Spring 2005 - Health in the Global Community - Public Health by UC Berkeley School of Public Health

SPRING 2005

University of California, Berkeley

Public Health

Health

in the

G LO B A L C O M M U N I TY

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Reproductive Health: Collaborating for a Large-scale Impact

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From Horror to Hope: Working with Street Kids in Ecuador

Helping Others, Helping Ourselves From the Dean In his book, The Lexus and The Olive Tree, Thomas L. Friedman, New York Times foreign affairs columnist, writes, “…my concern for developing countries that get steamrolled by globalization goes beyond a narrow preoccupation with wanting them to remain colorful places that we can all enjoy as tourists. My concern is that without environment there is no sustainable culture, and without a sustainable culture there is no sustainable community, and without a sustainable community there is no sustainable globalization.” This statement is a reminder that improving the health of the world’s citizens will require not only effective technical interventions, but uncommon sensitivity and knowledge of the political, economic, social, and cultural histories and traditions of developing countries. Given the speed with which infectious disease can now spread in our tightly connected global universe (e.g., SARS, avian flu), the ability to effectively integrate technologies and potential “cures” with culturally compatible local applications will increasingly affect the health of all of us. According to UNICEF and WHO data, there is a 1 percent chance that a child in 2004 will die before the age of five in a developed country versus 16 percent in the 49 least developed countries. Two thousand babies are infected with HIV every day; one million people die annually from malaria; and two million children die each year because they are not immunized. Moreover, the health problems of the developing world are not limited to infectious diseases. For example, nearly 300 million of the projected 366 million diabetics in the year 2030 will live in developing countries. Two of the world’s most populous countries —China and India—are experiencing the double jeopardy of both infectious disease and chronic illness. For example, in China circulatory death rates have increased between two- and threefold in the last 15 years among the 35–45 age group. India has the highest number of diabetics in the world and an annual coronary death rate of two million, while at the same time two-and-a-half-million Indian children die each year from pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria. Dean Stephen M. Shortell

At the School of Public Health, we take seriously our responsibility as global citizens to address these challenges. In this issue, you will see evidence of the School’s broad-based interdisciplinary biological, behavioral, and environmental approach to addressing a wide range of problems in the developing world, from tuberculosis to population planning to rectifying violations of basic human rights. With six Fogarty International awards (the leader among schools of public health) and support from NIH, various foundations, the World Bank, WHO, and others, our faculty work closely with our students to provide a rich research and educational environment that addresses global health problems. This environment is further enhanced by significant collaborations with colleagues across campus in chemistry, engineering, molecular and cell biology, demography, economics, business, law, public policy, and journalism, in addition to close ties with colleagues at the Institute for Global Health at UC San Francisco and the UC San Francisco Global Health Sciences Program. We have also drawn knowledge and inspiration from the nine individuals who have received the School’s International Public Health Hero Award (see back cover). Working with all of our partners we look forward to making the world a safer and healthier place that will promote sustainable globalization for everyone. Dean Stephen M. Shortell, Ph.D., M.P.H. Assistant Dean, External Relations and Development Patricia W. Hosel, M.P.A. Editor Michael S. Broder Associate Editor Johanna Van Hise Heart Design Archer Design, Inc. Contributors Michael S. Broder, Cathy Cockrell, Johanna Van Hise Heart, Katherine Schlaefer, and Sarah Yang.

Stephen M. Shortell, Ph.D., M.P.H. Dean, School of Public Health Blue Cross of California Distinguished Professor of Health Policy & Management Professor of Organization Behavior

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Public Health Features UC Berkeley School of Public Health Protecting and Promoting Health around the World

Twenty-five examples illustrate how faculty at the School of Public Health are addressing global health challenges.

Reproductive Health: Collaborating for a Large-scale Impact

by Johanna Van Hise Heart

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In countries where women are dying needlessly from lack of reproductive health care, Professors Malcom Potts and Martha Campbell and colleagues collaborate to find solutions with the greatest possible impact.

Human Rights: Scholars Explore the Meaning of “Justice”

Berkeleyan writer Cathy Cockrell interviews Professors Eric Stover and Harvey Weinstein of UC Berkeley’s Human Rights Center about how nations rebuild after ethnic cleansing and genocide and the role of trials in that process.

Environmental Health: Implications of Benzene Exposure in China

by Sarah Yang

Factory workers in China exposed to low levels of the chemical benzene in the workplace had significantly lower blood cell counts compared to workers who were not exposed.

Infectious Diseases: Field Research Brings Attention to Diseases of Urban Poverty

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by Michael S. Broder

In Brazil and India, Professor Lee Riley's group seeks to stem the spread of TB and infectious diseases that occur in urban sprawls, while students in the field learn the true meaning of international research.

Departments Past, Present, Future

Faculty News and Notes

Research Highlights

Partners in Public Health Alumni News Photography Courtesy of Katherine Schlaefer, cover (left) and pp. 16-17; courtesy of Lee Riley, cover (right) & p. 13; Gettyone, pp. 3 (top right, middle & bottom) & 6; istockphoto.com, cover (bottom), pp. 3 (top left),11 & 23; Martha Campbell, p. 5 (Tanzanian birth attendants); Peg Skorpinski, inside front cover, pp. 5 (Campbell & Potts), 18, 20-21, 27, 29, 30, 32-33, 36 (Ryan), 38 (Eastman & Jackson); Eric Stover, pp. 8-10; Linda Clever, p. 26; James M. Ensign, p. 37; Jim Block, p. 38 (Gerberding et al.); Bonnie Powell, p. 38 (Birgeneau & Staggers); Jane Scherr, p. 40.

Communications Advisory Board W. Thomas Boyce, Patricia A. Buffler, Margaret Cary, Helen A. Halpin, Meredith Minkler, Linda Neuhauser, Lee Riley, Beth Roemer, Stephen M. Shortell, Robert Spear, and S. Leonard Syme.

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UC Berkeley School of Public Health Office of External Relations and Development 140 Earl Warren Hall #7360 Berkeley, CA 94720-7360 (510) 642-9572

UC Berkeley Public Health is published semiannually in the spring and fall by the University of © 2005, Regents of the University California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, of California. Reproduction in whole for alumni and friends of the School. or part requires written permission.

Erratum: In our last issue, we neglected to identify Mary Haan, Dr.P.H. ’85, professor of epidemiology at the University of Michigan, as principal investigator of the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. The study, which is being conducted by the University of Michigan, has been funded by the NIA through 2008. UC Berkeley is providing imaging expertise and analysis.

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UC Berkeley School of Public Health Protecting and Promoting Health around the World Faculty at the School of Public Health are actively engaged in addressing the health challenges of today’s world. Listed are just a few examples of their myriad international efforts:

ASIA Bangladesh: Allan Smith has worked extensively with WHO in Bangladesh to assess the problems of arsenic in drinking water. He directs the Arsenic Health Effects Program, which is planning a major study of exposed children assessing their lung development and respiratory symptoms resulting from arsenic. The program is also conducting studies in Argentina, Chile, and India. China: Teh-wei Hu has worked on tobacco control and health care reform in China for 15 years. With funding from the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, he and colleagues have worked closely with China CDC, major Chinese universities, the World Bank, and WHO to study the impact of tobacco control on public health and the Chinese economy. These findings have helped China’s government and the People’s Congress in their tobacco control policy making, particularly with China’s pending ratification of the Framework Convention of Tobacco Control. Hu has also assisted China in organizing a rural health insurance program, consulted on the establishment of the National Health Insurance Program in China, and restructured the entire fee schedule for the Hong Kong public health care system. China: Robert Spear leads a long-term collaborative project centered on understanding, monitoring and controlling the transmission of the intestinal parasite Schistosoma japonicum in rural communities. The collaboration with the Sichuan Institute for Parasitic Disease involves the collection of data using new technologies, such as global positioning systems for mapping and geographic information systems for managing epidemiological and ecological data in an integrated data model. China: In response to the devastating SARS epidemic, Arthur Reingold was invited to give an annual one-week course in infectious disease epidemiology and control at Chinese University of Hong Kong. The course trains physicians, nurses, and other health professionals in the application of epidemiologic methods to current and possible future infectious disease threats.

NORTH AMERICA

China: Martyn Smith has been studying the effects of exposure to benzene. He and colleagues recently found that Chinese factory workers exposed to low levels of the chemical had significantly lower blood cell counts compared to workers who were not exposed. India: Kirk Smith's group is exploring the relationship between indoor air pollution from use of solid fuels and tuberculosis in case-control studies with colleagues in three states using a multi-center design, in addition to developing new exposure assessment techniques with Indian colleagues at various sites using newly developed smart, cheap, data-logging particle monitors.

EUROPE Ireland: S. Katharine Hammond toured Ireland lecturing about passive smoking in anticipation of the country’s workplace smoking ban. While in Ireland, she assisted in designing and implementing a study of secondhand smoke in the pubs before and after the ban. Switzerland: Richard Feachem directs the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a global public-private partnership aimed at attracting and disbursing additional resources to prevent and treat these diseases. This partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected communities represents a new approach to international health financing.

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SOUTH AMERICA

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EUROPE ASIA

AFRICA

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UC Berkeley School of Public Health Protecting and Promoting Health around the World, continued AFRICA Afghanistan: Malcolm Potts has worked to help women in Afghanistan and other countries in Africa and Asia that were war-torn after bloody conflicts. He has studied relationships between rapid population growth, civil conflict, and terrorism, finding that terrorists are most likely to come from countries where birth rates are high, family planning is hard to obtain, and women have little power. Mozambique: Ndola Prata is team leader of a joint project with the CDC Global AIDS Programme, the Institute for Global Health, and Tulane University, aimed at addressing the immediate need for capacity building for HIV/AIDS monitoring and evaluation. The group provides assistance in establishing and enhancing HIV/AIDS monitoring and evaluation systems. In addition, Prata and colleagues develop and deliver related courses based on the training gaps identified in a capacity needs assessment completed in July 2004. South Africa, Kenya, and Tanzania: Barbara Abrams is investigating a novel method to help reduce postnatal mother-to-child transmission of HIV in developing countries. Breastfeeding can cause up to one third of the 800,000 infections that occur annually in infants, but in resource-poor areas where safe and affordable infant formula is not available, mothers may not have a choice. Abrams is focusing on one alternative infant feeding option recommended by WHO: heat-treated breast milk. She is working with collaborators at UC Davis, California Dept. of Health Services, and in South Africa, Kenya, and Tanzania to design a simple heating method that a mother could use in her home which would inactivate HIV and retain the nutritional value, and to determine the acceptability and feasibility of mothers using this option. Tanzania and Nigeria: Ndola Prata is working with African and Asian colleagues on community-based projects to reduce maternal mortality due to postpartum hemorrhage. Traditional birth attendants are trained to diagnose postpartum hemorrhage and follow a protocol for administering misoprostol in home births. The goal is to test whether traditional birth attendants can effectively manage postpartum hemorrhage cases in households, where most deliveries occur. There is also a similar project in Bangladesh. Uganda: Since 2001, Arthur Reingold has been conducting research on anti-malarial drug resistance in collaboration with Philip Rosenthal and Grant Dorsey of the University of California, San Francisco, and Moses Kamya of Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda. Uganda: The Center for Entrepreneurship in International Health and Development, codirected by Nap Hosang and Martha Campbell, has been working with the USEPA to create capacity to manufacture a cleaner-burning biomass stove for rural Uganda. 4

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Uganda and Tanzania: Martha Campbell has assembled evidence of many types of barriers to family planning, which she views as the principal cause of stalled high birth rates, rather than couples’ desire to have large families. Examples are misinformation, including perceived dangers of contraception; doctors prohibiting local health workers from providing some reproductive health services; financial costs; and inconsistent delivery of commodity supplies. Campbell’s studies also include India.

THE AMERICAS Bolivia: Jack Colford is principal investigator of the BoliviaWET (Water Evaluation Trial), an NIH-funded collaboration between UC Berkeley, the Swiss Tropical Institute in Basel, Switzerland, and the University of San Simon in Cochabamba, Bolivia. This study near Totora, Bolivia, will compare the rates of gastrointestinal illness in children in 11 villages where residents are being trained to use solar water disinfection (by placing plastic bottles on their roofs for 6 hours each day) with 11 other villages that will receive training in this water treatment method next year. Alumnus Daniel Maeusezahl is the project director and collaborating principal investigator at the Swiss Tropical Institute. Brazil: Leonard Duhl is working with health planners in Porto Alegra and São Paulo, cities which have created participatory programs dealing with medical care, the promotion of health, and the connection to needs throughout the cities. Brazil has demonstrated how “Healthy Cities”—a worldwide program based on Duhl’s ideas—can be a paradigm both for health and for community governance. There are now 7,500 Healthy Cities programs around the world. Brazil: Lee Riley’s group has been training Brazilian researchers in the methods of using molecular biology tools to study the epidemiology of TB. His group also has been conducting population-based studies in São Paulo to identify risk factors for drug resistant TB and progression to active disease after a new infection. Costa Rica: In order to understand how Costa Rica is able to achieve high life expectancy with low per capita health expenditure, Will Dow and colleagues have begun a longitudinal survey following individuals for five years, collecting socioeconomic data, biomarkers of health, and allostatic load indicators of cumulative lifetime physiological stress. Ecuador: Joseph Eisenberg leads a project among 21 rural villages examining how changes in the social and natural environment, mediated by road construction, affect the epidemiology of pathogens causing diarrheal disease and malaria. Using an array of disciplines that study disease at multiple levels, this study will yield new insights into the varied environmental determinants of infectious disease in transmission, as well as new integrated intervention and control strategies.

Guatemala: In the first randomized trial in air pollution history with normal populations, Kirk Smith’s group, together with Guatemalan, British, and Norwegian colleagues, is exploring the relationship between indoor pollution from use of open wood fires used for cooking and childhood pneumonia and adult heart rate variability and lung function in a highland population of Mayan Native Americans. Mexico: Paul Gertler has investigated the impact of PROGRESA, an anti-poverty program in Mexico, on health outcomes. The program combines a traditional cash transfer program with financial incentives for families to invest in children’s health, education, and nutrition. In order to receive the cash transfer, families must obtain preventive health care, participate in growth monitoring and nutrition supplements programs, and attend education programs about health and hygiene. Gertler has found that the program significantly increased utilization of public health clinics for preventive care and lowered the number of inpatient hospitalizations and visits to private providers. Mexico: Julia Walsh is documenting the use of a new rotavirus vaccine as a model for the rapid introduction of new biotechnologies. Nicaragua: For over 15 years, Eva Harris has collaborated with colleagues at the Ministry of Health in Nicaragua to develop scientific capacity and strengthen human resources and laboratory infrastructure. For the past 10 years, their work has focused on dengue, the most prevalent mosquitoborne viral disease of humans and a major public health problem worldwide. Current projects include clinical studies aimed at improving case management and identifying biological risk factors for severe disease, pediatric cohort studies of dengue transmission in Managua, and evidence-based approaches for motivation of community participation in mosquito and dengue control. United States: Since its inception in 1988, Arthur Reingold has directed the UCB-UCSF Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program, which has provided diverse types of training to over 300 medical scientists from designated partner countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

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Reproductive Health: Collaborating for a Large-scale Impact

by Johanna Van Hise Heart

Traditional birth attendants in rural Tanzania participate in a study aimed at preventing deaths from postpartum hemorrhage.

is to make this drug available and affordable in the developing world, where 600 million women are struggling to survive on two dollars a day or less.

Malcolm Potts, M.B., B.Chir., Ph.D., F.R.C.O.G., and Martha Campbell, Ph.D., are acutely aware

of a tremendous problem: women are bleeding to death. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) more than 130,000 women die each year from postpartum hemorrhage— a condition for which there is actually a cure, a drug called misoprostol, a prostaglandin designed to treat gastric ulcers that also contracts the uterus and inhibits bleeding. The challenge

The industrialized West is insulated from many of the tragic disparities in women’s health prevalent in the world's developing nations. Women are dying needlessly of AIDS—especially those for whom societal status makes it difficult to negotiate the use of condoms. And upwards of 68,000 women are dying annually of complications from unsafe abortions. What can be done? Potts and Campbell have many good ideas. Both are indefatigable problem-solvers and collaborators (and their collaboration extends to their personal lives—the two recently celebrated their tenth wedding anniversary). But more importantly, they are able to bring together a vast international

interdisciplinary network of colleagues to tackle multi-layered international health conundrums and look for opportunities to actively make a largescale difference. Mobilizing an Interdisciplinary Team

Their professional connections arise from long careers working in the fields of family planning, population growth, and AIDS prevention. Potts, holder of the Fred H. Bixby Endowed Chair in Population and Family Planning and director of the School’s Bixby Program in Population, Family Planning & Maternal Health, is a British, Cambridgetrained obstetrician and reproductive scientist. In 1972 he introduced the manual vacuum aspirator, a device that has become the preferred method around the world for safe abortion and treatment of complications from incomplete abortions. Potts was the first medical Continued on page 6 Public Health

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Reproductive Health: Collaborating for a Large-scale Impact, continued

director of the London-based International Planned Parenthood Federation and CEO of Family Health International, where he led the largest global program of AIDS prevention outside of the World Health Organization.

Opportunities for Large-scale Change Challenge: Almost half the world’s population lives on $2 a day or less. In parts of Africa, one-quarter of disposable income is spent on health care. Action: Ease the financial burden of health care for the poor. Challenge: One woman per a minute dies from pregnancy, childbirth, or abortion. Ninety-nine percent of those deaths are in developing countries, and most of these take place outside the hospital or clinic setting. Action: Make medical supplies and health care available for women experiencing postpartum hemorrhage and complications of unsafe abortion. Challenge: The population of the earth grows by one million more births than deaths every 110 hours. Action: Remove barriers to family planning. Challenge: 116,000 new HIV/AIDS infections occur every day. Half of these are among women, many of whom are not free to choose when to have sex and cannot negotiate condom use, even when they suspect their partner may be HIV positive. Action: Identify an effective, affordable, available microbicide women can use to protect themselves. 6

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Recognizing the need to address the quantitative aspects of family planning and reproductive health in developing countries, Potts and adjunct professor Julia Walsh, M.D., D.T.P.H., founded the Bay Area International Group (BIG), now known as the Berkeley International Group, in 1997. BIG brings together graduate students from a number of countries and across the disciplines of public health economics, medicine, and epidemiology, AIDS prevention, and business, to consider how money is best spent to achieve improved health in developing countries. “We know what it costs to provide contraceptives,” explains Potts by way of illustration. “If we also know what people are willing to pay, then we can work out the difference and what the international community should be providing and what the government should be providing.” Campbell, by contrast, is a political scientist and health policy specialist, focusing on global population growth and economics of international health and family planning. Before joining the School of Public Health as a lecturer, Campbell led the David and Lucile Packard Foundation’s population program, where she came to recognize that in many developing countries government health services are simply unable to reach the poor and that many essential health needs are not being covered by foreign assistance. In 2000 Campbell and Nap Hosang, M.D., M.B.A., M.P.H., F.R.C.O.G., who heads the School’s Interdisciplinary Master’s in Public Health Program, established the School’s Center for Entrepreneurship in Health and

Development (CEIHD). The center promotes the use of entrepreneurial methods to improve the health of families in developing countries. They create financially sustainable systems, such as strategies to distribute off-patent drug products at modest prices, employing the skills and knowledge of local entrepreneurs as partners and eventual owners of the health-promoting enterprise. Also in 2000, Campbell founded the nonprofit Venture Strategies for Health and Development, the board of which is, for the most part, populated by School-affiliated faculty members. Venture Strategies was set up to work closely with the School, especially the Bixby Program and CEIHD. It strives to improve the health of large numbers of low-income people in developing countries by combining scientific evidence about tractable problems in health with opportunities inherent in existing market forces around the world. “Venture Strategies was designed to work with the School of Public Health at Berkeley to do the action side—which is much easier for a nonprofit organization—based on the scientific evidence of the university,” explains Campbell. “There are some things that the university can do best,” says Potts. “But there are also things that a university would find quite difficult to do.” Traditional birth attendants are often illiterate and unable to submit invoices related to a study. African governments requesting a policy meeting of experts to advise on drug approvals cannot wait for delays associated with the bureaucracy of obtaining travel funds. Venture Strategies’ nonprofit nature allows it to respond quickly. Developing Effective Strategies

Just as Potts and Campbell bring together complementary skills and shared interests, the Bixby Program, BIG, CEIHD, and Venture Strategies combine their different approaches to address certain

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shared priorities. “What this close-knit circle of colleagues has in common,” explains Campbell, “is attention to scale; attention to money and how it is spent in the field for most beneficial effect; good research; and a considerable amount of experience in most of the countries in the developing world.”

“Misoprostol has been used often in hospitals by WHO, but not in the field. And it is in the field where the maternal deaths occur—one woman a minute dies from postpartum hemorrhage or unsafe abortion.”

They begin with research to show that something works. Then, responding to requests from medical leaders in developing countries, they organize feasibility studies. “We ask ourselves, is there anything we can do where there isn’t a health professional available to stop women from dying?” says Potts. The answer in the case of postpartum hemorrhage is yes, the aforementioned wonder drug misoprostol, which is heat stable, low cost, and off patent.

traditional birth attendants.“Misoprostol has been used often in hospitals by WHO,” says Potts of the study’s significance, “but not in the field. And it is in the field where the maternal deaths occur—one woman a minute dies from postpartum hemorrhage or unsafe abortion.”

health after home births. Both meetings focused on the reality that the drugs used to control postpartum hemorrhage in hospitals require refrigeration and injections and are therefore not usable in rural areas where most deaths occur.

physician and medical demographer in the Bixby Program, has worked with African colleagues to demonstrate that traditional birth attendants can use this drug very effectively in resource-poor rural areas of Tanzania. First, she developed a virtually cost-free method for birth attendants to identify whether a woman needs the drug. Prata found that 500 ml of blood, which is the standard trigger for saying that a woman is experiencing postpartum hemorrhage, soaks two kangas, the colorful, traditional garments worn by East African women. “So the traditional birth attendants now have the power to diagnose a life-threatening situation,” explains Potts.

The next step is to identify the source of needed products—in this case manufacturers of misoprostol. Campbell, who has crossed the globe visiting nearly every producer of the drug, has found producers in China and Egypt who are already manufacturing the drug in great quantity, but who would not be able to do the work of exporting their drug to sub-Saharan Africa. CEIHD then provides assistance. In the past, for example, CEIHD has arranged the technical work of translating documentation into other languages (e.g., translating birth control pill instructions into Afghan languages) or assembled information required by an African country’s drug approval agency. “If we open the door for a Chinese or Egyptian or Indian manufacturer, they will undoubtedly supply the drug. But we have to do the regulatory work for them,” says Potts.

recently visited officials in the Tanzanian ministries of health, “is to clear the path for misoprostol to be available and affordable to rural women.” One obstacle she must overcome is that the drug is controversial because it can be used for early-term abortion, which is illegal in many developing countries.

In another study, working with Godfrey Mbaruku, M.D., Ph.D., in Kigoma, Tanzania, Prata has assisted in showing for the first time that field use of misoprostol works after home births in rural areas, far from hospitals. The number of women referred to Dr. Mbaruku’s hospital was reduced by 90 percent, indicating effective use of the medication by

Finally, comes consensus building— bringing together national-level decisionmakers to agree on the need to use the product to save women’s lives. At the request of the governments of Uganda and Kenya, Venture Strategies cosponsored policy meetings on maternal mortality, highlighting the opportunity to use misoprostol to improve women’s

Ndola Prata, M.D., M.Sc., an Angolan

“The goal of such meetings,” says

Melodie Holden, M.S., M.P.H. ’05, who

Other projects may hold promise for large-scale impact. Anke Hemmerling, M.D., M.P.H. ’04, a gynecologist working with the Bixby Program, will be running a cohort study at UC Berkeley to examine the effects of lemon and lime juice on the vagina in the hope that the juice may be safely used as a spermicide and virucide. Since this fruit is widely available and inexpensive around the world, demonstration of its safety and effectiveness could hold promise of protection from HIV for millions of women. In the end, the complementary nature of the School's sisterhood of entities concerned with women’s reproductive health creates a very powerful continuum of efforts. “We are responding to an agenda that is set by colleagues around the world,” explains Potts. “We bring essential skills to the equation.” Public Health

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Human Rights: Scholars Explore the Meaning of “Justice”

Eric Stover’s images of a funeral procession in Kosovo convey the suffering caused by violent conflict. In the lower right, a family in Guatemala witnesses the exhumation of a murdered family member.

Public health and human rights are complementary—and occasionally conflicting— approaches to promoting and protecting human dignity and well-being. Because of their training, health practitioners are wellplaced in society to promote human rights. Health care providers also have a duty to respect international standards of human rights and humanitarian law. Eric Stover, M.D., and Harvey M. Weinstein, M.D., M.P.H., and their colleagues have explored these linkages in their studies of the role of justice in the aftermath of genocide and war

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in Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia. Stover is director and Weinstein associate director of the UC Berkeley Human Rights Center, and both are faculty members in the UC BerkeleyUCSF Joint Medical Program. Together they have edited the recently published book, My Neighbor, My Enemy: Justice and Community in the Aftermath of Mass Atrocity (Cambridge University Press), in which they and their colleagues from the U.S. and abroad discuss institutional approaches to justice, social reconstruction experiments, and the experiences of survivors following two major

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human rights disasters of the 1990s, Yugoslavia and Rwanda. Writer Cathy Cockrell recently interviewed Stover and Weinstein for the campus newspaper, the Berkeleyan.

What prompted your research on how traumatized nations pursue justice and rebuild shattered communities? Eric Stover: Following the crises in Bosnia in the early 1990s and Rwanda in 1994, the international community came together and said, “We’re going to set up ad hoc war crimes tribunals to deal with this.” They wanted to bring justice to the victims, promote reconciliation and healing, and restore peace and security. And they made claims that tribunals would accomplish these ends. At the Human Rights Center, we looked at the growth of these tribunals and the push to establish a permanent International Criminal Court, and we asked ourselves: what can we understand about these processes? We felt that enough time had passed that we could start studying what effect the ad hoc courts were having on these societies as they began rebuilding after war and genocide.

Were there particular incidents that made you begin to question whether trials were accomplishing all that was being claimed? ES: In the summer of 1997 I was working in Bosnia with the photographer Gilles Peress. He and I were spending a lot of time with a group of Bosnian Muslim women, all of them refugees from Srebrenica. At one of our meetings, I said, “They’ve charged the highest Bosnian Serb leaders with genocide for the massacre at Srebrenica. What do you think of that? Will you participate in their trial?” Several of the older women became visibly upset; one of them started yelling and walked out. Later my interpreter said, “They want nothing to do with that U.N. tribunal in The Hague.” In effect, they were saying “the U.N. betrayed us by failing to stop the Serb forces when they were laying siege to Srebrenica

and massacring our men and boys. And now the U.N. wants to make up for it by setting up an international court, and call it ‘justice’?” So I had been as bad as the diplomats. I had been working on this assumption, while investigating mass graves throughout Latin America, that most—if not, all—victims wanted trials. But, no, the reality is that people see justice in very, very different ways. So it was an awakening to me, and I became curious.

What did your research teach you about international trials and their effectiveness? Harvey Weinstein: When we think of courts, we tend to think of the domestic legal systems we know. International courts and tribunals, on the other hand, are really new, and were set up to address situations of mass violence, ethnic cleansing, genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. So people didn’t know enough about what those most affected by these horrendous experiences consider to be important in rebuilding their lives. They made a lot of assumptions about what these trials could accomplish. The diplomats in particular took up this trope in the ‘90s: “We will have these trials, and they will lead to reconciliation.” Madeleine Albright, for one, is quoted over and over again making that claim. But in fact there’s no evidence to support that assumption. In the West we tend to think of retributive justice, of people having to get their due if they’re done wrong. Yet sometimes, for other people, justice is finding the bodies of their relatives who disappeared. Or getting a job. Or sending their kids to school every day and not worrying about it. And for them the idea of trials is not the most salient response to their pain. And then there are some people who want a trial because they want to go and testify, as Eric found in his witness study. We had multiple studies in many sites led by different colleagues; in the witness study, we interviewed

87 people who served as witnesses at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), to better understand the trials’ effects. [Stover’s book on this research, The Witnesses: War Crimes and the Promise of Justice in The Hague, will be published by University of Pennsylvania Press later this year.] We found that for some people there are altruistic reasons for going to testify in The Hague—because it would set the record straight for the betterment of everyone. ES: Another key finding is that all memories are local, and especially in war. What you remember about the war is that you were in your house when those soldiers in those uniforms, or those paramilitaries, came and they did this to you. And that remains paramount in your mind. So while some people are willing to go to The Hague, for instance, to testify against a commander they never saw, it’s not over for them. They still want to see local trials; they don’t feel justice is done until you get to the lower-level people directly responsible for the crimes.

So what feels like a “just” response may be, in part, a matter of individual personality—and presumably there’s also a cultural component? HW: Yes. It’s my sense that in Argentina, Chile, Latin America, formal trials are very, very important. In other parts of the world it may be different. For example, in Rwanda we found that there was much, much more support for legal proceedings that were local to Rwanda —such as the local alternative war-crime trials known as gacaca—than for high-profile trials held in another country. In fact, in one of our studies we found that 87 percent of Rwandans interviewed either were not informed or were poorly informed about the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, held in Arusha, Tanzania; it didn’t mean much to them. So then you have to ask, “Why is the international community pumping millions of dollars into this process if it doesn’t change peoples lives? What are the goals here?”

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Human Rights: Scholars Explore the Meaning of “Justice,” continued HW: Another article of faith is that war-crimes trials lead to deterrence of war crimes and will help prevent future genocides. There is no evidence to back that up. It has not worked yet. ES: Many of these traditional assumptions about the healing powers of international criminal justice are really only articles of faith. They have never been verified empirically. We simply want to believe these things. But that’s not good enough.

A forensic anthropologist presents x-rays of a skull revealing shrapnel from a .22 caliber weapon.

You’ve mentioned that there have been many assumptions about what trials accomplish—for instance that trials lead to social reconciliation. What are others? HW: “Revealing is healing.” That was the motto of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Lawyers like to think that if testimony on the witness stand will lead to catharsis, then that is going to lead to healing. The history of psychotherapeutic treatment and our own research indicate that that is not the way it works at all. ES: Some witnesses I interviewed talked about a cathartic experience. But many of them say that that momentary glow in the courtroom faded quickly as they returned to their destroyed communities. Some express real anger when they learn of the low sentences meted out to the defendants. Maybe it’s the commander of a patrol that killed members of your family, who only gets 12 years. And you go, “Well, that’s not justice! Why did I go and testify?” So our point is please, let’s just give the word “reconciliation” a rest, let’s give the words “catharsis” and “closure” a rest, because empirically things don’t necessarily happen the way we wish they would. 10

University of California, Berkeley

The two of you were in The Hague recently to share insights, based on research, with the International Criminal Court. What were some of your recommendations? ES: One [recommendation] follows what we’ve just been talking about. When you go into a post-war society—especially when there’s been ethnic cleansing and genocide, especially when it’s so widespread and there are so many people involved—you really need to get an understanding of what the people themselves want. It isn’t useful to come in ex cathedra and announce, “We’re going to set up an international tribunal to establish the truth and help everyone reconcile their differences.” Social rebuilding after genocide doesn’t work that way. War-crimes trials are important, but they are only one form of response. Many other responses—including rebuilding the economy and the national judicial system and bringing tolerance and democracy to the classroom—are equally important. It is a process that takes time and persistence. Another recommendation is based on our work in the former Yugoslavia. We found that people there tend to have a very distorted view of the ICTY. All they see in the media is that prosecutors are coming to their communities to arrest war criminals: the hunter and the hunted. They don’t understand that the court also consists of judges and defense lawyers, and that there are strict rules of evidence and procedure to guarantee fair and public trials for the accused.

So you need to set up an outreach program to let people know how the court operates, and what its objectives and limitations are. In cases with local defendants, the court must be proactive and reach out to the community ahead of the trial, to inform people about the trial process and that the court is not infallible, that there are no guarantees as to how the trial will turn out. HW: It’s critical to set up a parallel pedagogical process to teach people about war crimes and what these trials are about. And at the same time we must involve communities in ownership of the process. Unless there is ownership, it doesn’t mean much. So that’s been one of our recommendations. And the ICC gets it; they’re going to try to build on some of these mistakes and errors.

You write in your book about the need for an “ecological model” for rebuilding a society. What do you mean by that? HW: If you think back to 9/11, that’s four years ago, and people here are still enraged about it. Can you imagine living in a country where everything is destroyed, and where there are people all around you who participated in the destruction? We have to think much more sensitively about what that means for a community. In an ecological model, social reconstruction occurs at multiple levels and in many segments of society; there is constant awareness that change or interventions in any one domain have ripple effects across all of the other domains. Planning for change must take this into account. Further, we don’t tend to think in a very culturally sensitive, appropriate way about what it means to rebuild a society. Up until recently the international community has thought primarily about trials as the first step towards social reconstruction.

—Reprinted and edited from the original with permission from the Berkeleyan.

Feature

Environmental Health: Implications of Benzene Exposure in China by Sarah Yang

A new study of factory workers in China, led by researchers at the School of Public Health, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, has found that people exposed to low levels of the chemical benzene in the workplace had significantly lower blood cell counts compared to workers who were not exposed. The researchers found that white blood cell and platelet counts were lower even with exposure levels below one part benzene per million parts air, or 1 ppm. They also found that benzene exposure significantly lowered the number of progenitor cells, which include stem

cells, in the blood. These stem and progenitor cells are precursors to all blood cells. “We need more studies to fully understand what these changes mean,” says Martyn T. Smith, Ph.D., professor of toxicology and a senior author of the paper. “We need to look into what other kinds of biologic changes may be happening after benzene exposure in the bone marrow where blood cells are formed.” The study, published in the Dec. 3, 2005, issue of the journal Science and sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), was conducted in Tianjin, China, from 2000 to 2001. Researchers compared blood and urine samples from 250 people exposed to low levels of benzene in shoe manufacturing factories with a control group of 140 people working in clothing factories who were not exposed to benzene. They also

monitored the levels of benzene in the air over the course of 12 to 16 months. “Most of the prior studies focused on exposures to higher levels of benzene at work,” says Luoping Zhang, Ph.D., a researcher at the School of Public Health and co-lead author of the study. “Our study found that benzene had an impact on blood cell counts at lower levels of exposure.” Zhang has been working with Smith on benzene-related studies in China since 1992. She adds that this study is the first to find that benzene exposure affected the ability of progenitor cells to grow and multiply in humans. The findings on progenitor cells strengthens the link between benzene and leukemia, a cancer that begins with mutations in blood stem cells, according to the researchers.

Continued on page 12 Public Health

Feature

Environmental Health: Implications of Benzene Exposure..., continued

Benzene is a carcinogen regulated in the United States by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It is a clear, colorless liquid that evaporates easily into the air, occurs naturally in crude oil and is present in refined gasoline. Benzene is also used as a solvent in paints, adhesives, and paint removers, but use of the chemical for those purposes has decreased in recent years in the United States. It is also found in tobacco smoke. Announcing the Center for Occupational and Environmental Health’s 6th Annual Symposium Occupational and Environmental Health Research in the Developing World: Making a Difference October 28, 2005 Joseph Wood Krutch Theater Clark Kerr Campus University of California, Berkeley More information online at http://www.coehce.org

People can be exposed to benzene by smoking, breathing second-hand smoke, pumping gasoline, driving, and from air pollution. Elevated levels of benzene can occur in the air around gas stations, areas of high car traffic, and industrial plants that either produce or use it. The EPA limits the use and release of benzene, and regulations set by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration limit workplace exposure to a maximum of 1 ppm averaged over an eight-hour workday. In addition to measuring blood counts, the researchers examined inherited differences in genes that are involved in the metabolism of benzene in the body. They found that people with certain genetic traits were especially susceptible to the toxic effects of benzene on blood cells. Specifically, benzene-exposed workers with a genetic variant in the myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene had significantly lower white blood cell counts than exposed workers without this variant. It was Smith’s first doctoral student at UC Berkeley, David Eastmond, Ph.D. ’87, who discovered in 1986 that the enzyme MPO could metabolize benzene into toxic substances known as quinones. Eastmond is now a professor of toxicology at UC Riverside.

University of California, Berkeley

“MPO is critical because benzene itself is not the toxic agent in the body,” says Smith. “It is when benzene is oxidized into toxic metabolites that it becomes harmful.” The study also included people with a variant in a gene called NQO1, which the Smith lab has studied for many years. NQO1 is considered protective against the damaging effects of benzene exposure because it detoxifies quinones and associated free radicals. However, for reasons that are not completely understood, people with a variant form of NQO1 were found to be more susceptible to benzene toxicity in this study. “These results clearly support the need for more research on genetic susceptibility to benzene toxicity,” says Smith. The new findings build upon prior studies on benzene exposure in industrial workers in China. Those studies linked average benzene exposure levels of less than 10 ppm to risk of a range of bloodborne tumors and related disorders and to specific types of chromosome damage related to leukemia. But the researchers point out that studies on the effects of low benzene exposure have been contradictory and that the results from this study must be independently confirmed. Nevertheless, they say it is important to examine long-term health effects, such as increased occurrence of serious diseases of the blood system, including leukemia, in workers exposed to low levels of benzene. The research team also included investigators from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the New York Blood Center. Weihong Guo, M.S. ’04, an assistant specialist in Smith’s lab at the School of Public Health, also coauthored the study and helped collect the samples in China.

Feature

Infectious Diseases: Field Research Brings Attention to Diseases of Urban Poverty

by Michael S. Broder

Dr. Lee Riley (far left) collaborates with researchers at India’s Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences.

Why would a graduate student in public health sign up for Portuguese lessons? Possibly because Lee Riley, M.D., professor of epidemiology and infectious diseases, requires his students to know Portuguese to be considered for placement in his Salvador, São Paulo, or Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, field sites. Through a grant from the NIH’s Fogarty International Center, Riley offers qualified M.P.H. and Ph.D. students an opportunity to gain direct on-site experience in international field research. Riley’s work focuses on infectious diseases associated with urbanization. In particular, he is interested in tuberculosis (TB); infectious diseases that occur in the urban sprawls known as shantytowns; and drug-resistant infectious diseases. Most of Riley’s students who train in Brazil work on a project focusing on leptospirosis, a disease that flourishes in the shantytowns. In addition to Portuguese, students who wish to work in the laboratory in Brazil must learn lab techniques. “The students can start working immediately because the projects are ongoing,” says Riley. “In our Brazil site, they work with our collaborators, which include Brazilian medical and pharmacy students. It’s a team they can fit into immediately.”

In the Field, Students Learn the Meaning of International Research

In Brazil and India, Researchers Seek to Prevent the Spread of TB

The students work together with Brazilian counterparts in the shantytowns as well as in the laboratory. From these projects, they learn that international research is not about collecting specimens and data to bring back to the United States for analysis. Rather, they find, it is about making a difference in the places where the research is conducted, by maintaining long-term commitment, providing training, building and sustaining a research infrastructure on site, and building strong human relationships.

One-third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB, and three million deaths occur from the disease worldwide every year. While India reports the highest number of TB cases in the world, Brazil reports the highest number in the Americas. Riley began studying TB in India and Brazil before coming to UC Berkeley, working for the World Health Organization in India from 1988 to 1990, and then as a faculty member at Weill Medical College of Cornell University from 1990 to 1996. He continued his projects in Brazil after coming to Berkeley in 1996, and has initiated new projects on TB in India in the past two years.

For students working toward their master’s in public health, the activity also has the benefit of satisfying several requirements. “They can use their actual data that they collect in the field and put that together into a master’s paper, and that satisfies both the fieldwork requirement and their M.P.H. paper requirement,” says Riley. “Every one of them wants to go back,” says Riley. He notes that many students wind up pursuing projects in Brazil beyond their original plans.

In Brazil, Riley’s group has been training Brazilian researchers in the methods of using molecular biology tools to study the epidemiology of TB. Researchers have also been conducting population-based studies in São Paulo to identify risk factors for drugresistant TB and progression to active disease after a new infection. These projects have been supported by grants from the Fogarty International Center. In addition to training activities in Brazil, Riley’s group has provided TB training for students from Mexico, Guatemala, and Bolivia.

Continued on page 14 Public Health

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Infectious Diseases: Field Research Brings Attention to Diseases of Urban Poverty, continued Two years ago, through the initiative of Madhukar Pai, Ph.D. ’04, Riley’s group began a collaboration with the Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, a rural medical college in Sevagram, India, where Pai had been an instructor. Riley is still working on projects with the Mahatma Gandhi Institute as a result of Pai’s initiative, including a study of the TB skin test to see whether vaccination interferes with the outcome of the test. “Our study showed that actually, the skin test was very good at detecting natural infection. We didn’t really have to worry about the effect of the BCG vaccine,” says Riley. The study will be published in June 2005 in a special issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association dedicated to TB. Riley has begun a new project in India to examine factors related to progression to active disease in high-risk populations latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. “We’ve developed some products in my lab here from our basic science research that we think might potentially be used to predict who will progress to active disease if they are latently infected,” he says. “Only 10 percent of the latently-infected people will progress to develop actual disease,” he explains. “The problem is, we don’t know who will actually develop the disease from this latent infection. When a person develops active TB, it takes about six months before that person is diagnosed and then initiated on treatment. During that six months’ window period, he’s infecting other people. So without treating the people who are latently infected, we are never going to control TB. “One of the things we’ve been doing in the past year is trying to develop a therapeutic vaccine, meant to be given to people who are already infected, so that they’ll never develop the disease.”

In Shantytowns, Research Leads to Action Residents of shantytowns have limited access to the standard public services provided to the general population, including health care and education. Infectious diseases are rampant in these communities. Riley’s group has focused on a few key infectious diseases, such as leptospirosis, to bring attention to the problems faced by Brazil’s shantytown populations. For the past eight years, Riley has been studying leptospirosis in the shantytowns of Salvador, Brazil, in collaboration with his former postdoctoral fellow, Albert I. Ko, M.D., of Cornell University’s Weill Medical College, and with the Gonçalo Moniz Research Center of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. “The reason we study leptospirosis is because it is a paradigm for infectious disease of urbanization,” says Riley. “Leptospirosis occurs in rural areas too, but in the last 15 years or so, it’s become a major urban problem, especially in developing countries. “It’s a disease that’s transmitted by rat urine,” he explains. “During the rainy season, everything is flooded, and then the rat urine gets mixed in, and then the bacterium Leptospira bores through the skin and causes disease.”

The mortality rate for leptospirosis is very high-approximately 15 percent of those infected die from the disease. “By trying to understand why people get this disease and die from it, we are trying to bring attention to this problem,” says Riley. And their efforts have been successful: Brazil's Ministry of Health has asked the team to set up similar surveillances in other cities. In addition, as a direct result of the work of Ko’s team, the municipal government of Salvador, Brazil, will install a concrete pipe into a shantytown to prevent the contaminated flood waters from infecting the population. “We were able to show that living near open sewers was a very high risk factor for severe disease and infection with leptospirosis. We were able to say exactly what you need to do to correct this problem,” Riley says. “When the government brings in piping for water and sewage, that not only helps prevent leptospirosis but many other infectious diseases as well. “Can scientific research make an immediate difference? Here is a situation where we did make a difference, where we are still making a difference,” says Riley. “We still have a long way to go, but the very act of conducting research is contributing to improving health in these shantytowns. That’s our approach.”

The Global Burden of Tuberculosis Four people die from TB every minute somewhere in the world. One-third of the world’s population is infected with M. tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB. Eight million new cases of TB occur each year. Two to three million die from the disease each year. After HIV, TB is the most common cause of death from an infectious agent in adults. More people with HIV infection die of TB than any other opportunistic infection. More women die from TB than all maternal causes of death put together. More people died of TB at the end of the 20th century than at the end of the 19th century. In 1993, WHO declared TB a global emergency, the only disease ever to receive this recognition.

University of California, Berkeley

Past, Present, Future

William Griffiths, Ph.D.: Health Educator and Family Planning Expert Bill Griffiths, who passed away in 1998, was a presence on campus for nearly 50 years—29 years as a professor and 18 years as an active emeritus member of the faculty at UC Berkeley’s School of Public Health. Griffiths was well known as a pioneer in the field of health education and played a vital role in building the health education program’s international reputation as the program for future leaders of ministries of health and family planning in the developing world. A psychologist by training, he was a champion of applying the behavioral sciences to public health. He helped develop and refine methodologies of program planning and evaluation, community organization, and group process. Especially in his international work, he stressed the roles of needs assessment, leadership, power and influence, and the involvement of people in their own health behavior changes. “Griffiths’s research was intensely pragmatic,” remembered colleagues at the time of his death. “His underlying objective was to explore ways to deliver public health services more effectively to identified target populations, always recognizing the uniqueness of each situation.” Griffiths’s sensitivity to the structures of societies came into play in his early work in Native American communities—both before coming to UC Berkeley, working with the Chippewa in Minnesota, and after, as principal investigator on the Navajo Health Education Project from 1955 to 1962. The Navajo Project, under the purview of the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) and conducted on the Navajo Indian Reservation in Arizona, had the end goal of helping the USPHS’s Division of Indian Health improve delivery of hospital and field health services on the reservation. In addition to identifying certain needed changes in delivery systems, a major long-range outcome of this project was the stimulation of the

development of a training program for Native American public health workers at Berkeley and other schools of public health. Two subsequent projects in the 1960s and 1970s respectively, took Griffiths halfway around the world to develop family planning programs in Dacca, East Pakistan (now part of Bangladesh), and Nepal, a country particularly disadvantaged by geography and lack of natural resources. Despite the challenges of insufficient infrastructure and clashes (and ultimately war) between coexisting communities with vastly different religious and cultural beliefs and practices, both projects resulted in substantial local planning activity and the stimulation of indigenous career advancement. His work in family planning grew out of an awareness of the pressing need among his foreign students to address the problems of overpopulation in their countries. Initially he responded by establishing in 1958 the first academic seminars on family planning in this country. This, in turn, led to the opportunities for conducting action-research projects abroad. Griffiths’s Bangladesh and Nepal family planning projects, funded by the Ford Foundation, Population Council, and USAID, helped solidify the role of education in changing people’s behaviors and acceptance of family planning —especially recently developed non-invasive methods such as the contraception pill and intrauterine device (IUD).

In Bangladesh, the most-densely populated country in the world, Griffiths’s project influenced the course of the country’s second and third national five-year plans, which brought about long-term reforms in family planning and contributed to the growing success of the program in that country. The Nepal project had similar impacts on that country. Griffiths was widely sought as a consultant on public health and family planning and was engaged (often by former students) as a consultant and adviser to governments and non-governmental organizations in Burma (Myanmar), Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Iran, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tonga, and Turkey. He also served on the World Health Organization’s Expert Advisory Panel on Health Education. All told, Griffiths mentored more than 300 international graduate students. “Of all the things which Bill did in his busy life, he most loved teaching, mentoring, and working with the graduate students who came to him from the far corners of the earth for inspiration and methodology,” remembers his wife, Sylvie Griffiths, who was a great supporter of his work, often opening her home to the visiting scholars. “To guide them to an appreciation of the key questions for an understanding of health behavior and to stimulate them to seek new solutions to outstanding problems was his greatest satisfaction.”

Public Health

Past, Present, Future

From Horror to Hope: Working with Street Kids in Ecuador by Katherine Schlaefer, M.P.H. ’05

“The street is my home. It’s my worst addiction and my only family. I try to leave it, to change my life, but [the street] pulls me back . . . I love it and hate it the same way it loves me and hates me.” These sentiments are common utterances from the most vulnerable group on the streets in Ecuador: hard-core street youth. Ecuador, a country slightly larger than Colorado, with an estimated two-thirds of the population living below the poverty line, is home to the largest percentage of working street youth in all of Latin America. In contrast to the more than 100,000 working youth and 10,000 shelter-based youth, the estimated 1,000 hard-core street youth eat, sleep, work, play, and survive on the street without the support of family, shelters, or adult supervision. The family that should love them, abuses them, physically and sexually. Parents who should raise them, sell or abandon them. The authorities who should protect them, rob, beat, and humiliate them. The social services that should help them, deny them services, compassion, and dignity, and the communities that should include them, alienate, objectify, and defile them. I first came into contact with the children of the street in Ecuador while volunteering at Proyecto Salesiano in Guayaquil, the largest city in the country. For years, I had worked with underprivileged, at-risk and HIV-affected children in the United States, and in 2001, I decided to couple my interest in working with disadvantaged kids with my quest to learn Spanish. After spending a year in the shelter, on the streets, in the schools, and at the children’s homes, I learned not only the language, but also 16

University of California, Berkeley

Katherine Schlaefer (above, center) conducted health and medical outreach to street kids in Guayaquil, Ecuador.

the social and political structures that lead to the existence of street kids. Resources were so scarce that for many kids—especially the hard-core group in the streets—I was the first and only line of care for illness and injury. As I administered treatment for sexually transmitted diseases to children between the ages of 8 and 15 and learned more about their lifestyles at home and on the streets, I worried that HIV may be as great a threat to their health as violence, illiteracy, malnutrition, and other infectious diseases. When I began the study of public health nearly two years ago, I was determined to find ways to help the kids back in

Ecuador. Facing a dearth of data on the health indicators of the population, I conducted a pilot study for my summer internship; I investigated the health behaviors of the hard-core street youth, a group often neglected in other research due to their transience and volatility. After spending three months in the streets interviewing more than 275 street youth—260 males and 15 females between the ages of 8 and 24 years—I found the situation to be graver than I had imagined. All but one were sexually active. All of the females and one-third of the males were sexually abused in their homes and on the streets. All but nine had been raped at least once in their lives. All but one engaged in sex

Past, Present, Future

Through their daily struggle to survive, the resilience, resourcefulness, and hope exuded by street kids motivate me to listen, to care, and to help them transition to healthier lifestyles. exchange. More than three-fourths of the youth older than 14 had parented a child, and some had as many as six children. All of the 190 kids ever tested for an STD had tested positive. All but six were using crack, inhalants, and cigarettes on a daily basis. Two-thirds cut themselves regularly to deal with the “pain of their pasts” or the “withdrawal from drugs.” While I conducted interviews in the streets, the staff at shelters reported a

sudden influx of kids testing positive for HIV. Over this past winter break, I trained staff, who were perplexed and paralyzed by the disease, in HIV education and prevention. Upon finishing my master’s at the School of Public Health, where I learned about the interplay between politics, social systems, and health, I will return to Ecuador and continue working with the children of the street on advocacy, harm-reduction, and HIV-prevention initiatives.

Through their daily struggle to survive, the resilience, resourcefulness, and hope exuded by street kids motivate me to listen, to care, and to help them transition to healthier lifestyles. As they strain to kick their addiction to the street, I strive to find ways to fulfill my addiction to working with them in the pursuit of health and justice. — Katherine Schlaefer is the 2005 recipient of the UC Berkeley School of Public Health’s Henrik L. Blum Award for Distinguished Social Action. She will be returning to Ecuador this summer with a fellowship from the UC Berkeley Human Rights Center, and then again in September with a Fulbright grant from the U.S. Department of State & J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board.

Public Health

Past, Present, Future

International Health Care Leaders Convene in Berkeley and Barcelona for “Advanced Health Leadership Forum” Senior health care leaders from countries around the world gathered in Berkeley last January for the “Advanced Health Leadership Forum” (AHLF), a joint offering from University of California, Berkeley, and the Center for Research in Health and Economics (CRES), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. AHLF is a certificate-based international health program in which participants learn policies and management approaches that work; find out which approaches have been tried without success; and learn about current innovations. The program also teaches strategies for effective policy implementation and management. The curriculum consists of two seven-day sessions held six months apart, the first in Barcelona and the second in the San Francisco Bay Area. In consultation with faculty, participants select a project based on “real world” country or company issues, and continue to work with faculty advisors during the six-month interim. The first session of AHLF, which took place in Barcelona in July 2004, focused on policy. January 2005’s session in Berkeley focused on key management techniques, leadership training, and strategies for assuring quality and health system change. The diversity of participants and speakers was key to the interactive discussions and to the overall success of the program. The 22 participants hailed from England, the United States, Spain, Korea, the Netherlands, Germany, Estonia, and South Africa. Their employers included health maintenance organizations, the National Health Service, health ministries, public and private hospital organizations, insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, and health care research foundations. 18

University of California, Berkeley

Left: Leonard D. Schaeffer, Wellpoint, Inc. Below (left to right): Guillem LopezCasasnovas, Universitat Pompev Fabra, Barcelona; Richard Scheffler, UC Berkeley School of Public Health; Bruce Bodaken, Blue Shield of California.

Expert faculty were drawn from UC Berkeley, UC San Francisco, and six universities in Europe. Guest speakers included Harvey Fineberg, M.D., Ph.D., president, U.S. Institute of Medicine; Leonard D. Schaeffer, chairman, Wellpoint, Inc; Bruce Bodaken, president, chairman, and CEO, Blue Shield of California; John Kitzhaber, M.D., two-term governor of Oregon; Molly Joel Coye, M.D., M.P.H., founder and CEO, Health Technology Center Institute for the Future; Kenneth W. Kizer, M.D., M.P.H., president and CEO, National Quality Forum; David Lawrence, M.D., retired chairman, Kaiser Permanente; and additional executives from Kaiser Permanente, the United Kingdom’s National Health Service, WHO, the World Bank, and the European Union.

The originators of the program, Dean Stephen M. Shortell and Professor Richard M. Scheffler of the UC Berkeley School of Public Health and Professors Guillem Lopez-Casasnovas and Pere Ibern of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Barcelona, will launch the second cycle in Barcelona July 15–22, 2005, immediately following the “Fifth World Congress” of the International Health Economics Association. Part Two of the second cycle will take place in San Francisco January 6–13, 2006. For more information, see http://www.ahlf.upf.edu or e-mail ahlf@berkeley.edu.

Faculty News and Notes

Faculty News and Notes Lisa F. Barcellos, Ph.D., assistant professor of epidemiology, has received funding from the NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Strokes for “Genetic and Non-genetic Risk Factors in MS,” a large population-based study of several candidate genes, exposure to cigarette smoke, gene-environment interactions and reproductive risk factors in MS susceptibility and disease progression. Novel analytical methods will be used to identify the presence of multiple interacting risk factors. Michael Bates, Ph.D., M.P.H., adjunct

professor of epidemiology, has assumed leadership of “High Capacity SNP Genotyping in Arsenic Induced Disease,” a project which seeks to identify genes that influence susceptibility to the toxicity and cancer-causing properties of inorganic arsenic. At present, biochemical mechanisms underlying arsenic’s effects are unknown, but identification of susceptibility genes may point to critical metabolic pathways. The project is supported by the NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. John Colford, Jr., M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H.,

associate professor of epidemiology, and colleagues published a study in the March 1, 2005, issue of the American Journal of Epidemiology, looking at tap water and gastrointestinal illness. The study found that, in homes served by well-run water districts, an in-home water treatment device provided no additional protection from gastrointestinal illness. In the year-long randomized and blinded intervention trial, researchers found no significant reduction in symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting or abdominal cramps in those who used the home-filtered water compared with those who used a placebo device.

In October 2004, Colford announced findings from another study, this one looking at the health risks of water at San Diego beaches. Researchers interviewed 8,790 beachgoers about how much contact they had with the water. Ten days to two weeks later, the participants were asked if they had contracted any illnesses. The water was tested several times each day. The study concluded that despite the history of high bacteria readings, the beaches were safe for aquatic recreation. Researchers also discovered no link between the illnesses contracted by beachgoers and the types of bacteria public health officials test for and cite when posting beaches for contamination, suggesting that traditional testing methods may not be reliable indicators of whether water is safe for recreation. Denise Herd, Ph.D., associate professor

of behavioral sciences, has been named the School’s new associate dean for student affairs effective June 1, 2005, succeeding Barbara Abrams, Dr.P.H., R.D. Herd leaves the position of associate dean for public health practice, in which she will be succeeded by Jeff Oxendine, M.B.A., M.P.H., director of the School’s Center for Public Health Practice. Fenyong Liu, Ph.D., associate professor of virology, has received funding from the NIH Insitute of Dental Research for “AIDS-Associated Viral Infections in Human Oral Tissues.” This project will examine how the molecular mechanisms of identified viral determinants function in supporting human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in cultured buccal and gingival tissues. Study results will provide insights into the mechanism of CMV pathogenesis and the development of novel strategies for treatment and prevention of CMV transmission as well as infections in the oral cavity.

Sangwei Lu, Ph.D., assistant adjunct professor, is a member of the new Food Safety Research and Response Network, a multi-institutional, multidisciplinary team of more than 50 food safety experts from 18 colleges and universities, who will investigate several of the most prevalent food-related illness pathogens. The network is funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

The second edition of

Community Organizing and Community Building for Health, edited by Meredith Minkler, Dr.P.H.,

professor of health and social behavior, was published by Rutgers University Press in October 2004. The revised edition includes updated versions of a number of the original chapters, as well as new chapters and appendixes, addressing areas such as using community organizing to impact policy; using the arts in community building and organizing; online activism; and the role of cultural humility and systems change in building effective partnerships between local health departments and community residents. In October 2004, Minkler received the 2003 Dorothy B. Nyswander Award for Leadership in Health Education by the Northern California Chapter of the Society for Public Health Education. The award recognizes health educators who demonstrate the qualities and performance standards of Dorothy B. Nyswander, longtime UC Berkeley School of Public Health professor and health education pioneer.

Continued on page 20

Public Health

Faculty News and Notes

Faculty News and Notes, continued Linda Neuhauser, Dr.P.H., clinical professor, and S. Leonard Syme, Ph.D., professor emeritus, are leading a California study of eldercare, which will examine the needs of seniors and their family caregivers and will provide recommendations to improve home care after hospitalization. The study is funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. William A. Satariano, Ph.D., M.P.H., professor of epidemiology and community health, and School of Social Welfare professor Andrew Scharlach, Ph.D., are also collaborators.

Neuhauser and Syme are also examining the impact of a community-based initiative to prevent falls among seniors in Pennsylvania. The study, funded by the State of Pennsylvania, will test the effectiveness of a new resource: Pennsylvania’s Healthy Steps for Older Adults: A Guide to Preventing Falls,

developed by the School’s Center for Community Wellness.

Other projects at the Center for Community Wellness include development of UC Berkeley Parents Guides in Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean. This effort, funded by the California First 5 Children and Families Commission, will make the new guides available free to all new parents in California who speak these languages. The center has also received funding from the State of Arizona to develop a Parents Guide for Arizona Families, which will be distributed to new parents in Arizona later in 2005. And in another project at the center, Karen Sokal-Gutierrez, M.D., M.P.H., and colleagues are working with UC Davis on a CDC-funded grant to study the cost-effectiveness of breast-feeding programs in California.

University of California, Berkeley

Emily Ozer, Ph.D., assistant

professor, community health and human development, has received funding from the MetLife Foundation-ASPH Healthy Schools Initiative to develop and rigorously evaluate a model of promoting student nutrition in an instructional garden program in an urban middle school. The model improves upon current school garden curricula by adding a family component intended to strengthen the links between expected gains in nutrition knowledge at school with changes in actual eating behavior outside of school. The study will use a within-school design in which half of the garden classes at a middle school with an existing nutrition garden program will be randomized to receive the parent component. Quantitative and qualitative methods will be used to assess program impact on student nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy for healthy eating, self-reported nutritional and caloric intake, BMI, and abdominal fat. The findings from this pilot study will be used to support further research to study the impact of growing practice of school garden/nutrition education in California and nationally.

David R. Ragland, Ph.D.,

adjunct professor of epidemiology and director of the UC Berkeley Traffic Safety Center (TSC), was awarded a grant from the California Highway Patrol through the Office of Traffic Safety. The project will map five years of motor vehicle collision data in California and identify geographic areas where there is a high concentration of DUI (alcohol-related) collisions. Currently there is no centralized data source for geographically referenced motor vehicle collisions at the state level. Attempts to map these data have proven difficult due to poorly recorded collision location descriptions and outof-date street maps of local areas. Ragland and his group developed a method to estimate valid collision locations across California and to identify several areas with exceptionally high number of alcohol-involved collisions. Along with William A. Satariano, Ph.D., M.P.H., professor of epidemiolo-

gy and community health, and former research associate Kara MacLeod, M.A., Ragland has published a series of articles on various aspects of driving in seniors based on data from the Study of Physical Performance and AgeRelated Changes in Sonomans, a longrunning epidemiology study of seniors in Sonoma, California, headed by Satariano and Ira Tager, M.D., M.P.H., professor of epidemiology. Two articles are on driving limitation and avoidance among older drivers. The Gerontologist published “Reasons given by older people for limitation or avoidance of driving” in its April 2004 issue, and the Journal of Gerontology published “Problems with vision associated with limitations or avoidance of driving in older populations” in its September 2004 issue. Another article, “Driving

Faculty News and Notes

cessation and increased depressive symptoms” will be published in the later this year. These articles based on data from the Sonoma study are part of larger program of research on older drivers being conducted by the TSC. Journal of Gerontology

Lee Riley, M.D., professor

of epidemiology and infectious diseases, is lead author of a study published in the January

15, 2005, issue of which found that a string of urinary tract infections (UTIs) were likely caused by drug-resistant bacteria in meat or milk. Between October 1999 and January 2000, a single strain of was discovered to be responsible for drug-resistant UTIs in university communities in California, Minnesota, and Michigan. Researchers studied nearly 500 specimens of obtained from non-human sources such as cows, turkeys, dogs, sheep, and water. They found that one-quarter of the specimens were microbiologically indistinguishable from comparable human strains of . A more refined test showed that, of the drugresistant specimens, one from a cow had a 94 percent similarity to a UTIcausing human strain of The researchers concluded that the cause of the outbreak was probably foodborne. Clinical Infectious

Diseases,

E. coli

E. coli.

Richard M. Scheffler, Ph.D.,

Distinguished Professor of Health Economics and Public Policy and director of the Nicholas C. Petris Center on Health Care Markets and Consumer Welfare, has received support from the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers Association for “Defining the California Population

Who Need Assistance Regarding Access to, or Affordability of Prescription Drugs.” The three-month study will determine the numbers of individuals and families of four at different income levels who lack health insurance in California. It will also look at how these populations break out geographically across the state, and at factors such as race and gender. Scheffler has also received funding from the UC California Policy Research Center for “Designing Policies to Improve Medical Care for Underserved Minority Populations in California,” a six-month study to examine the supply of African American and Hispanic physicians in California by mapping historical migration patterns for these physicians, and projecting the future need for them given the state’s growing minority population. The study will also seek to determine the characteristics of geographic areas that these physicians leave and go to as they decide where to practice.

Julia Walsh, M.D., D.T.P.H.,

adjunct professor of maternal and child health, has received a grant from the Albert B. Sabin Vaccine Institute for “The Controversy and Obstacles Surrounding the Introduction of the Three Rotavirus Vaccines,” which looks at how to hasten the widespread use of new biotechnology discoveries in poor countries. She is assessing the process used by Mexico in certifying the new GlaxoSmithKline rotavirus vaccine in 2004 and its planned use in a national program later this year. Mexico is the first country in the world to approve and use this new vaccine. Other new pharmaceuticals can use the lessons learned from this study to shorten the usual 15–20 year wait between a drug’s approval by the U.S. FDA and its use in poor countries where the medical need is greatest.

Mark van der Laan, Ph.D.,

professor of biostatistics and statistics, has received the Van Dantzig Award, presented once every five years by the Netherlands Society for Statistics and Operations Research to a young researcher who has made exceptional theoretical or practical contributions to the field. Van der Laan received a medal with the portrait of Van Dantzig, who is seen as the founder of the scientific research in mathematical statistics in the Netherlands.

Public Health

Research Highlight

MENTAL HEALTH INDICATORS COMPARED IN CALIFORNIA COUNTIES In the first attempt to compare measures of mental health and general well-being among California’s general population on a county-level basis, health policy researchers at the School of Public Health found significant differences.

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“We expected that factors such a gender, income level, and amount of education would explain a certain amount of variation in mental health indicators across counties,” says Timothy Brown, Ph.D. ’99, associate director of the Petris Center and coauthor of the report. “The fact that variations across the state were found even after we adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic factors suggests that other factors are at play.” The analysis includes data from 55,428 adults who participated in the 2001 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), conducted by the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. The researchers compared responses to standard questions used to indicate mental health and general well-being, such as limitations on general activity or work due to emotional problems, sadness, anxiety, lack of energy, binge drinking, and perceived need for mental health care. “The questions were not meant to make 22

University of California, Berkeley

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The report, “Measuring Mental Health in California’s Counties: What Can We Learn?” was released January 19, 2004, by the Nicholas C. Petris Center on Health Care Markets & Consumer Welfare at UC Berkeley’s School of Public Health.

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A number of counties, including Sacramento and San Diego, scored higher than expected—with fewer reports of mental health problems—based upon their population’s socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. At the same time, Alameda and San Francisco counties were among those that scored lower than expected.

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a clinical diagnosis for the respondents, but were used to construct a comparative picture of mental health indicators in California counties,” says Daniel Eisenberg, Ph.D., formerly a research associate at the Petris Center and lead author of the report. Among the many other factors the researchers compared was state funding for mental health services. They report that statewide in fiscal year 2000–2001, the per capita average for mental health funding was $66. The highest ratio of dollars per population was in Santa Cruz at $140 per capita. Sacramento, which ranked high on mental health measures, had the lowest ratio of mental health spending at $16 per capita.

IMPERIAL

“This report raises more questions then it answers, but the questions are really important,” says Richard Scheffler, Ph.D., professor of health economics and public policy, director of the Petris Center, and coauthor of the report. “Why do the self-reported indicators of mental health differ so widely among the California counties even when you adjust for socioeconomic differences? Do the counties that scored higher have better-organized mental health systems? How are they spending their money? Are their treatment programs different? Finding the answers to these questions requires us to dig down and understand the mental health systems —both public and private—available in these counties.” — Sarah Yang

Research Highlight

MANY CHILDREN IN WORKING POOR FAMILIES ARE UNINSURED Recent strides have been made to increase health care coverage for low income children in California, but a significant number of children in working poor families remain uninsured, according to a new study by researchers at the School of Public Health. The study found that these children were far more likely to be uninsured and less likely to have a usual source of health care than were children from nonworking poor and nonpoor families. In addition, a larger proportion of children older than age two from working poor families either had never seen a dentist or had not received dental care in the previous two years of the survey. “This survey highlights the health access disparities that still exist in California,” says lead author Sylvia Guendelman, Ph.D., M.S.W., professor of health policy and management. “These are kids that are falling through the cracks in health coverage. They are from families whose incomes are too high to qualify for Medi-Cal, yet too low to afford their own health insurance and who do not have employer-sponsored health care.” The working poor are defined as households of four earning less than 200 percent of the federal poverty level, or $35,300 per year, and who did not rely upon Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) or Welfare to Work aid as their primary sources of income. According to the 2001 federal poverty guidelines used by the researchers, the annual income level for a family of four at the poverty level is $17,650. The authors of the study, published in the January 2005 issue of the monthly journal Medical Care, analyzed data from the 2001 California Health Interview Survey. Information from 16,528 children ages 17 and younger who had corresponding information on parental work status and income were included in the analysis.

These are kids that are falling through the cracks in health coverage. They are from families whose incomes are too high to qualify for Medi-Cal, yet too low to afford their own health insurance and who do not have employersponsored health care. The study found that 20.4 percent of children in working poor families were uninsured compared with 7.9 percent from poor and 3.8 percent from nonpoor families. In addition, 10.9 percent of children in working poor families did not have a usual source of healthcare, such as a regular doctor or community clinic, compared with 3.9 percent of children in nonworking poor families. Although the study found that health access disparities still exist, it also found reason to be optimistic. The study showed that fewer kids from working poor families are uninsured since California implemented the Healthy

Families program in 1998, a state-supported, low-cost insurance plan for children and teens who do not have other insurance or who qualify for Medi-Cal. According to state figures from 1994, as many as 32 percent of children from working poor families were without health insurance compared with 20 percent in the current study. The Healthy Families program, however, is vulnerable to cutbacks. Otherauthorsofthestudyare Veronica Angulo, M.P.H. ’98, and Doug Oman, Ph.D., adjuct assistant professor of maternal and child health. — Sarah Yang Public Health

Partners in Public Health

Partners in Public Health Donor Honor Roll 2003â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2004 The School of Public Health gratefully acknowledges the following individuals and organizations for their generous contributions from July 1, 2003, to June 30, 2004. $100,000 and Above Karl Peace Rosalind Singer $10,000 to $99,999 Ruth & John Bellows Patricia & Richard Buffler Paulette Meyer & David Friedman Sylvie Griffiths Richard Liu J. Michael Mahoney Edward & Camille Penhoet Allan & Meera Smith Kirk Smith & Joan Diamond $5,000 to $9,999 Gertrude & William Buehring Ranu Grewal-Bahl Frances Ann Hamblin Stephen & Susan Shortell Julie Still $1,000 to $4,999 Peter Carpenter & Jane Shaw Pansy Chan Alice Chetkovich Alfred & Eunice Childs Nilda Chong Linda & James Clever Abla & Frank Creasey Margaret Deane Gerald & Lorraine Factor Susan & James Foerster Elizabeth Fray Wallace Gee Marcia & Sergio Gerin Patricia & Richard Gibbs Robin Gillies Shand & William Green Amanda Hawes Jonathan Hayden David & Katharine Hopkins Catherine & James Koshland Eleanor Langpaap Risa Lavizzo-Mourey Virginia & Franklin Lew Nancy Lusk Marion Nestle Daniel Perlman Janet Perlman & Carl Blumstein Roger Pool Lisa & John Pritzker Esther Quirolgico Shirley Roberts Jeanine & Guy Saperstein Michelle Schwartz Irving & Irma Tabershaw Kenneth Taymor & Elizabeth Parker Eric Vittinghoff

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$500 to $999 Lillian & Dudley Aldous Pamela & Rodrick Alston John Banagan Robert & Meg Beck Joan & Howard Bloom Seiko Baba Brodbeck Andrew Calman Farah Champsi Po-Shen Chang & Julie Craig-Chang Robert & Susan Crane Ursula & Jeffrey Edman Patricia Evans Michael & Sandra Fischman Orville & Ellina Golub Joyce Gray David Harrington & Denise Abrams James & Patricia Harrison Eric & Patt Herfindal Roland & Barbara Hong Jeffrey Kang & Brenda Lee-Kang Julia Klees Huy Le Francina Lozada-Nur Marlene & Gadi Maier Stuart & Judith Marylander Anjali Morris Mary & Raymond Murakami Regina Mushabac Amy Neuwelt Mary & Craig Noke Artist Parker Shirley Roach Beth Roemer & Daniel Lewis Zak Sabry & Ruth Fremes Shoshanna Sofaer Paul Swenson May-Choo & Lingtao Wang David & Kathryn Werdegar Annie Worth Matthew Zack $250 to $499 Joan & Ernest Altekruse Ramona Anderson Cheryl Barth & Tom McCurdie Joyce Berger Arthur Bikangaga Lois Brady & Daniel Phillips Ray & June Catalano Nick Chiotras Douglas & Jacqueline Corley David Crouch Richard & Arlene Daniels Sandra & Jerry Dratler John & Marlene Eastman

Susan Eckhardt Susan Erickson & Thomas Daniel Julie Fishman Sara Frank Dava & Donald Freed Michael Gallivan Wendi Gosliner & Michael Pierce Mary Grah Frederick Grose Nelden & Victoria Hagbom D.J. & Barbara Hansen Thomas Hazlet Glenn & Jan Hildebrand Robert Hosang & Joyce Yap Shu Huang Robert & Barbara Jackson T.S. Jones Irene & Kiyoshi Katsumoto Laurence Kolonel Robert Lowe & Michelle Berlin Donald & Elaine Ludwig Michael Magnani Robert & Katherine Manson Elizabeth Martini Arthur McIntyre Jeffrey Newman Jeffrey & Lydia Oxendine Martin & Muriel Paley Catherine & Roderic Park Carol Parlette Myrto-Xeni & Andrew Petreas Frederick Pintz & Helen Fragua William Plautz & Kathleen Welsh Malcolm Potts & Martha Campbell Kathleen Regilio Arthur Reingold & Gail Bolan Barbara Rever & Jerry Ginsburg Edward Reyes Kathleen Ries & Stephen McCurdy James Robinson & Juliann Sum Martha Roper Thomas Rundall & Jane Tiemann Deborah & Leo Ruth Lynette Sawyer & Kent Dupuis Lewis Scarpace & Michele Cohen Richard Scheffler Janet Schilling Nancy & Robert Shurtleff Barton & Kathy Simmons William & Jacqueline Smith Richard Sun John & Gail Swartzberg Barbara & Alfredo Terrazas Roy Thompson John Troidl Ashley & Paul Turek R. Berna Watson Michael Weiss & Sarah Cox Katherine & Robert Westpheling Carol & George Woltring Brian Wong & Cindy Gok Susan Yeazel & Richard Seegers

$100 to $249 George & Susan Abbott Barbara Abrams & Gary Root T. Elaine Adamson & Edward Gould Ellen & Paul Alkon Claudia & Ralph Alldredge Nancy Altemus Stevan & Catalina Alvarado Adele Amodeo John & Eleanor Anderson Mercedes Anderson Richard & Carlene Anderson Neal Asay Ann-Marie Askew Gayle Atwell-Quinn Margaret Bradford Aumann & Donald Aumann Betty Austin Howard Backer Richard Bailey Dean Baker Walter & Nancy Ballard John Balmes & Sherry Katz Ann Banchoff & Christopher Grover John Barker John & Patricia Barnett Marina Baroff Michael Bates Judith Bear John Beare Jaime Biderman & Lauren LeRoy Michael Bird Gladys & Clifford Block Robert & Judith Blomberg Sylvia Bloom Martha Boccalini & Heino Nitsche Jane Borchers Maria & Shawn Bovill Frances Bowman Judith Bramson Joseph Brazie Donald Brecker & Ann Darling Barry Brillant Claire & Ralph Brindis Andrew Brown Claude Brown James & Judith Brown Jeffrey & Cathleen Brown Robert Brown & Susan Wilson-Brown Marcia Brown-Machen & Terry Machen Nora Brusuelas Katherine Bryon & Todd Kotler Linda Burden Robert & Elaine Burgener Michael Butler Evelyn Caceres-Chu & Albert Chu Phillip Calhoun Lee & Michael Callaway Eleanor & John Callison

Partners in Public Health

Glennda & Louie Campos Gerri Cannon-Smith Gretchen & Charles Carlson Mark Carlson Patricia & Fritz Carlson Teresa & John Carlson Ralph & Betty Carpenter Diana Cassady Peggy Chan & Frederick Gladstone Raymond & Grace Chan Uma Chandran & Shekhar Venkataraman Patricia & Scott Charles David & Stacie Cherner Steven Cherwon Chin Long & Fu Chen Chiang Michael & Jan Clar Kim & Susan Clark Carol & Ronald Clazie Dolores & Samuel Clement Davida Coady Ashley & Kenneth Coates Christine & Timothy Collins Peter Compton Carol & S. Bruce Copeland Bernard Cordes Laurence Corp Martin & Diane Covitz Molly Coye Viola & George Craig Alia Creasey Michael & Nan Criqui Dorothy Crouch Edwin & Naomi Curtis Helena & James Daly Dale Danley Robert & Jan Darter David Dassey & Mark Zellers Gary & Martha Davidson Robert & Merle Davis Stephen Davis Amy & Mark Day Vivian Day Brandon & Shirley DeFrancisci Kathryn De Riemer Sigrid Deeds Orville & Helen Deniston Louise Detwiler Debra & Michael DeZarn Susan & Bill Diamond Ronald Dieckmann & Patricia Gates Doris & Carl Disbrow Sandra & Richard Dixon John & Betty Donnelly Barry Dorfman & H. Leabah Winter Hellan & Bradley Dowden Caroline & Michael Drinnan Jacquolyn Duerr & Alberto Balingit Catherine Edgett Leland & Marta Ehling

Joseph Engelman Rochelle Ereman Brenda Eskenazi & Eric Lipsitt Donald & Charlene Faber David & Ellen Feigal Lynn & Kurt Fielder Ruth Fiscella Kari Fisher Anita & Harold Fitzsimmons Valerie Flaherman Carol & James Floyd Neil Flynn Mary Foran William Foster Karen Franchino & Reed Foster Robert Frangenberg & Ingrid Lamivault Constance Fraser Jill & Sandy Friedman Katharine & Daniel Frohardt-Lane Daniel Funderburk David Gan Laura Gardner Tamara Gardner Nicole & H. Jack Geiger Jack & Karen Geissert Suzanne Gilbert Nancy & Sasha Gilien Virginia Gladney Nicki & Peter Gleick Martha Goetsch & Linda Besant Brenda Goldstein Kathy & Richard Goldstein Erica & Barry Goode Mildred Goodman Philippa Gordon & Stephen Talbot June Goshi & Samuel Sweitzer Laurel & Michael Gothelf Alan Gottlieb Marian & Roger Gray Sharon & Barry Gray Linda Greenberg & Hiroshi Motomura William & Lynda Gross Richard Grundy Sylvia & Simon Guendelman Gail Gullickson Karen & Richard Gunderson Joseph Guydish Margaret Haase Corazon Halasan Charles & Susan Halpern Jean Hankin Howard Hansell Phyllis Hecker Daniel Hernandez Irva Hertz-Picciotto & Henri Picciotto John & Rebecca Hess Judith Heumann & Jorge Pineda Alfred & Stella Hexter Carolyn Hoke-Van Orden & Frank Van Orden Nina Holland

Arthur Hollister Suzanne & Christopher Horsley Patricia & Harry Hosel David Hoskinson John Hough Colin & Jacquelyn Hubbard Estie & Mark Hudes Marjorie Hughes Priscilla Ilem Deborah & Martin Inouye Robert & Beverly Isman John & Lillian Iversen Betty Izumi & Geoffrey Koch Max Jack Olive & D.M. Jack James Jackson Loisann Jacovitz Brennan & Fitzgerald James Roland & Reona James Patricia & John Jensen Dana Jones Jerry & Darlene Jones Alma & Ian Kagimoto Kathleen Kahler & Brian Stack Soo-Hyang Kang A. Arlene Kasa Leanne & Richard Kaslow Jane Kenyon Laura Keranen & Desmond Gallagher Kenneth & Marchelle Kesler Ahmed Kilani Katherine Kim James & Sarah Kimmey Arlene & David Klonoff Jean Kohn Thomas & Shirley Ksiazek Ruby Kuritsubo Clement & Donna Kwong Joan Lam Andrew Lan Rebecca Landau Suzanne Larson & Jeffrey Bartfeld Abiose Lasaki Joyce & Richard Lashof Doris Lauber Jill Lederman Kelvin Lee Philip Lee Melisse Leung Robert Levenson Donald Lewis Tracy Lieu William Light & Robin Vernay-Light Zihua Lin & Shengping Yang Lois Lindberg David Lindquist Sheri Lippman Judith & Richard Litwin Fenyong Liu & Sangwei Lu Suzanne Llewellyn Marjorie Lollich Diane Long

Kate Lorig Leslie Louie & David Bowen Ying Lu & Weizhao Zhou Laura Ludvigson Robert & Sharlene Lund Stephen & Linda Lustig Claudia & Robert Lutz Mark Mammarella David Mark Grayson & Sally Marshall John Martin Michael & Jeanee Martin David Matherly Marjorie & Robert McCarthy Sarah McCarthy Gary McCauley Kay & Daniel McGough Alan & Margaret McKay Marta McKenzie & Lawrence Chapter George & Joanne McKray

Decade Club Recognizing alumni and other individuals who have given for the past 10 years consecutively. Claude Brown Patricia & Richard Buffler Linda Burden Alice Chetkovich Alfred & Eunice Childs Martin & Diane Covitz John & Marlene Eastman Michael & Sandra Fischman Katharine & Daniel Frohardt-Lane Wallace Gee Carol Giblin Virginia Gladney Sylvie Griffiths Joseph Guydish Jean Hankin Glenn & Jan Hildebrand Patricia & Harry Hosel David Hoskinson Estie & Mark Hudes A. Arlene Kasa Nancy Lusk Joan Milburn Donald & Elizabeth Minkler Meredith Minkler & Jerry Peters Mary & Craig Noke Mildred Patterson William & Mary Jane Reeves Shirley Roach Nancy & Robert Shurtleff Rosalind Singer Robert & Patricia Spear Public Health

Partners in Public Health

School of Public Health Policy Advisory Council Margaret Cary, M.D., M.B.A., M.P.H. (Chair) Deputy Chief Business Officer for VA+ Choice, Veterans Health Administration Raymond J. Baxter, Ph.D. National Senior Vice President, Community Benefit Kaiser Foundation Health Plan and Hospitals Larry Brilliant, M.D., M.P.H. Founder and Chair, Seva Foundation Peter F. Carpenter, M.B.A. Founder, Mission and Values Institute Alfred W. Childs, M.D., M.P.H. Physician Linda Hawes Clever, M.D., M.A.C.P. Chief, Occupational Health, California Pacific Medical Center Founder, RENEW Abla A. Creasey, Ph.D. Vice President, Biological Sciences ALZA Corporation John W. Eastman, Ph.D., M.P.H. President, Public Health Alumni Association Lauren LeRoy, Ph.D. President and CEO, Grantmakers in Health Nancy K. Lusk Chairman of the Board, The Lusk Company Martin Paley, M.P.H. Management Consultant Arnold X. C. Perkins Director, Alameda County Public Health Department J. Leighton Read, M.D. General Partner, Alloy Ventures L. James Strand, M.D., M.B.A. General Partner, Institutional Venture Partners Kenneth S. Taymor, Esq. Attorney-at-Law, MBV Law LLP Barbara S. Terrazas, M.P.H.

Margaret Cary (right), chair of the School of Public Health’s Policy Advisory Council, hands Dean Shortell a check to match pledges from the graduating class of 2004. 26

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Lou McLaren & Randall Gates Sara McMenamin & Joel Kosakoff Rosa Medina Robert Meenan Hellmut Meister Mark Mendell Ruth & Harry Metzger James & Nancy Meyers Yinghui Miao Carlo & Sylvia Michelotti Leslie Mikkelsen Joan Milburn Robert & Faith Miller Walter & Gwendal Miner Donald & Elizabeth Minkler Peter Minkow Janet Mohle-Boetani & Mark Monasse Lois Moore Lela & Walter Morris Frank Mycroft & Sue Tsang Ralph & Jane Myhre Ruth Nagano George & Patricia Nakano Poki Namkung David Nelson Carolyn & John Nelson Linda Neuhauser & Craig Buxton Robert Newell Beata & Harlen Ng Mark Nicas & Jennifer McNary Patricia & Robert Nisbet Robert & Janiece Nolan Jean Norris & Bluford Hestir Barbara Norrish Charlotte Noyes David Null Ann & John Nutt Diana Obrinsky & M. Donald Whorton Somao & May Ochi Mary O’Connor & Emil Brown Cynthia & Brian O’Malley David & Mary O’Neill Martha Osterloh & William Curtis Ralph Paffenberger & Joann Schroeder Gargi Pahuja John Palmer Edward Panacek Valentine Paredes Marie & Ronald Pasquinelli Richard & Martha Pastcan Marie & Roy Pearce Leonard & Charlotte Peck Barbara & Raymond Pedersen Karen Peifer Jane Perkins & John Rubin Leland & Kristine Peterson Nicholas & Patricia Petrakis Mary Philp Alta Picchi Douglas Pike Mary Polan

Donald & Ann Porcella Catherine Prato Sarah & Steven Presser Michele Prestowitz Karen & Robert Pridemore Denise & Michael Prince Harper & Leonisce Puziss Cheng Qin Kelvin Quan & Karen Lam Barbara Raboy Florence & Paul Raskin Reimert & Betty Ravenholt David Rempel & Gail Bateson Kenneth Renwick & Trish Rowe Joseph & Nancy Restuccia Jackie & Robin Reynolds Renee Richards Patricia & James Riddell Deborah Ridley & Richard Nenoff Lois Rifkin Alice Ring & Robert Diefenbach Anna Lisa Robbert Silvestre & Victor Silvestre Gordon & Whit Robbins Maria Roberts Mary & Carl Rodrick Jocelyn Rodrigues Marlene Roeder Margaret Romeis Romina Romero Anthony & Barbara Rooklin Allan & Ellen Rosenberg Alice Royal Sheryl Ruzek & James Griesemer Theodore & Gayle Saenger Jose Salazar Sidney & Sally Saltzstein Sarah Samuels & Joel Simon Gopal & Andrea Sankaran Laura Santos & Wilton Castro Marjorie Scharf Gregg Schnepple Steven & Sally Schroeder Peter Schultz Stephen Schultz & Mary Pacey Carmen Schwagerl & David Juszczyk Betty Seabolt William Seavey Steve & Nancy Selvin Duane & Arnita Sewell Jennifer Shaw Donna Shelley Sharon Sherman Tina Sherwin Betty Shindel-Brandt Takeo & Maye Shirasawa Sharon & Scott Shumway Elizabeth Shurtleff Jessica Siegel John Sieverding & Elizabeth Tapen-Sieverding Marilyn Silva & Warren Musker Robert Simon Jennifer & Scott Sinclair

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Jeremy Zhou Ann Zukoski

The 9th annual UC Berkeley Public Health Heroes Awards Ceremony was held March 18, 2005. Left to right: Presenter Christopher Edley, dean, Boalt Hall School of Law; master of ceremonies George Strait, UC Berkeley assistant vice chancellor for public affairs; Peter Lee, president & CEO, Pacific Business Group on Health (Organizational Hero); Margaret Cary, chair, School of Public Health Policy Advisory Council; Robert Birgeneau, chancellor, UC Berkeley; Stephen Shortell, dean, UC Berkeley School of Public Health; presenter Thomas Davies, Verizon; International Hero Ciro de Quadros; presenter David Brandling-Bennett, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; National Hero Sarah Weddington.

Phoenix Sinclair Mitchell & Bonita Singal Jessie Smallwood Joanna Smith Lester & Pauline Smith Margaret & Lloyd Smith Nicole Smith Sharon & Harry Smith Lorraine Smookler Karen Sokal-Gutierrez & John Gutierrez Helen & Malcolm Sowers Jeanette Spangle & Alan Walfield Robert Sparks Robert & Patricia Spear Kristina Staros Constance Steele & Steven Drown Christopher & Ashley Stephens Edith & Guy Sternberg William & Suzy Stewart Howard & Virginia Stiver Robyn Stone Corwin & Adrian Strong Mark Sullivan Roberta Sung Laurence & Ann Sykes Hiroshi & Reiko Takahashi Judith & William Taylor William & Virginia Taylor Irene & Marsh Tekawa Corinna & William Tempelis Hosea Thomas Mary Haven & Richard Thompson Pamela Thompson Verdie Thompson Beth & Robert Thurlow Diane Tokugawa & Alan Gould Claudine Torfs Robert Traxler

Laura Trupin Robert & Allene Tumelty Jenifer & Stephen Turnbull Sandra & R. Dennis Tye David & Marcia Vastine Jack Vermillion Ann & Frederick Vescial Barry & Susan Wainscott Elspeth & D.A. Walker Mary Ann Wampler & Philip Bierman Amy Wang & David Liao Resa Warner Charles & Manuela Watson Ellen Weber Walter Weick & Linda Robrecht Harvey & Rhona Weinstein Peggy Wellman & Loren Dacanay Ardyce Wells Virginia & Wallace Wells Kathleen Wesner & Daniel Sullivan Patricia & Phillip West Leland & Lene White John Williams Michael & Danelle Williams Willie Williams Richard & Andrea Winden Warren & Veva Winkelstein Terry Winter Lynne Wittenberg & James Feathers Channing Wong Otis & Teresa Wong Walter Wong Evaon Wong-Kim & Jean Kim Kathryn Wymore Sallie Yoshida & Max Kelley Katherine Yu & David Su Habteab Zerit

$1 to $99 Jerome & Lacey Adams Dorothy Aeschliman M. Bridget Ahrens Jerianne Alberti Carolyn Albrecht Tammy & Peter Allen Richard & Sue Ames Calvin & Laura Anderson Henry & Virginia Anderson Meredith Anderson Russell Anderson Bradley & Elizabeth Appelbaum Tania & James Araujo Jane & John Armacost Jennifer Armstrong-Wells & Jason Wells Christina Atwood Virginia Axenfield Katherine Baer Anna Bagniewska Octavia Baker Shelly Ball Martha Baptie Philippa Barron & Jeffrey Pilsuk Elaine Base Amy Bassell-Crowe & Jeffrey Crowe Robert & Linda Bates Herbert & Hanna Bauer Genevieve Beach Kevin & Lori Beagan Gerald & Pamela Beck Godfrey Becks & Patricia Malicoat-Becks Duane & Pamela Beddoes Robin Bedell-Waite & Thomas Waite James & Lisa Behrmann Benjamin & Nicole Bellows James Bellows & Linda Rudolph Stephanie Bender-Kitz & Kevin Kitz Lesley Bennett Lester & Evelyn Bennett Gale Berkowitz Muriel & Paul Beroza Lise Bertrand Norman & Vivian Bessac Edward Bitarakwate Annette Blackman-Barkan & Howard Barkan Carolyn Blackwood Babette & Sydney Bloch Jolene & Samuel Bodily Carissa Bongiorno & Richard Valeika Elizabeth & James Bowe George & Linton Bowie W. Thomas & Jill Boyce Joan Bradus & Dale Friedman

Jeffrey Braff Ellen & Nelson Branco Russell Braun Wendy Breuer & Charles Crane Letitia Brewster & David Walton Catherine Briggs & Hamouda Hanafi Megan Briggs Tangerine Brigham Yvette Brittain Rachel Broadwin Tim-Allen Bruckner Linda Bryant Mary Bundorf & Abiathar Phillips Alexandre Bureau Walter & Gloria Burt Allyn & Mark Callahan Barbara Campbell Sharan Campleman Edith Canfield Thomas & Marilyn Capener Ann Capriotti-Hesketh & Peter Hesketh Kristen Carney James Carpenter Sarah & Timothy Carroll Arthur Castillo Edward & Joann Cavenaugh Sue Chan Shawn Chandler Hwa-Gan & Keh-Minn Chang Mary Chapman Roger & Nancy Chapman Susan Chapman & Steve Whitelaw Yue-Mei Cheng Roland & Sophie Chin Mary Chisholm Erica Choi Eric Chow Thomas & Helen Chow Noel & Judith Chrisman Joyce Chung Christine Ciesielski-Carlucci & Tom Carlucci Michele Cinq Mars & John Neil Louis & Margaret Coccodrilli Pamela Cocks Seymour Cohen Joseph & J. Ruth Colley Peggy & James Colman Jean & Henry Conserva Laura & Stanley Conway Luciano & Jan Corazza Kitty Corbett & Craig Janes Margot & Mario Corona Barbara Cowan Lawrence & Constance Cowper Marguerite Cowtun & Henry Terrell James Crouch Carol & James Cunradi Melissa Daigle Peter & Gwen Dailey Public Health

Partners in Public Health

Loring & Ann Dales Rupali Das-Melnyk & Ostap Melnyk Harry & Laurie Davis Nadyne Davis Mary Deems Marlene Dehn Alma Deleon-Nwaha & Tanimu Nwaha Elizabeth Dell Diane Liu de Morelos Patricia & Walter Denn Robert & Margo Derzon Sylvia De Trinidad Rhea & Rajan Dev James & Dorothy Devitt Mamadou Diallo & Ouda Kamagate Esther & Gifford Dickel Melissa Diehl Maureen Dion-Perry & Edward Perry Jeane Doncaster David & Reade Dornan Toby Douglas Harriet & Albert Draper Erin Dugan & Brian Purcell Ellen Dunn-Malhotra & Ripudaman Malhotra Debra Durchslag & Craig Zarley Kathleen Dylan Donna Eadie Jennifer Eames Kathleen Earnhart David & Elizabeth Eastmond Carey Eberle Kristie Ebi Molly & Kevin Efrusy Marcella Egenes Jose Eguia Kathleen & Gerald Eisman Virginia Elahi Richard Emmons & Barbara Voorhees-Emmons Katherine Eng Evelyn Ericson Richard & Barbara Ernst Yvonne Esler Shelley Facente Barbara Famularo Glenn & Marian Farrell Diana & Harold Feiger Judith Feinson Katherine Feldman Sue Felt Flora Fernandez Robin & Mark Fine Gerald & Linda Finer Elaine Fineran Janet & Thomas Foos E Lynn Fraley & Kenneth Lindahl Donald & Diana Francis Ellen Frank

University of California, Berkeley

Julie Frederick-Metos & Tim Metos Sarah & S. Robert Freedman Jonathan Frisch Chris Frisiras Jonah Frohlich & Elizabeth Payne Marilyn & Charles Froom Elena Fuentes-Afflick Kathleen Fullerton Gordon & Peggy Fung Eileen Galloway Carole & Carl Garner John Garrison Theresa & Michael Gasman Joan Gates Liliane Geisseler & Svein Rasmussen Betty & G.L. Gendler Daniel Gentry Susan & Leslie Gerber Robyn Gerdes Dana & Bradley Gerstein Carol Giblin Sterling & Vivian Gill Philip & Geneva Gillette Leonardo Goe Jan Goldthwait Phyllis & Henry Gomez Adrienne Goodman Ramya & Ramesh Gopalan Joan Gorrell Gloria & Alfonso Grace Michael & Kazue Granich Howard Graves & Julie Baller Wavy Gravy & Jahanara Romney Nathaniel & Ella Greenhouse Jenalynn & William Greer L. Martin & Joyce Griffin Nori Grossmann Richard Gustilo Terrance & Lily Hall Rebecca & Steve Hambright Mary & Paul Hamer S. Katherine Hammond Marian Hampton Margaret Handley & Leif Hass Jovine Hankins Frances Hanson Lynne Haroun Robert & Martha Harrell Joan Harris Martha Hartmann Wendy Hartogensis Roger Haskell Alice Haverland Mary & Richard Hedrick Julia Heinzerling Kristin Hele Kathleen Hellum & W.R. Alexander Susan Helmrich & Richard Levine Darryl Henley & Shelly Hamilton Maureen Henry Suzanne Herron

Dorith Hertz Elizabeth & David Hibbard Elaine & Joseph Hiel Marisa Hildebrand Warren & Miriam Hill Beverly & Hugh Hilleary Donald & Marie Hochstrasser Guenter & Karen Hofstadler Susie Osaki Holm Ralph Hornberger Rita Hose Sumi Hoshiko & Stuart Ozer Elizabeth & John Howe Teh-Wei & Tien-Hwa Hu William Humble Constance Huye & Lance Smith Ernesto Iglesias Cheryl Iny Ellen & Donald Irie Kiersten Israel-Ballard Mary & Yoshio Itaya Nancy & Kurt Jackson Mary & Kraig Jacobson William & Robyn Jagust Susan Jamerson Dorothy & Arthur James Elizabeth James Priscilla & Kenneth Jamieson Jessica Jeffrey Marie Jenkins Steven Joffe Lucy Johns Rachel Johns Bruce Johnson & Helen Porter Nina & Kenneth Johnson Andrea Jones Marilyn Robbie Jossens & Lawrence Jossens K.K. Jurich James Kahn & Rani Marx Ann & Ronald Kaneko Barry & Toni Kaplan Jane Kaplan & Andrew Condey Gerald Kataoka Marjorie Keck William Keene Steffi & Josh Kellam Susan & Daniel Keller Donald Kemper & Molly Mettler Margo Kerrigan John Kim Lillian Kline Karl & Sarah Klontz Arthur & Laura Kodama Masako Koga & Richard Murakami Jill Korte Kathryn Kotula Anthony Kozlowski Gloria Krahn Betty Krebs Peter & Elizabeth Krewet Geetha Krishnan Leighton Ku

Dorthy Kuhn Mark Kutnink Darwin & Merrily Labarthe Arthur & Jane Lande Bruce & Phyllis Lane Dorothy & David Latter Annette Laverty Phuoc Le Janet Leader Frances & Ronald Ledford Amy Lee Mei-Yu Lee Richard & Christine Lee Roberta Lee Michael Lemle Heidi Lerner Carl Lester Jessica Levine Sylvia & Bernard Levinson Alexander Levy Beverly & John Levy Arline Lewis Annette Lewis Wendy Leyden Song Liang Liana Lianov Shi Liaw Adrienne & Van Horn Lieu Albert Lilienthal Hannah Lim Samuel Lind Jean & Robert Lindblom Kris Lindstrom Eva & Henry Linker Edwin Linsley Sibylle Lob & Robert Badal Shanon Loftus Lois & Donald Lollich Geoffrey Lomax Peggy Loper & Michael McShane Diane & Bill Louie Cheryl & Clyde Lovelady Bert Lubin Betty Lucas & Gordon Jackins Roger Luckmann Anne & Charles Ludvik Andrea Lum Joan Lunneborg Merle Lustig & Ronald Glass Frances & Kenderton Lynch Marie MacGregor Maura Mack Flora & Lincoln MacLise Clare Mahan Shirley Main Stephen Maizlish Christina Malin Lynne & Bruce Man David & Anne Manchester Karen Martz Nancy Masters & Paul Cohen John Mateczun & Elizabeth Holmes Ben & Misato Mathews

Partners in Public Health

Betty Grant Austin (left), sponsor of the C.C. Chen Chinese Scholars Program, meets scholarship recipient Yunjing Ren at the annual Scholarship Tea.

Marlon Maus Brigid McCaw Margaret & John McChesney Michael & Story McDonald Mara McGrath & George Pugh Ruth McHenry-Coe Chad McHugh & Sara Kerr Carmel McKay Mary & D. Michael McRae Kristin & Brian McTague Nancy & John Meade Raymond Meister & Mary Miller Christina & Randall Mellin Marlene & Thomas Miller Peter Miller Frances & Roy Minkler Meredith Minkler & Jerry Peters Shannon Mitchell Maryann & Daniel Montandon Sally Montgomery Jerilyn & Joseph Moore Matthew Moore Hilbert Morales Margaret & Talmage Morash Walter Morgan & Marlene Kramer Kerrygrace Morrisey C. Jean Morton Deborah Moses Marian Mulkey & John Powers Mark & Ryo Munekata Marta & David Munger James & Sumi Murashima Larry & Rita Murillo Jane & Paul Nakazato Kimi Narita Sandra Nathan Amalia & Carl Neidhardt Lewis & Elizabeth Neubacher Richard Neumaier Harold & Marilyn Newman Stephen Newman Khanh Ninh Gary & Peggy Noble Elizabeth & Robert Nobmann Audrey Nolte James & Audrey Nora Nora Norback Elizabeth & Lambert O’Donnell Glenda O’Donnell Kathryn Offermann

Marcellina Ogbu Roberta O’Grady Oladele Ogunseitan Victor Olano Douglas Oman Katherine O’Neill Alan Oppenheim & Alice Salvatore Laurie & David Ordin Lynn Levin Oshinsky & Stanley Oshinsky Charles & Barbara Osicka June Ostrander Ruth Osuch Jonathan & Anna Ow Emily Ozer Nitika Pai Melissa Parker Monique Parrish Afshin & Carolyn Parsa Charles & June Parsons Carol Patterson Mildred Patterson Grace Paulsen Laura Peck & Alan Stein Pamela & Victor Peeke Alissa Perrucci Virginia Perry Virginia & Steven Perryman Gail & William Peterson Sarah & Zeno Pfau Tomm Pickles Sharon & Richard Pipkin Jennifer & Matthew Plunkett Adam Polis Katherine Pollard Martha & Cas Pouderoyen Susan & Tomi Poutanen Kathryn Pratt Katrina Van Hoesen Presti & Blair Presti Jean & Bud Price Savitri Purshottam Nancy Puttkammer Patricia Quinlan & Kevin Costello Richard & Julia Quint Patricia Ramsay & Shawn O’Leary Valerie Randolph & Donald Fenbert Loren Rauch & Heather Kuiper Barbara Razey-Simmons & Charles Simmons Kenneth & Ethel Read Irene Reed Lester Reichek Kyndaron Reinier Florence Reinisch Randy Reiter Alison Richards Rene Ricks Jean & Francis Riley Marc & Karen Rivo Annette & Wilfrid Roberge Judith & Paul Rogers

Michael & Sharon Rogers Guido & Ruth Rosati Nancy & Jason Rosenthal Elizabeth Rottger-Hogan Rachel Royce & Matthew Farrelly Susan Runyan George & Mary Rutherford Lisa Sadleir-Hart & Thomas Hart Lisa & Ali Safaeinili Allyson Sage & Patrick Romano Linnea Sallack Victoria Sanchez & Chuck Holton Jennifer Sarche Clea Sarnquist Leigh Sawyer & Gerald Quinnan Margaret Scarborough Verena Schumacher Shirley Schwalm Skai Schwartz Steven Schwartzberg Dana Seeley-Hayse & Tom Hayse Ruth Selan Leonard & Elizabeth Sell Gary & Nan Shaw Sandra Shewry James & Jo Shoemake Yasuko & Sei Shohara Stephen Sidney & Carolyn Schuman James Simpson Lillian Sinayuk Laura Sisulak & Anders Wagstaff Esmond Smith & Mary Rowe-Smith Margot Smith & Robert Purdy Linda Smith Schermer & Harry Schermer John & Rosemary Snider Cynthia & Arden Snyder Susan & David Snyder Norma Solarz Jan & Philip Spieth Dorothy Stacey Susan Standfast & Theodore Wright Kenneth Stanton & Rivka Greenberg James Stark David Steffen Katherine Steiner Bruce Steir & Yen Aeschliman Frima Stewart Sheila Stewart & Charles Wilson Marilyn & William Stocker Denise Stockman Susan & William Stokes Katie Stone & Vincent Horpel Robin Strimling Martin & Sharon Strosberg Michael Stulberg Frances & Mark Sturgess John Sunkiskis Karen Swam Christine Swanson

Larry & Betty Swick Sandra Szabat Esther Tahrir Tania Tang William & Judith Tanner Patricia Tanquary Josephine & Eric Tao Maxine Tatmon-Gilkerson & David Gilkerson David Taylor Constantine & Nancy Tempelis Marni Temple Marilyn Teplow Indra Thadani David Theis & Sarah Royce Ronald Thiele Gregory & Bonita Thomas Joyce Thomas Sheryl Thorburn & Timothy Bird Linwei Tian Terry Tobin Laura Tollen Debra Trachy & Sunil Ahuja Frank Trafton & Beth Zaentz-Trafton Janis & Daniel Tuerk Michael & Barbara Turell Judith & Clarence Ueda Layla Ulheim Helen Ullrich Verna & V.E. Unger Kevin & Hiromi Urayama Harold & Marguerite Van Coops Michele & Robert van Eyken Marsha Vande Berg Ludenia & Steven Varga Dorothy & Clasten Vaughn Juan Velasquez Richard Vezina Karen Vogel Hazelle Walker Ian Walkes Laura Walter Carolyn Wang & David Kong Paul & Anne Ward April & Timothy Watson Russell Watson Mary Weagle Andrew & Bernadine Weir Gordon Werner Gwendolyn & Robert Werner Mary Ann & George Whaley John & Elizabeth Anne Wikle Dorothy Williams Michael Wilson & Maria Kersey Gayle Windham Gina Wingood Heidi Winig Marilyn Winkleby & Michael Fischetti Barbara Wismer Sallie & Steven Wisner Sharon Witemeyer Kathleen Wolf Public Health

Partners in Public Health

Ellen Wolfe Brenda & Vincent Wong Sharon Wong Suk Wong Ron Wood George & Helen Woods Paula Worby Kara Wright & T. James Lawrence Biao Xing Hang Xu Lee & Alan Youkeles Arlene Young Susan Zahner & Leon Olson Allison Zaum Evelyn & Robert Zlomke Lisa Zwerling Organizational Donors Alameda Radiation Oncology American Legacy Foundation American Medical Association Education & Research Foundation Bar-O-Bar Farm Berkeley Ophthalmology Medical Group Inc. Bikram Yoga Blue Cross of California Boundroids Inc. The California Endowment California Healthcare Foundation California Public Health Foundation The California Wellness Foundation Catholic Charities of the East Bay Catholic Healthcare West ChevronTexaco Corporation Chiron Corporation Communication Training Consultants Dextra Baldwin McGonagle Foundation HR Dowden and Associates Downtown Restaurant Eastwing Books of Berkeley Empirical Data Analysis Services Environmental & Construction Solutions Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund Leland Fikes Foundation Inc. Freed & Associates GlaxoSmithKline Corporation Health Effects Institute William and Flora Hewlett Foundation Hoffmann-La Roche Impact Assessment Inc. Intel Government Affairs Jewish Community Endowment Fund Robert Wood Johnson Foundation JRM International 30

University of California, Berkeley

Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation Kaiser Permanente Kazan, McClain, Abrams, Fernandez, Lyons & Farrise W.K. Kellogg Foundation The Law Gallery Richard Liu Foundation Thomas J. Long Foundation Lopez, Hodes, Restaino, Milman & Skikos Margoes Foundation Mid Peninsula Ophthalmology Medical Group Inc. MFR Consultants Inc. Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation National Nutrition Services Noke Charitable Foundation Nova Fisheries Inc. The Oregon Community Foundation P.E.O. Chapter El Pediatric Issues Consulting James B Pendleton Charitable Trust Peralta Community College District Philanthropic Ventures Foundation Public Health Institute Sacramento Regional Foundation Samuels & Associates The San Francisco Foundation San Manuel Band of Mission Indians Scheffler & Associates The Schwab Fund for Charitable Giving Sharp Corporation Southern California Edison Company Stanford University Stanford University School of Medicine Levi Strauss & Company Sutter Health Care, Oakland Sutter Health Care, Sacramento Sweetwater Springs Ranch Telecare Corporation Trachy Healthcare Management U.C. Chinese Alumni Foundation Wadsworth Foundation Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Gifts in Kind Baja Fresh Mexican Grill The Bakeshop Jimmy Bean’s/Lalime’s Berkeley Bowl Berkeley Reperotory Theatre Bikram Yoga Blake’s on Telegraph Cancun Taqueria Chouinard Vineyards

Downtown Restaurant East Wind Books Funky Door Yoga Hafner Vineyard Hop Kiln Winery La Cascada Taqueria Carl Lester Louis M. Martini Winery Saintsbury Vineyards James Tremont and See’s Candies 24 Hour Fitness Class Campaign 2004 Tammy Allen Amity Balbutin-Burnham Benjamin Bellows Edward Bitarakwate Kristen Carney Hepei Chen Lavera Crawley Alia Creasey Jennifer Eames Shelley Facente Valerie Flaherman Leonardo Goe Wendy Hartogensis Kristin Hele Jessica Jeffrey Rachel Johns Bouhinan Kalou-Badirou John Kim Elaine Kurtovich Phuoc Le Jessica Levine Song Liang Hannah Lim Jennifer Livaudais Laura Ludvigson Elissa Meites Annette Molinaro Cindy Moon Joanne Penko Patricia Ramsay Ritu Roydasgupta Lillian Sinayuk Layla Ulheim Richard Vezina

Resa Warner Laura Williams Kathryn Wymore Sohail Yousufi In Memory of Lyle Anderson by Ramona Anderson Margaret Beattie by Nick Chiotras Sally Bellows By John & Patricia Barnett Ruth & John Bellows Joan Bloom Vivian Day Catherine Edgett Robert Levenson Suzanne Llewellyn Sara McMenamin Hellmut Meister Grace Paulsen Virginia Perryman Roger Pool Zak Sabry Kristina Staros Aline Thistlewaite Ann & Fred Vescial Mark Berke by Phyllis Hecker Mr. & Mrs. Bhulabhai Bhakta by C.B. Bhakta Mr. & Mrs. Damyabhai Bhakta by C.B. Bhakta Blanche Black by Shirley Schwalm A. Harry Bliss by Ben Mathews Doris Bloch by Constance Fraser William Bruvold by John Hough Diane Long Charlotte Noyes

Jennie Walcek and John Garcia, Jr., members of the 2005 Class Gift Committee, present Dean Shortell with the 2005 Class Gift and Pledge.

Partners in Public Health

David Carpenter by Jim Carpenter

Wendal Lyzermt by Arthur Hollister

Zung-Yin Chen by Mei-Yu Chen Lee

Stuart Madin by George Woods

Roland Chin by Sophie Chin

Larry Maeupa by Linnea Sallack

Eugene Chisholm by Mary Chisholm Lloyd Chungin by Shoshanna Sofaer

Walter Mangold by Lawrence Cowper Harper Puziss Harold Van Coops

Florence Coe by Harriet Draper

Michael McRae by Mary McRae

Susan DeYoung by Margaret Aumann

Mohan Chandra Pant by Nitika Pant Pai

Frank Falkner by Patricia Buffler Brenda Eskenazi Gopal Sankaran

Richard Nelson by Bradley Appelbaum

Michael Gomez by Phyllis Gomez

Dorothy Nyswander by Dan Funderburk Robert Miller Elizabeth Oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Donnell

Michael Goodman by Mildred Goodman

J.G. Okamoto by Ruth Nagano

Karen Grant by Ahmed Kilani

David Ordin by Laurie Ordin

William Griffiths by Martin Covitz Dan Funderburk Robert Miller Sidney Saltzstein

Franne Pearce by Marie Pearce Kai Pedersen by Raymond Pedersen

Susan Haiby by Lois Rifkin

Ambrosio & Esperanza Quirolgico by E.O. Quirolgico

Maggie Hall by Chris Carlucci

Ronald Reagan by John Palmer

Roderick Hamblin by Martha Boccalini Susan & Leslie Gerber Dorothy Latter Marjorie Lollich C.H. Tempelis

Haim Reingold by Arthur Reingold

James Hardy by Michael Turell Marie Hatherell by Alice Ring Nell Hollinger by Joan Milburn Edith Lindsay by D.J. Hansen Marguerite Linsley by Edwin Linsley Connie Long by Linda Burden Carol Cunradi Lynn Levin C. Jean Morton Shirley Roach Claudine Torfs John Troidl

Leona Shapiro by Debra DeZarn Ayodele Sholeye by Abiose Lasaki Charles Smith by Robert Harrell Lorraine Smookler Ursula Stanton by Ken Stanton Sandra Stein by Shoshanna Sofaer H. Althea Streb by Michael Magnani Lisa Toalson by Kari Fisher Danelle Williams by Michael Williams Jacob Yerushalmy by William Taylor

In Honor of Henrik Blum by Richard Bailey

Russell Schnepple by Gregg Schnepple

Patricia Buffler by Shirley Roach

School of Public Health Faculty by Harper Puziss

George Bush by John Palmer

Steven Selvin by Howard Graves

Chin Long Chiang by Margaret Deane Ying Lu William Taylor

Stephen Shortell by Stuart Marylander

Alfred Childs by Elizabeth Shurtleff

Elaine Walbrook by Ron Wood

Sarah Dixon by Richard Dixon

Helen Wallace by Walter Ballard Claude Brown

Leonard Duhl by John Hough Edward Penhoet Thomas Rundall Richard Scheffler Stephen Shortell Anne Good by Howard Graves Warren Hino by Virginia Axenfield Patricia Hosel by Adele Amodeo Daniel Gentry Teh-wei Hu by Edward Penhoet Thomas Rundall Richard Scheffler Stephen Shortell Ruth Huenemann by Doris Disbrow Jean Hankin Doris Lauber Jennie Kamen by Marisa Hildebrand

Robert Spear by Hang Xu

Benjamin Ide Wheeler Society Recognizing donors who have expressed their intention to include the School of Public Health in their estate plans. Ana Anderson Grace Bardine Paul Boumbulian Doris Brusasco Patricia & Richard Buffler Paul Conforti & Susan Stern Conforti Fredrick & Viola Egli Robert Frangenberg & Ingrid Lamivault Marcia Gerin

Donald Minkler by Jeffrey Kang

Ruth Huenemann

Meredith Minkler by Rosalind Singer Bruce Steir

Kenneth & Marjorie Kaiser

Venkataram Ramakrishna by Mildred Patterson

Jogi & T.S. Khanna

William Reeves by Michael Turell

Eleanor Langpaap

Genevieve Roy by Marisa Hildebrand

Therese Pipe

Zak Sabry by Edward Penhoet Thomas Rundall Richard Scheffler Stephen Shortell

Marjorie Hunt A. Arlene Kasa Carol Langhauser J. Michael Mahoney Harper Puziss Ronald Roberto Rosalind Singer Paola Timiras Bryan Whelan Public Health

It’s an Incredible Time to Give Back to Berkeley

Support the Annual Fund “It’s been a long time since I attended the School of Public Health, but I still use the knowledge I gained in epidemiology and prevention on a daily basis in my occupational medicine practice. Working within enlightened organizations such as Pixar Animation Studios, our team of health professionals has been able to reduce employee injuries and increase well-being. “The need for graduates with public health training in the occupational health world continues to increase, not just in environmental health sciences but also in prevention. At the same time, government support for the University is declining. The case for supporting the School of Public Health is compelling. For me, it is a way of giving back somewhat for the many benefits I have enjoyed from my public health education.”

Your tax-deductible contribution to the School of Public Health ensures the viability of valuable School of Public Health programs, such as scholarships and recruitment efforts. Support the future of public health. Give online at http://sph.berkeley.edu/giving/how.htm or mail your gift (payable to the “School of Public Health Fund”) to: University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health External Relations & Development 140 Earl Warren Hall #7360 Berkeley, CA 94720-7360

University of California, Berkeley

For additional information about making a gift to the School, call Pat Hosel, assistant dean, external relations and development, at (510) 642-9654.

Alumni News

President’s Message Dear Colleagues, Have you returned your 2005 records survey form recently mailed to alumni? The preferences that you submit on the records survey form will help the Public Health Alumni Association (PHAA) board of directors develop its goals and objectives for the next few years. To assure that PHAA is on target, we need your input. (If you did not receive a form, contact Trinidad Bidar at trini@berkeley.edu.) The top three preferences expressed by alumni in the previous 2001 survey were an alumni directory, job listings, and professional development All three have been addressed by the School and the alumni association since then. The directory and job listings (subscribe to “sph-jobs”) are provided at the UC website @cal .

John W. Eastman

(http://sphalum.berkeley.edu).

For professional development, the School provides a number of options. Alumni are now permitted to audit courses in the regular School curricula. The Faculty Council approved the auditing policy in September 2004. A formal academic grade is not issued to an auditor, but a certificate of successful completion may be awarded to document the auditor’s professional development. An auditor must contact the individual faculty member to determine if space is available, and pay for course materials. To identify courses of interest, log onto sph.berkeley.edu, choose “Degrees & Programs,” “Areas of Study,” and follow the links to the curriculum of interest. Other options for professional development are listed in the column on the right. I would like to express my appreciation to the PHAA board members for their very energetic and creative work on the board during my tenure as president of the Public Health Alumni Association. Parting members George McCray and April Watson deserve special thanks for the leadership they have provided for the past several years. Leslie Louie (M.P.H., BioMed ’85; and Ph.D., Epi ’90) has been elected the new president. She has long been active in the support of the School’s programs. Her past commitment to the School and alumni affairs leads me to predict that the alumni can expect many achievements during her tenure. As always, we encourage you to share your comments and suggestions. Please contact Eileen Pearl, associate director, external relations, (510) 643-6382, phaa@berkeley.edu, and let us know how we are doing. Sincerely,

John W. Eastman, Ph.D., M.P.H. ’80 President, Public Health Alumni Association

Professional Development Resources for Alumni SPH Faculty/School Curriculum Alumni may subscribe to audit courses. http://sph.berkeley.edu SPH e-News Includes monthly list of symposia, conferences, lectures. E-mail trini@berkeley.edu Center for Occupational & Environmental Health Offers continuing education series. http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~coehce Center for Public Health Practice Offers seminars, workshops. http://sph.berkeley.edu/resources/cphp.htm Center for Infectious Disease Preparedness Offers courses, workshops. http://idready.org California Public Health Association-North Holds conferences, meetings with continuing education credit. http://www.cphan.org UC Extension Offers distance learning classes with continuing. education credit http://www.unex.berkeley.edu

Public Health

Alumni News

Alumna Spotlight

Barbara Staggers, M.D., M.P.H. ‘80, F.A.A.P. “I had an epiphany at 18,” says Barbara Staggers, director of the adolescent medicine division at Children’s Hospital and Research Center in Oakland, California, and codirector of the hospital’s Health Professions Internship Partnership (also called FACES for the Future).“I was working with a 14-year-old in a summer program. A pimp came to get her out of the program, and the program director said, ‘You can’t take her. We have to have parental consent.’ The pimp got on the phone, called the mother, and the mother said, ‘Let her go. We need the money.’ I never saw that 14year-old again, but I’ll never forget her.”

Staggers, who was awarded this year’s Peter E. Haas Public Service Award (see page 38), has volunteered much of her professional and personal life to improving health care for adolescents and is considered a national authority on high-risk youth, urban and minority youth, violence, and health care issues of multicultural societies. She served for six years on the National Committee on Adolescence for the American Academy of Pediatrics, for which she helped to develop the pediatrics residency training guidelines in adolescent health care. She is a member of numerous advisory boards and is a consultant for the California State Assembly, the State Senate, and the National Congressional Black Caucus for development of health policy for adolescents. But it is through work closer to home that she leads by example. Under Staggers’s direction, the adolescent medicine division at Children’s Hospital has designed cutting-edge development programs for high-risk youth based on a philosophy that embraces youth empowerment. Faces for the Future, a three-year internship program launched in 2000, partners with local health academies, colleges, universities, medical schools, and residency programs to introduce underrepresented minority high school students to the health professions. It assists them in getting into educational programs of their choice, and equips them with the necessary personal skills to succeed in these and other demanding pursuits. Of the first graduating class, 92 percent started college, and more than half entered directly into four-year institutions. Another successful innovation was to establish outpatient school-based service centers for teens housed in or adjacent to Oakland high schools. Designed with frank input from the teens they hope to reach, the centers have become national models and strive for a holistic approach to adolescent health care. “I can do a head-to-toe physical exam in about ten minutes,” says Staggers, but she and her colleagues are equally concerned with assessing risk-taking behavior through conversation about home life, school, work, activities, diet, drugs, sex, mental health, and sexual assault. According to Staggers, the three leading causes of death for adolescents nationally are motor vehicle injuries (primarily attributable to alcohol and drug abuse), homicide (an average of 15 per day, 79 percent of which involve firearms), and suicide. The statistics are devastating to communities and disheartening to individuals. “I have teens that don’t expect to live to be 18 or 19,” says Staggers. “They’re not worried about the future. They don’t think they have a future.” What’s more, these deaths are all preventable, she says. “They have nothing to do with the physical health of teens. You are never healthier than you are as an adolescent.”

Barbara Staggers

So why are they dying? Staggers points to what she calls “Barbara’s Theory,” namely that normal adolescence, experienced in a world of media-fueled mixed messages and unstructured time, results in risk-taking behavior. It is not only developmentally “normal” for adolescents to experiment, such experimentation is necessary in order to learn responsible decision-making skills. “You can’t say, ‘Don’t experiment,’” she says. “They won’t learn. You don’t wake up at 18 automatically an adult. You’ve got to learn how to make decisions. “But if you experiment with sex and have sex with somebody who is HIV positive, you can get AIDS. If you try a drug and you try heroin, you get addicted for life.” Teens today, she observes, are growing up in a society where they can’t afford to make mistakes. “So the work for us is to structure that experimentation so they don’t do something that they pay for with the rest of their lives,” says Staggers. Youth Uprising, a youth center associated with Oakland’s Castlemont High School, represents real hope. It is huge and appealing, with a café, a career center, a computer lab, child care, meeting rooms, studios, and performance spaces that offer activities, events, education, and employment—viable alternatives to violence, school failure, and lack of hope. “Our youth are saying, ‘Help us reduce the violence, make our community safer,’” reflects Staggers. “We need to respond. They are our most valuable resource. They are our future. And if they don’t live long enough to become adults, we don’t have a future.” — Johanna Van Hise Heart

University of California, Berkeley

Alumni Alumni News News

Alumni Notes 1950s George P. Highland, B.S. ’50 “Owned and operated, as a clinical laboratory bioanalyst, a clinical laboratory in Atascadero, Calif., from 1962 to1984, and then in Templeton, Calif., from 1984 to 1993.” William F. Taylor, Ph.D. ’51 “Professor of biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, medical research statistics, retired 1985.” Gordon E. Seck, M.D., B.S. ’53 “Practice limited to an Alzheimer’s day care center as a volunteer.” Carmel A. McKay, M.P.H. ’57 “I have had a wonderful life working as both a professional and a community volunteer in the field of preventive illness and community health.” Chhaganbhai B. Bhakta, B.S. ’58 “My wife Sarojben and members of my family had a vacation Dec. 2004–Jan. 2005 in India. Visited school for the deaf, mentally deficient, rehabilitation-handicraft, etc., at Manav Kalyan Trust in Navsari,Gujarat, and met Dr. Manish C. Bhakta at Shree Sardar Smarak Hospital, where he did over 7000 eye operations, and social visits to rural area in District Surat-Gujarat, India.”

1960s Gordon E. Robbins, B.S. ’53, M.P.H. ’60 “Retired in 2003 after 37 years of service with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.” O. Lynn Deniston, M.P.H. ’62 “Happily retired for 10 years; gardening, fishing, square dancing.” John E. Brockert, M.P.H. ’65, and his wife Mary B. have moved into a retirement community at Christus St. Joseph’s Villa in Salt Lake City. He recently helped the Utah Dept. of Health celebrate 100 years of vital records in Utah. He was the leader of that program for nearly 30 years. Mildred F. Patterson, M.P.H. ’65 “In Nov. ’04 issue of Quilter’s Newsletter Magazine is an article about my quilting; am enjoying activities in retirement home.” Hazelle Junker Walker, M.P.H. ’66 “Retired from the Indian Health Services, Southwest Area Office in 1982.”

Noel Chrisman, Ph.D., M.P.H. ’67 “Immediate past president of the Society for Applied Anthroplogy. Three grandchildren enlivening my life. Still fully engaged in community-based participatory research at the University of Washington School of Nursing.” Robert C. Harrell, M.P.H. ’67 “U.S. Navy retired 8/41.” Lawrence W. Green, Dr.P.H. ’68, M.P.H. ’66, B.S. ’62, visiting professor at the UC Berkeley School of Public Health, was recognized by the Society for Public Health Education (SOPHE) at its awards banquet in November 2004. In honor of Green’s contributions as former editor of SOPHE’s journal, the organization has named the award given to the best paper of the year the Lawrence W. Green Award. J.C. Montgomery, Jr., M.P.H. ’68 “Celebrated 30th year at Texas Scottish-Rite Hospital for Children and 33 years of marriage to a UCSB graduate.”

1970s Edwin P. Merwin, Ph.D., M.P.H. ‘70, was listed in the 5th edition of Who’s Who in Medicine and Healthcare. “I owe much of my progress in this world to Berkeley,” he writes. “This edition of Who’s Who marks the 26th time I have been so honored. Many thanks to the faculty.” Maida Taylor, M.D., M.P.H. ’70, was appointed clinical director of medical affairs in women’s health products for Novo Nordisk. In this role, she designs clinical trials for women’s health products and supports and oversees approval and marketing of those products. Victoria Clevenger, M.P.H. ’72, leads Heart2Heart, a program at the Clark County YWCA in Vancouver, Wash., which brings parents together with their 9- to 11-year-old daughters to foster communication, increase bonding, and help them understand each other about difficult, potentially thorny issues of puberty and sexuality. Clevenger is also case manager for Clark County’s YW Housing, which provides affordable housing for homeless women. Frances F. Saunders, M.P.H. ’72 “Do volunteer work with local congregation in community health and part-time acting. Have small business in interior redecorating; practice and still

committed to personal/group empowerment; organizing; social support.” Kathie Westpheling, M.P.H. ’72, is executive director of the Association of the Clinicians of the Underserved (www.clinicians.org), a nonprofit, transdisciplinary organization of clinicians, advocates, and health care organizations united to improve the health of America’s underserved populations and enhance the development and support of the health care clinicians serving these populations. Claude H. B. Brown, M.D., M.P.H. ’73 “Fly fish with wife (Satyra) and cheer for ‘Golden Bears’ UCB.” Martin Strosberg, M.P.H. ’73, is professor of health care policy and management and director of the M.B.A. program in health systems administration at the Graduate College of Union University, Schenectady, N.Y. Stanley A. Edlavitch, Ph.D. ’74, recently became senior adviser to the Scientific Advisory Team at MetaWorks Inc., a healthcare consulting company. He is also professor of epidemiology and director of epidemiology research at the University of Missouri School of Medicine, Kansas City. Edlavitch founded the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology and served as its executive director for 15 years. Terry P. Bayer, M.P.H. ‘75, has joined Molina Healthcare, Inc., as executive vice president of health plan operations with responsibility for operational oversight of the company’s health plans. Arnold Milstein, M.D., M.P.H. ’75, received the Award for Excellence and Innovation in Value Purchasing from the National Business Group on Health this past March. Milstein is medical director of the Pacific Business Group on Health, the largest health care purchaser’s coalition in the United States. The award recognized his accomplishments over 20 years which have led to improvements in the health system, including more transparency and accountability for all purchasers and patients. Public Health

Alumni News

David R. Reese, M.P.H. ’75, serves as regional epidemiologist for the seven-county Kentucky River District Health Department, where he participates in local and statewide activities to plan and deploy new electronic disease and health surveillance systems to improve the community’s responsiveness to infectious disease outbreaks and prepare for possible bioterrorist threats. He teaches and mentors students as a community-based faculty member of the University of Kentucky’s College of Medicine, Department of Family Practice and Community Medicine. Prior to moving to Kentucky in 2000, he served for more than 10 years as chief executive officer for local health departments and federally qualified health centers in the states of Idaho, Missouri, and Washington. Margot Smith, Dr.P.H. ’77, leads the local Gray Panthers to work for universal health care, peace, housing, and transportation. She continues to produce video documentaries and writes that she is having fun in retirement. Rebecca Landau, M.P.H. ’78 “I’ve been doing consulting work for three years and also am on the faculty of the School of Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University.” Dawn Liberi, M.P.H. ’79, recently became new mission director for Iraq at the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). Liberi is a member of the senior foreign service and holds the rank of minister counselor. She has served for more than 20 years at USAID in five overseas posts and in Washington, DC. From 1998 to 2002, she served as the USAID Uganda mission director. Ginger Smyly, M.P.H. ‘79, has been awarded the 2004 Dorothy B. Nyswander Award for Leadership in Health Education by the Northern California Chapter of the Society for Public Health Education. Smyly is deputy director, community health promotion and prevention, at the San Francisco Department of Public Health. The award recognizes health educators who demonstrate the qualities and performance standards of Dorothy B. Nyswander, long36

University of California, Berkeley

time UC Berkeley School of Public Health professor and health education pioneer.

1980s

Richard Hirsh, M.P.H. ’86 “Recently promoted to ‘Distinguished Scientist’ in the Global EHS Department of Rohm and Haas Company.”

Jim Carpenter, M.D., M.P.H. ’80 “Forensic pediatrician and hospitalist at Contra Costa Regional Medical Center. Coordinate child maltreatment program including SART [Sexual Assault Response Team], Child Interview Center medical evaluations, and DrugEndangered Children Program. Teach family practice residents.”

Jean M. Stoll, M.P.H.’86 “I am once again in California. After receiving my M.P.H. in 1986, I held positions in Maryland, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. Now I am the director of health promotion and public information for the Kern County Department of Public Health, here in Bakersfield. It is wonderful not to be dealing with a long, miserable winter and it’s great to be close to family and friends again.”

Katharine Go Ang, M.P.H. ’81, has been working as a renal dietitian at DaVita Inc. dialysis centers in Yuba City and Marysville, Calif., for the past three years. She writes, “This was a big switch after working in the WIC program for 18 years. I really enjoy the clinical challenge working with dialysis patients.” She lives in Yuba City with her husband, David, and daughter, Chris, age 15. Her son, Brian, attends UC Davis.

James Spira, Ph.D., M.P.H. ’87, has been awarded two grants from the Office of Naval Research to study the benefits of virtual reality assisted graded exposure therapy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. He is conducting the studies at the Naval Medical Center and Camp Pendleton Marine Corps base in San Diego.

David Hoskinson, M.P.H. ’82, M.B.A., joined Pediatrix Medical Group in 1998 as vice president. He leads Pediatrix’s managed care operations, including payor contracting, reimbursement analysis, and relations with health plans, insurance companies, and physician organizations. He is also responsible for state Medicaid public policy, advocacy, and government relations. “Grad school at Cal is the key to my professional success,” he writes. Alan McKay, M.P.H. ’83, is executive director of a Central Coast Alliance for Health, a public, nonprofit health plan serving 85,000 MediCal, Healthy Families, and Healthy Kids members in Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, California. Susan K. Eckhardt, M.P.H. ’85, is an industrial hygienist in Cal/OSHA’s enforcement office in Fremont, Calif. She has worked for Cal/OSHA since 1989. She lives with her husband Michael and 12-year-old son Stefan in Los Gatos, Calif. Joseph Engelman, M.D., M.P.H. ’86, has worked for the San Francisco Department of Public Health, Division of STD Prevention and Control, for nearly 20 years. Merry Grasska, M.P.H. ’86, has been named National School Nurse of the Year. She is lead nurse for the Newport-Mesa Unified School District in Southern California, where she has worked for 16 years.

Martha A. Ryan, R.N., M.P.H. ’89, who founded San Francisco’s Homeless Prenatal Clinic in 1989, recently received a Bay Area Jefferson Award from CBS-5 for guiding countless mothers-to-be from homelessness to self-reliance.The clinic, which received an organizational Public Health Hero award from the UC Berkeley School of Public Health in 2003, serves nearly 2,400 families a year.

1990s Marcos Espinal, M.D., Dr.P.H. ’95, M.P.H. ’90, is executive secretary of the World Health Organization’s Stop TB Partnership. At a meeting last fall at UCLA, he discussed the correlation between HIV/AIDS and TB worldwide and the need to coordinate TB and HIV/AIDS programs. He noted that both HIV/AIDS and TB have become diseases of poverty. Leesa Linck, M.D., M.S. ’90, M.P.H. ’90 “Married to Chris Hogness, M.P.H. ’84, M.S. ’86, with seven-year-old daughter and fiveyear-old son. I’m working part-time as chief of the Department of Genetics, Kaiser Northwest. We love living in Portland, Ore.”

Alumni News

Daniel R. Merians, M.B.A., M.P.H. ’90, and his wife Elizabeth are enjoying Santa Fe, N.M., with their three boys, Griffin, 10, Drake, 6, and Wyatt, 4. Last year they designed and built a home four miles from Santa Fe’s historic downtown plaza. Charles M. Crane, M.P.H. ’92, is president of the California TB Controllers Association for 2004–05. Julie Fishman, M.P.H. ’92, is working as a deputy branch chief in CDC’s National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences. She is married and has a son. Ilana Addis, M.D., M.P.H. ’96, is an assistant professor at the University of Arizona in her hometown of Tucson. She is very excited about the university’s plans to start a pelvic surgery department and women’s continence center. She writes, “As the population ages (with many in Arizona), the needs of elderly women have to be addressed, and this department will be dedicated to advancing the research and clinical practice into the problems that elderly women face.” Robert S. Brown, Jr., M.P.H. ’96 “I serve as medical director of the Liver Transplant Program at New York Presbyterian and I am the happy father of three kids: Jacqueline (7), Dylan (5), and Jake (1). Susan and I also have a cat, Samantha.”

Wanda J. Jones, M.P.H. ’67, received the Distinguished Leadership Award from the Berkeley Graduate Program in Health Management Alumni Association on Februrary 2, 2005, in recognition of her many contributions to the health care industry. Left to right: Dean Stephen Shortell, Wanda Jones, Professor Emeritus Ruth Stimson, Professor Tom Rundall, and award presenter Paul B. Hofmann, Dr.P.H. ’94.

Col. Barbara Famularo, M.P.H.’96 “With reserve assignment to U.S.A.F. National Security Emergency Preparedness Agency, one of two state of California emergency preparedness liaison officers for U.S.A.F.” Daniel Gentry, Ph.D. ’96, has just returned to St. Louis University from a six month sabbatical which included HIV prevention work in Florida and Hawaii, taking advanced evaluation courses in D.C. and San Francisco, and immersion Spanish in Costa Rica.

John F. Hough, Dr.P.H. ’97, serves as an epidemiologist at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md. Laura Amsden, M.D., M.S.W., M.P.H. ’99 “I work at Northwestern University and manage the Illinois Families Study (IFS). The IFS is a six-year panel study of welfare reform in Illinois….One of the primary goals of IFS is to inform state legislators, Illinois Department of Human Services administrators, and other state and local policy makers about the experiences of families and children in the Illinois welfare program.”

2000s Jerome Adams, M.D., M.P.H. ’00 returned to Indiana to complete his M.D. training after graduating from SPH. “I always thought I would end up in a primary care residency but found that I enjoyed my anesthesia rotation quite a bit,” he writes. “I decided on anesthesia but did a preliminary medicine year instead of a surgery internship as a kind of last test….During my medicine year, I took a foray into public health through the South Texas Environmental Education Research program….I’m moonlighting in an ER to keep my general medicine skills from deteriorating, and I’m hoping to eventually get a job in an academic anesthesia department, do some research, and volunteer my medical services.” He and his wife, Lacey, are the parents of a son, Caden.

Public Health

Kevin Urayama, M.P.H. ’02, was one of six young researchers to receive a Paul O’Gorman poster prize in September 2004 from Children with Leukaemia, a nonprofit organization in the U.K. The prize was for his poster, “Influence of cytochrome P450 1A1 genetic polymorphisms on the association between residential exposure to traffic and childhood leukemia.”

in conducting student activities, career cafés, pizza socials—activities that promoted all around academic enhancement and networking and enriched our learning in SPH.”

University of California, Berkeley

James H. Devitt, M.P.H. ’77 (Secretary) April Allen Watson, R.D., M.P.H. ’98 (Immediate Past President) Philippa Barron, M.B.A., M.P.H. ’94 Lucinda Brannon Bazile, M.P.H. ’94 Julie Brown, M.B.A., M.P.H. ’85 Brandon DeFrancisci, M.P.H. ’96

Christine D. Glogow “Your alumnus Dr. Eli Glogow, who passed away 9-12-02, and was a professor of health administration at the University of Southern California, was my beloved husband. Your alumnus and former associate dean Nicholas Parlette (and Carol Holland Parlette) were two of our dearest friends. Eli took Nick as an intern while at the SPH at the SF. or Oakland Health Dept. and became great pals.”

Carol A. Clazie, B.S. ’62 (Vice President)

Friends

Nitika Pai, M.D., M.P.H. ’03 “Having served on student committees and also as student representative of the Alumni Association, I can say for sure that all the donations were useful

1 Richard J. Jackson, M.D., M.P.H. ’79 (right), was honored as the School of Public Health’s Alumnus of the Year at commencement ceremonies held May 14, 2005. Jackson was appointed California state public health officer by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in March 2004. His previous positions include director of the National Center for Environmental Health and senior adviser to the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pictured with Jackson is Public Health Alumni Association president John Eastman, Ph.D., M.P.H. ’80.

John W. Eastman, Ph.D., M.P.H. ’80 (President)

Marilyn Kwan, Ph.D. ‘04, was one of six young researchers to receive a Paul O’Gorman poster prize in September 2004 from Children with Leukaemia, a nonprofit organization in the U.K. The prize was for her poster, “Food consumption of children and risk of childhood leukemia.”

Rose Hoban, M.Jour, M.P.H. ’03, has joined WUNC-FM, a public radio station in Chapel Hill, N.C., as health care beat reporter. Hoban, who earned her journalism degree at Berkeley, practiced nursing for 13 years and served as medical project coordinator for Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières program in Indonesia.

Public Health Alumni Association Board of Directors 2004–2005

David Harrington, M.P.H. ’88 Leslie Louie, Ph.D. ’90, M.P.H. ’85 George A. McKray, M.S., M.P.H. ’57 Lisa Tremont Ota, M.A., M.P.H. ’90 Beth Roemer, M.P.H. ’76 Jan Schilling, M.P.H. ’91 Sarah Stone-Francisco, M.P.H. ’03 John Troidl, Ph.D. ’01

3 2 Julie L. Gerberding, M.D., M.P.H. ’90 (center), director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, received the Excellence in Achievement Award from the California Alumni Association at the Charter Banquet Gala on April 16, 2005, for her contributions to public health and her exceptional career accomplishments. Before becoming the first woman to lead the CDC in 2002, Gerberding was acting deputy director of the National Center for Infectious Diseases (NCID), where she played a major role in leading CDC’s response to the anthrax bioterrorism events of 2001. She was elected to membership in the Institute of Medicine in fall 2004.

3 Barbara C. Staggers, M.D., M.P.H. ’80 (right), received the 2004 Peter E. Haas Public Service Award from Chancellor Robert J. Birgeneau (left) at his State of the Campus Address on April 16, 2005. She is the sixth recipient of this award, which honors the work of an individual who has made a significant impact on public service at the grassroots level. A board-certified pediatrician and adolescent medicine specialist, Staggers is director of the Adolescent Medicine Division at Children’s Hospital & Research Center in Oakland. She is a leader in adolescent medicine and a national authority on high-risk health behaviors of youth, urban and minority youth, youth violence, and health care issues of multicultural societies.

In Memoriam S. Paul Ehrlich, M.D., M.P.H. ’61, died January 6, 2005, at Bethesda Memorial Hospital in Boynton Beach, Florida, at age 72. An epidemiologist and public health officer, Ehrlich served as acting surgeon general under Presidents Nixon and Ford. He was among six surgeons general who in 1994 urged Congress to ban smoking in public buildings and to enact stricter controls on secondhand smoke and the sale and advertising of tobacco. Ehrlich helped defend the Public Health Service’s Commissioned Corps and the Office of the Surgeon General at a time when both were in danger of being eliminated. He often represented the United States on the executive board of the World Health Organization. He was deputy director of the Pan American Health Organization and held teaching positions at Georgetown University’s School of Medicine, the University of Texas School of Public Health, and the UC Berkeley School of Public Health. He received the Public Health Service’s Outstanding Service Medal, Distinguished Service Medal, and Meritorious Service Medal. Ehrlich is survived by his wife, three daughters, and one grandson. Edwin M. Gold, M.D., F.A.C.S., died December 6, 2004. One of the original obstetricians/gynecologists in the United States, Gold was a graduate of the Long Island College of Medicine and a diplomate of the American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists. He taught at the Long Island College of Medicine, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Brown University School of Medicine, and Makerere University Medical School in Uganda. He was the first obstetrician to win the Martha May Eliot Award of the

American Public Health Association. If you wish to make a gift in his memory to the School of Public Health Fund, mail your check (payable to the “School of Public Health Fund”) to the Office of External Relations, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, 140 Warren Hall, Berkeley, California, 94720-7360, and include a note that the gift is in memory of Edwin Gold. Kathleen (Sheehy) Palmer, B.S. ’38, R.N., M.P.H., died September 29, 2005 at UC Davis Medical Center in Sacramento, California, at age 91. Palmer, who lived in Piedmont, California, from 1951 to 1986, graduated from UC Berkeley with a degree in public health nursing in 1938. She later received a registered nurse certificate from UC San Francisco, a certificate in psychiatric nursing, and a master’s degree in public health from Columbia University in 1942. During World War II, she was a member of the Nurse Cadet Corps at UCSF, training nurses for overseas duty. She was active as a volunteer for the Diabetic Youth Foundation, the League of Women Voters, and the Democratic Party. She is survived by three sons and two daughters. Octavio I. Romano Ph.D., associate professor of behavioral science at the School of Public Health from 1963 to 1989, died February 26, 2005, in Berkeley, at the age of 82. Born in Mexico, he moved with his family to the United States as a child, growing up in the San Diego area. He enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1943 and served in Europe for two-and-a-half years during World War II. He was awarded the European African Middle Eastern Campaign Medal, Good Conduct Medal, Meritorious Unit Award and World War II Victory Medal. Romano received his bachelor’s degree from the University of New Mexico and a master’s and doctorate in anthropology from UC Berkeley. He was founder of Quinto Sol Publications, the pioneer publisher of Mexican-American authors. Quinto Sol

published El Grito: A Journal of MexicanAmerican Thought, several anthologies of contemporary works by Chicano authors, numerous novels and other works, as well as awarding the annual Premio Quinto Sol Literary Awards. He is survived by his wife, two sons, and a brother. If you wish to make a gift in his memory to the School of Public Health Fund, mail your check (payable to the “School of Public Health Fund”) to the Office of External Relations, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, 140 Warren Hall, Berkeley, California, 947207360, and include a note that the gift is in memory of Octavio Romano. John Robert Ward M.D., M.P.H. ’67, died November 1, 2004, at the University of Utah Hospital, where he had trained medical students and treated patients for more than 30 years. He was 80 years old. Ward served in the U.S. Army Medical Corps during the Korean conflict, then joined the University of Utah medical school faculty, where he founded and led the rheumatology division in the Department of Internal Medicine. He was also instrumental in establishing the Department of Preventive Medicine at the medical school and chaired that department before his retirement in 1992 as professor emeritus of internal medicine. He received the Distinguished Rheumatology Award from the American College of Rheumatology; he was also a fellow of the American College of Physicians and received the Utah chapter’s Laureate Award. He retired from the Utah Air National Guard as a colonel, having served as the commander of the 151st USAF clinic for many years. Ward is survived by his wife, four children, two brothers, a sister, 13 grandchildren, and 10 great-grandchildren.

Public Health

In Memoriam Sheldon Margen, M.D., professor emeritus of public health, died December 18, 2004 at age 85. Margen made his mark in the field of nutritional sciences early in his career at UC Berkeley. In 1962, he began working with Doris Calloway, UC Berkeley professor of nutrition, to create the “Penthouse,” one of the first research centers in the country designed to study human nutrition and metabolism. Along with Calloway, Margen directed more than 20 human nutrition studies on a wide range of subjects, including protein, energy, and trace mineral requirements of healthy adults. The results of this work ultimately formed the basis for many of the dietary recommendations that are required on food labels today. Margen was considered one of the world’s foremost experts in nutritional sciences, particularly in the areas of endocrinology and biochemistry, but he was also highly regarded for his expertise in the area of bioethics and what ultimately became known in the public health field as “wellness.” In 1984, Margen joined publisher Rodney Friedman and Dr. Joyce Lashof, professor and dean emerita of the School of Public Health, to cofound the UC Berkeley Wellness Letter. They had the goal of producing a consumer-friendly health promotion and disease prevention newsletter. “He felt that the mission of knowledge and science was to better people’s lives,” says Friedman. “He was a great teacher and to be around him was to learn in the sweetest possible way.” The UC Berkeley Wellness Letter is now one of the most highly respected publications of its kind. It has a circulation of more than 300,000 and has generated nearly $11 million in royalties to date. It was Margen who insisted that all proceeds from the newsletter be used to benefit students at the School of Public Health, including the 40

University of California, Berkeley

“In over 32 years that we worked together, no student ever got turned away, no idea was too outrageous, no project was too difficult, no injustice was ignored.” establishment of an endowment to support students in perpetuity. “Without Shelly there would have been no Wellness Letter,” says Lashof. “He loved people and he dedicated himself to making life better for everyone. He was the most remarkable man I ever met, not only because of his great intellect, but because he was a great teacher and a marvelous human being.” “He was brilliant, generous and loving in a way that nobody seems to have time for anymore,” says Dale Ogar, managing editor of the UC Berkeley Wellness Letter. “In over 32 years that we worked together, no student ever got turned away, no idea was too outrageous, no project was too difficult, no injustice was ignored.” Margen earned his bachelor’s degree in zoology at 19 and his master’s degree in zoology and experimental embryology at 20, both from UCLA. In 1943 he earned his M.D., graduating at the top of his medical school class at UC San Francisco. The following year, he married Jeanne Sholtz. But Margen’s first two years of married life were spent apart from his wife as he served in France and Germany during World War II. From 1944 to 1946, he served as a doctor with the U.S. Army Medical Corps, where he rose in ranks from lieutenant to captain. After he returned to the United States, Margen held various clinical positions at both UC and county medical centers, and was a practicing physician in the Bay Area. From 1968 to 1974, he served as founder and president of Berkeley-based Solano Laboratories, which he turned into the first fully automated and computerized clinical laboratory in the western United States. His first faculty position at UC Berkeley was as a lecturer in the School of Social Welfare from 1956 to 1964. He also held concurrent

positions as a biochemist and then lecturer at UCSF’s Department of Biochemistry between 1960 and 1970. In 1962, he was appointed associate professor in human nutrition at the Department of Nutritional Sciences at the College of Natural Resources. He became a full professor in 1964 and was appointed chair of that department in 1970. In 1979, Margen moved to the School of Public Health as professor and head of the School’s nutrition program. During his tenure as chair, he is credited with revitalizing the doctoral program in public health nutrition. He retired from UC Berkeley in 1989, the same year he received the Berkeley Citation. After retirement, he volunteered to chair the Peace and Conflict Studies program from 1988 to 1992, and he continued to head the editorial board of the Wellness Letter until 2001. “Even though Shelly has left our lives, his guiding principles of integrity, honesty and healing the world will always be with me,” says Dr. John Swartzberg, Margen’s personal physician, who succeeded him in the position of editorial board chair of the Wellness Letter. In October 2004, the Public Health Library was renamed the Sheldon Margen Public Health Library in recognition of his contributions to the school and the university. Margen is survived by his wife, three sons, and two grandsons. He had another son who died in 2003. If you wish to make a gift in his memory to the School of Public Health Fund, mail your check (payable to the “School of Public Health Fund”) to the Office of External Relations, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, 140 Warren Hall, Berkeley, California, 94720-7360, and include a note that the gift is in memory of Sheldon Margen.

Gift annunities Offer Stability In Uncertain Economic Times

A gift annuity offers the following benefits: • A fixed income for life–rates as high as 11.3 percent • A current income tax charitable deduction • For gifts of appreciated property, avoidance of capital gains tax at the time of the gift • The knowledge that your gift ultimately will support the School of Public Health

Are you interested in investing in the School of Public Health but also increasing your income? Charitable gift annuities are the answer. In exchange for a gift of cash or other property, you or the person of your choice can receive an annuity that pays a fixed income for life.

For more information, contact the Office of Gift Planning at (800) 200-0575 or (510) 642-6300.

UC Berkeley Sample Annuity Rates Two-Life Charitable Gift Annuity Rates

Single-Life Charitable Gift Annuity Rates

Single-Life Deferred Payment

Spouse 1

Spouse 2

Payment Rate

Age

Payment Rate

Current Age

1st payment age

Rate

60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 and over

5.4 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.9 7.9 9.3 11.1

60 65 70 75 80 85 90 and over

5.7 6.0 6.5 7.1 8.0 9.5 11.3

50 50 55 55 60 60 65 65

55 60 60 65 65 70 70 75

7.0 9.3 7.3 9.8 7.6 10.6 8.3 11.5

Public Health

University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health 140 Warren Hall #7360 Berkeley, CA 94720-7360

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I NTERNATIONAL P UBLIC H EALTH H EROES , W E S ALUTE YOU !

Over the past nine years, the School of Public Health has honored outstanding leaders with the UC Berkeley International Public HeroAward, which recognizes their significant contributions and exceptional commitment to promoting and protecting the health of the human population. The 10th Annual Public Health Heroes Awards will be presented in Spring 2006. Details will be forthcoming in the next issue of this magazine and at http://www.publichealthheroes.org. 2005 Ciro de Quadros, M.D., M.P.H., pioneer in infectious disease surveillance and containment 2004 Larry Brilliant, M.D., M.P.H., founder, Seva Foundation 2003 Ela Bhatt, founder, Self-Employed Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Association, India 2002 Zafrullah Chowdhury, M.B.B.S., health care advocate, especially for women, in Bangladesh 2001 Karl M. Johnson, M.D., internationally recognized virus hunter responsible for identifying Ebola 2000 Sir Richard Doll, M.D., D.Sc., D.M., world renowned epidemiologist and cancer researcher 1999 Carol Bellamy, J.D., former executive director, UNICEF, and former Peace Corps director 1998 Rodrigo Guerrero, M.D., former mayor of Cali, Colombia, and anti-drug activist 1997 Kritaya Archavanitkul, Ph.D., researcher and human rights activist, Southeast Asia

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