„ … kedves bajtársim kössétek be sebem” A Nagy Háború emlékezete
„ ... KEDVES BAJTÁRSIM KÖSSÉTEK BE SEBEM” A NAGY HÁBORÚ EMLÉKEZETE
Szerkesztette Kiss Gábor Ferenc – Vincze Gábor
ÓPUSZTASZERI NEMZETI TÖRTÉNETI EMLÉKPARK
Ópusztaszer–Szeged, 2015
A kรถtet megjelenรฉsรฉt tรกmogatta: D] (OVฤ 9LOiJKiERU~V &HQWHQiULXPL (POpNEL]RWWViJ
Borรญtรณterv: 0DM]LN $QGUHD
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ย 6]HU]ฤ N ยฉ ร NTE โ Belvedere, 2015
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10
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15
Pintér Tamás
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20
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JACOBI 1938. 440–442.
Nagy Tamás
iW YH]HWĘ PLOOLPpWHUHV NHVNHQ\ Q\RPWiY~ KDGL YDV~W pStWpVH D EXNRYLQDL -DNREHQ\LJ 0LYHO D YDV~W WHOMHVtWĘNpSHVVpJpW D 0DJXUD H]UHOpNHV HPHONHGĘMH NRUOiWR]WD H]pUW ÏUDGQiUyO LV NLVYDVXWDW pStWHWWHN DPL .LULOEDED iOORPiVRQ GUyW N|WpOSiO\D N|]EHLNWDWiViYDO FVDWODNR]RWW D 3ULV]ORS YDV~WKR] H]]HO D] iWERFViWy NpSHVVpJ QDSL WRQQiUyO WRQQiUD Q|YHNHGHWW $ NpW NHVNHQ\ Q\RPWiY~ YDV XWDW ĘV]H pV WDYDV]D N|]|WW pStWHWWpN PHJ 14 $ EXNRYLQDL N|]OHNHGpVKH] WDUWyV pV QDJ\ iWHUHV]WĘNpSHVVpJĦ PHJROGiVW FVDN D QRUPiO Q\RPWiY~ QDJ\YDV~W pStWpVH MHOHQWKHWHWW $] RV]WUiN±PDJ\DU IĘSDUDQFV QRNViJ D 5RPiQLiYDO V]HPEHQL HOOHQWiPDGiV LGHMpQ HOUHQGHOWH D %HWOHQ±ÏUDGQD PHOOpNYRQDO .LVLOYD iOORPiViEyO NLiJD]y 1DJ\LOYiQ pV D /HVXWQL ,OYD PDMG D 7HVQD SDWDN Y|OJ\pQ iW 'RUQD .DQGUHQ\EH YH]HWĘ NLORPpWHUHV YDV~WYRQDO pStWpVpW $]RQEDQ D WiERUL YDV~WL V]i]DGRN QpSIHONHOĘ PXQNiVRV]WDJRN pV KDGL IRJO\RN W|PHJpYHO YpJ]HWW QDJ\ pStWNH]pV D KiERU~ YpJpLJ QHP IHMH]ĘG|WW EH D YDV~WYRQDODW FVDN ± N|]|WW DGWiN iW D IRUJDORPQDN D URPiQRN 15
.h/g1/(*(6 0ĥ7È5*<$. +(/<5(È//Ë7È6$ $ PpWHU KRVV]~ zimonyi YDV~WL 6]iYD KtG D KRUYiW PDJ\DU±V]HUE KDWiURQ N|] YHWOHQ O D IRO\y GXQDL WRUNRODWD N|]HOpEHQ iOORWW pV D KiERU~ HOVĘ WHFKQLNDL iOGR ]DWDNpQW NHU OW D QDJ\ IRO\y KXOOiPVtUMiED PHUW D V]HUE KDGVHUHJ H]]HO NtYiQWD D YiUKDWy RV]WUiN±PDJ\DU RIIHQ]tYiW PHJIpNH]QL -~OLXV pQ KDMQDOEDQ QDJ\ UREEDQiVUD pEUHGWHN D] DNNRU PpJ D IRO\ySDUWRQ iOOy ]LPRQ\L KDWiUiOORPiVW pV D N|]HOEHQ OpYĘ KLGDW YpGĘ MiV]NXQ J\DORJH]UHG NDWRQiL (NNRU PpJ FVDN D V]HUE IĘYiURV IHOp HVĘ HOVĘ KtGQ\tOiVW pUWH QDJ\ HUHMĦ UREEDQWiV $] iWKLGDOiV YpGHOPpUH WĦ]KDUFRW YiOODOy MiV]DSiWL .RYiFV 3iO YDODPLQW D PH]ĘW~UL %tUy *iERU pV 9HUHV ,PUH YROWDN D QDJ\ YLOiJpJpV HOVĘ KDOiORV iOGR]DWDL $ KDUFL pULQWNH]pVW N|YHWĘ HOVĘ QDJ\REE FViV]iUL pV NLUiO\L WiPDGiV 6]DEiFV HOOHQ LUiQ\XOW pV D %HOJUiGQiO 14
HOVÁTH FERENC – KUBINSZKY MIHÁLY (1998): Magyar vasúti építkezések Erdélyben. 9DV~WKLVWyULD N|Q\YHN %XGDSHVW 0È9 ±
15
T. HÁMORI FERENC IĘV]HUN (UGpO\L YDV~W 6]pNHO\ J\RUV %XGDSHVW ,QGyKi] .LDGy ± $ YRQDWNR]y UpV]W 1DJ\ 7DPiV pV ,QF]H ,PUH tUWiN
NEMESKÉRI-KISS GÉZA (1997): $ PDJ\DU YDV~WL KtGpStWpV W|UWpQHWH ± ,Q .RYiFV /iV]Oy V]HUN Magyar vasúttörténet. N|WHW %XGDSHVW .g='2.
UDOVECZ GYÖRGY – RAVASZ ISTVÁN: $ ;; V]i]DGL YLOiJKiERU~ HOVĘ KĘVL KDORWWMD KWWS ZZZ FVNLU H[WUD KX LPDJHV FLNNHNBUDYDV] FLNNBUDYDV]BXGRB FLNNBUDYDV]BXGRBHOVRBPDJ\DUBKD ORWW SGI +R]]iIpUpV MDQXiU
$ 0RQDUFKLD YDV~WMDL D] HOVĘ YLOiJKiERU~EDQ
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JACOBI 1938 ±
Nagy Tamás
DPHO\ D N|]SRQWL KDWDOPDN PLQGHQ IĘYiURViW YDODPLQW D PHJV]iOOW 6]HUELD V]pNKH O\pW HJ\DUiQW pULQWHWWH $ =LPRQ\WyO V]iPtWRWW QpJ\ KtGQ\tOiV KHO\pUH IpO pYYHO NpVĘEE PiU iOODQGy DFpOWHVWHNHW J\iUWRWW D] RV]WUiN iOODPYDV~W UHVLFDL pV D 0È9 GLyVJ\ĘUL JpSJ\iUD $] ~M V]HUNH]HWHNHW D IRUJDORP IHQQiOOiVD PHOOHWW LGHLJOHQHV iOOYiQ\]DWRQ V]HUHO WpN PDMG D PiVLN ROGDORQ V]LQWpQ SURYL]yULXPRNUD WROWiN D KDGLKtG HOHPHLW $] iOODQGy KtG MDQXiU pQ NpV] OW HO 1HP VRNNDO D] iWDGiV HOĘWW MpJ]DMOiV G|Q W|WWH OH D QHJ\HGLN Q\tOiV LGHLJOHQHV iOOYiQ\DLW pV D UHNRUGKRVV]~ViJ~ :DDJQHU HOHP D IRO\yED ]XKDQW &VRQND /iV]Oy WDUWDOpNRV KDGQDJ\ 6]iYD KtGN O|QtWPpQ\H D MHJHV Yt]EHQ NLHPHOWH D IpPWHVWHW D SDUWUD YRQWDWWD pV RWW V]pWV]HUHOWH $ UpJL V]iYDL YDV~WL KtG NpW YLOiJKiERU~ SXV]WtWiVDL XWiQ PD LV iOO D] EHQ HONpV] OW ~M KtG PHOOHWW $ EHOJUiGL IHMSiO\DXGYDUUD YH]HWĘ YRQDWRN PD LV H]HQ D] HJ\YiJiQ\~ KtGRQ KDODGQDN iW GH D Ui YH]HWĘ YDV~WYRQDO EHQ KRVV]~ DODJ~W I~UiVVDO WHOMHVHQ ~M Q\RPYRQDOUD NHU OW pV D UpJL KDWiUiOORPiV WpUVpJpEHQ D V]HUE IĘYiURV NRUPiQ\]DWL pV LGHJHQIRUJDOPL N|]SRQWMD pS OW IHO
$ V]HUE FVDSDWRN D KDG ]HQHW QDSMiQ IHOUREEDQWRWWiN D 6]iYD KLGDW 6]HUELD HOIRJODOiVD XWiQ RNWyEHUpEHQ HJ\ LGHLJOHQHV PDMG D N|YHWNH]Ę pYEHQ YpJOHJHV KLGDW pStWHWW LWW D KDGYLVHOĘ RV]WUiN±PDJ\DU iOODP
$ PpWHU KRVV]~ /XSNRZL DODJ~W D 0LVNROF±6iWRUDOMD~MKHO\±0H]ĘODERUF± =DJRU] KDWiUiWPHQHWEHQ D .iUSiWRN HJ\LN OHJDODFVRQ\DEE KiJyMiEDQ PpWHU
LOVAS GYULA – TÓTH SÁNDOR (1991): $] 2ULHQW H[SUHVV] %XGDSHVW 0È9 ±
$ 0RQDUFKLD YDV~WMDL D] HOVĘ YLOiJKiERU~EDQ
pS OW IHO 0pJ D KD]DL YDV~WpStWpV QDJ\ NRUV]DNiEDQ ± D] (OVĘ 0DJ\DU *iFVRUV]iJL 9DV~W KHO\H]WH ]HPEH D .iUSiWRNRQ W~OQ\~Oy HJ\HWOHQ NpWYiJiQ\~ YR QDODW pV D N O|Q|VHQ URVV] PLQĘVpJĦ DJ\DJSDOiV WDODMUpWHJ D PXQNiVRN N|UpEHQ G K|QJĘ NROHUDMiUYiQ\ UHQGNtY OL PpUWpNEHQ PHJQHKH]tWHWWH D QHP N O|Q|VHQ KRVV]~ DODJ~W PpWHU pStWpVpW 20 YpJpQ D] RURV]RN WiPDGiVD H]W D YDV~WYRQDODW LV HOpUWH pV D FViV]iUL pV NLUiO\L FVDSDWRN D KDWiUV]pOL V]DNDV]W ,]EXJ\DUDGYiQ\LJ NL UtWHWWpN $PLNRU PiMXViEDQ D JRUOLFHL iWW|UpV LQQHQ LV HOĦ]WH D FiUL KDGVHUH JHW YLVV]DYRQXOiVXNNRU D] DODJ~W PLQGNpW EHMiUDWiW pV D N|UQ\H]Ę YRQDOV]DNDV]RN KtGMDLW IHOUREEDQWRWWiN $ YDV~WpStWĘ V]i]DG ,OOpV (OHPpU YH]HWpVpYHO D GpOL D V]i]DG pV HJ\ WiERULYDV~W V]i]DG D] pV]DNL ROGDORQ NH]GWH PHJ D KHO\UHiOOtWiVW eMMHO QDSSDOL PXQND XWiQ PiU PiMXV iQ ~MUDLQGXOKDWRWW D IRUJDORP $] ~MOXSNRZL iOOR PiVRQ IHOiOOtWRWW NDWRQDNyUKi] KiWUDKDJ\RWW RURV] RUYRVD LJHQ FVRGiONR]RWW DPLNRU D 0H]ĘODERUF IHOĘO pUNH]Ę HOVĘ YRQDW PR]GRQ\I WW\pW PHJKDOORWWD $ YLVV]DYRQXOy RURV] WLV]WHN OHJDOiEE NpW KyQDS KDODGpNRW UHPpOWHN D] DODJ~W IHOUREEDQWiViWyO GH D KHO\UHiOOtWiV PpJ NpW KpWLJ VHP WDUWRWW«21
$ WiERUL YDV~WH]UHG iOWDO LGHLJOHQHV MHOOHJJHO KHO\UHiOOtWRWW .DUDNy Y|OJ\KtG $ IRWy 1HPHVNpUL .LVV L P ROGDOiUyO V]iUPD]LN
20
SCHOBER ALBERT (1874): $ OXSNRZL DODJ~W Magyar Mérnök és Építész Egylet Közlönye pYI ± V] ±
'pQHV W|U]VRUYRV YLVV]DHPOpNH]pVH /iVG JACOBI
21
Nagy Tamás
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$] HUHGHWL Nฤ EROWR]DW~ KtG D] ,VRQ]y IHOHWW 6DOFDQR N|]HOpEHQ $ IRWy D] 2V]WUiN 1HP]HWL .|Q\YWiUEyO V]iUPD]LN KWWS ZZZ ELOGDUFKLYDXVWULD DW 3UHYLHZ MSJ
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22
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