Tatiana Pastukhova