Beta Statesmen

B eta S tatesmen Lifelong Commitment to Serve

by L.E. (Erv) Johnson, Idaho 1953 Editor Emeritus, The Beta Theta Pi

B eta S tatesm en Lifelong Commitment to Serve F ir s t E d itio n C o p y r ig h t 2010 by B e ta T h e ta Pi F r a t e r n it y

5134 B onham R o a d , O x f o r d , O h io 45056 A ll R ights R eserved

P ublished

by

T he B e t a T heta P i F oundation

2010 P rinting M a u r y B o yd

and

by

A s so c iates

In dianapolis , Indiana

D e d ic a te d t o th o s e p rin c ip le d b r o t h e r s h e re in and THOUSANDS OF OTHERS WHO HAVE SET THE EXAMPLE THROUGH MORE THAN 170 YEARS FOR THE GUIDANCE OF ANY NEW SON o f the S tars and a l l S o ns o f the D r a g o n

Clockwise from top left: Vice President Schuyler Colfax, Governor John Brown Cooper, Educator Jimmy Yen, Ambassador David R. Francis, Justice Willis Van de Vanter, Cartoonist Ding Darling, Representative T. Hale Boggs, Representative M ichael L. Synar, Senator Richard G. Lugar, Prime M inister John N.W. Turner, Ambassador Adolph Dubs, Presidential candidate Wendell L. Willkie, Justice William O. Douglas and Senator William E. Borah

Table of Contents FEATURED BETAS Charles Henry Hardin, Miami 1841 ....................................................................... 2 James Harlan, DePauw 1845 ................................................................................. 4 Benjamin Gratz Brown, Transylvania 184 6.......................................................... 6 Matthew Stanley Quay, Jefferson 1850 .................................................................7 John Marshall Harlan, Centre 1850 ........................................................................8 John Brown Gordon, Georgia 1 8 5 3 ..................................................................... 10 Schuyler Colfax, DePauw 1854 ........................................................................... 12 Willis Van de Vanter, DePauw 1 8 8 1 ..................................................................... 14 William Edgar Borah, Kansas 1889 .................................................................... 16 Joseph Wellington Byrns, Vanderbilt 1891 ......................................................... 18 Owen D. Young, Lawrence 1894 ..........................................................................20 J.N. (Ding) Darling, Beloit 1899 ............................................................................ 22 Charles Erwin Wilson, Carnegie 1909 ................................................................24 Paul Vories McNutt, Indiana 191 3.........................................................................26 Kenneth S. Wherry, Nebraska 1 9 1 4 ................................................................... 28 Wendell Lewis Willkie, Indiana 1 9 1 6 ................................................................... 30 John J. McCloy, Amherst 1 9 1 6 ............................................................................. 32 Frank M. Dunbaugh, Yale 1 9 1 7 ............................................................................ 33 Y.C. James Yen, Yale 1 9 1 8 ...................................................................................34 William Orville Douglas, Whitman 192 0............................................................. 36 Charles Abraham Halleck, Indiana 1922............................................................. 38 John Sherman Cooper, Centre 1922/Yale 1 9 2 3 ................................................ 40 George W. Hunter, Knox 1923.............................................................................. 42 Frank S. Hogan, Columbia 1924 ..........................................................................43 Frederick Andrew Seaton, Kansas State 1931.................................................. 44 Jamie Lloyd Whitten, Mississippi 1933.................................................................. 46 Thomas Hale Boggs, Sr., Tulane 1935................................................................48 Albert Conrad Ullman, Whitman 1935 ................................................................... 50 John Jacob Rhodes, Kansas State 1938 ........................................................... 52 Robert J. Kane, Cornell 1934 ............................................................................... 54 Karl-Heinz Odekoven, Oregon State 1937 ......................................................... 55 Adolph Dubs, Beloit 1942 ...................................................................................... 56 Maurice G. Chase, UCLA 1943............................................................................. 57 Mark Odom Hatfield, Willamette 1 9 4 3 .................................................................58

John N.W. Turner, British Columbia 1949........................................................... 60 John William Warner, W&L 1950/Virginia 1952................................................. 62 Richard Green Lugar, Denison 1954 ................................................................... 64 John Sopinka, Toronto 1958 ..................................................................................66 Gustavo J. Vollmer, Cornell 1942..........................................................................68 Joe M. Allbaugh, Oklahoma State 197 4...............................................................69 Michael Lynn Synar, Oklahoma 1972 ..................................................................70 The Other Seven Founders...................................................................................72 U.S. S enators.......................................................................................................... 76 U.S. Representatives.............................................................................................89 Canadian Parliam ent............................................................................................121 Justices, U.S. Supreme C ourt............................................................................ 123 Justices, Canadian Supreme C o u rt.................................................................. 126 Premiers, Canadian P rovinces..........................................................................127 Governors, U.S. States........................................................................................ 128 Lieutenant Governors, U.S. S ta te s .................................................................... 139 Canadian Public O fficia ls....................................................................................141 U.S. Cabinet Secretaries..................................................................................... 142 Other U.S. Government O fficials........................................................................146 Canadian Am bassadors...................................................................................... 156 U.S. A m bassadors............................................................................................... 157 U.S. Foreign S e rv ic e ............................................................................................164 Foreign Statesm en............................................................................................... 167 Mayors.................................................................................................................... 168 Worldwide S e rvice............................................................................................... 174 Boy Scout E xecutives......................................................................................... 178 More Betas Prominent in Public S e rvice .......................................................... 179 Acknowledgem ents.............................................................................................. 194 Indices................................................................................................................... 196

PREFACE Almost three-quarters of a century has elapsed since the excellent collection of books by two legendary Beta Theta Pi historians — Betas o f Achievement, 1914, by William Raimond Baird, Stevens 1878/Columbia 1882, and The Beta Books of 1927, 1930 and 1935; Beta Lore, 1928, and Beta Life, 1929, by Francis Wayland Shepardson, Denison 1882/Brown 1883.

Fortunately, in 1961, former editor of The Beta Theta Pi, K. Warren (Spig) Fawcett, Minne­ sota 1926, authored Marching Along, 1935-1960, followed in 1989 by The Faithful Home of the Three Stars, by Peter J. Floriani, Lehigh 1977. Beta editor and historian Robert T. Howard, De Pauw 1938, was finishing Beta’s history (since 1960) when his death cut short this effort.

When commissioned to prepare a new Son o f the Stars: The Pledge Manual o f Beta Theta Pi, more than 10 years ago, I was challenged by the endless research leading to its initial publication in 2002. The research pointed toward an easy conclusion that current anthologies of outstanding Betas are in short supply.

This volume could stand as the forerunner for a series of topical books. Indeed, the planned companion volume, Beta Heroes, is scheduled for 2011. Will there will be more, such as Beta Educators, Beta Sportsmen, Beta Clergymen, Beta Business Leaders, ad infinitum?

Historian B. Hume Morris, Centre 1968, has been preparing the Fraternity’s history since Dr. Floriani’s 1988 book, and Kenneth Stephen, Toronto 1977, is focusing his book, Sons o f the Northern Stars, on “the 100-year history of Beta Theta Pi in Canada, 1906-2006.” So why a book about Beta statesmen? Does anybody care? After all, we take pride that there are no levels or stations in Beta Theta Pi. No one man sits on a higher plane than any other member.

Even so, by necessity we have officers for efficiency and organization. And we established honors to recognize Betas of high achievement: (1) in their chosen profession — the Oxford Cup, and (2) in service to the Fraternity — the Francis Wayland Shepardson award.

Historical anthologies help assemble and record matters that might otherwise be virtually impossible to track. In addition, they provide a source for undergraduate, even prospective, Betas to appreciate the remarkable heritage of outstanding men who have gone before, establishing an example rarely found in any association, fraternal or otherwise.

“History” seems to be a flagging subject in today’s schools. The same applies to Beta youth, be they candidates, members or alumni. All know that the Fraternity was founded in 1839, but who was U.S. President at the time? (Martin Van Buren) Or how many states were in the union? (27) How few know the first Beta member of the U.S. Cabinet (James Harlan, Secre­ tary o f the Interior, 1865-69) or the Supreme Court? (John Marshall Harlan, 1877-1911) Is it not stimulating, even inspiring, to learn more about some of them — e.g., a U.S. vice president, a prime minister of Canada, associate justices of the U.S. Supreme Court and Canada's Supreme Court, hundreds of Congressmen — among the long pink and blue line of men devoting their lives to public service? All are featured in this book.

As the goals of Men o f Principle state: This initiative “includes responsible citizenship as a purpose of Beta Theta Pi.” Should it not also follow that to achieve such goals, young men need role models? It is hoped that Beta Statesmen will be one guide in the building of that well-known bridge for “the youth whose feet must pass this way. This chasm which has been naught to me, to that young man may a pitfall be. He, too, must cross in the twilight dim. Good friend, I am building this bridge for him.” — L.E. (Erv) Johnson, Idaho 1953

FOREWARD The manuscript for Beta Statesmen arrived in the mail. Brother Erv Johnson had honored me by inviting me to write a Foreward. I readily accepted. Soon I discovered that the author had prepared a Preface and Acknowledgements that far surpassed anything I could write in answer to the question “why a book about Beta statesmen?

Okay! So I’m struggling to put together a challenging Introduction. After all, I know this isn’t the first and only documentation of Beta Theta Pi history. Beta historians over the years have collected stories, biographies, documents, manuals and articles galore. And there will be many more in the years ahead.

How will Beta Statesmen register on your bookshelf and on your reading list? Will it be the book you settle with in a comfortable chair for an evening of reading by the fireplace? Is it the tome you curl up with in bed under the reading lamp until you fall asleep? Exciting? Cover to cover? You just can't put it down? No. It just doesn't fit into that literary slot.

During his nine years as editor of The Beta Theta Pi, Erv Johnson met hundreds of Betas at chapter functions, workshops, conventions and special events. Now he has put together some great biographies of many in a book that Beta brothers will treasure as an interesting, valuable resource. Prospective Betas can use it to learn about the men who blazed paths to follow.

Active members can point to it with pride in appreciation of “the remarkable heritage of outstanding men who have gone before.”

Here are examples to follow. For Betas in all walks of life, Beta Statesmen will serve as a resource in learning more about brothers we meet or work with in our daily lives. It is a guidebook for future Beta historians and authors. In short, it’s a great read any time.

I must comment here, on a personal note, and with considerable pride, that I recognize quite a few Beta statesmen in Brother Erv’s compilation. It has been my good fortune to have met them in various places and capacities.

I came to the United States in 1931, a 12-year-old immigrant, who couldn't speak a word of English. In 1939, I had the good fortune to pledge Beta Theta Pi at Miami University. On Centenary Day, August 8 of that year, I was one of eight Alpha chapter pledges initiated by the General Fraternity at the Centenary Convention. Under a canopy of Elm trees, hundreds of Betas of all ages, alumni and undergraduates from all parts of the United States, Canada and the world, paraded up Oxford’s High Street to Harrison Hall where the eight founders had formally established the Fraternity a hundred years before. I had been chosen to carry the American flag at the head of the parade. What a proud moment for this immigrant! What a great day!

Among the nationally known personalities participating in the Centenary Convention was Wendell L. Willkie, Indiana 1915, who would become a candidate for the presidency a year later. I walked up to this great American and said, “Hello, Brother Willkie. I’m John Dolibois.”

He greeted me with warmth and a special grip of the hand. “They shine among the stars that grace the galaxy of Fame,” are words of a Beta hymn I recalled vividly. I was learning for the first time that in this country prominent citizens will meet you and greet you as brothers and friends regardless of station. Look for Brother Willkie’s biography in this book.

William Warren Dawson, Ohio State 1914, was among the “Silver Grays” who inititated us

eight neophytes into the Fraternity on that memorable evening. Two years later, Bill Dawson was the president of the General Fraternity, and we met again when I was privileged to be a delegate to the general convention at Mackinac Island. He remembered me as one of the eight Centenary initiates. Bill Dawson was Dean of the Law School at Western Reserve University and a highly respected lawyer.

The Dawson family cook, one Aunt Lucinda, referred to her employer as “a extra average man.” I agreed with Aunt Lucinda, especially when Brother Dawson and I met again in Germany during World War II. He was a colonel, the Military Governor of the occupied state of Baden-Wuertemburg. I was a first lieutenant. He treated me as his most honored guest.

I was entrusted to serve Beta Theta Pi as a district chief and had the good fortune to be at Denison University when Brother Richard G. Lugar, Denison 1954, was initiated. This was the beginnning of a friendship “that lasts through life.” Our paths crossed at a number of conven­ tions in the years since our meeting at Denison. Senator Lugar was a member of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations and conducted the confirmation hearing for my appointment as U.S. Ambassador to Luxembourg. A personal note from him on Aug. 18, 1981, graces a special page in my book of memories. He is indeed a most worthy Beta Men o f Principle spokesman.

I must note here with considerable pride that I recognize quite a few Beta statesmen in Erv Johnson’s synopsis. It’s been my good fortune to have met them in various places and situations. And I’m fully aware that there are many in Beta’s great domain who are not listed in these pages. But there is more to follow as we’re marching along in Beta Theta Pi, “strong in the might of our bonds fraternal.”

— John E. Dolibois, Miami 1942, U.S. Ambassador to Luxembourg, 1980-84

Stories and pictures o f many fam ous Betas, including her statesmen, can be fo und in Oxford, Ohio, in the Beta Theta Pi Archives and Museum, a gift o f Lee B. Thompson, Oklahoma 1925.

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ABOUT THE FIRST 41 FEATURED BETAS The next 70 pages contain expanded biographies of 41 Betas whom the author has chosen to feature for their remarkable and unselfish contributions to the public good. In virtually every example of Beta excellence, these brothers have devoted their lives, often unselfishly, to bring great credit upon the Fraternity, their community, state or province, nation, often, even, the world.

As young men, each of them, as does every new Beta, learned that membership in Beta Theta Pi carries with it an obligation to exemplary conduct, responsible citizenship and commit­ ment to community as well as lifelong friendship and unfaltering fidelity as objects worthy of the highest aim and purpose of associated effort.

The Fraternity encourages its members to conduct themselves as responsible citizens in a principled life. Hopefully, the experience of being a Beta encourages men to lifelong service to their university, fraternity and community.

Some men, of course, are content to regard their fraternal ties as simply a collegiate experi­ ence, and that’s that. Others seek the Beta stars for the rest of their lives. Many of the men on the pages that follow have been generous in praising their Fraternity experiences.

As the great United States senator in the first half of the 20th century, William E. Borah, Kansas 1889, declared: “I always feel that whatever success I have attained I owe in large measure to those indelible impressions created in my college days through my association with Beta fraternalism when the Betas at old Kansas gathered for their weekly meetings.”

Interestingly, the “Lion of the Senate” was a KU undergraduate for little more than one year.

Schuyler Colfax, DePauw 1854, the only Beta to serve as vice president of the United States, rejoiced at his Beta experiences throughout his life: “Not only are Beta principles elevating, inspiring, ennobling, indeed, but from east to west our brethren are resolved that no other college society shall excel ours in the cultivation and development of true manhood.”

In the shadow of the great oaks, Brennan Hall is the Beta administrative office in Oxford, Ohio.

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CHARLES HENRY HARDIN (1820-92), MIAMI 1841 Governor of Missouri, 1876-78; Democrat “A bright student, it didn’t take him half the time to get his lessons that it did the others. A cheerful, pleasant, agreeable companion, he could read the New Testament in Greek like English but knew not a word o f Latin. They asked me to help him; in ninety days he was above mediocrity in that language.” — Samuel Taylor Marshall, Miami 1840, o f ever honored memory.

One of Beta Theta Pi’s eight founders, Charles Henry Hardin, o f ever honored memory, is number five on the roll of Alpha chapter at Miami University. Born July 15, 1820, in Trimble County, Ky., his early youth was spent in Columbia, Mo. He rode horseback to Bloomington, where he attended the University of Indiana, 1837-39, before transferring to Miami, March 18,1839.

After Marshall and John Reily Knox had finalized their plans for a new fraternity, “The next question was,” Knox recalled, “whom shall we connect with us in this matter. Charles Hardin roomed next door to Marshall, so we called him in, and I initiated him and Taylor Marshall.”

After graduation from Miami, he studied law at William Jewell College. In 1848, he was elected state’s attorney for the 2nd Judicial Circuit of Missouri. A Democrat, he served in the Missouri House, 1852, 1854 and 1858. In 1855, he was appointed to

“H e a lo n e — on e a g a in st th e entire M isso u ri legislatu re — sto o d a g a in st secessio n !”

a commission to revise and codify the laws of Missouri.

Hardin served in the Missouri house of representatives; in 1860, he was elected to the State senate. Later that year, he was disenfran­ chised along with the entire Senate for alleged disloyalty, although he was the only senator to vote against secession. After the war, he was again elected to the Senate in 1870; in 1875, he was elected Missouri’s governor and served a two-year term.

Primarily a lawyer and educator, Hardin was a founder and board chairman of Hardin (Mo.) Female College in 1875 and was president of its board of trustees until his death. He was a curator of the University of Missouri, a trustee of William Jewell College for 22 years, president of the Mexico Southern Bank and keynote speaker at Beta Theta Pi’s convention in 1885.

Perhaps wise beyond his years, when Hardin was inaugurated as the third president of Alpha chapter, Jan. 31, 1841, he said: “The beauty, elegance and permanency o f all civil society depend wholly upon the integration o f its social union and mental cultivation. Here then we assume for the basis of our own secret association the vital principle upon which hangs the progress and intellectual greatness of the human race, the mutual fidelity of hearts, the mutual assistance o f mind.” Later, in a letter to Pater Knox in 1841, Hardin wrote: “Bless the star that rose when I became a Beta, for it was the happiest moment o f my life. The bond o f ___kai___ is the most admirable association ever thought o f by man. ” In 1879, Edward Bruce Stevens wrote, “Charley Hardin, you know, was lately governor of the great state of Missouri, and a good governor he made; he was and is a good Beta. I had the honor of having him for a roommate for one term, and so came to know and appreciate his worth and capacity better, perhaps, than many others. In those days Charley was regarded as one of the strong men of the college. I knew him as one of the most industrious, untiring and ambitious of men; but I also knew him as one of the most sincere, devoted and tenderly attached of friends.

BETA STATESMEN

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“Governor Charley Hardin and the Honor­ able Samuel Shellabarger of Ohio were class­ mates. I well remember a society and class struggle for a speakership. Unfortunately, as some of us thought, Charley was beaten, and I shall never forget the bitter fight it developed in the society hall. Then I entered into its spirit as an angry partisan; but now, and for long since, I have looked back to those days of glo­ rious strife, developing character and map­ ping out the future. Hardin, then, was father of the coming man.”

H.A. Trexler, Whitman 1906: “(Hardin) was one of Missouri’s greatest citizens. He was compiler of the State Code of 1855. . . . He is buried beside his kinsman, Dr. William Jewell, another college founder, in the little rural fam­ ily cemetery a few miles from the campus of

Charles Henry Hardin, Miami 1841

the University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. “Once when Hardin was governor, the legislature appropriated $20,000 for a building at one of the state institutions. The contractors and architect came to the governor with a plan of the building with a tower added. They insisted that the tower would add greatly to the artistic beauty of the edifice and argued for its cost of $5,000 more. But (Hardin) concluded that the tower was the graft in the contract, so he went over to his desk, found a ruler and a red pencil and drew a line in red to cut off the tower. ‘Gentlemen,’ said he, ‘I shall not endeavor to induce the legisla­ ture to increase this appropriation. We shall have just $20,000 worth of buildings.’”

In a speech by former Beta President Dr. Hugh E. Stephenson, Jr., Missouri 1943, for the then Fraternity President James G. Martin, Davidson 1957, delivered at the graveside ceremony honoring Founder Hardin: “In a full and productive life that spanned 72 years, many significent milestones were reached by (Hardin.) John Reily Knox in 1896 wrote that Hardin had become ‘the most distinguished in life of any of the eight founders.’

“By economy, retrenchment and reform, his administration restored the impaired credit of Missouri, and his term has since been deemed a model for others to follow, not alone in point of financial strength, but in the general welfare and prosperity of the state.”

Fellow Beta T.T. Crittenden, Centre 1855, said, “He has a character greater than any other man in this state, and his public career is a monument to be envied by every other man.” Another Beta Governor, D.R. Francis, speaking at Hardin’s funeral, said, “No man in the history of Missouri or of any other state ever filled the office of chief executive with more credit than did Hardin.”

Of his association with Beta Theta Pi, Hardin said, “The cultivation o f friendship is a most important object in the organization o f this association. Friendship and fidelity cannot be culti­ vated like the barren field by toil and labor; nor like the qualities o f the mind with severe and unwearied application, but by a ready and willing commingling o f hearts with hearts — of feelings with feelings. Such is friendship in its purity — constant as time in prosperity and unchangeable as the decrees of fate in adversity. ”

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JAMES HARLAN (1820-99), DEPAUW 1845 U.S. Senator from Iowa, 1855-65, 1867-73; Secretary of the Interior, 1865-66; Whig party1, Free Soil party, Republican Born in Clark County, III., Harlan moved with his family to Indiana at age four. He taught school until 1841, graduated from Indiana Asbury (DePauw) University; moved to Iowa City, Iowa, 1845, and was state superintendent of public instruction in 1847. He studied law; was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Iowa City, Iowa, 1845. He declined the Whig nomination for Governor of Iowa, 1850, was president of Iowa Wesleyan University, 1853-55, and was elected as a Free Soiler to the U.S. Senate, 1855. Owing to irregularities in the legislative proceedings, the Senate declared the seat vacant in January 1857. He was reelected as a Republican to fill the vacancy thus created; he was reelected again in 1860 and served, 1857-65. He resigned to accept a Cabinet portfolio. In Congress, he was chairman, Committee on Public Lands (1861-67.) He was a delegate to the peace convention in Washington, DC, in 1861, in an effort to devise means to prevent the impending war.

Harlan was appointed Secretary of the Interior in the Cabinet of Presi­ dent Andrew Johnson, succeeding John Usher, May 15, 1865. As sec­ retary he announced that he intended to “clean house” and fired “a considerable number of incumbents who were seldom at their re­ James Harlan DePauw 1845 spective desks.” Among this group was the poet Walt Whitman, then working as a clerk in the department, who received his dismissal note on June 30, 1865. Harlan had found a copy of Leaves o f Grass on Whitman’s desk as the poet was making revisions and found it to be morally offensive.

“I will not have the author of that book in this department,” he said. “If the President should order his reinstatement, I would resign sooner than I would put him back.”

Harlan resigned as Secretary of the Interior in 1866 when he no longer supported the poli­ cies of President Johnson. He was elected again to the Senate in 1867, serving until 1873. He was chairman, Committee on the District of Columbia (1867-73); Committee on Education (1867-69) and Committee on Indiana Affairs (1869-73.)

An unsuccessful candidate for the Senate and governorship of Indiana, he was appointed presiding judge of the court of commissioners of Alabama Claims, 1882-86, and died in Mount Pleasant. An attorney, he had been a co-counsel to Abraham Lincoln. He was generally and genuinely loyal to Lincoln and headed the President’s campaign fund-raising.

Gen. Grenville Dodge recalled how Sen. Harlan intervened at the White House in 1864: 1Whig: recalls the British term for those who opposed the monarchy

The H arlans an d the Lincolns: a fa m ily affair President Lincoln’s wife abetted and encouraged a relationship between Sen. Harlan’s daughter, Mary Eunice, and her son, Robert Todd Lincoln. Lincoln had once told Secretary of War Edwin Santon: “Mary is tremendously in love with Sena­ tor Harlan’s little daughter. I think she has picked her for a daughter-in-law. As usual, I think Mary has shown fine taste.” The two were married in 1868. Todd, a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon at Harvard, was a lawyer and politician. He was U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdon, 1889-93.

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“When I arrived at the White House, I met Senator Harlan in the ante-room, and he took me to see the President, who was receiving people. Sen. Harlan took me up to him immediately and presented me. President Lincoln received me cordially. He asked me to wait while he disposed of the crowd. He took each person by the hand and in his kindly way disposed of them. I felt I was overstaying my time, so stepped up and said that I had merely called to pay my respects and so would say goodbye. Pres. Lincoln turned and said, 'If you have time, I wish you would

T h e f i r s t B e ta to b e c o m e a U .S. S en a to r, h e w as a p a s s io n a te a n ti- w a r a d v o c a te

wait; I want to talk to you.’” Eventually, Lincoln served lunch to Gen. Dodge and inquired about the prospects of the Army of the Potomac, then laying siege to Richmond."

The Harlans were often guests of the Lincolns on afternoon carria9e rides. “During these drives to the country,” Harlan recalled, “we ^ad, ° f course, unrestrained conversation with each other — very much,

1 think’ as 'f we were members of the same family. The last drive we had together occurred almost immediately after the fall of Richmond and the surrender of the Confederacy at Appomattox (Court House.)

“On this occasion we four drove across the Potomac, on Long Bridge into Virginia, and thence in the direction of Falls Church, through the country still marred and scarred — perhaps I should say devastated — by the recent presence of the great armies who had stripped it of almost every vestige of the environments of civilized life, including its once comfortable habita­ tions, outbuildings, orchards, field fences, gardens and ornamental shrubbery. Even the hills had been deprived of their once majestic forests of native trees. After a long drive, occupying several hours, we returned to Washington to resume the drudgery of our respective official stations.”

Harlan recalled that the effect of the drive, only days before the President’s assassination, found him “transformed. His whole appearance, poise and bearing had marvelously changed.

He was, in fact, transfigured. That indescribable sadness was suddenly exchanged for an expression of serene joy as if conscious that the great purpose of his life had been achieved.”2 Presiding judge of the court of commissioners of Alabama claims, 1882-86, Harlan was president of Iowa Wesleyan College in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, 1853 and 1869-70, where he resided until his death. Along with pioneer Iowa A m atter o f prin cipled men Governor Samuel Kirkwood, Harlan’s sculp­ Curiously, chapter brothers James tured likeness is maintained among the two Harlan, DePauw 1845, and Schyler coveted statues apportioned to each state on Colfax, DePauw 1854 (see page 12) display under the rotunda in Statuary Hall in found themselves in high positions the Capitol in Washington, DC. Harlan’s fullsubsequent to the heroic and tragic body bronze sculpture, crafted by Nellie V. presidency of Abraham Lincoln: Harlan Walker, was placed in the Capitol in 1910. as P resident Andrew J o h n s o n ’s Amid the rolling hills of southeastern Iowa, Secretary of the Interior, 1865-66, and Mount Pleasant yields an unexpected Lincoln Colfax as vice president in the first administration of President Ullyses S. connection, the home of James Harlan. On Grant, 1869-73. Harlan resigned and the National Register of Historic Places, it has Colfax declined a second term, both a collection of Harlan and Lincoln memora­ finding they could no longer be bilia and can be toured by appointment.3 associated with ineffective or corrupt presidencies. In today’s Beta Theta Pi 2American National Biography; Dictionary o f vernacular, the two men from Indiana Am erican Biography; Brigham , Johnson. would be considered true “men of 3James Harlan. Iowa City: State Historical So­ principle.” ciety of Iowa, 1913.

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BENJAMIN GRATZ BROWN (1826-85), TRANSYLVANIA 1846 U.S. Senator from Kentucky, 1863-67; Governor of Missouri, 1871-73; Liberal Republican Candidate for Vice President, 1872; Unconditional Unionist as senator; Republican as governor Born in Lexington, Ky., Benjamin Gratz Brown (usually called “B. Gratz”), went on to Yale where he took his second degree, an A.B., in 1847. He studied law at Louisville, Ky., and practiced in St. Louis, Mo. A member of the State house of representa­ tives, 1852-58, he was founder-editor of the Missouri Democrat.

On Aug. 26,1856, Brown fought a duel on Bloody Island (Mississippi River) with Thomas C. Reynolds, the St. Louis District Attorney, over slavery. Reynolds was unhurt, but Brown was shot in the leg and limped for the rest of his life. An able lawyer, he spoke in 1857 against a resolution opposing emancipation. The speech marked the begin­ ning of the Free Soil movement in Missouri.

Along with Beta Theta Pi founder Charles Henry Hardin, Miami 1841, “B. G ratz” fought a duel over slavery.

o f ever honored memory, he took an active part in preventing the se­ cession of Missouri in 1861. During the war, he enlisted in the Union

Army, personally recruited more than 1,200 men for his regiment and commanded it, advanc­ ing in rank to brigadier general.

He was elected U.S. Senator as an Unconditional Unionist (serving as a Republican.) In the Senate, he was chairman of the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds, 1865-67, and a member of the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expense, 1865-67. He was governor of Missouri, 1870-72.

Brown opposed President Lincoln’s moderation and objected to the Emancipation Proclamation because it did not free slaves in Missouri and other loyal border states. He was a key figure in the move to re­ place Lincoln with John C. Fremont in 1864.

Following Lincoln’s assassination, Brown was vehemently opposed to new President Andrew Johnson’s moderate plan of Reconstruction.

“B. Gratz” struggled against the pro-slavery faction and led the Free Soil movement.

He also supported the Radical-sponsored Civil Rights Bill and Freedmen’s Bureau Bill. Brown left the Senate in 1867 because of ill health. In 1870, dissatisfied with the Missouri Republi­ cans, he joined the Liberal Republican Party. They nominated Brown for governor.

A contender for the Liberal Republican Presidential nomination in 1872, Brown lost to news­ paper editor Horace Greeley, thus Brown became the vice presidential candidate under Greeley for the Liberal Republican and Democratic parties. Greeley died November 30 of illness, before the results came out in the electoral college, thus the electoral votes that were to have been for Greeley were split between all candidates.

Brown returned to his law practice, quit the Republican Party and resumed his ties to the Democrats.

Brown’s career reflected the turbulence and political chaos of the years 1848-77. While many of his political shifts were based on expediency and reflected the transient passions of the times, his commitment to nationalism and his advocacy of liberal reforms provided a measure of consistency beneath his political wandering.

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MATTHEW STANLEY QUAY (1833-1904), JEFFERSON (WASHINGTON AND JEFFERSON) 1850 U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania, 1887-99, 1901-04; Republican; First member of Beta Theta Pi to be awarded the Medal of Honor Born in Dilkburg, Pa., Quay was a Civil War hero, the first of six Betas to receive the Medal of Honor, the highest U.S. honor for bravery, Dec. 14, 1862, following the Battle of Fredericksburg, Va. He studied law and practiced in Beaver, Pa., was prothonotary of Beaver County, 185661, and joined the Union Army as a lieutenant, 10th Pennsylvania Reserves.

Although out of the service for a time, he voluntarily resumed duty, as colonel, 134th Pennsylvania Infantry, on the eve of the battle of Fredericksburg, Va. (Dec. 13,1862) and took a conspicuous part in “the charge on the h eights,” which earned him the Medal of Honor. He also was lieutenant colonel and assistant commissary general for Pennsylva­ nia and a major and chief of transportation and telegraphs. For a time, he was state mili­ tary agent at Washington, DC, and military sec­ retary to the governor of Pennsylvania.

Matthew Stanley Quay, Jefferson 1850

Quay owned and edited the Beaver Radicaii 1867-72, was a member of the State house of representatives, 1865-67, secretary of the

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 1872-82, recorder for the city of Philadelphia, 1885-87, State treasurer, 1885-87, and leading member of the U.S. Senate, 1887-1904.

He chaired the Committee to Examine Branches of the Civil Service,

A s tro n g a n ti-

the Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard, the Commit-

s la v e ry

tee on the Library, the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds and

advocate b o th as

the Committee on the Organization and the Conduct and Expenditures of

a s o ld ie r a n d a

Executive Departments. He died in Beaver, Pa. His statue of white marble

le g is la to r

is in the rotunda of the State capitol in Harrisburg.

President Theodore Roosevelt recalled Quay's concern for the Delaware Indians whom the senator believed were not being well treated by the Department of the Interior. At Quay’s re­ quest, Roosevelt visited the ailing hero days before his death. “He urged my assurance that I would personally see that no injustice was done to the Delaware people,” the President re­ called. “I told him I would do so, perfunctorily urging his recovery and to be back in Congress when it reopened. A gleam came into the old fighter’s eyes and he answered, ‘No, I am dying, and you know it. I don’t mind dying, but I do wish it possible for me to get off into the great north woods and crawl out on a rock in the sun and die like a wolf.’ I never saw him again, but I’ll never forget that when death was already clutching his breast, he spent almost his last breath on behalf of humble and friendless people whom he had served with disinterested loyalty.”

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JOHN MARSHALL HARLAN (1833-1911), CENTRE 1850 Associate Justice, U.S. Supreme Court, 1877-1911 Whig', Know Nothings, Republican Serving on the U.S. Supreme Court for more than 33 years, John Marshall Harlan was known as “the great dissenter,” particularly in his support for “equal but separate” rights for African Americans. He is most notable as the lone dissenter in the famous 1896 case of Plessy v.

Ferguson, which upheld Southern segregation statutes. The second longest serving justice, 1877-1911, he was the first Supreme Court justice to earn a modern law degree. His 33 years on the court was later eclipsed by William O. Douglas, Whitman 1920 (37 years, 7 months.)

Born in 1833 into a prominent Kentucky slaveholding family, his father was a well-known state politician and former congressman. He attended Centre College in Danville, Ky., where he pledged Epsilon chapter, which was chartered by Beta Theta Pi in 1848 while he was an undergraduate.

After graduating from Centre, he earned a law degree from Transylvania College and joined his father’s law practice in 1852. He was a Whig as was his father. After the party’s dissolution, he participated in several parties, including the Know Nothings. He was elected county judge of Franklin County, Ky., in 1858. He enlisted in the Union Army when war broke out in 1861, rising to the rank of colonel. Throughout the war he firmly supported slavery, at one point stating he would resign his post if President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation.

After service, he returned home and resumed his law career. He was elected Attorney Gen­ eral of Kentucky in 1863; and, in 1868, he joined the Republican party, The fir s t Beta turning strongly against slavery, calling it “the most perfect despotism that ever existed on this earth.” He ran for governor in 1872 and 1875, Suprem e C ourt losing both times. justice, he was Appointed to the Supreme Court in 1877 by President Rutherford B. known as “the Hayes, he supplemented his income while serving on the court by g rea t d issen ter.” teaching Constitutional Law at a night school which became part of H e was a t the George Washington University. fo refro n t o f equal Harlan earned his reputation as “the great dissenter” as the Court rights. moved away from interpreting the Reconstruction Amendments to pro­ tect African Americans. Decades ahead of his fellow justices, he wrote eloquent dissents in support of equal rights. In the Civil Rights Cases (1883), the Supreme Court struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875, holding that the act exceeded Congressional power. Harlan alone dissented, vigorously charging that the majority had subverted the Reconstruction Amend­ ments: “The substance and spirit of the recent amendments of the constitution have been sacrificed by a subtle and ingenious verbal criticism.”

Harlan was the first justice to argue that the 14th Amendment incorporated the Bill of Rights (making rights guarantees applicable to the states) in Flurtado v. California (1884).

In 1896, the Supreme Court handed down one of the most reviled decisions in its history, Plessy v. Ferguson, which established the doctrine of “separate but equal,” legitimizing South­ ern segregation practices. Harlan was again alone in his dissent.

In stirring language that would inspire civil rights activists for generations to come, Harlan declared: “In view of the constitution, in the eye of the law, there is in this country no superior, dominant ruling class of citizens. There is no caste here. Our constitution is color-blind, and 1Whig: recalls the British term for those who opposed the monarchy

BETA STATESMEN

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neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens. In respect of civil rights, all citizens are equal before the law. The humblest is the peer of the most powerful. The law regards man as man, takes no account of his sur­ roundings or his color when his civil rights as guaranteed by the (Constitution) are involved.”

Harlan argued that the Louisiana law at is­ sue in the case, which forced separation of white and black passengers on railway cars, was a “badge of servitude” that degraded Afri­ can-Americans. He correctly predicted that the Court’s ruling would become as infamous as its ruling in the Dred Scott case.

In his aforementioned dissent to Plessy v.

Ferguson, Harlan further wrote: The white race deems itself to be the dominant race in this country. And so it is in prestige, in achieve­ ments, in education, in wealth and in power.

So, I doubt not it will continue to be for all time

John Marshall Harlan, Centre 1850

if it remains true to its great heritage and holds fast to the principles of constitutional liberty.”

Many historians, including many civil rights leaders, regard Harlan as one of the most impor­ tant, controversial and visionary Supreme Court justices in U.S. history.

It is also said that Harlan’s attitudes toward civil rights were influenced by the social prin­ ciples of the Presbyterian Church. During his tenure as an associate justice, he taught a Sunday School class at a Presbyterian church in Washington, DC. Harlan’s son, James S. Harlan, was chairman of the Interstate Commerce Commission; his grandson, John Marshall Harlan II, was a Supreme Court associate justice, 1955-71.

Speaking of Beta lessons learned In his chapter’s hall, Justice Harlan said: “The feeling of every genuine Beta (is described in the lines) ‘Here we meet in joys fraternal, meet to cheer our brothers on. ’ So sang the Betas at the very beginning o f our organization in years agone, and thus they are singing today. We shall never grow weary of singing In that strain. As true Betas, our sympathies go out to every human being . . . who Is bravely struggling in the line o f duty. ”

B ipartisan su pport fro m a respected opponent Ex-Governor McCreary of Kentucky recalled: “I look back on my first campaign for governor with a great pleasure. It was that campaign that probably gave to the Supreme Court bench one of its most respected and valuable members. My opponent was John Marshall Harlan. He and I agreed to tour the state together. He was older and a larger man, and he had some difficulty in his journeys, particularly when it came to fording streams. We became the best of friends.” McCreary won the election.

“Shortly after President Hayes had been sworn in, there was a vacancy on the Supreme Court. The President came out to Louisville, and I met him at a dinner.

When I was alone with the President, he asked what kind of man Harlan was. I told him that Harlan had done more for the party in Kentucky and received less than any other man, and that he was the ablest lawyer in the state. A few days later Hayes named Harlan to the bench.”

10

JOHN BROWN GORDON (1832-1904), GEORGIA 1853 U.S. Senator from Georgia, 1873-80, 1891-97; Governor of Georgia, 1886-90 Fort Gordon, Ga., is named for this lieutenant general in the Army of Northern Virginia. Out­ ranked only by Gen. Robert E. Lee, commander of the Army of the Potomac, and Gen. James Longstreet, Gordon is credited with saving Lee’s life.

Born in Upson County, Ga., Gordon left college before graduating; moved to Atlanta; studied law; married Rebecca Haralson; began practice at Kirkwood, Ga., 1854; also engaged in coal mining until the outbreak of the Civil War; joined the Confederate Army as an infantry captain; after the war, resumed his law practice in Atlanta; unsuccessful candidate for Governor, 1868; Governor of Georgia, 1886-90; U.S. Senator, 1874-80, 1891-97; chairman, Committee on Com­ merce, 1879-81, and Committee on Coastal Defenses, 1893-95. He resigned from the Senate to promote the building of the Georgia Pacific Railroad.

A brilliant orator, he was an inspiration to his men. At Gettysburg, an officer recalled that the sight of Gordon mounted on his magnificent, coal-black stallion was “the most glorious and inspiring thing” he had ever seen, an unforgettable “splendid picture of gallantry.” During the Seven Days Battles, Gordon strode fearlessly among his men, enemy balls shattered the handle of his pistol, pierced his canteen and tore away the front of his coat.

Assigned by Lee to hold an essential position during the Battle of Sharpsburg, Gordon’s luck almost ran out. Tremendously outnumbered, many Confederates went down at Bloody Lane, including Gordon. “First, a mini ball passed through his calf. He soldiered on. A second ball hit the same leg. He soldiered on. A third ball went through his left arm. He continued on though his arm was mangled and an artery was severed by this ball. A fourth ball hit his shoulder. He was finally stopped when a fifth ball passed through his left cheek and out his jaw.”

Nursed back to health by his wife, he was placed in command of six An inspiration Georgia regiments. He led his troops in the Battle of Spotsylvania to his troops in Courthouse. Lee’s greatly outnumbered army was threatened with war ; he brought being cut in two. Only Gordon and his men could prevent this tragedy.

Lee prepared to lead the charge of Gordon’s men when Gordon com passion to shouted: “General Lee, this is no place for you. These men have never p u b lic service. failed you and will not fail you here. Will you boys?”

“No, no, no, we’ll not fail him,” the men cried. Then they took up the chant, “Lee to the rear! Lee to the rear!” Gordon seized Lee’s horse’s bridle and ordered some men to take Lee to the rear.

Many believed that Gordon’s success in turning back Union troops at this, the Bloody Angle, gave the Confederacy an additional year of life.

“Another time, the first day of the battle of Gettysburg, Gordon noticed the stars on a wounded enemy officer’s shoulder straps. His condition gave little doubt that he would die. Gordon dismounted, inquired of the man’s identity and was told he was General Francis Barlow from New York. Barlow asked Gordon to give a message to his wife, telling her that his last thought was of her. Gordon instructed his men to take the Yankee general to some shade to the rear.

“Later, Gordon, learning that Barlow's wife was a Union nurse, sent a messenger to her with news of her husband’s fate with the offer of safe passage through the lines. She returned with the messenger. As the battles went on, Gordon believed that Barlow’s wounds were so severe that he must have died. But Barlow recovered. Barlow, too, heard of the death of a Confederate General J.B. Gordon. Thus, both men believed the other had been killed.

“Some 15 years later, Senator Gordon was at a dinner in Washington, DC. He happened to meet a General Barlow, prominent officer in the U.S. Army. When Gordon was introduced, he inquired. ‘General, are you related to the Barlow who was killed at Gettysburg?’

BETA STATESMEN

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“’Why, I am the man,’ said Barlow, asking.

‘Are you related to the Gordon who killed me?’ “’Why, I am the man, sir,’ was Gordon’s startled reply. From that moment, they devel­ oped a close friendship. Barlow died in 1896.” 1 Earlier, at Lee’s surrender, Gordon com­ manded the right wing of the Army of Northern Virginia. He played a leading part in the dra­ matic events of that April day in 1865 when the shattered remnants of Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia laid down its arms. The incident is a high spot in the best-seller The Twentieth Maine, by John J. Pullen. Two figures stand out graphically in the story. Union General Joshua L. Chamberlain, commander of the 3rd Brigade, participated in the surrender cer­ emonies. The other, General Gordon.

“At sunrise,” wrote Pullen, “Chamberlain had his lines formed for parade on the main street of the little town, extending from the Appomattox John Brown Gordon, Georgia 1853 River on the right almost to the courthouse.

Across the river they could see the Confeder­ ate troops breaking their last camp. Then the vanguard of the gray crossed the river and approached. As the head of the column drew nearer the conviction grew on the Northern side that these men deserved a salute of arms.

“When the head of the gray column came opposite the 3rd Brigade, a bugle sounded. There was the soft, ordered slapping of hands on wood and metal, and along the whole (Union) line, regiment by regiment, muskets rose with a simultaneous gleaming to the marching salute.

“At the head of the Confederate column, General Gordon, head bowed, caught the sound of shifting arms. The meaning suddenly dawned on him, and in a moment the spirit changed.

Gordon wheeled toward the 3rd Brigade command. Rider and horse made one superb uplifted figure; dropping his sword point to the toe of his boot as he returned Chamberlain’s compli­ ment. Then, facing his own command, Gordon ordered his troops to pass with the same position of the manual, the two armies thus honoring one another in a final salute.”

Chamberlain later recalled, “On our part not a sound of trumpet more nor roll of drum, not a cheer nor word nor whisper of vain-gloring, nor motion of men standing again at the order — but an awed stillness rather, and breath-holding, as if it were the passing of the dead. . . . Before us in proud humiliation stood the embodiment of manhood, men whom neither toils and sufferings, nor death, nor disaster, nor hopelessness could bend from their resolve; standing before us now, thin, worn and famished, but erect and with eyes looking level into ours, waking memories that bound us together as no other bond." And of General Gordon, magnificent in defeat: “’The best-looking soldier I ever saw in my life.’”

Of the same General Gordon, President Theodore Roosevelt some 40 years later said, “A more gallant, generous and fearless gentleman and soldier has not been seen by our country.”

An heroic statue of Gordon is on the State House grounds in Atlanta.

While in college, he was a member of the Mystical Seven, initiated March 5, 1849, which eventually merged with Beta Theta Pi. Gordon was immensely pleased to learn of the two fraternities becoming one. He was formally initiated into Beta Theta Pi, March 8, 1894, at a Beta banquet in Columbus, Ohio, in the presence of Supreme Court Justice Brewer, Wesleyan 1855, and General Secretary J. Calvin Hanna, Wooster 1881.

1Remembrances o f the Civil War, J.B. Gordon, 1903 (John Reily Knox Library, Oxford, Ohio)

12

SCHUYLER COLFAX (1823-85), DEPAUW 1854 U.S. Vice President, 1869-73; Representative from Indiana, 1855-68; Speaker of the House, 1863-68; Whig1, Anti-Nebraska Party, Know-Nothings, Republican Initiated by Delta chapter while a young man, Schuyler Colfax is the only Beta to serve as vice president of the United States. Born in New York City, he moved with his parents to New Carlisle, Ind. As a young man, he contributed articles to the New York Herald Tribune on Indiana politics and formed a lasting friendship with the newspaper’s editor, Horace Greeley.

The youth quickly established a reputation as a rising young Whig in Indiana politics and, at 19, became editor of a pro-Whig newspaper, the South Bend Free Press. In 1845, he pur­ chased the newspaper and changed its name to the St. Joseph Valley Register, owning it for nearly two decades, 1845-63.

Colfax was a delegate to the Whig conventions, 1848 and 1852, and to the Indiana Constitu­ tional Convention, 1852. He was nominated to run for Congress in 1850 and lost a narrow race to his Democratic opponent. As the Whig Party collapsed, he ran again, this time successfully, in 1854 as an Anti-Nebraska candidate in opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

An energetic c a m p a ig n er a g a in st slavery, he h elped fo u n d the new R epublican Party.

An energetic campaigner against slavery, he made a monumental speech attacking the pro-slavery Lecompton party legislature in Kan­ sas. The speech became the most widely requested Republican cam­ paign document in the election of 1860.

After a brief flirtation with the Know-Nothing Party, he joined the new Republican Party, formed as a fusion of Northern Whigs, Anti-Nebraska Democrats, Know-Nothings and Free Soilers.

After Republicans gained a majority in the House in 1856, he be­

came chairman of the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1855-69, and in 1862, following the defeat of House Speaker Galusha Grow’s bid for reelection, he was elected as his replacement as Speaker of the House, serving in that legislative body’s top post, 1863-69.

In 1868, Colfax was elected the 17th U.S. Vice President in the first administration of Ulysses S. Grant. Inaugurated March 4, 1869, he served a full term, through March 4, 1873. When the scandals of Grant’s presidency worsened, Colfax tried to distance himself from the corrupt administration; as a result, he was dropped from the ticket in the 1872 election.

A report in the St. Lawrence Plain Dealer summarized a gathering of St. Lawrence Betas in 1880, where the guest lecturer Schuyler Colfax “delivered with an ease and charm of manner only to be appreciated by those who have heard him on similar occasions.”

Schuyler Colfax’s signature is on the 1864 joint resolution proposing the 13th Amendment to the Constitution abolishing slavery. Absenting himself for renomination for vice president in 1872, he was replaced on the ticket by Henry Wilson, a senator from Massachusetts. Com­ pounding Colfax’s ill fortune, he became embroiled in the Credit Mobilier of America scandal.

He left office under a cloud of suspicion but was later absolved.

After leaving public office, he embarked on a successful career as a lecturer. On Jan. 13, 1885, he walked some three-quarters of a mile in 30 degree weather to the Omaha rail station in Mankato, Minn. Minutes after arriving, he dropped dead of a heart attack brought on by extreme cold and exhaustion. A bronze tablet in the station commemorates his memory.

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A m erican geo grap hy p erpe tu ate s his memory in many place names, including the towns of Colfax, Calif.; Colfax, Wash., Colfax, La., and Schuyler, Nebr. (county seat of Colfax County), and Colfax County, N.M. The topmost publicly elected U.S. figure in Beta history, Colfax had a lasting friendship with the nation­ ally known editor of the New York Herald Tri­ bune, Horace Greeley.

“There are a few cases also, in the early years of the Fraternity, where young men from professional schools, graduates from other colleges or an occasional local young man of prom ise, w ere a dm itted to m em bership.

Schyler Colfax was an illustration of the sec­ ond type.”2 “Colfax was Speaker of the House of Repre­ sentatives during the Civil War. He was a strict disciplinarian and exercised a great power.

One of President Lincoln’s biographers says, ‘Mr. Lincoln rarely took any step affecting the interests of the nation without making his intentions known to and consulting with Mr. Colfax.’”2 Colfax’s eagerness for the Fraternity was never more clearly stated than in a letter addressed to the General Secretary just two years before his death in 1885. “In my wandering life over the country, lecturing from New England to Nebraska, the pleasantest hours of all, the brightest and best-remembered are when I have happened to be where there was a chapter of our Fraternity with whose members I generally spent a delightful social hour after the lecture. . . .

“And it rejoices me to find everywhere that not only are Beta principles elevating, inspiring, ennobling, indeed, but that from east to west our brethren are resolved that no other college society shall excel ours in the cultivation and development of true . . . manhood.”3 Indiana Governor Albert G. Porter, DePauw 1844, who served in congress four years with Colfax, said, “He was a remarkable man in many respects, and I have never known a person who was so uniformly obliging as he. No man asked a favor of him that he did not do his best to grant, if it was a proper favor to be granted. He was exceedingly magnanimous and forgiving in disposition, more so than almost any other man I ever knew.”4 It was said that while Colfax was not initiated while in college — if, indeed, he ever did attend college — yet he was thoroughly a college man. He received the degree of A.M. from Rutgers in 1854 and Doctor of Laws from Indiana University, Otterbein University and Hillsdale College.3 He was initiated by DePauw chapter in July 1854, a young and comparatively unknown man of 30, when he had come to the commencement of Asbury (now DePauw) University. It was said that he was so enthusiastic for Beta Theta Pi that few members who ever met him had ever known that he was not a college-bred Beta until they heard it from his own lips.

'Whig: recalls the British term for those who opposed the monarchy 2Shepardson, Francis W., Denison 18821Brown 1883, The Story o f Beta Theta Pi. 1935 3Smith, Willard Harvey. The Life and Times o f Hon. Schuyler Colfax. 1952 4The Beta Theta Pi, March 1885, page 153, “Obituary o f the Hon. Schuyler Colfax"

14

WILLIS VAN DEVANTER (1859-1941), DEPAUW 1881 Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, 1911-37 Born in Marion, Ind., Willis Van Devanter received a law degree from the Cincinnati Law School in 1881, and joined his father’s law firm in Marion. Three years later, he moved to Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory, and established his own practice. He was a member of the commission that revised the statutes of Wyoming Territory in 1886. In 1887, he was city attorney of Cheyenne, and the following year he was elected to the Territorial Legislature. He was only 30 years old when, in 1889, President Benjamin Harrison appointed him chief justice of the Wyoming Territorial Supreme Court.

After Wyoming was admitted to the Union as the 44th State in 1890, he resigned as chief justice and returned to private law practice. In 1897, President William McKinley appointed him an assistant U.S. Attorney General, assigned to the Interior Department. President Theodore Roosevelt appointed him to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit in 1903. President William Taft nominated him to the U.S. Supreme Court on Dec. 12, 1910. The Senate confirmed the appointment three days later. He served 26 years, retiring June 2, 1937, and died at age 91.

While in school, he was a close friend of young Omar Bundy. Major General Bundy, a hero in World War I, was famous for holding the Paris Road against the Germans.

Following the advice of Horace Greeley, Van Devanter had gone west, settling in Wyoming, where he became the trusted confidant and lieutenant of Francis E.

H e ex ercised a p o w erfu l an d w holesom e influence on the deliberations o f the C ourt fo r m ore than 26 ye a rs.

Warren. Warren had expanded his interest in every phase of the economy of Wyoming Territory, becoming a city trustee in 1871, a mem­ ber of the Legislature, territorial treasurer, mayor of Cheyenne and finally Governor. In 1889, he was named to the U.S. Senate.

Warren and Van Devanter together, Van Devanter doing most of the hard work, elevated Wyoming to statehood. Van Devanter managed the senatorial canvasses of Warren upon his aspiring to the U.S. Sen­ ate. Van Devanter and Warren espoused the cause of the cattlemen in what was known as the Johnson County War, which erupted in 1892

and changed the political situation in Wyoming with dramatic suddenness.

Persistent rustling of cattle in northern Wyoming caused prominent members of the Wyo­ ming Stockgrowers’ Association to send an expedition into Johnson County to eliminate the thieves. Several of the rustlers were killed, and the others forced the invading cattlemen to seek refuge at the T.A. Ranch on Crazy Woman Creek. After a seige of several days, the U.S. Cavalry intervened, having been dispatched by President Benjamin Harrison. The invading ranchers faced legal action and possible trials for murder.

The voters of Wyoming did not find the denials of Warren’s and Van Devanter’s involvement particularly persuasive, and it cost Warren his seat in the U.S. Senate. Many of the most prominent and substantial citizens were backers of Warren, Van Devanter and their lieuten­ ants. The U.S. marshal for the territory and the state hesitated and finally refused to serve the warrants for the arrest of the cattlemen without the aid of U.S. troops. President Harrison refused to endorse the activities of Senator Warren and Van Devanter, and ordered the U.S. marshal to swear in as many deputies as needed to make the arrests. The marshal, Joseph P. Rankin, seems to have been the whipping boy in this power struggle and he refused to act. The

BETA STATESMEN

15

administration was not satisfied with Marshal Rankin’s stalling and then proved more re­ ceptive to the pleas of Senator Warren and Van Devanter.

To repair the damage to his cause, Warren adopted a pose of detachment. He pretended that the Justice Department had acted on its own, while his lieutenant, VanDevanter, as­ sured restless Republicans of his earnest so­ licitude for Rankin’s welfare. He said, “I am very sorry to see Joe burn his bridges behind by threatening people who have been his con­ stant friends, but probably this is only a tem­ porary madness which his own good judge­ ment will cause him to regret later on.”

Warren’s daughter married Captain John J. Pershing, eventual commander of the U.S. Expeditionary Force in Europe in World War I.

Willis Van Devanter, DePauw 1881

Warren was reelected to the Senate, Van Devanter was elevated to the Supreme Court of Wyoming, later to U.S. Judge of the Circuit Court of Appeals, then to the U.S. Supreme Court. On the court, he made his mark in opinions on public lands, Indian questions, admiralty, jurisdiction and corporate law, but he is best remembered for his opinions defending limited government in the 1920s and 1930s.

He voted against the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (U.S. i/. Butler), the National Recovery Administration (Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States), federal regulation of labor relations (National Labor Relations Board v. Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp.), the Railway Pension Act (Railroad Retirement Board y. Alton Railroad), unemployment insurance (Steward Machine Co. v. Davis) and the minimum wage (West Coast Hotel i/. Parrish).

Van Devanter met Justice Joseph R. Lamar, Bethany 1877/Washington and Lee 1878, when both were attending the 1877 Beta Convention. They took their seats on the U.S. Supreme Court on the same day, Dec. 16, 1910, marking a college friendship of 33 years and the first time two justices were sworn in on the same day.

In his eulogy of Justice Van Devanter, Chief Justice Stone said, “(He) exercised a powerful and wholesome influence on the deliberations of the Court for more than 26 years. . . . He had an abiding faith that reason would afford the solvent for every problem of judicial cognizance.”

N early O n e-h alf o f the Suprem e C ourt in 1911 The first Beta to be appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court, John Marshall Harlan, Centre 1850, was one of four members of Beta Theta Pi to serve as associate justices together on the Court in 1911. (See photo on page 123) The others were Horace Harmon Lurton, Cumberland 1867; Willis Van Devanter, DePauw 1881, and Joseph Rucker Lamar, Bethany 1877/Washington and Lee 1878.

Lurton was former chief justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court. Van Devanter had been in the Wyoming Legislature and chief justice of the Wyoming Supreme Court.

16

WILLIAM EDGAR BORAH (1865-1940), KANSAS 1889 U.S. Senator from Idaho, 1907-40; Republican One of the United States’ best-known figures of the first half of the 20th century, “Bill” Borah was acknowledged for his remarkable oratorical skills and isolationist views, earning him the nickname “The Lion of Idaho” and even “The Lion of the Senate.”

Born near Fairfield, III., Borah attended the University of Kansas, 1886-87, then joined his brother-in-law's law office in Lyons, Kansas. Heading west, with only $15.75 in his pocket, he stopped in Boise, Idaho, and rented an inexpensive office. Hearing that a telegraph operator had shot a Chinese cook, Borah successfully defended the man. After that, he often was a, counsel in criminal cases. His earliest sensational case as a prosecutor in 1896 was that of Diamondfield Jack, a gun-fighting cowboy on the payroll of a cattle company, accused of killing two sheep men over boundary lines of their pasturage. Borah won the conviction.

Victory after victory built his reputation, winning many supporters, who encouraged Borah to run for the U.S. Senate in 1902, then chosen by the legislators. He lost, ran again in 1906 and won. Borah was a prosecutor of Unionist Bill Haywood, co-conspirator in the assassination of former Governor Frank Steunenberg. The trial, The “Lion o f the in which he was opposed by Clarence Darrow, drew world attention S en a te” was and was the first to be called “Trial of the Century.” respected f o r the As a Republican, he opposed corporate monopoly, supported civil dictates o f his liberties during World War I when that was unpopular, sought aid to con scien ce farmers suffering from the decline in commodity prices in the 1920s a lw a ys and refused to support the reelection of fellow-Republican President p re e m p tin g Herbert Hoover in 1932 because Hoover opposed direct relief to the needy. Borah opposed U.S. involvement in European wars in the 1930s. partisan politics.

For more than a decade, Borah chaired the Senate Foreign Rela­ tions committee. In Washington, DC, Idaho was known for two things: the potato and Senator Borah. In an attempt to revitalize the progressive wing of the Republican Party, in 1936 the 71year-old Borah ran for President. His failed candidacy was opposed by the conservative Re­ publican leadership.

Reporter Bob Washburn wrote: “When (Borah) speaks, the Senate doors open inward only.

A dropped pin in the Chamber makes a noise like a bursting shell in No Man’s Land. Then 95 Senators sit in silence, because they like a good show, not because they prepare to follow.

Then there is a hush, and mouths rest on the gavel of the presiding officer.”

Borah kept fit with the help of temperate habits: no alcohol, no tobacco, no coffee, modest

How does a Kansas lawyer wind up in a frontier town in the wilds o f Idaho?

A young man from Kansas boarded a westbound Union Pacific train in search of a good town in which to make a living. Bill Borah, 25, planned to go to Seattle, but his money ran short. The first night, between naps in the day coach, he met a traveling salesman who showed him a map of Idaho and told him that Boise was a likely town for a young lawyer. The next night the man in the next seat was a professional gambler, with a friendly heart and a quick gauge of people, who also told him that Boise was a good town to begin in. So Borah dropped off in Boise, not knowing a soul among the 4,000-plus residents. And he stayed, reasoning that he had enough money to keep him in Boise for a month, whereas if he paid his railroad fare on to Seattle, he wouldn’t have any money left. In a matter of days — in Nampa, the town where the gambler lived — the telegraph operator killed a Chinese cook. The gambler referred the case to Borah, who successfully defended the man, collecting $50, his first fee and a convincing factor in his decision to stay in Idaho.

BETA STATESMEN

17

eating and exercise. His favorite fitness ritual: riding his thoroughbred “Jester.” He spent many hours at his roll-top desk in a corner of the Senate Foreign R elations com m ittee room, where he was but a few steps from the Senate chamber. Adroit in debate, he argued but never quibbled. Always courteous, the fair­ ness of his manner disarmed his adversary.

Borah died in Washington, DC. At the un­ veiling of Borah’s statue in the capitol rotunda in 1947, the Senate’s presiding officer and life­ long Borah friend, Arthur Vandenberg, said: “We who labored with him here in the thrilling in­ spiration of his living presence have never for­ gotten his genius, his integrity and his flaming patriotism; nor has his country which he loved and served so faithfully and well. He is one of those few statesmen — I can think of but two or three others in our history — who was greater than any president under whom he William E. Borah, Kansas 1889 served, and for whom the presidency could have added nothing to his stature or his laurels. He was an institution within himself. He has become part of our glorious American inheritance.”

Perhaps the high point of the senator’s career came on Nov 19, 1919, when, just before the League of Nations covenant was rejected by the Senate, he delivered one of the most magnifi­ cent addresses ever heard in that forum. Retelling this dramatic episode, Henry F. Pringle wrote in World’s Work, December 1928: “Gradually as he spoke, Borah seemed to be alone, unconscious of his fellow senators. Not a sound came from the packed galleries as his voice rose and fell. The League was ‘not a league for peace, but for war. In opposing it, I do nothing more than decline to renounce and tear out of my life the sacred traditions which through 50 years have been translated into my whole in­ tellectual being.’”

At the 1938 Beta convention, the “Lion” paid a beautiful tribute to his fraternity: “The inspi­ ration of this gathering to me has been the presence of these magnificent young men. I am satisfied that the country is awaiting their coming. I believe that I shall always feel that whatever success I have attained I owe in large measure to those indelible impressions cre­ ated in my college days through my associa­ tion with Beta fraternalism when the Betas at old Kansas gathered together for their weekly meetings.”

Idaho’s highest point, 12,662 feet, epicen­ ter of the tragic 1983 earthquake, bears his name. The annual Borah Symposium at the University of Idaho is funded by the William Edgar Borah Outlawry of War Foundation.

Political cartoon by Beta brother Ding Darling

18

JOSEPH WELLINGTON BYRNS (1869-1936) VANDERBILT 1891 U.S. Representative from Tennessee, 1909-36 Speaker of the House, 1935-36; Democrat Born near Cedar Hill, Tenn., Byrns graduated from the law department of Vanderbilt Univer­ sity in 1890. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Nashville in 1890, served in the State house of representatives, 1895-1901, and the State senate, 1901-03.

An unsuccessful candidate for district attorney of Davidson County in 1902, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1909-36. Among his leadership roles, he was chairman of the Committee on Appropriations, 1931-33; majority leader, 1933-35; Speaker of the House of Representatives, 1935-37; and was the nominee for reelection to the 75th Congress, 1937-39, at the time of his death in Washington, DC. As Byrns gained seniority in Congress, and his party’s political fortunes improved during the Great Depression, he exercised significant influence in the nation’s capital. Chosen chairman of the Democratic National Committee in 1928, two years later, once the Democrats gained ,

b earless ’ incorruptible, . . . unselfish, with a , . , , h isli sense of , . . justice B yrns is „ wise in victory . _ ., — P residen t „ tr a n k lin D. „ , R oosevelt

control of the House, he became chairman of the House Appropriations Committee, one of the most powerful positions in Washington.

In 1933, he advanced to the post of majority leader, a key political role as newly elected President Franklin Roosevelt announced his New Deal in March 1933. Although a conservative, Byrns embraced the New Deal out of party loyalty. He introduced the bill creating the Civilian Conservation Corps and maneuvered other major New Deal initia,,

, „

tives through Congress. „

In 1935, due to his seniority, debts owed from his leadership of the ^

^

Democratic National Congressional Committee and his loyalty to the

New Deal, Byrns was elected the 41st Speaker of the House of Representatives. He was effective, surprising some of his detractors. The Republican minority leader noted, however, that it was Byrns’s “intense loyalty to FDR and his adroit and skillful leadership that piloted administration measures through the shoals and over the rocks of legislative processes.”

Byrns's career as Speaker, unfortunately, was cut short by his sudden death from a heart attack on June 3, 1936.

“Fearless, incorruptible, unselfish, with a high sense of justice, wise in victory,” President Roosevelt observed about Byrns. Noting that Byrns had served in the House for 28 years, Roosevelt added, “Speaker Byrns belonged to that school of statesmen which is the hope and justification of our democracy.

“By a happy coincidence, he represented for more than a quarter of the century the Hermitage district of Tennessee, a district of sentimental significance because it holds the sacred dust of Andrew Jackson,” the President continued. “There was about Speaker Byrns a simplicity and rugged honesty which we have come to associate with the name of Jackson. Broad of vision, calm in adversity and modest in victory, he served his state and the nation with fidelity, honor and great usefulness.”

Byrns ran for Speaker against Minority Leader Bertrand H. Snell, Amherst 1894, Republican,

BETA STATESMEN believed to be the only occasion when two Betas opposed for Speaker. (See page 110) His desire to become a lawyer led him to Vanderbilt. “Then that urge that sometimes pushes boys up and away to bigger things prompted him to study the law," reported Orland K. Armstrong in the New York Herald Tribune.

“He saved all his money he could from his farm wages and from working in a store one summer and showed up at Vanderbilt law school. He was tall, lanky, awkward and shy.

Got his diploma with the class of 1890, an LL.B. in 1891.

“Byrns hung out his shingle in Nashville, where people called him the ‘Work Horse.’

Not a race horse, he moves with a quiet dig­ nity from task to task. Not a wornout plow horse.

For all his 65 years, he is strong, alert, vigor­ ous. He's a ‘pu//-horse’ that gets into the col­ lar and stays there until the wagon is over the hill,” reported Armstrong.

Right: Joseph W. Byrns, Vanderbilt 1891

Betas were on top a t the 1920 R epublican Convention, bu t none were nom inated.

On the first four ballots cast for the presidential nomination at the Republican National Convention of 1920, there were three Betas: Governor Frank O. Lowden, Iowa 1885; Senator Howard Sutherland, Westminster 1889, and Senator William E. Borah, Kansas 1889. Governor Lowden tied for first place on the sixth ballot, 311-1/2 votes being cast for him, and on the eighth ballot he still led the list with 307 votes.

Senator Sutherland received votes on each of the first five ballots. The manner in which the delegation from his state of West Virginia worked for him proved without a doubt that he really was a “favorite son.”

Senator Borah received votes on the first four ballots, his total being five. Few names were spoken more often during the convention than that of Idaho's Senator Borah, and the fact that he wrote the last and longest plank in the Republican platform, the one which pointed out that the party should oppose the League of Nations, calling for a plank for a “Concert of Nations,” an acknowledgement that his stand on this question was the right position.

One of the many stories whispered around the different headquarters in Chicago was that the man who had the greatest power over the convention was Senator Boies Penrose, Harvard 1881. It was often said, “Senator Penrose can pick the candidate.”

The eventual Republican Presidential nominee was Warren G. Harding.

— The Beta Theta Pi, October 1920, pages 189-190

19

20

OWEN D. YOUNG (1874-1962), ST. LAWRENCE 1894 “Father” of the Young Plan for the fiscal rehabilitation of Germany after World War I A farm boy, Young was born in Van Hornesville, N.Y. He was valedictorian of his academy class, and at age 16, his parents mortgaged the farm to send him to St. Lawrence. Hardpressed for enough money to buy schoolbooks as a youth, later in life he was to present to the N.Y. Public Library a collection of rare books and manuscripts valued at more than $1 million.

With a law degree, cum laude, from Boston University in 1896, which he earned in two years rather than the usual three, he supported himself by tutoring and library work. He practiced in Boston until 1912 with the law office of Charles H. Tyler and within a few years became a partner, where he came to the attention of Charles A. Coffin, first president of General Electric.

Young lectured on common pleadings at Boston Law School, 1896-1903, and, appointed by Governor Thomas E. Dewey, he was a member of the New York State Board of Regents, 193446, serving as president the last 10 years. In 1949, he headed a commission which recom­ mended forming the State University of New York. He held 27 honorary degrees from 24 U.S.

H e was p ra ised by the press and the statesm en o f France, Britain, Italy a n d G erm any f o r his fa irn ess, energy, ability a n d vision.

colleges and universities, was decorated by the governments of four other nations and was a trustee of St. Lawrence University, 1912-34.

Often urged to become a candidate for public office all the way up to the U.S. presidency, he declined; however, he rendered service to five presidents and served on many civic boards.

The General Electric board of directors elected him president in 1922, after having been a member of its legal department and general counsel. Later, in 1922, he succeeded Coffin as chairman of the board while Gerard Swope was appointed president of the company. They

remained in these roles until 1939 when both asked for retirement.

Under their direction, G.E. began the extensive manufacture of electric appliances for home use. The introduction of a host of electrical consumer goods required extensive enlargement of G.E.’s advertising, marketing, distribution and service organizations — not to mention its engi­ neering and manufacturing facilities.

The Great Depression of the 1930s did not spare G.E., but the diversification measures which Young and Swope had instituted improved the economic security and general welfare of G.E. workers and helped cushion the blows of the Depression.

The U.S.’s position in radio communication has been attributed to the manner in which Young organized and headed Radio Corporation of America. In 1919, at the request of Presi­ dent Woodrow Wilson, Young created the Radio Corporation of America to combat foreign control of America’s struggling radio industry, threatened by the possibility of U.S. patents falling into European hands, and to strengthen America’s position in international communica­ tions. He served as RCA’s board chairman until 1929 and remained for another four years as chairman of its executive committee.

He was internationally known as the “Father of the Young Plan for the fiscal rehabilitation of Germany” and as co-author with U.S. Vice President Charles G. Dawes, of the Dawes Plan for German reparations through a series of international conferences, 1919-30. He was a mem­ ber of the German Reparations Commission in 1924.

BETA STATESMEN

21 Clarence L. Newton, W esleyan 1902, (right), Beta president 1937-40, confers with three national leaders (from the left) W endell L. W illkie, Indiana 1916; Owen D. Young, St. Law ­ rence 1894, and William O. Douglas, Whitman 1920.

Out of this international conference came the Dawes Plan. In 1929, Young was called upon to head another committee of experts to unify further German payments. This group drafted the Young Plan for handling reparation payments on the basis of a new total sum. From 1924 through 1932, his name figured prominently as a possible Democratic nominee for president, but he refused to encourage his supporters.

As a result of his handling of the German reparations, he was praised by the press and statesmen of France, Britain, Italy and Germany for his fairness, energy, ability and vision. In 1942, Young returned as chairman of the board of G.E., remaining until 1945.

Long active in education during his years as a trustee of St. Lawrence University, 1912-34, he served as president of the board the last 10 years.

In his later years he took great pride in the plaque which identified him as the “Rocking Chair Consultant” in the large modern Van Hornesville School, which he gave the community to replace the one-room school he had attended.

A bbot-Young M em ­ o ria l Temple, the chapter hall beside the St. Lawrence Beta Zeta chapter house, was a g ift o f Owen Young and his wife Josephine,a college co nte m p o ra ry who died in 1935. The gift was in m em ory o f th e ir son John, St. Lawrence 1934, who died in his junior year, in association with Mrs. Anna Abbott, widow of Vasco P. Abbott.

22

JAY NORWOOD (DING) DARLING (1876-1962), BELOIT 1899 Famous political cartoonist and world-renowned conservationist Famous political cartoonist Ding Darling finds himself among these pages not just because he created more than 12,000 editorial cartoons and was a lifelong champion of preserving wildlife; further, he was noted for the power of his artistic commentaries as challenges to persons and institutions in the highest places and for inspiring patriotism during two World Wars.

Born in Norwood, Mich., Darling was a two-time Pulitzer Prize-win­ ning cartoonist, who died at age 86. He began his college studies at Yankton College, S.D., in 1894, transferring to Beloit College, Wis., the next year.

At Beloit, he was art editor of the college yearbook where he began signing his work as a contraction of his last name, D ’ing, a nickname he never lost.

In 1900, he was drawing caricatures and cartoons as a young re­ porter for the Sioux City Journal. In 1906, he married Genevieve Pendleton and was hired by the Des Moines Register and Leader as its editorial cartoonist. Except for two years with the New York Times

Ding Darling Beloit 1899

Globe and three years with the New York Herald Tribune, he was with the Des Moines Register his entire career. For 30 years, 1919-49, his editorial cartoons were carried by the Herald Tribune and syndicated to hundreds of papers.

One of Darling’s best-remembered cartoons portrayed Nazi leader Adolph Hitler caught in a bear trap by Soviet forces at Stalingrad in the winter of 1942-43, an early turning point of the war.

Presidents and premiers, industrialists and unionists were equal and regular targets of his pointed and persuasive attacks. He also was famous for his memorial drawing upon the death of President Theodore Roosevelt in “The Long Long Trail,” showing the beloved leader, ever the adventurer, waving a friendly farewell as he embarks on the ride up the long trail.

See opposite page.

Darling is best-known for his political car­ toons, but he was also a tireless advocate for preservation of the environment, a theme which he dealt with frequently in his cartoons.

In 1934, he drew the design for the first fed­ eral duck stamp. That same year, he was ap­ pointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt as chief of the Biological Survey, forerunner of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. He was a pri­ mary founder and later president of the Na­ tional Wildlife Federation.

Ding Darling’s famous “War’s Over’’ cartoon

BETA STATESMEN

23

The J.N. (Ding) Darling Foundation and The Ding Darling Wildlife Society are still very ac­ tive. The celebrated cartoonist’s personal and professional papers are at the University of Iowa Libraries. Darling was the initial inductee of the Wildlife Federation of Florida, where the J.N. (Ding) Darling National Wildlife Refuge spreads across some 5,000 acres of un­ touched Sanibel mangrove wetlands. With al­ most a million visitors annually, Sanibel is one of the top 10 birding spots in the U.S. — a fitting tribute to a tireless advocate for wilder­ ness protection.

The 4th edition of Ding: The Life o f Jay Nor­ wood Darling (Maecenas Press, 2001) was praised by one critic as a “rich, vivid biography of an enriching, vivid American. Ding Darling

“Cartoonists as they see themselves”

loved the American earth as few have loved it.”

Long regarded as America’s leading cartoonist, he was also a great propagandist for wild life conservation and became known as “the best friend a wild duck ever had.”

While chief of the U.S.D.A. Biological Survey, 1934-35, he chaffed under the vast amount of red tape, ultimately resigning this position, but not before he had made the country conscious of the wildlife conservation work in which he was so vitally interested. Born in 1876, he received Beloit’s Litt.D. and Drake’s LL.D. honorary degrees.

There are various types of service in war­ time, reported James B. Weaver, Des Moines Register: “In thinking over the last four years of public discussion, we are all alike thankful for certain voices that have especially helped America to visualize clearly the tremendous issues in the world drama, and one outstand­ ing name is Jay N. Darling.

“His unfailing grasp of the underlying thought of the Allies as it gathered in power and deter­ mination and his thoroughly distinctive and always delightful technical skill have won for him the very front rank among the world’s car­ toonists and made of his pencil one of the vibrant moral forces in the great spiritual con­ test now reaching its climax.”

Ding D arling’s final salute at the death o f President Teddy Roosevelt

24

CHARLES ERWIN WILSON (1890-1961), CARNEGIE 1909 U.S. Secretary of Defense, 1953-57 Born in Minerva, Ohio, Wilson graduated from Pittsburgh's Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie-Mellon) with a degree in electrical engineering. He joined Westinghouse Elec­ tric Company, eventually supervising the engineering of automobile electrical equipment. Dur­ ing World War I, he headed the development of dynamotors and radio generators for the Army and Navy. At Remy Electric, a subsidiary of General Motors, he was chief engineer and sales manager in 1919. He rose to president of G.M. by January 1941. During World War II, he directed G.M.’s huge defense production effort, earning him a U.S. Medal of Merit in 1956.

Near the end of the war, in 1944, as director of the War Production Board, he advised Army Ordinance that to prevent a recurrence of the Great Depression, the nation needed a “perma­ nent war economy.” This, he insisted, would engage a modern military-industrial complex.

While he was still head of G.M., President Dwight Eisenhower appointed him Secretary of Defense in January 1953, a position he held for four years.

After a challenging confirmation hearing, highlighted by his reluctance to sell personal stock valued at more than $2.5 million, W ilson‘s nomination passed the C redited with Senate 77-6, and he immediately set about reorganizing the Depart­ m obilizing ment of Defense. Within months, he had effected changes in the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the chain of command. He looked at the assistant G eneral M otors secretaries much like vice presidents of a corporation. He decentral­ to grea t effort in ized administration, giving the service secretaries (Army, Navy, Air Force) World War II, more responsibility.

Wilson then Next, with the strong blessing of Eisenhower, he introduced the m odern ized the “New Look” defense effort: (1) greater reliance on nuclear weapons, U.S. D efen se (2) strengthening strategic air power, (3) cutting conventional ground D epartm en t. forces, (4) expanding continental defense and (5) modernizing and enlarging reserve forces.

The policy generated persistent controversy, particularly among the services. Wilson worked hard to reduce the defense budget, which consistently remained below Truman’s budgets.

Under pressure from the Army, which argued against giving full reliance to large-scale strategic combat, he insisted that the country could not diminish its resources by engaging in limited wars. With the threat of global nuclear conflict posed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War, his reasoning was understandable at the time.

An honest, sometimes folksy, often outspoken man, Wilson was given to straight talk which occasionally brought him regrettable headlines. During his confirmation hearings for Secretary of Defense before the Senate Armed Services Com m ittee, specifically over his large stockholdings in General Motors, he was reluctant to sell his stock. Finally, he agreed to do so under committee pressure.

During the hearings, when asked if as Secretary of Defense, he could make a decision adverse to the interests of General Motors, Wilson answered affirmatively but added that he could not conceive of such a situation “because for years I thought what was good for the country was good for General Motors and vice versa.”

Later, this oft-quoted statement was usually garbled when quoted, suggesting that Wilson had said simply, “What’s good for General Motors is good for the country.” Although finally approved by the Senate, in a vote of 77-6, Wilson began his duties in the Pentagon with his standing somewhat diminished by the confirmation debate.

On another occasion, for example, he referred to enlistees in the National Guard during the Korean War as “draft dodgers.” This caused a storm of protest and even brought a rebuke from

BETA STATESMEN

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the President, who said he thought Wilson had made “a very . . . unwise statement without stopping to think what it meant."

Another time, Wilson jokingly referred to the White House as a “dung hill,” generating fur­ ther controversy. These episodes should not detract from recognition of W ilson’s deter­ mined efforts to run the Department of De­ fense efficiently and to maintain the nation’s security forces w ithin reasonable budget guidelines.

His concern over human experimentation led to the enactment of rules against the prac­ tice. The 1953 Wilson Memo led the military to adopt the Nuremberg Code: Patients must provide written, informed consent.

Wilson resigned from Eisenhower’s cabi­ net in late 1957. He returned to the board of directors of G.M. and also served as chair of a civil rights commission in Michigan. He also Charles Erwin Wilson, Carnegie 1909 devoted time to personal business and family affairs. He died in his sleep of a coronary thrombosis at age 71 on Sept. 26, 1961, at his plantation near Norwood, Louisiana.

To avoid confusion with Charles E. Wilson, who was CEO of General Electric at the same time and served President Truman as head of the Office of Defense Mobilization. Charles Erwin was nicknamed “Engine Charlie” while the former was called “Electric Charlie.”

Among the many quotes attributed to Wilson: “If workingmen are denied any increase in real wages, they can look forward only to a better standard of living through reduction of prices. Progress for them is terribly slow, and (under­ standably) they become impatient and dissatisfied.”

“No one should suffer from the great delusion that any form of communism or socialism which promotes the dictatorship of the few instead of the initiative of the millions can produce a happier or more prosperous society.”

“The thing that contributes to anyone’s reaching the goal he wants is simply wanting that goal badly enough.”

“Your future is still before you. Your land is a vast storehouse of mineral and agricultural wealth awaiting further development for the benefit of mankind. Its potentials are magnificent.”

“The way to achieve higher standards of living for all is through science and technology, taking advantage of better tools, methods and organization.”

“No plan can prevent a stupid person from doing the wrong thing in the wrong place at the wrong time, but a good plan should keep a concentration from forming.”

F ather an d son . . . blit n ot brothers!

The father of President Woodrow Wilson — 28th U.S. President, a former college professor who served during the difficult period of World War I -— was an early member of Beta Theta Pi: Joseph R. Wilson, Washington and Jefferson 1844, (no relation to Charles Erwin Wilson, Carnegie 1909.) The January 1907 issue of World’s Work, in an article about the younger Wilson, said, “His venerated father was as staunch and beautiful a character as ever adorned and made strong a Presbyterian pulpit.”

26

PAUL VORIES McNUTT, INDIANA 1913 Governor of Indiana, 1932-37; Democrat First U.S. Ambassador to the Philippines, 1946 A career public servant, McNutt served as governor of Indiana, high commissioner of the Philippines, administrator of the Federal Security Agency, chairman of the War Manpower Com­ mission and Ambassador to the Philippines.

A lifelong Democrat, McNutt was the only child of John C. and Ruth McNeely McNutt. His father became librarian of the Indiana Supreme Court, and later practiced law in Martinsville, Ind. In 1909, young McNutt entered Indiana University, Bloomington, and joined Beta Theta Pi. He was active in campus politics and theater and a close friend of Wendell Willkie, Indiana 1916, Republican candidate for President in 1940. In their youth, both men were Democrats.

McNutt matriculated to Cambridge, Mass., where he worked as an Associated Press reporter and sports writer, He earned his law degree at Harvard in 1916. This was followed by a position with Indiana University School of Law as an assistant professor, but he soon resigned to enlist in the Army when the U.S. entered World War I. His entire wartime service was at army posts in Texas and South Carolina where he rose to the rank of major in the field artillery (later promoted to full colonel in the reserves.) While in the army, he married Kathleen Timolat.

McNutt returned to teaching at Indiana University and became a full The first U.S. professor in 1920 and, in 1925, the youngest Dean in the school’s his­ Am bassador to tory. Before long, his appetite for political life surfaced, and he relied on The Philippines, his wartime service and university connections to launch his political he served in high career. As law school dean, he enthusiastically attacked pacifists and positions fo r opponents of compulsory military training on college campuses.

Presidents In 1927, he was elected commander of the Indiana Department of Roosevelt and the American Legion. The following year, he was elected national com­ mander of the American Legion, and in 1932, Indiana Democrats nomi­ Truman. nated him for governor. He won easily amidst a landslide Democratic surge on the coattails of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

McNutt led with strength albeit controversy. Under his administration, the state enacted a gross income tax, legalized beer and wine sales, expanded welfare and relief programs and balanced the state budget. He was criticized, however, as “an old style machine politician” by using the reorganization of state government to oust his opponents.

While McNutt’s administration trimmed the use of court injunctions to prevent labor picketing, he readily declared martial law in 11 coal-mining counties where major violence accompanied union efforts to organize the miners, calling out the Indiana National Guard three times to curb labor-fomented violence.

In 1937, FDR named him high commissioner of the Philippines. The post was essentially ceremonial; however, McNutt stirred controversy when he expressed doubt over giving early independence to the islands, arguing that the small country was unable to defend itself.

In 1939, McNutt was named head of FDR’s new Federal Security Agency (FSA), which man­ aged a number of New Deal programs, from the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) to Social Security. During World War II, the agency also was home to the War Research Service, a secret program to develop chemical and biological weapons.

The position with the FSA gave McNutt high public visibility, and a run for the presidency again seemed possible; however, his hopes were dashed when FDR decided to run for a third term.

BETA STATESMEN

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Left: Paul Vories McNutt, Indiana 1913 . . . Right: At the Democratic National Convention in 1940, McNutt attempts to withdraw his name as nominee for President.

McNutt’s name was floated by many as a possible vice-presidential running mate. Even so, Roosevelt preferred the more liberal Secretary of Agriculture, Henry A. Wallace. FDR’s oppo­ nent in 1940 was McNutt’s IU classmate, Wendell Willkie, now a Republican. Interestingly, had McNutt been the Democratic nominee, he and Willkie would have been the opposing candi­ dates, and a Beta as U.S. President would have resulted.

In 1942, Roosevelt appointed McNutt chairman of the War Manpower Commission, an agency charged with planning to balance the labor needs of agriculture, industry and the armed forces.

After Japan’s surrender in 1945, President Harry S Truman sent McNutt back to the Philippines for a second tour as high commissioner. Following the Asian country’s independence on July 4, 1946, he served as the U.S.’s first ambassador. He also chaired the Philippine-American Trade Council and was a director of several companies in Manila, McNutt’s prominence was demonstrated by his appearance on the covers of news maga­ zines in 1939, when he returned from the Philippines, and on a Time cover in 1942 when he took the chair of the War Manpower Commission.

I t ’s said that “Politics M ake Strange B edfellow s” As noted above, political opponents from the same Beta chapter, Indiana, were anticipated to be the U.S. presidential candidates in 1939. Wendell L. Willkie, Indiana 1916, was the Republican candidate, while Paul V. McNutt, Indiana 1916, was the presumed candidate of the Democrats; however F.D.R. opted to run for an unprecedented third term, now prohibited by Constitutional amendment.

Almost 70 years earlier, Benjamin Gratz Brown, Transylvania 1846, was the Democrat’s vice presidential candidate on the Horace Greeley presidential ticket in the 1872 election, losing to U.S. Grant’s reelection to a second term. Had Schuyler Colfax, DePauw 1843, who was Grant’s first-term vice president, 1869-73, continued on the ticket in 1872, the two vice presidential candidates would have been Betas.

28

KENNETH S. WHERRY (1892-1951), NEBRASKA 1914 U.S. Senator from Nebraska, 1943-51; Minority Leader, 1949-51; Republican Interested in politics at an early age, lawyer Ken Wherry was a member of city council by age 35, mayor at 37 and held a seat in the Nebraska State senate at 38. Not surprisingly, his success at campaigning was built on an ever-widening circle of friends and acquaintances that stretched across the prairie state.

Born in Liberty, Neb., Wherry majored in history and political science at the University of Nebraska where he was president of the senior class, competed in track and debate and was Alpha Tau chapter’s delegate to Beta’s 74th General Convention. He studied law at Harvard University, 1915-16, and served in the U.S. Navy Flying Corps in World War I, 1917-18. Settling in Pawnee, Neb., he sold automobiles, pianos and furniture and engaged in livestock farming, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Pawnee. He was a licensed undertaker before entering Republican politics in the 1920s.

Wherry served on the Pawnee City council, 1927-29, and was mayor, 1929-31 and 1938-43. ..

While you (Sen. W herry) an d / „ are ta r apart as / the D o le s o h "

.

I can a m ire an honest t

opponent.

P resid en t H a iry S Truman

Elected to the State senate, 1929-32, he was an unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1932 and for the nomination to be U.S. Senator in 1934. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1942, serving from 1943 ,...........

„ .

„

___ „

until his death in 1951. Fellow GOP Senators elected the newcomer to _

their second highest leadership role, Republican Senate whip, 194449, and elevated him to Senate minority leader, 1949-51. He was chairman of the Senate’s Special Committee on Problems of Small Business, 1947-49. He died in office in Washington, DC, and was succeeded by Fred A. Seaton, Kansas State 1931. ^ g s - jg jy ^ j s p a r ^ y h a c j made him Founders’ Day chairman, and in 1939 he became Republican state chairman. His caravan trips

during the primary and general election campaigns in 1940 caught the fancy of the voters as he expounded, “Nebraska is large, and we will take the candidates to the people.” This novel campaign style, coupled with a thorough organization team, won the state for his party and gained him national recognition.

Not to be discouraged by failed campaigns for the Nebraska governorship in 1932 or his first run for the U.S. Senate in 1934, Wherry campaigned with enthusiasm for fellow candidates throughout the spacious state, building friendships and expanding his acquaintance with a broad smile and magnetic personality. This widening of statewide respect and admiration positioned him perfectly to capture the Nebraska Senate seat in the 1942 campaign.

Wherry disliked high taxes, intrusive regulations and attempts to control prices, even during wartime. He also opposed federal programs that he regarded as social engineering and called on Congress “to stop the biggest giveaway show on earth.”

A staunch nationalist in foreign policy, he opposed the Marshall Plan, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and other Cold War initiatives of the Truman Administration.

Wherry’s scrappy style of debate and staunch defense of his party’s positions in the Senate led to his election as Republican whip and later minority leader. In 1951, in the wake of McCarthyism (Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy’s House Un-American Activities investiga­ tions), he said that (McCarthy) was on a “crusade to harry every last pervert from the federal

BETA STATESMEN

29 government services” (meaning male and fe­ male homosexuals.)

Outspoken and forceful, dynamic and fear­ less, he was a vocal advocate of the two-party form of reaching elective offices and was quick to defend individual rights and free enterprise.

He held to rigid opinions, was unyielding in his call for constitutional form of conduct in the federal government while he loudly con­ demned bureaucracy wherever practiced.

His complete thoroughness in organizing and managing a campaign attracted the na­ tional leaders of his party, and this doubtless was reason sufficient for his fellow GOP sena­ tors to elect him, in his first term, to the sec­ ond most important post they had to offer, that of “party whip." No other first termer has ever

Kenneth S. Wherry, Nebraska 1914

been elevated to top leadership.

In The Beta Theta Pi, January 1943, Frederick

H. Wagener, Washington in St. Louis 1925, said that Wherry’s overwhelming election in 1942 reflected that Nebraskans, by their votes, said, “We approve your outspoken and forceful lan­ guage, and we want your voice to be heard in the greatest legislative body in the world.”

For relaxation, Wherry was active with the Pawnee County Fair and Horse Show. He was president of the Pawnee County Agricultural Society and for 16 years was chairman of the Pawnee County Fair, credited with enlarging and improving the annual event to the point of rivaling Nebraska’s own State Fair.

Perhaps as great an insight upon the true character of Kenneth Wherry as anyone could possibly obtain may be gained through an opinion offered by President Harry S Truman, whose policies Wherry attacked at every turn. He wrote, “While you and I are as far apart as the poles on policy, I can admire an honest opponent.”

A lso in the Senate in 1943 Senator Kenneth S. Wherry, Nebraska 1914, took his place in “the most powerful legislative body in the world” with three other Betas in January 1943: Robert Marion LaFollette, Jr., Wisconsin 1917, Rep.-Wis.; Robert Rice Reynolds, North Carolina 1906, Dem.-N.C., and John Anthony Danaher, Yale 1920, Rep.-Conn.

LaFollette served in the Senate the longest of the three. Following the death of his father, he was elected to the Senate to fill his father’s unexpired term, Sept. 29,1925 to March 3,1929, and immediately took a place of leadership in Senate deliberations.

He was reelected in 1928, 1934 and 1940. (See page 85) Reynolds, was elected to the Senate in 1932 and was returned to office in 1938 by a large majority. He was noted as a lawyer, world traveler, author and statesman.

(See page 84) A young Beta from Phi Chi (Yale) chapter, Danaher was assistant U.S. Attorney General, 1922-34, and led his ticket when elected C onnecticut‘s Secretary of State in 1934. (See page 85)

30

WENDELL LEWIS WILLKIE (1892-1944), INDIANA 1916 Republican nominee for President of the United States, 1940 A most unlikely candidate for President was the former Rushville, Ind., lawyer Wendell Willkie.

The Republican nominee for the 1940 presidential election lost to Franklin D. Roosevelt and never held any elected political office; however, in losing, he garnered more votes than any previous Republican candidate for the office. If elected, he would have died in office.

Along with other famous Beta statesmen of the time — Senators Borah and LaFollette — Willkie gained the unwelcome reputation of a high-profile isolationist. In the late 1930s, he was quoted under a headline which blared, “Must Avoid War, Willkie Declares,” as saying, "No man has the right to use the great powers of the Presidency to lead the people, indirectly, into war.”

Born in Elwood, Ind., he studied at Indiana University and Oberlin College. At Indiana Univer­ sity, he was a debater and president of the Booster’s Club, graduating early, in 1913. He taught high school at Coffeyville, Kan., before completing law school at IU in 1916.

He returned to Elwood and practiced in his parents’ law firm, Willkie and Willkie. At age 25, he enlisted in the Army, completed officer training and went to France as an artillery officer where he saw limited action. After the war, he and his wife Edith moved to Akron, Ohio. He joined the legal department of Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. In a conversation with Harvey Firestone, the tire magnate said: “Young man, I like you, but you’ll never amount to much.”

“Why?” Willkie asked, to which Firestone replied, “Because you’re a Democrat. No Democrat can ever amount to a great deal.”

In 1921, he joined Mather and Nesbitt. Due to his success in litigation, in three years he became a partner and the name was changed to Mather, Nesbitt and Willkie.

Willkie was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1924 where he fought against the Ku Klux Klan and for U.S. entry into “A man o f the League of Nations. A big, shaggy man, often needing a haircut and courage (whose) wearing a rumpled suit, he was full of energy, possessed a physical outspoken magnetism and exuded great self-confidence. opinions on race In 1929, he became general counsel for Commonwealth & South­ relations were ern Corp. (C&S), the nation’s largest electric utility holding company am ong his great which controlled 10 companies supplying electricity to 6.1 million contributions to people in 10 states from Michigan to Florida. Rising through the ranks, he became president in 1933 and CEO in 1934. Critics referred to the thinking o f Willkie as the “Christ of the power industry." the world. ” — Among President Frankln Roosevelt’s first proposals was legisla­ Eleanor tion creating the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), which promised to Roosevelt bring flood control and low-cost electricity to the poor inhabitants of the Tennessee Valley, thus bringing a federal agency in direct competition with Willkie's employer. This mobilized him as a vocal critic of FDR's “New Deal” and the TVA. Willkie devoted most of his efforts during the 1930s to fighting the federal government’s interference in business, particularly the utilities. In April 1933, his forceful testimony, in a House Interstate and Foreign Commerce committee hearing against the TVA bill, compelled the House to limit TVA’s ability to build transmission lines that would compete with existing utility companies. FDR urged the Senate to remove those restrictions, however, and the result­ ing law gave the TVA broad powers.

Of his appearance before Congress, the New York Herald Tribune wrote: “The 42-year-old corporate president and former lawyer, whose tousled red hair and old-fashioned spectacles gave him the appearance of a youthful college professor, rather than a Wall Street magnate, neither gave nor asked any quarter. He did not sit at a table reading a prepared statement, but

BETA STATESMEN

31

strode up and down before the committee seated on a dias before him. At times his voice was angry. Again it was soft and trembling as he told of the years of work, vision and dreams by men who had brought holding companies into existence to make the power industry more efficient. . . ‘a fine American romance that has made this country great,' he called it.”

With virtually no fanfare, he assisted 49 boys and girls to attend college. He drank moder­ ately and smoked up to six packs of cigarettes daily. He enjoyed playing poker and gin rummy, never drove a car, never carried a watch.

By June, Willkie was stumping the country, writing his own speeches, paying his own ex­ penses, picking up votes. The New Republic described him as “too candid and too decent."

Willkie was nominated by fellow Beta, Con­ gressman Charles A. Halleck, Indiana 1924.

Wendell L. Willkie, Indiana 1916 What ensued was described as the “Miracle in P hiladelphia.” Nearly a m illion telegram s poured in, urging support for Willkie, many from “Willkie Clubs” that sprang up across the country.

Amid the chanting of “We want Willkie,” the politicians concluded that Willkie could be the big winner. On the sixth ballot, he won the Republican nomination. Senate Minority Leader Charles L. McNary of Oregon was chosen as vice presidential candidate.

Many expected FDR to retire after the usual two terms. Had he done so, it was expected that Paul V. McNutt, Indiana 1913, would be the GOP nominee — thus pitting Beta against Beta — but that historic confrontation was not to be when Roosevelt stood for a third term, unprec­ edented before or since. McNutt refused the nomination for vice president.

Willkie hit the campaign trail with energy and passion, earning a reputation as one of history's most effective campaigners. He campaigned seven weeks by train, dubbed “The Willkie Spe­ cial,” covering 18,789 miles, making 5,260 speeches. On election day, FDR received 27 million votes to Willkie's 22 million. FDR beat Willkie in electoral votes, 449 to 82. Willkie took small solace in having tallied the highest vote ever by a Republican Presidential candidate.

During World War II, he became Roosevelt’s most unlikely ally, calling for support for FDR’s controversial Lend-Lease Act and campaign­ ing against isolationism. In 1943, he wrote One World, a passionate argument for inter­ national peacekeeping after the war.

Willkie died in 1944 at age 52. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt eulogized Willkie as a “man o f courage, (whose) outspoken opinions on race relations were among his great contribu­ tions to the thinking o f the world.”

Willkie is buried in East Hill Cemetery, a mile from his first law office on the 2nd floor corner suite over the bank in Rushville, Ind. Political cartoon by fellow Beta Ding Darling

32

JOHN JAY McCLOY (1895-1989), AMHERST 1916 Assistant Secretary of War, 1941-45; Advisor to Presidents Roosevelt, Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford and Reagan Bom in Philadelphia, Pa., McCloy graduated magna cum laude from Amherst College, then enrolled in Harvard Law School in 1916, but his studies were interrupted by World War I. He entered the field artillery as a 2nd lieuten­ ant in 1917 and advanced to captain, in 1918, with the Am erican Expeditionary Force in France. He returned to complete his LL.B. at Harvard, 1921, and became a legal counselor with I.G. Farben, a German chemical combine.

He was named Assistant Secretary of War in 1941, serving until 1945 when he opposed the nuclear bombing of Japan.

He was president of the World Bank, 194749, military governor and high commissioner of the U .S. Zone of Germany, 1949-52, followed by chairmanship of Chase Manhattan Bank, 1953-60. He was Arms Control Advisor for President Eisenhower, chairman of the Ford John J. McCloy, Amherst 1916

Foundation, 1958-64, chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations, 1954-70, and an advi­

sor to all U.S. Presidents for 47 years, 1941-88. He was awarded the prestigious Sylvanus Thayer Award by the U.S. Military Academy for his service to the country. He died in Stamford, Conn.

McCloy was a 46-year-old successful New York City attorney with a distinguished law firm in 1940 when Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson became highly impressed with the way he handled a munitions explosion case. By 1941, President F.D. Roosevelt had appointed McCloy Assistant Secretary of War; and from that point on, U.S. Presidents and others in high places kept discovering McCloy’s many talents.

As Assistant Secretary of War, he helped guide the Lend-Lease Program through Congress.

President Kennedy named him chief armament advisor and negotiator in 1962 — a post which involved long conferences with the Soviets and considerable patience with the slow progress.

In late 1961, he was appointed chairman of the General Advisory Committee on Disarmament — an assignment he held for the next dozen years. In his 70s and even 80s, McCloy kept busy.

Over several decades he was board chairman of a dozen or more organizations, including the Salk Institute and E.R. Squibb & Sons. He also enjoyed hiking, tennis and fishing.

During World War II, his was a crucial voice in setting U.S. military priorities. The War Depart­ ment was petitioned throughout late 1944 to help save concentration camp prisoners by bomb­ ing railroad lines leading to the gas chambers. McCloy responded that only heavy bombers could reach the sites from England and that those bombers would be too vulnerable and were needed elsewhere. When replying to another appeal to bomb the gas chambers, McCloy explained that the decision not to bomb the concentration camp was President Roosevelt’s.

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33

FRANK M. DUNBAUGH, YALE 1917 President, Ambassadors of Friendship: a quarter-million children in 80 countries President of “Ambassadors of Friendship” and author of the book Youth Draw Us Toward the Peaceful World of Tomorrow, he explained circumstances which led to the creation of a world­ wide youth organzation and writing of the book: “During World War I, I served at the front in France in the 305th field artillery. When the armistice was signed, my regiment was in Pont a Mousson on the French-German bor­ der, poised for an attack on Metz which was still in German hands. During World War II, I was in military government on the Normandy beaches when Paris was liberated. My task changed at once to helping feed the Parisians.

When U.S. forces swept into Germany, I was ordered to take my team to Hersbruck, Bavaria.

“Again, on the French-German border we halted at a town near the river Meuse at a point when the bridge across the river had been demolished. One wing of the town hospital had been blasted into rubble. Sand bags propped up the arcades of buildings surrounding the central square. I stared, fascinated.

Frank M. Dunbaugh, Yale 1917

“This was Pont a Monsson. It looked just as it did in 1918. I was gazing at wreckage caused by a second war, fought a quarter-of-a-century later. My life had been wasted. The world was right back where it had been when I was 23 years old. As I hurried my men on toward Bavaria, I determined that ‘I will do what I can to help prevent this from happening again.’

“Back in the U.S., I became an active supporter of the UN. I discovered that our generation remains fearful and suspicious of governments of other nations and people of other nationali­ ties. It became clear that the surest way to assure peace between nations would be to bring young people of different nations together through friendly contacts. Young people’s visits with foreign families and student exchanges head the list of ways to create friendships with other peoples. Pen friendships do not have as deep an effect as personal visits, but they reach out to more young people. Hence, I founded the ‘Ambassadors of Friendship.’”

During 1953-72, Ambassadors of Friendship brought together as pen friends a quarter-of-amillion teenagers in 80 countries. During this period, he recalled, “My wife and I have given several hours a day to the work of Ambassadors of Friendship without pay. During that time I have paid most of the expenses — stamps, stationery, typing, clerical help. In addition I built up a fund so that the organization could continue after my death.”

Col. Dunbaugh was a U.S. delegate to a world conference of associations for the U.N. in Geneva, Switzerland in 1954 and another in Warsaw, Poland in 1960. He has also been a U.S. delegate to Latin American business conferences in Colombia and Peru. He is the author of Going to Florida, Marketing in Latin America, Portugal and Bargain Adventure.

34

YU-CHUEN JAMES YEN (1894-1990), YALE 1918 Respected worldwide as a leading humanitarian and educator A group of distinguished scholars and scientists naming “the ten greatest revolutionaries of our time” to receive Copernican Citations in 1943 and marking the 400th anniversary of the death of Copernicus, listed Jimmy Yen along with Albert Einstein, Henry Ford, Orville Wright, Harvey Firestone and Thomas Edison.

Dr. Yen dedicated his life to the educaton of the ping-min (the com­ mon people.) He was truly a citizen of the world, having become known for setting in motion forces which made possible the education of more than 60 million Chinese, bringing functional literacy to the com­ mon man for the first time.

Young Jimmy Yen was asked by the National War Work Council of the YMCAto go to France upon graduation from Yale to assist with the thousands of coolies in the Chinese Labor Corps. Recruited by the Allies in World War I, he began his literacy aid which turned out to be a “crusade" affecting millions.

Subsequently, Jimmy Yen founded the Chinese Mass Education Movement in 1923. He worked with the government to bring about primary health care to the villages and started an unprecedented program of “village scholars.” This program brought the most modern tech­ niques of agriculture and animal husbandry to the hinterlands by edu­ cating a chosen few and then having them educate the masses.

To carry his work to the world, he founded the International Institute of Rural Reconstruction (IIRR) in 1960. His unique practical training as­ sisted people in Asia, Africa, Latin America and The Philippines.

Dr. Yen received the Ramon Magsaysay Award for International Un­ derstanding in 1960, noting his concern for the whole man and mold­ ing his social institutions, rather than simply refashioning the physical environment. In 1987, President Reagan awarded him the Eisenhower Medallion of People to People International, recognizing his efforts toward world peace.

Dr. Yen d ev elo p ed an d d issem in a ted a su stain ed, in te g ra te d program to overcom e the root causes o f hunger a n d poverty in the Third World.

Jimmy Yen was imaginative and aggressive in tapping some of his Beta contacts for help in his crusade. Among these were Stanley S. Kresge, Michigan 1924; Charles P. Taft, Yale 1918, and Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, Whitman 1920. He told a Beta convention audience how such men helped him draft IIRR by-laws, raised funds for IIRR and served on its board at his request.

Dr. Yen was accorded the honor of being transformed into a major character in The Call, the critically acclaimed novel by John Hersey, one of America’s greatest writers. Although the name and some historical details were altered to meet the demands of Hersey's fictional art, Jimmy Yen’s Beta brothers identified the “remarkable, fiery” Yale graduate, educator and social re­ former named “Johnny Wu.” Like the fictional Wu, Jimmy Yen did volunteer work with the Chinese labor corps in France during World War I, and there began an unprecedented program to teach the illiterate coolies to read and write. Like Wu, he went on to lead a massive literacy effort in China, and then

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35

launched a revolutionary rural reconstruction movement to help millions of downtrodden peasants achieve better education, livelihood, health and self-government.

Although The Call does not relate his later activities, readers of articles in The Beta Theta PI, issues of winter 1979 and spring 1984, learned that, after leaving China, Jimmy Yen founded the International Institute of Rural Re­ construction to disseminate his people-cen­ tered approach to development — “not relief, but release,” as he put it — throughout the third world.

At age 91, when honored with the Beta Theta Pi Oxford Cup, Dr. Yen was still active as the IIRR’s chairman, and in February and March 1985, he delivered six lectures on the history and philosophy of rural reconstruction to de-

Dr Y C ' James Yen>Yale 1918’ st age 91

velopment professionals from nine third world countries at the Institute’s world headquarters in the Philippines. Author Hersey also mentions Beta Theta Pi as one of the leading college fraternities at the turn of the 20th century in The Call.

“We work with the people,” Dr. Yen said, “not out of pity but out of respect for their potential for growth and development, both as individuals and communities.” . . . "Relief has its place. But what the people need is not relief, but release — release of their own potential for develop­ ment.” . . . “Technical know-how of the experts must be transformed into practical do-how of the people.” . . . “Commitment cannot be taught; it can only be caught. I refer to the crusading spirit.

Without the crusading spirit, you may have the starting power but not the staying power.”

Jimmy Yen was born Yen Yang-ch’u in the province of Sichuan, then a remote region, to an aristocratic family whose members were traditionally scholars and officals. He was taught English as a child and became a Christian at age 12. In later life, he declared he was “not a Christian, but a follower of Christ.”

Unable to enter Hong Kong University because he was not a British subject, he was sent to Yale, where he supplemented a scholarship with earnings as a choir singer and added the name James to his Chinese initials.

He earned a master’s degree at Princeton University, then went back to his homeland to begin teaching in Changsha and Hopeh provinces. In 1928, he sought financial support for his movement. John D. Rockefeller, Jr. made a personal gift of $100,000 that became the catalyst for others to contribute.

Dr. Yen’s organization eventually expanded to Africa and Latin America through autonomous affiliates that have trained specialists in nearly 40 countries to teach impoverished people modern techniques in agriculture, public health and family planning, as well as literacy.

Jimmy Yen remained active in his many endeavors until his death in New York of pneumonia at age 96. His wife, Alice Huie, who died in 1980, was the daughter of a Chinese missionary in New York’s Chinatown.

36

WILLIAM ORVILLE DOUGLAS (1898-1980), WHITMAN 1920 Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, 1939-75 Securities and Exchange Commission, 1937-39; chairman, 1938-39 The Hon. William O. Douglas’ biography could as well be titled “Great Author” or “Famous Naturalist and Outdoorsman”; however, his career is more often defined as "longest-serving Supreme Court Justice.” Indeed, Douglas was brilliant, eccentric and independent while accu­ mulating the record for the longest continuous service on the nation’s powerful Court: 37 years and 7 months, still a record in 2009. His resignation from the court in 1975 left the Supreme Court without a Beta for the first time in 98 years.

Born in Maine, Minn, of William and Julie (Bickford) Douglas, the jurist-to-be married Mildred Riddle in 1923, and they had two children: daughter Mildred and son William, Jr. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

A Presbyterian, he belonged to the AF&A Masons, United World Federalists and was a Sierra Club board member, 1960-62. He appeared on the cover of

T im e

magazine, Oct. 11, 1937,

during his brief term as chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Douglas grew up in Yakima, Wash., and was stricken with polio when he was a child. To strengthen his weakened legs, he hiked in the mountains of the Pacific Northwest, an activity

A uth or and environm entalist, he still holds the record as the longest serving ju stice on the U.S. Suprem e Court.

that developed his love of the environment. He attended Whitman Col­ lege, Walla Walla, Wash., graduating in 1920 with a B.A. in English and economics, and spent 1920 and 1921 teaching high school in Yakima before going to Columbia Law School, New York City, graduating in 1925 and serving two years with a Wall Street law firm. As an under­ graduate, he was editor of the Columbia Law Review.

Gamma Zeta chapter of Beta Theta Pi was chartered from the local fraternity, Delta Phi Delta, in 1916, the year young Douglas pledged the

Fraternity. His father died when he was only six years old, so attending the small college was the choice of his mother, who refused (or was unable) to pay for him to attend the University of Washington. As valedictorian of his high school class, he received a scholarship to Whitman.

After graduation from Columbia Law School, he took a job with Cravath, Swaine & Moore, a leading Wall Street law firm. Soon, however, he returned to Columbia to teach law, then quickly joined the faculty of Yale Law School, where he became expert in commercial litigation and bankruptcy.

Of his early interest in the law, he once said, “I worked among the very, very poor, the migrant laborers, the Chicanos and the IWWs (‘International Workers of the World,’ sometimes re­ ferred to as the Wobblies’) whom I saw being shot at by the police. I saw cruelty and hardness, and my impulse was to be a force in other developments in the law.”

Douglas was appointed to the Security & Exchange Commission and became its chairman prior to his appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939, becoming the youngest justice to be appointed to the court since 1811. It was commonly known that FDR came close to choosing Douglas as his running mate in the 1944 election, which would have resulted in his becoming President upon Roosevelt’s death in 1945. Instead, Roosevelt chose Senator Harry S Truman of Missouri.

Douglas supported unpopular political causes and maintained an unconventional lifestyle.

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37

His opinions were characterized by a fierce commitment to individual rights coupled with a strong distrust of government power. Critics claimed his work showed signs of haste. (He wrote with great rapidity.) Defenders admired the forceful and blunt manner in which he reached the core issue in each case.

Douglas became known as The Great Dis­ senter and The Lone Ranger, referring to the record number of dissenting opinions over the course of his long and distinguished career.

During his tenure on the court, Douglas achieved a number of records, in addition to his record tenure of service. He wrote more opinions and dissenting opinions, gave more speeches and authored more books than any other justice. He had the most wives (four) and withstood three failed, mostly frivolous,

William ° ' Dou9las’ Whitman 1920

attempts to impeach him.

Seven of his 15 books recount his love of travel and the outdoors, while the others are memoirs, a collection of lectures and observations of the work of the Supreme Court.

Retired, Justice Douglas was the ’’center of attention” again in May (1977) when a ceremony was held in Washington to dedicate the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal to him. The peppery justice, who had continually made news headlines since the days of Franklin D. Roosevelt, had long been the Canal’s strongest proponent.

Unveiled at the ceremony, attended by most of the justices, senators and other celebrities, was a bronze bust of Brother Douglas sculpted

by Wendy Ross.

The dynamic justice, at the age of 78 and confined to a wheelchair by a stroke, was uni­ versally described by reporters from various newspapers as alert, tireless and somewhat mellowed from the many years he was de­ scribed as crusty and cantankerous. Speak­ ing to his former cronies on the Supreme Court bench, he proposed he lead them on a nature hike along the C&O Railroad tracks as soon as he gets better.

“No, thanks, Bill,” they responded in unison.

Political cartoonist Herblock paid tribute to Justice Douglas upon his death in 1980.

38

CHARLES ABRAHAM HALLECK (1900-86), INDIANA 1922 U.S. Representative from Indiana, 1935-69; Republican Bom in Demotte, Ind., Halleck served in the Army infantry during World War I. A graduate of Indiana University, with an A.B. in 1922 and the I.U. law department in 1924, he was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Rensselaer, Ind. in 1924. He was prosecuting attorney, 30th judicial circuit, 1924-34, and served in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1935-69, where he was majority leader, 1947-49 and 1953-55, and minority leader, 1959-65. He did not run for reelection in 1968 and resided in Rensselaer until his death in Lafayette, Ind. Halleck’s promising political career spanned 34 years in Congress. A Rensselaer attorney, he was first elected to Congress in a special election, Jan. 29, 1935, to fill the 2nd district seat left vacant when Rep. Frederick Landis died. He served 16 terms, including two terms as majority leader. He was then minority leader until he was defeated in 1965 by future President Gerald Ford, leader of a younger faction. He was a strong opponent of the liberal social propos­ als of Democrats John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson, supported the Vietnam War and was one of the strongest advocates of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, having lined up the neces­ sary Republican votes in Congress to pass the historic legislation.

Halleck said that one of the highlights of his lengthy political career came at the Republican National Convention in 1940 when he nominated fellow Hoosier Wendell L. Willkie, Indiana 1916, for President. Years later he said, “I got more brickbats and more bouquets over that speech than any other I’ve ever made.”

He had been considered a vice presidential candidate for the 1948 ticket with New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey. Instead, California Governor Earl War-

A s Republican leader o f the House, he lined up the necessary votes to p a ss the historic 1964 Civil Rights Act.

ren, who eventually became chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, was chosen. Halleck was a friend and confidant of former President Dwight D. Eisenhower and later of President Lyndon B. Johnson.

The Ev and Charlie Show, as the media jocularly referred to the TV press conferences, in which he starred with the late Senate Minority Leader Everett M. Dirksen, became a popular event on television in the late 1950s and early 1960s. He also made numerous appear­ ances on television news and talk programs.

In an article about Halleck in Indiana Magazine o f History, Robert L. Fuller recalled, “Halleck joked after his election in 1935 that, as the sole Republican representative from Indiana, he held his caucus in a phone booth. Over time, however, Halleck rose through party ranks in the House from “waterboy” to majority leader when Republicans regained control of Congress in 1946. Because the GOP also won a majority of seats in the Senate, and many Southern Democrats proved cooperative in advancing Republican policies, Republicans stood a very good chance of implementing their “Program for America.”

Congressman Halleck, who had railed against FDR’s New Deal since he first took a seat in the House, stood in a position to do something about it in 1947. Yet, once in office, the Repub­ licans and Southern Democrats, supposedly so dead set against the New Deal, made very few proposals and offered hardly any legislation to alter New Deal reforms in any significant way.

Aside from changing labor laws, they made no effort to overturn the legislative achievements of the 1930s that lasted longer than the Depression. Majority Leader Halleck, his Republican

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39

colleagues and their allies among the Demo­ crats only tinkered with a few of the reforms that remained in place after the Supreme Court ruled them constitutionally sound, because by and large Halleck and other Republicans sup­ ported most New Deal reforms. When they lambasted “the New Deal,” which they did loudly and often, they really targeted the fre­ quently chaotic administration set into place

by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to oversee the reforms and relief.

Roosevelt's “first New Deal,” a series of laws intended to save America’s banks and restore confidence in its financial institutions, sped through the Senate and the House in the early days of 1933. The laws proved gen­ erally popular and of varying effectiveness.

Emergency acts intended to provide short­

Charles Abraham Halleck, Indiana 1922

term employment for the jobless ultimately provided millions of jobs for the unemployed and boosted morale within the nation, but failed to “prime the pump” and restore prosperity as intended.

Those laws that regulated the banking system and supervised the stock exchanges (passed in 1934) were welcomed by the public but were met with mixed reactions among business interests. Republican reaction to the proposed bills paralleled public response: they voted overwhelmingly for relief and banking reforms, but had varying responses to the laws to super­ vise the securities markets. Laws that intervened in the market system — including the Na­ tional Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), which sought to curb business competition in favor of cooperation to keep up prices and wages; the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), which hoped to curb farm output and raise prices, and the law authorizing the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), which proposed to bestow a wide range of benefits upon the people of the Tennessee River Valley — met neither uniform hostility nor solid support. Regional reactions to such legislation proved stronger than partisan response.

In 1959, the Beta Theta Pi Club of New York honored Halleck with the “Beta of the Year” award at the Club’s annual dinner. He received an engraved silver Loving Cup, emblematic of his “conspicuous public service” from Fraternity President Sherwood M. Bonney, Dickinson 1931.

Books about Halleck include The Ford-Haileck Minority Leadership Contest, by Robert L. Peabody, 1966, and Charlie Halleck: A Political Biography, by Henry Z. Scheele, Hicksville, N.Y., Exposition, 1966. Additionally, several prominent articles were “President Dwight D. Eisenhower and the U.S. House Leader Charles A. Halleck: An Examination of an Executive-Legislative Relationship,” Presidential Studies Quarterly 23, and “Charles A. Halleck and the New Frontier: Political Opposition through the Madisonian Model,” by Steven Douglas Womack, Ph.D. disser­ tation, Ball State University, 1980.

One political writer stated, “With his departure, Congress is losing one of its most colorful and toughest members and one of its most battle-scarred veterans.”

40

JOHN SHERMAN COOPER, JR. (1901-91) CENTRE 1922/YALE 1923 U.S. Senator from Kentucky, 1946-49, 1952-55, 1956-73; Republican Born in Somerset, Ky., Cooper attended Centre College, Danville, Ky., and graduated from Yale University in 1923, and Harvard Law School in 1925. In 1928, he was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Somerset. He served in the Kentucky house of representatives, 1928-30, was judge of Pulaski County, Ky., 1930-33, served on the board of trustees of the University of Kentucky, 1935-46. In World War II, he enlisted as a private in the U.S. Army in 1942 and served in General Patton’s 3rd Army in Europe. He advanced to captain, was awarded a Bronze Star for meritorious service and after V-E Day was a military government officer in Bavaria, Germany. He served as circuit judge for Kentucky’s 28th district, 1945-46.

Cooper was elected Nov. 5, 1946, to the U.S. Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of A.B. (Happy) Chandler, serving until Jan. 3, 1949. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1948 and resumed his law practice.

Cooper was a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly in 1949, alternate delegate, 1950-51, represented the U.N. in the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1950 and was appointed a U.S. Senator in 1952, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Virgil M . Chapmann, serving until 1955.

Unsuccessful for reelection in 1954, he was appointed Ambassador to India and Nepal, 1955-56; was a delegate to the U.N., 1968, and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1956 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Alben Barkley, senator and former vice president. He was

“Only man known to have traveled the spectrum o f social an d politia l life an d left only dignity, honor an d resp ect w herever he w a lk ed ”

Ambassador to the German Democratic Republic, 1974-76, when he resumed his law practice in Washington, DC. He was a resident of Somerset, Ky., and Washington, DC, until his death.

Senator Cooper spent only his freshman year at Centre. He earned a varsity football letter among teammates who would gain notoriety in the 1921 season with a 6-0 victory over Harvard. At Yale, he switched to basketball and twice captained the varsity squad. He was voted “most popular” and “most likely to succeed.” By 1950, Newsweek called him “the ablest Republican in the Senate,” and

T im e ,

in a cover

story, praised his national and international leadership.

In 1960, he went to Russia on a secret assignment to talk with Kremlin leaders; his conclu­ sions became factors in President John F. Kennedy’s foreign policy. In 1965, he was named advisor to the U.S. delegation to the Treaty Signing Conference in Manila establishing the Asian Development Bank.

In 1969, the Cooper-Church bill, sponsored with Sen. Frank Church of Idaho, was said to have brought the Vietnam War into clearer focus and aided the U.S. military withdrawal from Vietnam.

In recognition of his work as a senator on behalf of rural electrification in Kentucky, the East Kentucky RECC was named the John Sherman Cooper Power Plant.

The Beta Theta Pi described Cooper as “the dynamic, personable Kentuckian (who) was one of the best-known men in government and made the type of impact that will keep people talking of him for decades to come.”

BETA STATESMEN

41

Of Beta Theta Pi, Cooper said, upon accept­ ing the Oxford Cup in 1985, “A boy with excite­ ment and some fear going to college, moves away from families, parents and friends known since he was young. But there we find the Beta, new friends never seen before, most o f them new teachers, and they helped us, over this bridge . . . I am particularly impressed by the younger members o f today. Achieving some­ thing that is most rare: Beta friendship. So Be­ tas, love, honor, carry out the highest principles. ” In 1972, a Republican Senate colleague said, “John Sherman Cooper is the only man I have known who has traveled the spectrum of social and political life and left only dignity, honor and respect wherever he walked.”

Eldest of seven children, he twice captained the Yale basketball team. After attending Harvard Law School, he began the practice of

John Sherman Cooper, Jr., Centre 19221 Yale 1923

law, including a term in the state legislature and eight years as a county judge and an unsucessful bid for the Republican nomination for governor.

Enlisting as a private in 1942, he advanced to captain by 1945, but his most distinguished work came after V-E Day. As a military government officer, he reestablished Bavaria’s court system.

Between terms in the Senate, he represented the U.S. as a delegate to the UN General Assembly. Later he was Ambassador-at-Large to the NATO Conference on mutual defense.

When he was Ambassador to India and Nepal, India’s Prime Minister Nehru said, “Never has the United States sent so respected and persuasive an emissary.”

While not a popular stand at the time, Cooper early expressed opposition to the U.S. bomb­ ing of Vietnam. After retiring from the Senate and declining to run again, he joined a Washing­ ton, DC law firm; in 1974, however, President Ford nominated him as the first U.S. Ambassador to East Germany, a delicate post requiring the utmost diplomatic skill, acknowledging his earlier European experiences.

L E T 'S A L L E V O K E TH E FACIAL R IPPLE On Oct. 12,1942, William W. Dawson, Ohio Wesleyan 1914, Beta Theta Pi president, addressed the pledges and attended the chapter meeting at Western Reserve University.

In describing this visit paid the chapter, Robert Carman, Western Reserve 1944, said: “President Dawson informed us as to the origin of the cheer, ‘What’s the matter with John Jones? H e’s all right! Who’s all right? John Jones! He’s a la-la! He’s a lu-lu!

And he gets there every time! Let’s all evoke the facial ripple! H-A! H-A! Ha! Ha!’ President Dawson has discovered that it was developed at a baseball game at Wooglin-on-Chatauqua, by one of the participants as a cheer to aid the batter.” — The Beta Theta Pi, Vol. 70, page 315 (Jan 1943)

42

GEORGE W. HUNTER, KNOX 1923 A relief worker in Kurume City, Japan, he overcame the scourge of schistosomiasis.

Seeing for the first time a bronze bust of himself erected by a grateful people was the experience of Dr. Hunter. In 1948, as an Army colonel and chief of the Department of Medical Zoology, he directed a relief group at Kurume City, Japan. The enemy they were fighting was the parasitic disease Schistosomiasis. At the time Dr. Hunter and his staff determined that 78% of the population within a 90-square-mile area were “schisto” victims.

What was needed was the eradication of the schisto worm which bores through the skin to attack the intestine, bladder, lungs and liver.

Because the worm is water borne, rivers and irrigation ditches provided prime areas where the disease could be contracted. Chemical treatment of such areas under Hunter’s direc­ tion showed dramatic results immediately and the number of cases dropped drastically.

The results were so apparent that the people continued the spraying, and the disease re­ mains under control.

Dr. Hunter, called the “Father of Schisto Eradication” in Kurume, was so named by the Japanese newspaper Mainichi Shinbun when he and his wife Fern visited Japan. For the first time, in Kurume, he saw the bronze bust of Col. George Hunter, Knox 1923, when he a blood administrator during the Korean

himself which the grateful inhabitants erected there following his return to the U.S. in 1951.

“It was teamwork,” Dr. Hunter insisted. “All deserve credit rather than putting just one per­ son up on a pedestal.”

During the Korean War, as Deputy Blood Administrator for the Far East Command, he was acclaimed for the efficiency of the Blood Bank which served U.S. troops during that war.

The Hunters retired to Florida where he was p ro fe sso r e m e ritu s in the U n iv e rs ity of Florida’s College of Medicine’s Department of Microbiology. In 1970, they moved to Rancho Bernardo, San Diego, Calif., where he taught

The bronze bust o f Dr. Hunter (right), chief of the Parasitology Department, 406th Medical General Laboratory, was erected in 1952 by the people o f Nagatoishi-cho, Kurume City, Japan, “to praise and remember forever his great work carried out under the virtue o f his humanity beyond the boundary.”

and lectured at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Travelers’ Clinic.

A world authority on tropical medicine, he authored H un te r’s Tropical Medicine, pub­ lished in six editions and translated into many languages.

BETA STATESMEN

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FRANK SMITHWICK HOGAN (1902-74), COLUMBIA 1924 District Attorney, Borough of Manhattan, N.Y., 1941-73; Democrat N ew York’s Prosecuting A ttorney f o r 32 years Described by the New York Times as “the shy, courteous lawyer who became a legend during 32 years as Manhattan’s District Attorney,” Frank Hogan was dubbed “Mr. Integrity” because of his perceived honesty and incor­ ruptibility. He was reelected nine times and resigned the office in 1973, little more than three months before his death at age 72.

His official biography lists: Born in Waterbury, Conn.; lawyer, member of American Bar Association; New York County district attorney, 1941-73; candidate for U.S. Senator, 1958; Irish ancestry; died in Manhattan, N.Y. Prior to his 1941 election, Hogan was chief of staff to his predecessor, Thomas E. Dewey, who resigned to run for Governor of New York and later was the 1948 Republican nominee for U.S. President. During his time as N.Y. dis­ trict attorney, he conducted many high scale widely publicized investigations. His early ca­ reer was devoted primarily to gang busting; later, he took on police corruption through the

Frank S. Hogan, Columbia 1924

Knapp Commission.

While handling some of the most famous cases of the century, his office was considered a „

H e was d escrib ed as the country s grcu test m ost ’

’ ^

p rosecu tor.

national model for prosecutors and he as a model of professional, nonpartisan integrity. Corruption and racketeering were high on his list. Concerning itself with both innocence and guilt, street crime and high profile cases, the Hogan administration molded itself a national reputation based on resourcefulness, objectivity and honesty.

Through the Knapp Commission, he took on police corruption. In the late 1950s, his office investigated the rigging of television quiz programs and the regulation of “fixed” college basketball games. He

prosecuted the well-known Lenny Bruce obscenity case. He helped exonerate George Whitmore, Jr., in 1963, after his bogus confession to the murder of two women. Hogan was the Democratic contender in the 1958 U.S. Senate election. He was defeated by Republican Kenneth B. Keating.

Following his death, New York Governor Wilson said, “(His) death marks the passing of the country’s greatest, most famous and most respected prosecutor. The keynote of his more than 32 years as District Attorney was unquestioned integrity coupled with great ability and energy in the relentless fight against crime. The people of New York, the state and the nation are in his debt for holding up to us the national model of an efficient and incorruptible prosecutor’s office.”

Today, the street address of the N.Y. County District Attorney is “One Hogan Place,” and Hogan Hall, a dormitory at Hogan’s alma mater, is also named for him.

44

FREDERICK ANDREW SEATON (1909-74) KANSAS STATE 1931 U.S. Senator from Nebraska, 1951-52; Assistant Secretary of Defense, 1953-54; Deputy Assistant to President Eisenhower, 1955-56; Secretary of the Interior, 1956-61; Republican Bom in Washington, DC, he became president of Seaton Publishing Co., Hastings, Neb., and of Hastings Daily Tribune. He owned and/or managed several other newspapers and radio and TV stations, served in the State senate, 1945-49, was chairman of the legislative counsel, 1947-49, secretary to Republican presidential candidate Alfred M. Landon, 1936, trustee of Hastings College and the University of Nebraska Foundation.

In December 1951, he was appointed to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of fellow Beta Kenneth S. Wherry, Nebraska 1914, and served 1951-52. He was not a candidate for reelection. He was Assistant Secretary of Defense, 1953-54; administrative as­ sistant, then deputy assistant, to President Eisenhower, 1955-56; Secretary of the Interior, 1956-61, then resumed his position in the publishing business. He died in Minneapolis, Minn.

In college, while setting type for his father’s (Fay N. Seaton, Minnesota 1908) newspaper (Manhattan Mercury & Chronicle) shop at night and earning a B average, he was president of Kansas State chapter, active on the college newspaper, an actor in campus theater, a leading member of the debate team and twice winner in the Pi Kappa Delta national extemporaneous

A heralded conservationist, he is credited with bringing Alaska and Hawaii into statehood.

speech contest.

As president of the Kansas Young Republicans, he made a speech credited with having helped swing the Republican Convention to Alf Landon as the party’s candidate for President in 1936. While the Seaton newspaper-radio chain was getting its start, Seaton moved to take over as publisher of the Hastings Tribune. He subsequently served two terms in the Nebraska legislature.

He was appointed by Nebraska Governor Val Peterson to the U.S. Senate to fill the unexpired term created by the death of Sen. Wherry. (See page 28.) Meanwhile, both Republicans and Democrats were eyeing General Dwight D. Eisenhower, hero of World War II, then commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), as a potential candidate for President. Seaton was one of those chosen to fly to Paris to convince Ike to run. Subsequently, Ike asked Seaton to serve successively as Assistant Secretary of Defense, Deputy Assistant to the President and Secretary of the Interior. In the latter position, he was credited with bringing Alaska and Hawaii into statehood.

Seaton was seriously mentioned a number of times as a candidate for the U.S. Presidency.

In 1962, he lost a race for governor of Nebraska to incumbent Governor Frank B. Morrison by the narrowest of margins.

In A Kansas Portrait, by the Kansas Historical Society, Seaton was described as “the first Nebraska publisher to use wire photos and the only one to have three wire services. He also initiated progressive personnel practices.. . . As Secretary of the Interior, he advocated coopera­ tive long-range planning between federal and local governments and private enterprise in the development of natural resources. He encouraged continued growth of the hydrogenerating program in the Pacific Northwest. Always a strong advocate of conservation, he promoted the

BETA STATESMEN

45

most comprehensive long-range program of park development to that time.”

In “Alaska’s University Celebrates the Mile­ stones of Alaska Statehood” on the Creating Alaska website, Seaton was described as “a public advocate for Alaska statehood as a U.S. Senator, served as Secretary of the Interor dur­ ing Alaska's admission to the Union and was large ly re sp o n sib le fo r d eve lo pin g the E isenhow er A d m in is tra tio n ’s support for Alaska Statehood.”

Seaton, according to the Congressional Record, Feb. 20, 1952, said: “Alaska, through more than 80 years as a territory, has long since served her apprenticeship. As an orga­ nized Territory — an inchoate state — Alaska’s star has for too long been denied its rightful

Frederick Andrew Seaton, Kansas State 1931

place on the glorious flag of the United States.”

Seaton was elected to the Nebraska Broadcasters Association’s Hall of Fame. A video of that induction on the Association’s website enumerates his brief biography, including: “On Jan. 1, 1956, KHAS-TV went on the air, an affiliate of NBC, telecasting in black and white. In 1967, it was one of the first stations in the area to acquire color equipment. KHAS-TV remained a Seaton family-owned station for more than 40 years.

“For his service in the Defense Department as Assistant Secretary of Defense, 1953-54, he received the Presidential Medal of Honor.”

Upon his death at age 64, an editorial writer noted, “Throughout his active professional political life, nothing was ever said of him by friend or foe that was not complimentary.”

He was cited for “distinguished and courageous service rendered in the conservation and management of the country's natural resources” by 15 major organizations representing sports­ men and outdoor enthusiasts at the annual banquet of the Western Association of State Game and Fish Commissioners in 1960. It was believed to be the first time so many groups of this type ever honored a cabinet member for conservation and achievement in service.

Ambassador o f Goodwill George Washington Riley 1954 — The New York Osteopathic Society honored Dr. George Washington Riley, Pennsylvania 1895, in celebration of his 50 years of practice. Dr. Riley told of visiting George Bernard Shaw and extending an invitation to the playwright to come to America. Shaw scoffed at it, and launched into a tirade against America and Americans. . . . Dr. Riley, a mild-mannered gentleman, finally interrupted: “Mr. Shaw, you ought to be ashamed, talking that way about the place where much of your living comes from, and about the people who admire you enough to support your writing.” Shaw stopped his tirade immediately.

A few days later, Shaw told a friend: “I met a chap named Riley the other day. Most convincing American ambassador of goodwill I’ve ever talked to.”

46

JAMIE LLOYD WHITTEN (1910-95), MISSISSIPPI 1933 U.S. Representative from Mississippi, 1941-95; Democrat Born in Cascilla, Miss., Whitten attended the literary and law departments at the University of Mississippi and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice at Charleston, Miss., in 1932. He was principal of the Cowart School in Tallahatchie County, Miss., 1930-31, and served as district attorney for the 17th district of Mississippi, 1933-41. He served a record 53 years in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1941-95. He was co-chairman of the Joint Committee on Budget Control, 1971-75, and chairman of the Committee on Appropriations, 1979-93.

When Whitten was honored by Beta Theta Pi with the Oxford Cup, Beta Historian Robert T. Howard, DePauw 1937, wrote: “The term ‘career public servant’ is a most appropriate label for the Honorable Jamie L. W hitten.. . . In the latter years of his tenure, he was known as ‘the Dean of the House.’

“One obituary characterized him as having exerted ‘quiet but powerful control over the nation’s purse strings.’ At one time, Betas had key appropriations control in both Chambers: Whitten as chairman of the House appropriations Committee was responsible for every funding bill that came out of the house, and Senator Mark Hatfield, Willamette 1943, was chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee.

“A son of the Old South” . . . “(Whitten) was a 20-year-old public school principal when he was first elected to public office as a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1931, at age 21. He next was elected district attorney at 23 and continued in that office for three terms until elected to Congress in 1941.

“Whitten represented the 1st Mississippi District continuously from the 77th through the 103rd Congresses, and he was chairman of the appropriations committee’s subcommittee for agricultural affairs for all except the last term in that series.

A true “career p u b lic serva n t,” he exerted quiet but p ow erfu l control over the n a tio n ’s pu rse strings f o r 14 ye a rs.

“He maintained a home in Charleston, Miss., through his years in Congress. He authored a book, That We May Live, written after he spon­ sored an official investigation into the chemicals and chemical pesti­ cides industries. He retired in 1994, having served under 11 Presidents.

“A Mason and a Democrat, he also held membership in Phi Alpha Delta, unique in that it is the only law fraternity whose roots were nur­ tured in a legal controversy. That fraternity names each of its chapters after some distinguished legal figure. Its University of Mississippi chap­

ter, established in his junior year, was named for Beta Supreme Court Justice Joseph Rucker Lamar, Bethany 1877/Washington and Lee 1878. Lamar had been General Secretary of Beta Theta Pi as a student, 1877-78.”

His not-very-complimentary obituary in the New York Times in 1995, described Whitten as “a kind of shadow Secretary of Agriculture, Whitten was the man cotton farmers had to thank for the government’s large subsidy payments, the most costly of all Federal agriculture subsidy pro­ grams. He also strongly supported soil conservation and agricultural research programs.

“Farmers had him to thank, too, for supporting pesticides, which he described as an abso­ lute necessity to our way of life’ in the 1966 book, That We May Live. Later, it was disclosed that the book, designed to debunk Rachel Carson’s famed anti-pesticide work, Silent Spring, was conceived and subsidized by pesticide industry officials.

BETA STATESMEN

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“A larger monument to his legislative skill and

p ersisten ce

is

the

Tennessee-

Tombigbee waterway, a system of rivers and canals stretching 232 miles across the north­ ern portion of Mississippi, from the Missis­ sippi River to Alabama, at a cost of $2 billion.

At one point, it goes under the Jamie L. Whitten Bridge. Then there is the Jamie L. Whitten Medical Clinic in Charleston and the Jamie L. Whitten National Center for Physical Acous­ tics.

“Befitting his origins, Whitten ran as a con­ servative Democrat and opposed desegrega­ tion. But in the great upheavals of the civil rights movement, he shied away from joining that fray — with the exception of his 1962 election campaign, when he denounced his moder­ ate candidate, sticking to his favorite farm is­ sues. He later apologized for his earlier “nay” votes — Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, 1964, 1965 and 1968 — calling them a “mistake” caused by severe misjudgement.

“He voted for the Civil Rights Act of 1991. Later in his career, he voted for many liberal issues and frequently clashed with the Reagan administration on policy matters.

“At first he did not support food stamps, a popular program among most House Democrats; but he joined the majority on that issue in 1975.

“Gradually his ratings rose among organized labor and other cataloguers of liberal voting records, and when it came time for the Democratic caucus to elect a new chairman of the Appropriations Committee in 1978, he won, 156-88, in a secret ballot.

“As chairman, he had a style of ‘deliberate vagueness’ that stirred a mixture of admiration and frustration among House colleagues. ‘He'll give you an ulcer,’ said Representative Silvio O. Conte, a Massachusetts Republican, in 1985. ‘Dealing with him is like throwing putty at a wall.’

“But Representative Joseph P. Addabbo, a Queens (N.Y.) Democrat, said at that time, ‘He's a good Southern horse trader.’

“Whitten had a technique of dropping his voice and thickening his already strong Southern drawl when he wanted to disguise his true purpose. ‘Mr. Mumbles,’ Conte remarked after an encounter with that technique.

“Whitten did not give up power easily. He had a minor stroke in February 1992, but it was not until June of that year that House Democrats persuaded him to step down from the Appropria­ tions chairmanship. He did not seek reelection to Congress in 1994.

“Referred to by his honorary title, Dean of the House, 1979-95, Whitten was a member of an honorary cabinet chosen for the Beta Sesquicentennial Campaign in 1989. He died at age 85 from complications of chronic cardiac and renal disease.”

First in length of service in the House of Representatives, 53 years, he was the third longest serving congressman behind Senators Carl T. Hayden and Robert Byrd.

48

THOMAS HALE BOGGS, SR. (1914-72), TULANE 1935 U.S. Representative from Louisiana, 1941-43, 1947-73; Democrat Bom in Long Beach, Miss., Boggs graduated from Tulane University in 1935 and from its law department in 1937. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in New Orleans, La., in 1937. First elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1941, he was unsuccessful for reelection in 1942. He resumed his law practice in New Orleans, then enlisted in the U.S. Naval Reserve in 1943, during World War II. He was commissioned an ensign and attached to the Potomac River Naval Command and U.S. Maritime Service, 1943-46.

Returned by the voters to the U.S. House of Representatives, he served from 1947 to 1973.

He was chairman, Special Committee on Campaign Expenditures, 1951-53; majority whip, 1961-71, and majority leader, 1971-73. He disappeared while on a campaign flight from An­ chorage to Juneau, Alaska, Oct. 16, 1972. He was succeeded in Congress by his wife Lindy.

Elected in 1940, the youngest Democrat in the House, Rep. Boggs was sworn in at age 26.

He was described by a newspaper as “a handsome young man, leader of a youth movement

“H a le ” becam e the you n gest m em ber o f the H ouse when he d efea ted the corrupt politica l m achine o f H uey Long.

in Louisiana that opposed the Huey Long regime, and a politically astute person.

“After his election in 1971 as House majority leader, he emerged as the chief spokesman for the House Democrats on major issues, par­ ticularly the nation’s economy. One of his proudest moments was when he was chosen, along with the Republican leader, Gerald R. Ford, to make a trip to Communist China.”1 “Louisiana won its battle at the polls on Feb. 28, 1940, when the electorate overthrew one of the most strongly entrenched political

machines in America, established by the late governor, then Senator Huey Long, and continued by his heirs. In the forefront of the battle were young men throughout the state. Probably the most vigorous organization of young business and professional men was the People’s League headed by Hale Boggs.

“In the summer of 1939, the League determined that the first step in destroying the machine was to expose corruption in high places and that a thorough investigation depended upon the selection of an honest and fearless jury. Members of the League, headed by Boggs, super-

The hum or o f C ongressm an

Private J o h n ” A llen

People who assert that humor does not pay in politics should study the career of “Private John” Allen, Cumberland 1869. Running against a sitting Congressman, an ex-Confederate General of ability and renown, they had a public discussion of their war experiences: “Yes, fellow citizens," Allen replied when the General had described his hardships in the war, “I remember with painful distinctness the sufferings on the extremely cold night the General speaks of so eloquently; and what fixed the horror of that night forever in my memory is that the general slept soundly and snugly tucked up in his blankets in his tent, while I, a private soldier, nearly froze to death mounting guard in front of the General’s tent. Now I have a fair proposition: all you fellows who were generals vote for him, and all who were privates vote for me.” Ever after, Allen was called “Private John.” (See page 100)

BETA STATESMEN

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vised the drawing of the jury. The jury met and decided that the time for action had come. At every turn, however, it was prevented by the district attorney. Finally, the jurors presented a petition in the district court asking for the inde­ pendent counsel. This petition resulted in sev­ eral jurors being dism issed. Then things started! The People’s League called a mass meeting.

“On Oct. 10, 1939, Boggs, chairman of the meeting, stirred thousands of citizens to ac­ tion which resulted in the removal of the dis­ trict attorney. The district attorney resigned w h e n it w a s a n n o u n c e d ' h a t s u f f ic ie n t p e r s o n s had

signed

a recall

petition.

iip *

O ther m eetings

w e r e called — o n e protesting the action of the

mayor of the city in refusing to allow peaceful picketing. After the meeting, the pickets went

^

Thomas Hale Boggs, Tulane 1935

back to work and stayed there until the election.

“The People’s League was in the middle of the battle. Its lawyers were in the courts almost every day, and its speakers were on the radio and the stump. The battle was won and the League, with its Beta chairman, had been in the fight all the way! Is it any wonder that Hale Boggs was sent to Washington, elected in fall 1939, at the age of 26, to become the youngest member of the 77th Congress?”2 In recognition of Boggs’ distinguished career in the House, his party selected him as parlia­ mentarian of the Democratic National Convention in 1964 and chairman of the platform com­ mittee of the 1968 convention.

“One of the nation’s most noted congress­ men, Hale Boggs, killed in a plane crash in Alaska in 1972, was honored in the naming of a New Orleans building complex and an Alas­ kan mountain peak. Boggs Peak, towering 14,400 feet high, is near Whittier, 50 miles southeast of Anchorage. It was so named af­ ter resolutions introduced in both the U.S. House and Senate requesting such action.”3 1The Beta Theta Pi, April 1940, page 371 2The Beta Theta Pi, Vol. 68, page 31 3The Beta Theta Pi, January 1977, page 259

Rep. Lindy Boggs, who succeed her husband following his death, views his portrait upon the dedication of the Boggs Federal Building, U.S. Courthouse complex in New Orleans. The portrait, by Charles J. Fox, hangs in the lobby.

------------------------------------------------------------------

50

ALBERT ROLLEN CONRAD ULLMAN (1914-86) WHITMAN 1935 U.S. Representative from Oregon, 1957-81; Democrat Born in Great Falls, Mont., Ullman graduated from Whitman College in 1935 and taught at Port Angeles, Wash., High School, 1935-37. He earned a masters degree from Columbia University in 1939. An ensign in the U.S. Navy in 1942, he was a communications officer in the South Pacific until December 1945, eventually advancing to captain in the Naval Reserve.

Ullman was engaged in business in Baker, Ore., 1946-56, before serving in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1957-81, where he was chairman of the Joint Committee on Budget Con­ trol, 1971-75 and chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, 1975-81. He also served on the Committee on Budget, 1973-75; Joint Committee on Internal Revenue Taxation, 1975-77, and the Joint Committee on Taxation, 1977-81. He was unsuccessful for reelection in 1980 and established a consulting firm in Washington, DC. A resident of Falls Church, Va.. he died in Bethesda, Md. For most of his career Ullman was viewed as a moderate Democrat. He was a thoughtful leader and respected legislator who took particular interest in economic reforms relating to budget, tax, welfare and health insurance. He is regarded by many as the father of the presentday U.S. budget process. In 1973, he initiated and later co-chaired the Joint Study Committee on Budget Control, leading to major budget reforms which, for the first time, required Congress to reconcile spending with revenues in order to address mounting fed-

H is bill in 1 9 7 5 g a ve A m erica n s $20 billion in incom e tax rebates.

eral deficits.

In 1975, Ullman ascended to chairmanship of the House’s powerful Ways and Means Committee. As chairman, he oversaw the drafting and enactment of numerous major tax reform bills. The New York Times noted, “Among Mr. Ullman’s most important actions as committee chairman was his sponsorship of sweeping legislation to cut taxes in an effort to help shore up the U.S. economy. His bill, which gave more than $20

billion in income tax rebates to Americans in the spring of 1975, brought the Oregon Democrat national recognition after almost two decades of relatively quiet congressional service.”

Ullman also played a central role with respect to other key legislation, including the Windfall Profits Tax Act of 1980, which redirected an estimated $79 billion of oil companies’ excess profits resulting from price deregulation toward support for mass transit, oil price relief for poor families and development of alternative energy sources.

Ullman’s approach was in striking contrast to the authoritarian style of Wilbur Mills, his predecessor as chairman, who left Congress after his alcoholism and an affair with a stripper were publicly revealed, Ullman’s six years as chairman was characterized by his marked preference for fostering collegiality and creating consensus among committee members when­ ever possible.

On many regional issues, Ullman was a de facto leader of the Pacific Northwest’s Congres­ sional delegation. He was well-known for his longstanding advocacy on behalf of American Indian tribes in Eastern Oregon, which he felt had historically been treated unjustly by the federal government with respect to treaties, land and other issues.

After leaving office in 1981, he established Ullman Consultants, Inc., a consulting firm in

BETA STATESMEN

51

Georgetown, with his wife Audrey and former members of his Capitol Hill staff. He gave his extensive Congressional papers to the Uni­ versity of Oregon.

Reporting his death, The Beta Theta Pi, win­ ter 1987, noted that Rep. Ullman, “sponsored sweeping legislation to cut taxes in an effort to help shore up the U.S. economy. His bill, which gave more than $20 billion in income tax re­ bates to Americans in 1975, brought him na­ tional recognition. He taught history and gov­ ernment two years at Port Angeles High School; moved to New York City in 1939 and earned an M.A. in public law at Columbia University.

After the war, he became a builder and real estate developer in Baker, Ore. On leaving Congress in 1981, he formed a consulting firm in Washington, DC. His brother was Miles C. Ullman, Whitman 1940.”

One newsman referred to Rep. Ullman as a “rangy Oregon Democrat . . . the wavy haired Congressman, who represents one of the largest constituencies in the nation — 70,000 square miles of ranches, wheat fields, forests, desert and small towns in eastern Oregon, as large as the states of New York, New Jersey, Connecticut and Massachusetts combined.”

As Congress reconvened in January, 1975, he awaited the economic challenge with a prairieman’s restlessness. He detected a “vacuum of policy” and itched to fill it. Ullman’s tax plans included a quick tax cut, a longer term tax reform and efforts to find a new source of revenue — such as the value added tax which countries in the European Common Market levy on each stage of manufacturing. Important matters awaiting committee consideration included national health insurance, renovation of the social security system, welfare reform and the overhaul of unemployment compensation. The committee which he inherited offered both opportunities and obstacles.

When B etas ru led the day in South D akota . . . an d O regon!

“The other day a Vermillion barber laughingly remarked that “a move was on foot to take the control of South Dakota politics out of the hands of the Betas.” Jokingly as the remark may have been made, it nevertheless contained a ring of truth. A review of state politics for those years discloses that a remarkably large number of Betas were in highly placed state positions. Governor W. H. McMaster of the Beloit chapter, hero of the nationwide gasoline war, was the state’s chief executive. Judge John H. Gates, Iowa chapter, was a member of the supreme court, and Judge Dick Haney, Iowa chapter, had recently retired from the supreme bench.” — The Beta Theta Pi, January 1924 The same might be said for the state of Oregon in the 1960s-90s when Senators Mark O. Hatfield, Willamette 1943, and Robert W. Packwood, Willamette 1954, and Congressmen Albert R.C. Ullman, Whitman 1935; Wendell Wyatt, Oregon 1939, and Dennis Allan Smith, Willamette 1960, represented the Beaver state.

52

JOHN JACOB RHODES (1916-2003), KANSAS STATE 1938 U.S. Representative from Arizona, 1953-83; Republican Bom in Council Grove, Kan., Rhodes graduated from Kansas State Unversity in 1938 and from Harvard Law School in 1941. He served in the U.S. Army Air Corps, 1941-46, and was staff judge advocate of the Arizona National Guard, 1947-52. He was vice chairman, Arizona Board of Public Welfare, 1951-52. He served 30 years in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1953-83, was minority leader, 1973-81. He did not run for reelection and died in Mesa, Ariz.

An article by the Arizona State University Libraries, 2004, titled “Arizona’s Statesman: Con­ gressman John J. Rhodes,” recorded that, “John Rhodes was a remarkable man who lived a remarkable life, yet prided himself on being like Senator Carl Hayden, 'a work horse, not a show horse.’ His accomplishments are legion, yet he was content to work behind the scenes and let others occupy the spotlight. He was the first Republican from Arizona elected to the House of Representatives and spent 30 years in that body — seven as minority leader — where he worked indefatigably, not only for his Arizona constituents, but also for all U.S. citizens.

“At the state level, he spent years fighting for the approval of the Central Arizona Project, which supplies the water that has allowed Arizona to flourish; at the national level, he played a pivotal (investigative) role in the Watergate scandal and Richard Nixon’s subsequent resignation.

“If you live in Arizona, you should think of John Rhodes every time you turn on your tap or drive over Indian Bend Wash; as an American, you should think of him as one of the statesmen who guided our country through a critical and potentially catastrophic period of history.”

Although Rhodes retired from Congress in 1982, he never failed to keep himself up-to-date on current issues and never relinquished his interest in and will to serve his country. He authored several books, including The Futile System, about how the legislative process suffered during nearly 40 years of one-party control, Man o f the House, 2005, and I Was

“G od had a congressm an in m ind when He m ade John R hodes. ”

There, tracing his three decades in Congress.

In the eulogy at his memorial service, attended by Arizona’s Gover­ nor Napolitano and former Governors Hull, Symington and Goodard, Senators McCain and Kyi and Congressmen Kolbe, Hayworth, Shadegg, Franks and Renzi, Jay Smith described John Rhodes as “a

rare breed of politician. God had a congressman in mind when He made John Rhodes.

“In his first 20 years as a congressman, John saw no need to have a press secretary. What was said about Franklin Roosevelt was also true of John: ‘Long before there were imagemakers, he knew how to do it himself.’ After weeks of badgering Sunday talk programs to have John on as a guest, an invitation came from Meet the Press. When John was told this ‘good news’ (on a Friday afternoon when he was about to head for the golf course), he paused briefly and said, ‘I don’t have anything to say right now. Tell them, thanks but no.’

“As a congressman, he was honest, straightforward and true to his word. He said that ‘One should be able to disagree without being disagreeable.' John and Tip O’Neill (Speaker of the House) disagreed on most issues, yet they were good friends. ‘We would fight on the House floor if we had to and then go play golf together,’ John said, adding, ‘I've got to believe that the country was better off because we didn’t hate each other.’”

Respected political reporter David Broder of the Washington Post, cited John Rhodes as the best example of “‘a large-minded spirit' lacking in today’s Congress.” The late, great Arizona

BETA STATESMEN

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journalist John Kolbe said of him: “Every bill he wrote, issue he debated or task he under­ took, he touched with a consummate sense of decency. John Rhodes had class.

“He was humble, gentle and kind, but he was no shrinking violet. He could be tough as nails when he had to be,” Jay Smith added. “A number of his House colleagues recall being taken ‘to the woodshed’ by the minority leader when they fell out of line. He had a steely look when he was especially displeased or angry.

It was a look that could make you cower if you were on the receiving end. It was this unusual combination of qualities — of greatness and strength — that made John so remarkable.

“John was a visionary. He made the Central Arizona Project his top legislative priority be­ cause he believed that having sufficient water

John Jacob Rhodes, Kansas State 1938

was the key to Arizona’s future. Senator Barry Goldwater said, ‘If John Rhodes had not been here, there would be no Central Arizona Project.’

“On the national stage, John helped preserve the Constitution of the United States at a time when it was imperiled. A patriot is defined as ‘a person who loves, supports and defends his country and its interests with devotion. John Rhodes was an American patriot."

As house minority leader, Rhodes dealt with a Republican occupying the presidency. Those responsibilities became even greater as he served as an important go-between with the White House at one end of Pennsylvania Avenue and a large Democratic majority at the other. Win­ ning reelection to his House seat in November (1974) gave Rhodes an opportunity to play an important part in the final days of the Watergate investigations, the impeachment proceedings and the change-over to the Ford Administration.

“John did not want the President of his party forced from office," Jay Smith continued in his eulogy. “He defended President Nixon whenever he could. But his support was not blind. He also believed that the facts needed to come out and the process of discovery had to work.

“John agonized over impeachment. He once confided, ‘I feel so bad when I criticize the President, but I’ve got to keep an anchor in the Constitution if I can.’

“In the end, John announced he would vote to impeach. He based his decision on the principle of ‘equal justice under the law’ — that in America, ‘no person, be he rich or poor, black or white, ordinary citizen or President, is above the law.’ The next day (‘the worst day of my life,' he called it), accompanied by Barry Goldwater and Senate Republican Leader Hugh Scott, John went to the White House to give President Nixon the grim news that it was over. This was an act of supreme patriotism. He put his country ahead of his party.” John Rhodes was a true Beta “principled man.” The President resigned two days later.

Rhodes was one of only two congressmen to be a Beta president. His term, 1984-87, followed by a decade the service of Rep. James G. Martin, Davidson 1957, Rep.-N.C., Beta president, 1975-78. Rhodes’ son, John J. Rhodes III, also was a congressman from Arizona.

54

ROBERT J. KANE (1911-92), CORNELL 1934 President, U.S. Olympic Committee, 1976-80 When President Carter forbade U.S. participation in the 1976 Moscow games, Kane led U.S. Olympians “through their most difficult year with statesmanship and dignity. He skillfully guided the sensitive issue through emotional heat and political turmoil to the official withdrawal.”

An outstanding track athlete, Kane held the Cornell record (21.1 seconds) for the 200meter dash for more than 40 years. In his se­ nior year, he ran on winning 440- and 880yard relay team s at the Penn R elays.

Representating the New York Athletic Club, he was on the AAU relay champions on 440, 880 and mile relay teams in 1933, 1934 and 1935.

While touring Europe with a group of Ameri­ can stars in 1924, he set the European record for the 300-meter dash.

A candidate for the U.S. track team in 1936, Kane was excluded because he was declared a “professional” because he was coaching _______________________________________

the Cornell freshman track team in exchange

Robert J. Kane, Cornell 1934

for tuition to law school. Today's rules are more relaxed, due in part to Kane.

“I was involved with the Olympics since 1952 when I was manager of our track team,” Kane recalled, but “that (boycott of the Moscow games) was the toughest problem ever faced.”

In 1939, he became assistant athletic director at Cornell, athletic director in 1943 and dean of athletics and assistant to the University president in 1971. He also served two terms as a vice president of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), was a charter member of the Cornell Athletic Hall of Fame and was inducted into the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame in 1986.

While at Cornell, the Big Red won national championships in hockey, lacrosse, rowing and “ H is coolness a n d lea de rship w ill lo n g be rem em bered by a g ra te fu l n a tio n ”

P°'0, ancl lv^ Lea9ue championships in 10 sports. While he was Cornell athletic director, new athletic facilities costing $9 million were built. He was also President of the Eastern College Athletic Conference. ^ 's inv° lvernent the U.S.Olympic Committee’s (USOC) administration started on the board of directors in 1953. He was second vice president, 1968-70, first vice president, 1970-72, and president, 1976-

80. He led the NCAA effort to institute a controlled program for the televising of collegiate football.

Under Kane, the USOC budget went from $13 million to $43 million. He created national training centers in Squaw Valley, Calif., and Colorado Springs, Colo., instituted the National Sports Festival in 1978, initiated a comprehensive study of sports medicine and gave athletes a voice as to their futures. As one journal recorded when he stepped down as USOC president in 1980, “His coolness and leadership will long be remembered by a grateful nation.”

BETA STATESMEN

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KARL-HEINZ OEDEKOVEN, OREGON STATE 1937 Director, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, 1965-74 An exchange student at Oregon State University, 1936-37, Oedekoven studied forestry and law at the universities of Gottingen, Bonn and Eberswalde. After World War II, he spent 12 years consulting in 18 countries on behalf of the U.N.’s Food and Agriculture Organization, later becoming its director and locating in Brazil for nine years. In 1974, he was called back to Ger­ many to head the country’s Division of For­ estry, Timber Industries and Wildlife Manage­ ment. He published over 50 papers and made numerous public speeches on four continents, often with oceanographer Jacques Cousteau.

During World War II, he was a 1st lieutenant in the German Army. He suffered severe inju­ ries from a mine explosion on the Russian front. After a year in a military hospital and un­ dergoing 21 operations, he was discharged in 1942. In 1944, following the attempt on Hitler’s life, he was interrogated extensively by the Gestapo about his connections with the conspirators. A high-ranking S.S. officer

Karl-Heinz Oedekoven, Oregon State 1937

vouched for his innocence. Thanks to his lin­ guistic talents (English, French, Spanish and Portuguese), he was West German Section Chief for International Relations in the Forestry and Timber Industries in the 1950s. He died in 1991.

Founder of forestry schools in Pakistan, Iran and Syria and of forestry research institutes in

H is warnings in 1961 abou t the loss o f the w o rld ’s fo rests ring true today.

Lebanon and Sudan, he spoke frequently on behalf of the ecology and a healthy world environment. In a 1961 speech that resulted in world­ wide implications, Oedekoven said, “The forest, our largest and most durable soil cover, was once regarded as only an obstacle to settle­ ment, agriculture and communications. Man has come to learn, how­ ever, that the two most important elements of his existence — soil and

water — owe their stability and availability to the presence of sufficient forest cover.

“While international rivalries change, while political leaders come and go, the destructive process of soil deterioration remains a permanent menace. We know from the experience of 500 years that the Sahara desert progresses toward the south at a rate of over three feet a year on a wide front of 2,000 miles. Even today, American rivers carry away so much fertile soil that an old Indian once said, ‘Our country is a new Atlantis; one day it will disappear into the ocean.’

“It is a striking fact that a number of countries have never formulated a forest policy or passed a forest law, in spite of evident symptoms of soil deterioraton and repeated warnings.

“Of the four billion acres of the earth’s original forest area which man has destroyed,” he concluded, “one billion might well be replanted, especially since much of this land is to be found in places where the population is in greatest need of the products of the forest.”

56

ADOLPH DUBS (1920-79), BELOIT 1942 U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan, 1979 Following the startling announcement of the tragic death of Ambassador Dubs, the news media carried a flood of tributes from governmental leaders, diplomats and reporters unani­ mously characterizing Dubs as representing a “near-perfect example of American states­ manship.” One of those who knew him best was his long-time minister, close friend and Beta brother, Dr. Seth R. Brooks, St., Lawrence 1922, who officiated at his memorial service: “Adolph Dubs, U.S. Ambassador to Afghani­ stan, met death in Kabul on Feb 14, 1979. On the way to his office in his automobile, he was kidnapped. His captors took him to a room in the Kabul Hotel, held him as ransom for the release of certain political prisoners. In an at­ tempt made by authorities in Kabul to rescue him, he was caught in a crossfire and killed.

“Known by his many friends as 'Spike,' he had an outstanding career in the U.S. State Department. He was a native of Chicago and Adolph Dubs, Beloit 1942

attended Georgetown University as well as Beloit before serving in the U.S. Navy during

World War II. He later attended Harvard University Russian Language courses.

“In the State Department, he served in Germany, Liberia, Yugoslavia and Canada before becoming First Secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow in 1961. He became head of the State Department’s Soviet Desk. In 1972, he was assigned as No. 2 man in the Moscow Embassy.

“I haven’t known many who worked harder than he. He loved his country. No hours of study and preparation for his assignments were too long. No task or call found him wanting. No sacrifice made for his office was too great. He became a recognized authority on Soviet affairs.

“Brother Dubs brought honor and distinction to the posts he filled and to his Alma Mater Beloit and to the Fraternity, which meant much to him over the years. He was a quiet, reflective, studious man. He was a faithful and devout churchman. He enjoyed outdoor life, travel, books, music, art, family and friends. Over the years he kept in close touch

N o sacrifice f o r his country was too great; in the end, it m eant his life.

with a group of Betas who were intimate friends in Beloit chapter. This association always meant to him one of his deepest experiences.

“He was held in highest esteem by his colleagues within and out­ side the State Department. He had an outstanding reputation through devotion to his duty, wherever it led. He was a model for young men

entering government service in the affairs of our nation’s diplomatic life.

“One can say without qualification that Spike Dubs lived a useful life. He brought honor to our government and to those who had shaped him for a dedicated career carried out often under the most arduous and trying circumstances.” Burial was in Arlington National Cemetery.

BETA STATESMEN

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MAURICE G. CHASE, UCLA 1943 At ease with the rich and famous while ministering to the poor and disheartened To thousands of homeless on Los Angeles’ Skid Row, Father Dollar Bill is their everyday hero. The Catholic priest has distributed money to the needy for some 35 years. One day he may mingle at a Hollywood social affair, qui­ etly lining up donations for his life’s work in downtown L.A. Sundays and holidays, he mixes among the 5,000-plus “sad souls on skid row,” shaking hands, patting backs bent over from hardship, telling them, “God loves you!” and passing a dollar bill to each one.

“I hand out thousands of dollars every Sun­ day,” noted the joyful, charismatic teddy bear in black shirt and clerical collar. He began his special kind of ministry as a fund raiser for Loyola Marymont University, where he gained entry into the homes of L.A. elite. Meanwhile, he was ministering to thousands on Skid Row, just a few blocks from City Hall. One day, he reasoned it would boost the spirits of those sad souls if he could press crisp dollar bills into their hands.

Such sums don’t come from a priest’s pov- Maurice G. Chase, UCLA 1943 and a Skid Row beneficiary o f his statesmanship erty-level salary, of course, so Fr. Chase be­ gan putting the arm on celebrities and socialites. Sundays, he dispenses almost $5,000 on Skid Row; Wednesdays, he passes another $1,000 at a soup kitchen in Santa Monica. And on Thanksgiving, Christmas and Easter, more than $15,000 — sometimes a dollar, sometimes more to mothers with children, even $100 to the neediest. Do the math; that’s well into six figures a year! Among his sponsors have been Gregory Peck, Joan Collins, Loretta Young, Barbra Streisand and Arnold Schwartzenegger. He is known as the “socialite priest,” high “F ather D ollar on the “A-list” for parties of the wealthy.

B ill” is After U C LA, he was ordained in 1953 and assigned to a Palm Desert a c k n o w led g ed parish where his brushes with the celebrity set began. In 1974, Fr. by rich and Chase became chaplain of Notre Dame Academy, an L.A. school. One p o o r alike as day on the playground, a second-grader tugged at his sleeve: “Father, the “Statesm an you didn’t call on me today, and I knew the right answer,” she told him.

“I guess you deserve a prize.” The priest grinned and handed her a o f Skid R ow .” dollar b ill. . . the first one he ever passed out. A long way from Skid Row, to be sure, but as Fr. Chase noted, “The buck only starts here!”

“He believes in religion in the trenches,” said Bob Newhart, “not just in some distant ivory tower.” At the other extreme, “Buck,” a middle-aged Skid Row regular insisted, “Fr. Maury is our saint.” Buck sleeps in an alley under two burlap bags. “He cares about us, cares who we are.”

“I think everybody should have the dignity of having a dollar in their pocket,” insists Fr. Chase.

“A lot of these people don’t have anything. I just try to love them. God doesn’t need people to approve. If it pleases Him, what does it matter what people think?’

58

MARK ODOM HATFIELD (1922-), WILLAMETTE 1943 U.S. Senator from Oregon, 1967-97; Oregon Governor, 1959-67; Republican Among the founders of Beta Theta Pi, none engenders as much pride and respect as the impecunious John Holt Duncan, o f ever honored memory, who devoted his life to the martyred family who saved him from certain death in the Civil War. Of Betas today, no one personifies such strength of character better than former Senator Mark Hatfield, whose lonely stands on principle characterize his 46 years of public service.

Born in Dallas, Ore., he graduated from Willamette University in 1943 and earned a graduate degree from Stanford in 1948. In the U.S. Navy in World War II, he returned to be an associate professor in political science at Willamette, 1949-56. After service in the State house of repre­ sentatives and the State senate, he was elected Oregon Secretary of State, 1957-59, and Governor, 1959-78.

A much-published author, he served in the U.S. Senate, 1967-97. He was a member of the Committee on Appropriations, and its chairman, 1981-87 and 1995-97; Energy and Natural Resources and Rules Committees and Joint Committees on the Library and on Printing. He later resumed teaching at Portland State, George Fox and Willamette universities.

A World War II battle veteran, he dedicated his life to preventing armed conflict and improving the human condition through a lifetime of public service.

As a member of the U.S. Senate, he authored the 1992 legislation calling for an end to U.S. nuclear testing and opposed increases in defense spending and U.S. military involvement abroad while focusing on improving health, education and social services programs.

A great admirer of Abraham Lincoln and Herbert Hoover, Hatfield concedes that “I never can recall when I wasn't somehow involved in politics. There was no question in my mind that ultimately I would be engaged in political action.” At age 10, he hauled Hoover campaign

The single Senate vote in opposition to the Vietnam War he also opposed the Iraq War an d fo u g h t f o r the health o f the w o rld ’s en viron m en t

literature around his neighborhood in his wagon. ln Between a Rock and a Hard Place, 1976, he wrote how his Navy duty “sensitized” him “to the untold suffering of humanity’s hungry and

P00r masses of people. “I was among the first Americans to enter Hiroshima after the atomic bomb was dropped. Sensing in that utter devastation the full inhumanity and horror of modern war’s violence, I questioned whether there could be any virtue in war.”

H's approach to political extremism was often ambivalent. He took

an ear^ stanc* against the anti-Communist extremism

of the McCarthy years and carried similar independent stances against the Vietnam and Iraq Wars and support for environmental concerns long before

“global warming” was a favorite topic.

For Oregonians, Hatfield’s path itself is the stuff of legend: rising from a small town as the only child of a railroad blacksmith and a schoolteacher, he was a youthful state legislator while Dean of Students at Willamette University. He never lost an election. He was the youngest Secretary of State in Oregon history, two-term Governor, five-term Senator, champion of the environment, early (1964) opponent of the Vietnam War, favored gun control, fought against the death penalty, nuclear power plants and human rights violations.

Perserverance in the face of enormous opposition has been the byword of this remarkable

BETA STATESMEN

59

man, whose independence has cost him heavily in friends, allies and associates.

Of Hatfield’s departure from the Senate in 1996, NBC-TV’sTom Brokow wrote in his book The Greatest Generation: “Having stood his ground and won the day, (Hatfield) garnered praise primarily from older senators who rec­ ognized that instances of individual courage in their chamber were rare. He left as he ar­ rived — with strong, independent convictions and still a member of the Republican party, despite the changes in the DNA of the GOP in recent years.”

Perhaps nothing defines this W illamette Beta quite so well as his unique ability to stand on principle while so many around him were caving in to a more popular course. His con­ cerns for the environment prevail. In 1974, he

Mark Odom Hatfield, Willamette 1943

declared: “In our desire for material goods, we have polluted our sky and waterways, creating an ecological imbalance that threatens the life of our p la n e t. . . and to do injustice to the earth in search of material wealth is to destroy a part of ourselves.”

Of Beta Theta Pi, Senator Hatfield said, “Beta Theta Pi taught me that I alone did not exist unrelated to others. I flourished under the group decision process, and taking roles of leader­ ship taught me accountability, both to my peers and to the group.”

His book Against the Grain was published after he left the Senate. This political and spiritual memoir reflects and reinforces his oft-described maverick role as the most progressive politi­ cian in the Republican Party since Abraham Lincoln. Grain details his opposition to the Vietnam war, successful drafting of the Soviet-American nuclear freeze legislation with Senator Ted Kennedy and his strong stands of conscience on health reform, the death penalty and the balanced budget amendment that “typically ran counter to the Republican mainstream.”

Hatfield’s other books are Not Quite So Simple, 1967; Conflict and Conscience, 1971, and Vice Presidents o f the United States, 1997. He is co-author of five others: The Unsettled Ques­ tion o f Vietnam, 1976; The Causes o f World Hunger, 1982; Freeze! How You Can Help Prevent Nuclear War, 1982; What About the Russians?, 1984, and Lessons and Legacies: Farewell Addresses from the Senate, 1976. Several of these volumes are in the John Reily Knox Memo­ rial Library in Oxford.

He retired at age 74 and continued to enjoy his time teaching modern political issues and urban politics in the college classroom. Married to Antoinette Kuzmanich in 1958, they are parents of Mark, Elizabeth, Theresa and Charles. He serves on numerous boards, including the National Advisory Council on Aging and the Omega Point Foundation.

Hatfield’s contributions to Beta Theta Pi are legion, if not legendary. A founder of Gamma Sigma chapter at Willamette University, he carried the charter petition to the Beta convention. A frequent speaker at Beta Theta Pi events, he is a protege of the distinguished late Beta President and General Secretary G. Herbert Smith, DePauw 1927, former president of Willamette.

60

JOHN NAPIER WYNDAN TURNER (1929- ) BRITISH COLUMBIA 1949 Prime Minister, 1984; Canada House of Commons, 1961-93; Liberal John Turner would seem to have been marked as a winner even from boyhood. He was a national champion athlete, Rhodes Scholar, member of a major law firm, a leader in the Canadian Parliament and Canada’s Prime Minister. He continues as a distinguished and much-in-demand public speaker.

Born June 7, 1929, in Richmond, Surrey, England, he came to Canada as a child in 1932.

Known as “Chick” Turner throughout his youth, he starred in football and hockey at St. Patrick’s College, Ottawa, and was on its hockey team which reached the quarterfinal playoffs for the Memorial Cup three straight years.

Competing in track, he won four Canadian championship gold medals, including the Cana­ dian junior 100-yard and 220-yard sprints at Edmonton and was the senior 220 sprinter at the 1947 Caledonian Games in Calgary. Also, he equaled the Northern Division Pacific Coast Conference (Pac-10) record of 9.7 seconds for the 100-yard dash. He ran on the winning Canadian mile relay team and was on the university’s swim team.

In his final year at the University of British Columbia, he was on the Student Council and in Big Block Club as “most outstanding sprinter.” He was a sports writer and editor for Ubyssey, the student newspaper. He represented his chapter at the 108,h Beta Theta Pi General Convention, 1947, at Poland Springs, Maine, and was a participant in six sports for Gamma Omicron chapter, as it won the intramural championship two consecutive years.

A winner, even After graduation, he returned to his native country as a Rhodes Scholar, from boyhood, he earning a B.A. in Jurisprudence, B.C.L., M.A. at Oxford University, and was a “Prime continued his education at the Sorbonne in Paris, 1952-53. Returning to M inister in Canada, he joined the prestigious law firm of McMillan, Binch. In the waiting” too long.

1960s and 1970s, he became highy visible, holding office as Register

General, Minister of Consumer and Corporate Affairs and for three years was the first chairman of the Interim Committee of the International Monetary Fund.

Turner was first elected to Parliament in 1961 and served until 1993, when he resigned to return to the practice of law. During that period, he served as Minister without Portfolio, 1965-67; Minister of Consumer and Corporate Affairs, 1967-68; Registrar General of Canada, 1967; Solicitor General, 1968; Minister of Justice, 1968-72, and Minister of Finance, 1972-75. He ran for the leadership of the Liberal Party in 1968 but lost to Pierre Trudeau.

Although a member of the Liberal party, he was considered one of its more conservative leaders and his resignation as Minister of Finance in 1975 was reportedly over a dispute with Trudeau over the latter’s instigation of wage and price controls. Turner said his priorities were to find worthwhile budget jobs for Canadians and cutting the budget, although not at the ex­ pense of the unemployed, aged, poor or sick.

Always at the forefront of party leadership, Turner was a “Prime Minister in waiting” for too long. During the long term of fellow Liberal Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, he was the Party’s leader in the House of Commons. He succeeded Trudeau in 1984 when Trudeau retired.

Unfortunately, a highly publicized series of patronage appointments by both Trudeau and Turner, and an electorate that was tiring of 16 years of Liberal government, led to a Conservative

BETA STATESMEN

61

victory in the 1984 general election and the election of Brian Mulroney, a Progressive Con­ servative, as prime minister.

Following his party’s defeat in 1984, Turner stayed as Leader of the Opposition for six years, 1984-90. He retired from politics in 1993 and again returned to the practice of law as a partner in McMillan, Binch, one of Toronto’s most prominent law firms. In 1994, he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada.

His service in the Commons was as mem­ ber for St. Lawrence — St. George, 1962-66; member for Ottawa — Carleton, 1966-76, and member for Vancouver Quadra, 1984-93.

Form er president o f the Ju nior Bar of Canada, he is a member of the English Bar and the Bars of Quebec, Ontario; Barbados; the Yukon and N orthwest Territories and

John N.G. Turner, British Columbia 1949

Trinidad as well as British Columbia. In 2004, he headed the deigation of Canadian election monitors to the Ukraine to help observe its presidential runoff vote. The monitoring was the first mission of the new Canada Corps.

Turner’s changes to the party’s ideology and policies during his years as party leader may be his legacy, rather than his brief months as prime minister. While he campaigned against the controversial Free Trade Agreement in 1988, he was largely pro-business and favored smaller government and tax cuts for corporations during his six years as Liberal Party leader.

Having for years been regarded as an exceptionally talented and bright young man in politics, with impressive academic and athletic records, Turner has taken on the mantle of Elder States­ man and oldest living former Canadian Prime Minister — a much-approved transition for the young man who, in 1959 at a party hosted by his stepfather (lieutenant governor of British Columbia), he was reported to have “spent a considerable amount of time dancing with Britain’s Princess Margaret, one year his junior,” the first time he received significant press attention.

In 1963, he married Geills McCrae Kilgour, great-niece of Colonel John McCrae, author of the popular World War I poem, In Flanders Field.

In 1965, while vacationing in Barbados, Turner noticed that former Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, staying at the same hotel, was struggling in the strong surf and undertow. Turner, having been a competitive swimmer, jumped in and assisted Diefenbaker to shore.

A frequent participant in Beta events in British Columbia and Ontario, he was only the fourth Beta to be honored with the Fraternity’s Oxford Cup award, and the first Canadian so honored.

The celebration was held at the annual banquet of the Southern Ontario Beta Alumni Associa­ tion, gathered on May 24, 1986, at the Royal York Hotel, Toronto, which also celebrated the 50th anniversary of the British Columbia chapter’s founding. Turner also had been the featured speaker at the 1981 Toronto banquet celebrating the 75th anniversary of the installation of Canada’s first Beta chapter at the University of Toronto, and again at the 167th General Conven­ tion in Toronto in 2006, celebrating 100 years of Beta Theta Pi in Canada.

62

JOHN WILLIAM WARNER (1927- ) WASHINGTON AND LEE 1949/VIRGINIA 1953 Secretary of the Navy, 1972-74; U.S. Senator from Virginia, 1979-2009; Republican Born in Washington, DC, Warner enlisted in the U.S. Navy in 1946 at the age of 17. He was honorably discharged as a petty officer third class. He graduated in engineering from Washing­ ton & Lee in 1949, then interrupted his law studies to serve in the Korean War, 1950-52, as a ground officer in the 1st Marine Wing, followed by 10 years in the Marine Corps Reserve, advancing to the rank of captain. He earned his LL.B at the University of Virginia Law School in 1953, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice. He was a law clerk for the U.S. Court of Appeals, DC circuit, 1953-54, and Assistant U.S. Attorney, Trial/Appellate Divisions, 1956-60.

From 1969 to 1972, Warner served as Under Secretary of the Navy and advanced to Secretary of the Navy, 1972-74. He was administrator, American Revolution Bicentennial Administration, 1974-76, and was director of the federal role in those events in 50 states and 22 foreign countries. He was appointed to the U.S. Senate in 1979 to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Sen. William Scott, for the term ending 1979 and was reelected to the Senate in 1984, 1990, 1996 and 2002. He was chairman, Committee on Rules and Administration, 199599, and Armed Services Committee, 1999-2009. He did not run for reelection in 2008.

During his five years as Secretary of the Navy, he was engaged in two key diplomatic assign­ ments: representative for the Secretary of Defense to the Law of the Sea talks in Geneva, 196973, and subsequently as principal negotiator and signatory for the United States of the Inci­

Stood against his party on Iraq, gun control, torture o f terrorists and stem cell research yet was a strong supporter o f the arm ed forces

dents at Sea between the U.S. and the former Soviet Union, 1970-72.

This Executive Agreement remains in effect today and has been used as a model for similar agreements between other nations covering the operational directives for naval ships and aircraft in international sea lanes throughout the world.

Following his work in the Navy Department, he was appointed by the President to coordinate the 1976 celebration of the bicentennial of the founding of the U.S. Senator Warner was among the minority of Republicans to support

gun control laws. He voted for the Brady Bill and, in 1999, was one of only five Republicans to vote to close the “gun show loophole.” In 2004, he was one of three Republicans to sponsor an amendment to provide for a 10-year extension of the assault weapons ban.

Warner is pro-life, yet he voted in favor of expanding stem-cell research funding. Because of his centrist stances on many issues, Warner faced opposition from angry members of his own party in his reelection campaign for a fourth term in 1996; however, he won the primary and went on to a new six-year term. His most remarkable elective years may have been as ranking member and/or chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee when he often has stood against his party’s and President George W. Bush’s policies and strategies before and during the Iraq War. On May 23, 2005, Warner was one of 14 centrist senators (Gang o f 14) to forge a compro­ mise on the Democrats’ proposed use of the judicial filibuster, thus blocking the Republican leadership’s attempt to implement the so-called “nuclear option.”

Repeatedly, Warner has said U.S. military and intelligence personnel in future wars will

BETA STATESMEN

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suffer for abuses committed in 2006 by the U.S. in the name of fighting terrorism. Warner and fellow Republican Senators Lindsey Gra­ ham and John McCain, in October 2006, pushed through a compromise bill which re­ stricted torture and abuse of alleged terror­ ists, maintaining that the U.S. should hold true to its “core principles,” provide fair trials and not appear to undermine the agreements of the Geneva Convention.

Throughout his career, he has shown un­ wavering support for the men and women of the armed forces. He has also been a cham­ pion of modernizing the structure and opera­ tion of the services to ensure their effective­ ness in the 21st century.

Senator Warner also served as the secondranking Republican on two Senate commit­

John W. Warner, W&L 1949/V/ra/n/a 1953

tees: the Intelligence Com m ittee and the Committee on the Environment and Public Works. In addition, he served on the Senate Com­ mittee on Homeland Security and Internal Affairs. He established one of the highest percent­ ages of roll call votes in Congress.

On July 31, 2008, Senators John Warner and Jim Webb (Dem.-Va.) announced that the Senate had passed their legislation, the Minority Serving Institutions Advanced Technology and Education Act, as a provision in the College Opportunity and Affordability Act of 2008, the reau­ thorization of the Higher Education Act. The legislation provides resources to address the technology gap that exists at many minority educational institutions and would establish a grant program for Minority Serving Institutions to assist them in bringing increased access to computers, technology and the Internet to their student populations.

After passing unanimously in July 2007, the legislation was included in an agreement by conference members from the House and Senate. With the up-or-down vote complete in both chambers, the bill was signed by the President. Typical of his high involvement in the business of the Senate, Warner then introduced a Gas Conservation Bill.

In the 2008 Congress, Senator Warner missed a low 53 votes (8.3%.) He voted with a majority of his Republican colleagues 83.2% of the time, not including the measures on which he was not present to vote.

Speaking from the front of the University of Virginia’s historic Rotunda, referring to the “hal­ lowed grounds” of the University in his remarks, Senator Warner recalled his 45 years of public service and summarized his decision to step down from the Senate: “The founding father of our nation and the founding father of the University of Virginia, Mr. (Thomas) Jefferson, said, There is a fullness of time when men should go, and not occupy too long the ground to which others have the right to advance.’” He was the second-longest-serving senator from Virginia in the 218-year history of the Senate.

He accepted the revered Beta Theta Pi Oxford Cup in Washington, DC, in 2008.

64

RICHARD GREEN LUGAR (1932- ), DENISON 1954 U.S. Senator from Indiana, 1977- ; Mayor of Indianapolis, 1968-75; Republican Few leading national figures have served the Fraternity as well or as long as Senator Dick Lugar. Official spokesman for Men o f Principle, he is at every Beta convention to deliver inspira­ tional speeches and encourage young members and alumni alike to be proud of their Fraternity.

Born in Indianapolis, Ind., he graduated from Denison University and earned a master’s degree with honors from Pembroke College, Oxford, England, in 1956. A businessman, he comanages firms that manufacture food production equipment and have livestock and grain operations. In the U.S. Navy, 1957-60, he was on the Indianapolis Board of School Commis­ sioners, 1964-67, and mayor of Indianapolis, 1968-75, with a new city-county form of govern­ ment as a result. A visiting professor at the University of Indianapolis, he was unsuccessful in his bid for a U.S. Senate seat in 1974, losing to the incumbent Birch Bayh. Successful in his run in 1976, unseating incumbent Senator Vance Hartke, he will have served in the Senate for 36 years when his current term ends in January 2013. As of 2009, he was the ranking (longest serving) Republican member of the upper house.

Lugar has been chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, 1985-87, 200307, a member of the Select Committee on Intelligence and committees on Banking, Housing & Urban Affairs and on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry. He was president of the National League of Cities, 1970-71, member of the Institute for International Studies, a trustee of Denison University and the University of Indianapolis and on the boards of the National Endowment for Democracy, the American Running and Fitness Association and Youth for Understanding.

A foremost figure in U.S. life for decades, Lugar also stands as the epitome of a man who early on saw his role and began preparing for leadership. Consequently, as a senator since 1977, he has been a world leader in international relations and an articulate spokesman for new ideas, with clear-cut concepts of what makes government work.

From his youth, he was marked for achievement with an unerring sense of where the power lies, always with a quiet, gentlemanly feel for being that power himself. While a student at Denison, he was student body co-president with Charlene Smeltzer, his future wife. He was one of those rare undergraduates to serve as the official delegate from his chapter to two consecutive Beta conventions. The Lugars have four sons: Mark, Robert, John and David.

Throughout his remarkable career, he still manages the family’s 604-acre farm, which raises corn, soybeans and trees. Before entering public life, he assisted his brother Tom with the family's food machinery manufacturing business in Indianapolis. He ran for the Republican nomination for President in 1996, withdrawing prior to Bob Dole’s nomination. The main plank

A pplause fro m a fu tu re U.S. President Sen. Richard Lugar was influential in leading Senate approval of the treaty to reduce the world’s use, production and stockpiling of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. In August 2005, Sen. Barack Obama traveled with Sen. Lugar to Russia and the Ukraine. “I couldn’t have had a better guide than Dick,” the future president said. “He’s a remarkable 73-year-old with a gentle, imperturbable manner and an inscrutable smile . . . who, with Sen. Sam Nunn, fostered the Nunn-Lugar program to provide the resources to help clean up aging Cold War weaponry.”

Later, Senators Lugar and Obama co-sponsored legislation intended to restrict weapons proliferation and the black market arms trade. — The Audacity o f Hope, by Barack Obama, 2006, pages 311-312, 326

BETA STATESMEN

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in his platform was abolishment of the income tax, replacing it with a national sales tax.

Lugar has been influential in gaining Sen­ ate ratification of treaties to reduce the world’s use, production and stockpiling of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. In 1991, he initiated a partnership with then-Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Sam Nunn with the objective of eliminating latent weap­ ons of mass destruction in the former Soviet Union. The program led to the deactivation of more than 5,900 nuclear warheads.

As chairman of the Senate Agriculture Com­ mittee, he built bipartisan support for 1996 fed­ eral farm program reforms, ending 1930s-era federal production controls. He initiated a biofuels research program to help decrease dependency on foreign oil and led initiatives to streamline the Department of Agriculture, reform the food stamp program and preserve the federal school lunch program. In 2006, T im e named him one of “America’s 10 Best Senators.”

Since the introduction of Beta Theta Pi’s Men o f Principle, this Phi Beta Kappa has been a working spokesman for the initiative, often taking valuable time from his Senate duties to interact with undergraduate Betas. Of his Fraternity, Senator Lugar said, “A Beta should be a man capable o f brotherhood and o f actually subordinating self-enrichment and self-promotion to boost another person and to bond for a relationship stretching for decades. ” Acknowledging Lugar’s leadership in foreign policy and pro-market agriculture policy, an Indiana journalist wrote, “Indiana’s senior senator remains a voice of reason with a global impact.” And columnist Marby Beth Schneider of The Indianapolis Star characterized Lugar as something of a Man for All Seasons. Though politically estranged from the senator, she con­ cluded, “Frankly, I’ve always considered Lugar a principled man.” Who better then to serve as Beta Theta Pi’s Men o f Principle spokesman?

Upon graduation from Denison, he was named a Rhodes Scholar and attended Pembroke College of Oxford University, receiving a master’s degree with honors. In the Navy, he was an intelligence briefing officer on the staff of the Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral Arleigh Burke.

An avid runner and fitness enthusiast, the 18-year-old freshman was confident of a bid from the Denison Betas. Surprisingly, he was cut and encouraged to visit other fraternities. Dubbed the “human dynamo,” the Eagle scout and 4.0 student only wanted to be a Beta.

“I had to pull up my socks, keep my chin up and move on. I worked hard, kept involved with the chapter, maintained good grades and the following semester, I was asked, nonchalantly, to join. ‘Of course,' I exclaimed. I had to work very hard to get to where I am today, and I am very proud to say that Beta Theta Pi has been there for me all along the way.”

Indeed she was. In his 1996 campaign for the Republican nomination for President, Betas for Lugar was founded to help. Undergraduates distributed signs and leaflets while alumni donated to the campaign. While unsuccessful, “I thank all the brothers who helped make my dreams of the Presidency come true. It just was not the time for me.” He was an early honoree of Beta Theta Pi’s cherished Oxford Cup, in 1989, the 13th so honored.

66

JOHN SOPINKA (1933-97), TORONTO 1958 Puisne (Associate) Justice, Supreme Court of Canada, 1988-97 John Sopinka, QC, was a Canadian lawyer and puisne justice on the Supreme Court of Canada — the first Beta and the first Ukrainian-Canadian to serve on Canada’s highest tribu­ nal (appointed by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.) He was a noted trial lawyer who was ap­ pointed directly to the Supreme Court without ever having served as a judge, the first ever to do so. Following his death, the next appointee also came directly from private practice.

Born in Broderick, Saskatchewan, to parents who had emigrated from the Ukraine, Sopinka lived there until his family moved to Hamilton, Ontario, where he completed secondary school at Saltfleet High School. He earned Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degrees at the University of Toronto.

While studying law, he played professional football as a receiver for the Toronto Argonauts and the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League in the late 1950s. Thereafter, the Ukranian lawyer was scarcely out of the limelight. He continued his enthusiasm for fitness throughout his life, regularly playing squash, tennis and golf.

Called to the Bar of Ontario In 1960, Sopinka practiced law in Toronto for 28 years, first with Fasken & Calven before becoming a senior partner at Stikeman Elliott. He was made Queen’s Counsel (QC) in 1975 and was a lecturer at both the Osgoode Hall Law School and the University of Toronto Faculty of Law. He also authored several books on the law.

Of the several high profile cases in which he was involved, two stand out. The first found him acting on behalf of Susan Nelles when she sued the government of Ontario and the Toronto police for malicious prosecution after the withdrawal of charges against her for murdering babies at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. An inquiry into her case exonerated her, and she won damages from the government for her ordeal.

The other, in 1986, was his representation of the Ukrainian Canadian Committee at the

“ The hum an

Deschenes Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals when he ar-

fa c e o f ju s tic e ,” Sopinka was noted fo r his defense o f the dow ntrodden and d isa d va n ta g ed .

gued against the deportation of suspected war criminals to their na­ tive lands, particularly the Soviet Union. He also represented playeragent Alan Eagleson, the Prime Minister of the Bahamas and the Agha Khan, spiritual leader of 20 million Ismaili Moslems.

Sopinka was surprised that Liberal Prime Minister Mulroney would choose him for the high court as he was known for the defense of Conservative Member of Parliament Sinclair Stevens who resigned from the cabinet amid allegations of conflict of interest. Sopinka’s

answer was that he'd been called a Tory when he had conservative clients and a Liberal when he had liberal clients, as are other lawyers.

Described as middle-of-the-road on social issues, he often sided with the underdog. “The right to full answer and defence is one of the pillars of criminal justice on which we heavily depend to ensure that the innocent are not convicted,” he was quoted.

Clearly sympathetic to the pro-life and pro-family movement, Justice Sopinka contested a 72 ruling of the Supreme Court that nobody can legally interfere with a pregnant woman whose behavior threatens her fetus. The court rejected the idea that a Winnipeg woman addicted to glue sniffing could be forcibly confined and treated in order to protect her unborn child.

BETA STATESMEN

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“The only law recognized is that of the born person," reads the majority decision. “Any right or interest the fetus may have remains incho­ ate and incomplete until the birth of the child.”

Only Sopinka and Justice John Major dis­ agreed. In their dissenting opinion Sopinka wrote, “The born alive rule is a legal anachro­ nism and should be set aside, at least for the purposes of this appeal."

In 1995, Sopinka cast the “swing vote” in the Egan and Nesbit case. James Egan and John Nesbit of Courteney, B.C., challenged the op­ posite sex definition of “spouse” as it is used in the Old Age Security Act. The Court ruled in a 5-4 decision that gay and lesbian couples won’t necessarily be entitlted to the same fed­ eral social benefits as heterosexual couples.

Sopinka wrote, “It is not realistic for the court to assume that there are unlimited funds to

John Sopinka, Toronto 1958

address the needs of all.”

He was a solid member of the majority group led by Chief Justice Antonio Lamer, writing more decisions for the Court than any other member except Lamer himself. While on the bench, he spoke out strongly against the prevailing belief that judges should not participate in public debate. In 1989, he gave a widely quoted speech asking, “Must a Judge be a monk?” and answered with an emphatic negative.

Sopinka died Nov. 24, 1997, of complications from a rare blood disease. In 1999, a new courthouse in downtown Hamilton was named in his honour. Upon his death, the Toronto Star described him as “the human face of justice.”

He authored several books on the law and was the co-author of a leading text on evidence, The Law o f Evidence in Canada.

Upon his death, Justice Minister John Nilson saluted the accomplishments of Justice Sopinka: “I knew Justice Sopinka for over 13 years and held him in the highest regard as a lawyer and Supreme Court Justice. He will be greatly missed as a great Canadian. His career was one of remarkable achievement,” Nilson added. “The country has lost a great jurist.”

Author Ian Hunter, professor emeritus, Faculty of Law, Western Ontario, wrote: “Sopinka is the only judge who appears to recognize a fundamental distinction between active and passive euthanasia.” Hunter described him as “a lawyer’s lawyer, incredibly tenacious, an aggressive litigator, a principled advocate, exceptionally bright; he didn’t suffer fools gladly but had a terrific love of laughter.”

The Sopinka Cup is a bilingual annual award at the National Trial Advocacy Competition to participating teams from Canadian law schools. The American College of Trial Lawyers spon­ sors the competition. The purpose of the event is to encourage law schools to train students in the art of oral advocacy. Said the American College of Trial Lawyers: “Justice Sopinka would be extremely pleased to have his name connected to a competition that has established a won­ derful and lasting tribute to this gifted advocate and justice.”

68

GUSTAVO J. VOLLMER (1923 ), CORNELL 1942 Chairman, World Boy Scout Foundation, 1977-90 Dr. Vollmer, a native of Caracas, Venezuela, is prominent internationally and one of that country’s top business executives. Said Tan Sri Kamarul Ariffin, chairman of the World Scout Committee, “Dr. Vollmer dedicated himself selflessly to the service and great cause of scouting from the very inception of the World Scout Foundation. 'j f l p j g j

After 13 years of his dynamic leadership, the W o r l d S c o u t F o u n d a t i o n w a s fu l l y p e r f o r m i n g t h e f u n c t i o n f o r w h i c h it w a s e s t a b l i s h e d . "

'

•

Founding president of Fey Alegria. 1980.

•

o p e r a t in g in five c o u n tr ie s , to h e lp c h ild r e n in

H

p o o r a re a s, /

by 1987, m o r e t h a n 100,000

y ° ur|g sters w e r e s u PPo r t ed by th e o r g a n iz a -

— ^

M b I

| H

n

tion.

Vollmer is f a t h e r to 10 children h im s elf.

His entrepreneurship is mind-boggling.

J L j

C o n s id e r e d o n e o f th e w o r ld 's to p citiz e n s .

V o l l m e r s a c h i e v e m e n t s in b u s i n e s s a n d c i v i c a f f a i r s h a v e a l m o s t a s t o r y b o o k q u a l i t y . It's s a i d th a t th e re a re fe w c o u n trie s o f the w o rld w h e r e

^

to p po litica l, g o v e r n m e n t a n d b u s in e s s le a d -

ers. as we ll as royalty, d o n o t k n o w of him a n d

Venezuela’s Gustavo J. Vollmer, Cornell 1942

welcome him with open arms.

Pledged to Beta at age 16, he won honors in e ng in ee rin g , starred in b aseball and

wrestlling, then returned to his native Venezuela to build one of his country’s great industrial empires. He is described as “dynamic, cheerful, outgoing, cosmopolitan and at ease in any situation.” He still swims and rides horseback in his late 80s.

Major among his many business enterprises are president of the famous sugar growing

A ing wor citizen, he founded Fe Alegria to help i •/ i • p o o rc ren in five countries J

'

and refining firm Central El Palmar, and chairman of Banco Mercantil, Venezuela’s second largest commercial bank. As of 2008, he conting koarc] mernker of Banco Mercantil and Mercantil Servicios Financieros. He has been president and/or director of insurance, metal, 1 mechanical, cement, ceramics, constructioin, industrial and beverage companies. He has presided over and been a director of companies

in Guatemala and Ecuador as well as a director of IBM, World Trade Americas and Far East, S.C. Johnson & Son de Venezuela and was a founding member of the International Advisory Committee of Chase Manhattan Bank.

For more than 50 years, he has been active in public and private education. He was president of several educational foundations and a life member of Fundacion Andres Bello, owner of the physical plant of Universidad Catolica Andres Bello in Caracas. He has been a member of the Cornell University Council since 1975 and Brigham and Women’s Hospital Council, Boston.

His service to the Boy Scout movement at all levels, national and international, is legendary; he was a member of the Boy Scouts World Committee for some 13 years and its first chairman.

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JOE M. ALLBAUGH, OKLAHOMA STATE 1974 FEMA Director on September 11, 2001 Unlike the somewhat tarnished reputation of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in the years since, the agency responded in exemplary fashion during the tragic attacks on Sept. 11, 2001, under the direction of Joe Allbaugh.

“That single day challenged our agency, my staff and me — indeed the nation — in a way nothing that came before it had ever done,” said Allbaugh. He had been FEMA director for barely six months when the multiple attacks shocked the nation. The attacks in three differ­ ent areas of the eastern U.S. tapped into every possible FEMA resource.

“For example,” he said, “New York City's fire department lost virtually its entire command structure when the buildings collapsed. In ef­ fect, at the most pressing time imaginable, those responsible for managing critical inci­ dents became victims themselves.

“We immediately dispatched experts from our Fire Training Academy to fill those vital shoes and put the department back together.

Also, our search and rescue teams arrived to j oe M. Allbaugh, Oklahoma State 1974 search, in those precious days, for signs of life.

“At the same time, mutual aid assistance agreements went into effect throughout the country, and hundreds of fire fighters and first responders literally came to the rescue of their brethren and the people of New York.

“Then came the volunteer citizens, ranging from therapists who gave massages, and rescue workers to those who staffed kitchens to keep the workers fed. Similar outpourings occurred

His m anagem ent after 9-11 is the standard by which others have been measured since . . . an d regrettably fallen fa r short.

in Pennsylvania and Washington, DC. "In all, more than 6,000 federal workers were deployed to New York a|one to support the response, about 1,300 from FEMA. And months later’ FEMA worked closely on the larger issue of national safety with ^he Office of Homeland Security.

“Ultimately, we distributed $3.5 billion to local jurisdictions for plannin9- equipment and exercises needed to meet the threat of terrorism.”

Regrettably, in the hectic months following Hurricane Katrina and

other disasters since Allbaugh was FEMA director, the agency’s effectiveness has been widely criticized. While he characterizes himself as someone who was just doing his job, most ob­ servers saw Allbaugh as uniquely equipped to deal with some of the most difficult challenges ever to face an individual or, indeed, the entire nation. A resident today in Austin, Texas, Joe Allbaugh was a 2002 recipient of Beta Theta Pi’s coveted Oxford Cup.

70

MICHAEL LYNN SYNAR (1950-96), OKLAHOMA 1972 U.S. Representative from Oklahoma, 1979-95; Democrat Born in Vinita, Okla.; Mike Synar graduated from the University of Oklahoma in 1972 and earned his LL.B. from the University’s Law Center in 1977. A Rotary International Scholar, he took a degree in economics at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1973 and an M.A. at Northwestern University in 1974. A rancher and real estate broker, he was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Muskogee, Okla., in 1976. He served in the U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1979-95. He was one of the managers appointed by the House to conduct im­ peachment proceedings against Alcee Lamar Hastings, judge of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida in 1988. Synar was chairman of the Campaign for America Project of the National Bankruptcy Review Comission and a resident of Washington, DC, until his death.

In the 1995 Profile in Courage award by the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation, Synar was described as “an American hero.” The award “recognizes displays of courage by individuals who, by acting in accord with their conscience, risk their careers or lives by pursuing a larger vision of the national interest in opposition to popular opinion or pressure from constituents.”

Often maligned and frequently at odds with the voters, Synar caused the nation to see tobacco as a children’s health threat just as menacing as the 1950s polio epidemic. He always said, “I never wanted a long career in Washington, just a distinguished one.” He got his wish.

In May 1979, Mike Synar was 28, a newly minted congressman from Oklahoma facing his first serious vote — a bill protecting vast areas of Alaskan wilderness from development. His background and his constituency clearly told him to oppose the measure. The National Rifle Association, with its 35,000 members in his district, lobbied against the bill, and the presidents of five different oil companies had called him personally and urged a no vote. His office was covered with maps of Alaska. The more Mike studied the issue, the more his views shifted. He concluded that the measure would give drillers the freedom to drill wherever they wanted. His advisors told him that his vote against the bill would assure him a brief career in Washington.

Acknowledging the risk, Mike declared, “It’s

“A n A m erican hero, he cau sed the nation to see tobacco as a ch ildren ’s health threat no less m enacing than the polio epidem ic o f the 1 9 5 0 s/' — John F. K ennedy F oun dation ’s 1995 “Profile in C ourage” honoree

the right thing to do!” In an interview with The Daily Oklahoman almost 15 years later, he reflected on that decision: “The tone and di­

mension and personality of this office started right there, that day.”

He served eight terms in the House of Representatives with a demeanor described as “demanding and devoted, hot-tempered and warm­ hearted, passionate and fearless, an obnoxious bully to some and a beloved buddy to others.”

The way he dealt with flak was to go home and explain himself, making his case at town halls, coffee shops and service club meetings.

Ultimately, however, his individualism cost him and, in 1994, he was ousted in the great Republican sweep when the GOP gained control of the House for the first time in 40 years.

Within months, he started suffering severe headaches. He was gulping down pain pills in May 1995 when he received the Profile in Courage award. That summer, he was diagnosed with brain cancer, and he died Jan. 9, 1996. He was 45.

Before his death, Mike accepted the Profile in Courage award in person. At the podium beside him were Senator Ted Kennedy and President John Kennedy’s children. “In his 16

BETA STATESMEN

71

years as a U.S. Congressman from Okla­ homa,” the citation read, “Michael L. Synar dis­ tinguished himself for his unwavering com­ mitment to serve the public interest, no matter how powerful the foe or great the political risk.

A leader of the anti-smoking forces in Con­ gress, Synar introduced legislation to restrict advertising of tobacco products and to include tobacco in products regulated by the Food and Drug Administration and saw his bill pass re­ quiring a warning label on sm okeless to ­ bacco.

“He led the campaign for public land reform and called on ranchers and mining and tim­ ber companies to pay fair market value for their use of federal lands. Also, he single-handedly challenged the 1985 Gramm-Rudman deficit reduction plan and the legality of key provi­ sions of the bill, which were later declared un­ Michael Lynn Synar, Oklahoma 1972 constitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. “In 1994 Synar paid the price for his commitment to the public interest when he lost his bid for a ninth term, succumbing to the cumulative efforts of a controversial voting record often at odds with his rural constituency and to relentless efforts of powerful special interests to unseat him.”1 As a youth, Mike joined 4-H and entered his first speech contest at age nine. By the time he enrolled at the University of Oklahoma, the five-foot, five-inch fireball from Muskogee already had a statewide reputation as a debater. When the Norman campus boiled over in outrage, when four Kent State anti-war protesters were shot down by National Guard troops, Mike was chosen by student government to help mediate between student activists and the governor.

“They sent me,” he recalled, “because I was the frat guy with short hair.”

After five years in graduate school — a master’s from Northwestern, a Rotary fellowship in Scotland and a law degree from Oklahoma — he ran for Congress from the 2nd district that covers the entire northeastern corner of Oklahoma — conservative, poor, populist, hating every­ thing big . . . big government, big oil, big business. It was a district ready-made for Mike, where the champion of the little guy could flourish.

As he prepared for the move to Washington, people admonished, “Go back there and don’t change, Mike.” He didn't. Instead he developed a trait that marked his career — a willingness to tell people things they didn’t want to hear.

“You have to decide whether you’re going to be an Oklahoma congressman or a congress­ man from Oklahoma,” he insisted. To Mike, the choice was clear; he would be a congressman from Oklahoma. As a result, he became known as candid and principled.

Mike grew more and more into the gadfly role, even reveled in it. The bigger the fight, the stronger the enemy, the more he liked it. He never took donations from political action commit­ tees (PACs). When he spent $173,000 for his first campaign, he was shocked to learn that many of his new colleagues had spent $500,000 or more. Ultimately, his well-financed en­ emies — tobacco, oil, the NRA — overpowered him. But in the end, Mike provided his own epitaph: “I have a responsibility to move my district, my state, my country forward.”

1Profiles in Courage for Our Time, by Caroline Kennedy, Hyperion, N. Y.

72

THE OTHER SEVEN FOUNDERS Each in his own way, the founders o f Beta Theta Pi were to be admired for their patriotism and devotion to the furtherance o f the human spirit. Indeed, three served with distinction in the Civil War, 1861-65. In that conflict and its aftermath, the performance o f Alpha chapter’s first presi­ dent, John Holt Duncan, was especially meritorious. Only James George Smith, whose lot it was to die before age 30, was unable to fully fulfill his life’s destiny. Likewise, Michael Clarkson Ryan was in uniform but died before he saw action, in 1861 at the age o f 41.

JOHN REILY KNOX (1820-98), M IA M I 1839

Fraternity’s president, 1893-97.

Number one on the rolls of the Fraternity,

tending the Convention in 1891: “It is not con­

John Reily Knox, of ever honored memory, was

ceivable that any young Beta who, during that

born in Butler County, Ohio. He graduated first

convention week, met John Reily Knox, heard

Wrote a young Beta undergraduate after at­

in his class with an A.B., then studied law while

his voice, looked into his calm, reposeful,

he taught school in Mississippi, 1841-42, was

gentle countenance, felt the influence of his

admitted to the bar at Greenville, Ohio, in 1843,

sincere honorable nature, could ever forget

and settled there to practice, 1843-52, at Day­

the experience. For the gentle old man was

ton, Ohio, 1852-56, back to Greenville in 1856.

not just a country lawyer who, by the chance of

Pater Knox was a trustee of Miami Univer­

fortune, had come to survive his fellows in the

sity, 1859-64 and 1869-98. In 1860, he was a

history of a college fraternity, Pater Knox was

presidential elector. He married Isabel S.

and is a symbol as well as a man.”

Briggs, November, 1845, and they had four children. He died in Greenville, Feb. 7, 1898.

While a student, Founder Samuel Taylor

SAMUEL TAYLOR MARSHALL (1812-95), M IA M I 1840

Marshall said Knox was “studious, notably

Often considered the primary force in the

modest, manly and a splendid character in

founding of Beta Theta Pi, Taylor Marshall, of

every way. He did not take to athletics, not be­

ever honored memory, was the oldest of the

ing a rugged boy, and seldom played football.

eight founders. He took the initiative by taking

His college life was dead level on a high plane, and he always stood high with the faculty. ”

a handful of $10 gold pieces to a Cincinnati jeweler who fashioned them into the first Beta

Knox said: "Mutual support and assistance,

badges for the eight men, and he and Knox

absolute faith and confidence in each other, and

labored many hours to produce the Fraternity’s

progress in knowledge and scholarship were

first constitution. Marshall studied the law and

the fundamental ideas on which we built. Let

practiced in Lee County, Iowa, until his death.

each brother be as ready to assist as he would

Born in Butler County, Ohio, he shared a

wish the brother to be of whom in the hour of

room in the west wing of Old Main with James

need he would ask assistance. Bear our prin­

George Smith. As an undergraduate, “I was

ciples, our motto, our badge to the utmost

really an athlete, could beat anybody playing football. I did many tricks in which I was gen­

bounds o f the land, and proud I am to think that you will bear them honorably and nobly. ” Knox said that he never expected Beta Theta Pi to become what she had. He served on the Board of Trustees, 1892-97, and was the

erally discovered. I was always doing some­ thing a little out o f the ordinary. I never denied to the professors what I did. ” Years later, as an aging lawyer in Iowa, he

BETA STATESMEN

73

was sole possessor of the original Beta con­ s titu tio n , signed “S.T. M arshall, o rig in a l founder.” Knox conceded that Marshall came to him with the idea of a fraternity.

After graduation, Marshall joined a large body of men who called themselves The Patriots and fought in the Canadian Rebellion, against the warning of the U.S. President and a proc­ lamation of neutrality. For his actions and mili­ tary zeal, he was commissioned as a lieuten­ ant colonel. He and a comrade were captured and imprisoned for a time.

Marshall returned home, and soon after be­ gan to read law. He completed his studies in the office of Pettit and Orth, Lafayette, Ind., and returned to Ohio. In December 1842, he moved to Lee County and practiced law at West Point.

Four years later, he moved to Keokuk, Iowa.

He and his wife Louisa Patterson had 10 chil­ dren. He was editor of the Keokuk Nlpantuck.

He never aspired to political honors but was an uncompromising Democrat all his life, re­ porting to the Beta magazine in 1884 that he was “devoting a good deal of time and energy to seeing to it that the Democratic party tri­ umphed in the current campaign.”

Clockwise, from top left: Founders Knox, Marshall, Duncan and Linton mon conversation he seldom dem urred or contradicted his opponent, but he answered with a laugh, and we all knew that when he listened and laughed, he did not agree with the speaker. He laughed his opponent out of court. He was a ‘laughing philosopher.

Along with Knox and Ryan, he graduated on

DAVID LINTON (1815-89) M IA M I 1839

the day of the Fraternity’s founding, Aug. 8, 1839. After graduating from Cincinnati Law

Born near Wilmington, Ohio, David Linton,

School in 1840, he practiced in Wilmington,

of ever honored memory, came from a family

Ohio, where he was prosecuting attorney,

with forebears in Cumberland County, En­

1845-47, and served in the Ohio senate, 1851 -

gland. Founder S.T. Marshall described Linton

55.

as “broad shouldered and chunky, raised on

Linton was an able lawyer. When elected to

a farm. He was a little older than any in our

the bench, he was greatly liked. It was reported

class save me. He was a good debater, a think­

that he filled the office of judge not only well,

ing man and was very methodical. ”

but he had no superior in the county. Had he

On another occasion, Marshall wrote: “We

been a more aggressive politician, he could

sometimes called him our ‘silent philosopher’

have had the highest office in the state, but he

because he talked but little, but his judgment

was hopelessly honest. In 1867, Linton be­

was very mature. Even on the playground,

came Linn County Probate Court judge. Well

where all was noise and loud talk and fuss, he

respected and deeply admired, Judge Linton’s

seldom said a word but laughed almost con­

poor health forced his retirement in 1869. He

tinuously. He seldom read any fiction and

retired to his farm in Linn County. On Aug. 10,

looked upon the novel as lost labor. In com-

1889, Linton died in Pleasanton, Kan.

74

JAMES GEORGE SMITH (1819-49), M IA M I 1840

JOHN HOLT DUNCAN (1820-96) M IA M I 1840

“He was a pale, studious, quiet fellow in deli­

Born in Cynthiana, Ky., John Duncan, o f ever

cate health,” recorded Founder Marshall. “I

honored memory, was the first president of

never saw such an eater in my life, and he

Alpha chapter. Of the undergraduate Duncan,

never took physical exercise. Whatever les­ son he prepared he understood and could

S.T. Marshall said: “John Holt was a South­ erner, the best dressed boy in the class and

parse to the last single letter and word. He never

the best appearing young gentleman in the whole college (which numbered some 150

forgot to be a gentleman, but took no pride in

students.) But he couldn’t study mathematics.

dress, though well off financially. ”

In other departments, he stood well. ”

“Leb” or “Jimmie George" Smith, o f ever

After practicing law in Mississippi, Duncan moved to Bexar County, Texas, and became a

honored memory, as his friends and brothers called him, was born on a farm six miles east

judge. With the war, he was called to service in

of Lebanon, Ohio. He was the first to serve as

the Confederate cavalry and fought in bitter

secretary of Alpha chapter of Beta Theta Pi.

campaigns in Missouri and Arkansas. His regi­

Upon graduation, he took up farming in

ment made a raid into the Union-held territory

Powhattan County, Va. He died in 1849 at age

of Southwestern Missouri on Sept. 30, 1862.

30 near Lebanon of smallpox, the same fever

Captain Duncan was wounded in his right leg while “gallantly charging the enemy.” To save

in their neighborhood that claimed his mother only a few days earlier. His doctor claimed that

him, surgeons amputated the leg; but they could not transport him, and he was left with a

Smith’s life could have been saved excepting for his grief and shock over his mother’s death.

family at a nearby farmhouse, The farmer, a Confederate soldier, came

His niece, Edith W. Smith of Denver, Colo.,

i

was the family historian and communicated

I

often with the Fraternity in Oxford. While she shared a number of letters, the college note­ book and other papers in his handwriting, no photograph of the founder has ever been located.

v

Smith’s close accounting of his col-

I

lege expenses proved valuable in the

ily. The penalty for harboring Confederates was death. The troops dragged Duncan and the farmer outside, stood them against the barn and shot the farmer. They would have killed Duncan, too, had the farmer’s weeping widow and children not pleaded for his life. The relic of his remarkable hero­ ism, a rustic hand-hewn wooden leg (left),

history of the college, for example, “Passage to Oxford, $2.75; the book O edipus o f S ophocles,

home on leave. Days later, Union cavalry found Duncan with the farmer and his fam­

is in the Beta Theta Pi Museum and Ar­

$1.25;

chives at the Administrative Office, Oxford,

matches, 12“ cents; one towel, 50 cents; haircut, 25 cents; for hire of horse, $2.00; boarding, $20.00; tuition fee,

H

$12.00,” etc. His reputation for such ex-

w

actness earned him the office of trea­

Ohio.

After the war, Duncan settled in Houston, Texas, practiced law and was city attorney and recorder and county clerk. He earned a good income but lived frugally. He never married

mencement to his parents, along with funds

and died in an old soldier’s home virtually pen­ niless, because he had devoted his life and earnings to support the widow and educate

to cover the travel cost. They made the trip.

the children of the farmer who died for him.

surer of the Union Literary Society. He sent a long letter of invitation to his 1840 college com­

BETA STATESMEN

75

MICHAEL CLARKSON RYAN (1820-61), M IA M I 1839 Born in Lancaster, Pa., Michael Ryan, of ever honored memory, graduated from Cincinnati Law School in 1842 and practiced in Hamilton, Ohio, some 10 miles from Oxford.

Of Ryan, S.T. Marshall, said: “Mike was a splendid fellow, whole-souled and all heart; had more heart than half a dozen boys ought to have. He had fits and starts o f study and was kind o f an athlete, too. ” Ryan was admitted COL R1AVS to the bar o f B u tler County, Ohio, becom­ T>f ing the partner of his THE IHV AEEflS ARE UPON IISI brother-in-law. He was prosecuting attorney of OHIO m U N T EER S! I lit- found • Butler County, 184852, and clerk of county courts, 1852-58.

A fre q u e n t c o rre ­ spondent with Found­ er Knox, Ryan tried to persuade him to move to Hamilton, telling him, “Business is very brisk in town now. You might stand on the public square any hour in the day and you could not see a single wagon.” He loved books and col­ lected a large, valuable private library.

With the outbreak of war, he mustered the 50th Ohio Volunteers and was its command­ ing officer as a colonel. He died at age 41 before he had a chance for service in the field.

THOMAS BOSTON GORDON (1816-91), M IA M I 1840 One of 10 children, Tom Gordon, o f ever honored memory, was born in Elbert County, Ga. He and his two older brothers were en­ rolled at Miami. “He put all his cash into a horse and rode (from Georgia), carrying his entire outfit in a pair of leather saddle pockets” Of Gordon, Alpha chapter’s second presi­ dent Taylor Marshall said: “As studious a boy as could be found, he was a vigorous debater and hard worker, a critical scholar and loved literature. He came from a wealthy family but wore as poor clothes as he could pick up. I don’t believe I ever saw him with a necktie on.

Founders Ryan, left, and Gordon. No photo­ graph has been found of James George Smith.

He played football and was full o f energy. ” After graduation, he taught school in Decatur, Ga., read law with Judge King at Forsythe, Ga., was admitted to the bar in 1842 and received an M.A. from Miami University. Moving to Bath County, Ky., in 1848, he went on to Owingsville in 1851, where he was a county judge. He and his wife Frances moved with their two chil­ dren to a farm in Bath County, traveling in a buggy.

In the War, he was a Confederate captain in a confidential position with Johnson's Bri­ gade. He lost everything in the war, returned to his farm and resumed teaching. While visit­ ing his son Angus, at Kentucky State Univer­ sity, Lexington, he died at age 75.

. . . AND HENRY HUNTER JOHNSON? The familiar phrase, “It was the eighth day of the eighth month and there were eight of them, ” has always referred to the aforementioned men. Yet references prior to 1900 often re­ ferred to the founders as “the original nine” — implying that Henry Hunter Johnson, Miami 1840, #9, James George Smith’s cousin, was possibly intended to be among the founders.

Indeed, som e re fe re n ce s su g g e st th a t Johnson was to be initiated with Thomas Bos­ ton Gordon; however, records show that he was not formally inducted until fall 1839 Samuel Taylor Marshall said, “(Johnson) never had any childhood; he was a boy o f so­ ber thought, naturally religious, instinctively so. He was o f a cheerful disposition withal and a nice companion.”

76

H P - - UNITED STATES SENATORS* STANLEY MATTHEWS (1824-89), C IN C I N N A T I 1842 Senator fro m Ohio, 1877-79; R epublican A ssociate Justice, U.S. Suprem e Court, 1881-89 Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, July 21, 1824; graduated from Kenyon College; studied law; admit­ ted to the bar, practiced law in Maury County, Tenn., 1842; returned to Cincinnati, 1844; ap­ pointed assistant prosecuting attorney, Hamilton County, 1845; editor, Cincinnati Herald, 184649; clerk of State house of representatives, 1848-50; judge, court of common pleas, Hamilton County, 1850-52; State senate, 1850-57; U.S. district attorney for Southern Ohio, 1858-61; rose to brigadier general in 57th Ohio Volunteers in Civil War; resumed law practice, 1864; unsuc­ cessful candidate for House of Representatives, 1876; elected to U.S. Senate to fill vacancy by resignation of John Sherman, 1877-79; not a candidate for renomination, 1878; appointed by President Rutherford Hayes as Associate Justice, U.S. Supreme Court, 1881, but not con­ firmed; renominated by President James Garfield, confirmed, 1881-89; died in Washington, DC. In 1846, Matthews was so passionate in opposing slavery that he abandoned his law prac­ tice and took charge of the Cincinnati Herald, a daily newspaper devoted to the anti-slavery cause. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he promptly offered his services to the governor of Ohio.

As colonel of the 51st Ohio, he saw action in West Virginia and with the Army of the Cumberland in Tennessee. While still in service, he was elected one of the judges of the Cincinnati superior court. One of his two colleagues on the bench was George Hoadly, Western Reserve 1844.

Later, in 1876, he won a national reputation as a Republican counsel before the electoral commission where, incidentally, he was opposed by Hoadly.

Justice Matthews was described by The Beta Theta Pi as “an ardent Beta who was the orator of the 1873 convention. While a profound lawyer, he was courteous and anxious to hear every side of a case. . . . He delivered some of the most important and popular opinions of the court.”

MILTON SLOCUM LATHAM (1827-82), J E F F E R S O N (W & J ) 1843 Senator fro m California, 1860-63; R epresentative fr o m California, 1853-55; G overnor o f California, 1859-60; L ecom pton D em ocrat, D em ocrat Born in Columbus, Ohio; pursued classical studies at Jefferson College (later Washington & Jefferson); moved to Russell County, Ala., 1845; taught school; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1848; circuit court clerk, 1848-50; moved to San Francisco, Calif., 1850; clerk of recorder’s court, 1850; district attorney, Sacramento, 1851; U.S. House of Representatives, 1853-55; declined renomination; collector, Port of San Francisco, 1855-57; Governor of California, 185960; U.S. Senate, 1860-63; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; practiced law in San Fran­ cisco; manager, London & San Francisco Bank, 1865-78; moved to New York City, 1879; presi­ dent, New York Mining and Stock Exchange; died in New York City.

Having the distinction of the shortest governorship in California history, only five days, Latham was the second Governor to resign in office after appointing himself to the U.S. Senate, in his *Listings are chronological based on the member’s class (year o f graduation.) For alphabetical listings, see the Index. All Congressional biographies are based on and generally excerpted intact from the website, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.

BETA STATESMEN

77

Since the earliest days o f the Fraternity, Beta Theta Pi has been strongly represented in the governments o f North America, including almost 200 members in the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives. Above: a joint session o f the United States Congress on the occasion o f a State of the Union address by President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s. case to fill a vacancy created by the death of Senator David C. Broderick from a duel. It was said at the time that Latham was the youngest man who had ever been a member of the Senate.

Since the beginning of the 1850s, issues regarding slavery had effectively split the state Democratic Party. Initially divided by pro-slavery Chivalrists and anti-slavery Free Soilers, by 1857, the party had split into the LeCompton and Anti-Lecompton factions. Lecompton mem­ bers supported the Kansas Lecompton Constitution, a document explicitly allowing slavery into the territory, while anti-Lecompton members opposed slavery’s expansion.

During the 1859 election, Lecompton Democrats voted Latham, who had briefly lived in the South, as their nominee for Governor. Anti-Lecomptons chose John Currey as their nominee.

Despite the party split and a Republican candidate, businessman Leland Stanford (namesake of Stanford University), Latham won the election with 60 percent of the vote.

JAMES HARLAN (1820-99), D E P A U W 1845 Senator fro m Iowa, 1855-65, 1867-73; Secretary o f the Interior, 1865-66; W hig1, F ree Soil, Republican For his complete biography, see page 4.

1Whig: recalls the British term for those who opposed the monarchy

78

OLIVER HAZARD PERRY THROCK MORTON (1823-77), M I A M I 1845 Senator from Indiana, 1867-77; G overnor o f Indiana, 1861-67; R epublican Born in Salisbury, Wayne County, Ind.; worked as a hatter for four years; attended Wayne County Seminary and Miami University; studied law; admitted to the bar, practiced in Centerville, Ind. 1847; elected judge, 6th judicial circuit of Indiana, 1852; unsuccessful Republican candi­ date for Governor, 1856; lieutenant governor, 1860-61; upon the election of the governor to the U.S. Senate, Morton became Governor of Indiana, serving 1861-67; U.S. Senate, 1867 until his death in 1877; chairman, Committee on Manufacturers, 1869-71; Committee on Agriculture, 1872-77; Electoral Commission, 1877; died in Indianapolis.

NEWTON BOOTH (1825-92), D E P A U W 1846 Senator fro m California, 1875-81; G overnor o f California, 1871-74; R epublican Born in Salem, Ind.; graduated as valedictorian from Indiana Asbury (DePauw) University, 1846; admitted to the bar, 1850; moved in 1850 to California, engaged in the wholesale grocery business in Sacramento; returned to Terre Haute, Ind., 1857, and practiced law until 1860; returned to Sacramento and again engaged in mercantile pursuits; State senate, 1863-64; Governor of California, 1871-74, resigned, having been elected as an Anti-Monopolist to the U.S. Senate, 1875-81; not a candidate for reelection; chairman, Committee on Manufacturers, 1877-79; returned to wholesale mercantile business in Sacramento where he died.

BENJAMIN GRATZ BROWN (1826-86), T R A N S Y L V A N IA 1846 Senator fro m Kentucky, 1863-67; G overnor o f M issouri, 1871-73; Republican L iberal R epublican C andidate f o r Vice President, 1872 For his complete biography, see page 6.

JOSEPH EWING MCDONALD (1819-91), D E P A U W /I N D I A N A 1849 Sen ator fro m Indiana, 1875-81; R epresentative, 1849-51; D em ocrat Born in Butler County, Ohio; moved with his mother to Montgomery County, Ind., 1826; ap­ prenticed to saddler’s trade at age of 12 in Lafayette, Ind.; attended Wabash College; gradu­ ated from Indiana Asbury (DePauw) University, 1849; studied law in Lafayette, admitted to the bar, 1843; prosecuting attorney for Tippecanoe County, 1843-47; moved to Crawfordsville, Ind., 1847, where he practiced law until 1859; U.S. House of Representatives, 1849-1851; not a candidate for renomination, 1850; Indiana Attorney General, 1856-60; moved to Indianapolis, Ind., 1859; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Governor of Indiana, 1864; U.S. Senate, 1875-1881; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; chairman, Committee on Public Lands,

Indiana honors fa vo rite sons Two of the principal parks in Indianapolis are honored with the statues of two prominent Betas of the 19th century. In the principal park of the city, toward which some of its streets are directed, and in its center stands the statue of O.P Morton, Miami 1845, (see biography at top o f page) Indiana's war governor. In another park is a statue of Schuyler Colfax, DePauw 1843, (see page 12) which was erected a short time later by the benevolence and patriotism of the people of Indiana and the International Order of Odd Fellows. In their respective parks, they are the only statues.

Both men were loyal Betas. — The Beta Theta Pi, April 1888

BETA STATESMEN

79

1879-81; member, Judiciary Committee; died in Indianapolis.

In the Senate, McDonald made the principal argument against the count of the election vote of Louisiana before the electoral commission in 1876. He was one of the Senate committee which visited New Orleans in 1876 and investigated the count of the vote of Louisiana. He was also on a committe to investigate election fraud in Massachusetts and Rhode Island.

His obituary, published in The Beta Theta Pi, January 1892, recalled that “Mr. McDonald was strong in his friendships, kind and courteous to all and when he died everyone felt that a great and good man had passed away.”

DANIEL WOOLSEY VOORHEES (1827-97), D E P A U W 1849 Senator fro m Indiana, 1877-97; Representative, 1861-66, 1869-73; D em ocrat Born in Liberty Township, Ohio; moved with his parents to Indiana in early childhood; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1851; practiced law in Covington, Ind.; moved to Terre Haute, Ind., and practiced law; unsuccessful candidate for election in 1856; U.S. dis­ trict attorney, Indiana, 1858-61; U.S. House of Representatives, 18611866, 1869-73; appointed and later elected in 1877 to the U.S. Senate to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Beta brother “Oliver H.RT. Morton, Miami 1845; U.S. Senate, 1877-97; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1896; chairman, Committee on the Library, 1879-81; Com­ mittee on Finance, 1891-93. Frequently depicted in political cartoons, he died in Washington, DC. Daniel Voorhees . . . the tall sycamore o f the Wabash"

Historian Kenneth Stamp (Indiana Politics during the Civil War, 1949) captured the Copperhead spirit of Indiana’s Voorhees: “There was an , . . . . . . earthy quality in Voorhees, the tall sycamore of the Wabash. On the stump his hot temper, passionate partisanship and stirring eloquence

made an irresistible appeal to the western democracy. His bitter cries against protective tariffs and national banks . . . his devotion to personal liberty, his defense of the Constitution and state rights faithfully reflected the views of his constituents.”

ALONZO JAY EDGERTON (1827-1896), W E S L E Y A N 1850 Senator fro m M innesota, 1881; Republican Born in Rome, N.Y., graduated Wesleyan University; studied law, admitted to the bar, 1855; commenced practice in Mantorville, Minn.; prosecuting attorney, Dodge County, Minn.; State senate, 1858-59; during the Civil War, served in the Union’s 10th Minnesota Volunteer Regi­ ment, 1862-67, rising to brigadier general; State railroad commissioner, 1871-75; State sen­ ate, 1877-79; moved to Kasson, Minn., 1878; appointed to the U.S. Senate to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of William Windom, 1881; when a successor was elected, he was appointed chief justice, Territorial Supreme Court of Dakota, 1884-89; upon admission of South Dakota as a state he was made U.S. judge of that district; president, constitutional convention of South Dakota; S.D.; died at Sioux Falls.

MATTHEW STANLEY QUAY (1833-1904), J E F F E R S O N (W & J ) 1850 Sen ator fr o m P ennsylvania, 1887-99, 1901-04; R epu blican; F irst m em ber o f Beta Theta P i to be aw arded the M edal o f H onor For his complete biography, see page 7.

80

JOHN BROWN GORDON (1832-1904), G E O R G IA 1853 S enator fro m Georgia, 1890-96; G overnor o f G eorgia, 1886-90; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 10.

JAMES WILSON MCDILL (1834-94), M I A M I 1853 Sen ator fro m Iowa, 1881-83; R epresentative, 1873-77; R epublican Born in Monroe, Ohio; after graduation studied law at Columbus, Ohio; admitted to the bar in 1856; moved to Afton, Iowa, and commenced practice; superintendent of schools, Union County, Iowa, 1859; county judge, 1860; clerk, U.S. Senate committee on the District of Columbia, 1861; clerk, office of the third auditor of the Treasury Department, 1861-1865; circuit judge, 2ndDistrict of the 3rd Judicial Circuit of Iowa, 1868; district judge, 3rd Judicial Circuit of Iowa; U.S. House of Representatives, 1873-77; Board of Railway Commissioners of Iowa, 1878-81; appointed to U.S. Senate, to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Samuel J. Kirkwood, 1881-83; Interstate Commerce Commission, 1892-94; died in Creston, Iowa.

CHARLES JAMES FAULKNER (1847-1929) V IR G IN IA M IL I T A R Y I N S T I T U T E /V I R G I N I A 1868 Senator fro m West Virginia, 1887-99; D em ocrat Born in Martinsburg, Va. (now West Virginia); accompanied his father, U.S. Minister to France, 1859; attended schools in Paris and Switzerland; returned to U.S. at age 15, entered Virginia Military Institute, 1862-64, serving with the cadets at the historic Battle of New Market; gradu­ ated, law department, University of Virginia, 1868; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Martinsburg; judge of 13th judicial circuit, 1880; U.S. Senate, 1887-99; chairman, Committee on Territories, 1893-95; member, International Joint High Commission of the U.S. and Britain, 1898; returned to law practice in Martinsburg and Washington, DC, and to managing agricul­ tural interests; died at family estate “Boydville,” near Martinsburg. His father, Charles James Faulkner, was a member of the U.S. Congress, 1851-59 and 1875-79.

JOSEPH RALPH BURTON (1853-1923), H A N O V E R 1873 Sen ator fro m K ansas, 1901-07; R epublican Born near Mitchell, Ind.; attended DePauw University and Hanover College; studied law, commenced law practice in Princeton, Ind., 1875; moved to Abilene, Kan., 1878; State house of representatives, 1882-87; W orld’s Fair Columbian Commission at Chicago, 1893; U.S. Senate, 1901-07; chairman, Committee on For­ est Reservations and Game Protection, 1901-05; convicted of illegally receiving compensation, Rialto Grain Co., St. Louis, and served six months in prison, 1906, the first case of a Senator so imprisoned; Burton blamed his conviction on alleged hostility of President Teddy Roosevelt and the “sugar trust,” claiming his fight on the Cuban reci­ procity bill had brought down the wrath of the sugar men; engaged in the newspaper business in Abilene; died in Los Angeles, Calif.

An article in the Topeka Daily Capital, upon Burton’s election to the Senate, noted, “If there is one quality more pronounced than any other in the mental make-up of the coming senator from Kansas, it is his dogged persistence. J.R. Burton never gives up. Defeat but stirs him to greater endeavor. . . . Statesman, orator, lawyer

BETA STATESMEN

81

and man of affairs, (he) will make a place for himself in the United States Senate among the leaders of that body... . (He) is one of the very few men of national reputation who have not been stampeded by false issues. He may lose all his cash; he has never lost his head. And men trust him because he is wise, prudent, steadfast and courageous.”

MARTIN NELSON JOHNSON (1850-1909), IO W A 1873 S enator fro m North D akota, 1909; R epresentative, N.D., 1891-99; R epublican Born in Racine County, Wis., moved with parents to Decorah, Iowa; graduated in law, Univer­ sity of Iowa, 1873; taught at California Military Academy, Oakland, Calif., 1873-75; returned to Iowa; admitted to the bar, 1876; commenced practice, Decorah; State house of representatives, 1877; State senate, 1878-82; moved to Dakota Territory, 1882, and farmed; prosecuting attor­ ney, Nelson County, 1886-90; constitutional convention of North Dakota, 1889; unsuccessful candidate for election to U.S. Senate, 1890; U.S. House of Representatives, 1891-99; unsuc­ cessful candidate for election to the U.S. Senate, 1899; U.S. Senate, 1909; chairman, Commit­ tee to Investigate Trespassers Upon Indian Lands, 1909-11; died in office in Petersburg, N.D.

JOSEPH LAFAYETTE RAWLINS (1850-1926), IN D IA N A 1874 Senator from Utah, 1897-1903; H ouse o f Representatives, 1893-95; D em ocrat Born at Mill Creek, Utah; attended University of Utah; graduated, Indiana University; professor, University of Deseret, Salt Lake City, 187375; studied law, admitted to the bar, 1875, commenced practice in Salt Lake City; U.S. House of Representatives, 1893-95; unsuccessful can­ didate for reelection; U.S. Senate, 1897-1903; unsuccessful candi­ date for renomination; continued practice of law; withdrew from public life and business, 1921; died in Salt Lake City.

BOIES PENROSE (1860-1921) H A R V A R D /P E N N S Y L V A N I A 1881 S en ator fro m P ennsylvania, 1897-1921, R epublican Born in Philadelphia, Pa.; Harvard University, 1881; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1883; commenced practice in Philadelphia; State house of representatives, 1884-86; State senate, 1886-97; president pro tempore, 1889-91; U.S. Senate, 1897-1921; chairman, Committee on Immigration, 1899-1903, 1909-11; Committee on Education and La­ bor, 1906-09; Committee on Finance, 1911-13, 1919-21; Committee on Additional Accommodations for the Library, 1913-19; authored His­ tory o f the City Government o f Philadelphia; died in Washington, DC. Senator Penrose was so proud of his Beta connection to the Univer­ sity of Pennsylvania that, at a Beta convention, he petitioned and had his name transferred from Harvard chapter to the rolls of the University of Pennsylvania chapter.

Harvard’s Penrose

Always considered the protege of Civil War hero Matthew S. Quay, Jefferson (W&J) 1850, (see page 7), Penrose later succeeded to all

the power of his Beta mentor. Upon his death, a Senate colleague said, “Senator Penrose's place cannot be filled. The reason is plain. He spent more than a generation as a public man

82 and devoted not part of each day or month or year to his public work but his entire time. . . .

Measured from every angle, Senator Penrose was truly great, and assuredly the world is poorer for his having left it.”

Newspaper editorials heralded the man. Reported one: “An American to the core, with his admirable clarity of mind and full knowledge of the needs of American industry, commerce and finance, Senator Penrose, up to the very hour when his illness became grave, labored stoutly and wisely for the benefit of the nation.” Echoed another: “Able, determined and unflagging, he presented character and purpose rarely found in a public servant whose motives, purposes and actions were so long subjects for the crucible of public opinion.”

NORRIS BROWN (1863-1960), IO W A 1883 Sen ator fro m N ebraska, 1907-13, R epublican Born in Maquoketa, Iowa; admitted to bar, 1884; commenced practice in Perry, Iowa; moved to Kearney, Neb., 1888; prosecuting attorney, Buffalo County, 1892-96; deputy attorney general, Nebraska, 1900-04; attorney general, Nebraska, 1904-06; U.S. Senate, 1907-1913; unsuc­ cessful candidate for renomination, 1912; chairman, Committee on Patents, 1909-13; re­ sumed law practice, Omaha, Neb., 1913-42; retired, moved to Seattle, Wash.; died at age 96.

Known as “the father of the U.S. income tax,” Brown introduced the resolution which sent the 16th Amendment, legalizing the income tax, to the states for ratification. It became law in February 1913.

BENJAMIN MITCHELL WILLIAMSON (1864-1941), B E T H A N Y 1886 Sen ator fro m K entucky, 1930-31; D em ocrat Born in White Post, Ky., Oct. 16, 1864; hardware business, Catlettsburg, Ky., 1886-1924; also banking and coal mining; a founder of Kentucky Crippled Children’s Commission, president, 1924-41; Kentucky board of charities and correction, 1929-30; director, International Society for Crippled Children; U.S. Senate, 1930-31, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Frederic M. Sackett; not a candidate for reelection; resumed wholesale hardware business, Ashland, Ky., with residence in Catlettsburg; died in Cincinnati.

WILLIAM EDGAR BORAH (1865-1940), K A N S A S 1889 Senator fro m Idaho, 1907-40; R epublican For his complete biography, see page 16.

HOWARD SUTHERLAND (1865-1950), W E S T M IN S T E R 1889 Senator fro m West Virginia, 1917-23; Representative, 1913-17; Republican Born near Kirkwood, Mo.; edited a daily and weekly newspaper at Fulton, Mo.; moved to Washington, DC, 1890; employed in Census Office; studied law at Columbian (now George Washington) Univer­ sity, Washington, DC; moved to Elkins, W.V., 1893; engaged in coal and railroad business, later also in the timberland business; State senate, 1908-12; U.S. House of Representatives, 1913-17; U..S. Sen­ ate, 1917-23; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1922; chairman, Committee on the Census, 1919-21; Committee on Enrolled Bills, Senator Sutherland

1921-23; resumed former business activities, Elkins; vice president, West Virginia Board of Trade; chairman, West Virginia Good Roads

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83

When does a “b u rglary” becom e a bonanza?

Senator William E. Borah, Kansas 1889, claimed that his state of Idaho is so good that even the people who get cheated within its smiling domain make money by the transaction. On his way from Washington after the adjournment of the 1911 session of Congress, he was introduced to an Eastern woman who immediately began to tell a long, sad story about the robber-like practices of Western people in general and Idaho men in particular.

“My husband was a traveling man,” she explained in a lachrymose voice, “and one night in Boise City some of your people gave him too much to drink, so much in fact that he didn’t know what he was doing. The next morning he woke up and discovered that he had bought $1,400 worth of mining stock at four cents a share.

Think of that, the greatest outrage I ever heard of! I have never even looked up the mine in which the stock was sold, but the experience has taught me that Western promoters are merely burglars. My poor husband was robbed as surely as if those men had held him up at the point of a gun.”

Mr. Borah asked the name of the mine and she told him. Without saying a word he picked up a newspaper and pointed to the stock quotations. Right there that noblelike woman got the shock of her life. The stock was shown to be worth $140,000 that day. — Popular Magazine.

Commission; board of trustees, Davis and Elkins Presbyterian College; appointed Alien Prop­ erty Custodian by President Coolidge, 1925-33, retired from public life; resident of Washington, DC, until his death. His motto: “Right and justice. Do your duty to both God and man and fear no one in the consciousness that you are right.”

DWIGHT WHITNEY MORROW (1873-1931), A M H E R S T 1895 S en ator fro m N ew Jersey, 1930-31; A m b a ssa d o r to M exico, 1927-30; R epublican Born in Huntington, W. Va.; moved with his parents to Pittsburgh, Pa., 1875; graduated Amherst College, 1895; studied law at Colum­ bia University; admitted to the bar and entered practice in New York City, 1899; moved to Englewood, N.J., 1903; engaged in banking and was a director of many industrial and fi­ nancial corporations; director, National War Savings Committee for New Jersey during World War I; served abroad as advisor, Allied Maritime Transport Council; member, Military board of Allied Supply; chairman, New Jersey Prison Inquiry Commission, 1917-18, and New Jersey Board of Institutions and Agen­ cies, 1918-20; chairman, Aircraft Board, 1925; Ambassador to Mexico, 1927-30; delegate, Sixth Pan American Conference in Havana, 1928, and to London Naval Conference, 1930;

Dwight Morrow, Amherst 1895, and his son Dwight Morrow, Jr., Amherst 1932, circa 1935

84 elected Nov. 4, 1930, to fill a vacancy in the U.S. Senate caused by the resignation of Walter E. Edge, and to a full term commencing March 4, 1931; died in office in Englewood, N.J.

WILLIAM H. McMASTER (1877-1968), B E L O I T 1899 Senator from South Dakota, 1925-31; Governor o f South Dakota, 1921-25; Republican Born in Ticonic, Iowa; moved to Yankton, S.D., 1901, engaged in banking; State house of representatives, 1911-12; State senate, 1913-16; lieutenant governor, 1917-20; Governor, 192125; U.S. Senate, 1925-31; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1930; moved to Dixon, III., 1933; engaged in banking until his death.

Described by Review of Reviews, April 1923, in “Nine Governors of the Middle West,” as one who “inspires confidence in his efforts to lead the state prudently and wisely, in a period when world conditions are adverse, and when the immediate emergencies of American agriculture are principally due to factors that are beyond local control.”

When he announced his candidacy for the Senate, he stated that if elected he intended to align himself with those senators who “are making a heroic fight for the rights of the people,” and pledged he will work to the best of his ability “with other Senators, not only to better agriculture but to put it on a plane with other industries and commercial interests.”

JOSIAH OLIVER WOLCOTT (1877-1938), W E S L E Y A N 1901 S en ator fro m D elaw are, 1917-21, D em ocrat Born in Dover, Del.; attended Wilmington Conference Academy, Dover; studied law; admitted to bar, 1904; commenced practice in Wilmington; deputy attorney general of Delaware, 190913; attorney general, 1913-17; U.S. Senate, 1917-21; resigned to accept the chancellorship of Delaware, the highest judicial office in the state; chairman, Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Commerce, 1917-19; chancellor of Delaware, 1921-28; died in Dover.

ROBERT RICE REYNOLDS (1884-1963), N O R T H C A R O L IN A 1906 S en ator fro m N orth Carolina, 1932-45, D em ocrat Born in Asheville, N.C.; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1907, and commenced practice in Asheville, N.C.; prosecuting attorney, 15th judicial district of N.C., 1910-14; unsuccessful can­ didate for nomination for lieutenant governor, 1924, and for the U.S. Senate, 1926; presidential elector, 1928, on Democratic ticket; U.S. Senate, 1932, elected to fill a vacancy caused by the death of S. Lee Overman and reelected 1933-1945; not a candidate for renomination, 1944; chairman, Committee on the District of Columbia, 1941-43, Committee on Military Affairs 194145; unsuccessful candidate for the Senate, 1950; practiced law in Washington, DC; operated a large estate near Asheville where he died.

JAMES PRESTON KEM (1890-65), M I S S O U R I 1910 Senator fro m M issouri, 1947-53; Republican Born in Macon, Mo.; graduated, Harvard Law School, 1913; admitted to the bar, 1913, and commenced practice in Kansas City, Mo.; served in the infantry in World War I, 1917-19; re­ sumed law practice, Kansas City, Mo.; U.S. Senate, 1947-53; unsuccessful for reelection, 1952; resumed law practice in Washington, DC, until retirement, 1961; resided at ‘Sherwood,’ The Plains, Va., and engaged in cattle breeding; died in Charlottesville, Va. He was a persistent critic of postwar foreign aid programs and placed himself solidly in a minority faction that he referred to as “patriotic.” His critics called him an “isolationist.”

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KENNETH SPICER WHERRY, N E B R A S K A 1914 S enator fro m N ebraska, 1943-51; M inority Leader, 1949-51; R epublican For his complete biography, see page 28.

ROBERT MARION LA FOLLETTE, JR. (1895-1953), W I S C O N S I N 1917 Senator fro m W isconsin, 1925-47; R epublican; Progressive Born in Madison, Wis.; private secretary to his father, U.S. Senator Robert LaFollette, Sr., 1919-25; U.S. Senate, 1925, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of his father; served as a Republican, 1925-35,

and as a Progressive, 1935-47; LaFollette and brother Philip formed the Progressive Party, 1934, which became the dominant party in Wis­ consin for almost a decade; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1946; chairman, Committee on Manufacturers, 1929-33; champion of organized labor; gained national prominence, 1936-40, as chairman of special Senate investigating committee, commonly called “La Follette Civil Liberties Committee,” which exposed techniques to prevent work­ ers from organizing; author, economic-research consultant, foreign aid advisor to Truman administration; Collier’s magazine award for outstanding public service, 1946; died in Washington, DC, of a selfinflicted gunshot.

One of LaFollette's major accomplishments was the drafting and passage of the Congres­ sional Reorganization Act of 1946, modernizing the legislative process in Congress. As a senator, he often found himself allied with Idaho’s Senator William E. Borah, Kansas 1889. He was considered the Senate’s leading isolationist and helped found the America First committee.

In a 1947 Collier’s Weekly article, LaFollette reported his own experience with the infiltration of Communists into Congressional Committee staffs. The Venona Project materials revealed four agents of Soviet intelligence who had served on his Civil Liberties Subcommittee, includ­ ing Chief Counsel John Abt. “Though he was thrust into the very large shoes of his father, Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., estab­ lished a distinguished career in the Senate and a reputation for independence and strength of conviction. His father, known as ‘Fighting Bob,’ was a power in the Senate for 20 years (190525); while ‘Young Bob' succeeded his father for the next 22 years (1925-47). Together, they often were referred to as The LaFollette Dynasty.’” — The Beta Theta Pi

JOHN ANTHONY DANAHER (1899-1990), Y A L E 1920 S enator fro m Connecticut, 1939-45; R epublican Born in Meriden, Conn.; 2nd lieutenant during World War I, served in the Student’s Army Training Corps at Yale; studied law at Yale Law School; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Hartford, Conn., 1922; assistant U.S. attorney for Connecticut, 1922-34; secretary, State Board of Finance and Control, 1933-35; U.S. Senate, 1939-45; unsuc­ cessful candidate for reelection, 1944; resumed law practice in Hart­ ford and Washington, DC; circuit judge, U.S. Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, 1953; assumed senior status, 1969, and served on a part-time basis, U.S. Court of Appeals, 2nd Circuit, until retiring, Danaher from Yale

1980; resident of West Hartford, Conn., until his death.

86

JOHN MARSHALL BUTLER (1897-1978), J O H N S H O P K I N S 1921 Sen ator fro m M aryland, 1951-63, R epublican Born in Baltimore, M<±; U.S. Army during World War I; attended Johns Hopkins University, 1919-21; graduated, University of Maryland Law School, admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Baltimore, 1926; City Service Commission of Baltimore, 1947-49; U.S. Senate, 1951-63; not a candidate for reelection, 1962; resided in Baltimore until his death in Rocky Mount, N.C. A newsboy, who also worked at age 14 in a mattress factory for $3.00 a week, he spent 26 months of military service in World War I and went to night school before entering Johns Hopkins where he starred on the football team. He earned a law degree by attending night school. He practiced law for many years until he suddenly ran for Maryland s Butler

high office and won. He was described as having a “matinee idol” appearance and “quick friendliness” that appealed to voters.

JOHN SHERMAN COOPER, JR. (1901-91), C E N T R E 1 9 2 2 /Y A L E 1923 S en ator fr o m K entucky, 1946-49, 1952-55, 1956-73; R epublican For his complete biography, see page 40.

NORRIS HENRY COTTON (1900-89), W E S L E Y A N 1923 S en ator fro m N ew H am pshire, 1954-74, 1975; R epresen tative, 1947-54; R epu blican Born in Warren, N.H.; editor, Granite Monthly, clerk, State senate; aide to U.S. Senator George Moses; law school, George Washington University, admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Lebanon, N.H., 1928; State house of representatives, 1923, 1943, 1945; majority leader, 1943; speaker, 1945; U.S. House of Representatives, 194754; U.S. Senate, 1954-74 and 1975, sitting at the desk built for another favorite son of New Hampshire, Daniel Webster; did not run for reelec­ tion, 1974; resident of Lebanon until his death in Hanover, N.H.

FREDERICK ANDREW SEATON (1909-74) K A N S A S S T A T E 1931 S enator fro m N ebraska, 1951-52; Secretary o f the Interior, 1956-61; A ssistan t S ecretary o f D efense, 1953-54; D eputy A ssistan t to P residen t Eisenhower, 1955-56; R epu blican For his complete biography see page 44.

MARK ODOM HATFIELD (1922-), W IL L A M E T T E 1943 S enator fro m Oregon, 1967-97; Oregon Governor, 1959-67; R epublican For his complete biography, see page 58.

JOHN WILLIAM WARNER (1927-), W A S H IN G T O N A N D L E E 1950/ V IR G IN IA 1952 Senator fro m Virginia, 1979-2009; Secretary o f the Navy, 1972-74; Republican For his complete biography, see page 62.

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RICHARD GREEN LUGAR (1932-), D E N I S O N 1954 Senator fro m Indiana, 1977- ; M ayor o f Indianapolis, 1968-75; Republican For his complete biography, see page 64.

ROBERT WILLIAM PACKWOOD (1932-), W IL L A M E T T E 1954 Senator fro m Oregon, 1969-95, R epublican Born in Portland Ore.; graduated New York University School of Law, 1957; admitted to the bar, 1957, and commenced practice in Portland; State legislature, 1963-68; U.S. Senate, 196895; resigned over ethics issues, 1995; Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, 1981-85; Committee on Finance, 1985-97.

C. WILLIAM (BILL) NELSON (1942-), F L O R ID A 1965 Senator fro m Florida, 2001-13; Representative, 1979-91; D em ocrat; Astronaut Born in Miami, Fla.; J.D., University of Virginia, 1968; admitted to the bar, 1968; commenced practice, Melbourne, Fla., 1970; captain, U.S. Army, 1968-70; legislative assistant to Gov. Reubin Askew, 1971; Florida house of representatives, 1972-78; U.S. House of Representatives, 197991; chairman, Space sub-committee, House Space and Technology Committee; unsuccessful candidate for nomination for governor, 1990; astronaut (payload specialist) on Space Shuttle Columbia, 1986; Florida treasurer and insurance commissioner, 1995-2000; U.S. Sen­ ate, 2001- (current term to end 2013).

Nelson blocked a Senate vote on the nominee to chair the Con­ sumer Product Safety Commission, noting that the nominee was chief lobbyist for the National Association of Manufacturers, ill-suited to run an agency charged with enforcing product safety standards. Recog­

Yale’s Nelson

nized as the leading congressional expert on NASA, his other priori­

ties include preventing oil drilling off Florida’s coast, ensuring veterans and their spouses get health care and other benefits they deserve, and fighting for a meaningful Medicare prescrip­ tion drug benefit for seniors.

DAVID K. KARNES (1948-), N E B R A S K A 1971 S en ator fro m N ebraska, 1988-89 Born in Omaha, Neb.; University of Nebraska law school; White House fellow, 1981; executive assistant to Under Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, 1982; special counsel, Federal Home Loan Bank Board, 1983; chairman, Federal Home Loan Bank of Topeka Board of Directors, 1983-87; general counsel for an agribusiness and merchandising firm, 1983-87; appointed to U.S. Senate, 1987-89, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Edward Zorinsky; unsuccessful Karnes o f Nebraska

candidate for reelection, 1988; resumed law practice.

DONALD LEE NICKLES (1948-), O K L A H O M A S T A T E 1971 S en ator fro m O klahom a, 1981-2005; R epublican Born in Ponca City, Okla.; National Guard, 1970-76; businessman; State senate, 1979-80; U.S. Senate, 1981-2005; chairman, Senate Budget committee; Committee on the budget, 2003-05; Republican whip, 1996-2003; retired from Senate in 2005.

88 At age 31, Nickles was the youngest Republican ever elected to the U.S. Senate. He was on the short list of vice presidential choices by Republican nominee for President, Senator Bob Dole in 2002.

That year, Nichols became embroiled in the controversy surround­ ing Republican Senate Leader Trent Lott’s alleged racially insensitive comments. As the controversy grew, Nickles became the first senator in leadership to say that Lott should step down. He believed that the matter would distract from the Republican Party’s legislative agenda; , , ... ,, Oklahoma s Nickles

and, as he served as Lott’s deputy in the Senate, Nickles declined to run for Lott's vacated position.

MICHAEL F. BENNET, W E S L E Y A N 1987 (1964-) S enator fro m Colorado, 2009-11 Denver’s Public School Superintendent, 2005-09, Bennet was appointed to the Senate by Gov. Bill Ritter, who praised him as “a proven 21st century leader and problem-solver.” A graduate of Yale Law School, he was editor of the Yale Law Journal and later assistant to the U.S. deputy attorney general.

In the 1960s, a Beta delegation met with Betas in Congress.

Front row, left to right: Rep. Wayne Aspinall, Denver 1919: Edmond Stofft, Knox 1920; Seth Brooks, St. Lawrence 1922; Rep. Frank Smith, Mississippi 1941; Rep. Jamie Whitten, Mississippi 1933; Warren (Spig) Fawcett, Minnesota 1926; Rep. John Rhodes, Kansas State 1938; Sen. Norris Cotton, Wesleyan 1923; Ford Weber, Denison 1921; John Edwards, Nebraska 1937. Back row: Joe Romoda, St. Lawrence 1931; Rep. At Ullman, Whitman 1935; Fred Brower, Miami 1950; Sherwood Bonney, Dickinson 1931; Rep. Frank Ikard. Texas 1936.

BETA STATESMEN

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U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MILES TOBEY GRANGER (1817-95), W E S L E Y A N 1842 R epresentative fr o m C onnecticut, 1887-89; D em ocrat Born in New Marlboro, Mass; moved with his parents to Canaan, Conn., 1819; moved to Louisiana, 1843; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1845; returned to Canaan and practiced law, 1847-67; State house of representatives, 1857; State senate, 1866-67; judge of probate court, 1849-67; judge, superior court of Connecticut, 1867-76; judge, State supreme court, 18761887; U.S. House of Representatives, 1887-89; not a candidate for renomination in 1888; State referee, 1893-95; died in North Canaan, Conn.

WILLIAM HANFORD UPSON (1823-1910), W E S T E R N R E S E R V E 1842 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1869-73; R epublican Born in Worthington, Ohio; studied law, Yale College and in Painesville, Ohio; admitted to the bar, 1845; commenced practice in Akron, Ohio, 1846; prosecuting attorney, Summit County, 1848-50; State senate, 1853-55; U.S. House of Representatives, 1869-73; not a candidate for renomination, 1872; associate justice, Ohio supreme court, 1883; judge, circuit court of Ohio, 1884-94; resumed law practice; died in Akron. Note: Of the five Upson Betas in the Fraternity database, none is named William Hanford; however, in several places in The Beta Theta Pi, William Hanford Upson is listed as an alumnus member o f Western Reserve’s Beta chapter.

MILTON SLOCUM LATHAM (1827-82) W A S H IN G T O N A N D J E F F E R S O N 1843 Representative fro m California, 1853-55; Governor o f California, 1859-60; U.S. Senate, 1860-63; M in ister to China, 1852-54; D em ocrat; L ecom pton D em ocrat For his complete biography see page 76.

ALBERT GALLATIN PORTER (1824-97), D E P A U W 1844 Representative fro m Indiana, 1859-63; F irst Com ptroller o f the Treasury, 1878-80; Governor o f Indiana, 1881-85; M inister to Italy, 1889-92; Republican Born in Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, Ind.; attended the public schools and the prepara­ tory department of Hanover (Ind.) College, and graduated from Indiana Asbury (DePauw) Uni­ versity, 1843; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1845, commenced practice in Indianapolis; city attorney 1851-53; reporter of the Indiana Supreme Court, 1853-57; city council, 1857-59; U.S. House of Representatives, 1859-63; declined renomination, 1862; resumed law practice; ap­ pointed first Comptroller of the Treasury, 1878-80; Governor of Indiana, 1881-85; U.S. Minister to Italy, 1889-92; died in Indianapolis.

HUMPHREY MARSHALL (1812-72), T R A N S Y L V A N IA 1845 R epresentative fro m K entucky, 1849-52, 1855-59; M in ister to China, 1852-54; W hig1, A m erican Party Born in Frankfort, Ky.; graduated from the U.S. Military Academy, West Point, 1812; resigned from the Army, 1833; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1833, and practiced in Frankfort, 1833-34, and Louisville, 1834-46; State militia, 1832-33, 1845-48, rose to colonel of Volunteers in Mexi1Whig: recalls the British term for those who opposed the monarchy

90 can War; engaged in agriculture; U.S. House of Representatives, 1849-52; Minister to China, 1852-54; U.S. House of Representatives, 1855-59; during Civil War, was a brigadier general in Confederate Army; 1861-63; moved to Richmond, Va., continued law practice; elected to Confed­ erate Congress; after the war, moved to New Orleans, La.; civil disobedience (Confederate ser­ vice) removed by Pres. Andrew Johnson, 1867; returned to Louisville, Ky., 1872; died in Louisville.

HALBERT ELEAZER PAINE (1826-1905), W E S T E R N R E S E R V E 1845 R epresentative fro m W isconsin, 1865-71; R epublican Born in Chardon, Ohio; graduated from Western Reserve College, 1845; taught school in Mississippi; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1848; commenced practice in Cleveland, Ohio; moved to Milwaukee, Wis., 1857, continued practice of law; entered Union Army, 1861, as colonel of the 4th Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteers; promoted to brigadier general, 1863; lost a leg at Port Hudson, 1864; brevetted (promoted to the temporary rank of) major general, 1865; U.S. House of Representatives, 1865-71; chairman, Committee on Militia, 1867-69; Commit­ tee on Elections, 1869-71; did not run for reelection, 1870; continued law practice in Washing­ ton, DC; through his efforts, the taking of meteorological observations in the interior was inau­ gurated; Commissioner of Patents, 1878-80; died in Washington, DC.

JOHN COBURN (1825-1908), W A B A S H 1846 R epresentative fr o m Indiana, 1867-75, R epublican Born in Indianapolis, Ind.; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1849, and commenced practice in Indianapolis; State house of representatives, 1850; judge, court of common pleas, 1859-61; entered Union Army, 1861, became colonel of 33rd Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, 1861; mustered out, 1864; brevetted brigadier general, 1865; appointed briefly as first secretary, Territory of Montana, 1865; judge, 5th judicial circuit of Indiana, 1865; resigned, 1866; U.S. House of Representatives, 1867-75; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1874; justice, su­ preme court of Territory of Montana, 1884-85; resumed law practice in Indianapolis where he died.

HENRY WILLIAM HOFFMAN (1825-95) W A S H IN G T O N A N D J E F F E R S O N 1846 R epresentative fro m M aryland, 1855-57; A m erican P arty Born in Cumberland, Md.; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1848; U.S. House of Representa­ tives, 1855-57; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1856; treasurer, Chesapeake & Ohio Canal Co., 1858-60; elected Sergeant at Arms, House of Representatives, 1860-61; appointed

by President Lincoln as collector of customs, Baltimore, Md., 1861-66; resumed law practice, Cumberland, Md.; associate judge, 6th Maryland circuit court, 1883-95; died in Cumberland.

JOSEPH GARDNER WILSON (1826-73), M I A M I 1846 R epresentative fro m Oregon, 1873, R epublican Born in Acworth, N.H.; moved with parents to Cincinnati, Ohio, 1828; moved later to a farm near Reading, Ohio; professor, Farmer’s College, near Cincinnati, 1849; graduated from Cin­ cinnati Law School, 1852, and admitted to the bar; moved to Oregon Territory, 1852; practiced law in Salem; clerk, Territorial legislature, 1853; first secretary, Willamette Woolen Co., 1854; prosecuting attorney, Marion County, 1860-62; associate judge, State supreme court, 1864-66, 1868-70; unsuccessful candidate for U.S. House of Representatives, 1870; resumed practice of law; House of Representatives, 1873; served four months until his death in Marietta, Ohio.

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WILLIAM HEPBURN ARMSTRONG (1824-1919), P R I N C E T O N 1847 R epresentative fr o m P ennsylvania, 1869-71, R epublican Born in Williamsport, Pa.; graduated Princeton University; studied law; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in Williamsport; State house of representatives, 1860-61; declined com­ mission as president judge of 26th judicial circuit of Pa., 1862; U.S. House of Representatives, 1869-71; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; declined office of commissioner of Indiana affairs; commissioner of railroads, 1882-85; resumed law practice in Washington, DC, and Philadelphia, Pa., until 1898, when he retired; moved to Wilmington, Del., where he died.

HENRY RICHARD HARRIS (1828-1909), E M O R Y 1847 R epresen tative fr o m G eorgia, 1873-79, 1885-87, D em ocrat Born in Sparta, Ga.; moved to Greenville, Ga., 1833; graduated from Emory College in Oxford, Ga.; State constitutional convention, 1861; during Civil War, served in Confederate Army as colonel; U.S. House of Representatives, 1873-79; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1878; U.S. House of Representatives, 1885-87; appointed by President Grover Cleveland as Assis­ tant Postmaster General of the U.S., 1887-89; engaged in agriculture; died in Odessadale, Ga. Records are skimpy; however, it is believed that Harris may have been initiated by Beta Theta Pi after becoming a congressman. Note: Emory College was one o f the “Mystic Seven,” which was absorbed by Beta Theta Pi. Later, the college, now university, moved to Atlanta, Ga.

JONAS GEORGE HOWARD (1825-1911), D E P A U W 1847 R epresen tative fr o m Indiana, 1885-89; D em ocrat Born near New Albany, Ind.; attended Indiana Asbury College (now DePauw) and Louisville, Ky., Law School; graduated Indiana University law department, 1851; admitted to the bar, 1852, and commenced practice, Jeffersonville, Ind.; city attorney, Jeffersonville, 1854, 1865, 1871-73, 1877-79; Jeffersonville city council, 1859-63; State house of representatives, 1863-66; U.S. House of Representatives, 1885-89; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; returned to Jeffersonville, resumed law practice; also engaged in agriculture; died in Jeffersonville.

JOHN STOUGHTON NEWBERRY (1826-87), M IC H IG A N 1847 R epresentative fr o m M ichigan, 1879-81, R epublican Born in Waterville, N.Y.; moved with parents to Michigan as a child; resided successively in Detroit, Ann Arbor and Romeo, Mich.; two years in civil engineering on railroads; studied law in Detroit; admitted to the bar, 1853; published first volume of admiralty reports of decisions of cases arising on western lakes and rivers; established Michigan Car Co. of Detroit, 1862; established Detroit Car Wheel Co.; appointed first provost marshal, State of Michigan, by Presi­ dent Lincoln, 1862; resigned, 1864; engaged in several large manufacturing enterprises, from 1864; U.S. House of Representatives, 1879-81; declined renomination; died in Detroit.

JOSEPH EWING MCDONALD (1819-91), D E P A U W /I N D I A N A 1849 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1849-51; U.S. Senator, 1875-81; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 78.

DANIEL WOOLSEY VOORHEES (1827-97), D E P A U W 1849 Representative, Indiana, 1861-67, 1869-73; U.S. Senator, 1877-97; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 79.

92

HARVEY DAVID SCOTT (1818-91), D E P A U W 1850 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1855-57, O pposition Party Born near Ashtabula, Ohio; attended Indiana Asbury (DePauw) College; studied law; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in Terre Haute, Ind.; State legislature, 1853; U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1855-57; resumed law practice; State senate, 1869-77; judge, circuit court, Vigo County, 1881-84; moved to California, 1887; died in Pasadena. Note: Some references list him as “Harry.”

HENRY AUGUSTUS REEVES (1832-1916), M I C H I G A N 1852 R epresentative fro m M ichigan, 1869-71; D em ocrat Born in Sag Harbor, N.Y.; attended University of Michigan and graduated from Union College, Schenectady, N.Y., 1852; studied law; admitted to the bar; editor, Republican Watchman, Greenport, Mich., 1858 until his death; U.S. House of Representatives, 1869-71; resumed newspaper interests; supervisor, Southold Town, 1872-94; State assembly, 1887; State Com­ mission on Lunacy, 1889-97; died in Greenport.

GEORGE THOMAS BARNES (1833-1901), G E O R G IA 1853 R epresen tative fro m G eorgia, 1885-91; D em ocrat Born in Summerville, Ga.; attended Franklin College; graduated, University of Georgia; stud­ ied law; admitted to the bar, 1855, and commenced practice in Augusta; during Civil War, served in Confederate Army, Washington Light Artillery Company of Augusta, Ga., as 2nd lieutenant and brevet major; State house of representatives, 1860-65; U.S. House of Representatives, 1885-91; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; resumed practice of law; died in Augusta.

RUSH CLARK (1834-79), W A S H IN G T O N A N D J E F F E R S O N 1853 R epresentative fro m Iow a, 1877-79; R epublican Born in Schellsburg, Pa.; graduated from Jefferson College, 1853; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1853; commenced practice in Iowa City, Iowa; Iowa house of representatives, 1860-64; Speaker of the Iowa house, 1863-64; staff of the Iowa governor, 1861-62; aided in organization of volunteer regiments from Iowa during the Civil War; trustee, Iowa University, 1862-66; State house of representatives, 1876; U.S. House of Representatives, 1877-79; died in Iowa City.

WILLIAM CUMBACK (1829-1905 ) , D E P A U W 1853 Representative from Indiana, 1855-57; Lieutenant Governor, 1868; Opposition Party Born in Mount Carmel, Ind.; taught school two years; studied law, Cincinnati Law School; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in

An uncustom ary toast At the 1882 convention, the 43rd in Cincinnati, Ohio, former Congressman Will Cumback of Indiana was asked to give the banquet “toast,” which he did with great eloquence and lack of brevity, concluding with: “In the world’s broach field of battle, In the bivouac o f life, Be not like dumb, driven cattle, Be a hero in the strife. ”

Greensburg, Ind., 1853; U.S. House of Rep­ resentatives, 1855-57; unsuccessful candi­ date for reelection; resumed law practice; pay­ master, Union Army, served throughout Civil War; State senate, 1866; Indiana lieutenant governor, 1868; unsuccessful for election to U.S. Senate, 1869; U.S. revenue collector, 1871-83; trustee, DePauw University; unsuc­ cessful candidate for nomination for gover­ nor, 1896; died in Greensburg, Ind.

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MARK LINDSEY DE MOTTE (1832-1908), D E P A U W 1853 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1881-83; Republican Born in Rockville, Ind.; graduated from Indiana Asbury (DePauw) law department, 1855; ad­ mitted to the bar and began practice in Valparaiso, 1855; prosecuting attorney, 67th judicial dis­ trict, 1856; Union Army, 1st lieutenant, 1861; promoted to captain, 1862; brevet colonel at close of the war; resumed law practice in Lexington, Mo.; editor, Lexington Register; unsuccessful candidate for Congress, 1872 and 1876; returned to Valparaiso, 1877, and resumed law practice; organized Northern Indiana Law School, 1879; U.S. House of Representatives, 1881-83; unsuc­ cessful candidate for reelection; State senate, 1886-90; postmaster, Valparaiso, 1890-94; dean, Northern Indiana Law School, 1890-1908; died in Valparaiso.

JAMES WILSON MCDILL (1834-94), M I A M I 1853 R epresentative fro m Iowa, 1873-77; Senator, 1881-83; Republican For his complete biography, see page 80.

SCHUYLER COLFAX (1823-85), D E P A U W 1854 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1855-68; U.S. Vice President, 1869-73; Speaker o f the H ouse, 1863-68; Whig, K now -N othings; Republican In the Schuyler Colfax obituary in a prominent newspaper: “The writer of this remembers to have heard Schuyler Colfax speak in favor of the election of General Scott to the Presidency in 1852, in Niles, Mich. Although then a young man, the editor of the South Bend Register, he had a reputation as a public speaker who drew crowds to hear him whenever he was announced.

“He had a slender, pale-faced, scholarly presence, wore a turn-down collar and a full beard, as, indeed, he continued to do all his life. His delivery was rapid; he never hesitated for a word, and he discussed the questions involved in the campaign of that year, including the tariff, with considerable force and intelligence, and with occasional flights of eloquence bordering on the sophomorical, but well calculated to touch emotional young natures.

“Colfax was then not quite thirty . . . Although strongly anti-slavery, he was attached to the old Whig party and did not desert it 'til it had fairly given up the ghost. His transition to the newly formed Republican party was natural and inevitable. . . . He was speaker of the House, 186368, and it can be fairly said no more popular officer ever presided over that body. His rulings were prompt, impartial and tempered with a manner that gave no offense to those against whom he decided. There was an amiability about the man that won all hearts.”

For his complete biography, see page 12.

THOMAS WARREN BENNETT (1831-93),D E P A U W 1855 U.S. R epresentative fro m Idaho, 1875-76; G overnor o f Idaho Territory, 1871-75; M ayor, R ichm ond, Indiana, 1869-70, 1877-83, 1885-87; In depen den t Born in Union County, Ind.; graduated in law, Indiana Asbury College (DePauw), 1854; admit­ ted to the bar, 1855; commenced practice in Liberty, Ind.; State senate, 1858-61; entered the Union Army at outbreak of the Civil War; commissioned a captain, 15th Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, April 1861; major, 36th Regiment, Sept. 1861; colonel, 69th Regiment, Aug. 1862; brigadier general, March 1865; State senate, 1864-67; mayor, Richmond, Ind., 1869-70; appointed Governor of Territory of Idaho by President Grant, 1871-75; resigned when elected to U.S. House of Representatives, 1875-76; not a candidate for renomination; resumed law prac­ tice, Richmond, Ind.; mayor of Richmond, 1877-83, 1885-87; died in Richmond.

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JOHN YOUNG BROWN (1835-1904), C E N T R E 1855 Representative fro m Kentucky, 1859-61,1873-77; G overnor o f Kentucky, 1891-95; D em ocrat Born in Claysville, Ky.; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1857; commenced practice in Elizabethtown, Ky.; U.S. House of Representatives, 1859-61, but because he had not attained the age (25) required by the Constitution, he was not seated until the second session; Frederick Douglas National Committee, 1860; during the Civil War, he was a cavalry colonel in the Confederate Army; elected to U.S. House of Representatives, 1860, but his seat was declared vacant because of alleged disloyalty (having served the Confederacy); U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1873-77; censured by the House of Representatives, Feb. 4, 1875, for use of unparliamentary language; resumed law practice in Louisville; Governor of Kentucky, 1891-95; practiced law in Louisville until his death in Henderson, Ky. After Brown retired from the house, but still argued cases from time to time, a prominent judge said of him: “For 16 years, John Young Brown has practiced in my court, and he never appeared in a case, great or small, that he did not impress me with the idea that he had grown in intellectual stature since his last appearance. Since his retirement from Congress, Mr. Brown has been a great student, spending hours in his extensive and well appointed library, and, though in public estimation he is regarded as nothing but a prodigy of eloquence, his intimates know that he is even a more profound statesman than brilliant orator.”

THOMAS THEODORE CRITTENDEN (1832-1909), C E N T R E 1855 R epresentative fro m M issouri, 1873-75, 1877-79; G overnor o f M issouri, 1881-85; U.S. C onsul G eneral to M exico, 1893-97; D em ocrat Born near Shelbyville, Ky.; registrar of Franklin County, 1856; studied law, admitted to the bar, 1858; commenced practice in Lexington, Mo.; Union Army, 1862-64, captain, later lieutenant colonel, 7th Missouri Cavalry Militia Regiment; moved to Warrensburg, continued law practice, 1865; attorney general, Missouri, 1864; U.S. House of Representatives, 1873-75 and 1877-79; did not run in 1974; Governor of Missouri, 1881-85; moved to Kansas City, 1885, and continued law practice; U.S. consul general to Mexico, 1893-97; referee in bankruptcy, 1898-1909; died in Kansas City, Mo. His uncle, John J. Crittenden, a Whig, was the U.S. attorney general, 1850-53.

SAMUEL GALLOWAY (1811-72), M I A M I 1855 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1855-57; O pposition Party Born in Gettysburg, Pa.; moved to Highland County, Ohio, 1830; graduated Miami University, 1833; attended Princeton Theological Seminary, 1835-37; taught school, Hamilton, Ohio, 183637; and at Miami University, 1837-38, and at Hanover College, Indiana, 1839-40; studied law; admitted to the bar, commenced practice, Chillicothe, Ohio, 1843; secretary of state, 1844; moved

G overnor Crittendon an d the legend o f Jesse Jam es Upon his election as Missouri governor, T.T. Crittenden, Centre 1855, pledged to destroy the Jesse James gang. The notorious band of bank robbers had been working unmolested throughout the state for 15 years. The governor offered a reward of $10,000 for the body of Jesse James, dead or alive, resulting in the killing of James by one of his confederates, who surrendered himself for the crime and was sentenced to be hanged, but Governor Crittenden pardoned him, giving the man the $10,000 reward.

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to Columbus, Ohio, 1844; U.S. House of Representatives, 1855-57; unsuccessful for reelection, 1856 and 1858; judge advocate of Camp Chase, Ohio, during Civil War; appointed to investigate conditions in the South by President Andrew Johnson during reconstruction; died in Columbus.

Note: Some references confuse him with “James B.” Galloway, DePauw 1855.)

BENTON JAY HALL (1835-94), M I A M I 1855 R epresentative fro m Iowa, 1885-87; D em ocrat Born in Mount Vernon, Ohio; moved with his parents to Iowa, 1840; attended Knox College; graduated from Miami University; studied law; admitted to the bar and began practice, 1857; State house of representatives, 1872-73; State senate, 1882-86; U.S. House of Representa­ tives, 1885-87; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1886; appointed Commissioner of Pat­ ents by President Cleveland, 1887-89; resumed law practice; died in Burlington, Iowa.

ROBERT ROBERTS HITT (1834-1906), D E P A U W 1855 Representative from Illinois, 1882-1906; Assistant Secretary o f State, 1881; Republican Born in Urbana, Ohio; moved with his parents to Mount Morris, III., 1837; attended Rock River Seminary (later Mount Morris College), graduated DePauw University; first secretary of legation and Charge dAffaires ad interim in Paris, 1874-81; Assistant Secretary of State, 1881; U.S. House of Representatives, 1882-1906; chairman, Committee on Foreign Affairs, 1889-91, 1895-1907; Regent, Smithsonian Institution, 1893-1906; appointed by President McKinley to commission to establish government in Hawaii, 1898; died at Narragansett Pier, R.l.

JAMES FERDINAND IZLAR (1832-1912), E M O R Y 1855 R epresentative fro m South Carolina, 1894-95, D em ocrat Born near Orangeburg, S.C.; graduated from Emory College, Oxford, Ga.; studied law; admit­ ted to the bar, 1858, and commenced practice; officer in Confederate Army during Civil War; resumed law practice in Orangeburg; State senate, 1880-90; judge, 1st judicial circuit, 1889; U.S. House of Representatives, 1894-95; declined to be a candidate for renomination; re­ sumed law practice in Orangeburg until 1907, when he retired; died in Orangeburg.

JOHN WATTS MCCORMICK (1831-1917), O H IO 1855 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1883-85; R epublican Born near Gallipolis, Ohio; attended Ohio Wesleyan and Ohio universities; engaged in agri­ culture and stock raising; taught school; Methodist minister; delegate, Ohio constitutional con­ vention, 1873; U.S. House of Representatives, 1883-85; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; trustee, Rio Grande College, 1883-85; resumed agricultural pursuits; died in Gallipolis.

WILLIAM BRAINERD SPENCER (1835-82), C E N T E N A R Y 1855 R epresentative fro m Louisiana, 1876-77; D em ocrat Born on “Home Plantation,” Catahoula Parish, La.; graduated from Centenary College and Louisiana law department, New Orleans and admitted to the bar and began practice in Harrisonburg, La., 1854; served in Confederate Army with rank of captain in Civil War until 1863, when he was captured; prisoner of war at Johnson’s Island, Ohio, until the end of the war; resumed law practice in Vidalia, La., 1866; U.S. House of Representatives, 1876-77; resigned to accept appointment as associate justice, Louisiana Supreme Court, 1877-1880; resumed law practice in New Orleans; died in Jalapa, Mexico.

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JOHN SMITH YOUNG (1834-1916), C E N T E N A R Y 1855 R epresentative fro m Louisiana, 1878-79; D em ocrat Born near Raleigh, N.C.; moved with his father to Fayette County, Tenn., 1836, and to Colum­ bia County, Ark., 1848; moved to Homer, La., 1855; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1860, and practiced in Homer; enlisted in the Confederate Army as a private, 1861, and was promoted until attaining rank of lieutenant colonel; returned to Homer and resumed law practice, 1865; judge, Claiborne Parish Court, 1870-72; State house of representatives, 1872-76; judge, 11th Louisiana judicial district, 1876-78; U.S. House of Representatives, 1878-79; not a candidate for renomination; resumed law practice, Homer; moved to Monroe, La.; died in Shreveport, La.

ALBERT SEATON BERRY (1836-1908), M I A M I 1856 Representative fro m Kentucky, 1893-1901; Mayor, Newport, Ky., 1870-78; Dem. Born in Fairfield (now Dayton), Ky.; graduated from Miami University, 1855, and Cincinnati Law School, 1858; admitted to the bar and practiced; prosecuting attorney, Newport, Ky., 1859; served in Confederate Army, 1861-65; mayor of Newport, 1870-78; State senate, 1878-84; U.S. House of Representatives, 1893-1901; unsuccessful candidate for renomination, 1900; re­ sumed law practice; judge, 17th judicial district of Kentucky, 1905-08; died in Newport.

PAUL CARRINGTON EDMUNDS (1836-99), V IR G IN IA 1856 R epresentative fro m Virginia, 1889-95; D em ocrat Born at “Springwood,” the country estate near Halifax Court House, Va.; studied under private teacher; graduated from University of Virginia, 1855, and from College of William and Mary law department, 1857; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Jefferson City, Mo., 1857; returned to Virginia and engaged in agriculture, 1859; 1st lieutenant, Company A., Montague’s battalion, Confederate Army, during the Civil War; Virginia State senate, 1881-88; U.S. House of Representataives, 1889-95; chairman, Committee on Expenditures in Department of Agricul­ ture, 1891-95; declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1894; died in Houston, Va.

WILLIAM PINKNEY MCLEAN (1836-1925), N O R T H C A R O L IN A 1857 R epresentative fro m Texas, 1873-75; D em ocrat Born in Copiah County, Miss.; moved with his mother to Marshall, Texas, 1839; graduated in law, University of North Carolina, 1857; admitted to the bar, 1857, and commenced practice in Jefferson, Texas; State house of representatives, 1861; resigned to join the Confederate Army as a private; promoted to captain, then to major; served throughout the Civil War; State house of representatives, 1869; U.S. House of Representatives, 1873-75; resumed law practice, Mount Pleasant, Texas; State constitutional convention, 1875; judge, 5th judicial district, 1884; ap­ pointed to first State railroad commission, 1891; resigned, moved to Fort Worth, 1893; re­ sumed law practice; died in Fort Worth.

LEVI THOMAS GRIFFIN (1837-1906), M I C H I G A N 1857 R epresentative fro m M ichigan, 1893-95, D em ocrat Born in Clinton, N.Y.; moved with his parents to Rochester, Mich., 1848; studied law; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Detroit, Mich., 1858; entered Union Army as 2nd lieuten­ ant, 1862, and advanced to 1st lieutenant, adjutant, captain, brigade inspector, acting assistant adjutant general, Cavalry division, acting assistant adjutant general, Cavalry corps, Mississippi

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Military Division; promoted to brevet major, U.S. Volunteers, by President Andrew Johnson for “gallant and meritorious service,” 1866; resumed law practice, Detroit, 1865; Fletcher profes­ sor of law, University of Michigan, 1886-97; unsuccessful candidate forjudge, State supreme court, 1887; U.S. House of Representatives, 1893-95; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; resumed law practice; pension agent, 1896-97; died in Detroit.

HENRY MOSES POLLARD (1836-1904), D A R T M O U T H 1857 R epresentative, M issouri, 1877-79; M ayor, C hillicothe, M o., 1874; R epublican Born in Plymouth, Vt.; moved to Milwaukee, Wis.; admitted to the bar, 1861; returned to Vermont; served in the Union Army as a major, 8th Regiment, Vermont Volunteers, during the Civil War; moved to Chillicothe, Mo., 1865; commenced practice of law; mayor of Chillicothe, 1874; county attorney, 1876; U.S. House of Representatives, 1877-79; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1876; moved to St. Louis, Mo., 1879, and continued law practice until his death.

WILLIAM MCKENDREE SPRINGER (1836-1903), IN D IA N A 1857 R epresentative fro m Illinois, 1875-95; D em ocrat Born near New Lebanon, Ind.; moved to Jacksonville, III., with his parents, 1848; attended Illinois College; graduated, University of Indiana; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1859, and practiced in Lincoln and Springfield, III.; secretary, State constitutional convention, 1862; trav­ eled in Europe, 1868-71; State house of representatives, 1871-72; U.S. House of Representa­ tives, 1875-95; chairman, Committee on Expenditures in Department of State, 1875-79; Com­ mittee on Elections, 1879-81; Committee on Expenditures in Department of Justice, 1881-83; Committee on Claims, 1885-87; Committee on Territories, 1887-89; Committee on Ways and Means, 1891-93; Committee on Banking and Currency, 1893-95; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1894; resumed law practice, Washington, DC, 1895; U.S. judge, northern district of Indiana Territory and chief justice, U.S. Court of Appeals, Indian Territory, by appointment of President Cleveland, 1895-1900; resumed law practice in Washington, DC, where he died.

WILLIAM ELLIOTT (1838-1907), V IR G IN IA 1858 R epresentative fro m South Carolina, 1887-93, 1895-1903; D em ocrat Born in Beaufort, S.C.; attended Beaufort College and Harvard University; studied law at University of Virginia; admitted to the bar, 1861; in Civil War, entered the Confederate Army as a lieutenant, served throughout the war, attaining rank of lieutenant colonel; commenced law practice in Beaufort, S.C., 1865; State house of representatives, 1866; unsuccessful candidate for Congress, 1884; U.S. House of Representatives, 1887-93, 1895-1903; did not run in 1902; appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt as commissioner of the U.S. to mark the graves of Confederate dead in the North, 1906-07; died in Beaufort, S.C.

JOHN HANNA (1837-82), D E P A U W 1858 Representative from Indiana, 1877-79; Mayor, Greencastle, Ind., 1851-54; Republican Born near Indianapolis, Ind.; studied law; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Greencastle, Ind., 1851; mayor of Greencastle, 1851-54; moved to Kansas; Kansas Territorial Legislature, 1857-58; returned to Indiana; U.S. district attorney, 1861-69; U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1877-79; died in Plainfield, Ind.

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ISAAC CLEMENTS (1837-1909), D E P A U W 1859 R epresentative fro m Illinois, 1873-75; Republican Born near Brookville, Ind.; studied law in Greencastle, Ind.; moved to Illinois and taught school; joined the Union Army as 2nd lieutenant, Company G, 9th Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry; served three years, twice promoted; registrar in bankruptcy, 1867; U.S. House of Representa­ tives, 1873-75; unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1874; U.S. penitentiary commissioner, 1877; U.S. pension agent, Chicago, III., 1890-93; moved to Normal, III., 1899; superintendent, Soldiers’ Orphans’ Home at Normal; died in Danville, III.

EZEKIEL JOHN ELLIS (1840-89), C E N T E N A R Y 1859 R epresentative fro m Louisiana, 1875-85; D em ocrat Born in Covington, La.; attended private schools in Covington and Clinton, La., and Centenary College, 1855-58; graduated from Louisiana State University law department, Pineville, 1861; 1st lieutenant in Confederate Army in Civil War; promoted to captain in the 16th Regiment, Loui­ siana Infantry, serving two years until his capture; imprisoned on Johnson’s Island in Lake Erie until the end of the war; admitted to the Louisiana bar, 1866, and commenced practice in Covington; State senate, 1866-70; U.S. House of Representatives, 1875-85; chairman, Committee on Mis­ sissippi Levies, 1885; declined to be a candidate for renomination, 1884; resumed law practice in Washington, DC, where he died.

JACOB JOSEPH PUGSLEY (1838-1920), M I A M I 1859 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1887-91; Republican Born in Dutchess County, N.Y.; moved to Ohio with his parents, 1839; studied law; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Dayton, Ohio; moved to Hillsboro, Ohio, and continued law practice; State house of representatives, 1880-83; State senate, 1886-87; U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1887-91; not a candidate for renomination; died in Hillsboro.

DANIEL WEBSTER COMSTOCK (1840-1917), O H I O W E S L E Y A N 1860 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1917; Republican Born in Germantown, Ohio; A.B. and A.M. degrees; settled in New Castle, Ind., and admitted to the bar; district attorney, 1862; enlisted in 9th Indiana Cavalry, and rose to captain of Company C, then adjutant general, 1st Brigade, 7th Division, Mississippi; discharged September, 1865; Rich­ mond, Ind., city attorney, 1866; prosecuting attorney, Wayne circuit court, 1872-76; State senate, 1878; judge, 17th judicial circuit, two terms; judge, Indiana appellate court, 1896-1911; practiced law; U.S. House of Representatives, 1917; died in office in Washington, DC.

OZRO JENNISON DODDS (1840-82), M I A M I 1861 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1872-73; D em ocrat Born in Cincinnati, Ohio; organized Captain Dodd’s university company and enlisted in Union Army, 1861, as captain, Company B, 20th Ohio Volunteer Regiment; captain, Company F, 81st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1861-63; Lieutenant Colonel, 1st Alabama Union Cavalry, 1863; received his degree from Miami University at the end of the war; studied law, Cincinnati Law School; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Cincinnati, 1866; State house of representatives, 1870-71; U.S. House of Representatives, 1872-73; not a candidate for renomination; resumed law practice at Cincinnati; died in Columbus, Ohio. Miami’s Dodds Hall is in memory of him.

Note: Congressional references refer to “John" as his middle name.

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COURTLAND CUSHING MATSON (1841-1915) D E P A U W 1862 R epresentative fro m Indiana; 1881-89; D em ocrat Born in Brookville, Ind.; enlisted as a private in the Civil War, 16th Regiment, Indiana Volunteers; joined the 6th Regiment, 71st Indiana Volunteer Cavalry, subsequently promoted to colonel; studied law; ad­ mitted to the bar and commenced practice in Greencastle, Ind.; elected three times as prosecuting attorney, Putnam County; U.S. House of Rep­ resentatives, 1881-89; chairman, Committee on Invalid Pensions, 188389; not a candidate for renomination; unsuccessful candidate for Gov­ ernor of Indiana, 1888; resumed law practice in Greencastle; board of tax commissioners, 1909-13; died in Chicago, III.

RICHARD WHITING BLUE (1841-1907) W A S H IN G T O N A N D J E F F E R S O N 1864 R epresentative fro m Kansas, 1895-97; Republican Born near Parkersburg, Va. (now West Va.); attended Monongalia Academy, Morgantown, Va., 1859, and Washington (Pa.) College (Washington and Jefferson University) until his enlistment in 1863 as a private in Company A, 3rd Regiment, West Virginia Volunteer Infantry; became 1st lieutenant; returned to Grafton, W.V.; taught school; studied law; admitted to the bar and com­ menced practice in Linn County, Kan., 1871; probate judge, Linn County, 1872-76; county attor­ ney, 1876-80; State senate, 1880-88; U.S. House of Representatives, 1895-97; unsuccessful for reelection; practiced law until his death in Bartlesville, Okla.

HOSEA TOWNSEND (1840-1909), W E S T E R N R E S E R V E 1864 R epresentative fro m Colorado, 1889-93; Republican Born in Greenwich, Ohio; enlisted in 2nd Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, 1861; promoted to lieutenant, but resigned in 1863 due to a disability; studied law, admitted to the bar, 1864, and commenced practice in Memphis, Tenn., 1865; State house of representatives, 1869; moved to Colorado, 1879; settled in Silver Cliff, 1881; U.S. House of Representatives, 1889-93; unsuc­ cessful candidate for renomination; U.S. judge, southern district, Indian Territory, 1897-1907; died in Ardmore, Okla.

R.B.F. PIERCE, W A B A S H 1866 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1883-85; Republican While there is no record in the Congressional Biographical Directory of Pierce having served in the U.S. House of Representatives, The Beta Theta Pi noted that he had served in the Congress in several editions, including June 1887, page 351, which also announced his marriage on Dec. 4, 1886, the event also having been reported in the Indianapolis Journal: “The groom is a promi­ nent railroad attorney and represented the 8th congressional district in the 48th congress (188385.) His name was prominently mentioned in connection with the recent nomination for lieutenant governor on the Republican ticket.”

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JOHN SERGEANT WISE (1846-1913), V IR G IN IA 1867 R epresentative fro m Virginia, 1883-85; R eadju ster P arty; Republican Born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, while his father was U.S. Minister to that country (later a Congressman, Governor of Virginia and CSA Briga­ dier General); attended Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, 1862, and was among those wounded fighting with the VMI cadets in the Battle of New Market during the Civil War; subsequently became a lieutenant in the Confederate Army until the war ended and he was still only 18 years old; graduated, University of Virginia law department, 1867; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in Richmond, Va., 1867; unsuccessful can­ didate for Congress, 1880; U.S. attorney, eastern district of Virginia, 1882-83; resigned when he was elected to the U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1883-85; not a candidate for renomination; unsuccessful Re­ John Wise, wounded at the Battle o f New Market

publican candidate for Governor of Virginia, 1885; moved to New York City and practiced law; died near Princess Anne, Somerset County, Md. (See inset article below)

SCOTT FIELD (1847-1931), V IR G IN IA 1868 R epresentative fro m Texas, 1903-07; D em ocrat Born in Canton, Miss.; enlisted in the Confederate Army's Harvey Scouts during the Civil War; later served in Major General W.H. Jackson’s division, Forrest’s corps; resumed his studies, 1865; taught school for two years; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1872; moved to Calvert, Texas, and practiced law, 1872; prosecuting attorney, Robertson County, 1878-82; State senate, 1887-91; U.S. House of Representatives, 1903-07; not a candidate for reelection; resumed law practice until 1913 when he engaged in agricultural pursuits; died in Calvert.

JOHN MILLS ALLEN (1846-1917), C U M B E R L A N D 1869 R epresen tative fro m M ississippi, 1885-1901; D em ocrat Born in Tishomingo County, Miss.; enlisted as a private in Confederate Army, served through­ out Civil War; attended Cumberland University; graduated, University of Mississippi law depart­ ment, 1870; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in Tupelo, Miss.; district attorney, 1st judi­ cial district of Mississippi, 1875-79; U.S. House of Representatives, 1885-1901; chairman, Com­ mittee on Expenditures in the Department of Justice, 1891-93; Committee on Levees and Im­ provements of the Mississippi River, 1893-95; declined to run for reelection, 1900; U.S. commis­ sioner to the St. Louis Exposition, 1904; resumed law practice in Tupelo; died there.

John Wise: bearer o f bad news fro m R obert E. Lee to Jefferson Davis Near the end of the Civil War, John Wise was adjutant of artillery defenses of the Richmond and Danville Railroad. At the time of Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Court House, he was carrying dispatches. He had the distinction of carrying the last dispatch from Lee to President Davis. Hearing of Lee’s surrender, while carrying a return missive, he went to Johnson’s army and remained with it until it, too, surrendered.

Author of The Lion’s Skin, which tells a story of people who went to Virginia after the Civil War and played an important part in the complicated course of reconstruction.

Part history, part romance, the novel gives a graphic picture of those exciting times by one who should know, John Wise, Confederate fighter and Republican congressman.

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WILLIAM DALLAS BYNUM (1846-1927), IN D IA N A 1869 Representative from Indiana, 1885-95; Mayor, Washington, Ind., 1875-79; Democrat Born near Newberry, Ind.; studied law; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in Washing­ ton, Ind., 1872; city clerk; city attorney, 1871-74; mayor, 1875-79; moved to Indianapolis, 1880; State house of representatives, 1881-85; speaker, 1885; U.S. House of Representatives, 188595; whip of the Democratic minority; censured by the House, May 17, 1890, for use of unparliamentary language; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1894; active in organizing the National (Gold-Standard) Democratic Party, 1896; chairman, new party’s national commit­ tee, 1896-98; settled in Washington, DC; appointed by President McKinley to the commission to codify the U.S. criminal laws, 1900-06; retired from law practice; died in Indianapolis.

WILLIAM MEDCALF KINSEY (1846-1931), M O N M O U T H 1869 R epresentative fro m M issouri, 1889-91; R epublican Born in Mount Pleasant, Ohio; settled in Muscatine County, Iowa, 1863; studied law at Univer­ sity of Iowa, 1871; admitted to the bar, 1872, and commenced practice in Muscatine County; moved to St. Louis, Mo., 1875, and practiced law; U.S. House of Representatives, 1889-91; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1890; resumed law practice in St. Louis; judge, circuit court of St. Louis, 1904-17; resumed law practice; died in St. Louis.

JOHN M. PATTISON (1847-1906), O H IO W E S L E Y A N 1869 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1891-93; G overnor o f Ohio, 1906; D em ocrat Born near Owensville, Ohio; Union Army, 1864; studied law; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in Cincinnati, Ohio, 1872; State house of representatives, 1873; attorney for the com­ mittee on safety of Cincinnati, 1874-76; vice president, manager, Union Central Life Insurance Co. of Cincinnati, 1881, president, 1891; State senate, 1890; U.S. House of Representatives, 1891-93; unsuccessful candidate for reelection; Governor of Ohio, 1906; died in Milford, Ohio.

WILLIAM ELIJAH FULLER (1846-1918), IO W A 1870 R epresentative fro m Iow a, 1885-89; R epublican Born in Howard, Pa.; moved with his parents to West Union, Iowa, 1853; attended Iowa and Iowa State universities, graduating from the law department of Iowa State, 1870; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in West Union; Office of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior, 1866-67; West Union Board of Education for six years; State house of representatives, 1876-77; U.S. House of Representatives, 1885-89; declined to run for reelection, 1888; assis­ tant attorney general, Spanish Treaty Claims Commission, 1901-07; resumed law practice in West Union; died in Washington, DC.

ROBERT WALTER MIERS (1848-1930), I N D I A N A 1870 R ep resen tative fr o m Indiana, 1897-1905; D em ocrat Born near Greensburg, Ind.; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Bloomington, Ind., 1872; prosecuting attorney, 10th judicial circuit of Indiana, 1875-79; State house of repre­ sentatives, 1879; board of trustees, Indiana University, 1879-97; judge, 10th judicial circuit of Indiana, 1883-96; unsuccessful nominee for secretary of state, 1886 and 1888; U.S. House of Representatives, 1897-1905; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1904; resumed law prac­ tice, 1905; elected judge, 10th circuit of Indiana, 1914-20; continued law practice in Bloomington until 1938; died while on a visit to Martinsville, Ind.

102

JOHN MILTON GLOVER (1852-1929), W A S H IN G T O N I N ST. L O U IS 1871 R epresentative fro m M issouri, 1885-89; D em ocrat Born in St. Louis, Mo.; studied law and commenced law practice in St. Louis; U.S. House of Representatives, 1885-89; not a candidate for renomination, 1888, unsuccessful candidate for Democratic gubernatorial nomination, 1888; renewed law practice, 1889, in St. Louis until 1909, moved to Denver, Colo., and continued his law practice; died in Pueblo, Colo.

FRANK GAY CLARKE (1850-1901), D A R T M O U T H 1873 R epresen tative fro m N ew H am pshire, 1897-1901, R epublican Born in Wilton, N.H.; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1876; commenced practice in Peterboro, N.H.; State house of representatives, 1885-89; colonel on the military staff of Governor Hale, 1885-87; State senate, 1889-91; speaker of the State senate; State house of representatives, 1891-97; U.S. House of Representatives, 1897-1901; died in Peterboro.

MARTIN NELSON JOHNSON (1850-1909), IO W A 1873 R epresentative fro m North D akota, 1891-99; U.S. Senator, 1909; Republican For his complete biography, see page 81.

HENRY SHERMAN BOUTELL (1856-1926), N O R T H W E S T E R N 1874 R epresentative fro m Illinois, 1897-1911; M inister P lenipotentiary to Portugal, 1911, an d to Sw itzerland, 1911-13; R epublican Born in Boston, Mass.; graduated from Northwestern University, 1874, and Harvard Univer­ sity, 1876; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1879; and commenced practice in Chicago, III; State house of representatives, 1884-85; U.S. House of Represenatives, 1897-1911; chairman, Committee on Expenditures in the Navy Department, 1907-11; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1910; trustee, Northwestern University, 1899-1911; Envoy Extraordinary and Minis­ ter Plenipotentiary to Portugal, 1911, and to Switzerland, 1911-13; professor of constitutional and international law, Georgetown University, 1914-23; died on a trip in San Remo, Italy.

Boutell was described as short of stature, very erect and dignified of carriage, alert in move­ ment . . . an effective speaker and of considerable influence. He did not find the diplomatic service to his liking. He declined the chief justiceship of the U.S. court of claims, tendered by President Taft in 1913. His final public service was as chairman of a board of arbitration which settled an important dispute between the operatives and officers of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad. As a congressman, he often found himself unwillingly following party lines. In his political opinions he was fairly liberal, but in the regulation of purely personal affairs and conduct he was notably conservative. He was a rare combination of force and urbanity.

WEBSTER EVERETT BROWN (1851-1929), W IS C O N S IN 1874 Representative, Wisconsin, 1901-07; Mayor, Rhinelander, Wis. 1894-95; Republican Born near Peterboro Village, N.Y.; moved with his parents to Wisconsin, 1857; resided in Newport, then in Hull and Stockton; engaged in logging and lumber, Stevens Point, Wis., 1875; moved to Rhinelander, Wis., 1882; continued in timber business; also engaged in manufac­ ture of paper; mayor of Rhinelander, 1894-95; U.S. House of Represenatives, 1901-07; chair­ man, Committee on Mines and Mining, 1903-07; not a candidate for renomination in 1906; re­ sumed former business and manufacturing pursuits in Rhinelander; died in Chicago, III.

BETA STATESMEN

103

JOSEPH LAFAYETTE RAWLINS (1850-1926), IN D IA N A 1874 House o f Representatives, 1892-95; Senator from Utah, 1897-1903; Democrat For his complete biography, see page 81.

HENRY ST. GEORGE TUCKER (1853-1932) W A S H IN G T O N A N D L E E 1875 R epresentative fro m Virginia, 1889-97, 1922-32; D em ocrat Born in Winchester, Va.; admitted to the bar, 1875, and commenced practice in Staunton, Va.; U.S. House of Representatives, 1889-97; not a candidate for renomination in 1896; professor of constitutional law and equity, Washington and Lee University, 1897; dean, law school, 1900; dean, school of law and diplomacy, George Washington University, 1905; president, Jamestown Exposition Co., 1905-07; president, American Bar Association, 1905; unsuccessful candidate for nomination for governor of Virginia, 1909 and 1921; U.S. House of Representatives, 1922-32; died in Lexington, Va. Following a precedent set by his grandfather, who bore the same name, Rep. Tucker refused to accept the higher salary voted by the Senate and House in 1924. Commenting, a newsman said, “In refusing to accept the $2,500 salary increase, Rep. Tucker of Lexington, Va., is likely to create one of the oddest legal problems of recent years. The question whether a member of Congress can refuse to accept his pay will be referred to the Comptroller-General, who will make a ruling. Rep. Tucker is now faced with the difficulty of collecting part of his salary without accept­ ing the additional bit that he objects to.”

BENJAMIN BAKER ODELL, JR. (1854-1926), B E T H A N Y 1877 Representative from New York, 1895-99; Governor o f New York, 1901-04; Republican Born in Newburgh, N.Y.; attended Bethany and Columbia colleges; entered upon a commer­ cial carreer; U.S. House of Representatives, 1895-99; chairman, Committee on Accounts, 189799; president, Orange County Traction Co. and Central Hudson Steamboat Co.; Governor of New York, 1901-04; president, Newburg Chamber of Commerce for 10years, died in Newburgh.

In an article by his friend and Beta brother, Rev. Ferdinand C. Iglehard, DePauw 1867, in Stevens magazine, Odell was described as “well poised, of even disposition and a good listener and excellent judge of men. He is loyal to his friends, devoted to his family and possesses excellent executive abilty. It enabled him to step swiftly from the tail of the wagon to the control of the ice business, to put steam heat under the streets and to hang electric wires above them in his native city; to supplant the horse trolley car with the trolley; to run an electric line 12 miles to the city of Walden; to reorganize successfully the Highland Bank of Newburgh, and to organize the Hudson River Steamboat Company.

“Amidst the temptations that usually beset public life,” Inlehard added, Bethany’s Odell

“Mr. Odell has had a substratum of principle which has kept him manly and true.”

104

“A n d y o u ’re a Beta, too!”

An article in the Saturday Evening Post, early 1910: “Rep. (Ezekiel Samuel) Candler is a well-known worker along fraternal lines and active in his Baptist church. To be exact about it, he is one of the greatest joiners our Congress has ever known, and our Congress has had some pretty hefty grip-and-password citizens in it. When you get him started he can give more grand hailing signs than any two of his colleagues. Just scan this list: Ezekiel is a Mason, an Odd Fellow, a Beta Theta Pi, a Knight of Honor, an Elk and a Knight of Pythias, especially the Knights. When he gets all his insignia on he looks like a jeweler’s window on the day before Christmas. Talk about beating him for Congress! You couldn’t beat him in a close district, to say nothing of his own district where he had no opposition.”

EDWARD EVERETT HOLLAND, (1861-1941), R I C H M O N D 1879 Representative from Virginia, 1911-21; M ayor o f Suffolk, Va., 1885-87; D em ocrat Born near Suffolk, Va.; attended Richmond College, graduated from University of Virginia, Charlottesville; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1882, and commenced practice in Suffolk; mayor of Suffolk, 1885-87; Commonwealth attorney, Nansemond County, 1887-1907; presi­ dent, Farmers Bank of Nansemond, 1892; State senate, 1907-11; U.S. House of Representa­ tives, 1911-21; not a candidate for renomination, 1920; resumed banking pursuits; State sen­ ate, 1930-41; died in Suffolk.

EZEKIEL SAMUEL CANDLER, JR. (1862-1944), M I S S I S S I P P I 1881 R epresentative fro m M ississippi, 1901-21; D em ocrat Born in Belleville, Fla.; moved with his parents to Tishomingo County, Miss., 1870; graduated from the law department, University of Mississippi; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in Luka, Miss.; moved to Corinth, 1887, continued law practice; U.S. House of Representatives, 1901-21; chairman, Committee on Alcoholic Liquor Traffic, 1919-21; unsuccesssful candidate for renomination, 1920; resumed law practice; mayor of Corinth, Miss., 1933-37; died in Corinth.

WILLIAM STROTHER COWHERD (1860-1915), M I S S O U R I 1881 Representative from Missouri, 1897-1905; M ayor o f Kansas City, 1892; D em ocrat Born near Lees Summit, Mo.; graduated from the law department, University of Missouri, 1882; admitted to the bar, commenced practice in Kansas City, Mo.; assistant prosecuting attorney, Jackson County, 1885-89; first assistant city counselor of Kansas City, 1890; mayor of Kansas City, 1892; U.S. House of Representatives, 1897-1905; unsuccessful for reelection, 1904; re­ sumed law practice in Kansas City; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Governor, 1908; moved to Pasadena, Calif.; continued law practice; died in Pasadena.

JOHN JACOB LENTZ (1856-1931), W O O S T E R 1881 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1897-1901; D em ocrat Born near St. Clairsville, Ohio; taught school four years; graduated, National Normal Univer­ sity, Lebanon, Ohio, 1877; University of Wooster, 1877-78; graduated, University of Michigan, 1882, and in law from Columbia University, 1883; admitted to the bar, 1883, and practiced law; founder, American Insurance Union, 1894, and its president until his death; trustee, Ohio Univer­ sity; U.S. House of Representatives, 1897-1901; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1900; campaigned in many states in support of the 18th and 19th amendments to the Constitution; retired from law practice, 1915; engaged in insurance; died in Columbus, Ohio.

BETA STATESMEN

105

CHARLES FREDERICK SCOTT (1860-1938), K A N S A S 1881 R epresentative fro m Kansas, 1901-11; Republican Born near lola, Kan; moved to Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona, clerical work; returned to lola, 1882; editor, lola Register, regent, University of Kansas, 1891-1900; State senate, 189296; U.S. House of Representatives, 1901-11; chairman, Committee on Agriculture, 1907-1911; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1910; delegate, International Institute of Agriculture, Rome, 1911; lectured on Chautauqua platform, 1913-16; unsuccessful candidate for nomina­ tion to U.S. Senate, 1918 and 1928; resumed newspaper work until his death in lola.

Scott was one of the prairie editors who had an important part in the affairs of the U.S. since early in the 20th century. His special contribution to the national welfare was the county field agent plan, which serves agriculture throughout the nation. He conceived the plan when the Mexican boll weevil ruined many of the cotton fields. At his suggestion, trained men were sent into the infected districts to teach farmers how to grow food crops suitable to the soil and climate. The county agent plan as it exists today in all states grew out of that beginning. In 1911, he was a delegate from the U.S. to the International Institute of Agriculture in Rome and in 1915 went to Belgium with a shipload of food and clothing contributed by Kansas.

JOHN M.C. SMITH (1853-1923), M I C H I G A N 1881 R epresentative fro m M ichigan, 1911-21; R epublican Born in Belfast, Ireland; immigrated to the U.S. in 1885, and settled near Plymouth, Ohio; moved to Charlotte, Mich., in 1867; engaged in agriculture and worked as a mason; graduated from University of Michigan, 1879, and from the law department, 1880; admitted to the bar, 1882, and commenced practice in Detroit; prosecuting attorney, Eaton County, 1885-88; presi­ dent, First National Bank of Charlotte, 1898; also engaged in manufacturing and agriculture; board of aldermen, 1903; State constitutional convention, 1908; U.S. House of Representa­ tives, 1911-21; chairman, Committee on Labor, 1919-21; died in Charlotte.

GEORGE WASHINGTON CROMER (1856-1936), IN D IA N A 1882 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1899-1907; M ayor, M uncie, 1894-98; R epublican Born near Anderson, Ind.; attended Wittenberg College; graduated, Indiana University, 1882; editor, Muncie, Ind., Times; 1883; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1886; commenced practice in Muncie; prosecuting attorney, Indiana's 46th judicial circuit, 1886-90; State Republican com­ mittee, 1892 and 1894; mayor, Muncie, 1894-98; U.S. House of Representatives, 1899-1907; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1906; resumed law practice in Muncie until his death.

Can you top this?

Remarkably, DePauw chapter had, among only 270 members in 1880, in addition to Colfax as a U.S. Vice President, a Secretary of the Interior, a foreign minister, a Secretary of Legation, two U.S. consuls, Comptroller of the Treasury, three U.S. Senators, a Speaker and 10 members of the House of Representatives, two governors, a lieutenant governor, 21 members of state legislatures, seven judges, 14 college presidents, 18 college professors, two brigadier generals, seven colonels, two lieutenant colonels, 35 other military officers and 14 soldiers. It was perhaps the largest contingent of national leadership among a relatively small membership in the history of the Fraternity.— Reprinted in the May, 1880, issue, The Beta Theta Pi, from The Leadership o f Congress, by George Rothwell Brown

106

PATRICK HENRY (1861-1933), M I S S I S S I P P I 1882 R epresentative fro m M ississippi, 1901-03; D em ocrat Born near Helena, Ark.; moved with his parents to Vicksburg, Miss., 1865; attended U.S. Mili­ tary Academy; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1882, and commenced practice; Vicksburg; city attorney, 1884-88; State senate, 1888-90; district attorney, 9th judicial district, 1890-1900; circuit judge, 9th judicial district, 1900-01; U.S. House of Representatives, 1901-03; unsuccessful can­ didate for reelection, 1902; resumed law practice in Vicksburg until his death.

ANDREW JACKSON MONTAGUE (1862-1937) R I C H M O N D 1 8 8 2 /V IR G IN IA 1885 Representative from Virginia, 1913-37; Governor o f Virginia, 1902-06; Democrat Born near Lynchburg, Va., where his family had fled to escape the Civil War; graduated from Richmond College, 1882, and from law department, University of Virginia, 1885; admitted to the bar, 1885, and commenced practice in Danville, Va.; appointed by President Cleveland as U.S. attorney for western district of Virginia, 1893-98; attorney general of Virginia, 1898-1902; gover­ nor of Virginia, 1902-06; unsuccessful candidate for nomination as U.S. Senator, 1905; American delegate to 3rd Conference of American Republics, Rio de Janiero, 1906; dean, Richmond Col­ lege Law School, 1906-09; resumed law practice in Richmond, 1909; delegate, 3rd International Conference on Maritime Law, Brussels, Bel­ gium, 1909-10; trustee, Carnegie Institute, Washington, DC, and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1913-37; president, American Society for Judicial Settlement of International Disputes, 1917; president, American Peace Society, 1920-24; appointed by House of Representatives to conduct impeach­ ment proceedings against George W. English, judge of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Illinois, 1926; president, American group Virginia’s Montague of the Interparliamentary Union, 1930-35; died at his country home, Urbanna, Va. Noted for his many efforts to promote international peace, he was a director of the Carnegie Endowment in Europe, Inc., its object to abolish war by the creation of a better feeling among nations through promotion of a peaceful solution of international difficulties. Dr. Montague was trustee, Society for American Fellowships in French Universities, and president of the American Society for the Judicial Settlement of International Disputes.

An article in World’s Work, February 1925, on the “Cabinet before Congress,” reported: “Montague introduced a bill in 1913 and has reintroduced it at every session since, permitting members of the Cabinet to have seats in Congress with the right to debate on questions affecting their departments. Opponents argue that it would contravene the separation of the executive and legislative departments as established by the Constitution.”

CHARLES BEARY LANDIS (1858-1922), W A B A S H 1883 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1897-1909; Republican Born in Millville, Ohio; editor, Logansport Journal, 1883-87, and Delphi Journal', U.S. House of Representatives, 1897-1909; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1908; resumed newspaper work in Delphi, Ind.; died in Asheville, N.C., where he had gone because of poor health.

BETA STATESMEN

107

THOMAS LEWIS RUBEY (1862-1928), M I S S O U R I 1884 Representative from Missouri, 1911-21,1923-28; Lt. Governor o f Missouri, 1903-05; D em ocrat Born in Lebanon, Mo.; superintendent of schools, Lebanon, 1886-91; teacher, Missouri School of Mines, 1891-98; State house of representatives, 1891-92; moved to La Plata, Mo., 1898, and organized a bank; State senate, 1901-03; president of the senate, 1903; Lieutenant Governor, 1903-05; returned to Lebanon and engaged in banking, 1905; president, State Bank, Lebanon, 1914-28; U.S. House of Representatives, 1911-21; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1920; again elected to Congress in 1922 and served 1923-28, until his death in Lebanon.

FRANK ORREN LOWDEN (1861-1943), IO W A 1885 Representative from Illinois, 1906-11; Governor o f Illinois, 1917-21; Republican Born in Sunrise, Minn.; moved with his parents to Point Pleasant, Iowa, 1868; graduated from Iowa State University and Union College (now Northwestern University) of Law, Chicago, 1887; admitted to the bar, 1887; commenced law practice in Chicago; lieutenant colonel, 1st Regiment, Infantry, Illinois National Guard, 1898-1903; professor of law, Northwestern University, 1899; moved to Oregon, III., 1903; U.S. House of Representatives, 1906-11; declined renomination, 1910; Governor of Illinois, 1917-21; nominated as Republican candidate for Vice President of the U.S., 1924, but declined; offered an ambassadorship to Great Britain (Court of St. James) by President Calvin Coolidge, but declined; offered to be Secretary of the Navy but declined; died in Tucson, Ariz.

He gained wide notice as governor for his reorganization of the state government and by effectively handling the Chicago race riots in 1919.

In 1920, he was considered a contender for the Republican presidential nomination. He was deadlocked with Leonard Wood at 311-1/2 votes on the eighth ballot, which enabled Warren G. Harding to gain the nomi­ nation. In 1924, he refused to run as vice president with Harding on the Republican ticket. Calvin Coolidge, the second choice, accepted and became president upon Harding’s death.

Lowden was a friend of Alexander Legge and an enthusiastic supporter of the Farm Founda­ tion. After Legge’s death, Lowden assumed leadership of the foundation. He was chairman of its board of trustees from 1933 until his death in 1943. Lowden bequeathed 21,000 acres in Lincoln County and Desha County, Arkansas, to the Farm Foundation.

On Feb 15, 1925, he was designated head of a national committee of citizens, organized to arouse the country to the importance of saving the national forests and of reforesting cut-over and burned-over forest lands.

WILLIAM FRANCIS STEVENSON (1861-1942), D A V I D S O N 1885 Representative, South Carolina, 1917-33; Mayor o f Cheraw, S.C., 1895-96; Democrat Born in Loray, N.C.; taught school, 1879-80, again in 1885-87 while studying law; admitted to the bar, 1887, and commenced practice in Chesterfield, S.C.; moved to Cheraw, N.C., 1892, and continued law practice; mayor of Cheraw, 1895-96; State house of representatives, 1897-1902, speaker, 1900-02; district counsel, Seaboard Air Line Railway, 1900-17; general counsel, State dispensary commission, 1907-11; State house of representatives, 1897-1914; U.S. House of Representatives, 1917-33; unsuccessful candidate for renomination, 1932; Federal Home Loan Bank Board, Washington, DC, 1933-39; chairman, 1933; died in Washington, DC.

108

WALTER ALLEN WATSON (1867-1919), H A M P D E N -S Y D N E Y 1887 R epresentative fro m Virginia, 1913-19; D em ocrat Born in Nottoway County, Va.; attended “old field” school; studied law, University of Virginia, 1888-89; admitted to the bar, 1893, and commenced practice in Nottoway and adjoining coun­ ties; State senate, 1891-95; Commonwealth attorney, 1895-1904; circuit judge, 4th judicial circuit of Virginia, 1904-12; U.S. House of Representatives, 1913-19; chairman, Committee on Elections, 1917-19; died in Washington, DC.

E.D. CLAUDE WEAVER (1867-1954), T E X A S 1887 R epresentative fro m Oklahom a, 1913-15; D em ocrat Born in Gainesville, Texas; graduated law, University of Texas, admitted to the bar, practiced in Gainesville, 1887-95; assistant prosecuting attorney, Cooke County, Texas, 1892; moved to Pauls Valley, Indian Territory, 1895, and to Oklahoma City, Okla., 1902; Oklahoma City board of Free­ holders, 1910; U.S. House of Representatives, 1913-15; unsuccessful candidate for renomina­ tion and for election to fill a House vacancy, 1919; postmaster, Oklahoma City, 1915-23; county attorney, Oklahoma County, 1926; legal adviser/secretary to Governor W.H. Murray, 1931-34; district judge, 13th Oklahoma district, 1934-35; returned to law practice; author of Oklahoma City charter; founded first system of public schools in Indian Territory; died in Oklahoma City. Note: The Beta database lists him as “E. Dclaude” Weaver, perhaps erroneously.

IRA EDGAR RIDER (1868-1906), ST. L A W R E N C E 1888 R epresentative fro m N ew York, 1903-05; D em ocrat Born in Jersey City, N.J.; attended College of the City of New York; graduated from St. Lawrence University; studied law; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in New York City; secretary to president of Manhattan Borough, 1898-1902; U.S. House of Representatives, 1903-05; not a candidate for renomination, 1904; resumed law practice; died in New York City.

TOWNSEND SCUDDER (1865-1960), C O L U M B IA 1888 R epresen tative fro m N ew York, 1899-1901, 1903-05; D em ocrat Born in Northport, N.Y.; admitted to the bar, 1889, and commenced practice in New York City; corporation counsel for Queens County, N.Y., 1893-99; U.S. House of Representatives, 18991901; declined renomination; resumed law practice; U.S. House of Representatives, 1903-05; declined renomination; justice of the State supreme court, 1907-20; resumed law practice; State park commissioner and vice president of Long Island State Park Commission, 1924-27; State supreme court, 1927-36; died in Greenwich, Conn.

CHARLES MONTAGUE BAKEWELL (1867-1957), C A L IF O R N IA 1889 R epresentative fro m C onnecticut, 1933-35; R epublican Born in Pittsburgh, Pa.; after graduation from University of California, Berkeley, 1889, gradu­ ated from Harvard University, 1894;. attended Universities of Berlin, Strassburg and Paris, 1894-96; instructor in philosophy, Harvard, 1896-97, and University of California, 1900-05; professor of philosophy, Yale University, 1905-33; president, American Philosophical Assn., 1910; inspector and historian, rank of major and deputy commissioner, Italian Commission of the Ameri­ can Red Cross in Italy; chairman, commission to revise and codify the educational laws of the State of Connecticut, 1921-23; also an author and editor; U.S. House of Representatives, 193335; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1934; died in New Haven, Comm.

BETA STATESMEN

109

HOWARD SUTHERLAND (1865-1950), W E S T M IN S T E R 1889 R epresentative fro m West Virginia, 1913-17; Senator, 1917-23; Republican For his complete biography, see page 82.

JAMES ANDREW (JACK) BEALL (1866-1929), T E X A S 1890 R epresentative fro m Texas, 1903-15; D em ocrat Born on a farm near Midlothian, Texas; taught school, 1884-85; admitted to the bar and com足 menced practice in Waxahachie, Texas, 1890; State house of representatives, 1892-95; State senate, 1895-99; U.S. House of Representatives, 1903-15; chairman, Committee on Expendi足 tures in Department of Justice, 1911-13; declined renomination; moved to Dallas, 1914, and resumed law practice; also engaged in banking; president, Texas Electric Railway Co., 1921-29; died in Dallas.

JOSEPH WELLINGTON BYRNS (1869-1936), V A N D E R B IL T 1891 Representative, Tennessee, 1909-36; Speaker o f the House, 1935-36; Democrat For his complete biography, see page 18, also photo on page 110.

ABRAM PIATT ANDREW, JR. (1873-1936), W A B A S H 1892 R epresentative fro m M assachusetts, 1921-36; A ssistan t Secretary o f the Treasury, 1910-12; Republican Born in LaPorte, Ind.; left Wabash College and graduated from Princeton College, 1893; Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, 1893-98; postgraduate studies, Universities of Halle, Berlin and Paris; moved to Gloucester, Mass., assistant professor of economics, Harvard, 190009; editor of publications, National Monetary Commission, 1908-11; director of the Mint, 1909-10; Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, 1910-12; served in France more than four years during World War I, first with French Army, then with U.S. Army; commissioned major, U.S. Army, 1917; promoted to lieutenant colonel, 1918; organized and directed the American Field Service with the French army, composed of 44 volunteer ambulance and transport sections, including more than 2,000 Amercan volunteers and more than 1,000 donated vehicles, 1914-17; U.S. House of Rep足 resentatives, 1921-36; board of trustees, Princeton University, 1932-36; died in Gloucester, Mass.

France honored him with the Croix de Guerre and made him a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor; Congress voted him a Distinguished Service Medal.

WILLIAM FREDERICK KOPP (1869-1938), IO W A W E S L E Y A N 1892 R epresentative fro m Iowa, 1921-33; Republican Born near Dodgeville, Iowa; graduated from Iowa Wesleyan and from University of Iowa law department, 1894; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, 1894; prosecuting attorney, Henry County, 1895-99; postmaster, Mount Pleasant, 1906-14; board of trustees, Iowa Wesleyan College, 1908-38; State house of representatives, 1915-17; U.S. House of Representatives, 1921-33; chairman, Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Navy, 1923-25; Committee on Labor, 1925-31; Committee on Pensions, 1929-31; unsuc足 cessful for reelection in 1932; engaged in law practice at Mount Pleasant until his death.

110

CHARLES EDWIN WINTER (1870-1948), IO W A W E S L E Y A N 1892 Representative from Wyoming, 1923-29; Governor, Puerto Rico, 1933; Republican Born in Muscatine, Iowa; attended Iowa Wesleyan; graduated, Nebraska Wesleyan, 1892; studied law; admitted to the bar, commenced practice, Omaha, Neb., 1895; moved to Encamp­ ment, Wyo., 1902, to Casper, Wyo., 1903; judge, 6th judicial district of Wyoming, 1913-19; re­ signed, resumed law practice at Casper; U.S. House of Representatives, 1923-29; not a candi­ date for renomination; unsuccessful candidate for U.S. Senate, 1928; attorney general, Puerto Rico, 1932-33; Acting Governor, Puerto Rico, 1933; resumed law practice; died in Casper.

WILLIAM BEN CRAVENS (1872-1939), M I S S O U R I 1893 R epresentative fro m A rkansas, 1907-13, 1933-39; D em ocrat Born in Fort Smith, Ark.; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Fort Smith, 1893; city attorney, Fort Smith, 1898-1902; prosecuting attorney, 12th judicial district of Arkansas, 1902-08; U.S. House of Representatives, 1907-13; did not stand for reelection in 1912; resumed law prac­ tice; U.S. House of Representatives, 1933-39; died in Washington, DC.

BERTRAND HOLLIS SNELL (1870-1958), A M H E R S T 1894 R epresentative fro m New York, 1915-39; M inority Leader, 1931-39; Republican Born in Colton, N.Y.; graduated from N.Y. State Normal School, Potsdam, N.Y., 1889, and from Amherst College, 1894; began work as a bookkeeper; became secretary and manager of a paper company, Potsdam; organized Canton Lum­ ber Co., Potsdam, 1904; president and man­ ager of cheese manufacturing company, New York City; owner, power plant, Higley Falls, N.Y.; director, Northern New York Trust Co., Agricul­ tural Insurance Co. of Watertown, N.Y. and Gould Pumps, Inc., Seneca Falls, N.Y.; vice president, Northern New York Development League, 1908-10; president, board of trustees, Clarkson College, Potsdam, 1920-45; U.S. House of Representatives, 1915-39; chairman, Committee on War Claims, 1921-23; Commit­ tee on Rules, 1923-31; House minority leader, 1931-39; did not stand for renomination, 1938; publisher, Potsdam Courier-Freeman newspa­ per, 1934-49; owner and manager, New York State Oil Co. of Kansas, 1941; died in Potsdam. Congressman Snell, minority leader, contested for the Speakership with then ma­ jority leader, the late Joseph W. Byrnes, Vanderbilt 1891, believed to be the only in­ stance in history when two members of the Democrat Joseph Byrns, Vanderbilt 1891 (left), was speaker o f the House o f Representatives, and Republican Bertrand Snell, Amherst 1894, was House minority leader in the 1930s.

same fraternity contested for this role.

BETA STATESMEN

111

ARTHUR BLYTHE ROUSE (1874-1956), H A N O V E R 1896 Representative fro m Kentucky, 1911-27; D em ocrat Born in Burlington, Ky.; graduated from Hanover College, 1896, and from Louisville Law School, 1900; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Burlington, 1900; first secretary, Kentucky State Racing Commission, 1907-11; State revenue commissioner; secretary to Representative Daniel L. Gooch and Representative Joseph L. Rhinoch; U.S. House of Representatives, 191127; did not run in 1926; resumed law practice in Erlanger, Ky.; operated several bus companies; appointed clerk of U.S. District Court for Eastern District of Kentucky, 1935-53; died in Lexington, Ky.

CHARLES NOEL CROSBY (1876-1951), W E S T E R N R E S E R V E 1897 Representative fro m Pennsylvania, 1933-39; D em ocrat Born in Cherry Valley, Ohio; attended Allegheny College, Pa.; graduated, Western Reserve University; moved to Linesville, Pa., 1901; engaged in manufacture of silos, lumbering and agriculture; Linesville and Meadville Boards of Education, 1920-29; U.S. House of Representa足 tives, 1933-39; unsuccessful candidate for renomination, 1938; moved to Montgomery County, Md., 1940, and operated a large dairy farm near Clarksburg; died in Frederick, Md. .

FRED DICKINSON LETTS (1875-1965), IO W A 1899 R epresentative fro m Iow a, 1925-31; R epublican Born near Ainsworth, Iowa; graduated from Parsons College, 1897, and University of Iowa law department, 1899; commenced law practice in Davenport, Iowa; judge, 7th judicial district of Iowa, 1911-25; U.S. House of Representatives, 1925-31; unsuccessful for relection, 1930; appointed by President Herbert Hoover to be associate justice, DC Supreme Court (now U.S. District Court for DC), 1931-61; died in Washington, DC.

CLIFFORD CADY IRELAND (1878-1930), K N O X 1901 R epresentative fro m Illinois, 1917-23; R epublican Born in Washburn, III.; attended Knox College; graduated from University of Wisconsin, 1901, and from Illinois College of Law, Chicago, 1908; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Peoria, III., 1909; private, Illinois National Guard during the Spanish-American War; U.S. House of Representatives, 1917-23; chairman, Committee on Accounts, 1919-23; unsuccess足 ful candidate for renomination, 1922; resumed law practice in Peoria; director, department of trade and commerce of Illinois, 1923-26; commander in chief of the Sons of Veterans in the U.S.; died in Chicago.

JAMES THOMAS BEGG (1877-1963), W O O S T E R 1903 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1919-29; R epublican Born on a farm near Lima, Ohio; taught school; superintendent of public schools, Columbus Grove, Ohio, 1905-10, Ironton, Ohio, 1910-13, and Sandusky, Ohio, 1913-17; campaign direc足 tor and lecturer throughout the U.S. for American City Bureau of New York, 1917-19; U.S. House of Representatives, 1919-29; did not run for renomination, 1928; engaged in banking; unsuc足 cessful candidate for Congress, 1942; business consultant and farmer; moved to Oklahoma City, Okla., 1959, where he died.

112

JEREMIAH EDWARD O ’CONNELL (1883-1964), B O S T O N 1906 R epresentative fro m R hode Island, 1923-27, 1929-30; D em ocrat Born in Wakefield, Mass.; graduated from Boston University law school, 1908; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Boston; moved to Providence, R.I., 1908, and continued law practice; city council, 1913-19; board of aldermen, 1919-21; U.S. House of Representatives, 1923-27; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1926; U.S. House of Representatives, 1929-30; resigned May 9,1930, when appointed associate justice, Rhode Island Superior Court, 1930-35; presiding justice, 1935-48; associate justice, 1948-56; died in Cranston, R.l.

GEORGE M. PRITCHARD (1886-1955), N O R T H C A R O U N A 1907 R epresentative fro m North Carolina, 1929-31; Republican Born near Mars Hill, N.C.; attended University of North Carolina and University of South Caro­ lina law department; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Greenville, S.C., 1908; moved to Marshall, N.C., 1910, and practiced law; State house of representatives, 1916-17; trustee, University of North Carolina, 1917; solicitor, 19th judicial district, 1919-22; moved to Asheville, N.C., 1919, and practiced law; U.S. House of Representatives, 1929-31; not a candi­ date for renomination; unsuccessful candidate for election to U.S. Senate, 1930; resumed law practice, Asheville and Marshall, N.C.; unsuccessful candidate for Governor of North Carolina, 1948; died in Asheville, N.C.

JOHN HENRY RAY (1886-1975), M IN N E S O T A 1908 R epresentative fro m N ew York, 1953-63; R epublican Born in Mankato, Minn.; graduated, University of Minnesota and Harvard Law School, 1911; admitted to the Minnesota bar, 1912, and commenced practice in Minneapolis; assistant trust officer, Wells Dickey Trust Co., 1918-19; 1st lieutenant, Judge Advocate General’s Dept., 191819; assistant to special representative of Secretary of War Newton D. Baker, 1919, handling U.S. war claims with Allies; vice president, State Teachers College board, 1921-23; moved to Dongan Hills, N.Y. and associated with American Telephone & Telegraph Co., 1923-51; re­ sumed practice of law in New York City; U.S. House of Representatives, 1953-63; not a candi­ date for reelection, 1962; resumed law practice; died in Staten Island, N.Y..

JOSEPH R. FARRINGTON (1897-1954), W I S C O N S IN 1919 D elegate to Congress fro m the Territory o f H awaii, 1943-54; Republican Born in Washington, DC; moved with his parents to Hawaii; U.S. Army; 2nd lieutenant, Field Artillery, 1918; discharged, December 1918; reporter, Public Ledger, Philadelphia, 1919, and in Washington, DC, 1920-23; returned to Honolulu and Honolulu Star-Bulletin; president and general manager of the newspaper, 1939-54; sec­ retary to the Hawaii Legislative Commission, 1933; Territorial senate, 1934-42; Hawaiian delegate, U.S. House of Representatives, 1943-54; died in Washington, DC. When Hawaii became the 49th state, Farrington was credited with much of the groundwork by this hardworking repre­ sentative. Succeeded as a Republican Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives by his wife Mary Elizabeth Pruett Farrington (18981984), 1954-56; she was publisher, president and director, Honolulu Star Farrington o f Hawaii

Bulletin, 1945-63.

BETA STATESMEN

113

ABE McGREGOR GOFF (1899-1984), I D A H O 1922 Representative from Idaho, 1947-49; Solicitor, General Counsel, U.S. Postal Service, 1954-58; Interstate Commerce Commission, 1958-67; Republican Born in Colfax, Wash.; private, U.S. Army in World War I; graduated in law; admitted to the bar, 1924; commenced practice in Moscow, Idaho; prosecuting attorney, Latah County, 1926-34; president, Idaho State Bar, 1940; State senate, 1941; active duty, U.S. Army,

H

World War II, Provost Marshal, Cairo, Egypt; Gen. Douglas MacArthur’s staff in Japan; Camel Corps in Italian East Africa, special military emis­

sary to Emperor Haile Selassie; military aide during China’s Madame Chiang Kai-shek’s visit to the U.S.; Legion of Merit and eight campaign medals; discharged as a colonel; U.S. House of Representatives, 194749; solicitor and later general counsel, U.S. Post Office Department,

1954-58; Interstate Commerce Commission, 1958-67, one term as chair­ man; writer and lecturer in Moscow, Idaho, until his death.

Idaho’s Abe Goff

WAYNE NORVIEL ASPINALL (1896-1983), D E N V E R 1919 R epresentative fro m Colorado, 1949-73; D em ocrat Born in Middleburg, Ohio; moved with his parents to Palisade, Colo., 1904; studied at Univer­ sity of Denver until World War I, enlisted in the Air Service of the Signal Corps; discharged as a staff sergeant, flying cadet; graduated, 1919; taught school, Palisade, 1919-21; president, Mount Lincoln School District School Board, 1920-22; graduated, Denver Law School, admitted to the bar, commenced practice, 1925; engaged in peach orchard industry, taught school, 1925-33; Palisade Board of Trustees, 1926-34; district counsel, Home Owners Loan Corp., 1933-34; State house of representatives, 1931-34, 1937-38; Democratic whip, 1933; speaker, 1937-38; State senate, 1939-48; Democratic whip, 1939; majority floor leader, 1941; minority floor leader, 194347.

A captain in the U.S. Army Military Government branch during World War II, he the Normandy drive with the English 2nd Army. He was discharged in 1944.

Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, 1949-73; he was chair­ man, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, 1959-73; an unsuccess­ ful candidate for renomination in 1972, and resumed his law practice in Palisade where he died.

During his 24 years in Congress, he sponsored 1,000 pieces of legis­ lation, all of which passed. He played a key role in the 1964 Wilderness Act and Land and Water Conservation Fund Act. After retirement, he was a University of Wyoming political science professor and an execu­ tive and consultant for several mining and resource development com­ panies.

CHARLES ABRAHAM HALLECK (1900-86), IN D IA N A 1922 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1935-69; M ajority Leader; Republican For his complete biography, see page 38.

114

NORRIS H. COTTON (1900-89), W E S L E Y A N 1923 Representative, New Hampshire, 1947-54; U.S. Senate, 1954-74,1975; Republican For his complete biography, see page 86.

THOMAS AUGUSTUS PICKETT (1906-80), TEXAS 1928 R epresentative fro m Texas, 1945-52; D em ocrat Born in Travis, Texas, Aug. 14, 1906; studied law; admitted to the bar, 1929, and commenced practice in Palestine, Texas; county attorney, Anderson County, 1931-35; U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1945-52; vice president, National Coal Assn., 1952-61; vice president, Association of American Railroads, 1961-67; resided in Leesburg, Fla., until his death.

ALBERT DAVID BAUMHART, JR. (1908-2001), O H IO 1930 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1941-42; 1955-61; R epublican Born in Vermilion, Ohio; publishers representative, Vermilion, 1932-39; State senate, 193740; U.S. House of Representatives, 1941-42; resigned at the start of World War II; commis­ sioned, U.S. Navy, 1942; discharged as a lieutenant commander, 1946; public relations staff, Owens-Coming Fiberglas Corp., Toledo, Ohio, 1946-53; U.S. House of Representatives, 195561; not a candidate for renomination, 1960; public relations consultant; died in Lorain, Ohio.

JOHN H. WARE III (1908-97), P E N N S Y L V A N IA 1930 R epresentative fro m P ennsylvania, 1970-75, R epublican Born in Vineland, N.J.; public utility executive; burgess, borough of Pennsylvania, 1956-60; State senate, 1961-70; trustee, Lincoln University and University of Pennsylvania; U.S. House of Representatives, 1970-1975; not a candidate for reelection in 1974; died in Lancaster, Pa.

EDWARD J. STACK (1910-89), L E H I G H 1931 Representative, Florida, 1979-81; Mayor, Pompano Beach, Fla., 1965-66: Democrat Born in Bayonne, N.J.; J.D., University of Pennsylvania Law School, 1934; M.A, public law and government, Columbia University, 1938; instructor, economics, Hunter College; builder; real estate; banker; admitted to the bar, 1934; practiced in New York City; U.S. Coast Guard, 194246; city commissioner-mayor, Pompano Beach, 1965-66; sheriff, Broward County, 1968-78; U.S. House of Representatives, 1979-81; unsuccessful for reelection; died in Pompano Beach.

CHARLES M. TEAGUE (1909-74), S T A N F O R D 1931 R epresentative fro m C alifornia, 1955-74; R epublican Born in Santa Paula, Calif.; Stanford Law School, 1934; admitted to the bar, 1934, and com­ menced practice in Los Angeles and Ventura; U.S. Air Force, 1942-47; Air Force commendation ribbon; director, McKevett Corp. and Teague-McKevett Co.; U.S. House of Representatives, 1955-1974; died in Santa Paula, Calif.

JAMIE LLOYD WHITTEN (1910-95), M I S S I S S I P P I 1933 R epresentative fro m M ississippi, 1941-95; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 46.

BETA STATESMEN

115

THOMAS HALE BOGGS, SR. (1914-72), T U L A N E 1935 R epresentative fro m Louisiana, 1941-43, 1947-73; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 48.

ALBERT CONRAD ULLMAN (1914-86), W H I T M A N 1935 R epresentative fro m Oregon, 1957-81; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 50.

FRANK NEVILLE IKARD (1913-91), T E X A S 1936 R epresentative fro m Texas, 1951-61; D em ocrat Born in Henrietta, Texas: admitted to the bar and commenced prac­ tice in Wichita Falls, Texas, 1937; enlisted, U.S. Army, January 1944, 110th Infantry, 28th Division; captured during the Battle of the Bulge and spent more than a year as a German prisoner of war, where he was put to work in a brewery, 1944-45; judge, 30th Judicial District, Wichita Falls; chairman, Veterans Affairs Commission of Texas, 1948-49; judge, 30th District Court, 1948-51; U.S. House of Representatives, 1951-61; resigned; executive vice president, American Petroleum Institute, 1962-63; presi­ dent, 1963-80; resumed law practice, Washington, DC; chairman, Institu­ Ikard o f Texas

tional Communications Corp.; died in Washington, DC.

JOHN JACOB RHODES (1916-2003), K A N S A S S T A T E 1938 Representative from Arizona, 1953-83; M inority Leader, 1973-81; Republican For his complete biography, see page 52.

WENDELL W. WYATT (1917-2009 ), O R E G O N 1939 R epresentative fro m Oregon, 1964-75; Republican Born in Eugene, Ore.; L.L.B., University of Oregon, 1941; FBI agent; U.S. Marine Corps pilot, 1942-46; lawyer, private practice; U.S. House of Representatives, 1964-75; not a candidate for reelection in 1974; partner, Schwabe Williamson & Wyatt; commissioner, Port of Portland.

EDWARD H. KRUSE, JR. (1918-2000), IN D IA N A 1940 R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1949-51; D em ocrat Born in Fort Wayne, Ind.; graduated University of Indiana Law School, 1942; attended Butler University; lawyer, private practice; U.S. Navy, 1942-45 (As a Navy en­ sign, he volunteered for PT boat duty and was assigned to the Solomon Islands. En route his transport was torpedoed; he was commended for assisting in saving some of the personnel and PT boats. He was also decorated for action in the Guadalcanal, New G eorgia-M unda, Bougainville and Rabaul campaigns; discharged in 1945 as a lieuten­ ant); U.S. House of Representatives, 1949-51; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1950; judge, Allen County Superior Court No. 2, Fort Wayne, 1952; banker; businessman; financial consultant; died in Fort Kruse of Indiana

Lauderdale, Fla.

116

FRANK ELLIS SMITH (1918-97), M I S S I S S I P P I 1941 R epresentative fro m M ississippi, 1951-62; D em ocrat Born in Sidon, Miss.; graduated from Sunflower Junior College, Moorhead, Miss., 1936, and from the University of Mississippi, 1941; U.S. Army, 1942-46; captain, 243rd Field Artillery Battalion, 3rd Army; discharged as a major; manag­ ing editor, Greenwood Morning Star, 1946-47; student, American Uni­ versity, 1946; legislative assistant to U.S. Senator John Stennis, 194749; State senate, 1948-50; U.S. House of Representatives, 1951-62; unsuccessful for renomination, 1962; board of directors, Tennessee Valley Authority, 1962-72; associate director, Illinois State board of higher education, 1973-74; visiting professor, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, 1977-79; special assistant to Gov. William Winter of Mississippi, 198083; elected life fellow, Southern Regional Council, 1984; died in Jack­ son, Miss.

DONALD G. BROTZMAN (1922-2004), C O L O R A D O 1943 R epresentative fro m Colorado, 1963-65 an d 1967-75, A ssistan t Secretary o f the Army, 1975-77; Republican Born in Logan County, Colo.; graduated from University of Colorado in law, 1949; admitted to the bar, 1950; began practice in Boulder, Colo.; 1st lieutenant, 81st Infantry Division, South Pa­ cific, 1945-46; State house of representatives, 1942-54; leader, 1956; Republican gubernatorial nominee, 1954 and 1956; U.S. attorney for Colorado, 1959-61; U.S. House of Representatives, 1963-65; unsuccessful to be nominee, 1964; U.S. House of Representatives, 1967-75; unsuc­ cessful candidate for reelection, 1974; Assistant Secretary of the Army for manpower and re­ serve affairs, 1975-77; president, Rubber Manufacturers Assn. and National Rubber Shippers Assn.; chairman, Industry Safety Council, Washington, DC; died in Alexandria, Va.

ROBERT FRED ELLSWORTH (1926-), K A N S A S 1946 R epresentative fro m Kansas, 1961-67; A m bassador to NATO, 1969-71; A ssistan t/ D eputy Secretary o f Defense, 1974-77; Republican Born in Lawrence, Kan.; B.S., University of Kansas, 1945; J.D. degree, University of Michigan, 1949; officer, U.S. Navy, World War II, 1944-46, and Korean War, 1950-53; teacher, University of Kansas School of Business, 1954-55; admitted to the bar, 1949, and commenced practice in Springfield, Mass; assistant to vice chairman, Federal Maritime Board, 1953-54; law practice, Lawrence, Kan., 1955-60; U.S. House of Repre­ sentatives, 1961-67; not a candidate for reelection, unsuccessful candi­ date for nomination to the U.S. Senate, 1966; special assistant to Presi­ dent Nixon, 1969; Permanent Representative, Council of the North At­ lantic Treaty Organization (NATO), rank of Ambassador, 1969-71; gen­ eral partner, Lazard Freres and Co., NYC; Assistant Secretary of De­ fense (Internal Security Affairs), 1974-75; Deputy Secretary of Defense, Ellsworth o f Kansas

1975-77; U.S.-China Economic Security Review Commission, 2003- ; resident of Comus, Md.

BETA STATESMEN

117

ARCH ALFRED MOORE, JR. (1923-), W E S T V IR G IN IA 1951 R epresentative fro m West Virginia, 1957-69; G overnor o f West Virginia, 1969-73, 1985-89; Republican Born in Moundsville, W.V.; attended Lafayette College, Easton, Pa., 1943; B.A. 1948, LL.B. 1951, West Virginia University, 1948; lawyer, private practice; U.S. Army, 1943-46; State house of delegates, 1953-55; U.S. House of Representatives, 1957-69; Governor of West Virginia, 196973; unsuccessful candidate for U.S. Senate, 1978; Governor of West Virgnia, 1985-89; unsuc­ cessful reelection, 1988; national chairman, National Governors’ Conference; president, Council of State Governments; president, Education Commission of the U.S.

RICHARD NICHOLS (1926-), K A N S A S S T A T E 1951 R epresentative fro m Kansas, 1991-93; Republican Born in Fort Scott, Kan.; ensign, U.S. Navy, 1944-47; informational counsel, Kansas State Board of Agriculture; associate farm director of a radio and television station, Topeka, Kan.; agricultural representa­ tive of a bank, Hutchinson, Kan.; CEO, Home State Bank, McPherson, Kan., 1969- ; U.S. House of Representatives, 1991-93; unsuccessful candidate for renomination, 1992; resident of McPherson, Kan.

JAMES GRUBBS MARTIN (1935-), D A V ID S O N 1957 R epresentative fro m North Carolina, 1973-85; G overnor o f North Carolina, 1985-89; Republican Born in Savannah, Ga.; Ph.D., Princeton University, 1960; faculty, Davidson College, 1960-70; Mecklenburg County, N.C., commissioner, 1966-72; president, North Carolina Association of County Commissioners, 1970-71; founder, first chairman, Centralina Regional Council of Governments, 1966-69; U.S. House of Represen­ tatives, 1973-85; Ways and Means Committee; chairman, Republican Research Committee; did not run for relection in 1984; governor, North Carolina, 1985-89; resident of Norman, N.C. When elected to his first term as governor in 1984, he was North Carolina’s 66th governor since statehood, the second Republican elected governor in the 20th century and the first Republican governor elected to two consecutive terms.

Beta Theta Pi’s president, 1975-78, and vice president-trustee, 196669, Martin is chairman, Research Development Board, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte; on the University of North Carolina Board of Governors; trustee, Wake Forest University, chairman of Global Transpark Foundation, Inc., member, North Carolina Assn. for Biomedical Research, board member of Blue Cross, Blue Shield, Carolina Freight Corp., Duke Power Co., Entropy, Inc., J.A. Jones, Meadowbrook Healthcare Services and Reprogenesis.

Chemist, inventor, environmentalist and, yes, even a tuba player, Martin has titles on four patents in the chemistry of butyl rubber vulcanization. He is on the American Chemical Society’s list of Charles Lathrop Parsons awardees for outstanding public service by an American chem­ ist and occasionally in the concert programs of the Charlotte Symphony, where he played the tuba. In 1982, Martin joined John Spratt, 1964, and Charles Rose, 1961, in making three Betas from the same chapter in Congress at the same time.

118

EDWARD FORD WEBER (1931-), D E N I S O N 1953 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1981-83; Republican Born in Toledo, Ohio; A.B., Denison University; L.L.B., Harvard Law School, 1956; U.S. Army, 1956-58; admitted to the bar, 1956; practiced in Toledo, 1958; assistant professor, Toledo Univer­ sity School of Law, 1966-79; U.S. House of Representatives, 1981-83; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1982; resumed law practice; resident of Toledo.

DANIEL SCHAEFER (1936-2006), S O U T H D A K O T A 1958 R epresentative fro m C olorado , 1983-99; Republican Born in Guttenberg, Iowa; attended Potsdam University, N.Y., 196164; initiated at University of South Dakota, he graduated from Niagara, N.Y., University; sergeant, U.S. Marine Corps, 1955-57; public relations consultant; Colorado general assembly, 1977-78; State senate, 197983; U.S. House of Representatives, 1983-99; Commerce committee; chair, Energy and Commerce subcommittee; led fight to limit pay raises for congressmen; did not run for reelection, 1998; “He felt he’d gone to Congress to strengthen national defense and help end the Cold War, Colorado’s Schaefer

and he did,” said his former district director, Andree Krause. Among

many awards, he was named “guardian of small business” and “watchdog of the treasury;” died in Wheat Ridge, Colo.

DENNIS ALAN (DENNY) SMITH (1938-), W I L L A M E T T E 1960 R epresentative fro m Oregon, 1981-91; Republican Born in Ontario, Ore.; graduated from Willamette University, 1961; U.S. Air Force, 1958-60, 1962-67; flew 180 combat missions in Viet­ nam, winning the Air Medal with six clusters; Oregon Air National Guard, 1960-62; co-pilot/flight engineer, commmercial airline, 1967-76; upset fellow Beta and longtime Congressman Al Ullman, Whitman 1935, to win election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1980, serving 198191; Interior & Insular Affairs and Veterans committees; best known for his fight to cancel the Sgt. York missile; unsuccessful candidate for reSmith o f Oregon

election, 1990; chairman, Eagle Newspapers, Salem.

CHARLES GRANDISON ROSE III (1939-), D A V ID S O N 1961 R epresentative fro m North Carolina, 1973-97; D em ocrat Born in Fayetteville, N.C.; after graduation from Davidson, took his LL.B. at University of North Carolina, 1964; admitted to the bar and com­ menced practice in Raleigh, N.C., 1964; chief district court prosecutor, 12th Judicial District, 1967-70; one of Jaycees five Outstanding Young Men, 1970; U.S. House of Representatives, 1973-97; chairman, Joint Committee on Printing, 1991-93; Committee on House Administration, 1991-95; chairman, Speaker’s Advisory Committee on Broadcasting; chairman, House Recording Studio; did not run for reelection in 1996. In 1982, Rep. Rose joined James Martin, 1957, and John Spratt, 1964, in making three Betas from the same chapter in Congress at the same time. Resides in Virginia Beach, Va.

BETA STATESMEN

119

RICHARD ANDREW GEPHARDT (1941-), N O R T H W E S T E R N 1962 R epresentative fro m M issouri, 1977-2005; M ajority Leader, 1989-95 M inority Leader, 1995-2001; D em ocrat Born in St. Louis, Mo; graduated from Northwestern University, 1962; J.D., University of Michi­ gan, 1965; admitted to the bar and began practice, 1965; Missouri Air National Guard, 1965-71; alderman, St. Louis, 1971-76; U.S. House of Representatives, 1977-2005; unsuccessful candidate for Democratic presidential nomination, 1988 and 2004; House majority leader, 198995; minority leader, 1995-2001; among 81 House Democrats who voted in favor of invading Iraq, 2002; he reversed his previous support for the war in 2005, saying, “It was a mistake . . I was wrong;” resides and works for an international law firm and as a lobbyist in Washington, DC; mentioned in 2008 as a possible vice presidential candidate in the Hillary Rep. Gephardt

Clinton and Barack Obama primary campaigns. Resides in Washing­ ton, DC.

CRAIG T. JAMES (1941-), F L O R ID A 1963 R epresentative fro m Florida, 1989-93; Republican Born in Augusta, Ga.; National Guard and U.S. Army Reserve, 1963-69; J.D., Stetson Univer­ sity law school, 1967; admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Deland, Fla.; commis­ sioner, Deland Housing Authority, 1971-75; longtime taxpayer advocate credited with saving county $20 million on a new jailhouse bond through appeal to the State supreme court; U.S. House of Representatives, 1989-93; did not run for reelection, 1992; resident of Deland.

CHARLES GYWNNE DOUGLAS III (1942-), W E S L E Y A N 1964 R epresentative fro m N ew H am pshire, 1989-91; R epublican Born in Abington, Pa.; attended Wesleyan University, 1960-62; graduated Phi Beta Kappa, University of New Hampshire, 1965, and Boston University School of Law, 1968; colonel, New Hampshire Army National Guard, 1968-91; admitted to the bar, 1968, and commenced practice in Manchester, N.H., 1970-74; legal and legislative counsel to Governor Meldrim Thomson, Jr., 1973-74; associate justice, New Hampshire Supreme Court, 1977-83, youngest high court judge in the nation at the time; senior justice, 1983-85; U.S. House of Representatives, 198991; unsuccessful candidate for reelection, 1990; resident of Concord, N.H.

PHILIP RILEY SHARP (1942-), D E P A U W 1964 R epresen tatve fr o m Indiana, 1975-95; D em ocrat Born in Baltimore, Md.; attended DePauw University, 1961; graduated from Georgetown Uni­ versity School of Foreign Service cum laude, Washington, DC, 1964; graduate work, Exeter College, Oxford University, England, 1966; Ph.D., Georgetown University, 1974; aide to U.S. Senator Vance Hartke, 1964-69; assistant and later associate professor, Ball State University, Muncie, Ind., 1969-74; U.S. House of Representatives, 1975-95; chairman, House Subcom­ mittee on Energy and Power; member, Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee and Interior & Insular Affairs Committee; author of legislation to cultivate alternative fuels such as ethenol and methanol; did not run for reelection, 1994. Resides in Washington, DC.

120

JOHN MCKEE SPRATT, JR. (1942-), D A V I D S O N 1964 R epresentative fro m South Carolina, 1 9 8 3 -; D em ocrat Born in Charlotte, N.C.; graduated from Davidson College, 1964; Masters Degree, Marshall Scholar, Corpus Christi College, Oxford University, 1966; LL.B., Yale Law School, 1969; U.S. Army, 1969-71; lawyer in private practice; bank president; business owner; U.S. House of Representatives, 1983- ; chairman, Committee on the budget, 2007-09; member, Armed Ser­ vices and Government Operations Committees; best known for his work on the Strategic De­ fense Initiative and forcing the Defense Department to keep military contracts in the U.S. In 1982, Rep. Spratt joined James Martin, 1957 and Charles Rose, 1961, in making three Betas from the same chapter in Congress at the same time.

C. WILLIAM (BILL) NELSON (1942-), F L O R ID A 1965 Representative, Florida, 1979-91; Senator, Florida, 2001-13; Astronaut; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 87.

THOMAS GILBERT LOEFFLER (1946-), T E X A S 1968 R epresentative fr o m Texas, 1979-87; R epublican Born in Fredericksburg, Texas; admitted to the bar, 1971; lawyer, private practice; legal coun­ sel, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1971-72; chief legislative counsel to U.S. Senator John Tower of Texas, 1972-74; deputy for congressional affairs, Federal Energy Administration, 1974-75; special assistant for legislative affairs to President Gerald Ford, 1975-77; U.S. House of Representatives, 1979-87; Interstate & Foreign Commerce and House Administation Com­ mittees; did not run for reelection, 1986; unsuccessful candidate for nomination as Governor of Texas; principal coordinator for Central America, Office of Legislative Affairs, The White House, 1987; officer, University of Texas board of regents, 1989-2001; resident of Mason, Texas.

MICHAEL LYNN SYNAR (1950-96), O K L A H O M A 1972 R epresen tative fro m O klahom a, 1979-95; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 70.

STEVEN CRAIG GUNDERSON (1951-) W I S C O N S IN 1973 R epresentative fro m Wisconsin, 1981-97; Republican Born in Eau Claire, Wis.; graduated, University of Wisconsin; gradu­ ated, Brown School of Broadcasting, 1974; State house of representa­ tives, 1975-79; legislative director for Representative Tob Roth, 197980; U.S. House of Representatives, 1981-97; ranking Republican on the House Employment Opportunities sub-committe; author of the Tele­ communications Enhancement Accessibility Act which aids the hearing impaired; did not run for reelection, 1996.

ROBERT DOUGLAS FRANKS (1951-), D E P A U W 1973 R epresentative fro m N ew Jersey, 1993-2001, Republican Born in Hackensack, N.J.; B.A., DePauw University, 1973; J.D., Southern Methodist Univer­ sity, 1976; newspaper owner; executive director, New Jersey gubernatorial election campaign of Raymond H. Bateman, 1977; consultant to the campaign committees of U.S. Representative

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James A. Courter, New Jersey, 1978 and 1982, and Gov. Thomas H. Kean, New Jersey, 1981; U.S. House of Representatives, 1993-2001; did not run for reelection in 2000; unsuccessful can­ didate for nomination for Governor of New Jersey, 2001; resides in Warren, N.J.

ZACHARY T. SPACE (1961-), K E N Y O N 1983 R epresentative fro m Ohio, 2007- ;D em ocrat Born in Dover, Ohio; graduated, Kenyon College, 1983; J.D., The Ohio State University, 1986; lawyer, private practice, Dover, 2000-06; U.S. House of Representatives, 2007- . Reelected in 2008 for a second two-year term.

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CANADIAN PARLIAMENT

Designed after the United Kingdom form of government, the Canadian national bicameral leg­ islature is elected by geographic/population units. Unlike the U.S., the head of government is the Prime Minister. Whichever party, or coalition of parties, commands the Parliament will then choose the Prime Minister, who typically has been the leader of that party. For example, John N.W. Turner, British Columbia 1949, was elected by the Parliament as Prime Minister in 1984.

ROBERT FRANKLIN SUTHERLAND (1859-1922), T O R O N T O 1911 H ouse o f Com mons, 1904-12; Speaker, 1905-09; Liberal; Justice, H igh C ourt o f Ontario Province, 1907 Born in Newmarket, Ontario; admitted to the bar after graduation and practiced law in Toronto; Queen’s counsel, 1899; House of Commons, 1904-12, representing Essex North, Ontario; speaker, 1905-09; justice, High Court of Ontario, 1907; died in Toronto.

WILLIAM ALFRED ROBINSON (1912-57), T O R O N T O 1925 H ouse o f Com mons, 1945-1957; M ayor o f M idland, Ont., 1945; L iberal Born in Penetanguishene, Ont.; Upper Canada College, University of Toronto and Osgoode Hall Law School, Toronto; practiced law; mayor of Midland, Ont., 1945; elected to the House of Commons June 11,1945 and served almost 12 years, 1945-57, representing Simcoe East, Ontario; deputy speaker, 1953-61; chairman, Special Committees on Radio Broadcasting and the Na­ tional Film Board; deputy chairman, Committee of the Whole House, 1951-53; died in Toronto.

J. WALDO MONTEITH (1903-81), T O R O N T O 1927 H ouse o f Com mons, 1953-72; Progressive C onservative Born in Stratford, Ontario; chartered accountant; elected to the House of Commons Aug. 10, 1953, representing Perth, Ontario, serving for more than 19 years, 1953-72; Minister of Amateur Sport, 1961-63; Minister of National Health and Welfare, 1957-63.

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JOHN NAPIER WYNDAN TURNER (1929-) B R I T I S H C O L U M B IA 1949 H ouse o f Com mons, 1961-93; Prim e M inister, 1984; Liberal For his complete biography, see page 60.

MICHAEL PITFIELD (1937- ), ST. L A W R E N C E 1956 Senator, 1982-2008; Independent Born in Montreal, Quebec; graduated in science from St. Lawrence University at age 16; de­ gree in law, McGill University; joined civil service, 1959, as administrative assistant to Justice Minister; Clerk of the Privy Council of Canada and Secretary to the Cabinet under Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, 1975-79, 1980-82. As head of the public service, he played a senior role in the government’s successful efforts to patriate the Canadian Constitution. In recognition of his ser­ vice, he was appointed to the Canadian Senate in December 1982. Although perceived close to the Liberal Party, he took his seat as an Independent. He was vice chairman, Power Corp. His two decades of service to the University of Ottawa Heart Institute Foundation were recognized by establishment of the Michael Pitfield Chair in Cardiac Surgery. In his later years, he suffered from Parkinson’s disease and worked to raise awareness of the condition.

Canada’s House of Commons in the capital, Ottawa, Ontario

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JUSTICES OF THE U.S. SUPREME COURT

By 1911, four o f the nine justices — John M. Harlan, Centre 1850; Horace H. Lurton, Cumberland 1867; Joeph R. Lamar, Bethany 7877/Washington & Lee 1878, and Willis Van Devanter, DePauw 1881 — on the U.S. Supreme Court were Betas. From the left, seated: Oliver Wendell Holmes, Harlan, Chief Justice Edward D. White, Joseph McKenna and William D. Ray. Standing: Van Devanter, Lurton, Charles Evans Hughes and Lamar.

WILLIAM BURNHAM WOODS (1824-87), W E S T E R N R E S E R V E 1842 A ssociate Justice, 1881-87; M ayor o f N ew ark, N .J., 1846, 1855-57 American jurist, politician and soldier, Woods was born in Newark, Ohio; attended Western Reserve and Yale universities, graduating from Yale in 1845; studied law, admitted to the bar, 1845, and established practice; mayor of Newark, 1846 and 1855-57; Ohio General Assembly, 1858; speaker of the House, 1859; opposed the Civil War but was not a proponent of slavery; left Ohio house and joined Union Army, 1862, because, “The government in Washington is my government,” he said, “and by it, in peace or in war, right or wrong, I will ever stand.”

Lieutenant colonel, 76th Ohio Volunteer Infantry; fought at Shiloh, Chickasaw, Arkansas Post (where he was wounded) and Vicksburg; promoted to brigadier general; commanded a bri­ gade under Gen. William T. Sherman during Atlanta Campaign and a division during Sherman’s “March to the Sea;” fought with distinction at Battle of Bentonville; promoted to brevet major general for “gallant and meritorious service,” 1865; settled in Bentonville, Ala.; resumed his law practice; began farming cotton; named by President U.S. Grant to 5th circuit, U.S. Court of Appeals, 1869-80; nominated by President Rutherford B. Hayes to the U.S. Supreme Court, 1880, first to be named to the high court from a Confederate state since 1853; served until his death.

JOHN MARSHALL HARLAN (1833-1911), C E N T R E 1850 A sso cia te Ju stice, 1877-1911 For his complete biography, see page 8.

124

“Jolliest old K entucky gentlem an you ever m et” “He is a great old man, is Mr. Justice Harlan, and for more than 30 years he has been sitting on that bench, determining questions of the gravest importance to the nation. He is two inches more than six feet tall, straight as a youth, broad-shouldered, deep-chested, with a massive head sparcely covered with white hair. His forehead juts out over his eyes, eyes that are blue and kindly, except when they are bent on a judicial problem. When he is acting as a judge he looks a judge, but when he is off the bench the blue eyes twinkle and the firm mouth softens to a kindly smile, and he is just the jolliest old Kentucky gentlemen you ever met. . . . Nobody in Washington can tell Kentucky stories so well as Justice Harlan, nobody likens so well to very hard work with social intercourse, and no guest is more welcome. He laughs like a boy; jokes, jollies and yarns.” — excerpted from a reprint from a 1909 article in the Saturday Evening Post under the title “A Kentucky Solon. " — The Beta Theta Pi, November 1909, “Personals” section”, page 291

THOMAS STANLEY MATTHEWS (1824-89), C IN C IN N A T I 1842 Associate Justice, 1881-89; U.S Senator, 1877-79 For his complete biography, see page 76.

DAVID JOSIAH BREWER (1838-1910), W E S L E Y A N 1855 A ssociate Justice, 1890-1910 Brewer left Wesleyan College before graduation and graduated from Yale, 1856; graduated, Albany law school, 1858; began law practice at Leavenworth, Kan., 1859; judge of the Probate and Criminal Court at Leavenworth, 1869-70; judge, District Court, 1869-70; attorney for Leavenworth County, 1869-70; Supreme Court of Kansas, 1870-84; judge, U.S. Circuit Court for Kansas, 1884-89; associate justice, U.S. Supreme Court, 1889 until his death in 1910.

Brewer was an active member of the Supreme Court, writing often both concurring and dissenting opinions. He was a major contributor to the doctrine of substantive due process, arguing that certain activities are entirely outside government control. He frequently sided with Court majorities striking down property rights restrictions. He was author of the unanimous opinion in Muller v. Oregon, 1908, in support of a law restricting working hours for women. He was also author of In re Debs, upholding federal injunctions to suppress labor strikes.

A member of the Venezuelan Boundary Commission, 1896, and of the British-Venezuelan Arbitration Tribunal in 1889, he was president of the Universal Congress of Lawyers and Jurists at St. Louis in 1904. He was the author of a large number of essays, including The Pew to the Pulpit, The 20th Century from Another Viewpoint, American Citizenship and The United States a Christian Nation.

D istinguished ju rists can tell “big fish s t o r i e s t o o !

Justice David Josiah Brewer was with a party of New York friends on a fishing trip in the Adirondacks, and around the campfire one evening the talk naturally ran to “big fish.” When it came his turn the jurist began, uncertain as to how he was going to come out: “We were fishing one time on the Grand Banks f o r . . . e r . . . f o r . . . “ “Whales?” someone suggested.

“No,” said the justice with a wry smile, “we were baiting with whales!”

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HORACE H. LURTON (1844-1914), C U M B E R L A N D 1867 A ssociate Justice, 1910-14 Born in Newport, Ky.; raised in Clarksville, Tenn.; attended University of Chicago, 1860, but joined the Confederate Army, 35th Tennessee, at the outbreak of the Civil War, and advanced to sergeant-major; at the Battle of Fort Donelson, he was captured; he escaped but was recap­ tured, then released from prison just before the war ended; resumed studies, graduated from Cumberland Law School, 1867; returned to Clarksville and began his law practice, 1875; appointed by the Tennesse Governor to the 6th Chancery Division of Tennessee, becoming the youngest chancellor in the history of the State; resigned after three years and resumed his law practice; appointed to the Tennessee Supreme Court, 1886; chief judge, 1893; President Grover Cleveland appointed him to the U.S. Court of Appeals, 6th Circuit, 1893-1910; professor of constitutional law, Vanderbilt University, 1898-1910; dean of the university, 1905-10.

President William Howard Taft nominated him to the U.S. Supreme Court, Dec. 13, 1909. He served for just over four years until his death in Atlantic City, N.J. “Professionally, he was very strong,” The Beta Theta Pi obituary reported in the issue of October 1914. “He had clear cut opinions; while conservative, he was not set in his ways. He was logical; however, no false reasoning could get by him. While he never lacked dignity on the bench, he was always pleased when counsel arguing before him would indulge in humor, and he was said to be more than kind to young lawyers afflicted with stage fright.”

At Lurton’s memorial service, President Taft said, “No act of mine in the Presidency gave me more pleasure than nominating him to be a justice of the Supreme Court. This was because it served the public good by broadening the field of judicial usefulness of a great jurist; it con­ ferred upon a high minded, earnest, self-sacrificing and able public servant just reward and recognition of his work, and it gratified more than I can say my personal affection for the man.”

JOSEPH RUCKER LAMAR (1857-1916) B E T H A N Y 1877/W A S H I N G T O N A N D L E E 1878 A ssociate Ju stice, 1911-16 Born in Ruckersville, Ga., he was a mem­ ber of two distinguished Georgia families, the Ruckers and the Lamars; raised in Augusta.

Ga.; childhood friend of future president Woodrow Wilson; graduated, Bethany Col­ lege, 1877; studied law at Washington and Lee University; admitted to the practice of law in Augusta; considered solely responsible for the volume that revised Georgia civil law; Geor­ gia Supreme Court, 1903-05, where he wrote more than 200 opinions.

Lam ar was nom inated to the Supreme Court by President William Howard Taft, serv­ ing from 1911 until his death in 1916, at age 58. He was Beta Theta Pi’s fifth General SecJustice Joseph R. Lamar, Bethany 1877

retary, 1877 78.

126 At the time of his appointment to the high court, Lamar was one of only three justices ever nominated by a President of the opposite party. That stellar reputation was one reason Lamar, together with Frederick W. Lehmann, was selected in 1914 to represent the U.S. at the ABC Powers Conference, convened to avert a war over the Veracruz Incident. In 1915, Lamar wrote two short individual opinions in the famed Leo Frank case. He declined to grant a petition for habeas corpus brought by Frank to challenge the fairness of his trial but subsequently granted a writ of error allowing Frank to bring his claims before the court. The full Court went on to reject Frankâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s claim in Frank v. Mangum.

Justice Lamar was designated by President Woodrow Wilson as one of two American repre­ sentatives at the Niagara Mediation Conference in 1914, where the pacification of Mexico was considered. He authored several books on the law.

WILLIS VAN DeVANTER (1859-1941), D E P A U W 1881 A ssociate Justice, 1911-37; Territorial G overnor o f W yoming U.S. Senator fro m W yoming For his complete biography, see page 14.

WILLIAM ORVILLE DOUGLAS (1898-1980), W H IT M A N 1920 A ssociate ju stice, 1939-75; Chairm an, Securities an d E xchange C om m ission, 1938-39; longest servin g Suprem e C ourt ju stic e For his complete biography, see page 36.

JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT OF CANADA JOHN SOPINKA (1933-97), T O R O N T O 1958 P u isn e Justice, 1988-97 For his complete biography, see page 66.

Supreme Court of Canada

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PREM IERS OF CANADIAN PROVINCES

MICHAEL F. HARCOURT (1943-), B R I T I S H C O L U M B IA 1964 P rem ier o f B ritish Columbia, 1991-96; M ayor o f Vancouver, B.C., 1980-86; N ew D em ocratic p a rty Born in Edmonton, Alberta, Harcourt moved with his family to British Columbia when he was three; B.A. and law degree, University of Brit­ ish Columbia; self-described store-front lawyer, 1968-72; fought to block a freeway through the city’s Chinatown district; Vancouver City alderman, 1973-80; mayor of Vancouver, 1980-86; presided over the city’s celebration of its centennial, Expo ’86, and hosted visit of Queen Elizabeth II; first elected to the provincial legislature in 1986; chosen leader, New Democratic Party, 1987; leader of the opposition in the B.C. legislature, 1987-91; became B.C.’s 30th Premier in 1991 when Premiere Harcourt

his party took 51 of 75 seats. His goals: (1) growth management and economic strategies to prepare B.C. for the next 50 years, (2) skills

and training of the province's citizens to prepare them for the challenging global economy and (3) completion and successful implementation of treaties with the 150,000 aboriginal citizens.

“The overall objective," he said, “is to put government on a diet and deliver services more effectively, even at some political risk.” After resigning in 1996, he was involved in research related to sustainable development and cities with the University of British Columbia. In 2002, he was injured in a near-fatal fall at his cottage, resulting in a severe spinal cord injury. He published a book about the ordeal, Plan B. His latest book is City Making in Paradise, 2007.

DAVID PETERSON (1943-), W E S T E R N O N T A R IO 1964 P rem ier o f Ontario, 1985-90; L iberal Party Born in Toronto, Ontario; B.A., University of Western Ontario; law degree, University of Toronto; called to the bar, 1969; returned to his hometown, London, Ont., to assist in running his family’s electronics business, becoming its president at age 26; expanded its operations by 600%, making it an international firm; became successfully involved in real estate and finance.

In 1975, in one of the largest nomination meetings in Ontario history, he won the first Liberal victory in London Center in 24 years; reelected with increasing majorities, 1975-90, quickly establishing him as a leader; narrowly defeated for leadership of the Ontario Liberal Party in 1976, then won that election of his party in 1982. Aided by the New Democrats, Peterson's Liberal party toppled the reigning Progressive Conservatives in the 1985 election. In Canada, the victory was accomplished by a “no confidence” vote, and Peterson was the agreed choice of the new coalition to be Ontario’s 20th premier.

Peterson’s government developed a reputation for fiscal prudence, and he remained per­ sonally popular during his time in office. After leaving office, he was the founding chairman of the Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association and a member of Toronto’s Olym­ pics bid Committee. He was a professor at York University, Toronto, and director or member of several charitable, cultural and environmental organizations. He was named to a three-year term as chancellor of the University of Toronto, July 1, 2006.

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GOVERNORS OF U.S. STATES LOUIS POWELL HARVEY (1820-62), W E S T E R N R E S E R V E 1840 G overnor o f Wisconsin, 1862 The seventh governor of Wisconsin, he was born in East Haddam, Conn.; a teacher for a time, he moved to Kenosha, Wis.; helped organize Republican Party in the state; State senate, 185458; president of the Senate his last term; secretary of state, 1860-62; governor, 1862.

In April 1862, Governor Harvey organized an expedition to bring medical supplies to Wiscon­ sin troops, who had been wounded in the Battle of Shiloh and were in hospital boats on the Mississippi and Tennessee Rivers. Harvey visited and cheered troops at Cairo and Mound City, III., and Paducah, Ky. Near Shiloh, he stopped overnight near Savannah, Tenn. Late that evening, while stepping from a tethered boat to a moving steamboat, he fell into the Tennessee River and drowned. His body was found 14 days later, 65 miles downstream. He was 43. His wife Cordelia became a leading war nurse, honored with the rank of colonel by President Lincoln.

CHARLES HENRY HARDIN (1820-92), M I A M I 1841 G overnor o f M issouri, 1876-78; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 2.

MILTON SLOCUM LATHAM (1827-82) W A S H IN G T O N A N D J E F F E R S O N 1843 G overnor o f California, 1860; U.S. R epresentative fro m California, 1853-55; U.S. Senate, 1860-63; D em ocrat; L ecom pton D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 76.

GEORGE HOADLY (1826-1902), W E S T E R N R E S E R V E 1844 G overnor o f Ohio, 1884-86; R epublican; D em ocrat Born in New Haven, Conn.; after Western Reserve, he studied at Harvard Law School; began practice of law; elected judge of Superior Court of Cincinnati for two years; city solicitor of Cincinnati; lectured at Cincinnati Law School for 17 years; Governor of Ohio, 1884-86; moved to New York and resumed law practice; president, Beta convention of 1847. His father, George Hoadley (the younger George dropped the “e” from his last name) was mayor of New Haven, Conn., before moving to Cleveland, Ohio, where he also served as mayor.

ALBERT GALLATIN PORTER (1824-97), D E P A U W 1844 Governor o f Indiana, 1881-85; U.S. R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1859-63; F irst Com ptroller o f the Treasury, 1878-80; U.S. Minister to Italy, 1889-92; Republican For his complete biography, see page 89.

OLIVER HAZARD PERRY THROCK MORTON (1823-77), M IA M I 1845 G overnor o f Indiana, 1861-67; Sen ator fro m Indiana, 1867-77; R epublican For his complete biography, see page 78.

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NEWTON BOOTH (1825-92), D E P A U W 1846 G overnor o f California, 1871-74; Senator fro m California, 1875-81; Republican For his complete biography, see page 78.

BENJAMIN GRATZ BROWN (1826-85), T R A N S Y L V A N IA 1846 G overnor o f M issouri, 1871-73; U.S. Senator fro m Kentucky, 1863-67; Liberal Republican Candidate f o r Vice President, 1872; Republican For his complete biography, see page 6.

SAMUEL HITT ELBERT (1833-99) O H IO W E S L E Y A N 1854 G overnor o f C olorado Territory 1873-74; Republican Born in Logan County, Ohio; after gradua­ tion with high honors, he moved to Nebraska to start a law practice; Nebraska legislature, 1861; appointed Colorado Territorial Secre­ tary, 1862; mobilized the 2nd and 3rd Colo­ rado Volunteer regiments to protect against the Confederacy; Territorial legislature, 1868; began Colorado Republican party; an advo­ cate for irrigation, he founded the Western Irri­ gation Conference, 1873; governor of Colo­ rado Territory, 1873-74; traveled to Europe, 1875-76; chief justice, Supreme Court of Colo­ rado, 1880-89; resigned due to illness.

Colorado State Capitol, Denver

THOMAS WARREN BENNETT (1831-93), D E P A U W 1855 G overnor o f Idaho Territory, 1871-75; U.S. R epresentative fro m Idaho, 187576; M ayor, R ichm ond, Indiana, 1869-70, 1877-83, 1885-87; In depen den t For his complete biography, see page 93.

JOHN YOUNG BROWN (1835-1904), C E N T R E 1855 G overnor o f Kentucky, 1891-95; U.S. R epresentative fro m K entucky, 1859-61, 1 8 7 3 -7 7 ;D e m o c ra t For his complete biography, see page 94.

THOMAS T. CRITTENDEN (1832-1909), C E N T R E 1855 G overnor o f M issouri, 1881-85; U.S. R epresentative fro m M issouri, 1873-75, 1877-79; U.S. C onsul G eneral to M exico, 1893-97; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 94.

HENRY MASON MATTHEWS (1834-84), W E S T V IR G IN IA 1856 G overnor o f West Virginia, 1877-81; D em ocrat Born in Frankford, West Virginia; studied law, Lexington, Va.; practiced in Lewisburg; taught at Allegheny College; major in Confederate Army during Civil War; elected to State legislature,

130 1865, but not allowed to serve due to a law prohibiting former Confederates from holding public office; attorney general; in July 1877, he sent the state militia to Martinsburg, W.V., where B&O Railroad workers were stopping trains to protest wage cuts, precipitating President Rutherford B. Hayes to dispatch federal troops to break the first national labor strike; in 1880, Matthews again sent militia to Hawks Nest to stop the state’s first major coal strike; he improved trans­ portation, expanded the oil and coal industries and established a state geological survey.

JAMES ADDAMS BEAVER (1837-1914) W A S H IN G T O N A N D J E F F E R S O N 1856 G overnor o f Pennsylvania, 1887-91; R epublican Born in Millerstown, Pa.; studied law, admitted to the bar, 1858; served throughout the Civil War, rising from lieutenant to brigadier general; shot through the leg at Chancellorsville, wounded again at Cold Harbor, commanded a brigade; wounded again at Petersburg and again at Ream’s Station, this time losing his right leg; defeated for governor of Pennsylvania, 1882; elected governor, 1886, by 40,000 majority; served 1887-91; noted for his strong leadership during Johnstown flood; judge, Superior Court, Pennsylvania, 1896-1916; president, Board of Trustees, Pennsylvania State College; chairman, 1898, commission appointed by President William McKinley to investigate the “embalmed beef” charges in the Spanish-American War; Beta Theta Pi Board of Trustees, 1892-93; LL.D., Edinburgh University, 1910.

When General James A. Garfield was nominated for the Presidency, General Beaver be­ came the choice of his delegation for vice president. Ohio, Tennessee and eight other delega­ tions took up his name with enthusiasm. Beaver refused most emphatically to be a candidate, saying that his friends wished him to be governor of Pennsylvania. He stumped for Garfield, as he did for James G. Blaine four years later.

The ease with which Governor Beaver maneuvered on one leg and two crutches amazed all who met him. In reply, he told a story, reported the New York Times: “A classmate of mine at Jefferson College lost an arm while fighting in the southern army. At a reunion of our class, I was the first member on hand. After engaging a room at a Canonsburg hotel, I sauntered around the old college buildings, waiting for the rest of the class of ’59 to turn up. The first one to arrive had an empty coat sleeve. While a rebel shell had taken my leg, a union ball had torn away his arm. I invited him to my room, and I noticed that he had no difficulty in arranging his clothing and in doing pretty nearly everything that a man with two arms could do. I said to him that the loss of an arm didn’t seem to incommode him. ‘Well, do you know, Jim,’ he replied, ‘that since I lost my other arm and find that everything I want to do can be done with one arm, I often wonder what reason the good Lord had for making a man with two arms.’ Now in my case,” the general concluded, “I won’t put the thing as strongly as my maimed classmate did, but one leg seems to answer me very well.”

ALBINUS NANCE, K N O X 1868 G overnor o f N ebraska, 1879-83; R epublican Union Army in Civil War; lawyer; Nebraska legislature, 1875-79; speaker of the house, 187779; fifth governor of Nebraska, 1879-83; defeated in election for U.S. Senate, 1881. Nance was so young when elected governor that many Nebraskans proudly referred to him as the “Boy Governor.” Nance County, Neb., is named for him.

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JOHN M. PATTISON (1847-1906), O H IO W E S L E Y A N 1869 G overnor o f Ohio, 1906; U.S. R epresentative fro m Ohio, 1891-93; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 101.

DAVID R. FRANCIS (1850-1927), W A S H IN G T O N I N ST. L O U IS 1870 G overnor o f M issouri, 1889-93; M ayor o f St. Louis, M o., 1885-89; Secretary o f the Interior, 1896-97; A m bassador to the Soviet Union, 1916-17; D em ocrat Born in Richmond, Ky., 1850; graduated from Washington University in St. Louis, Mo., where he was #1 on the rolls of Alpha lota chapter; president, Merchant’s Exchange; 26th mayor of St. Louis; 27th governor of Missouri; U.S. Secretary of the Interior, obtaining a presidential proclamation setting aside millions of acres as forest reserves, 1896-97; leading promoter, president of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 1903-04; appointed

by Pres. Woodrow Wilson as U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union at the end of the 1917 Revolution; died in St. Louis.

The mayor-governor-secretary-ambassador was a principal pro­ David Francis

moter of the St. Louis World’s Fair of 1904. His book, Russia from the American Embassy, was published in 1921; his memoirs and letters

were published in 1928. Francis is credited with keeping the University of Missouri in Columbia after the fire of Academic Hall, 1892. He insisted that the state’s land grant university remain in a central location, rather than moving to Sedalia, as many state legislators desired. A bronze bust of Francis is on the David R. Francis Quadrangle on campus near Jesse Hall. A popular student tradition is to rub Governor Francis’ nose before taking a test in order to get an ‘A.’

HENRY A. BUCHTEL (1847-1924), D E P A U W 1872 G overnor o f Colorado, 1907-09; Republican Minister, educator and public official, Buchtel was born in Akron, Ohio; moved with his parents to Elkhart, Ind.; ordained a Methodist Episcopal minister; he and his wife Eliza went to Bulgaria as missionaries, 1873; pastor of churches in Indiana, Colorado, New York, New Jersey, 187399; chancellor, University of Denver, 1900-20; governor of Colorado, 1907-09; died in Denver.

“In 20 years under Dr. Buchtel’s guidance, $2,750,000 was raised for the university on his personal appeal, and it stands today backed by 20,000 subscribers,” reported the Denver Post.

At the time he was named chancellor, the university had debts of $175,000 and faced foreclo­ sure on its mortgages. His fundraising retired the debts in less than three years.

ICHIZO HATTORI , R U T G E R S 1874 G overnor o f H yogo Ken, Japan Upon graduation, he returned to Japan. He was an administrative officer in the Imperial University. Later, he was appointed Governor of Rikuchiu Ken (state/province), in the northern part of the main island, where he remained for many years before transferring to Nagasaki and becoming governor of Hyogo Ken. He was president of the Kobe S.C.A. and a member of the House of Peers and the First Order of the Rising Sun. There is a story by an American Captain Castner, who was on his way to The Philippines in 1900 with a transport laden with troops. They stopped at Nagasaki, wanting to obtain permis­ sion to land the troops in order to make some repairs to the vessel. Castner contacted the

132 governor to obtain permission to proceed with his repairs. To his amazement he found the gover­ nor able to speak excellent English. Explaining the object of his visit, the governor inquired what part of the U.S. he came from. When he told him that he was a native of New Brunswick, N.J., the governor said, “Your name is Castner, is it? Well, are you not the boy who used to go shooting up DeRussey Lane when I was a student in Rutgers College?” Explanations followed, and it turned out that Captain Castner was that very boy. Hattori’s alma mater conferred upon him the honor­ ary degree of Doctor of Laws in 1900.

WILLIAM T. HAINES (1854-1919), M A I N E 1876 G overnor o f M aine, 1913-15; Republican Born in Levant, Maine; graduated, University of Maine, 1876, and Albany Law School, 1878; began practice of law, 1879; settled and commenced law practice in Waterville, Maine, 1880; prosecuting attorney, Kennebec County, 1882-87; State senate, 1888-92; State house of repre­ sentatives, 1895; State attorney general, 1896-1901; governor’s executive council, 1901-06; governor of Maine, 1913-15; unsuccessful for reelection.

BENJAMIN BAKER ODELL, JR. (1854-1926), B E T H A N Y 1877 G overnor o f New York, 1900-04; U.S. Representative, N.Y., 1895-99; Republican For his complete biography, see page 103.

JOHN LEWIS BATES (1859-1946), B O S T O N 1882 G overnor o f M assachusetts, 1903-05; Lt. Governor, three term s; Republican Born in North Easton, Mass.; A.B., Boston University, 1862; Boston University School of Law, 1885; practiced law in Boston, 10 years; Mass. House of Representatives, 1894-99, Speaker, 1897-99; 38th Lt. Governor of Mas­ sachusetts, 1900-03; Governor, 1903-05; gen­ erated controversy by disregarding city re­ quests and appointing an outsider, Judge Emmons, who promised to reform the depart­ ment as Boston’s Police Commissioner; de­ feated for reelection, 1904; retired to private law practice; delegate, Massachusetts Con­ stitutional Convention, 1917-19; counsel in the _______________________________

Christian Science law suit and a leader at the

Massachusetts State Capitol

Boston bar, 1920s.

ANDREW JACKSON MONTAGUE (1862-1937) R I C H M O N D 1882/V IR G IN IA 1885 Governor o f Virginia, 1902-06; U.S. Representative from Virginia, 1913-37; Democrat For his complete biography, see page 106.

EDWARD C. STOKES, B R O W N 1883 G overnor o f New Jersey, 1905-08, R epublican Born in Philadelphia, Pa.; N.J. State general assembly, 1891; State senate, 1893-1901;

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defeated for U.S. Senate, 1902; governor of New Jersey, 1905-08; defeated for U.S. Senate, 1910; defeated for governor, 1913; defeated for U.S. Senate, 1928; president of Mechanics National Bank, Trenton, and of New Jersey Bankers Assn.; died in Trenton, N.J.

LEE CRUCE (1863-1933), V A N D E R B IL T 1885 G overnor o f O klahom a, 1911-15; D em ocrat Born in Marion, Ky.; admitted to the bar, 1888; practiced in Ardmore, Okla.; president, Ardmore National Bank, 1891-1920; unsuccessful can­ didate for governor, 1907; president, Board of Regents, Oklahoma State University; gover­ nor of Oklahoma, 1911-15; built state capital during his administration; enforced blue laws and other morality issues; unsuccessful can­ didate for nomination for U.S. Senate; died in Los Angeles, Calif.

FRANK ORREN LOWDEN (18611943), IO W A 1885 Governor o f Illinois, 1917-21; U.S. Representative from Illinois, 1906-11; Republican For his complete biography; see page 107

Gov. Frank Lowden (right), Vanderbilt 1885, with Presidential candidate AlfLandon in 1936

WALLACE RIDER FARRINGTON (1871-1933), M A I N E 1891 G overnor o f H aw aii, 1921-29 Born in Orono, Maine; Hawaiian Territorial Board of Education; chairman, Territorial School Fund Commission, 1909-11; chairman, board of regents, College of Hawaii, 1914-20; reporter, Bangor Daily News, Kennebec Journal, Rockland Daily Star, Hawaii’s Pacific Commercial Advertiser, 1894; editor, Honolulu Evening Bulletin, 1898; vice president, Star-Bulletin publish­ ing company; governor of Hawaii, 1921-29; died in Honolulu in 1943.

Gov. Farrington, according to the Honolulu Associated Press, October 15, 1922, “cheated death by a slim margin today when a seaplane in which he was returning from Maui to Honolulu caught fire and made a forced landing in the sea near Pearl Harbor. The governor swam until he was picked up by another plane.”

JOHN GARLAND POLLARD (1871-1937), R I C H M O N D 1891 G overnor o f Virginia, 1930-34; D em ocrat Born in King and Queen County, Va.; attended Richmond College briefly, leaving for ill health; practiced law in Richmond for 25 years following graduation from George Washington Univer­ sity Law School, 1893; chairman, Virginia Commission on Uniform State Laws, 1902-07; Attor­ ney General of Virginia, 1913-17; engaged in war welfare work in France and Germany, 191820; Federal Trade Commission, 1920-21; 55th governor of Virginia, 1930-34; chairman, U.S. Board of Veterans Appeals, 1934-37; died in Washington, DC.

134

CHARLES EDWIN WINTER (1870-1948), IO W A W E S L E Y A N 1892 Governor, Puerto Rico, 1933; Representative from Wyoming, 1923-29; Republican For his complete biography, see page 110.

EMMETT FOREST BRANCH (1874-1932), IN D IA N A 1896 Governor o f Indiana, 1924-25; Lieutenant Governor o f Indiana, 1920-24; Republican Branch became governor of the Hoosier State on April 30, 1924, taking his place in an illustri­ ous line of Betas, including Oliver Perry Morton 1847 and Albert Porter 1843. Born in Martinsville, Ind., and making his home there all his life, he was a member of the legislature, 1903-08, serving as speaker of the House, 1907-08. He served in the U.S. Army on three occasions: 1898-1901, 1903-09 and 1916-17.

During the Spanish-American War, he enlisted in Company K, 158th Regiment, rising to the rank of 1st lieutenant. During World War I, he returned to the Army as a lieutenant colonel, 151st Infantry. He later commanded the 165th Depot Brigade at Camp Travis, Texas, and served as part of the forces guarding the Mexican border, 1916-17.

Said the Martinsville Republican: “He has always been a Republican of the old line type. He believes devoutly in his party and is known as a strong campaigner. He has made a fine reputation as presiding officer of the House and the Senate.” In addition to his law practice, he was in the grain business many years. He died in Martinsville.

GUY BRASFIELD PARK (1872-1946), M I S S O U R I 1896 G overnor o f M issouri, 1933-37; D em ocrat Born in Platte City, Mo., Park graduated from the University of Missouri Law School and began law practice in Platte City in 1896. He was city attorney of Platte City and then prosecuting attorney of Platte County until, in 1922, he became a member of the State constitutional conven­ tion. He was circuit judge, 5th Judicial District, 1923-33. Elected governor in November 1932, he was the first Democrat to be chief executive of the state since World War I. Park was backed

by Kansas City political boss Tom Pendergast, and some felt that Park allowed Pendergast to run the state. He was not eligible to seek reelection in 1936 and retired to Platte City.

Park was the fifth in the early line of Beta’s Missouri governors, including Charles Henry Hardin, Miami 1841, of ever honored memory, who served 1875-77. Others: B. Gratz Brown, Transylvania 1846,1870-72; Thomas T. Crittenden, Centre 1855,1881-85, and David R. Francis, Washington in St. Louis 1870, 1885-89.

LOUIS JEFFERSON BRANN (1876-1948), M A I N E 1898 Governor o f Maine, 1933-37; Mayor, Lewiston, Maine, 1915-16, 1922-24; Democrat Born in Madison, Maine; studied law, 1902, and practiced law; city solicitor, Lewiston, Maine, 1906; tax collector, Lewiston, 1908; Munici­ pal Court judge, Lewiston, 1909-13; mayor of Lewiston, 1915-16,192224; governor of Maine, 1933-37; unsuccessful in race for U.S. Senate, 1936 and 1938, and for governor, 1938. As governor, he was a strong supporter of the state’s recreation activities and became known as “the greatest publicist in Maine history." The idea for the “Vacationland” on Maine automobile plates is credited to him.

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CHARLES HILLMAN BROUGH (1876-1935), J O H N S H O P K I N S 1898 G overnor o f A rkansas, 1917-21; D em ocrat Born in Clinton, Miss.; graduated, Mississippi college; Ph.D., Johns Hopkins; taught history and economics there and at Hillman College; president, U.S. Good Roads Assn., 1919-21; director, Arkansas Public Service Information Bureau; president, Southern Sociological Con­ gress; war-time governor of Arkansas, 1917-21; chairman, District of Columbia-Virginia Boundary Commission; died in Washington, DC. (Pronounce his name as if spelled “bruff.”)

A student at Princeton and a pupil of Woodrow Wilson when he was a professor there, Dr. Brough received his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins at the age of 21. After serving as governor, he was president of Tau Kappa Alpha, the intercollegiate honorary for oratory and debate.

WILLIAM HENRY McMASTER (1877-1968), B E L O I T 1899 Governor o f South Dakota, 1921-25; U.S. Senator, South Dakota, 1925-31; Republican For his complete biography, see page 84.

EARL W. SNELL, O R E G O N 1907 G overnor o f Oregon, 1944-47, Native of eastern Oregon; U.S. Army, World War I; elected to the State legislature, 1927; speaker, 1933; Secretary of State, 1934; Governor, 1943-47. An airplane crash Oct. 28, 1947, took the lives of Governor Snell and three others.

C. WILBERT SNOW (1884-1977), B O W D O I N 1907 G overnor o f Connecticut, 1946-47; Lt. G overnor o f Connecticut, 1945-46 Born on White Head Island, Maine, he graduated from Bowdoin College and earned a master’s degree from Columbia University, 1910; served as a teacher of Eskimos and was a reindeer agent in Alaska, 1911-12; taught at several universities, including 30 years at Wesleyan University, 1922-52; wrote poetry about life on the seacoast where he grew up; president, Connecticut Association Board of Education, 1940; educational commissioner and chairman, Middletown Board of Edu­ cation for 30 years. A friend of Robert Frost and Carl Van Doren, his books included Before the Wind, Down East and Spruce Head. He Snow from Bowdoin

died at age 93.

LEON RUTHERFORD TAYLOR (-1 9 2 4 ), D E N I S O N 1907 G overnor o f N ew Jersey, 1913-14 Poor by birth, he worked as a brakeman on the New Jersey railroad to secure funds for college; studied law, admitted to the bar, practiced in Asbury Park, N.J.; New Jersey Legislature, three terms; speaker of the Assembly, 1913; when Governor Fielder resigned in October, 1913, as speaker, Taylor automatically became governor, serving until Jan. 20, 1914. It was noted that as a 2nd lieutenant in the state militia, should he be called to active duty while governor, he would automatically be promoted to general. The Avon, N.J. resident was the youngest person ever to serve as governor of that state; he died in Denver, Colo., after an illness of four years resulting from service in World War I.

136

JAMES LUKENS MCCONAUGHY (1887-1948), Y A L E 1909 G overnor o f Connecticut, 1947-48; Lt. Governor, 1939-41 Born in New York City; graduated from Yale, 1909, master’s degrees from Bowdoin, 1911, and Dartmouth, 1915; Ph.D., Columbia, 1913; taught English and education, Bowdoin, 1909-15; pro­ fessor of education, Dartmouth, 1918-25; president, Knox College, and Wesleyan University, 1925-43; lieutenant governor, Connecticut, 1938-41; president, United China Relief Fund, 1942; civilian deputy, Office of Strategic Service (later became the CIA), 1943-45; Connecticut’s 59th governor, 1947-48; died before finishing his term.

PAUL VORIES MCNUTT, I N D I A N A 1913 G overnor o f Indiana, 1932-37, D em ocrat; fir s t A m bassador to The Philippines For his complete biography, see page 26.

DAVID SHOLTZ (1891-1953), Y A L E 1914 G overnor o f Florida, 1933-37 Born in Brooklyn, N.Y.; after graduation from Yale, LL.B., Stetson University, 1915; admitted to the bar and began practice in Daytona Beach, 1915; ensign, U.S. Navy, World War I; national commander, Military Order of World Wars; lieutenant commander, U.S. Navy, World War II; State legislature; state’s attorney, 7th Judicial District; municipal judge; governor of Florida, 1933-37; As governor, he signed on March 13, 1933, the death warrant calling for the electrocution of Giuseppe Zangara, who killed Chicago Mayor Anton J. Cermak in an unsuccessful attempt upon the life of President F.D. Roosevelt. He died in Miami, Fla.

LEWIS O. BARROWS (1893-1967), M A I N E 1916 G overnor o f M aine, 1937-41; R epublican Born in Newport, Maine; town treasurer for 12 years; Governor’s Council, six years; Secretary of State, 1935-37; defeated for U.S. Senate, 1936; Governor of Maine, 1937-41, the third Beta to hold the office. During his administration, the state’s deficit was reduced, the budget was balanced, the state school fund was improved, old age benefits payments were reinstated, the Maine Development Commissions’ duties were increased and fed­ eral funding was secured. Those fundings were used to construct new bridges, highways and public buildings. Barrows was the father of Edward Barrows, Maine 1942, a hero of World War II, who earned a Silver Star and promotion to captain for gallantry, when he was fatally wounded in heroic action in France.

PHILIP FOX LAFOLLETTE, W IS C O N S IN 1919 G overnor o f W isconsin, 1932-37; R epublican, Progressive Born in Madison, Wis., son of a distinguished father, Senator Robert M. LaFollette, Sr., longtime U.S. senator from Wisconsin, and brother of Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Wisconsin 1917, who succeeded his father in the Senate; 2nd lieutenant, infantry, World War I; A.B., Wisconsin, 1919; LL.B., 1922; began practice in Madison, 1922; district attorney, Dane County, 1925-27; lecturer in law, University of Wisconsin, 1926Gov. LaFollette

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30; Governor of Wisconsin, 1932-37; a Republican for most of his political career, he broke away from the party in 1935 and was a leader in organizing the Progressive party in his state; during the early months of World War II, he was a captain, then major in the South Pacific; late in 1942 he transferred to the Southwest Pacific under Gen. Douglas MacArthur, where he rose to colonel in the general headquarters; after World War II, he was assigned by the War Department as a civilian adviser to the American military government in Germany.

LESLIE JENSEN, S O U T H D A K O T A 1922 G overnor o f South D akota, 1937-41; Republican Born in Hot Springs, S.D., vicinity of the Black Hills; at University of South Dakota two years before the U.S. entry into World War I; upon

------------------------------

declaration of war, he volunteered for the U.S. Army; captain, 147th Field Artillery attached to the 32nd Division, American Expeditionary Forces, 1917-19; law school, University of South Dakota; collector of internal revenue for the District of South Dakota, 1921-34; gover­ nor of South Dakota, 1937-41; returned home -----------------------------S. Dakota’s Jensen

to Hot Springs; manager of the local telephone com pany and p ra cticed law; p re sid e n t,

------------------------------Wartime Gov. Jensen

People’s Telephone and Telegraph Co.; director, Home Building and Loan Assn.

A veteran of both world wars, Colonel Jensen was the first American officer to raise an American flag in Australia. He and his troops sailed from San Francisco on Nov. 22, 1941, bound for the Philippines. Instead, the unit was redirected to Darwin.

JOHN EDWARD DAVIS, N O R T H D A K O T A 1935 Governor o f North Dakota, 1956-60; M ayor o f McClusky, N.D., 1948-56; fir s t Director, Civil Defense Preparedness Agency, 1972-77; Republican Past national commander, American Legion, 1966-67. Highly deco­ rated World War II veteran, he commanded the Nebraska National Guard’s 1st battalion, 134th Infantry Reg., 35th Division, earning four battle stars, including the Silver Star, Bronze Star and Purple Heart.

Mayor of McClusky, N.D., 1948-56; State senator, 1952-56; governor of North Dakota, 1956-60; director, National Civil Defense, 1969; first di­ rector, newly created Civil Defense Preparedness Agency, 1972-77; returned to North Dakota to operate the family ranch and resume presi­ N. Dakota's Davis

dency, 1st National Bank in McClusky; died in 1990.

RICHARD BUELL OGILIVIE (-1988), Y A L E 1945 G overnor o f Illinois, 1968-73; R epublican Responsible for Illinois' first income tax, Governor Ogilvie’s support of the unpopular mea­ sure cost him reelection. He also created the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency and initiated programs to improve the education system and the state highway program. Prior to serving as governor, he was Cook County sheriff, 1962-66, and on the Cook County Board, 1966-68, president in 1966. In World War II, he was a tank commander in General Patton’s 3rd

138 Army; he was severely wounded by a German shell. After the war, he earned a law degree at Yale.

ROBERT B. DOCKING (1925-83), K A N S A S 1946 Governor o f Kansas, 1967-75, Mayor, City Commissioner, Kansas City; D em ocrat Born in Kansas City, Mo.; corporal, 1943-46, U.S. Army Air Corps; 1st lieutenant, U.S. Air Force, 1946-51; settled in Arkansas City, Kan.; banker, First National Bank, Lawrence, Kan.; Kansas City commis­ sioner, then mayor; governor of Kansas, 1967-75; named “Distin­ guished Kansan” by Native Sons and Daughters of Kansas; president and chairman, Union State Bank, Arkansas City, where he died. As governor, he was known for his commitment to farmers, small busi­ Docking o f Kansas

ness owners and the environment.

WALTER R. PETERSON, JR. (1922-), D A R T M O U T H 1947 G overnor o f N ew H am pshire, 1969-73; R epublican Born in Nashua, N.H.; four years as a U.S. Navy officer serving in the South Pacific, prior to completing college; State house of representatives, 1963-1969; speaker, 1965-69; governor of New Hampshire, 1969-73; president, Franklin Pierce College, 1975-95; trustee, University System of New Hampshire.

OWEN B. ASPINALL, D E N I S O N 1949 G overnor o f A m erican Sam oa; A ttorney G eneral o f A m erican Samoa Former governor of American Samoa and son of U.S. Rep. Wayne Aspinall, Denver 1919, Owen Aspinal was a deputy district attorney in Mesa County, Colo., and went to American Samoa in 1961 as attorney general. He returned to Palisade, Colo., in the mid-1970s and ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 1984. He died in Grand Junction, Colo.

ARCH A. MOORE (1923-), W E S T V IR G IN IA 1951 Governor o f West Virginia, 1969-73; U.S. Representative, W.V., 1957-69; Republican For his complete biography, see page 117.

JAMES GRUBBS MARTIN (1935-), D A V I D S O N 1957 G overnor o f North Carolina, 1985-89; U.S. R epresentative fro m North Carolina, 1973-85; R epu blican For his complete biography, see page 117.

ANTHONY S. EARL (1936-),.M I C H IG A N S T A T E 1959 G overnor o f W isconsin, 1983-87; D em ocrat Born in Lansing, Mich.; graduated in political science, Michigan State, and in law, University of Chicago; State assembly, 1969; secretary, State Department of Administration; director, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; governor of Wisconsin, 1983-87; governing board, Wisconsin Common Cause; director, American Transmission Co.; Wisconsin’s Earl

partner, law firm of Quarles and Brady, Madison, Wis.

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BRERETON JONES (1939-), V IR G IN IA 1961 G overnor o f Kentucky, 1991-95; Lt. G overnor o f Kentucky, 1987-91; D e m o cra t Born in Gallipolis, Ohio; West Virginia house of delegates as a Republican, 1965-69; House minority leader; moved to Woodford County, Ky.; lieutenant governor, Kentucky, 1987-91; governor of Ken­ tucky, 1991-95; retired to Airdrie Stud, which has bred a total of 100 stakes winners and which he and his wife Libby continue to operate.

Jones o f Kentucky

RAYMOND E. MABUS (1948 - ) , M I S S I S S I P P I 1969

G overnor o f M ississippi, 1988-92; A m bassador to Saudi A rabia, 1994-96; Secretary o f the Navy, 2009- ; D em ocrat Born in Starkville, Miss., Master's Degree, Johns Hopkins; law degree, magna cum laude, Harvard Law School; U.S. Navy; law clerk, U.S. 5th Circuit Court of Appeals; legal counsel, U.S. House Agriculture Committee; staff of Mississippi Governor William Winter; State auditor, 198488; Governor of Mississippi, youngest in U.S., 1988-92; defeated for reelection, 1991; U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, 1994-96; board of directors of Enersys, world’s largest manufac­ turer and marketer of industrial batteries, 2007- ; CEO, Foamex International, 2006-07; ap­ pointed by President Barack Obama as the Secretary of the Navy, Department of Defense, 2009.

STATE LIEUTENANT GOVERNORS WILLIAM (Will) CUMBACK, DEPAUW 1853

CHARLES E. YEATER, MISSOURI 1880

Lt. G overnor o f Indiana, 1869-73; Repre­

Vice-Governor o f The Philippines, 1917

sentative from Indiana, 1855-57

For his complete biography, see page 92.

Lawyer; Missouri State senate, 1893-97; Board of Curators, University of Missouri.

FRANK J. HALL, INDIANA 1867

JOHN L. BATES (1859-1946), BOSTON 1882

Lt. G overnor o f Indiana, 1909-13

Lt. G overnor o f Massachusetts, three

BARNETT GIBBS, VIRGINIA 1872 Lt. G overnor o f Texas, 1885-87 JOHN MARSHALL (1856-1922)

CENTRE 1872 Lt. G overnor o f Kentucky, 1899-1900

Both Governor Bradley and Lt. Governor Marshall were removed from office by a Supreme Court deci­ sion that ruled that William Goebel had rightly been elected governor in the 1899 election.

Missouri’s Charles Yeater was briefly vice-governor o f The Philippines.

Right: Manila Bay

terms; Governor, 1903-05

For his complete biography, see page 132.

140

EDWARD G. McGILTON, WISCONSIN 1883

For his complete biography, see page 136.

Lt. Governor o f Nebraska, 1903-07

JOHN T. GRIGSBY, SOUTH DAKOTA 1914

Raised near Menomonie, Wis.; superinten­ dent of schools, Menomonie; legal depart­ ment, Wisconsin Central Railroad Co.; legal deparment, Northwestern Manufacturing Car Co., Fargo, N.D., 1886-87.

THOMAS LEWIS RUBEY (1862-1928) M ISSO UR1 1884

Lt. G overnor o f South Dakota, 1929-31 ERIC J. ELLEFSON, SOUTH DAKOTA 1915 Lt. G overnor o f South Dakota, 1923-24

RICHARD T. JAMES W ESTERN R ESERVE 1933 Lt. G overnor o f Indiana, 1946-48

Lt. Governor o f Missouri, 1903-05;

RICHARD O. RISTINE, WABASH 1941

Governor o f Missouri, 1911-21, 1923-28

Lt. G overnor o f Indiana, 1961-65

For his complete biography, see page 107.

EMMETT FOREST BRANCH (1874-1932) INDIANA 1896 Lt. Governor o f Indiana, 1920-24; Governor o f Indiana, 1924-25

For his complete biography, see page 134.

WALTER N. DAVIS, VANDERBILT 1898 Lt. G overnor o f M issouri

C. WILBERT SNOW, BOW DOIN 1907

Law degree, Columbia University; captain, U.S. Army Air Corps; State senate, 1950-60; It. governor, 1961-65; unsuccessful Republican nominee for governor, 1964. A founder of Wabash and Crawfordsville, he died in 2009.

WILLIAM C. PHELPS (1934-) M ISSO UR I 1956 Lt. G overnor o f Missouri, 1973-81

Born in Nevada, Mo.; graduated in econom­ ics, University of Missouri, 1956, and in law,

Lt. G overnor o f Connecticut, 1945-46;

1959; practiced law in Kansas City, Mo.; State

Governor o f Connecticut, 1946-47

house of representatives, 1961-73; lieutenant

For his complete biography, see page 135.

DONALD S. WHITEHEAD, ID A H 0 1907 Lt. Governor o f Idaho, 1938-40, 1946-50

Member, local fra­ ternity, Theta Mu Ep­ silon, before initiated No. 1 on the Gamma Gamma rolls when Idaho ch ap ter was ch artere d by Beta Theta Pi in 1914.

Graduated Phi Beta Kappa in three years Idaho’s Whitehead at age 19; State legis­ lature, 1927-29; Speaker of the House. A heart attack caused him to withdraw from the Re­ publican nomination for governor in 1950. He owned three Boise drugstores.

JAMES LUKENS McCONAUGHY, YALE 1909 Lt. G overnor o f Connecticut, 1938-41 Governor o f Connecticut, 1947-48

governor of Missouri, 1973-81; defeated for nomination for governor, 1980, and for U.S. House of Representatives, 1996; national spokesman, Americans for Fair Tax. BRERETON JONES (1939-), VIRGINIA 1961 Lt. G overnor o f Kentucky, 1987-91; Governor o f Kentucky, 1991-95

For his complete biography, see page 139.

DAVID DEWHURST (1945-), ARIZONA 1967 Lt. G overnor o f Texas, 2003-10

USAF, CIA, U.S. State Dept.; a fiscal conser­ vative, he headed homeland security for Texas.

THOMAS R. DOCKING, KANSAS 1976 Lt. G overnor o f Kansas, 1982-84

J.D. and M.B.A., University of Kansas, 1980; 41st lieutenant governor of Kansas; attorney, Morris, Laing, Evans, Brock & Kennedy; un­ successful candidate for governor, 1986; resi­ dent of Wichita;

son of Robert B. Docking,

Kansas 1946, governor of Kansas, 1967-75.

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141

CANADIAN PUBLIC OFFICIALS

ARNOLD CANTWELL SMITH (1915-94), T O R O N T O 1935 A m bassador to UAB, 1958-61, an d to the USSR, 1961-63; fir s t Secretary-G eneral o f the C om m onwealth, 1965-75 A Rhodes Scholar, Secretary-General Smith joined the Canadian diplomatic service in 1943; ambassador to United Arab Republic, 1958-61; ambassador to the USSR, 1961-63; first secre­ tary-general of the Commonwealth and served two five-year terms, 1965-75; Lester B. Pearson Professor of International Affairs at Carleton University, Ottawa, 1976-81; awarded the Compan­ ion of Honour by the Queen, 1975, one of only six so recognized; officer of the Order of Canada for “his long and distinguished diplomatic career,” 1984; died in Ottawa.

During his time as Commonwealth Secretary, the Commonwealth flag was designed on his and Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau’s initiative. He was described as “demonstrating aplomb while serving as a troubleshooter during several serious crises.” He expertly negotiated the storms that threatened to destroy the cohesion of the association, especially when the white-minority government in Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, proclaimed independence from Britain in 1965. Britain proposed selling arms to South Africa in 1971, and Pakistan resigned from the Commonwealth in 1972. He was cofounder of the North-South Institute in Ottawa, serving as its chairman until 1991. He published Stitches in Time: The Commonwealth in World Politics, 1981.

ROBERT H. PARKINSON, B R IT IS H C O L U M B IA 1941 Director, F am ily A llow ances & O ld A ge Security f o r Canada Born in Victoria, B.C.; four years in the Canadian Army in Italy and Northwest Europe; Department of National Health and Welfare, Regina, Sask.; chief supervisor, Welfare Services, 1952-60; past director, Ca­ nadian Association of Social Workers.

P. MICHAEL PITFIELD, ST. L A W R E N C E 1956 A ttache to G overnor G eneral G eorge Vanier; secretary, R oyal Commission on Publications; M em ber o f Parliament, 1982-2008; Independent For his complete biography, see page 122.

142

UNITED STATES CABINET SECRETARIES JOHN WILLOCK NOBLE (1831-1912), M I A M I 1850 Secretary o f the Interior, 1889-93; Republican Born in Lancaster, Ohio, he left Miami and graduated from Yale, 1851, and Cincinnati Law School, 1853; practiced in Columbus, Ohio; moved to St. Louis, 1855, where he spent most of his life; served in the Union Army, 3rd Iowa Cavalry, in the Civil War, retiring as its colonel with a rank of brevet brigadier general, awarded by Congress for bravery in the field; resumed his law practice in St. Louis; U.S. attorney, 1867-70; prosecuted the whiskey and tobacco frauds; Presi­ dent U.S. Grant offered him a solicitor generalship, but he declined; Secretary of the Interior, 1889-93; after retiring from the cabinet, resumed law practice again in St. Louis, where he died.

During his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, the forest reservation policy was originated under the act of 1891. The great Sierra Reserve was one of the first proclaimed, thanks to Noble’s initiative. So vast was this reservation that many timid persons criticized him for going too far. Fortunately, this did not deter him from stretching his authority so as to preserve the banks of that great scenic wonder, the Grand Canyon of the Colorado. Thanks to the Sierra Reserve, California has use of water resources needed for the irrigation of San Joaquin Valley.

DAVID R. FRANCIS (1850-1927) W A SH IN G T O N (ST. L O U IS ) 1870 Secretary o f the In terior, 1896-97; G overnor o f M issouri, 1889-93; M ayor o f St. Louis, M o., 1885-89; U.S. Am bassador to the Soviet Union, 191617; D em ocrat St. Basil Cathedral in Moscow’s Red Square, David Francis ’ posting, 1916-17

For his official biography, see page 131.

WILLIAM FAIRFIELD WHITING (1864-1936) A M H E R S T 1886 Secretary o f Com m erce, 1928-29; Republican A friend of President Calvin Coolidge; born in Holyoke, Mass.; as­ sumed direction of the family’s Whiting Paper Company when his fa­ ther died and was president/general manager for many years. Coolidge firs t met him when the future President was m ayor of nearby Northampton and became closer when Coolidge was Massachusetts governor; during the Coolidge administration, he succeeded Herbert Secretary Whiting

Hoover as Secretary of Commerce, serving 1928-29; died in Holyoke.

BETA STATESMEN

143

WILLIAM MARION JARDINE (1879-1955) K A N S A S STATE 1894 Secretary o f A griculture, 1925-29; A m bassador to Egypt, 1930-33; Republican Born in Oneida County, Idaho, Jardine gradu­ ated from Utah State; graduate studies, Uni­ versity of Illinois; professor of agronomy, Utah State; agronomist, Kansas State University, 1910-13; dean of the Division of Agriculture and director, Agriculture Experiment Station, 191318; president, Kansas State, 1918-25; Secre­ tary of Agriculture, 1925-29; Ambassador to Egypt, 1930-33; president, Municipal Univer­ sity of Wichita (now Wichita State,) 1933; Kan­ sas State Treasurer, 1933-34; died in San An­ tonio, Texas.

Rangy, smiling, hard-muscled Bill Jardine started life as an Idaho ranch hand. Rated as an able administrator, he had been Kansas

Egypt's Great Pyramids at Giza. The Hon. William Jardine, a former cowboy, was U.S. Ambassador to E g yp t, 1930-33.

State Agricultural College’s president for seven years when President Coolidge called him to Washington to head the Department of Agriculture.

There he wrestled long and successfully against McNary-Haugenism.

At a dinner meeting of the Washington, DC, Beta Alumni Association, March 12,1925, mem­ bers elected Jardine honorary president.

CHARLES ERWIN WILSON (1890-1961), C A R N E G I E 1909 Secretary o f Defense, 1953-57; Republican For his complete biography, see page 24.

FREDERICK ANDREW SEATON (1909-74), K A N S A S STATE 1931 Secretary o f Interior, 1956- 61; Asst. Secretary o f Defense, 1953-54; Deputy Asst, to President Eisenhower, 1955-56; U.S. Senator, Nebraska, 1951-52; Republican For his complete biography, see page 44.

Fred Seaton and Charles Wilson, circa 1955

WILLIAM WILLARD WIRTZ (1912-), B E L O I T 1933 Secretary o f Labor, 1962-69; D em ocrat Born in DeKalb, III.; graduated from Beloit University, Beloit, Wis., Chi chapter, 1933, and Harvard Law School, 1937; taught law at University of Iowa and Northwestern University; during World War II, member of War Labor Board, 1942-45; National Wage Stablization Board; ap­ pointed by Illinois Governor Adlai E. Stevenson to Illinois Liquor Control Commission, 1950; practiced law, 1956-61; key aide in Stevenson’s run for President, 1956.

144

Appointed undersecretary of labor by President John Kennedy, 1961; succeeded Arthur Goldberg as secretary of labor, 1962-69, when Goldberg was appointed by Kennedy to the U.S. Supreme Court; ended and prevented multiple strikes, including the New York City newspaper strike and longshoremen’s walkouts; involved in controversial railroad negotiations, throwing his support behind a plan resembling compul­ sory arbitration; strong supporter of job retraining programs; proposed amendments to the Manpower Development and Retraining Act which allowed for more extensive training, e.g., remedial reading and writing courses for high school dropouts.

Despite strong objections to the Vietnam War, Wirtz remained on the Lyndon Johnson team; sought to end the dependence of American fruit and vegetable farmers on Mexican migrant workers; practiced law in Washington, DC, 1970- ; author, Labor and the Public Interest, 1964, and The Boundless Resource: A Prospectus for an Education Work Policy, 1975.

EUGENE MARTIN ZUCKERT (1911-2000), Y A L E 1933 Secretary o f the A ir Force, 1961-65 Born in New York City; graduated from Yale University, 1933; Yale Law School-Harvard Busi­ ness School; passed the bars in Connecticut and New York; lawyer in the Security and Ex­ change Commission’s New York offices, 1933-40; organized wartime training program for ex­ ecutives, Harvard, 1940; lieutenant, U.S. Navy, 1944-45.

Soon after the war, he was named assistant to Stuart Symington, Assistant Secretary of War for Air, 1946, and Assistant Secretary of the Air Force, 1947-52; Secretary of the Air Force, 1961-65; instituted costcontrol practices; oversaw the end of racial segregation in the sevice and helped shape the Universal Code of Military Justice; Atomic En­ ergy Commission, 1952-54.

He practiced law; wrote about nuclear energy and business manage­ ment; consultant and corporate director; helped establish and was chair­ Secretary Zuchert

man of Project Hope, 1967-81; Air Force award for outstanding man­ agement achievement is named in his honor; practiced law until 1988;

died in Chevy Chase, Md., at age 88.

Zuckert’s relationship with major league baseball is interesting. He was interviewed by the owners and offered the position of Baseball Commissioner in 1965, in anticipation of the retire­ ment of Ford Frick. Zuckert turned down the job. His reasons for not accepting the offer had to do with enforcing the ban against the spitball which Zuckert believed, was a proxy for the control issue.

A n interesting coincidence On two occasions there were two Betas in the presidential cabinets. Charles E. Wilson, Carnegie 1909, served President Dwight Eisenhower as Secretary of Defense, 195357, overlapping Fred Seaton, Kansas State 1931, who was Secretary of the Interior, 1956-61. Soon after, Willard Wirtz, Beloit 1933, was Secretary of Labor, 1962-69, and Eugene Zuckert, Yale 1933, was Secretary of the Air Force, 1961-65, under Presidents John Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson.

BETA STATESMEN

145

JOHN WILLIAM WARNER (1927-), W & L 1950/V IR G I N IA 1952 Secretary o f the Navy, 1972-74; Senator fro m Virginia, 1979-2009 For his complete biography, see page 62.

WILLIAM J. PERRY (1927-), C A R N E G I E M E L L O N 1949 Secretary o f D efense, 1994-97 Born in Vandergrift, Pa., William Perry interrupted his successful busi­ ness and educational career to serve the U.S. Government, as Undersecretary of Defense for research and engineering, 1977-81, Deputy Secretary of Defense, 1993-94, and Secretary of Defense, 199497. During his tenure at the Department of Defense, he dealt with a heavy load of crises with Russia, Okinawa, Bosnia, Haiti, North Korea, the Middle East and Somalia.

Perry received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from Stanford University and his Ph.D. from Pennsylvania State University, all in mathematics.

Secretary Perry

He was an enlisted man in the Army Corps of Engineers and served in the Army of Occupation in Japan.

Perry was laboratory director for General Telephone and Electronics, 1954-65; president of ESL, 1964-77; executive vice president, Albrecht & Quist, 1981-85; chairman of Technology Strategies and Alliances, 1985-93.

Currently a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution, he is the Michael and Barbara Berberian Professor at Stanford University, with a joint appointment in the School of Engineering and the Institute for International Studies where he is co-director of the Preventive Defense Project, a research collaboration of Stanford and Harvard Universities. Previously, he was a professor at Stanford, 1988-93, when he was the co-director of the Center for International Security and Arms Control. He also was a lecturer in the Department of Mathematics at Santa Clara University, 1971-77. He served on the Baker-Hamilton Commission which studied and recommended new strategies in the Iraq War in 2006.

Perry received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Department of Defense Distinguished Service Medal and the Outstanding Civilian Service Medals from the Army, 1962 and 1997; the Air Force, 1997; the Navy, 1997; Defense Intelligence Agency, 1977 and 1997; NASA, 1981, and Coast Guard, 1997; American Electronic Association’s Medal of Achievement, 1980; Eisenhower Award, 1996; Marshall Award, 1997; Forrestal Medal, 1994, and Henry Stimson Medal, 1994.

The National Academy of Engineering selected him for the Arthur Bueche Medal, 1996, and he has been honored with awards from the enlisted personnel of the Army, Navy and Air Force. He has received decorations from the governments of Germany, England, France, Korea, Albania, Poland, Ukraine, Bahrain, Slovenia, Hungary and Japan. — Hoover Institution

RAYMOND E. MABUS (1948-), M I S S I S S I P P I 1969 Secretary o f the Navy, 2 0 0 9 -; G overnor o f M ississippi, 1988-92 For his complete biogrpahy, see page 139.

JOE M. ALLBAUGH, O K L A H O M A S T A T E 1974 FEM A D irector on Septem ber 11, 2001 For his complete biography, see page 69.

146

M ^ = UNITED STATES GOVERNM ENT ALBERT GALLATIN PORTER (1824-97)

Brennings.” Afterward, laughing at the incident,

DEPAUW 1844

in 1904 he was back with the Republican party

First Com ptroller o f the Treasury, 1878-80;

again. Later, he practiced in Seattle, then Los

U.S. Representative from Indiana, 1859-63; Governor o f Indiana, 1881-85; U.S.

Angeles and on to Chicago, but gave much of

M inister to Italy, 1889-92; Republican

For his complete biography, see page 89.

CHARLES HENRY TREAT (-1909)

his time to Chautauqua addresses.

B.O. SWEENEY, CUMBERLAND 1888 A ssistant Secretary o f the Interior, 1917

DARTM OUTH 1865

JOHN D. LONG

Treasurer o f the United States, 1901-09; Republican

W ASHINGTON & JEFFERSO N 1894 A ssistant Surgeon General, 1910

Born in Frankfort, Maine; B.S., Chandler Sci­

After retiring, he continued as chief traveling

entific School of Dartmouth College; joined his

representative of the Pan American Sanitary

father in West Indian shipping business; col­

bureau; was repeatedly loaned by the U.S. to

lector of internal revenue for the Wall Street

several South American countries to end bu­

District, New York City, 1896-1905; appointed

bonic plague. He became greatly beloved on

Treasurer of the U.S., 1901-09, by President

account of his success in eradicating the dis­

Theodore Roosevelt; died in New York City.

ease, not only in Guayaquil, Ecuador, but in

MELVILLE WINANS MILLER, DEPAUW 1878 Assistant Secretary o f the Interior, 1903

Born, Lafayette, Ind.; lawyer, journalist, engineer.

cities in Peru, Chile, Argentina, Brazil. Deco­ rated by Chile, Ecuador, Cuba, Peru, Panama.

Retired at age 64; died in Guayaquil.

ABRAM PIATT ANDREW, JR. (1873-1936)

WEBSTER WILLIAM DAVIS (1862-1923) KANSAS 1888 Assistant Secretary of Interior; Mayor Kansas City, Missouri, 1894-96; Republican, Democrat

Born in Ebensburg, Pa.; LL.B., University of Michigan, 1867; known as early as 1888 for his oratorical skills, a curiosity as he was in the Kansas chapter at the same time as William E. Borah, Kansas 1889, who became known for his oratory as the “Lion of the Senate.”

WABASH 1892 A ssistant Secretary o f the Treasury, 191021; Representative from Massachusetts, 1921-36; Republican

For his complete biography, see page 109.

CARROLL MILLER, STEVENS 1896 Chairman, Interstate Com merce Commission, 1937; Dem ocrat

Graduated with an M.E. degree; joined United

As mayor of Kansas City, Mo., referred to as

Gas Improvement Co. for four years; Peoples

a “boy wonder,” he improved the paved streets in the city, mostly paved with wooden blocks,

Gas Light & Coke Co., Chicago; manager, Providence Gas Co. then manager, gas and

from three to 28 miles of asphalt paving.

electric properties in central Illinois; many years

He was assistant secretary, Department of

associated with father-in-law Sen. Joseph F.

the Interior, until so concerned over South

Guffey in the oil business and as president,

Africa’s Boer problem he resigned. Remem­

Thermatomic corp., producing carbon black.

bered for his speech at the Democratic Con­

AUGUSTUS THEODORE SEYMOUR

vention in 1900. In a frenzied peroration of re­

DENISON 1896

nunciation of the Republican party, he made

A ssistant A ttorney General

his famous pledge of fealty to “William J.

Attracted wide attention with his campaign

BETA STATESMEN against the speculators in sugar.

JOHN MARSHALL, B ETH AN Y 1902 A ssistant A ttorney General

STANLEY K. HORNBECK COLORADO/DENVER 1903 Chief, Far Eastern Affairs, U.S. State Departm ent; A m bassador to The Netherlands, 1944-47; Beta Theta P i’s first

147 Life Savers.” He became the first person to own a national radio network (Blue Network, later NBC, now ABC), the first chairman of the Civil A e ro n a u tic s C om m ission and the firs t Undersecretary of Commerce, a Republican appointed by D em ocratic P resident F.D. Roosevelt; resigned as Board Chairman, 1955.

In 1912, chocolate manufacturer Clarence

Rhodes Scholar

Crane of Cleveland, Ohio, invented Life Sav­

For his complete biography, see page 159.

ers as a “summer candy” that could withstand

THOMAS H. MacDONALD (1881-1957)

heat better than chocolate. After registering the

IOWA STATE 1904

trademark, Crane sold the rights to the pep­

Chief, Bureau o f Public Roads, 1919-53

permint candy to Noble for $2,900. Pep-O-Mint

Born in Leadville, Colo., he graduated in civil

was the first Life Savers flavor.

engineering and worked for the University; Iowa

FRED E. LUKENS (1888-1957), IDAHO 1908

created a three-man highway commission, 1913 and was named chief engineer; worked

Special A ssistant to the A rm y Dept, ’s director o f civilian personnel, 1946-57

closely with the American Association of State

Phi Beta Kappa; Secretary of State of Idaho

Highway Officials to fashion and secure sup­

for three terms; education advisor, Civilian Con­

port for the Federal Aid Road Act, 1916; chief,

servation Corps in New England before going

Bureau of Public Roads, 1919-53, reshaping

to Washington, DC, during World War II to ad­

the Federal Highway Aid Program by building

vise the Chief of Army Finance on training; re­

a spirit of partnership with the states.

vised the Army’s system of statistical reports

Congress adopted his concept of limiting funds to a federal-aid system with the Federal

on civilian personnel effectiveness.

HERBERT S. FAIRBANK, CORNELL 1910

Highway Act of 1921. Through the late 1930s

Chief, Division o f Inform ation, 1927-43,

and early 1940s, he helped establish the foun­

Deputy Com m issioner for Research, 1943-

dation of the interstate system and nurtured the project through its early years, guiding the

55; Bureau o f Roads

Bom in Baltimore; Bureau of Mines, Office

nation’s roads from 272,000 miles to 3,300,000.

of Public Roads, 1910-55; captain, U.S. Army,

Decorated by France, Norway, Czechoslova­

World War I; pioneered modern highway plan­

kia; helped plan the 1,523-mile Alaska high­

ning by conceiving and carrying out statewide

way and Inter-America highway; laid founda­

highway planning surveys, 1930s; wrote Toll

tion for the vast U.S. interstate highway sys­

Roads and Free Roads, master plan for high­

tem in the mid-1950s. Described as austere and

way planning, 1939, the first formal description

reserved, he was always called “The C hie f by

of what became the interstate highway system,

even his closest associates.

considered “visionary, ahead of its time.”

EDWARD JOHN NOBLE (1882-1958) SYRACUSEIYALE 1905 First Director, C ivil Aeronautics Authority, 1938-39; Undersec. o f Commerce, 1939-40

Born in Gouverneur, N.Y.; co-owner, Life Sav­ ers, when only eight years out of college; popu­ larly known as “the man who put the hole in

OSCAR ROSS EWING, INDIANA 1910 F ederal Security Adm inistrator, 1947-53

Born in Greensburg, Ind.; law degree from Harvard; practiced law in Indianapolis; 1st lieu­ tenant, U.S. Army, World War I, discharged as a captain; resumed law practice with a firm headed by Charles Evans Hughes, who be­

148 came Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court;

in European, China-Burma-lndia and Pacific

special assistant to the Attorney General, 1947;

Theaters, World War II; special assistant, Sec­

Administrator, Federal Security Agency, 1947-

retary of War, 1946-48; Assistant Secretary of

53, which eventually became part of the De­

the Army, 1948-49; Undersecretary of the Army,

partment of Health, Education and Welfare.

1949-50; chairman, Committee on Present

BENNETT T. SIMMS, OREGON STATE 1911

Danger, 1951-53; Department of Defense ad­

Chief, Bureau o f A nim al Industry, Dept, o f

visor and minister, to North Atlantic Treaty Or­

Agriculture, post-W orld War II

ganization (NATO), 1953-54; consultant, Sec­

The post was the highest governmental po­ sition in that field.

TRACY S. VOORHEES (1890-1974) RUTGERS 1911 Under Secretary o f the Army, 1949-50; M inister to NATO, 1953-54; Dem ocrat

Born in Brunswick, N.J.; graduated from

retary of Defense, 1954-61; chairman, Presi­ dent’s Committee for Hungarian Refugees, 1960-61; vice chairman of the board, Rutgers University, 1959-65; died in Brooklyn, N.Y. CARLG. PAULSEN, IDAHO 1913 C hief Hydraulic Engineer, D epartm ent o f In te rio r’s G eological Survey, 1946-57

Rutgers University; law degree, Columbia Law

Began federal service as hydraulic engineer,

School, 1915; admitted to New Jersey bar, 1915,

1913, and w orked

New York bar, 1918; assistant to director, Bu­

with Department of In­

reau of Imports, War Trade Board, 1918; re­

terior for 47 years; re­

sumed law practice, 1919-42; colonel, U.S.

turned to the Geologi­

Army, Judge Advocate General, 1942; served

cal Survey after World War I; Army Corps of Engineers, Idaho Dis­ tric t E ngineer; as­ signed to Washington, Interior's Paulsen

DC, 1931; chief hydrau­ lic engineer, 1946-57.

“He has a marked ability to weld together technically dissimilar units into a harmonious and efficient organization,” read the citation for the Department of the Interior’s Distinguished Service Award. He served with distinction on national and international boards and commit­ tees concerned with water problems.

“Notable were his service on the international joint commission of Canada and the U.S. and representing the U.S. Supreme Court as River Master of the Delaware River.” He had general supervision of hydraulic investigations in Alaska and Hawai and similar work in Iraq.

JOHN JAY McCLOY, A M H E R ST 1916 Rutgers’ Tracy S. Voorhees was U.S. minister to NATO in Brussels, Belgium, also home of the European Parliament Building.

A ssistant Secretary o f War, 1941-45

Advisor to Presidents Roosevelt, Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford

BETA STATESMEN

149 For his complete biography, see page 36.

and Reagan For his complete biography, see page 32.

JOHN H.L HILLDRING, COLUMBIA 1916 A ssistant Secretary o f State, 1946-47

NORMAN M. LITTELL, WABASH 1921 A ssistant A ttorney General, 1939

A Rhodes Scholar, Littell anticipated going

In World War I, Hilldring was a lieutenant,

into journalism and

earning the Distinguished Service Cross for “ex­

was a foreign corre­

traordinary heroism.” In World War II, rising to

sp o n d e n t

the rank of major general, he led the 84th In­

P hiladelphia Public

fo r

the

fantry Division in its gallant fight against the

Ledger at the League

Germans in the Ardennes counteroffensive and

of Nations in 1923;

later in a remarkable drive from the Roer to the

graduated from Ox­

Rhine rivers. He was recalled to the War De­

fo rd ,

partment in Washington, DC, as Assistant Sec­

earned a law degree

retary of State for Occupied Areas, 1946-47.

Wabash’s Littell

1924,

and

from the University of

The alternate U.S. Delegate to the Second

Washington, 1929. He began practice, 1929,

General Assembly of the U.N., he was the first

and was Assistant Attorney General in charge

director of the civil affairs division of the War

of the Lands Division, 1939.

Department, 1943. He was chairman of the

ABE McGREGOR GOFF (1899-1984)

State-War-Navy Coordinating committee for

IDAHO 1922

Germany, Austria, Japan and Korea, charged

Interstate Com merce Commission, 1958-

with U.S. policy regarding displaced persons

67; chairm an fo r one term; U.S.

and arms and armament. After retirement, he

R epresentative from Idaho, 1947-49; Solicitor and General Counsel, U.S. Postal

was called back to service by President Truman as alternate U.N. delegate and worked as U.S. advisor for a solution to the Palestine problem.

Service, 1954-58; Republican

For his complete biography, see page 113.

FRANK MONTGOMERY DUNBAUGH, JR.

DONALD MALCOLM MERRITT, IOWA 1923

YALE 1917

U.S. Commissioner o f Public Debt, 1960-71

Founder, A m bassadors o f Friendship

For his complete biography, see page 33.

ROBERT ROWLAND HUGHES B RO W N 1917 D irector o f the Budget, 1954-57

Considered one of U.S.’s outstanding stu­ dents of public finance; assistant director of the budget, 1954-57; previously with National City Bank; sat with President Eisenhower’s cabinet and National Security Council; served bank in London and Shanghai; Controllers Association of America, 1943-57; died in San Francisco.

WILLIAM ORVILLE DOUGLAS WHITMAN 1920 Chairman, Securities and Exchange Commission, 1937-39; A ssociate justice, U.S. Suprem e Court, 1939-75

Retired commissioner of the public debt who served more than 35 years with the U.S. Trea­ sury Department. Named comm issioner in 1960, he was responsible for administration of the public debt, almost $400 billion by the time he retired in 1971. He began his federal career in 1935 in the San Francisco office of the Trea­ sury Department, was deputy commissioner, public debt, 1945, and assistant commissioner, 1946. He died in Washington, DC. WILLIAM A. F. STEPHENSON CHICAGO! VANDERBILT 1927 C hief o f Operations, U.S. Soil Conservation Service; Executive Officer, Public Works Adm inistration

Colonel Stephenson made history in an as­ sortment of careers. When the city of Paris cel­

150

ebrated the 40th anniversary of its liberation

MALCOLM J. PROUDFOOT, CHICAGO 1928

from German occupation in August 1984,

A ssistant Director, U.S. Census Bureau

Stephenson was honored as one of its two spe­

Dr. Proudfoot was assistant director, Census

cial American guests. Col. Stepheneson, who

Bureau, and international authority on popula­

was in Paris at the invitation of Mayor Jacques

tion migrations; taught at Northwestern, George

Chirac, was the U.S. officer responsible for re­

Washington and American universities; numer­

turning Charles de Gaulle from Algeria to

ous decorations from the U.S. and foreign gov­

France along with several other men who later

ernments for work with displaced persons in

became prime ministers of France. At the time,

World War II; received the Cross of Com­

Stephenson was a key officer on Gen. George

mander of the Royal Order of the Phoenix from

S. Patton’s staff. Earlier, he served with Army

King Paul for work in connection with the repa­

Chief of Staff George C. Marshall and helped

ration of 30,000 Greek displaced persons after

plan the invasion of Europe.

the war.

His multi-faceted career began shortly after

JUSTIN WHITLOCK DART (1907-83)

graduation when he joined the staff of the Chi­

NORTHW ESTERN 1929

cago Tribune, quickly rose in the executive

Member, President R eagan’s “Kitchen

ranks and then helped administer the 1933-34

C abinet;” Republican

Chicago Worlds Fair. Next, he was appointed

An All-American football player at Northwest­

chief of operations of the new U.S. Soil Con­

ern, Dart became a multimillionaire industrial­ ist and m em ber of President Reagan’s “Kitchen Cabinet” (un­ official corps of advi­ sors); general man­ ager, Walgreen Co.;

servation Service, ran the first surplus food pro­ gram for the poor, set up the first public hous­ ing projects and then became executive officer of the Public Works Administration, later the Works Progress Administration (WPA). As one of the highly publicized “Young Turks,” a brain trust for President Franklin D. Roosevelt, he reorganized the Department of the Interior.

p re sid e nt, R exall Drug Co.; chairman,

ville, Ky; B.S., graduated, Northwestern Univer­

Dart Industries, a di­ ve rsified m anufac­ Northwestern’s Dart tu re r o f co nsu m e r goods before it merged in 1980 with Kraft, the nation’s largest food products company. Flew a 10-passenger Lockheed plane from Chicago to Miami in an unofficial record time of 5 hours, 8 minutes; director, United Air Lines, 38 years.

Named to Board of trustees, Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, 1982; he was chair­ man, board of trustees, University of Califor­ nia; senior partner in his Washington, DC, law

sity; completed flying school and commissioned

firm; died in Los Angeles.

After the war, he returned to the Florida Power Corp., which he had supervised earlier and also acquired the Broquinda Corp., through which he marketed his own invention; Graduate School of Education, Harvard University. He retired to Bat Cave, N.C. HAROLD WINFIELD GRANT (1906-89) NORTHW ESTERN 1928 Deputy Commander, Federal Aviation Agency

Lt. General Grant, USAF, was born in Louis­

a 2nd lieutenant in 1929; rose through numer­

CHESTER DALE SEFTENBERG (1905-70)

ous postings to become commander, Air Force

LAW RENCE 1929

Communication Service, 1961, then deputy

Deputy Assistant Secretary o f the A ir Force

commander, Federal Aviation Agency.

World War II veteran and former Deputy As­ sistant Secretary of the Air Force, Seftenberg

BETA STATESMEN

151

was the youngest ever to serve in the Wiscon­

pointed assistant to the Secretary of Defense

sin State Legislature, being nominated before

and director of the Office of Public Information

his 21st birthday. He died in Phoenix, Ariz.

for the National Military Establishment.

DONALD S. DAWSON (1908-2005)

LAWRENCE EDWARD WALSH

M ISSO UR1 1930

COLUMBIA 1932

Special Executive A ssistant to the President, 1947-53

D eputy A ttorney General, 1957-61

A native of Nova Scotia, Canada, he was a

Major General Dawson, USAF, set a record

prosecutor in the office of New York District At­

in World War II for the fastest rise from private

torney Thomas E. Dewey; judge, Southern New

to general. He was Special Executive Assistant

York U.S. District Court, 1954-57, before be­

to President Harry S Truman in charge of all

coming first assistant to Attorney General Wil­

personnel in the Executive Branch, 1947-53.

liam P. Rodgers, 1957-61; Deputy chief U.S.

Described as the architect of Truman’s suc­

Negotiator, Paris Peace Talks, with North Viet­

cessful 22,000-mile whistle-stop presidential

nam; Office of the Independent Counsel, 1987,

campaign in 1948, he was president of the

to investigate the Iran-Contra affair during the

board of directors, Truman Library Institute for

Reagan Administration; responsible for bring­

National and International Affairs, 1981-89.

ing an indictment out of the grand jury against

Head of his own Washington, DC, law firm

Casper Weinberger just days prior to the 1992

for many years, he was president of the Re­

election which had a material impact on that

serve Officers Association; president, Army &

election; resident of Oklahoma City, Okla.

Navy Club; long-time chairman of the Wash­

LEON J. WHEELESS, M ISSISSIPP1 1932

ington Saints & Sinners; director, Humane So­

Director, civilian personnel, U.S.

ciety of the U.S., and a Beta Theta Pi Oxford Cup honoree. He died in 2005 in Bethesda, Md. HAROLD W. LADY, SYRACUSE 1930

D epartm ent o f Defense, 1957

Wheeless, holding down this post in the of­ fice of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, re­

Economic Adviser to Republic o f Korea

ceived a Career Service Award from the Na­

Fulfilled the role at the special request of South

tional Civil Service League.

Korean President Sygman Rhee. Urged Gen­

ROBERT WARREN BARNETT

eral McArthur to bolster defenses with planes,

NORTH CAROLINA 1933

ammunition and other war materials for fear of

D eputy A ssistant Secretary, Far Eastern

military attack by North Korea prior to the start of the Korean War in 1950. — Vol. 78, The Beta Theta Pi, pages 251-253 PHILIP YOUNG (1911-87) ST. LAW RENCE 1931 A ssistant Secretary o f the Treasury, 193842; Chairman, Civil Service Commission, 1953-56; A m bassador to The Netherlands, 1957-61

For his complete biography, see page 161.

WILLLIAM F. FRYE, JR., WABASH 1932 A ssistant to the Secretary o f Defense

During Post World War II days, he was ap­

Affairs, U.S. State Departm ent, 1963

Previously, Barnett represented the U.S. at the World Population Conference in Yugosla­ via; attended the charter signing for the newly established Asian Development Bank. Born in China, he maintained a particular interest in China affairs. During frequent visits to Taiwan and Hong Kong, he took special interest in plans to arrest the “brain drain” from those areas.

C. GIRARD DAVIDSON, TULANE 1933 A ssistant Secretary o f the Interior, postW orld War II

152 RALPH D. HETZEL, JR. (1913-94)

JOHN FR1TCHLE LUKENS, IDAHO 1936

PENNSYLVANIA STATE 1933

A ssistant S ecretary o f Com merce for

A ssistant to the U.S. Secretary o f Commerce, post-W orld War II

Valedictorian, Penn State, 1933; graduate

Personnel

Born in Idaho; U.S. Army, 20th Infantry (Pennsylvania’s “Bucket of Blood” division) in

studies, London School of Economics; execu­

France, World War I; discharged as a major

tive secretary to presidents, Congress of Indus­

with citations for valor in combat; studied law

trial Organizations (CIO) labor union; Army,

in night school, Washington, DC; admitted to

World War II; senior posts at the War Produc­

the bar in Idaho and DC; director of personnel,

tion Board and Civilian Production Administra­

Department of Commerce; designated a “Su­

tion before joining the Commerce Department

per-Grade” civil servant, which carried with it

after the war; trustee, Penn State, 36 years;

considerable prestige and honor.

chief lobbyist, Motion Picture Association, 1952-

“A gangling kid with a bemused wry smile.

71, president, 1966-71; a painter, he was dean

Warm and friendly, seldom excitable, he

of fine and professional arts, Kent State Uni­

showed at an early age an ability to stay calm

versity; provost, California Institute of the Arts.

and overcome obstacles while seeing a task

JOHN EDWARD DAVIS

through to completion. He had a keen, analyti­

NORTH DAKOTA 1935

cal mind and an ability to express himself posi­

First Director, Civil Defense Preparedness

tively and persuasively. Never one to blow his

Agency, 1972-77; G overnor o f North

own horn, he chose instead to let others have

Dakota, 1956-60

the limelight, Yet, as the years passed, his soft

For his complete biography, see page 137.

approach drew increased recognition for the

FRANK T. McCOY, OKLAHOMA 1935 D eputy Assistant Secretary o f the A ir Force, 1950-53

M ajor G eneral McCoy, an a tto rn e y in

hidden strength and capabilities behind his easy going smile.” — Lewis P. Ensign, Idaho 1936 NAJEEB E. HALABY (1915-2003) STANFORD 1937

Pawhuska, Okla., before serving in the Army

Adm inistrator, Federal Aviation

Air Corps in World War II, originated the Allied

Adm inistration, 1961-65; Deputy A ssistant

Code Name System for the identification of

Secretary o f Defense for International

Japanese aircraft, a system later adopted by NATO for the identification of Soviet aircraft;

Born in Dallas, Texas, Halaby also earned

Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force

degrees at Michigan and Yale, 1940. As CEO

during the Korean War; retired with more than

of Pan American World Airways, Inc., 1969-72,

Security Affairs, 1954

5,000 hours as a pilot in 26 different aircraft;

he put the Boeing 747 first of the generation of

died in Nashville, Tenn.

super jets in the commercial airways. Pan Am

BOYD L RASMUSSEN, OREGON STATE 1935 Director, Bureau o f Land Management, U.S. Dept, o f the Interior

Prior to his appointment by Secretary of the Interior Stewart Udall in 1966, he served 31 years with the U.S. Forest Service, rising through the ranks from forest ranger to deputy chief. He received the Departm ent of the Interior’s Distinguised Service Medal in 1968.

with “Jeeb” Halaby as president had some 30 superjets regularly crossing the Atlantic and the Pacific and continental U.S. by the end of June 1971 — first with the most of any airline. Halaby test piloted the 747 in its development stage and flew the first transcontinental jet flight.

According to

T im e

magazine (Jan. 19, 1970)

Halaby probably “knows more about the 747 than anyone outside of Boeing.” As Federal

BETA STATESMEN

153

Aviation Commission Administrator under Presi­

bilization Board, War Assets Administration,

dent Kennedy, he framed many of the govern­

State Department, Post Office Department and

ment rules that regulate the planes’ flights.

was Assistant Secretary of the Treasury.

Under his leader­ ship in the FAA, air fa­ talities per million pas­ senger

m iles,

dropped from .76 to .26, the number of air­ ports

A ssistant Secretary o f Defense

SEELEY G. LODWICK, IOWA STATE 1942 U ndersecretary o f A gricu ltu re for In ternatio n al A ffairs and C om m odity Program s, 1981-82

than

Secretary, Commodity Credit Corp., U.S. De­

doubled and more ra­

partment of Agriculture; director, government re­

dar gear was installed on a|| p|anes anc| con.

lations, W ashington

trol towers. When he retired as Administrator,

Bureau Federation,

FAA s Flalaby

m ore

NORMAN STARK PAUL, YALE 1940

office, American Farm

President Lyndon Johnson credited him with vig­

1974; Iowa administra­

orous and dynamic leadership, adding, “Every

tor for Senator Roger

passenger who flies across the country owes

W. Jepsen, while man­

him a debt of personal gratitude.”

aging a family-owned

Named FAA Adm inistrator by President

corn and soybean farm

Kennedy in 1961, he also served in the Johnson

in southeast Iowa; com­

Administration until 1965. His daughter Lisa be­

Agriculture’s Lodwick

came Queen Noor of Jordan.

national Trade Commission, 1983-91.

missioner, U.S. Inter­

CHARLES H. SHUFF, CORNELL 1937

DONALD G. BROTZMAN (1922-2004)

Deputy A ssistant Secretary o f Defense for

COLORADO 1943

International Security Affairs, circa 1958

DONALD F. BRADFORD, B OW DOIN 1938 D irector o f Econom ic A djustm ent Defense D epartm ent

A career federal employee, he was with the Office of the Secretary of Defense from 1952; one of six recipients of the Defense Department’s Distinguished Civilian Service award.

ARTEMUS E. WEATHERBEE, M A IN E 1939 A ssistant Secretary o f the Treasury; U.S. Director o f the Asian Developm ent Bank; Deputy Assistant Postm aster General, 1958

Weatherbee was U.S. Director, Asian Devel­

A ssistant Secretary o f the Army, 1975-77; U.S. Representative from Colorado, 196364 and 1967-74

For his complete biography, see page 116.

ROBERT FRED ELLSWORTH, KANSAS 1945 A ssistant/Deputy Secretary o f Defense for International Security Affairs, 1974-75; U.S. Representative from Kansas, 196167; A m bassador to NATO, 1974-75

For his complete biography, see page 116.

SAMUEL HALE BUTTERFIELD, IDAHO 1946 D epartm ent o f Labor, 1950-53; Bureau o f

opment Bank, an international financial institu­

the Budget, 1953-58; A gency fo r Inter­ national D evelopm ent (AID), 1958-80, in

tion, chartered in 1966 to foster economic

Libya, Tanganyika, Sudan, Tanzania, Nepal

growth and cooperation in Asia and the Far

U.S. Army, Italy, World War II; B.S., foreign

East. At age 25, Weatherbee was the young­

service, Georgetown University, 1949, M.A. his­

est director of personnel of the National War

tory and economics, 1953; career diplomat,

Labor Board in Washington, DC. After World

1958-80; labor economist, U.S. Department of

War II Navy service, he was with the Wage Sta­

Labor, 1950-53; Bureau of the Budget, 1953-

154

AID’s Butterfield

58; U.S. Agency for In­

fense Research Branch, Institute for Defense

ternational Develop­

Analyses and Advanced Research Projects

ment (AID), 1958-80,

Agency; deputy division chief, CIA; assistant

in Libya, Tanganyika,

director for defense systems, Office of Defense

Sudan, Tanzania and

Research and Engineering, Department of De­

Nepal; author; affiliate

fense; Deputy Undersecretary of the Air Force

professor, College of

for space systems; head of nuclear physics,

Forestry, Wildlife and

Convair Division, General Dynamics Corp,

Range Science, Uni­

1957-60; corporate director for electronics,

versity of Idaho. He

North American Aviation, 1962-67.

died in Moscow, Idaho, in 2008.

ROBERT C. HOLLAND, NEBRASKA 1946 Board o f Governors, Federal Reserve

Executive director, Federal Reserve Board,

H.R. HALDEMAN, UCLA 1948 White House c h ie f o f staff, 1969-75

White House chief of staff for President Nixon. After falling into public disfavor for his

a post The Wall Street Journal described as

role in the A d m in is tra tio n ’s co ver-u p of

“the No. 1 position at the Fed.” It was the first

Watergate, he was part-owner of the American

time in the 60-year history of the EBoard that a

Trade Center, Moscow, Russia, a joint venture

staff employee was nominated as a Federal Re-

with Radisson Hotels and Soviet government.

serve Governor. Degree in finance from

FRED MOORE VINSON, JR.

Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania,

W ASHINGTON & LEE 1949

and Ph.D. in Economics, University of Penn­

A ssistant A ttorney General, 1965-69

sylvania. Joined Federal Reserve of Chicago

A star baseball player in college, Vinson

in 1949, assistant vice president in charge of

served in the Army Air Corps in World War II;

the loan division, 1957.

Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Jus­

RICHARD H. HOLTON (1926-2005)

tice Department's criminal division, Vinson suc­

M IAM 1 1947

cessfully argued before the U.S. Supreme Court

A ssistant Secretary o f Com merce for

the jury-tampering conviction of former Team­

Economic Affairs, 1963-65

ster President James R. Hoffa; senior partner,

Raised in London, Ohio; cum laude, Miami

law firm of Reasoner, Davis & Vinson. His fa­

University, 1947; Ph.D., Harvard, 1952; asso­

ther, Fred M. Vinson, was Chief Justice of the

ciate professor, University of California, 1957-

U.S. Supreme Court, 1946-53.

67; research in Italy and Greece under a Fulbright grant; dean, U.C.’s Haas School of Business, 1967-75; Assistant Secretary of Com­ merce for Economic Affairs, overseeing Office

JACK R. BORSTING OREGON STATE 1951/OREGO/V 1952 A ssistant Secretary o f Defense (Comptroller), 1980-83

of Business Economics and Census Bureau,

Ph.D in mathematical statistics; provost and

1963-65; chaired President’s Consumer Advi­

academic dean, Naval Postgraduate School,

sor Council; chairman, Public Advisory Com­

Monterey, Calif., 1960-80, before his nomina­

mittee, truth-in-lending regulations for Federal

tion by President Carter to be Assistant Secre­

Reserve, 1968-72; died in Berkeley, Calif.

tary of Defense, 1980-83; Dean, School of Busi­

CHARLES W. COOK, SOUTH DAKOTA 1948

ness, University of Miami, 1983-88; and of Uni­

Deputy Undersecretary, A ir Force, 1979

versity of Southern California School of Busi­

Dr. Cook (M.S., science; Ph.D., nuclear phys­

ness, 1988-93; professor, business administra­

ics, CaliforniaTech), headed Ballistic Missile De­

tion, and executive director, Center for Telecom­

BETA STATESMEN

155

munications Manage­ m ent,

M arshall

LAW RENCE 1959

School of Business,

Assistant Secretary o f the Treasury for

University of South­

International Affairs, 1984-92; Ambassador

ern California, 1993.

As Assistant Secre­ tary of Defense, he Borsting o f Defense

DAVID C. MULFORD (1937-)

to India, 2003

For his complete biography, see page 163.

CHARLES E. McLURE, KANSAS 1963

was responsible for

Deputy A ssistant S ecretary o f the

m anagem ent s ys­ tems and budget.

Treasury for Tax Analysis, 1983-85

FRANK ANDERSON SHRONTZ (1931-)

B.A., Kansas, 1962; Masters, 1964; Ph.D., Princeton, 1966; senior staff economist, Presi­ dent Nixon’s Council of Economic Advisors,

IDAHO 1953 Assistant Secretary o f the A ir Force; 1973-

1969-70; professor of economics and finance,

76; Assistant Secretary o f Defense,

Rice University, 1970s; president, National

Logistics, 1976-77; CEO o f Boeing, 1988-98

Bureau of Economic Researach, 1979-81; a

Born in Boise, Idaho; LL.B., University of

Hoover Institution economist who took a leave

Idaho, 1954; 1st lieutenant, U.S. Army, 1954-

of absence, 1983-85, to join the Treasury De­

56; M.B.A., Harvard

partment, he redeveloped the proposals that

U nive rsity,

1958;

became the basis of substantial tax reforms;

Com pany,

helped shape the tax systems of Columbia, Ja­

1958-73; A ssista nt

maica and Bolivia and advised governments in

Secretary of the Air

Kenya, Panama, Malaysia and Indonesia.

Boeing

Shrontz o f Defense

Force, 1973-76; As­

RONALD D. RAY, CENTRE 1964

sistant Secretary of

Deputy Asst. Secretary o f Defense, 1984-88

Defense for logistics,

Law degree, University of Louisville; prac­

1976-77; returned to

ticed in Louisville; Marine Corps 2nd lieuten­

Boeing as a vice

ant, 1964, and served variously, including a tour

president, 1977; advanced to CEO of Boeing,

in Vietnam where he earned two Silver Stars

1986-96. Recipient of Beta Theta Pi’s distin­

and a Purple Heart; left active service in 1969;

guished Oxford Cup in 1999, he and his wife

promoted to colonel, Marine Corps Reserve;

Harriet reside in Mercer Island, Wash.

Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Guard/

FRANK A. BRACKEN, BALL STATE 1956 Deputy Secretary o f Interior, 1985-88

B.S., Carleton College (Canada), 1956; law degree, University of Michigan, 1960; M.B.A.,

Reserve Readiness and Training) 1984-88.

PETER D. MADIGAN, M A IN E 1981 Deputy A ssistant S ecretary o f the Treasury for Legislative Affairs, 1987

Harvard, 1978; legislative counsel, Department

Formerly special assistant to the Assistant

of the interior, 1969-72; group vice president,

Secretary of the Treasury for Legislative Affairs,

Ball Corp., 1972-88; chairman, Ball-lnCon

he had served at the Department since 1985

Glass Packaging Corp., 1987; Deputy Secre­

and previously was legislative director of the

tary, Department of the Interior, 1985-89, serv­

National Association of Realtors.

ing as legal adviser to the Secretary of the In­ terior; resumed law practice, 1989; vice presi­ dent, Ball State Board of Trustees, 2001.

156

1*1

CANADIAN AM BASSADORS

United Nations, New York City

SAULF. RAE (1914-99), T E X A S 1936 A m bassador to the U.N., 1972-76, an d to M exico, G uatem ala a n d The N etherlands Born in Hamilton, Ontario, as a child Saul Rae and his siblings were a vaudeville team called Three Little Raes o f Sunshine. His love of music, especially playing piano, stayed with him throughout his diplomatic career. A graduate of the University of Toronto, he earned his Ph.D. from the London School of Economics. He worked with George Gallup, the famous pollster, coauthoring the book, The Pulse o f Democracy. Later, he served on the staff of the Quebec Confer­ ence, which brought together Prime Minister Mackenzie King and the leaders of England and the U.S. in World War II. followed by service in the Department of External Affairs, 1940. A career diplomat for four decades, he was one of the first to serve in Paris after its liberation in 1944. He was deputy to the Canadian Commissioner, International Commission for Supervision and Con­ trol in Vietnam, 1955; Minister to the U.S.; Ambassador to the U.N., 1972-76, and later Ambassa­ dor to Mexico, Guatemala and The Netherlands. He retired in 1980 and died in 1999.

JOHN RUSSELL SCHRAM, W E S T E R N O N T A R IO 1 9 6 2 /T O R O N T O 1965 A m bassador to Ghana, to Sierra Leone an d to Benin High commissioner to the Republic of Ghana and Ambassador to Sierra Leone and Benin in the 1990s, Schram was with Canadian Foreign Affairs and International Trade since 1969. He was first posted to Lagos, Nigeria, and later served in Manila, The Philippines; the South Pacific, London, South Africa and Ottawa, and as director of Eastern and Southern Africa relations.

BETA STATESMEN

157

UNITED STATES AM BASSADORS

ALBERT GALLATIN PO RTER (1824-97), DEPAUW 1844 M inister to Italy, 1889-92; R epresentative fro m Indiana, 1859-63; F irst Comptroller o f the Treasury, 1878-80; Governor o f Indiana, 1881-85; Republican “American travelers,” reported a newspaper note from Rome, “speak highly of the courtesies shown by Hon. Albert G. Porter, at his Saturday receptions in the old Palazzo Muttel, one of the most richly furnished palaces in Rome. His opening address recently before the Anglo-American Archaeological Society won golden opinion from all who heard him.”

For his complete biography, see page 89.

HU M PH REY M A R SH A LL (1812-72), TRANSYLVANIA 1845 M inister to China, 1852-54; R epresentative fro m Kentucky, 1849-52, 1855-59; Whig, A m erican Party For his complete biography, see page 89.

W ILLIAM C O G G ESH A LL, OHIO 1859 M inister to Ecuador, 1866-67 A voluminous writer, he authored Signs o f the Times, Easy Warren and His Contemporaries, Oakshaw, Home Hits and Hints, Poets and Poetry in the West and Frontier Adventures. He was Ohio state Librarian, 1856-65; a colonel on the staff of Ohio Governors Dennison, 1861-62, and Cox, 1866; editor of the Springfield, Ohio, Republic, 1862-65, and Ohio State Journal, 1865-66, he was appointed U.S. minister to Ecuador in 1866, dying at his post in Quito in 1867.

RUFUS M A G EE, INDIANA 1864 M inister to N orw ay a n d Sweden, 1885-88 Technically, “Rufe” Magee was “Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary.” While he did not graduate, he quickly became a well-known journalist, connected with the Indianapolis Herald, 1865-66; Indianpolis Sentinel, 1866-67, and Logansport Pharos, 1869-76.

DAVID R O W LA ND FR A NC IS, WASHINGTON IN ST. LOUIS 1870 A m bassador to R ussia an d Soviet Union, 1916-17; G overnor o f M issouri, 1889-93; M ayor o f St. Louis, Mo., 1885-89; Secretary o f the Interior, 1896-97; D em ocrat For his complete biography, see page 131.

In his book, Russia From the American Embassy his perspective of the rise of bolshevism and the overthrow of the monarchy, he concluded: “Russia was the chief victim of (World War I.) We owe her a duty which gratitude should prompt us to discharge. But beyond that, if we could but realize it, we owe it to ourselves, if we would preserve our institutions, to eradicate this foul monster — bolshevism — branch, trunk and root. We owe it to society, we owe it to humanity, if we would save society from barbarism and humanity from slaughter. America saved civilization and thus became the moral leader of the world. Let us retain this leadership by saving Russia, because we are the only government on the face of the earth that can do it. The League of Nations is in active operations, and 48 or 49 governments have joined it. Let us join also. By that course we can save Russia and put an end to bolshevism.”

158

EDW IN H O LLAND TERRELL (1848-1910), DEPAUW 1871 M inister to Belgium , 1889-93 Born in Brookville, Ind., son of a Methodist minister; valedictorian, Indiana Asbury (DePauw); Harvard Law School, 1873; practiced law in Indianapolis, 1874-77, and in San Antonio, Texas, 1877-89; U.S. Minister to Belgium, 1889-93; U.S. plenopotentiary to the International Congress on Slave Trade, 1889-90; plenopotentiary to the conference which drafted the treaty providing publication of customs-tariffs of leading commercial powers, 1890; represented the U.S. on the Commission Technie, dealing with tariffs, 1890-91; negotiated with King Leopold a treaty of com­ merce and navigation between the U.S. and the Congo, 1891; delegate, International Monetary Conference, 1893; died in San Antonio.

HENRY SHER M A N BO U TELL (1856-1926), N O R T H W E S T E R N 1874 M inister P lenipotentiary to Portugal, 1911, a n d to Switzerland, 1911-13; R epresentative fro m Illinois, 1897-1911; Republican For his complete biography, see page 102.

JAM ES F. STUTESM AN (1860-1917), WABASH 1884 M inister to Bolivia, 1908-10 Born in Peru, Ind.; Indiana house of representatives, 1895, 1901-03; died, Crawfordsville, Ind.

ENO CH H ERBERT C RO W DER, MISSOURI 1886 A m bassador to Cuba, 1923 A graduate of the U.S. Military Academy, 1881, General Crowder, Judge Advocate General, U.S. Army, 1911-23; retired in 1923, after 41 years service, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Cuba.

A major feature in the New York Flerald, March 4, 1923, reported: “A rather undersized man, perfectly straight; if anything, he leans back a little both morally and physically; a big, round shaped head surmounted by an enormous pair of tortoiseshell glasses; a quick nervous step; a soft-toned voice . . . who can swear proficiently in English, Spanish, French, Italian and Tagalog and maybe several other Philippine dialects; a man who has the most direct, clear cut mind of anyone that I ever knew; never forgets anything, hates inefficiency, of indomintable energy . . . as much interested in his work as most men are in play . . . never has time to play golf or tennis.”

Refused promotion to lieutenant general, saying, “Great military honors should go only to those who are at the front fighting.” Thanks to his organizational genius, “ 10 million soldier boys were registered between sunrise and sunset by 4,667 local and 158 district draft boards. All previous drafts had taken months and had been accompanied by riots and bloodshed.”

Reporting on the Ambassador’s speech on Feb. 15, 1926, the 25th anniversary of the sinking of the USS Maine which precipitated the Spanish-American War of 1898, The Beta Theta Pi noted that Ambassador Crowder “delivered a masterly address in an impressive manner” in Havana, Cuba, when a memorial tablet, presented by the National United Spanish War Veter­ ans, was unveiled. The Havana Post published General Crowder’s speech in full and carried several illustrations of the tablet, the speakers and the crowd.

BETA STATESMEN

159

ALBERT HENRY W ASHBURN CORNELL 1889 M inister to A ustria “How great a part he played in European ad­ justments (1923-24) may never be known,” Washburn was described at the conferring of Doctor of Laws at Dartmouth in 1924. Born in Massachusetts; graduated from Cornell, stud­ ied at University of Virginia; doctor of laws, Georgetown University, 1924; U.S. attorney, Mass., 1893-1904; professor, political science and international law, Dartmouth; U.S. consul, Magdeburg, Germany, 1893; private secretary to Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Mass., 189093; Minister to Austria; “A tow ero f strength, en­ dearing himself to the Austrians while safe­ guarding U.S. interests,” newspapers reported as he was closing his office in Austria on April 2, 1930. He was about to embark to his new position as Ambassador to Japan when he died.

D W IG H T W H ITN EY M O R R O W (1873-1931), AM HERST 1895 A m bassador to M exico, 1927-30; Sen ator fro m New Jersey, 1930-31 For his complete biography, see page 83.

STANLEY K. H O RN BEC K , COLORADO/DENVER 1903 A m bassador to The Netherlands, 1944-47; C areer officer, U.S. State D epartm ent, 1919-45; Beta Theta P i’s fir s t R hodes Scholar Born in Franklin, Mass.; Rhodes Scholar; author of eight books; achieved distinction in two careers — education and government service; U.S. Tariff Commission, 1917; U.S. Army military intelligence, 1918; American Military Mission to Armenia, 1919; State Department, 1919-21; Conference on Disarmament, 1921; professor, Harvard University; Chief of the Division of Far Eastern Afffairs, State Dept., 1928-37; special advisor to the Secretary of State, 1937-44;Ambassador to The Netherlands (located in London during the German occupation in World War II), 1944-47.

Until even two weeks before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941, Hornbeck maintained that if the U.S. relaxed its oil em­ R hodes S ch o la r Stanley Hornbeck

bargo on Japan, the Western Pacific power would restrain from initiat­ ing war with the U.S. At least, he maintained, the U.S. should require Japan to withdraw from its Southeast Asia and China incursions in ex­

change for resuming oil shipments. Historians concur that had the U.S. adopted Hornbeck’s recommendations earlier, Japanese power would have been significantly weakened.

160

RICHARD CUN N IN G H AM PATTERSON, JR. (1886-1966) NEBRASKA 1909 /COLUMBIA 1911 A m bassador to Yugoslavia, to G uatem ala an d to Switzerland, 1944-54; A ssistant Secretary a n d Undersecretary, U.S. D epartm ent o f Com m erce, 1938-39 Decorated by 32 nations; a businessman who several times left high positions in private enter­ prise to take administrative public offices; Ambassador to Yugoslavia, 1944; service in Guate­ mala and Switzerland followed until 1954; New York City’s official host in his role as Commis­ sioner of the Dept, of Commerce and Public Events, 1954; chairman, N.Y.C. Mayor Robert Wagner’s Reception Committee, 1954; subsequently commissioner of Public Events and chief of protocol for the city for 12 years; after the war he became assistant to president of J.G. White Engineering Co.; E.l. du Pont de Nemours Co. as an engineer representing the company in China; Commissioner of Correction for N.Y.C., 1927-32; Commissioner of N.Y.C. Parole Board; Executive vice president, National Broadcasting Co., 1932-36. Assistant Secretary and Under Secretary, Department of Commerce, 1938-39; died in New York City.

ALVIN M AN SFIELD O W SLEY (1888-1967), TEXAS 1912 A m bassador to Rom ania, 1933-35; Ireland, 1935-37, a n d D enm ark, 1937-39 Born in Denton, Texas; American diplomat, lawyer and soldier; studied at North Texas State College, 1904, and Virginia Military Institute, 1909; law degree, University of Texas, 1912; began law practice, 1913; county and district attorney, Denton, 1915-17; State house of representa­ tives; officer in World War I, 36th Infantry Division, several campaigns including Meuse-Argonne offensive, discharged as lieutenant colonel, 1919; resumed law practice; national commander, American Legion, 1922-23, campaigning for financially distressed war veterans; unsuccessful candidate for U.S. Senate, 1928; appointed Minister to Romania in 1933, to the Irish Free State in 1935 and to Denmark in 1937; rejected F.D.R.’s 1940 campaign for a third term and supported Republican Wendell Willkie, Indiana 1916, and became a Republican; vice president, Ball Brothers’ Glass Mfg. Co.; died in Dallas, Texas.

PAUL VORIES M CNUTT, INDIANA 1913 First Am bassador to the Philippines, 1946; Governor o f Indiana, 1932-37 For his complete biography, see page 26.

GEORGE HO W LAND BU TLER , ILLINOIS 1915 A m bassador to the D om inican Republic, 1946-48 A career Foreign Service officer, 1926-51; Ambassador to the Dominican Republic, 1946-48; deputy director, State Department’s Policy Planning staff, 1948-51.

PAUL C. D AN IELS, YALE 1924 A m bassador to H onduras, 1947, an d to Ecuador, 1951-54 U.S. Foreign Service officer, 1928-54; counselor, Embassy, Bogota, Colombia, 1943-45; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1945-47; Ambassador to Honduras, 1947; Representative, Inter-American Economic and Social Council, 1947-48; director, American Republic Affairs, Department of State, 1947-49; delegate, 9th International Conference of American States, Bogota, 1948; Ambassa­ dor to the Council of Organization of American States, 1948-50; Ambassador to Ecuador, 195154; special advisor on Antarctica, Department of State, 1957-59.

BETA STATESMEN

161

TH O M A S C. A C H IL L ES, S T A N F O R D 1925 A m bassador to Peru; D irector o f S pecial O perations, U.S. State D epartm ent Since retirement from Peru, he was a Counselor of the State Department and head of its operations center. Named by President Kennedy to be Director of Special Operations for the State Department, unofficially identified as “a new cold-war operation center to keep a 24-hour watch on world crisis spots and to see that recommendations for dealing with crises are made promptly to the Secretary and through him to the President.” He held many posts in the State Department and abroad. He had a major role in drafting the North Atlantic Treaty following World War II. He retired in 1962.

PH ILIP Y O U NG (1911-87), ST. L A W R E N C E 1931 A m bassador to The N etherlands, 1957-61; Chairm an, C ivil Service Com mission, 1953-56; A ssistan t Secretary o f the Treasury, 1938-42 Born in Lexington, Mass.; MBA, Harvard, 1933; business economist, Securities and Ex­ change Commission, 1934; U.S. Treasury De­ partment, 1938; Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, 1938-42; Office of Emergency Manage­ ment, 1939; deputy administrator, Office of Lend-Lease, 1941; lieutenant commander, U.S. Navy, 1944-46; dean, business school, Colum­ bia University, 1948; Civil Service Commission, 1953; refused to reveal names of persons sus­ pected of being disloyal civil servants in Sen­ ate hearings; chairman, Project Hope; died in Arlington, Va. Philip Young’s famous father was Owen D. Young, St. Lawrence 1894. See page 20.

Windmill near The Hague, The Netherlands

JO SEPH S. FARLAND (1914-2007), W E S T V IR G IN IA 1936 A m bassador to D om inican Republic, 1957-60, to Panam a, 1960-63, to Pakistan, 1969-72, an d to Iran, 1972-73 Born in Clarksburg, W.V.; LL.B., University of West Virginia, 1938; lawyer and businessman, Morgantown, W.Va.; special agent, FBI, 1942-44; U.S. Navy, 1944-46; counsel to undersecretary of the Navy for mutual security affairs; Navy liaison officer, U.S. Military government in Korea; director, Center for Strategic & International Studies; died in Winchester, Va.

JO H N E. D O LIBO IS, M I A M I 1942 A m bassador to Luxem bourg, 1981-85 World War II Army captain, worked in the interrogation of high-ranking Nazi war criminals for the International War Crimes Tribunal in Nuremburg, Germany. His experiences are documented in his book Pattern o f Circles, 1989. He was Miami University’s alumni director for 34 years, including its vice president for development and alumni affairs for 14 years, when he resigned to accept President Ronald Reagan’s appointment as Ambassador to Luxembourg, the first time any naturalized American citizen had been named ambassador to his native country. Miami

162

University’s European Study Center in Luxembourg, which he helped found in the 1960s, bears his name. His 50 years in Boy Scouting in­ clude the vice presidency of the Dan Beard Council, Cincinnati, Ohio, the Silver Beaver and Distinguished Eagle Scout awards. A Phi Beta Kappa, he holds Luxembourg’s Grand Cross of the Grand Ducal Order of the Crown of Oak and is a Beta Theta Pi Oxford Cup honoree. He lives in Hamilton, Ohio. (John Dolibois wrote the Foreward to this book.)

ADO LPH D UBS, B E L O I T 1942 Ambassador Dolibois

A m bassador to A fghanistan, 1979 For his complete biography, see page 56.

ROBERT FRED ELLSW O RTH , K A N S A S 1945 R epresentative to the C ouncil o f NATO with the rank o f Am bassador, 1974-75; U.S. R epresentative fro m Kansas, 1961-67 For his complete biography, see page 116.

ROBERT H. PHINNEY, N O R T H C A R O L IN A 1945 A m bassador to Swaziland, 1982 A native of Pennsylvania, he served in the Navy during World War II, attaining the Tank of lieutenant junior grade. Active in real estate and food service businesses in Fremont, Mich.

GLEN ARTH UR H O LDEN (1928 ), O R E G O N 1951 A m bassador to Jam aica Hailed for achievements ranging from management of a $6 billion Ambassador Phinney

insurance group to a U.S. Ambassadorship, Glen Holden was born in Boise, Idaho; moved with his family to a ranch near Portland, Ore. He developed a love for horses; earned spending money caring for them and enjoyed playing polo. He began a career in insurance after gradu­ ation; soon had his own life insurance agency spreading to three states; was president, Variable Annuity Life Insurance Company (VALIC); sold VALIC and formed Security First Group, Los Angeles, 1973.

Holden was founder and CEO of The Holden Group, a complex of more than $6 billion in life insurance, growing to 11 separate financial companies.

Ambassador Holden

Named Ambassador to Jamaica in 1989, he was among five men honored in 1992 for outstanding service to Jamaica at the 11th annual Charity Gala of American Friends of Jamaica, New York.

ERIC M. JAVITS (1 9 3 1 - ), C O L U M B IA 1952 A m bassador to the Conference on D isarm am ent, 2001-02; A m bassador to the Organization f o r the Prohibition o f C hem ical Weapons, 2003 Born in New York, N.Y.; A.B., Columbia University, 1952; J.D., Columbia Law School, 1955; Ambassador to the Conference on Disarmament, 2001-02; Ambassador to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, 2003, Geneva, Switzerland; attorney, Javits & Javits,

BETA STATESMEN

163

1955-64; senior partner, Javits & Javits, 1964-89; senior counsel, Robinson, Brog, Leinwand, Green, Genovese & Gluck, P.C., 1990-2001; resides in Palm Beach, Fla.

ROBERT G. RICH , JR ., FLORIDA 1952 A m bassador to Belize, 1987 After graduate work in anthropology and Asian studies at Cornell, he spent two years at sea, U.S. Navy during the Korean War; entered the U.S. Foreign Service, 1957; Indonesian specialist in Jakarta, Medan and Washington; deputy chief of mission, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago; director, Office of Korean Affairs, and deputy chief of mission, Manila, The Philippines, with rank of Minister.

DAVID CAM PBELL M U LFO RD (1 9 3 7 - ), L A W R E N C E 1959 A m bassador to India, 2004- ; A ssistant Secretary o f the Treasury, 1984-92 Born in Rockford, III., Dr. Mulford earned his master’s degree from Boston University, 1962, and his Ph.D. from Oxford University, England, 1965. Prior to becoming Ambassador to India in 2004, he was chairman, international, Credit Suisse, First Boston, London. He was under­ secretary and assistant secretary for interna­ tional affairs, U.S. Treasury, 1984-92, manag­ ing director and head of international finance at White, Weld & Co., Inc, 1974-84, and senior investment advisor to the Saudi Arabian Mon­ etary Agency. He was head of White Weld In­ ternational Finance Group, 1966-74, and was a White House fellow and special assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury, 1964-66.

David Mulford is ambassador to India. Pictured: India’s famous Taj Mahal.

LA UR EN CE E. PO PE II (1 9 4 5 -), BOWDOIN 1967 A m bassador to Chad, 1993-96 A resident of Portland, Maine, Ambassador Pope speaks French and Arabic. He held numer­ ous senior posts in 31 years in the State Department. He was director, Northern Gulf Affairs, 1987-90; associate director, Counter-Terrorism, 1991-93; political advisor to General Zinni, Com­ mander, Control Command, 1997-2000. Nominated but not seated as Ambassador to Kuwait, 2000, he took advanced studies at Princeton. He is the son of World War II Medal of Honor recipient Everett P. Pope, Bowdoin 1941.

RAYM OND E. M ABUS (1 9 4 8 -), M ISSISSIPPI 1969 A m bassador to Saudi A rabia, 1994-96; G overnor o f M ississippi, 1988-92 For his complete biography, see page 139.

164

U.S. FOREIGN SERVICE shed his Army uniform and, in Prague, B udapest, H am burg, Trieste, Belgrade and points in Poland and Rumania, established operations for the U.S. Food Ad­ ministration in Central Europe, in­ cluding his work as head of the U.S. Grain Corporation, the Ameri­ can Relief Administration and the Inter-allied Mission. For holding all of these jobs, the San Francisco lawyer received $200 a month, his pay as a captain in the Army.

His boss, fu tu re P re sid en t SAMUEL MERRILL, WABASH 1851

Herbert Hoover, said, “Captain T.T.C. Gregory

Consul at Calcutta, India

cleaned up the biggest job in Europe” after the

Formerly a colonel in the 70th Regiment, In­ diana Volunteers, he was consul, 1890-91.

war by saving central Europe from starvation, Bolshevism and the return of the Hapsburgs.”

THOMAS T. CRITTENDEN (1832-1909)

He returned home after a year-and-a-half in the

CENTRE 1855

war zone. Hoover knew of his ability from his

U.S. Consul General to Mexico, 1893-97; G overnor o f Missouri, 1881-85; U.S.

association with him at Stanford, and after the

Representative from Missouri, 1873-75,

task. “And Gregory did it,” was Hoover's terse

1877-79; Dem ocrat

For his complete biography, see page 94.

armistice chose him personally for the huge comment.

“It” consisted of distributing, under terrifying

ROBERT ROBERTS HITT (1834-1906)

conditions, o f 150,000 tons of food from

DEPAUW 1855

America and completing plans for 80,000 tons

Assistant Secretary o f State, 1881; R epresentative from Illinois, 1882-1906; Republican

more from the U.S. . . . overthrowing the pow­ erfully entrenched Bela Kun, leader of the Bol­

For his complete biography, see page 95.

ing out the Archduke Joseph after that remnant

ANDREW JACKSON McCONNICO

of the Hapsburgs had seized the government

BRO W N 1899

away from the leaders who had worked hand

American Counsul with U.S. Foreign Service

in hand with Gregory to cast out communism .

shevists after he had seized Budapest... throw­

A former American consul who served in the

. . establishing the coalition government by in­

U.S. foreign service for 30 years, he died in

ducing labor leaders to unite with other parties

Jacksonville, Fla., in 1969.

of the people and forcing the Peace Confer­

THOMAS TINGEY CRAVEN GREGORY STANFORD 1899 H eaded agencies in restoration o f Central Europe after W orld War I

At the end of World War I, Captain Gregory

ence to recognize the legality of every move made. Gregory conceded that the mastermind of Hoover was a dominating factor. While the work was going on, Hoover was in Paris while Gregory was in Vienna.

BETA STATESMEN MADDIN SUMMERS, VANDERBILT 1899 U.S. Consul-general, Moscow, USSR, 1916-18

165 U.S. Consul General, Warsaw, Poland

Born in China, son of American missionar­

As American consulate at the Soviet capital,

ies; tutor to sons of the Chinese emperor; ne­

according to the Associated Press report of his

gotiator during the Boxer Rebellion; joined the

death, he presumably had the most extraordi­

A m e rican

nary and most exacting task of any in the con­

Service, 1910-39; as­

sular service, directing activities of a sizeable

signed

Foreign

to trou ble

organization of consular officers and agents ex­

spots throughout the

tending throughout eastern Russia. The stress

world; received rec­

of the task took his life in 1918. He was 41.

ognition from two U.S.

He entered the consular service of the State

presidents and the

Department in 1899. At Barcelona, Spain, he

British government;

was vice consul and deputy consul-general; to

died in Vancouver,

Madrid, 1900; Mexico City, 1901; back to Madrid, 1902; charge d’affaires at La Paz, Bo­ livia, 1910; also served at Chihuahua, Mexico, Belgrade and again in South America. He was secretary, Pan-American Scientific Congress, 1916, on to Moscow in 1916.

Consul Davis

B.C.

JORDAN HERBERT STABLER JOHNS HOPKINS 1907 S ecretary and Charge d ’Affaires, Guatemala, 1911; 2nd Secretary, U.S. Em bassy in London

“He died as truly in the service of his country

Entered the U.S. Foreign Service upon

as any man who falls at the first line trench,”

graduation from college; stationed variously in

noted a State Department official.

Guatemala, Equador, Stockholm, Brussels and

ALBRO LEONARD BURNELL BOW DOIN 1900 U.S. Consular Service, 1900-1921

A transfer from the Maine chapter, he was a charter member of Bowdoin chapter. Follow­

Paris; 2nd secretary, London, 1915.

RAYMOND HERMAN GEIST (1886-1955) W ESTERN R ESERVE 1910 U.S. Foreign Service officer noted for his heroism before and during W orld W ar II

ing graduation, he taught for six years in the

Ph.D, Harvard, 1918; Dr. Geist was chief

government schools in The Philippines. In

translator for the censorship division, U.S. Navy;

1908, he was vice-consul at Barrankuila, Co­

attached to the American Commission to ne­

lumbia, and in 1912 transferred to Rio de

gotiate peace in Paris, 1918-19; in charge of

Janiero, Brazil. He was in the consular service

relief work in Austria; vice consul, Argentina,

in France, stationed at Rouen and at Lille,

Uruguay, Egypt, Germany, 1921-24; secretary

where he died in 1921.

of embassy and charge d’affairs in various em­

CHARLES ROY NASMITH, COLGATE 1904

bassies; Commander's Cross Order of Merit of

U.S. Foreign Service, 1907-46

the Republic of Germany, 1940, for work in aid­

Career foreign service officer in France, Bel­

ing anti-Nazis to escape pre-war Germany;

gium, Holland, England, Brazil and Scotland, as vice-consul, consular assistant and consul;

awarded the Salvator Medal by the Austrian government; died at age 69.

a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,

EUGENE CLAIRE SHOECRAFT

1937; died in Edinburgh, Scotland.

JOHN KER DAVIS, W OOSTER 1905 N egotiator in B oxer Rebellion and member, Consul General, Vancouver, B.C.;

D ICKINSON 1914 First Secretary, U.S. Embassy, Paris, 1921

While secretary of the American Mission at Vienna, he went to Paris on Oct. 24, 1921.

166 GEORGE R. HUKILL, LEHIG H 1915

Diplom at detained by N azi Germany, 1941;

First Secretary and Consul, U.S. Embassy at Rio de Janiero, Brazil

Counsul-general, Quebec City, Canada

Cunningham was among 134 members of

Vice Consul, Lucerne, Switzerland, 1926-27;

the U.S. Embassy in Berlin interned when the

Consul, 1928-29; Consul, Zurich, Switzerland,

U.S. declared war on Germany in 1941. In May,

1929-32; Consul, Torreon, 1933-38; Consul,

1942, the Germans loaded Cunningham, then

Porto Alegre, 1938-43.

the third secretary at the embassy, and others

WALTER H. RITSHER, B ELO IT 1921 U.S. Consulate General, Beirut, Lebanon

After completing his contract with the Ameri­ can University of Beirut, Ritsher entered the Consular service of the Department of State.

AVERY FREDERICK PETERSON, ID A H 0 1932 Deputy A ssistant Secretary o f State, Far Eastern Econom ic Affairs, 1959-63

Graduated Georgetown School of Foreign Service, 1929, distinguished 35-year career in Foreign Service; Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, Far Eastern Economic Affairs, 1959-63;

into trains for Lisbon, then exchanged for Ger­ man diplomatic personnel who had been held in the U.S. He retired as counsel-general, Que­ bec City, in 1980.

While he said he can’t “second-guess the State Department,” the lesson of this earlier in­ cident was lost in the Iranian hostage crisis, 1979-80. The seizure was an act of war, he said.

“If it had been officially declared so, Iranian na­ tionals could have been similarly interned thus providing a “bargaining chip.”

WILLIAM FREDERICK PENNIMAN, JR.

Consul General, Singapore and Vancouver,

PENNSYLVANIA 1934

B.C.; Counselor of the Embassy and Charge

C onsul and Second Secretary, U.S. Embassy, Santiago, Chile

dAffaires, Canberra, Australia; 1st Secretary for Economic Affairs, Stockholm, 2nd Secretary

CURTIS C. STRONG, ALABAMA 1935

and Consul, Ottawa, and Trade Commissioner,

State D epartm ent Foreign Service Officer

Ottawa and Toronto; editor, Foreign Service

Stationed in U.S. embassies in Conakry,

Journal, 1859-63; after retirement, taught po­

Guinea, Cairo and as Deputy Chief of Mission,

litical science, Boise State University.

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; deputy director for

COBURN B. KIDD, OKLAHOMA 1931

Southern Africa, Office of Eastern and South­

Conselor and Political Affairs Officer

ern African Affairs, Washington, DC.

Served in Japan, London, Washington, DC, Vienna, American Embassy in Bonn, Germany.

H. FRANCIS CUNNINGHAM NEBRASKA 1934

NORMAN A. JONES, KANSAS STATE 1951 First secretary, Am erican Embassy, Canberra, Australia

Concerned with political affairs.

“A n d whiskey m akes m en sm art?”

John W. Yerkes, Centre 1872, Commissioner of Internal Revenue, tells of campaigning in Kentucky with another stump speaker. The latter thought to make a good impression in the famous distillery town of Owensboro, and in his speech there sounded the praises of whiskey. “Why, gentlemen,” said he, “I have noticed in my reading of history and biography that all great men drank liquor. I tell you, whisky makes men smart.” “What’s that?” said an old farmer who was a noted teetotaller. “Whisky makes men smart,” reiterated the orator, and I challenge denial.” “Then,” said the farmer, “you’d better get a couple of barrels and begin on it at once.”

BETA STATESMEN

167

FOREIGN STATESMEN A IM AR O SATO, DEPAUW 1881 Personal A dvisor to the Japanese Crown Prince; Japanese Am bassador to the U.S. The graduate of Indiana Asbury University (DePauw) was appointed Ambassador to the U.S. in 1916. In Awomori, his native town in the North end of Japan’s main island, a thousand years ago the Mikado’s armies won their final victories over the aboriginal tribes. Sato was a samurai.

“Samurai” means “servant.” It tells of a man consecrated in loyalty to his lord and Emperor.

His adult life began in drudgery at the Foreign Office, but when the Russian war storm broke in 1904, he was summoned home for heavier labors. Even in 1905, a hundred thousand Russians who were prison­ ers in Japan called him “blessed.” In Japan in 1904, an office for special correspondence during the war with Russia was at once established and Sato placed at its head. As a result of his leadership, Russian news­ papers declared that it is easy to make friends of the Japanese because they fight and act like gentlemen.

After his diplomatic service of nearly a decade in Holland, Sato came to the U.S., familiar with the traditions of international friendship.

As a young man, he was in Washington as Secretary of the Japanese Legation in 1881 and sat in the treaty room at Portsmouth in 1905.

At a meeting of the New York Beta Theta Pi Club, attended by sena­ Ambassador Sato

tors, representatives and other high dignitaries, Ambassador Sato said, “It is my firm belief that if the universal brotherhood of mankind is a good

thing, the brotherhood of select congenial souls (e.g., Beta Theta Pi) is a better th in g .. . . Nothing is more gratifying to me than to be able to serve as the most important link between my country and yours, both of which I love so well.”

GERD TACKE, NORTHWESTERN 1930 West Germ an Industrialist Described by Forbes magazine as one of the heroes of the post-war West German economic recovery, achieving that description while serving as CEO of Siemens A.G., the Munich-based electrical equipment maker. The firm had been left in a deficit capital position after World War II, but

* Li

under Tacke it mushroomed to nearly $3 billion in world­ wide sales, more than half from electric power and tele­ communications equipment. More recently, he pushed the electronics giant into nuclear power and computers.

K A R L-H EINZ O EDEK O VEN OREGON STATE 1937 Director, U nited N ations F ood a n d A griculture O rganization, 1965-74 For his complete biography, see page 55.

The Oedekovens, standing and seated at right, in their later years.

168

MAYORS HIRAM WILLEY (1818-1910)

THOMAS WARREN BENNETT (1831-93)

W ESLEYAN 1839

D EPA UW 1855

Mayor of New London, Conn., 1862-65

Mayor, Richmond, Ind., 1869-70,1877-83,

Willey practiced law in New London, Conn.,

1885-87; Governor, Idaho Territory, 1871-

1843-75; State house of representatives, 1845,

75; U.S. Representative, Idaho, 1875-76

1857,1877; State senate, 1859; mayor of New

For his complete biography, see page 93.

London, 1862-65; Judge, Court of Common

GEORGE BLACKMORE GUILD

Pleas, 1870-73; died in Hadlyme, Conn.

GEORGE L. BECKER, MICHIGAN 1842 Mayor of St. Paul, Minn., 1856-57 Born in Locke, N.Y., 1829; moved to Ann Ar­

CUMBERLAND 1855

Mayor of Nashville, Tenn.

A Confederate battle veteran of the Civil War, he was a member of the State legislature, 1871-

bor, Mich., 1841; after graduation, moved to St.

72; Nashville mayor, clerk, special judge, mas­

Paul, Minn., 1849; practiced law; delegate to

ter in chancery and a practicing lawyer.

the constitutional convention; elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, 1857, but was not seated because three senators were named; in a drawing, he drew the short straw; nominated for governor, 1859, but defeated in the general election; State senate, 1868-76; nominated for Congress in 1872 but defeated.

WILLIAM BURNHAM WOODS (1824-87) W ESTERN RESERVE 1842

Mayor of Newark, N.J., 1846, 1855-57; Associate Justice, Supreme Court, 1881-87 For his complete biography, see page 123.

ANDREW J. POPPLETON, MICHIG AN 1851 Mayor of Omaha, Neb., 1858-59 Leaving college before graduation, because of anti-fraternity rules; rather than resign from Beta Theta Pi, he transfered to Union College, graduating, 1851; honorary degree, Michigan, 1895; studied law; practiced at Omaha, Neb.; member, Nebraska Legislature, 1854-55,185758; mayor of Omaha, 1858-59; general attor­ ney, Union Pacific Railway, 1863-88; elected to U.S. Senate by the first Constitutional con­ vention of Nebraska but was not seated as the

ALBERT SEATON BERRY (1836-1908) M IAM 1 1856

Mayor of Newport, Kentucky, 1870-78; U.S. Representative from Kentucky, 1893-1901 For his complete biography, see page 96.

WILLIAM THOMAS ELMER (1835-1907) W ESLEYAN 1857

Mayor of Middletown, Conn., 1876-77; State Supreme Court, 1894 Born in Rome, N.Y.; law school, Albany, N.Y., 1859; judge of probate, 1863; state’s attorney, 1863-75, 1885-94; State senate, 1873; mayor of Middletown, Conn., 1876-77; State house of representatives, 1894-95; appointed to State superior court, 1895-1905.

CHARLES PEYTON GORDON, EMORY 1857 Mayor of Dalton, Ga., 1869 Completed studies at the University of Vir­ ginia, graduating in 1857; M.D., University of City of N.Y., 1860; practiced in Georgia until the Civil War; surgeon, Confederate army, 1861-65; practiced in Dalton, Ga. from 1869.

HENRY MOSES POLLARD (1836-1904)

state was not yet admitted to the Union; LL.D.,

DARTM OUTH 1857

University of Nebraska, 1877; keynote speaker,

Mayor of Chillicothe, Mo., 1874;

1878 Beta convention; died in Omaha.

Representative from Missouri, 1877-79 For his complete biography, see page 97.

BETA STATESMEN

169

JOHN HANNA (1837-82), D EPA UW 1858

GEORGE TITUS BAKER, CORNELL 1879

U.S. Representative from Indiana, 1877-79;

Mayor of Davenport, Iowa; 1898

Mayor of Greencastle, Ind., 1851-54

EDWARD EVERETT HOLLAND, (1861-1941)

For his complete biography, see page 97.

R IC HM O ND 1879

LESLIE ROBINSON, K NO X 1858

Mayor of Suffolk, Va., 1885-87; U.S.

Mayor of Peoria, III.

Representative from Virginia, 1911-21

Left college before graduation and finished

For his complete biography, see page 104

his course at Yale. A merchant and president,

WILLIAM STROTHER COWHERD (1860-1915)

electric light and power, gas companies and other large corporations, he was mayor one term.

WALTER LOWRIE CAMPBELL WESTERN RESERVE 1867

Mayor of Youngstown, Ohio JAMES COOPER EVANS (1845-1902) OHIO WESLEYAN 1868

Mayor of Fort Collins, Colo., 1892-94 Served with distinction in the 145th Ohio Volunteers during Civil War; taught school; gro­ cery business, Marengo, Ohio; moved to Fort Collins, Colo.; engaged in sheep and cattle rais­ ing; mayor, Fort Collins, 1892-94; State sen­ ate, 1894-1902; director, First National Bank of Fort Collins.

M ISSO UR 1 1881

Mayor of Kansas City, 1892; U.S. Representative from, Missouri, 1897-1905 For his complete biography, see page 104.

LUCIAN H. COCKE, VIRGINIA 1881 Mayor of Roanoke, Va., 1884-86 THOMAS THEODORE CRITTENDEN, JR. (1864-1938), M ISSO UR I 1882 Mayor of Kansas City, Mo., 1907-10 Son ofT.T. Crittenden, Sr., Centre 1855, one of Missouri’s most distinguished governors, Thomas, Jr. was born near Springfield, III. In 1865, the family moved to Warrensburg, Mo. He lived in Kansas City, 1894 until his death.

His key achievements as Kansas City’s mayor

WILLIAM DALLAS BYNUM (1846-1927)

were, reported the Kansas City Times, “civic

INDIANA 1869

improvements, laying the ground work for many

Mayor, Washington, Ind., 1875-79; U.S.

public works developed and completed by his

Representative from Indiana, 1885-95

successors. A new city charter was adopted;

For his complete biography, see page 101.

he and other civic leaders persuaded Col. Tho­

DAVID R. FRANCIS (1850-1927)

mas Swope to give the city a 1,300-acre park.

W ASHINGTON in ST. LOUIS, 1870

GEORGE WASHINGTON CROMER (1856-

Mayor of St. Louis, Mo., 1885-89; Governor

1936), INDIANA 1882

of Missouri, 1889-93; Secretary of the

Mayor, Muncie, 1894-98; U.S. Represen­

Interior, 1896-97; Ambassador to the

tative from Indiana, 1899-1907; Republican

Soviet Union, 1916-17

For his complete biography, see page 105

For his complete biography, see page 131.

WILLIAM FRANCIS STEVENSON

WEBSTER EVERETT BROWN (1851-1929)

(1861-1942), DAVIDSON 1885

W ISCONSIN 1874

Mayor of Cheraw, S.C., 1895-96; U.S.

Mayor of Rhinelander, Wis. 1894-95; U.S.

Representative, South Carolina, 1917-33

Representative from Wisconsin, 1901-07

For his complete biography, see page 107.

For his complete biography, see page 102.

MEREDITH E. STICKLEY, BETHANYW 7S Mayor of Woodstock, Va.

WILLIAM B. DOYLE, A M H E R S T 1886 Mayor of Akron, Ohio; Republican

170 GEORGE B. WARD, CUMBERLAND 1887

ties; consistent opponent of corporate inter­

Mayor of Birmingham, Ala., 1905

ests when their projects interfered with the

A Birmingham banker, he was mayor for two terms at age 35 (the same age as the city) and president of the Board of Commissioners.

WEBSTER WILLIAM DAVIS (1862-1923)

interests of the city.

LOUIS JEFFERSON BRANN (1876-1948) M A IN E 1898

Mayor, Lewiston, Maine, 1915-16,1922-24; Governor of Maine, 1933-37

KANSAS 1888

Mayor Kansas City, Missouri, 1894-96; Assistant Secretary of the Interior For his complete biography, see page 146.

CHAUNCEY L. McFARLAND

For his complete biography, see page 134.

DAVID H. JACKSON, CORNELL 1898 Mayor of Lake Forest, III., 1906 DONALD C. APPENZELLER

CALIFORNIA 1895

DIC KINSO N 1899

Mayor of Riverside, California

Mayor of New Rochelle, N.Y.

GEORGE STURGES BUCK, YALE 1896 Mayor of Buffalo, N.Y., 1918-22

Appointed mayor, Feb. 1,1915, he was the city’s police commissioner for three years;

At Yale, he started The Calendar, a school

manager, stock departm ent, Sw artout &

paper published ever since; one of five chosen

Appenzeller, Manhattan; previously, news re­

for final competitions in both Junior and Senior

porter for nine years; for five years, he followed

Exhibitions; chosen class orator for commence­

New York police conditions and went to Eu­

ment. Graduated from Buffalo Law Schoool,

rope to study police systems.

1898. Practiced law, 1899-1919; Erie County

ALBERT I. BEACH (1883-1939)

Board of supervisors, 1904-12; Erie County

KANSAS 1905

Auditor, 1912-18. Because of “all the forces of

Mayor of Kansas City, Mo., 1924-30

evil combined against him, he published an ar­

Born in Olathe, Kan.; law degree, Wash­

ticle, “Sidelights on the Mayor's Job,” in the Out­

ington in St. Louis, 1907; Kansas City coun­

look, Jan. 25, 1922.

cil, 1910-1924; mayor, 1924-30, the last

REGINALD H. SULLIVAN (1876-1980)

Manager form of government.

WABASH 1897

Mayor of Indianapolis, Ind., 1930-34 Born in Indianapolis, Ind.; State senate, 1911-13; mayor, Indianapolis, 1930-34, 193942; won the 1938 election for mayor against chapter brother Herman Wolff, Wabash 1910.

WILLIAM E. KEMP (1889-1968) M ISSO UR I 1914

Mayor of Kansas City, Mo., 1946-55 Born in LaMonte, Mo.; law degree, Wash­ ington in St. Louis, 1917; World War I vet­

MACY A. BROUSE

eran; Kansas City city counsel, 1940, pros­

OHIO WESLEYAN

ecuting several city employees leading to the

1894

fall of the Thom as Pendergast machine;

Mayor, Kokomo, Ind. Died in office, Oc­ to b e r 1906, in his

Mayor Brouse

elected mayor before the city adopted the City

mayor, 1946-55.

CHARLES P. TAFT (1897-1983), YALE 1918 Mayor, Cincinnati, Ohio

third term as mayor;

Reelected in 1976 to the Cincinnati City

trustee , League of

Council where he was a force in city govern­

American Municipali­

ment for 50 years; when mayor, Fortune

BETA STATESMEN

171

ranked Cincinnati the best-managed big city in

years of 60-70 hours a week to his “part-time”

the U.S. The only surviving son of the nation’s

job as mayor, he declared, “The best way to

27th president, William Howard Taft, he was a

bring jobs to Spokane is to have a well-run

legend in his native Cincinnati; during World

city.” He introduced the council-city manager

War II, he was director of U.S. Community War

system and soon elevated this “Capital of the

Service, Federal Security Agency; later direc­

Inland Empire” to a thriving center which led to

tor of economic affairs, U.S. State Department.

the highly successful Expo ’74 World’s Fair.

ROLLAND B. MARVIN (1897-1979)

EDWARD J. STACK (1910-89)

SYR A CU SE 1920

LEH IG H 1931

Mayor of Syracuse, N.Y., 1930s

Mayor, Pompano Beach, Fla., 1965-68: U.S.

Served five terms; died in Syracuse.

Representative from Florida, 1979-81 For his complete biography, see page 114.

WILLIAM ALFRED ROBINSON (1912-57) TORONTO 1925

JOHN EDWARD DAVIS

Mayor of Midland, Ont. 1945; House of

NORTH DAKOTA 1935

Commons, 1945-1957

Mayor, McClusky, N.D., 1948-56; Governor,

For his complete biography, see page 121.

North Dakota, 1956-60; first Director, Civil

NEAL R. FOSSEEN, WASHINGTON 1929

Defense Preparedness Agency, 1972-77 For his complete biography, see page 137.

Mayor of Spokane, Wash., 1959-67;

HERBERT Y. CARTWRIGHT, JR., TEXAS 1937

Founder, Sister City Program World’s youngest Eagle Scout when he was

Mayor, Galveston, Texas

age 12; colonel, U.S. Marine Corps; Washing­

At age 32, he was the youngest to ever hold

ton Brick & Lime Co., 1923-58, president last

the office of mayor since this type of municipal

20 years; director, Securities Intermountain

government was established in Galveston

Co., 1954-71; director, Old National Bank of

nearly a half-century ago. This form is often

Washington, 1958-73; devoted 60-70 hours a

referred to as the “Galveston Plan.”

week to part-time job as mayor; originated sis­ ter city program, with Nishinomiya, Japan.

VIRGINIA 1937

Recipient of Beta Theta Pi’s Oxford Cup in May 2000, Mayor Fosseen was saluted by The Spokesman-Review with the headline, “Re­ luctant leader left his mark,” noting, “As a mayoral candidate, Neal Fosseen initially was re­ luctant; as mayor, he occasionally was frus­ tra te d ,

but

as

GEORGE G. SEIBELS, JR. (1913-2000)

a

former mayor, he’s a standard-setter.”

In the late 1950s,

Mayor of Birmingham, Ala., 1967-75 U.S. Navy lieutenant during World War II on a n ti-su b m a rin e duty on a com bat m ine­ sweeper off North Africa; an ardent promoter of traffic safety; the George G. Seibels Traffic Safety Award is given annually by the Jaycees to the Jaycee Traffic Safety chairman whose city has the best traffic safety program; mem­ ber, Birmingham City Council, 1963-68; State legislature, 1978-90.

com m unity leaders tapped Fosseen to reverse the flight of

ROBERT B. DOCKING (1925-83) KAN SA S 1946

stores and jobs from downtown Spokane.

Mayor, City Commissioner, Kansas City;

D evoting

For his complete biography, see page 138.

seven

Governor of Kansas, 1967-75

172 ELMER H. DODSON, W EST VIRGINIA 1939

founded M a y o r’s H ousing C o o rd in a tin g

Mayor of Charleston, W.V., 1969-70

Committtee and Cincinnati’s Project Commit­

EUGENE P. RUEHLMANN CINCINNAT1 1947

Mayor of Cincinnati, 1967-72 Harvard Law School, 1950; practiced law, Cincinnati; city council, 1959-72; mayor, 196772; led the charge to keep the major league

ment — all to bring the community together; c o n stru c tio n o f C ine rg y Field (fo rm e rly baseball’s Riverfront Stadium, replaced by Great American Ballpark); received Great Liv­ ing Cincinnatians award, 1998.

CHARLES EDWIN GILB (1924-2008)

baseball Reds in Cincinnati, attract an NFL

IDAHO 1950

franchise (C incinnati Bengals) and build

Mayor of Arcadia, Calif., four times during

Riverfront Stadium, $44 million; helped heal

his 16 years on the City Council, 1974-92

the city following the riots of 1967; reconsti­

Born in Cincinnati, Ohio; sgt., U.S. Marine

tuted city’s Human Relations Commission;

Corps, World War II; joined George E. Craig

Reginald H. Sullivan, Wabash 1857 (1930-34); Richard G. Lugar, Denison 1954, (1968-75), and Stephen Goldsmith, Wabash 1968 (1992-2000), have been mayors o f Indianapolis, Indiana.

BETA STATESMEN

173

Co.; became head of the firm, 1959, changing

MICHAEL F. HARCOURT (1943-)

the name to Charles E. Gilb Co., 1964. The

B RITISH COLUMBIA 1964

company, a nationwide distributor of fresh fruits

Mayor of Vancouver, B.C., 1980-86;

and vegetables, specialized in potatoes and on­

Premier of British Columbia, 1991-96

ions. He became known as the “Potato King.”

For his complete biography, see page 127.

Chairman, Los Angeles County Fire Commis­ sion; chairman, League of California Cities and Council of Mayors; board, Arcadia Educational Foundation, Arcadia Historical Commission; provided primary funding for the Ruth and Charles Gilb Historical Museum of Arcadia.

STEPHEN GOLDSMITH(1946-), WABASH 1968

Mayor, Indianapolis, Ind., 1992-2000 Born in Indianapolis; a Wabash graduate; law degree, University of Michigan; Marion County prosecutor, 1979-90; unsuccessful bid for lieu­

RICHARD G. LUGAR, DENISON 1954

te n a n t

governor,

Mayor of Indianapolis, Ind., 1968-75; U.S.

1988; mayor of India­

Senator from Indiana, 1977-

napolis, 1992-2000;

For his complete biography, see page 64.

initiated the Building

JOHN V. (JACK) GERAGHTY

Better Neighborhoods

WASHINGTON 1956

program, resulting in

Mayor of Spokane, Wash., 1994-98

$1.5 billion in new or

While serving as county commissioner and

rehabilitated parks,

a former Spokane Chronicle reporter in the

streets, sidewalks and

1970s, he resigned to become vice president, Expo '74 W orld’s Fair commission. Twenty

Mayor Goldsmith

sewers while reducing the tax rate four times;

years later, he would be influential as mayor in

leading force in the rebirth of downtown focused

the revitalization efforts of commerce for down­

on the Circle Centre Mall; Indiana University professor Mark Rosentraub concluded that Goldsm ith and his predecessors, Mayors Hudnut and Richard Lugar, Denison 1954, at­ tracted more than $3 billion in new investment

town Spokane with the development of River Park Square. Although controversial at the time, the effort became a significant economic legacy.

to the city’s core; unsuccessful candidate for governor of Indiana, 1996; board chair, Corpo­ ration for National and Community Service, 2001-09.

174

W ORLDW IDE SERVICE Concern for their fellow man has led a number of Betas to devote their time and considerable talents to the less fortunate of the world in an effort to alleviate suffering and to instill hope.

DARIUS (DRI) A. DAVIS, SYRACUSE 1907

ecutive director when TDDC was incorporated

Head of all Y.M.C.A. work in Western

as TDI, Inc. In 1974, Telephone Pioneers of

Europe during World War I

America inducted Dr. Breunig as an honorary

Student body president, Syracuse, 1906-07;

member, later establishing an award in his

joined YMCA, Washington, DC, 1907; head of

name. In 1981, President Reagan appointed

YMCA work in Constantinople (now Istanbul),

him to the National Council for the Handi­

Turkey, 1910; led organization of Red Cross

capped. He was one of the authors of the 1986

activities; returned to U.S., 1914; organized

national policy report, Toward Independence,

Y.M.C.A. in France, 1915; in charge of all

a significant milestone in the development of

Y.M.C.A. work in Western Europe, 1917, much

the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.

of his work concerning the welfare of prison­

GENE E. BRADLEY, NEBRASKA 1943

ers of war. Decorated by the Sultan of Turkey

Director, Peace Corps’ School-to-School

for his social service work in the Balkans.

Program, 1965

GUYW. DAVIS, NORTHW ESTERN 1924

On leave from his job as editor of General

Agency for International Development

Electric Forum, he was awarded the Freedom

(AID), 1961-64

Foundation's Leadership award, the second

An internationally known market expert,

highest award by the Corps, for his efforts in

Davis was in Taiwan for two years (1962-64)

the Peace Corps, as a special assistant to R.

with AID, teaching U.S. sales methods to more

Sargent Shriver, Jr., director of the Peace Corps.

than 5,000 Chinese businessmen. Previously,

DONALD C. GORDON, WESLEYAN 1919

he was conducting a survey of Portuguese and

Founded hospital and nursing school in

Spanish markets. He spent about 15 years ear­

Rico Verde, Brazil

lier as a sales marketing executive in Central and South America for two U.S. firms.

In 1976, Dr. Gordon and his wife Helen, medical missionaries, celebrated their 50th

HENRY LATHAM BREUNIG (1910-99)

wedding anniversary among the people of

WABASH 1934

Rico Verde, Brazil. They have lived and worked

Worldwide advocate for the hearing impaired

there as representatatives of the United Pres­

A founder and first executive director of Tele­

byterian Church. They founded the hospital

typewriters for the Deaf, Dr. Breunig lost his hearing at age four. He received his doctorate in chemistry from Johns Hopkins in 1938, then worked for Eli Lily and Co. as a research chem­ ist and senior statistician until his retirement in 1975. He and his wife Nancy founded the Tele­ typewriters for the Deaf Distribution Commit­ tee (TDDC) in 1968 to handle the acquisition and distribution of surplus teletype machines from AT&T, to facilitiate communication for hear­ ing impaired persons. He became the first ex­

Hearing-impairement advocate Breunig

BETA STATESMEN and nursing school in that community, and

175 acceptably . . . which I never did.”

nearly one thousand residents joined in the cel­ ebration. He continued his practice of medicine

ALFRED D. MERRITT W ASHINGTON STATE 1923

in Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

WILLIAM E. DAVIS, WHITMAN 1920 Medical missionary in the Congo When Dr. Davis retired in 1983, he was al­

Overseas relief worker As a freshman at Washington State Univer­ sity, he was a delegate to the Student Volun­ teer convention in Des Moines, Iowa. So im­

most completely blind, had survived three near-

pressed was he with the report of races made

fatal coronary occlusions and had severe ar­

destitute by war and oppression, he became

thritis. Add to that, he said, deterioration from

intensely interested in such foreign work.

old age, loss of memory and general inepti­

When his young wife died unexpectedly, he

tude. So what could he do? Friends urged him

volunteered for foreign relief work before gradu­

to: write a book about his experiences. He did

ating. He went abroad with the Armenian Re­

and now his third book, Random Rem inis­

lief Service, 1921-24, rising to chief of finance

cences, has been published. Together, the

over nine districts of relief work and adminis­

books tell the story of a remarkable man and

trator, Near East Relief, Constantinople (now

his wife who spent 10 years as medical mis­

Istanbul.)

sionaries in the Congo and 45 years as an traditional country doctor in rural Kentucky.

Davis worked in lumber camps, beet fields, coal mines and wheat fields. He was a boxer,

GEORGE W. HUNTER, KA/OX1923 Relief worker in Kurume City, Japan, overcoming scourge of schistosomiasis For his complete biography, see page 42.

cowboy, railroader, teacher, coach, janitor, singer and, during World War I, a pilot. After graduation, he earned his medical degree from Northwestern; with his wife, Newell, he em­

JOHN E. (JED) SMALL, CINCINNAT1 1940 Worked with people and built schools in Roatan, an island off Honduras

barked on a round-the-world trip, only to stop

Ten years after he retired, Jed Small and his

off in the Congo with its sweltering heat, in­

wife Ruth took a cruise to Central America and

sects including the dreaded tsetse flies, army

found a new purpose for their lives on the 5x35-

ants, termites and native diseases including

mile island of Roatan just off the coast of Hon­

tuberculosis, sleeping sickness and leprosy.

duras. Appalled by the primitive conditions

Somehow they survived, allayed some native

there — no electricity, no phones, no schools

superstitions and saved countless lives.

— the couple decided they needed to help.

Returning to the U.S., they settled in North

Jed, whose career had been in education (he

Middletown, Ky., where Davis began his prac­

was assistant to three presidents of the Uni­

tice on the basis of never refusing to respond

versity of C incinnati), started making the

to a call, never asking a patient if he could pay,

rounds of schools and businesses in his home­

never sending a bill unless asked. Dr. Davis

town of Madeira, a suburb of Cincinnati, then

delivered babies in barns with dirt floors, even

the entire greater Cincinnati area. He lined up

in an outhouse. One night, he attended the

loads of textbooks, office supplies, paper, pen­

births of five babies in five counties, from dusk

cils, even checks with donations. Afriend in the

to dawn. Asked by Louisville Courier-Journal

trucking business got his cargo to Tampa, Fla.,

columnist Byron Crawford if he had any unre­

where a fishing vessel makes regular trips to

alized ambitions in his lifetime. Davis replied,

Honduras. In 1985, Roatan opened its first el­

“Yes, I’d like to have learned to play the violin

ementary school. Since then, the project has

176 grown. The Smalls and regular shipments of

authored Gallantry and Valor, about the 22 phy­

supplies have returned numerous times to

sicians awarded the U.S. Medal of Honor.

Roatan to check progress and needs.

“We now have a kindergarten and grades

WILLIAM P. BLAISDELL, COLGATE 1951 Visits Central America annually to provide

one through six going well,” Jed reported. “We

medical care

started grade seven in 1990. Attendance is 186

In 2001, retired surgeon William P. (Bill)

youngsters. We plan construction of an addi­

Blaisdell, headed south, as he has annually

tional building to house grades eight and nine.”

for two weeks for the past 15 years — very

On one trip, Jed watched boys playing ball on a rocky surface carved out of palm trees.

The baseball was wrapped in electricians tape.

Everyone shared one bat. Small added to their project with 10 dozen baseballs, softballs, bats, gloves and uniform s from numeous sponsors, from car dealers to banks to indi­ viduals.

WILLIAM E. SPRAGUE, O H I0 1948 Physician who helped take m edical care to p oo r and conflict-ridden countries

A World War II veteran with a successful prac­

south! That’s down to Honduras and Guate­ mala, Central America. As always, his wife Ann, a nurse fluent in Spanish, is by his side as they correct hernias, remove gall bladders and do stomach resections, often under truly rus­ tic conditions.

“We Americans come down here at our own expense, each at different times, to do what­ ever surgery we’re capable and that the onsite equipment permits,” he explained.

“Each surgeon initially sees 50 to 60 people to refine the family doctors’ diagnoses and se­

tice in obstetrics and gynecology, Dr. Sprague

lect candidates for surgery, reducing the list to

and his wife Norma have traveled to the

four or five cases a day.”

world’s poorest, most conflict-ridden countries,

“These trips have broadened our apprecia­

working with refugees in Afghanistan and

tion of humanity and pointed to the suffering

Sudan and the destitute in Egypt and Somalia

that is in the world. After the first time we went

for 40 years.

on one of these trips,” he added, “we had to go

“I don't try to be a martyr,” said the Grand Rapids, Mich., resident. “As a physician, I have the training to provide medical care to people in need. I’m there to do a job.

“Combat made a pacifist out of me. I prom­ ised that if I got out alive, I would bring healing to people of all races and religions.”

Involved in international medicine since 1962, he and Norma first worked in Nicaragua, later with refugees in Vietnam, sometimes with their three children in tow.

Sprague has been recognized with the Mickey Leland award, highest honor given to a doctor for his work in developing countries, and theAMA’s Benjamin Rush award, highest honor for an American physician.

“As long as my health is good, I’ll just try to do the best I can,” said Dr. Sprague, who

back. You see a part of the world you didn’t know existed; you just have to get involved.”

GOODMAN B. (G.B.) ESPY III GEORGIA TECH 1957

Takes medical team to Albania annually In his 35-plus years as an obstetrician/gy­ necologist/surgeon, G.B. Espy has delivered more than 13,000 babies. Modest to a fault and generous to the extreme, G.B. believes in giving back to the society that has given him so much. E.g., as of 2000, he has personally paid college expenses for 15 students. “The only repayment I ask,” he points out, “is that each of them do the same for two others."

Calling himself ordinary, he declared, “I’m more of a ‘hot dog’ guy than a ‘Chateaubriand.’”

The thousands of Kosovo Albanians he has treated, operated on and delivered babies for

BETA STATESMEN

177 in

fe tid

refugee

“Many of the advantages we take for granted

poorest region are

are beyond the means of the Armaya — cars,

more likely refer to

running water, education, paved roads.” Teams

him as saintly.

Spurred into action after seeing a news

Dr. G..B. Espy

leaders like David will be vital.

camps in Eu-rope’s

like Dr. Gilbert’s help provide education and exposure to basic health care so the people of the Altiplano can design their own programs.

report on the plight of

“If the people of the Altiplano can provide

Kosovo Albanians in

themselves with a continuous oral hygiene pro­

1999, he put out calls

gram,” he said, “the groundwork will exist for

to various medical groups, finally connecting

some truly great advances in the quality of their

with Flying Doctors of America. An advisor to

general health care and education.”

the FDA Board, G.B. helped mobilize seven

WILLIAM JOHN ACKERMAN

doctors, a dentist and two nurses in three weeks.

SOUTH DAKOTA 1967

Died with Peace Corps in South America

“We saw children, women, the elderly . . . no young men. In the camps, families lived on one loaf of bread per day and lined up for hours to urge water from the camp’s single spigot. How can you not be moved by a people who have been so persecuted?”

Following his first trip, G.B. worked fever­ ishly to bring an Albanian doctor, Alma Peri, to his clinic for five weeks of training in modern medical skills. He continues to bring more doc­ tors to Marietta, at least four a year. Also, he is collecting 300 reconditioned bicycles for ship­ ment to Albania “for the teachers and nurses who need a way to get around,” he said.

KENNETH A. GILBERT, EMORY 1982 Taking medical-dental-humanitarian mission to Bolivia In 1989, Dr. Gilbert led the dental portion of a medical-dental mission to Bolivia ”to help the people on the Altiplano with basic medical and dental needs currently not being met.”

Died at age 23 in November 1968 in the service of the Peace Corps in South America.

The U.S. Peace Corps was created by Presi­ dent John F. Kennedy in the early 1960s.

BRIAN J. CAQUETTE, NORTHWESTERN 2000 Took training to Panama to teach people to start small businesses Like scores, maybe hundreds of Betas who have served in the Peace C orps, Brian Caquette lived out the Beta principle of “mu­ tual assistance” by example.

“At Northwestern, my brothers and I engaged in community service that enhanced our own skills and furthered our understanding of those we helped,” Brian recalled. “I joined the Peace Corps in September 2000, to continue this pro­ cess of service learning, as an economic de­ velopment volunteer in rural Panama.”

El Copecito, the community where he served for two years, is a poor artisan village near the Pacific coast and two hours from Panama City.

One aspect of the project is that a student,

Most residents make linens, wood furniture,

David Noya, from that region received assis­

clay pots and figures. “There are several weak­ nesses,” he said, “such as poor quality raw

tance from Dr. Gilbert and his team to attend medical school in Bolivia.

“David is the first person we have supported in this way,” explains Dr. Gilbert. “Our hope is that the Armaya Indians can be more self-reliant. So, to do this, the cultivation of community

materials, little understanding of basic ac­ counting and marketing, no promotion of their products and little cooperation or organization.”

Brian set up seminars on marketing, basic accounting and quality control. He organized

178 courses to teach new artisan skills, followed by

we teamed up to design a new product — a

individual consultations with business owners,

swivel chair made from wood on his land.

visiting their workshops weekly.

For Faustino, we found a way, as head of

The work has been rewarding for Brian. “Eric,

his family, to expand his pig business in a way

a 31-year-old artisan shop owner, was per­

that will supplement his meager artisan in­

suaded to write down his sales and expenses every week. Together, we established goals for

come."

In addition to the artisan work, Brian taught

the next three years and wrote a business plan.

English to elementary school students and

“For Ramiro, a 23-year-old furniture maker,

basic computer skills to adults and children.

BOY SCOUT EXECUTIVES (BSA) PERRY EDWARDS POWELL, DePAUW 1892 Charter member, Boy Scouts of America Dr. Powell, a Methodist minister, was present

editor of the Handbook and other publications.

He also edited the College Bluebook.

WILLIAM C. FETRIDGE

when President Taft presented the Boy Scouts

NOR TH W ESTERN 1929

of America its U.S. charter. A member of

Chairman, World Scout Foundation

Scouting’s original council, he was its first mem­

Chairman, Dartnell Corp., Chicago, a na­

ber in Indiana and worked energetically for the

tional financial publishing firm; former editor

development of the scouting movement.

of Popular Mechanics; president, U.S. Foun­

MORTIMER L. SCHIFF, A M H E R ST 1896 International Commissioner, BSA

dation for Scouting. He died in 1989.

GUSTAVO J. VOLLMER, CORNELL 1942

Schiff’s appointment as International Com­

Chairman, World Scout Foundation, 1977-90

missioner, Boy Scouts of America, was effec­

For his complete biography, see page 68.

tive in 1922. Previously, he was vice president of BSA. Since 1901, he had been a partner in Kuhn, Loeb & Co. and was active in the Soci­ ety for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.

HUBER W. HURT, IOWA WESLEYAN 1904 Editor of the Boy Scout Handbook President of Lombard and McKendree col­ leges and professor of education and dean of admissions at Stetson University, he served

EDWARD C. JOULLIAN III OKLAHOMA STATE 1951

Chairman, World Scout Foundation CEO of Mustang Fuel Corp., Oklahoma City, Joullian headed the World Scout Foundation in the late 1980s and 1990s. He was presi­ dent of BSA’s Last Frontier Council (13 coun­ ties in Central Oklahoma.)

In 1982-84, he became national president,

25 years in the BSA headquarters and was At a New York City board meeting of the World Scouting Foundation in 1987 were three o f the top leaders o f the international Boy Scout movement — and all Betas.

From the left: Gustavo J. Vollmer, Cornell 1943, chairman; William Harrison Fetridge, Northwestern 1929, vice chairman; and Edward C. Joullian, Oklahoma State 1951, vice chairm an d esignate.

Honorary chairman was King Carl Gustav XVI o f Sweden.

BETA STATESMEN BSA, the highest volunteer position in the or­ ganization and, in 1986-90, international com­ missioner, a liaison position between BSA, the World Scout Bureau and Scout organizations of other participating countries.

He received the Distinguished Eagle Scout award for Eagle Scouts for more than 25 years who distinguished themselves in business and civic affairs.

CHARLES M. PIGOTT, STANFORD 1951 President, Boy Scouts of America, 1986-87 Chairman, Pacific Car & Foundry, 1967-96; instrumental in growth of family’s automotive and aerospace b usiness, P e te rb ilt and Kenworth, from $320 million to $3 billion.

HAROLD S. HOOK, MISSOUR1 1953 President, Boy Scouts of America, 1988-90 Retired chairm an of Am erican General Corp., a conglomerate of some 30 compa­

179 nies, Hook was a boy­ hood Eagle Scout. He received Scouting’s Silver Beaver award for outstanding com­ m unity service, the Distinguished Eagle Scout award for no­ table business ac­ Missouri’s Hook complishment, is past p re s id e n t of the Golden Empire Council, Sacramento, Calif., was on the scouting board of Sam Houston Council and South Central regions and was BSA’s vice president, administration, executive vice president and president.

“Show me a man who is both an Eagle Scout and was president of his Beta chapter and I will hire him sight unseen,” insists Hook who served as a Beta Theta Pi as vice president and trustee, 1969-72, and the Beta Theta Pi Foundation Board of Directors, 1993-97.

MORE BETAS PROMINENT IN PUBLIC SERVICE While service to community has always been

reported in the spring 2008 issue of The Beta

at the heart of the Beta Theta Pi ethic, in recent

Theta Pi. The chapter adapted its project to

years there has been increased focus on phil­

the popular winter sports in its area, recently

anthropic activities by chapters in general and

celebrating the 10th anniversary of its award-

members in particular. For example, to qualify

winning Ski-A-Thon, “which has helped make

for the prestigious John Reily Knox award, a

safety on the ski slopes a top priority since

chapter must invest a minimum number of

1998. The event promotes helmet awareness

hours per member to philanthropic work. In ad­

(in addition to raising $37,000 for St. Anthony’s

dition, there are two major annual awards pre­

Intermountain Neurosurgery Helmet Donor pro­

sented at the Fraternity’s conventions: (1) an

gram) and is consistently ranked among the

ongoing philanthropic project and (2) a one­

Fraternity’s top philanthropic projects.

time philanthropic project.

The chapter has donated more than 3,500

Georgia Tech chapter has been a persis­

helmets to 36 ski equipment stores, which pro­

tent recipient of “ongoing” honors, typically in­

vide rental helmets at absolutely no additional

vesting some 6,000 hours to its project,

cost. Complimentary helmets are supplied to

Atlanta’s "Almond Festival,” while the annual

ski schools, instructors and patrol personnel.

one-time plaques have been earned by a

The brothers have seen a 25% increase in hel­

number of different chapters.

met usage at local ski resorts.”

A recent example of an undergraduate pub­

Through the decades, the following are some

lic service project is the “helmet safety” work

of the men have made volunteerism and phil­

of Beta Phi chapter, Colorado School of Mines,

anthropic endeavors a priority in their lives.

180 WILLIAM ALEXANDER PARSONS MARTIN INDIANA 1846

President of Tung Wen College of Peking and Imperial University of China Born in Livonia, Ind., Rev. Martin went to China in 1850 and for 10 years did missionary work at W ingpo. M eanwhile, he was the interpeter for U.S. Minister William B. Reed in

Following graduation, Toloman worked to im­ prove the working classes and their life condi­ tions.; Ph.D., Johns Hopkins, 1891; general agent, Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor in New York City; head of the Ameri­ can Insitute of Social Services, modeled after the Musee Social o f Paris; lectured extensively in support of his work.

negotiating a treaty with China. He did mission­

WILLIAM ALLEN BROOKS, JR.

ary work at Peking, 1863-68, then became

HARVARD 1887

president and professor of international law

A famous surgeon, he designed the first

at Tung Wen College, 1868-94. When the Im­

stretcher attached to wheels.

perial University of China was founded, he be­

Dr. Brooks, chief surgeon, Massachusetts

came its first president, 1898-1900. He was in

Guard Hospital, organized the first medical unit

the American Legation when it was beseiged

sent to Halifax, Nova Scotia, after the horrific

by the Boxers in the Boxer Rebellion in 1902.

explosion there in 1917. He was known for

ALONZO WEBSTER CHURCH

designing a stretcher attached to wheels for

GEORGIA 1847

Librarian, United States Senate An attorney, he practiced for some years, then became a teacher in an academy at Au­

transfering wounded during World War I. THOMAS FRANKLIN FAIRFAX MILLARD M ISSO UR1 1888

Foremost authority on the Far East

gusta, Ga., and subsequently at the state uni­

The first American to be appointed a political

versity. In 1857, he went to Davenport, Iowa, to

adviser of the Chinese National Government,

practice law, then to Chicago to handle the le­

he chronicled wars and international affairs for

gal business for the Chicago and Alton Rail­

43 years. He began by reporting Indian battles

road in 1857. In 1864, he suffered a stroke,

in western states. He was a war correspon­

was partially paralized and relinquished his law

dent in the Graeco-Turkish, Boer and Span-

practice. He moved to Washington, DC, where

ish-American wars, the Boxer uprising, Russo-

he was librarian for the U.S. Senate.

ABRAHAM EZRA BRADENBAUGH

Japanese War and World War I. Author of China: Where is it today?, he was the dean of

R A N D O LP H -M A C O N 1875

American newspapermen in the Far East. It

Founder, Helping Up Mission, 1885 A Methodist minister, Bradenbaugh was a founding father of Beta Theta Pi’s short-lived

was said, “Almost everybody in China knew Tom Millard, and the majority loved him.”

SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY

Alpha Xi chapter at Randolph-Macon, 1873-

PENNSYLVANIA 1889

93. In 1885, he founded “Helping Up Mission”

Chairman, National Child Labor Committee

in Baltimore, Md., to help men in need. Today,

Degree in sociology, University of Pennsyl­

the M ission’s primary work is its “Spiritual

vania; Ph.D., University of Halle; U.S. Commis­

Recovery Program,” focusing on men suffer­

sioner, Puerto Rico, 1902-04; professor of so­

ing from drug and/or alcohol addiction.

ciology, University of Pennsylvania, from 1904.

WILLIAM HOWE TOLMAN, BROW N 1882

Samuel Linsay devoted his life to the eradi­

Executive Director, American Institute of

cation of child labor.The New York Herald Tri­

Social Service, early 1900s

bune editorialized on Feb. 14, 1925, under the

BETA STATESMEN caption “A Question of Time.” “We were neither

181 ERNEST KENT COULTER, OHIO STATE 1893

surprised nor disheartened that the state legis­

Founder of the Big Brother movement

latures are rejecting the proposed 20th amend­

Author of The Children in the Shadow,

ment. The war against the injurious employment

Coulter was one of the U.S.’s most famous

of children has already been fought through

social workers.

half-a-century, and those who have studied the evil know that it is worth fighting it through halfa-century more.

“The child labor amendment cannot be de­ feated. The arguments in its favor are over­ whelming; it is only a question of time before the people who are now bitterly opposing it, because they think it to be something else, will

OWEN D. YOUNG, LAW RENCE 1894 “Father” of the Young Plan for fiscal rehabilitation of Germany after World War I For his complete biography, see page 20.

ELDON REVARE JAMES, CINCINNAT1 1896 Foreign affairs adviser to Siam Former dean of the University of Missouri

learn what these arguments are. Some theo­

Law School, James was adviser in foreign af­

rists seem already to be re-examining their po­

fairs to the government of Siam (now Thailand)

sition. As time goes on, more of them will do

and judge of the Supreme Court of that coun­

so, and though many children suffer in the

try under Prince Dewawongse in Bangkok.

meanwhile the amendment will ultimately pass.”

Previously, he was governor-general of The

CHARLES T. ERICKSON, DEPAUW'ISQ'i Helped Albania form a government

Philippines. Later, he was Siam’s delegate on The Hague arbitration tribunal and law pro­ fessor and librarian, Harvard Law School.

A Congregational minister and missionary, he helped Albania form its first independent government in 1912. After World War I, he was one of two men representing Albania at the Paris peace conference. The King of Albania

HARRY ALLEN OVERSTREET CALIFORNIA 1899

Worked to upgrade human behavior Noted author and philosopher, he often said

designated him a member of the Order of

his interest in social causes was stimulated by

Skenderbag. He died in 1966 at age 99.

seeing the condition of weekend drunks at San

A. PIATT ANDREW, WABASH 1892 Organized the American Field Service to enable young Americans to do ambulance work before the U.S. entered World War I After the American Field Service was dis­ banded at the end of World War I, American Field Service Fellowships were created to per­ petuate the names of 127 members by pro­ viding fellowships to send young men of the U.S. or France to universities in the other coun­ try. Thirty fellowships had been established by 1923. To this end, M. Clemenceau, premiere of France, contributed $20,000 received from

Francisco’s city jail. He taught at the University of California. At City College of N.Y. he became head of the Philosophy Department. His book, Influencing Human Behavior, 1925; his last, The FBI in Our Open Society, 1969. He and his wife conducted nationwide lecture tours, develop­ ing a technique involving spontaneous giveand-take to develop central themes.

IRA R.T. SMITH, W OOSTER 1899 Chief of Mails, White House, 1897-1948 Chief of mails in the administrations of nine Presidents, McKinley through Truman.

HENRY SPENCER HOUGHTON

lectures and newspaper articles. The hope is,

OHIO STATE 1900

Congressman Andrew said, that $3.5 million

Helped found Peking Medical College

may be secured for this endowment.

For his complete biography, see page 109.

After receiving his M.D. from Johns Hopkins University, he went to China where he spent

182 the bulk of his active career and helped found, build, staff and head the Peking Union Medical College on behalf of the Rochefeller Founda­ tion. At the entry of the U.S. into World War II in 1941, he was imprisoned by the Japanese for nearly four years and retired in 1946.

GEORGE HOYT WHIPPLE, YALE 1900 Nobel Prize for Science, 1934 A physician at Johns Hopkins, he was a joint winner of the Nobel Prize in 1934 for contribu­ tions to the cure for pernicious anemia. He planned and built the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, where he was dean of the Medical School in 1953.

JOHN H. KIPLINGER, INDIANA 1903 Head of Legal Services, Allied Reparations Commission, after World War I After military duty in France in World War I, Kiplinger was ordered to stay on to assist in the reorganization of the trial work by the chief of staff. He remained on duty in Paris until his discharge from the Army in 1920, when he was named head of legal services of the finance section of the Allied Reparations Commission, Weisbaden, Germany, serving as vice chair­ man of the commission, 1920-22.

Kiplinger established procedures for the re­ turn of “war loot” from German occupiers, in­ cluding several hundred thousand tons of ma­ teriel with a value of more than 500,000,000 francs. He received the French Legion of Honor,

boxers in action and to Betas for his series of

officer of the Crown of Italy, commander of the

fraternity scenes and an ink sketch of a young

Crown of Romania, commander of the Order

couple embracing, which he titled “Beta Grip."

of Polina Restituta from the Polish government.

CLYDE SAYERS MARTIN, DeR4UW 1905

GEORGE WESLEY BELLOWS

Consulting forest engineer to India; chief

OHIO STATE 1905

Youngest to be elected to National Academy of Design Honorary life member of the National Arts Club and American Society of Painters and

forest engineer, Madras Forestry degree, Yale, 1907; nationally re­ nown forester and pioneer in tree farming edu­ cation; chief forester and consultant with Weyerhaeuser Co., 1907-64, .

Sculptors, Bellows was the youngest member

ROBERT SZOLD, K NO X 1909

ever elected to the National Academy of De­

President, Zionist Organization of America

sign. He is best known for his paintings of

After serving as a field artillery officer in World

BETA STATESMEN War I, Szold founded his own law firm in New

183 afraid to defy tradition.” His teams — Reds,

York City. Through friendship with Supreme

Dodgers and Yankees — won the World Se­

Court Justice Louis Brandeis, Szold became

ries. He is in the Baseball Hall of Fame.

interested in the American Zionist movement; after Brandeis’ death, Szold was handed the national leadership of the movement. He went to Palestine as a member of the Zionist Com­ mission in 1919 and became the first Jewish administrator of Jerusalem.

He was president of the Zionist Organization of America and was chairman of the board of the Palestine Economic Corporation and of the Union Bank of Israel. Through these activities, he was recognized internationally for his efforts to establish a sound economic basis for Pales­ tine. A street in Jerusalem and a building at Hebrew University bear his name.

PHILIP N. HARRISON, CARNEGIE 1910 Blinded in the war, he served the 17,000 members of Pennsylvania Assn. for the Blind

H.W.WADE, T U L A N E W 2 Foremost authority on treating leprosy Medical director of the American Leprosy Foundation, he was universally recognized as the world’s foremost authority on the treatment of leprosy. He has spent a lifetime in the study of the prevention, treatment and cure of that terrible affliction and was a physician with the Culion Leper Colony in The Philippines, the largest leprosarium in the world.

MILO SARGENT GIBBS, CHICAGO 1915 Executive, International Secretariat of the League of Nations Handling public information and journalism in the League of Nations Secretariat, Gibbs worked closely with the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of the League’s member countries. He

His own sight lost in World War I, Harrison

was located in London, Paris and Geneva. For

devoted all his time to the work of the Pennsyl­

two years, he attended all the League confer­

vania Association for the Blind, in which he was

ences held abroad. In 1922, he returned to the

field secretary. In Pennsylvania alone, in 1938,

U.S., joining a New York advertising firm.

there were 17,000 blind persons.

“I hope to play some small part in bringing to our blind something of that great encourage­ ment of which I was the beneficiary at the hands of a generous federal government in the early post-war days (after 1919.)”

PHILIP R. MATHER, YALE 1916 President, National Health Council, three terms beginning in 1946 During World War I, Mather was a captain in the 322nd Field Artillery, in France and Ger­ many, 1918-19. The National Health Council

LELAND STANFORD MacPHAIL

was the integrating force behind the move­

BELOITIM ICHIG AN 1910

ment for nationwide improvement of health and included membership by all of the leading

“The father of night baseball” Lawyer and businessman, MacPhail served with distinction in World Wars I and II. In 1933, he was general manager of the Cincinnati Reds, where he introduced night baseball. He was president of the Brooklyn Dodgers where one sportsw riter said, “ He has the circus touch. He believes in putting on a show.”

With two others, he bought the New York Yankees. He set up the player pension plan.

Called “Baseball’s Barnum,” he had a reputa­ tion as a “boistrous, bombastic maverick un­

health organizations: American Red Cross, American Heart Association, American Can­ cer Society, National Safety Council, National Committee for Mental Hygiene and others.

WENDELL LEWIS WILLKIE, INDIANA 1916 Republican nominee for U.S. President, 1940 For his complete biography,see page 30.

See Ding Darling’s cartoon on next page.

GEORGE B. GALLOWAY, WESLEYAN 1920 Best-informed person on U.S. Congress

184 Chairman of the committee on Congress of

time partner in a prominent San Francisco Bay

the American Political Science Association, he

Area law firm; personal attorney for President

authored Congress at the Crossroads, 1946,

Hoover; credited with bringing back the Cali­

as well as Internal Debts o f the United States,

fornia wine industry after prohibition; consult­

Industrial Planning Under Codes, Planning for

ant to several foreign governments to help

America and America’s Needs and Resources.

them feed their populations after World War II.

WILLIAM ALBERT BOEKEL (1895-1979)

SETH R. BROOKS (1901-87)

IDAHO

I STANFORD 1921

Consultant to foreign governments to help feed their people A Phi Beta Kappa, Boekel had been presi­

ST. LAWRENCE 1922

Honored with “Freedom of Man” Award Born in New York City, Dr. Brooks was hon­ ored in 1979 by St. Lawrence University with

dent of both the Idaho and Stanford chapters

its Sol Fein-steone “Freedom of Man” award

of Beta Theta PI; Army captain, Europe, World

for his “deep commitment to the advancement

War I; lieutenant colonel, World War II; long­

of the freedom o f man to pursue and attain personal,

p ro fe s ­

sional and economic fulfillm ent.” Longtime pastor of the W ash­ ington, DC, Universalist National Memorial Church, 1939-79, he was hailed “as a theo­ logian whose views have been widely ac­ claim ed.”

B e ta 's

G eneral

Secretary, 1950-60, and President, 196066, he was the first honoree to receive Beta’s Oxford Cup. He received the “ Free­ dom s

F oundation"

award in 1967.

Wendell Willkie: It still can happen here!

Dr. Seth Brooks

BETA STATESMEN HARDY CROSS DILLARD, VIRGINIA 1923 Judge, Court of International Justice Graduate, USMA; law degree, University of Virginia; U.S. Army colonel, World War II, over­

185 F.D. Roosevelt in 1938, then wrote and directed The Fight for Life, first feature-length film, with actors, by the government. His three depression-era films are still considered classics.

seeing training of Army officers at home and in

Often called “the father of documentary films,”

England; dean, University of Virginia Law

he established the Air Transport Command's

School, 1963-68; president, International

aerial and still photography unit which pro­

Court of Justice, The Hague, 1970-79.

duced 235 aerial briefing films and more than

A prolific and profound writer, he was de­ scribed as one of the most enlightened and

350,00 still pictures. Lt. Col. Lorentz was awarded the Air Medal and Legion of Merit.

easy-to-listen-to speakers. He was vastly in­

JOHN JOSIAH ROBINETTE (1906-88)

fluential in developing American legal educa­

TORONTO 1926

tion and was president, American Society of International Law.

Canada’s premier legal authority “J.J.” Robinette, 1988 recipient of Beta’s dis­

FRANKS. HOGAN, COLUMBIA 1924

tinguished Oxford Cup, argued so many cases

District Attorney, Borough of Manhattan,

before the Canadian Supreme Court that he

N.Y., 1941-73

was pesented a set

For his complete biography, see page 43.

of printed reports of the cases he had ar­

JOHN W. FERREE, WABASHI

gued . . . six large vol­

PENNSYLVANIA 1925

Executive Director, National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, 1959-69 M.D., M.P.H., Ferree retired in 1969 after 10

DANIEL BLAIR BOWLING, CALIFORNIA 1926 Famous political cartoonist

appointed

K ing’s

C ounsel,

1944;

elec-ted

Bencher of the Law

years as executive director, National Society for the Prevention of Blindness.

umes;

Toronto’s Robinette

S ociety of Upper Canada, 1946; trea­

surer of the same soci-

ety, 1958, highest of­

fice in the legal profession in Ontario; Compan­

With the New York Herald Tribune, later with

ion of Order of Canada medal, 1973; founder,

the Kansas City Star, he drew a cocky Presi­

first president, Advocate's Society. — The Dean

dent Harry Truman striding off the concert stage

of Canadian Lawyers, 1984

under the title, “And they all laughed when I sat

WILLIAM P. SCHAMBRA

down to play.” In World War II, he served four

W EST VIRGINIA 1926

years, making rapid progress from private to captain. He is best known for his cartoon “Lost Horizon,” the only cartoon ever exhibited in congress, used as a text for a speech on the floor of the House of Representatives.

PARE LORENTZ, W EST VIRGINIA 1926 “Father of the modern film documentary” Lorenz made his first film, The Plow that Broke the Plains, in 1936, followed by his most famous, The River, a year later. He was named director of the U.S. Film Service by President

Advisor to China, Peru and India After retiring from Dow Chemical Co., he joined the International Executive Service C orps, a dvising on the d e ve lo p m e n t of Taiwan’s huge reserves of dolomite ore.

EDGAR L. WARREN, BETHANY 1926 Director, United States Conciliation Service, post-World War II Leading figure in efforts to bring industry and labor together in a common understanding.

186 THOMAS W„ DICKEY, A M H E R ST 1927

wanting to know more about China. He studied

Bicycled across the U.S., age 71 and blind, to

at Oxford on a Rhodes Scholarship, served in

raise awareness for the visually handicapped

government posts in China during World War

Tom Dickey returned to college in June 1981

II, and with the Office of Strategic Services (later

for his 50th class reunion. What distinguished

renamed the CIA). A former Beta Theta Pi dis­

Dickey from his classmates were two major

trict chief, he was a professor, archivist and li­

differences: first, at age 71, he bicycled across

brary director at Davidson College.

the U.S., crossing through 14 states in 47 days, and secondly, he was blind. Dickey was

EDGAR PARKS SNOW, M ISS O U R 11929 Best-loved American to live in China

accompanied on his 15-speed tandem bike

In 1928, he began a trip around the world,

by an Amherst senior, Christ Sammartano,

stopping in Shanghai, intending to stay for four

who volunteered for the 3,400-mile odyssey.

weeks but being short of funds, accepted a

Dickey, who began losing his sight soon

job with China Weekly Review, an English lan­

after college, didn’t believe going blind should

guage newspaper, and staying for 13 years.

be the end of the road . . . simply a change of

His ashes are on the Beijing University cam­

course. Much of his career focused on help­

pus where the marble marker proclaims him

ing blind persons to get jobs. Successively,

as “American Friend of the Chinese People.”

he was a placement officer for the Pennsylva­ nia Council for the Blind, employee counselor for Armstrong Cork Co. and industrial relations director, Chenango China, Inc. He concluded his career on the faculty of the Rehabilitiation Institute, Southern Illinois University. In a cam­ pus ceremony, Dickey was awarded a medal by the U.S. Association for Blind Athletes. Arthur

DAVID F. CROSSEN W ASHINGTON A ND LEE 1931

Conservationist Received the “St. Louis Award” for his work in having 7,000 acres of Weldon Spring Ord­ nance Works in Missouri set aside for develop­ ment into a game refuge and recreation area.

Coleman, USABA president, said Dickey was

JAMES CLAPP FLINT, B OW DOIN 1931

the first blind man to “cycle” across the nation.

Youth Affairs Advisor, U.S. High Commission,

BRIAN BLADES, KANSAS 1928 “Statesman in Medicine” A.M. and Ph.D., Harvard, 1900; Blades di­ rected the American Field Force of 2,000 vol­ unteers and 1,000 ambulances with the French Army, 1914-17; awarded the Croix de Guerre and named Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur, 1917; U.S. Army lieutenant colonel, 1918; in­ ternationally known chest surgeon, teacher, author and editor; first recipient of the annual “Statesmen in Medicine” award made by Airlie House, Warrenton House, Virginia.

JOHN KING FAIRBANK, WISCONSIN 1929

Germany; U.S. Information Service, Germany Following intensive training at Columbia Uni­ versity in the administration of international re­ lief work, he became the first director of the Congregational Christian Service Committee in 1943. He was one of seven Americans invited to Germany at the close of World War il to estab­ lish the post-war rehabilitation by private relief agencies and direct relief programs for Church World Service, Inc., in Germany, 1946-48.

He was named “Dean of the Chapel” and associate professor of religion, Carleton Col­ lege in 1948; led a work camp program for American and German youth in Berlin, 1949;

Guided U.S. perception of modern China

U.S. Foreign Service as Youth Affairs Advisor

Fairbank's book United States and China,

for the U.S. High Commission in Germany and

1948, became the basic primer for Americans

later served with the U.S. Information Service

BETA STATESMEN

187

in Germany; other foreign service posts— Pa­ kistan, Rhodesia, Yemen, Jordan and Nepal — interspersed with tours in Washington as director of Near East Affairs of the Agency for International Development; special assistant to the Undersecretary of State for the Near East and South Asia; retired in 1970.

MILO FOWLER HAMILTON, /W/SSOl/R/1931 Administrator, U.S. Agency for International Development, 1962 A Rhodes Scholar, Hamilton was a Manhat­ tan, N.Y., attorney whose government service in­ cluded general counsel, sub-committee on the Air Force, Senate Armed Services Committee.

WILLIAM T. KIRK, OHIO STATE W 22 Founder, International Service Agency Early in his adult years, Kirk reached a mo­ mentous decision: he decided to devote his life to public service. Following an outstanding aca­ demic and athletic career at Ohio State, he was sought by numerous businesss and, for a few years, entered that field. Even so, volunteer work in a Cleveland settlement house opened

W illiam Kirk visits some o f his rescued children in the Far East.

new vistas, and he left business to enroll in the School of Social Work at Columbia University.

His first professional position was as a case­

It became an instrument for placing orphaned and abandoned children in foster homes.

worker with an eastern family agency. Within

Kirk established branches of the ISA in some

two years, he was director of the agency and

40 nations. He quadrupled the budget and at­

went on to head a larger agency in the midwest.

tracted volunteers for the cause from business,

After four years in the U.S. Army helping re­

industry and entertainment.

habilitate civilian victims of the ravages of World

One of the speakers at his memorial service

War II, he turned down many opportunities to

said, “Here was a life that touched and enriched

join government agencies in social welfare,

many other lives — a man of giant talent, of

preferring to be closer to the people who

wit, wisdom and massive dedication to human­

needed help. He cast his lot with a little-known,

ity. As Hamlet said of his father, ‘We shall not

struggling agency — International Social Ser­

look upon his like again.”'

vice — with a large vision of world need, but with little money or leadership.

SHERWOOD LANDRUM, M ICHIGAN 1933 Developed a school for the retarded

There followed many years of effort, and out

A Navy medical corpsman in World War II,

of that came the International Service Agency

Landrum’s first child was born severely brain­ damaged. He found that help for his son was

(ISA), universally recognized as an effective instrument for reuniting broken fam ilies in many impoverished and war-ridden nations.

virtually non-existent. He developed a school for the mentally disabled even though his own son was non-educable. He and others located

188 an old school house. With a lot of hard work

tion. The purpose of the visit was to exchange

they converted it into a dynamic, fully staffed school for the mentally disabled called The Orange Grove School, using donated materi­ als and volunteer labor. He was the first chair­ man of the board, serving for three decades.

views and information on China’s industrial­ ization and modernization programs and in particular on the role of international joint ven­ tures and the management of economic and industrial enterprises in a wide variety of fields.

As word got around, many more mentally

Gibson’s biography in Who’s Who relates:

disabled, many thought by their families to be

“Native of Eldorado, Texas; M.B.A., WSU, 1940;

beyond help, flocked to the school. Finally, the

Ph.D., Stanford Graduate School of Business;

facility was outgrown, and a new one had to

international associate, Stanford Hoover Insti­

be built. Sherwood was a charter member and

tution; colonel, Army Air Corps, World War II;

first president of the Tennessee Association

assistant director, U.S. Air Force Institute of

for Retarded Children; president of the Chat­

Technology, Dayton, Ohio; organized and di­

tanooga Association for Retarded Children.

Tennessee

G o verno r W in field

Dunn

rected more than 80 major international con­ ferences for senior business executives in

summed up Landrum ’s accom plishm ents:

some 25 countries; in 1970s created SRI In­

“Sherwood Landrum has given outstanding

ternational Associates Plan, including more

leadership and service on behalf of the men­

than 800 companies in 63 nations; associate

tally retarded citizens of Tennessee.”

director, SRI, 1956; vice president, 1959; ex­ ecutive vice president, 1960; senior director,

ROBERT J. KANE, CORNELL 1934 President, U.S. Olympic Committee, 1976-80

1982; U.S. Legion of Merit, 1946; Order o f the

For his complete biography, see page 54.

Commander o f the British Empire," and Beta’s Oxford Cup.

WELDON B. (HOOT) GIBSON WASHINGTON STATE 1938

HOMER O. HACKER, 0H /01939

Founder and executive vice president,

Watercolorist who painted “The 1909

Stanford Research Institute

Easter Egg Hunt” for the Ohio page in the

In the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, Stanford Research Institute Interna­ tional (SRI) Executive

ton Daily News, followed by role as creative

V ice

P re sid en t

director of Top Value Enterprises, Inc., second

W eldon B. G ibson

largest trading stamp company in the U.S. He

was

by

has painted since 1963, best-known to Betas

China’s Vice Presi­

for his painting of the Fraternity’s founders in

dent Li Xiannian. The

the 1989 150th anniversary poster.

greeted

occasion was a visit

ROBERT E. KIRBY, PENN STATE 1939

of an SRI “Senior Ex­

Honored by Japan in 1980 for promoting

ecutive Group” at the SRI’s Hoot Gibson

2001 White House calendar Longtime production manager of the Day­

invitation of the Chi­

U.S.-Japanese friendship Westinghouse chairman Kirby was awarded

nese People’s Association for Friendship with

the First Class Order o f the Sacred Treasurer,

Foreign Countries.

Japan's highest honor to a non-government

SRI is an independent nonprofit research

foreigner. The award cited his many contribu­

and advisory organization operating world­

tions to Japan's economic development and

wide. The permanent staff has some 3,000

to promoting U.S.-Japanese friendship. Ad­

people in more than 100 areas of specializa­

BETA STATESMEN

189

dressing Japan’s National Press Club, Kirby

died in his hometown, Boise, in 2008.

warned of the energy shortage facing the world

TED RICHARD MOLTON, OHIO STATE 1941

and urged that the two countries join in a co­

San Francisco architect and preservationist

operative energy program.

Helped save the Palace of Fine Arts; noted

HIRAM H. STEPHENSON, JR., MIAM1 1939 Beta Theta Pi Archivist, 1976-2006

for his restoration of historic buildings.

W.J. AMOSS, JR., T U L A N E 1946

A 31-year employee of Miami University,

Negotiated U.S. Trade with Communist China

lastly as dean of student life for housing as­

In the Oval Office of the White House, Presi­

signm ents and ad­

dent Ronald Reagan presented Amoss, presi­

m in is tra tiv e

Archivist Stephenson

s e r­

dent of Lykes Steamship Co. of New Orleans,

vices, “ Hi” was pro

the American Legion Merchant Marine trophy

bono Fraternity Archi­

for reopening U.S. shipping with China and

vist for 30 years until

distinguished service to the merchant marine

his death in 2006.

industry. Amoss negotiated U.S. trade with

Virtually every week­

China in 1977 after a 30-year lapse. A Lykes

day he appeared at

merchant ship subsequently entered Chinese

the Beta Administra­

waters to mark the resumption of trade be­

tive Office to super­

tween the two countries. Amoss, who was

intend the receipt of donated Beta memora­

chairman of the board of governors of the Na­

bilia until ill health forced him to relinquish

tional Maritime Council, died in 1986.

the role. He headed the committee that con­ ceived and saw to the installation of the Fraternity's Museum, a gift of Lee B. Thomp­ son, Oklahoma 1925, and placed books in the John Reily Knox Memorial Library.

ERNEST E. (ERNIE) DAY, ID A H 0 1941 Fought to preserve mountain wilderness Chairman of the Idaho Department of Parks and Recreation and a mountain photography hobbyist, Day took on a mining company plan­ ning to build a road into the primitive reaches of the pristine mountains known as the White Clouds. Battling state officials and powerful legislators, he recruited national publicity, the Sierra Club and the state’s congressional del­ egation, successfully defeating the attempted blight on the scenic wonderland.

To Ernie Day, saving the White Clouds was not just an issue over a few acres of wild real estate; it was a battle to save something that can never be brought back, a fight to save a way of life. In today’s spreading humanity, “you have to have somewhere to escape,” he said.

“Without wilderness, the world is a cage.” He

MAURICE G. CHASE, UCLA 1943 “Father Dollar Bill,” Statesman of Skid Row For his complete biography, see page 57.

ROBERT K. ABBETT, PURDUE 1946 Famous painter of American wildlife Abbett’s paintings of animals, particularly hunting dogs, have shown in scores of exhibits throughout the U.S.; his painting of actor Jimmy Stewart hangs in the Cowboy Hall of Fame, Oklahoma City. His painting, Stalking the Brown (Trout), featured on the cover of The Beta Theta Pi, winter 1994, hangs in Brennan Hall, the Fraternity Administrative Office, in Oxford, Ohio.

MEID COMPTON, INDIANA 1949 Always looking for ways to serve A former member of the Beta Theta Pi Foun­ dation Board of Directors, Meid attended 49 annual Beta conventions. In World War II, he was a medical-surgical assistant in an Army M*A*S*H unit in New Guinea.

Many years later, learning that the Indiana Lions Clubs needed volunteers to drive new am bulances to G uatem ala, Meid calm ly

190

stepped forward and

ing contributions to the natural and social sci­

chauffeured one of

ences and in the hum anities. Founded in

the vehicles over the

1882, the Society was reorganized in 1974 into

treacherous m oun­

three academies: Arts and Humanities, So­

ta ins and d iffic u lt

cial Sciences and Science. The president

roads of Mexico and

serves on the Governor General’s advisory

Central America.

council on appointm ents to the O rder of

“ Life R e lie f w orker Meid Compton

has

been

good to me,” he said

Canada. A longtim e Toronto resident, Dr. Haynes died in 1998.

m odestly. “ I’m ju st doing my part.”

JACK RILEY, MIAM 1 1954 Bicycled across the U.S. to benefit heart

Later, responding to a newspaper ad, Meid

and cancer foundations

climbed on an airplane as a point man for

After “winning” a 12-round fight with cancer,

medical teams bound for Somalia. He drove

Riley, 63, took a “Gold Medal Ride” to benefit

into a community where 125,000 people had

the American Heart Association, National Can­

died of starvation or gunfire. Amid the sounds

cer Research Foundation and Prostate Can­

of gunfire and unbelievable squalor, he did

cer Foundation. The 60-day trek, that embarked

the necessary advance work for a medical

from the coast of California, took Jack and other

team of three doctors and three nurses who

cyclists on a cross-country journey to Atlanta

treated thousands of desperate people. He

just in time for the Summer Olympic Games.

died in his hometown, Carmel, Ind., in 2005.

Suffering from a collapsed lung and his 16th

ROBERT RAY DISBRO

radiation treatment for prostate cancer, he com­

WESTERN RESERVE 1950

peted in 638 races and earned 100 gold med­

Founder, Trial Lawyers for Public Justice

als. He is listed in the Guinness Book o f World

and Possibilities Unlimited

Records for 52 triathlons, one a week for a year.

JAMES M. KILLEEN

Principal partner of Disbro & Associates, he was a founding member of Trial Lawyers for

B RITISH COLUMBIA 1955

Public Justice, a public interest law firm in

President, World Conference of

Washington, DC. He was a trustee of the Ameri­ can Trial Lawyers Association and on the board

Organization of the Teaching Profession

of the Ohio State Bar Association. During World

Vancouver, B.C., served a four-year term as

The

p op ular

te a c h e r-p rin c ip a l

from

War II, in Germany, he lost his right arm on his

president of the World Conference of Organi­

21st birthday when his Army jeep hit a land

zation of the Teaching Profession (WCOTP),

mine. After his return home, he helped found

1973-87, the first Canadian ever elected to the

Possibilities Unlimited, an organization for the

prestigious position. He was also former presi­

physically disabled, and was its first president.

dent of the British Columbia and Canadian

He died in 1985 in Cleveland, Ohio.

Teachers Federations, then representing 101

ROBERTHALLHAYNES WESTERN ONTARIO 1953

President, Royal Society of Canada

countries with nine million members.

After earning a n M.A. at U.B.C., Killeen taught at two Vancouver elementary schools, became

The Society consists of some 1,800 Fel­

an area counsellor and then went into admin­

lows, men and women from across Canada,

istration, becoming principal of Sir Charles

who are selected by their peers for outstand­

Tupper Secondary School in 1975. In 1984,

BETA STATESMEN

191 JIM B. GRAY, B ETH AN Y 1960 Campaigned for the handicapped In 1969, Gray was having a quick lunch in a cafe, anxious to get back to his job at the Fort Worth Star Telegram, when a gunman walked in, looking for another man who also wore a green raincoat, and pumped a .38 caliber shell into the back of Jim’s neck.

Recovering over many months, Jim ulti­ mately returned to work, albeit a paraplegiac, and campaigned to have curbs and other bar­ riers removed from much of downtown Fort

British Columbia’s James Killeen

Worth, making facilities and streets wheel­

he transferred to Oliver Secondary School. A

chair-accessible. He was honored as Texas’

former Canadian Junior Men’s doubles ten­

“Handicapped Person of the Year” in 1976.

nis champion, he coached student softball,

JOSEPH B. MARTIN III, DAVIDSON 1962

basketball and tennis.

Crusader for community redevelopment

“He was simply amazing and someone I

Diagnosed with ALS (Lou Gehrig disease)

admired greatly,” noted educator James M.

in 1994, Martin used a special computer that

Strilesky, British Columbia 1973, former Beta

allowed him to write by focusing his eyes on

Theta Pi vice president and trustee, 1992-95.

letters of the alphabet. He was finishing a sec­

“That admiration was shared by anyone who

ond novel at the time of his death, July 22,

knew him or worked with him. He possessed

2006. He was a crusader for ALS patients, rais­

boundless.energy, a quick wit and an incred­

ing more than $3 million to build the Carolina

ible intellect.” Killeen died in 2002 in Vancouver.

Nueromuscalar/ALS Center’

FRANK C. STARR, INDIANA 1959

A former executive with North Carolina Na­

Executive with Radio Free Europe

tional Bank, he helped form the Bank's Com­

Former Chicago Tribune bureau chief in

munity Development Corp. which launched a

Moscow and Washington, in 1977 he was di­

plan to revitalize uptown and other central cit­

rector of the Russian section at Radio Liberty,

ies. His many community service activities in­

a division of Radio Free Europe, which broad­

volved educational and housing programs that

casted to the Soviet Union. A private non-profit

help the poor, a children’s theater center, even

corporation, funded by the U.S., R.F.E. broad­

a library named after Martin and his wife Joan.

cast in 16 languages to Poland, Czechoslova­

DICKRAN M. TEVRIZIAN, JR.

kia, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria and six lan­ guages of the former U.S.S.R. THOMAS W. CLARK, IOWA STATE 1960 Gave free medical service to Vietnamese

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 1962

First Armenian-American to be a federal judge The Honorable Tevrizian is a judge of the U.S. District Court for the Central District of

Under the Volunteer Physician Program, Dr.

California. His judicial career began in 1972

C lark was one of seven physicians who

when Governor Ronald Reagan appointed him

worked in a South Vietnam hospital, taking

to the Los Angeles Municipal Court. Six years

leave from his position with the student health

later, he was elevated to the Superior Court of

center at Southern Illinois University.

California for Los Angeles County.

192 Among his numerous accolades, he was

A. DOUGLAS FLANSBURG

named Trial Judge of the Year by the Califor­

W ASHINGTON STATE 1967

nia Trial Lawyers Association, Trial Jurist of

More than a soldier in Vietnam

the Year by the L.A. County Bar Association,

“This was the first class they ever had in En­

recipient of the Peter the Great Gold Medal of

glish. The kids spoke only the Gl slang they

Honor from the Russian Academy of Natural

picked up in the village,” said Flansburg, a

Sciences and the Beta Theta Pi Oxford Cup.

chaplain’s assistant in the 1st Cavalry Divi­

MARKHAM L. GARTLEY

sion, describing a class of 40 Vietnamese stu­

GEORGIA TECH 1966

dents, ages 11-15, near Phuoc Vih, a village

Secretary of State for Maine, 1974-76

35 miles north of Saigon. As he did not speak

Elected to a two-year term in 1974, he was a

Vietnamese, he decided the best way to con­

U.S. Air Force veteran of the Vietnam War and

nect with the youth would be through group

one of the first prisoners of war released by

activities.

the North Vietnamese. Previous to his elec­ tion, he was an airline flight officer.

HARLAN H. HATCHER, MICHIGAN 1967 Headed Ford Foundation missions Army private, World War I; lieutenant, Navy Reserve, World War II; English instructor, then vice president, The Ohio State University; presi­ dent, University of Michigan, 1951-67; during his tenure, enrollment increased 20,000, re­ search grants up from $9.5 million to $59.4 million; headed Ford Foundation missions to USSR and South America; nine years on judi­ cial commission; lectured, took part in world population conferences.

CARL C. TINTSMAN, MIAM1 1967 Senior advisor on polio eradication, UNICEF In 2000, based in Geneva, Switzerland, Tintsman guided the UNICEF support of the concluding phase of the Polio Eradica­ tion Initiative. Estab­ lished in 1988, the initiative was led by the World Health Or-----------------------------Miami’s Tintsman

ganization, Rotary International, UNICEF

and U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Previ­

“They enjoyed soccer,” he said. “It is sort of a national sport as it is in European countries.

They were familiar with the rules but had no facilities. I convinced the commander of an engineer battalion to build a soccer field.”

Completion of the field produced results which helped bridge the communicaion gap.

Then Flansburg saw that textbooks were scarce, only two for each class. In a letter to his parents he mentioned this problem with his classes, one of 15 students and another of 25. Doug’s old high school student body launched a fund-raising project netting some $200. That sum, along with a Sunday’s church collection, purchased a supply of textbooks.

STANLEY R. SMITH SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 1969

Raised $6 million for Boys and Girls Club Professional tennis champion Smith was the world’s No. 1 ranked player, 1971-72; No. 1 in the U.S., 1969, 1971-73; winner of 39 career singles titles and 25 U.S. national men’s singles and doubles titles. He won the 1971 U.S. Open, 1972 Wimbledon

and was a member of the

U.S. Davis Cup Team, 1968-73, 1975, 1977-79 and 1981. He also won 61 doubles crowns and is in the International Tennis Hall of Fame and a recipient of Beta Theta Pi’s Oxford Cup. Smith founded USC chapter's sponsorship

ously, he was UNICEF Country Director in sev­

of Big Brothers of America, worked with youth in

eral of the 50 impacted countries.

L.A.'s Watts area, helped create the American

BETA STATESMEN

193

Tennis Professionals’ Partners Program, linking

DANIEL R. PLUMLEY, VIRGINIA TECH 1981

fans to the Tour. For the Boys and Girls Club of

Founder, The Totem Project: Advocacy on

Hilton Head, he headed helped raise $6 million.

behalf of Mongolia’s Dukha People

MICHAEL JACK SCHMIDT, OHIO 1971

The Mongolian government adopted a major program put forward by Plumley’s organization, The Totem Project, which funds and facilitates the only direct outreach and lobbying effort be­ tween the nomadic Dukha reindeer herders and the government. In 2000, nearing its 10th year of direct advocacy on behalf of the native Dukha

MLB Home Run Champion A star Philadelphia Phillies 3rd baseman, Schmidt was an All-Star 12 times, finishing his career ranked 7th on the all-time home run list and holding 14 major league records. He was the 1980s Player of the Decade and was en­ shrined in the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1995.

For United Way, through corporate contribu­

people, the project was becoming a major cam­ paign to further develop the program.

tions for each home run he hit, he raised more

MICHAELGREEN SMITH, WASHINGTON 1989

than $1 million locally, $2 million nationwide.

Founded Evergreen Aviation Museum

He established the Mike Schmidt Foundation benefitting various charities and gives time to

Fascinated with flying throughout his life, Cap­ tain Smith, USAF, and his father, Delford S. Smith,

Cystic Fibrosis, ALS (Lou Gehrig disease), Special Olympics and other ways to keep chil­

world-class museum near McMinnville, Ore.,

dren and children's charities in the forefront of his life. He is a 2001 recipient of Beta Theta Pi’s Oxford Cup.

collected vintage warplanes and created a home of the world-famous Spruce Goose, larg­ est flying boat in history, built by Howard Hughes.

Tragically, Captain Smith died in an automobile accident in March 1995.

Adjacent to the main room of the Beta Theta Pi Archives and Museum, Brennan Hall, Oxford, Ohio, is an interactive exhibit o f Sports and Communications, where visitors use a computer to learn more about Beta greats, from Olympic Gold Medal winners and other sports legends to Beta authors, editors and historians. The Museum is a gift o f Lee B. Thompson, Oklahoma 1925.

194

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The question plaguing a chronicler of history seems always to be, “When does it end . . . research, that is?” For it follows that research begets research, so at some point you must simply conclude, Enough! On the other hand, the matter of “acknowledgements” confirms a related dilemma: “Have I forgotten to thank someone?” Undeniably so!

Just as was so often true as each issue of The Beta Theta Pi came off the press and hurried off to thousands of homes — as each quarterly issue did during my nine years as editor — once your words are in print, someone will have a comment. Hence, a long-acknowledged require­ ment of editors the world over is that they must have thick skins.

Indeed, an oft-told story about my earliest days as an editor, 1962 as I recall, with another magazine. It concerned an associate who, after each issue circulated, would attach a note to his copy and return it to me with comments about alleged “mistakes” or “typos.” After an issue, which I knew to be absolutely error-free, he hastily dispatched it to me with a single, albeit question­ able, “correction.” Annoyed, I clipped a note over his, stating, “You’re nothing but a nitpikker.”

Which he promptly returned with another note affixed, reading, “You misspelled nitpicker!”

Anticipating that errors of omission and commission will probably solicit an ample supply of comment, not only those of the nitpicking variety but justifiable ones as well, it may help to know the depth of research for this treatise.

As referenced in the Preface, books by Betas and sources about Betas have been probed exhaustively. There are the Beta books from 1914 to 1988. Every page of every issue of The Beta Theta Pi since the first issue of Dec. 15, 1872, until the most recent issue, winter, 2009, has been perused to ensure that any Beta who was ever mentioned in the magazine has the possi­ bility of being included.

Often, those primary sources were simply leads to guide my search through the magic of the internet where long lists of public personalities are available. One must be cautious, however, as sources such as Wikipedia must be corroborated. Further, you must confirm that, for example, George T. Barnes is the Beta whose chapter is Georgia rather than George T. Barnes who at­ tended “Franklin” College, or are they the same? How about William T. Kirk, Ohio State 1932, founder of the “International Service” Agency? Little remains of that organization’s history today, and the “International Service” website seems to be a totally different organization from that of Brother Kirk’s fine works as reported in The Beta Theta Pi in 1974. These and many other examples must be resolved by cross-referencing with other sources.

There is a preponderance of national-level elected and appointed officials herein. Of course, it just can’t be helped. When we think of “statesmen,” we naturally give credence to those who have chosen or are chosen to serve in public roles. For the most part, congressmen and other career public employees have not made their life choices just “to make a buck.” We like to assign more altruistic purposes to them.

For many of today’s contemporaries, some of whom we have personal and fraternal relation­ ships, we know that their motives are of the highest order; to wit many of our senators, congress­ men, governors, etc. Easier to read in that regard, of course, are such luminaries as Yale’s Jimmy Yen, whose work educated 60 million Chinese, or Oregon State’s Karl-Heinz Oedekoven who warned about global warming almost 50 years ago; or perhaps UCLA’s Robin Hood-like

BETA STATESMEN

195

Father Dollar Bill Maurice Chase, who collects from the rich and hands out to the poor.

Oh sure, some will argue that even these three “saints” had their own axes to grind: after all, Yen was a Chinese helping Chinese, the German Oedekoven was a tree-hugger harranguing over the loss of the world’s forests and the Catholic priest is just recruiting the down-and-out to his faith. If that’s how you feel, I’m sorry for you.

Actually, this book will be found more lacking for its omissions than for its inclusions. As such, this anthology fits in well with those of yesteryear by Baird, Shepardson, Fawcett and others, many of their worn bindings crammed onto dusty shelves and long ago overlooked. So why bother? Simply this: sometimes it’s challenging for our youngest members to identify role mod­ els. We speak glowingly about Beta Theta Pi as the fraternity for Men of Principle. The vision of this initiative promotes Beta Theta Pi as the exemplary standard for collegiate fraternal societies, proclaiming that Betas are to be known as friends, gentlemen and scholars. And to prove it, brothers, herein are some examples of just what we’re talking about.

Early in my several years of research, beginning with the 168th Beta convention of 2007 and on the Beta website, plans for the book were outlined and an appeal went out soliciting names to be included. A grand total of three suggestions were received. We can only hope that your chapter’s “statesmen” have not been omitted. If so, we’re sorry. We just didn’t know.

For scholars of Beta history, it is readily and gratefully acknowledged that many biographical segments were drawn intact from issues of The Beta Theta Pi, without apologies for attempting to improve on already excellent text. If authors of those sections are noted, then attribution is included; if not, assume that the text was drafted by the editors or contributors of the time.

Now, why haven’t we included Betas who are state supreme court justices or judges of na­ tional and state district courts? Or how about municipal and traffic court judges, even justices of the peace? What about state legislators, county commissioners, city councilmen? Then there are the literally thousands who serve United Ways, Red Cross, Salvation Army, conservancies, foundations and on and on . . . ? Why? Because there is simply no way to comprehensively discover all of these selfless volunteers and donors of their time to the greater good.

Included in these pages are a handful who gave years of their lives, and at least one who gave his life, to the Peace Corps. Likewise, we have barely scratched the surface of the many who have given weeks, months or years to the disadvantaged and displaced around the world. All we can do is acknowledge the quiet and faithful service by those whom we know about.

On a personal note, my own chapter is proud of its members in leadership roles in the state legislature, county commissions, city councils, state and lower courts, but they have not been included simply because I know about them. The line had to be drawn. If, however, you know of a Beta who is a serious omission from these pages, nominate him to the editor of The Beta Theta Pi. That overlooked brother may well be worthy of the highest aim and purpose o f associated effort.

Finally, thank you to my dedicated proofreaders: former Administrative Secretary Stephen B. Becker, Florida 1969; former Editor-Director of Communication Thomas C. Olver, Central Michi­ gan 1998; Phyllis Bowie, receptionist at Brennan Hall, the Fraternity’s administrative office in Oxford, whose multiple services as fact-checker extraordinnaire, were invaluable, and profes­ sional proofreader Janice Haugh. Additionally, a heartfelt thank you to the Hon. John E. Dolibois, Miami 1942 ("see page 161), now age 90, brother and cherished friend, who so graciously contributed the thoughtful and insightful Foreward to this book. — L.E. (Erv) Johnson, Idaho 1953

INDEX BY NAME Abbett, Robert K .......... ........189 Achilles, Thomas C ..............161 Ackerman, William J. ..........177 Allbaugh, Joe M ........... . 69. 145 Allen, John M ............... .48 . 100 Amoss, W.J.. Jr......................189 Appenzeller, Donald C. ...... 170 Armstrong, William H. .........91 Andrew, A. R, Jr. 109, 146, 181 Aspinall, Owen B ......... ........138 Aspinall, W ayne........... 88, 113 Baker. George T............ ........169 Bakewell, Charles M. ..........108 Barnes, George T.......... . 92, 194 Barnett, Robert W ................151 Barrows, Lewis O .................136 Bates, John L ................ 132, 139 Baumhart, Albert D., Jr....... 114 Beach, Albert 1.............. ........170 Beall, James A. (Jack)..........109 Beaver, James A ....................130 Becker, George L ..................168 Becker, Stephen B ........ ........195 Begg, James T............... ....... I l l Bellows, George W ..... ........182 Bennet, M ichael E ........ ......... 88 Bennett, Thomas W. 93,129,168 Berry, Albert S ............... .96 , 168 Blades, B ria n ................ .......186 Blaisdell, William P. .... ....... 176 Blue. Richard W............ .........99 Boekel, William A........ ....... 184 Boggs, Thomas Hale, Sr.48, 115 Bonney, Sherw ood....... .........88 Booth, N ew ton............. .78 , 129 Borah, William E. 16, 19, 82, 83 Borsting. Jack R ............ ....... 154 Boutelle, Henry S ........ 102, 158 Bowie, P hyllis.............. ....... 195 Bowling. Daniel B........ ....... 185 Boy Scout E xecutives.. ....... 178 Bracken, Frank A .......... ....... 155 Bradenbaugh, Abraham E ... 180 Bradford, Donald F ..... ........153 Bradley, Gene E ............ ....... 174 Branch. Emmett F........ 134, 140 Brann. Louis J .............. 134, 170 Breunig, Henry L ..................174 Brewer, David J ............ ....... 124 Brooks, Seth R .............. .88 , 184 Brooks, William A., Jr. .......180 Brotzman, Donald G. .. 116, 153

Brough, Charles H ....... ........ 135 Brower, F re d ...........................88 Brown, B. G ratz..6 , 27 ,7 8 , 129 Brown, John Y ............. .. 94, 129 Brown, N o rris......................... 82 Brown, Webster E ........ 102, 169 Brouse, Macy A ............ ........170 Buchtel, Henry A .................. 131 Buck, George S ............. ........ 170 Burnell, Albro L .................... 165 Burton, Joseph R .......... ..........80 Butler, George H ................... 160 Butler, John M .............. ..........86 Butterfield, Samuel H . . ....... 153 Bynum, W illiam D ...... 101, 169 Byrns, Joseph W. .. 18, 109, 110 Campbell. Walter L ...... ........ 169 Candler, Ezekiel S., J r .......... 104 Caquette, Brian J .......... ........ 177 Carman, R obert............ ........ 183 Cartwright, Herbert Y., J r .... 171 Chase, M au rice.....57, 189, 195 Church, Alonzo W. ..... ........ 180 Clark, Thomas W.................. 191 Clarke, Frank G ............. ........ 102 Clark, R u sh ................... .......... 92 Clements, Is a a c ............ ..........98 Coburn, J o h n ..........................90 Cocke, Lucian H ...................169 Colfax, Schuyler . 12, 27, 78, 93 Coggeshall, W illiam ............ 157 Comstock, Daniel W ..............98 Compton, M e id ............ ........189 Cook, Charles W ..................154 Cooper, John Sherm an..... 40, 86 Cotton, Norris, H . ... 86i, 88, 114 Coulter, Ernest K .................. 181 Cowherd, William S. .. 104, 169 Cravens, William B .............. 110 Crittenden, T.T. 94,129,164,169 Crittenden, T.T.. J r . .............. 169 Cromer, George W ...... 105, 169 Crosby, Charles N ........ ........ I l l Crossen. David F . ................ 186 Crowder, Enoch H ................ 158 Cruce, L e e ..................... ........ 133 Cumback, W illiam ....... .9 2 . 139 Cunningham, H. F ran cis,, 166 Danaher. John A ................ 29, 85 Daniels, Paul C ............. ........ 160 Darling, D in g ............ 17, 22, 31

Dart, Justin W........................150 Davidson, C. G irard............ 151 Davis, Darius A .....................174 Davis, Guy W ........................174 Davis, John E ...... 137, 152, 171 Davis, John K ........................ 165 Davis, Walter, N ....................140 Davis, W ebster W. ......146, 170 Davis, William E ...................175 Dawson, W illiam W ............ 183 Dawson, Donald S ................150 Day, Ernest E .........................189 DeMotte, Mark L ....................93 Dewhurst, D av id .................. 140 Dickey, Thomas W............... 186 Dillard, Hardy C ................... 185 Disbro, Robert R ................... 190 Docking, Robert B ...... 138, 171 Docking, Thomas R ............. 140 Dodds, Ozro J ................... 98, 99 Dodson, Elm er H .................. 172 Dolibois, John E ...........161, 195 Douglas, Charles G., I l l ...... 119 Douglas, Wm. O. 21,36,126,149 Dowling, Daniel B ............... 184 Doyle, W illiam B.................. 170 Dubs, A d o lp h .................56, 162 Dunbaugh, Frank M ...... 33, 149 Duncan, John H o lt................. 74 Earl, Anthony S .....................138 Edgerton, Alonzo J ................. 79 Edmunds, Paul C .................... 96 Edwards, John ........................88 Elbert, Samuel H ...................129 Ellefson, Eric J ...................... 140 Elliot, W illia m ........................97 Ellis, J. E z e k ie l.......................98 Ellsworth, R. F .... 116, 153, 162 Elmer, William T................... 168 Erickson, Charles T.............. 181 Espy, Goodman B ................. 176 Evans, James C ..................... 169 Ewing, Oscar R ..................... 147 Fairbank, Herbert S .............. 147 Fairbank, John K.................. 186 Farland, Joseph S ..................161 Farrington, Joseph R............ 112 Farrington, Wallace R ..........133 Faulkner, Charles J ................. 80 Fawcett, S p ig .......................... 88 Ferree, John W ..................... 185

Fetridge, William C ..............178 Field, S co tt............................ 100 Flansburg, A. D o u g las........ 192 Flint, James C ........................ 186 Fosseen, Neal R .................... 171 Francis, David . 131,142,157,169 Franks, Robert D .................. 120 Frye, William F., J r . ............ 151 Fuller, William E .................. 101 Galloway, George B ............. 183 Galloway, S am u el.................. 94 Gartley, M arkham L ............. 192 Gates, John H .......................... 51 Geist, Raymond H................ 165 Gephardt, Richard A ............ 119 Geraghty, John V .................. 172 Gibbs. B arn ett.......................139 Gibbs, M ilo S ........................ 183 Gilb, Charles E ......................172 Gilbert, Kenneth A ............... 177 Gibson, Weldon B. (H oot).. 188 Glover. John M ..................... 102 Goff, Abe M .................. 113, 149 Goldsmith, Stephen .... 172, 173 Gordon, Charles P ................168 Gordon. Donald C ................ 174 Gordon, John B ro w n ......10, 80 Gordon, Thomas B oston.......75 Granger, Miles T..................... 89 Grant, Harold W....................150 Gray, Jim B ............................ 191 Gregory, Thomas T.C...........164 Griffin, Levi T..........................96 Grigsby, John T .................... 140 Guild, George B ....................168 Gunderson, Steven C ........... 120 Hacker, Homer 0 ..................188 Haines, William T . ...............132 Halaby, Najeeb E .................. 152 Haldeman, H .R ..................... 154 Hall, Benton J..........................95 Hall, Frank J .......................... 139 Halleck, Charles A .........38, 114 Hamilton, Milo F . ................ 187 Hanna. J o h n ................... 97, 169 Haney, D ic k ............................ 51 Harcourt, M ichael F .... 127, 172 Flardin, Charles H en ry .... 2, 128 Harlan, James ...4 ,7 7 . 123, 124 Harlan, John M. 8 ,4 1 , 123, 124 Harris, Henry R .......................91 Harrison, Philip N ................ 183 Harvey, Louis P .................... 128

Hatcher, Harlan H ................. 192 Hatfield, M ark Odom 51, 58, 86 Hattori, Ic h iz o .......................131 Haugh, J a n ic e .......................195 Haynes, Robert H ................. 190 Henry, P a tric k .......................106 Hetzel. Ralph D., Jr.............. 152 Hilldring, John H .L.............. 149 Hitt, Robert R ................. 95, 164 Hoadly, G e o rg e .................... 128 Hoffman, Henry W .................90 Hogan, F ra n k .................43, 185 Holden, Glen A ..................... 162 Holland, Edward E ......104, 169 Holland, Robert C ................ 154 Holton, Richard H ................ 154 Hook, Harold S..................... 179 Hornbeck, Stanley K. . 147, 159 Houghton, Henry S.............. 181 Howard, Jonas G ..................... 91 Hughes, Robert R ................. 149 Hukill, George R ...................166 Hunter, George W .........42, 175 Hurt, Huber W ..................... 178 Ikard, Frank N ................ 88, 115 Ireland. Clifford C ................ I l l Izlar, James F . .........................95 Jackson, David H ..................170 James, Craig T....................... 119 James, Eldon R ..................... 181 James, Richard T...................140 Jardine, W illiam M ...............143 Javits, Eric M ........................ 162 Jensen, L eslie........................ 137 Johnson, Henry H u n te r.........75 Johnson, M artin N ......... 81, 102 Jones, B re re to n ........... 139, 140 Jones, Norman A .................. 166 Joullian, Edward C. I l l ....... 178 Kane, Robert J ................54, 188 Karnes, David K ..................... 87 Kem, Jam es P ..........................84 Kemp, W illiam E .................. 170 Kidd, Coburn B ..................... 166 Killeen, James M .................. 190 Kinsey, W illiam M ............... 101 Kiplinger, John H ................. 182 Kirby, Robert E ..................... 188 Kirk, W illiam T............ 187, 194 Knox, John R e ily ............ 72, 73 Kopp, W illiam F. ................. 109 Kruse, Edward H., Jr............ 115

Lady, Harold W .................... 151 LaFollette, Philip F . ............ 136 LaFollette, Robert M., Jr. 29, 85 Lamar. Joseph R .......... 123, 125 Landis, Charles B ................. 106 Landrum, S h erw o o d ........... 187 Latham, Milton S . ... 76, 89, 128 Lentz, John J.' ..................... 104 Letts, Fred D .......................... I l l Lindsay, Samuel M ..............180 Linton, D av id .......................... 73 Littell, Norman M ................ 149 Lodwick, Seeley G ............... 153 Loeffler, Thomas G .............. 120 Long, John D ......................... 146 Lorentz, Pare ........................ 185 Lowden, Frank O .. 19, 107, 133 Lugar, Richard G. 64,87,172,173 Lukens, Fred E ...................... 147 Lukens, John F ..................... 152 Lurton, Horace H .........123, 125 Mabus, Raym ond 139, 145, 163 MacDonald, Thomas H ....... 147 M acPhail, Leland S .............. 183 M adigan, Peter D .................. 155 Magee, R u fu s........................157 Marshall, H um phrey.....89, 157 Marshall, John, B e tfm n y ........ 147 M arshall, John, C e n tre ....... 139 M arshall, Samuel Taylor. 72, 73 Martin, Clyde S ..................... 182 Martin, James G ........... 117, 138 Martin, Joseph B. Ill .......... 191 Martin, W illiam A .P ............ 180 M arvin, Rolland B ................ 171 Mather, Philip R ....................183 Matson, Courtland C ..............99 Matthews, Henry M ............. 129 M atthews, T. Stanley .... 76, 124 McCloy, John J ...............32, 148 McCormick, John W ............. 95 McConaughy, James L. 136, 140 McConnico, Andrew J. 146, 164 McCoy, Frank T.................... 152 McDill, James W. ........... 80, 93 McDonald, Joseph E ....... 78, 91 M cFarland, Chancey L ........170 M cGilton, Edward G ............140 McLean, William P . ...............96 M cLure, Charles E ............... 155 McMaster, William H. 51,84, 135 McNutt, Paul Vories 2 6 ,136,160 Merrill, S am u el.................... 164 Merritt, Alfred D ................... 175

Merritt, Donald M ................149 Miers. Robert W........... ........101 Millard. Thomas F.F. ...........180 Miller, C arro ll.............. ........146 Miller, Melville W ...... ........146 Molton, Ted R ............... ........ 189 Monteith, J. W aldo...... ........ 121 Montague, Andrew J . .. 106, 132 Moore, Arch A., Jr....... 117,138 Morrow. Dwight W ..... .. 83, 159 Morrow. Dwight W.. Jr. ........83 Morton, Oliver H.P.T..... ... 78,128 Mulford, David C. 155, 163 Nance, A lb in u s............ ........ 130 Nasmith, Charles R .............. 165 Nelson, C. W illiam ..... ..87, 120 Newberry, John S ......... ..........91 Newton, Clarence L ..... ..........21 Nichols, R ichard.................. 117 Nickles, Donald L........ ..........87 Noble, Edward J........... ........147 Noble, John W .............

142 O â&#x20AC;&#x2122;Connell, Jeremiah E. ...... 112 Odekoven, Karl-Heinz55. 167,194 Odell, Benjamin B....... 103, 132 Ogilvie, Richard B ....... ........137 Olver, Thomas O .......... ........195 Overstreet, Harry A ..............181 Owsley, Alvin M ...........

160 Packwood, Robert W. ......51. 87 Paine, Halbert E ......................90 Park, Guy B ...........................134 Parkinson. Robert H. ...........141 Patterson, Richard C.. Jr...... 160 Pattison, John M .......... 101, 131 Paul, Norman S ............ ........ 153 Paulsen, Carl G ............. ........148 Penniman, William F., Jr..... 166 Penrose, B o ie s ............. ....81, 82 Perry,. William J .......... ........ 145 Peterson, Avery F..................166 Peterson. David ...................127 Peterson, Walter R , Jr. ....... 138 Phelps, William C ........ ........140 Phinney. Robert H ....... ........162 Pickett, Thomas A ....... ........ 114 Pierce, R .B .F ................ ..........99 Pigott, Charles M ......... ........179 Pitfield, P. M ic h a e l..... 122, 141 Plumley, Daniel R ....... 189, 193 Pollard, Henry M ............97, 165 Pollard, John G ......................133

Poppleton, Andrew J ............ 168 Porter, Albert G. 89. 128, 146,157 Powell, Perry E ..................... 178 Pritchard, George M ............ 112 Proudfoot, M alcolm J .......... 150 Public Service B e ta s ........... 179 Pugsley, Jacob J ...................... 98 Quay, Matthew S tanley.....7, 79 Rae, Saul F ............................ 157 Rasmussen, Boyd L ............. 152 Rawlins. Joseph L ..........81. 103 Ray, John H ........................... 112 Ray, Ronald D ....................... 155 Reeves, Henry A ..................... 92 Reynolds, Robert R ......... 29, 84 Rhodes, John Jacob 52, 88,115 Rich. Robert G., Jr................ 163 Rider, Ira E ............................. 108 Riley, George W ..................... 45 Riley, J a c k ............................. 190 Ristine, Richard 0 ................ 140 Ritsher, Walter H .................. 166 Robinette, John J .................. 185 Robinson, L e slie .................. 169 Robinson, W illiam A. . 121. 171 Romoda, Jo sep h..................... 88 Rose, Charles G.. Ill ... 118, 119 Rouse, Arthur B .................... I l l Rubey, Thomas L .........107. 140 Ruehlmann, Eugene P ......... 172 Ryan, Michael C la rk so n .......75 Sato, A im a ro .........................167 Schaefer, D an iel................... 118 Schambra, W illiam P. ......... 185 Schiff, M ortim er L ............... 178 Schram, John R ............141, 156 Schmidt. M ichael Ja c k ........ 193 Scott, Charles F .................... 105 Scott, Harry D ......................... 92 Scudder, T ow nsend..............108 Seaton, Frederick A. 44, 86, 144 Seftenberg, Chaester D ........ 150 Seibels, George G., Jr........... 172 Seymour, Augustus T .......... 146 Sharp, Philip R ...................... 119 Shoecraft, Eugene C ............ 165 Sholtz, D a v id ........................ 136 Shrontz, Frank A ................... 155 Shuff, Charles H................... 153 Simms, Bennett T................. 148 Small, John E. (Jed )............ 175 Smith, Arnold C .................... 141

Smith, Dennis A ............. 51, 118 Smith, Frank E ............... 88, 116 Smith, Ira R .T ........................ 181 Smith, James G e o rg e ............ 74 Smith. John M .C ................... 105 Smith. M ichael G .................. 193 Smith, Stanley R ................... 192 Snell, Bertrand H .................. 110 Snell, Earl W .........................135 Snow C. W ilb e rt......... 135, 140 Snow, Edgar P ...................... 186 Soprinka, J o h n ...............66, 126 Space, Zachary T.................. 121 Spencer, W illiam B .................95 Sprague, W illiam E .............. 176 Spratt, John M ....................... 120 Springer, W illliam M ............. 97 Stabler, Jordan H .................. 165 Stack, Edward J ............114, 171 Frank C. S ta r r .......................191 Stephenson, H.H., Jr............ 189 Stephenson, W illiam A ........ 149 Stevenson, Wm. F ........ 107, 169 Stickley, M eridith E ............. 169 Stofft, E d m o n d .......................88 Stokes, Edward C ................. 132 Strong, Curtis C .................... 166 Statesm an, James F ............. 158 Sullivan, Reginald H. . 170, 173 Summers, M addin ...............165 Sutherland, Howard 19, 82, 109 Sutherland, Robert F ........... 121 Sweeney, B .0 ........................ 146 Synar, M ichaelLynn......70, 120 Szold, R o b e rt........................ 182 Tacke. G e rd ........................... 167 Taft, Charles P .......................170 Taylor, Leon R .......................135 Teague, Charles M ............... 114 Terrell, Edwin H ................... 158 Tevrizian, Dickran M.. Jr. ... 191 Thompson, Lee. B................ 193 Tintsman, Carl C ................... 192 Tolman, W illiam H ............... 180 Townsend, H o sea................... 99 Treat, Charles H ....................146 Tucker, Henry S.................... 103 Turner, John N .W .......... 60, 122 Ullman, Albert C. ...5 0 . 88, 115 Upson, William H ...................89 Van DeVanter, Willis 14, 123, 126 Vinson, Fred M.. Jr.............. 154

Vollmer, Gustav J ...........68, 178 Voorhees, Daniel W. 79, 91. 148 Wade, H .W ............................ 183 Walsh, Lawrence E ............... 151 Ward, George B .................... 170 Ware, John Hâ&#x20AC;&#x17E; I I I ................114 Warner, John W....... 62, 86, 145 Warren, Edgar L ....................185 Washburn, Albert H .............. 159 Watson, Walter A .................. 108 Weatherbee, Artemus E ....... 153 Weaver, C lau d e.................... 108 Weber, Edward F .................. 118

Weber, F o r d ............................ 88 W heeless, Leon J ..................151 Wherry, Kenneth S ...........28, 85 W hipple, George H .............. 182 W hitehead, Donald S ........... 140 W hiting, W illiam F . ............ 142 W hitten, Jamie L. ... 46, 88, 115 Wiley, George W .................... 45 Willey, H ira m .......................168 Willkie, Wendell ..2 1 , 27,30,183 Williamson, Benjamin M ...... 82 Wilson, Charles E rw in .. 24, 143 Wilson, Joseph G .................... 90 Winter, Charels E ......... 110, 134

W irtz, W illiam W ................. 144 Wise, J o h n S .......................... 100 Woods, William B ....... 123, 168 Wolcott, Joseph 0 ...................84 Wyatt, W e n d e ll..............51, 115 Yeater, Charles E .................. 139 Yen, Y.C. Jim m y ........... 34, 194 Yerkes, John W .................... 166 Young, John S ..........................96 Young, Owen D ..............20, 181 Young, P h ilip ...............151, 16!

Zuckert, Eugene M ............... 144

INDEX BY CHAPTERS A la b a m a Strong, Curtis C ..................... 166 A m h e rs t Dickey, Thomas W ................186 Doyle, William B ...................169 M cCloy , John J .............. 32, 148 Morrow, Dwight W ........83, 159 Morrow, Dwight W„ Jr........... 83 Schiff, M ortim er L ................ 178 Snell. Bertrand H ................... 110 Whiting, William F................142 A riz o n a Dewhurst, D av id ................... 140 B all S ta te Bracken, Frank A ...................155 B elo it Darling, J.N. (D ing).. 17, 22,31 Dubs, A d o lp h .................56, 162 MacPhail, Leland S ...............183 McMaster,William H ... 51, 84, 135 Ritsher, Walter H ................... 166 Wirtz, William W ......... 143, 144 B e th a n y Gray, Jim B ............................. 191 Lamar, Joseph R .......... 123, 125 Marshal], J o h n ...................... 147 O ’Dell, Benjamin B .... 103, 132 Stickley, M eredith E ..............169 Warren, Edgar L .....................185 Williamson, Benjamin M ....... 82 B o s to n Bates, John L ................ 132, 139 O ’Connell, Jeremiah E ......... 112 B o w d o in Bradford, Donald F .............. 153 Burnell, Albro L .....................165 Flint, James C .........................186 Pope, Laurence E ...................163 Snow, C. Wilbert ........ 135, 140 B ritish C o lu m b ia Harcourt, M ichael F .... 127, 172 Killeen, James M ................... 190 Parkinson, Robert H ............. 141 Turner, John N.W. ........60, 122 B ro w n Hughes, Robert R ................ 149 McConnico, Andrew J.......... 164 Stokes, Edward C .................. 132 Tolman, William H ................ 180

C a lifo rn ia , B e rk e le y Bakewell, Charles M ............108 Bowling. Daniel B ................ 185 McFarland, Chauncey L ......170 Overstreet, Harry A ..............181 C a lifo rn ia , L o s A n g e le s (UCLA) Chase, Maurice G .. 57, 189, 195 Haldeman, H .R ..................... 154 C a r n e g ie M ellon Harrison, Philip N ................ 183 Perry, W illiam J ..................... 145 Wilson, Charles E. 24, 143, 144 C e n te n a r y Ellis, Ezekiel J ......................... 98 Spencer, W illiam B .................95 Young, John S......................... 96 C e n tra l M ic h ig a n Olver, Thomas 0 .................. 195 C e n tre Brown, John Y. ..............94, 129 Cooper, John S................. 40, 86 Crittenden, T.T....... 94, 129, 164 Crittenden, T.T., Jr................ 169 Harlan, John M ......... 8 ,1 2 3 ,1 2 4 Marshall, J o h n ..................... 139 Ray, Ronald D ....................... 155 Yerkes, John W .................... 166 C h ic a g o Gibbs, Milo S ........................ 183 Proudfoot, M alcoln J ........... 150 Stephenson, William A.F. ... 149 C in c in n a ti James, Eldon R ..................... 181 M atthews, T. Stanley .... 76, 124 Ruehlmann, Eugene P ......... 172 Small, John E. (Jed )............ 175 C o lg a te Blaisdell, William P . ........... 176 Nasmith, Charles R .............. 165

Colorado Brotzman, Donald G. .. 116, 153 Hombeck, Stanley K , 147,159

Columbia Hildring, John H .L...............

Hogan, Frank S.............. 43, Javits, Eric M ........................

Patterson, Richard C., Jr......

Scudder, T ow nsend..............

Walsh, Lawrence E ...............

149 185 162 160 108 151

C o rn e ll Baker, George T.................... 169 Fairbank, Herbert S .............. 147 Jackson, David H ..................170 Kane, Robert J ................54, 188 Shuff, Charles H ................... 153 Vollmer, Gustav J ...........68, 178 Washburn, Albert H ............. 159 C u m b e rla n d Allen, John M .................48, 100 Guild, George B ....................168 Lurton, David J ............ 123, 125 Sweeney, B .0 ........................ 146 Ward, George B .................... 170 D a rtm o u th Clarke, Frank G ..................... 102 Peterson, W alter R., Jr......... 138 Pollard, Henry M ........... 97, 168 Treat, Charles H .................... 146 D a v id s o n Martin, James G ........... 117, 138 Martin, Joseph B.. Ill ......... 191 Rose, Charles G ..................... 118 Spratt, John M .......................120 Stevenson, William F .. 107, 169 Denison Aspinall, Owen B ................. 138 Lugar, Richard 64, 87, 172, 173 Seymour, Augustus T .......... 146 Taylor, Leon R ...................... 135 Weber, Edward F. ................ 118 Weber, F o r d ............................ 88 D enver Aspinall, W ayne............ 88, 113 Hornbeck, Stanley K. . 147, 159 D ePauw Aspinall, Owen B ................... 138 Bennett, Thomas W. 93, 129, 168 Booth, N ew ton...............78, 129 Buchtel, Henry A .................. 131 Clements, Is a a c .......................98 Colfax, Schuyler . 12, 27, 78, 93 Cumback, W illiam ........ 92, 139 DeMotte, Mark L ....................93 Erickson, Charles T. ........... 181 Franks, Robert D .................. 120 Harlan, J a m e s .....................4, 77 Hanna, J o h n ................... 97, 169 Hitt, Robert R ................. 95, 164 Howard, Jonas G ..................... 91 Martin, Clyde S .....................182

Matson, Courtland C ..............99 M cDonald, Joseph E ....... 78, 91 Miller, M elville W ............... 146 Porter, Albert G. . 89, 128,146, 157 Powell, Perry E ..................... 178 Sato, A im aro ......................... 167 Scott, Harry D ......................... 92 Sharp, Philip R ...................... 119 Terrell, Edwin H ................... 158 Van Devanter, W .. 14, 123, 126 Voorhees, Daniel W. .......79, 91 D ic k in s o n Appenzeller, Donald C ........ 170 Bonney, Sherw ood................ 88 Shoecraft, Eugene C ............ 165 E m o ry Gilbert, Kenneth A ............... 177 Gordon, Charles P ................168 Harris, Henry R .......................91 Izlar, James G ...........................95 F lo rid a Becker, Stephen B ................ 195 James, Craig T....................... 119 Nelson, C. W illiam .......87, 120 Rich, Robert G., Jr................ 163 G e o rg ia Barnes, George T............92, 194 Church, Alonzo W. ............. 180 Gordon, John B ................ 10, 80 Harris, Henry R .......................91 G e o rg ia T ech Espy, Goodman B. (G.B.) ... 176 Gartley, M arkham L .............192 H a m p d e n -S y d n e y Watson, Walter A .................. 108

W hitehead, Donald S ........... 140

Illinois Butler, George H ................... 160

Indiana Branch, Emmett F ....... 134, 140 Bynum, William D ...... 101, 169 Compton, M e id ............ ........189 Cromer, George W ....... 105, 169 Ewing, Oscar R .....................147 Franks, Robert D .......... ........121 Hall, Frank J .................. ........139 Halleck, Charles A ....... .. 38, 113 Kiplinger, John H ......... ........ 182 Kruse, Edward H., Jr. .......... 115 Magee, R u fu s........................ 157 Martin, W illiam A .P ............. 180 M cNutt, Paul V. .... 26, 136, 160 Miers, Robert W. ........ ........101 Rawlins, Joseph L ........ .. 81, 103 Springer, W illiam M . ............. 97 Starr. Frank C ........................ 191 Willkie, W. . 21, 27, 30, 183, 184

Iowa Brown, N o rris.............. .......... 82 Fuller, W illiam E ......... ........ 101 Gates, John H ............... .......... 51 Haney, D ic k ................. .......... 51 Johnson, M artin N ....... ..8 1 . 102 Letts, Fred D ................. ........ I l l Lowden, Frank O .. 19, 107, 133 Merritt, Donald M ....... ........ 149

Iowa State Clark, Thomas W ......... ........191 Lodwick, Seeley G ....... ........153 MacDonald, Thomas H ....... 147

Iowa Wesleyan

H anover Burton, Joseph R .....................80 Rouse, Arthur B .................... I l l

Hurt, H uber W.............. ........ 178 Kopp, W illiam F. ........ ........ 109 Winter, Charles E ......... 110, 134

H a rv a rd Brooks, William A., Jr......... 180 Penrose, B o ie s ........................81

Jefferson

Id a h o Boekel, William A ................ 184 Butterfield, Samuel H ..........153 Day, Ernest E. (E rnie)......... 189 Gilb, Charles E ......................172 Goff, Abe M ................ 113,149 Lukens, Fred E ......................147 Lukens, John F ..................... 152 Paulsen, Carl G ......................148 Peterson, Avery F .................166 Shrontz, Frank A ................... 155

Johns Hopkins

Latham. Milton S .... 76. 89, 128 Quay, Matthew S......... ..... 7 ,7 9 Broueh, Charles H ...... ........135 Butler, John M ............. .......... 86 Stabler. Jordan H ......... ........165

Kansas Beach. Albert I............. ........170 Blades, B ria n ............... ........186 Borah, W illiam E. 16, 19, 82, 83 Davis, Webster W ........ 146, 170 Docking, Robert B ..... 138, 171

Docking, Thomas R ............. 140 Ellsworth, Robert F .. 116,153,162 McClure, Charles E ..............155 Scott, Charles F .................... 105

Kansas State Jardine, W illiam M ...............143 Jones. Norman A .................. 166 Nichols. R ic h ard .................. 117 Rhodes, John J ......... 52, 88, 115 Seaton, Fred A. 44, 86, 143, 144

Kenyon Space, Zachary T.................. 121

Knox Hunter, George W.......... 42, 175 Ireland, Clifford C ................ I l l Nance, Albinus .................... 130 Robinson, L e slie .................. 169 Stofft, Edmond .......................88 Szold, R o b e rt........................182

Lawrence M ulford, David C ........ 155, 163 Seftenberg, Chester D ..........150 Young, Owen D ............ 20, 181

Lehigh Hukill, George R ................... 166 Stack. Edward J ............114, 171

Maine Barrows, Lewis 0 ................. 136 Brann, Louis J .............. 134. 170 Farrington, Wallace R ..........133 Haines, W illiam T................. 132 M adigan, Peter D ..................155 W eatherbee, Artemus E ....... 153

Miami Berry, Albert S ................96, 168 Brower, F re d ........................... 88 Dodds, Ozro J ................... 98, 99 Dolibois, John E .......... 161, 195 Duncan. John H o lt.......... 73, 74 Galloway, S am u el.................. 94 Gordon, Thomas B ................. 75 Hall, Benton J .......................... 95 Hardin, Charles H ........... 2 , 128 Holton, Richard H ................ 154 Johnson, Henry H ................... 75 Knox, John R .................... 72, 73 Linton, D av id .......................... 73 M arshall, Samuel T..........72, 73 M cDill, James W. ........... 80, 93 Morton, Oliver H.P.T. ... 78, 128 Noble, John W. .................... 142 Pugsley. Jacob J .......................98 Riley, Ja c k ............................. 190

Ryan, M ichael C ..................... 75 Smith, James G ........................74 Stephenson, H.H., J r . .......... 189 Tintsman, Carl C ................... 192 Wilson, Joseph G .................... 90 M ich ig an Becker, George L ..................168 Griffin, Levi T..........................96 Hatcher, Harlan H .................192 Landrum, S herw o o d ........... 187 MacPhail, Leland S..............183 Newberry, John S ....................91 Poppleton, Andrew J ............168 Reeves, Henry A .................... 92 Smith, John M .C ...................105 M ich ig an S ta te Earl, Anthony S.....................138 M in n e s o ta Fawcett, Warren (S p ig )......... 88 Ray, John H............... ............ 112 M is s is s ip p i Candler, Ezekiel S., J r .........104 Henry, P a trick .......................106 Mabus, Raymond 139, 145, 163 Smith, F ra n k .................. 88, 116 Wheeless, Leon J .................. 151 Whitten, Jamie L. ... 46, 88, 114 M isso u ri Cowherd, William S. . 104, 169 Cravens, William B ............. 110 Crittenden, T.T., J r . ............ 169 Crowder, Enoch H...............158 Dawson, Donald S .............. 151 Hamilton, Milo F . ...............187 Hook, H aro ld S ....................179 Kem, James P .........................84 Kemp, William E ................. 170 Millard, Thomas F.F. ......... 180 Park, Guy B .......................... 134 Phelps, William C ................ 140 Rubey, Thomas L ....... 107, 140 Snow, Edgar P ..................... 186 Yeater, Charles E ................. 139 M o n m o u th Kinsey, William M .............. 101 N e b ra s k a Bradley, Gene E ...................174 Cunningham, H. Francis.... 166 Edwards, John ...................... 88 Holland. Robert C ............... 154 Karnes, David K .................... 87 Patterson, Richard C., J r .... 160

Wherry, Kenneth S......... 28, 85 N o rth C a ro lin a Barnett, Robert W ...............151 McLean, W illiam P ............. 96 Phinney, Robert H ............... 162 Pritchard, George M ........... 112 Reynolds, Robert R ....... 29, 84 N o rth D a k o ta Davis, John E ..... 137, 152, 171 N o rth w e s te rn Boutell, Henry S .........102, 158 Caquette, Brian J ................. 177 Dart, Justin W ..................... 150 Davis, Guy W....................... 174 Fetridge, W illiam C ............. 178 Gephardt, Richard A ........... 119 Grant, Harold W. ................ 150 Tacke, G e rd .......................... 167 O h io Baumhart, Albert D., J r ...... 114 Coggeshall, W illia m .......... 157 Hacker, Homer 0 .................188 McCormick, John W ............ 95 Schmidt. Michael Ja c k .......193 Sprague, W illiam E ............. 176

Packwood, Robert W ........... 87 Snell, Earl W ........................ 135 Wyatt, W e n d e ll............ 51, 115

Oregon State Borsting, Jack R ...................154 Odekoven, K-H. ..5 5 , 167, 194 Rasmussen, Boyd L ............ 152 Simms, Bennett T. .............. 148

Pennsylvania Ferree, John W .................... 185 Lindsay, Samuel M ............. 180 Penniman, William F., Jr.... 166 Riley, George W .................. 45 Ware, John H. I l l ................ 114 Wiley, George W ................... 45

Pennsylvania State Hetzel, Ralph Dâ&#x20AC;&#x17E; Jr.............152 Kirby, Robert E ....................188

Princeton Armstrong, W illiam H .......... 91

Purdue Abbett, Robert K ................. 189

Randolph-Macon Bradenbaugh, Abraham E .. 180

O h io S ta te Bellows, George W ............ 182 Clark, Thomas W ................ 191 Coulter, Ernest K ................. 181 Houghton, Henry S ............. 181 Kirk, W illiam T .......... 187, 194 Molton, Ted R ...................... 189

R ic h m o n d Holland, Edward E. ... 104, 169 Montague, Andrew J. 106,132 Pollard, John G .....................133

O h io W e s le y a n Brouse, M a cy A ................... 170 Comstock, Daniel W ............ 98 Dawson, W illiam W ........... 183 Elbert, Samuel H ................. 129 Evans, James C .................... 169 Pattison, John M ......... 101, 131

S t. L a w re n c e Brooks. Seth R .............. 88, 184 Pitfield, M ic h a e l........122, 141 Rider, Ira E ............................108 Romoda, J o e .......................... 88 Owen D. Y o u n g ........... 20, 181 Young, P h ilip ..............151, 161

O k la h o m a Kidd, Coburn B ................... 166 McCoy, Frank T . ................. 152 Synar, M ichael L ...........70, 120 Thompson, Lee. B ............... 194

S o u th D a k o ta Ackerman, W illiam J .......... 177 Cook, Charles W.................. 154 Ellefson, Eric J ..................... 140 Grigsby, John T ................... 140 Jensen, L e slie ....................... 137 Daniel S c h a e fe r.................. 118

O k la h o m a S ta te Allbaugh, Joe M .......... 69, 145 Joullian, Edward Câ&#x20AC;&#x17E; I I I ..... 178 Nickles, Donald L ..................87 O re g o n Borsting, Jack R .................. 154 Holden, Glen A .................... 162

R u tg e r s Hattori, Ich izo ..................... 131 Voorhees, Tracy S ................148

S o u th e r n C a lifo rn ia Smith, Stanley R .................. 192 Tevrizian, Dickran M., J r ... 191 S ta n f o rd Achilles, Thomas C ............. 161

Gregory, Thomas T............. 164 Halaby, Najeeb E .................152 Pigott, Charles M .................179 Teague, Charles M .............. 114

Seibels, George G.. J r ......... 172 Warner, John W ..... 62, 86, 145 Wise, John S ......................... 100

S te v e n s Miller, C arro ll..................... 146

Faulkner, Charles J .............. 80

S y ra c u se Davis, Darius (Dri) A ......... 174 Lady, Harold W ................... 151 Marvin, R o llan d B .............. 171 Noble, Edward J .................. 147

Plumley, Daniel R ............... 193

T exas Beall, James A .(Jack).........109 Cartwright, Herbert Y., J r ... 171 Ikard, F ra n k .................. 88, 115 Loeffler, Thomas G .............. 120 Owsley, Alvin M ..................160 Pickett, Thomas A ............... 114 Rae, Saul F ...........................156 Weaver, C lau d e................... 108 T o ro n to Monteith, J. Waldo ............ 121 Robinette, John J ................. 185 Robinson, William A. 121,171 Schram. John R .................... 156 Smith, Arnold C ................... 141 Sopinka, J o h n ...............66, 126 Sutherland. Robert F .......... 121 T ra n s y lv a n ia Brown, Benjamin 6, 27, 78, 129 Marshall, Humphrey .... 89, 157

Tulane Amoss, W.J., Jr.....................189 Boggs, Thomas H ......... 48, 115 Davidson, C. G irard........... 151 Wade, H .W ...........................183

Vanderbilt Byrns, Joseph W. . 18, 109. 110 Cruce, L e e ............................ 133 Davis, Walter N ................... 140 Stephenson, William A.F. .. 149 Summers, Maddin ..............165

Virginia Cocke, Lucian H .................. 169 Dillard, Hardy C .................. 185 Edmunds, Paul C ................... 96 Elliot, W illia m .......................97 Faulkner, Charles J ................80 Field, S cott........................... 100 Gibbs. B arnett..................... 139 Jones, B rereto n .......... 139, 140 Montague. Andrew J . . 106, 132

Virginia Military Institute Virginia Tech Wabash Andrew, Abram P. 109, 146, Breunia, Henry L .................

Coburn, J o h n .......................

Ferree, John W ....................

Frye, W illiam F., Jr..............

Goldsmith, Stephen ... 172, Landis, Charles B ................

Littell, Norman M ...............

Merrill, S am u el...................

Pierce, R .B .F .......................

Ristine. Richard O ...............

Stutesman. James F ............

Sullivan. Reginald H. 170,

181 174 90 185 151 173 106 149 164 99 140 158 173

Washington (Seattle) Fosseen, Neal R ................... 171 Geraghty, John V. (Ja c k ).... 172 Smith. M ichael G ................. 193

Washington in St. Louis Francis, David 131, 142, 157, 169 Glover, John M .................... 102

Washington and Jefferson Beaver, James A ................... 130 Blue, Richard W. ................ 99 Clark, R u sh .......................... 9?

Hoffman, Henry W ............. 90 Latham, Milton S ... 76. 89, 128 L ons, John D ........................ 146 Quay, Matthew S ...............7. 79 Wilson, Joseph R................. 75

Washington and Lee Crossen, David F.................

Lamar. Joseph R ......... 123, Tucker. Henry S ...................

Vinson, Fred J., Jr................

Warner, John W ..... 62, 86,

186 125 103 154 145

Wesleyan Bennet, M ichael R .................88 Brewer, David J ................... 124 Cotton, Norris H .... 86, 88, 114 Douglas, Charles G .............. 119 Edgerton, Alonzo J ................ 79 Elmer, W illiam T.................. 168 Galloway, George B ............ 183 Gordon, Donald C ............... 174 Newton, Clarence L ...............21 Granger, M iles T.................... 89 Willey, H iram ....................... 168 Wolcott, Joseph 0 ..................84

Western Ontario Haynes, Robert H ................ 190 Peterson, D a v id .................. 127 Schram, John R.................... 156

Western Reserve Campbell, Walter L ............. 169 Carman, R o b ert................... 183 Crosby, Charles N ............... I l l Disbro, Robert R ................. 190 Geist, Raymond H ............... 165 Harvey, Louis P ................... 128 Hoadly, G e o g e .................... 128 James, Richard T.................. 140 Paine, Halbert E ..................... 90 Townsend, H o sea .................. 99 Upson, W illiam H .................. 89 Woods, W illiam B ...... 123. 168

Westminster Sutherland, Howard 19, 82, 109

Whitman Davis, W illiam E ...................175 Douglas. W illiam .....21, 36, 126, 149 Ullman, Albert C. ...50, 88, 115

Willamette Hatfield, M ark 0 ....... 51, 58, 86 Packwood, Robert W. .... 51, 87 Smith, Dennis A .............51, 118

Wisconsin

Washington State Flansburg, A, D o u g la s....... 192 Gibson, Weldon B. (H o o t). 188 Merritt. Alfred D .................. 175

West Virginia Dodson. Elm er H .................

Farland, Joseph S ................

Lorentz, Pare .......................

Matthews, Henry M ............

Moore, Arch A., Jr...... 117. 138 Schambra, William P. ........ 185

172 161 185 129

Brown, Webster E ........102, 169 Fairbank, John K.................. 186 Farrington, Joseph R ............ 112 Gunderson, Steven C ........... 120 LaFollette, Philip F ............. 136 LaFollette, Robert M., Jr. 29, 85 M cGilton, Edward G ............ 140

Wooster Begg, James T ...................... I l l Davis. John K........................ 165 Lentz, John J ..........................104 Smith, Ira R.T........................ 181

Yale Buck, George S ..................... 170 Cooper, John S ................. 40, 86

Danaher, John A ............... 29, 85 Daniels, Paul C ..................... 160 Dunbaugh, Frank Mâ&#x20AC;&#x17E; Jr.. 33, 149 Mather, Philip R....................183 McConaughy, James L. 136, 140 Nelson, C. W illia m .......87, 120 Noble, Edward J ....................147 Ogilvie, Richard B ............... 137

Paul, Norman S..................... 153 Sholtz, D a v id ........................ 136 Taft, Charles P ...................... 170 W hipple. George H .............. 182 Yen. Y.C. Ja m e s ............ 34, 194 Zuckert, Eugene M ...............144

Others Bowie, P h y llis.......................195 Haugh, Janice ....................... 195

BETA ST A T E SM E N

ERRATA 06/2011

After a book is published, errors and omissions may be discovered. To date, the few updates that follow have been found in Beta Statesmen. Some are actual cor­ rections, while others are developments since the introduction of the book at the 2010 Beta Theta Pi General Convention in August 2010.

Inside front cover o f the dust jacket and vase 54 All references to the boycott of the Moscow Olympics by the U.S. in “1976” should be changed to “1980."

Table o f Contents (Featured Betas) The listing of “Owen D. Young” should read “St. Lawrence 1894.”

Page 88: MICHAEL F. BENNET (1964- ), WESLEYAN 1987 Senator from Colorado, 2009-17; Democrat Note his election November 2, 2010, to a full six-year term, ending in 2017.

Page 121: add listings for these ne'wlv elected members o f the Congress : DAVID B. McKINLEY (1947- ), PURDUE 1969 Born in Wheeling, W.V., Congressman McKinley is a Republican from West Virginia, 2011-13. He earned a civil engineering degree and founded McKinley and Associates architecture, engineering and interior design firm. He served in the Colorado legislature, 1982-92, and ran unsuccessfully for the GOP nomination for governor of West Virginia in 1996. He and his wife have four children.

JOSEPH (JOE) J. HECK, PENN STATE 1984 Born in Jamaica, N.Y., Congressman Heck is a Republican from Nevada, 201113. He earned a doctorate from Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine and served in the Nevada senate, 2004-07, and was majority whip in 2007. A Fellow in the American College of Osteopathic Emergency Physicians, he and his wife Lisa have three children.

ROBERT J. DOLD, JR., DENISON 1991 Born in Evanston, III., Congressman Dold is a Republican from Illinois, 2011-13.

He earned his law degree from Indiana University and an MBA from Northwestern.

Owner of Rose Pest Solutions, he was a counsel for the House Government Re­ form and Oversight Committee in Washington, DC, where he worked on campaign finance reform. He and his wife Danielle have three children.

PATRICK MEEHAN (1955-), BOWDOIN 1978 Born in Cheltenham, Pa., Congressman Meehan is a Republican from Pennsyl­ vania, 2011-13. He earned a B.A. from Bowdoin and a law degree from Temple Over

BETA STATESMEN

ERRATA 06/2011

University, practiced law; was an aide to Senator Arlen Specter, 1991-94; Delaware County (Pa.) district attorney, 1996-2001, and a U.S. attorney, 2001-08.

Page 137: add a listing f o r . . .

ABNER LINWOOD HOLTON, JR. (1921-) WASHINGTON AND LEE 1945 Governor o f Virginia, 1970-74; Republican A graduate of Harvard Law School, 1949, Gov. Holton ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the U.S. Senate in 1978. He practices corporate law and government relations and regulatory affairs with McCandlish Holton. He was presi­ dent of the Center for Innovative Tehchnology, 1988-94; chair of the Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority, 1986-92; a member of the Amtrak Board of Directors in 1998; vice president/general counsel of the American Council of Life Insurance, and Assistant Secretary of State for congressional relations for the Commonwealth of Virginia in1974.

Page 140: add listings fo r . . .

JOHN M. MUTZ, NORTHWESTERN 1957 Lt. Governor o f Indiana, 1981-89 A consultant and private investor, Lt. Gov. Mutz is chair emeritus of Lumina Foundation for Education, a billion-dollar private, charitable foundation. He was president of the Lilly Endowment, 1989-93, considered to be one of the five largest private foundations in America; was a member of the Indiana General Assembly for 13 years, including president of the Indiana Senate, and is a former columnist for the Indianapolis Business Journal and author of Fundraising for Dummies.

PETER D. KINDER (1954-), MISSOURI 1976 Lt. Governor o f Missouri, 2004-12; Republican After attending Southeast Missouri State University as well as the University of Missouri, Lt. Gov. Kinder earned his law degree from Saint Maryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s University (Texas) in 1979. He was a member of the state Senate, 1992-2004, and was president pro tempore, 2001-04. Associate publisher of the Southeast Missourian, 1967-2002, he has been active in the American Cancer Society, Missouri Farm Bureau, Nature Conservancy, United Way and a member of the Missouri Port Authority, 1986-92.

Also note on page 120\ Rep. John M. Spratt, Jr., Davidson 1964, lost his bid for reelection in 2010.

And on page 121: Rep. Zachary T. Space, Kenyon 1983, lost his reelection campaign in 2010.