04/2015
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14 K y r gy z s ta n Agriculture Finance Bulletin Government to Spend USD 30 Million on Introducing Drip Irrigation Otorbaev Instructs that Preparations Be Made to Implement the Agreement on Poland’s Grant of EUR 40 Million Farmers Receive Preferential Loans of KGS 1.1 Billion Sarpashev Discusses Creation of Cooperatives and Introduction of New Technologies
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Agriculture Finance Bulletin Edition #14, April 2015
Contents State Initiatives ........................................................................................................... 2 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)
Water Management Facilities 99% Ready for Irrigation ................................................................. 2 Government to Spend USD 30 Million on Introducing Drip Irrigation ............................................ 2 Area for Sowing Wheat Reduced by 27,000 ha in 2015 .................................................................. 2 State to Regulate Prices for Socially Important Goods ................................................................... 3 Ministry of Agriculture Discusses Adaptation to Climate Change in Bishkek ................................. 3 Kyrgyzstan and Russia to Expand Cooperation in Agrarian Sector.................................................. 3 Proposal to Lend to Farmers According to Their Land Plot ............................................................. 4
Foreign Aid ................................................................................................................. 4 8)
Kyrgyzstan to Receive Grant for Development and Study of Artificial Insemination of Farm Animals ............................................................................................................................................ 4 9) Parliament Approves Grant to Improve Pastures ........................................................................... 5 10) Otorbaev Instructs that Preparations Be Made to Implement the Agreement on Poland’s Grant of EUR 40 Million ............................................................................................................................. 5 11) EBRD and KICB Support Food Producer in City of Osh .................................................................... 5
Private Sector.............................................................................................................. 6 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22)
Farmers Receive Preferential Loans of KGS 1.1 Billion .................................................................... 6 Farmers’ Requirements for Fertilizers Can Only Be Partially Met ................................................... 6 Threat of Locust Migration from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan ........................................................... 6 Sarpashev Discusses Creation of Cooperatives and Introduction of New Technologies ................ 6 Kyrgyzstan Has Increased Numbers of Sheep, Cattle, and Horses .................................................. 7 Milk Production Has Decreased from Year to Year ......................................................................... 7 March Frosts Damage Crops ........................................................................................................... 8 Volumes of Agricultural Exports Remain at 2014 Levels ................................................................. 8 Volume of Microcredit Increases by 10.9% during 2014 ................................................................ 8 Flour Prices Remain Stable .............................................................................................................. 8 No Significant Rise in Meat Prices Expected after Entering EAEU................................................... 9
Note: The Agriculture Finance Bulletin presents a monthly roundup of headlines and news stories related to investments and financing flows to Kyrgyzstan’s agricultural sector. This bulletin is prepared by Business & Finance Consulting—a Swiss-based development finance consulting company with a long history of working in Kyrgyzstan. Currently, BFC is implementing the Agricultural Lending Programme for KfW. Read more » BFC Max-Högger-Strasse 6 CH-8048 Zurich, Switzerland
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State Initiatives 1)
Water Management Facilities 99% Ready for Irrigation
April 27th, 2015, http://kabar.kg/rus/society/full/92342
The Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation estimated that, as of April 24th 2015, public water facilities are 99% ready for vegetative irrigation. The preparation of the irrigation network included repairs to 393 km of channels, 1,168 hydro technical installations, 1,046 gauging stations, and 100 pumping stations, as well as the mechanical clearance of solid sediment from over 272.6 km of canals. The Ministry reported that irrigation facilities were ready for the growing season in the reservoirs of Kirov, Orto Tokoy, and Papan, and in water basin management organizations in Batken, Osh, Jalal-Abad, Chui, and Talas.
2)
Government to Spend USD 30 Million on Introducing Drip Irrigation
April 15th, 2015, http://www.vb.kg/doc/310298_na_vnedrenie_kapelnogo_orosheniia_v_kr_sobirautsia_potratit_30_millionov.html
During a speech on the promotion of irrigation technology, First Deputy Prime Minister Tayirbek Sarpashev announced the Government’s plan to spend USD 30 million on the introduction of drip irrigation in Kyrgyzstan. Sarpashev said that project was already being implemented in some areas: "In the Kemin district of the Chui region, for example, the installation of drip irrigation systems over an area of 400 ha has already begun. Similar projects have been initiated over 300 ha in the Kara-Suu district (in the Osh region) and over 10,000 ha of the Kadamjai Batken region. This irrigation method preserves the soil structure, eliminates the possibility of water erosion, and increases productivity. In general, our plan is to invest at least USD 30 million on the introduction of drip irrigation alone". Minister of Agriculture Taalaibek Aidaraliev noted that, at the instruction of Sarpashev, a center for innovative technologies in the agricultural sector had been opened. According to him, one of the main activities of the center will be to spread the drip irrigation method. Sarpashev instructed the Minister to make proposals to raise the status of the center. In 2014 the country used drip irrigation systems over an area of 140 ha. In 2015 the Government plans to increase the area of land fed by drip irrigation into thousands of acres.
3)
Area for Sowing Wheat Reduced by 27,000 ha in 2015
April 15th, 2015, http://novosti.kg/2015/04/v-etom-godu-ploshhadi-poseva-pshenitsy-sokratyat-na-27-tysyach-gektarov/
Zhigitaly Zhumaliev, head of the farming department in the Ministry of Agriculture, announced plans to sow wheat seed on 315,000 ha of land. The official explained that in recent years it has become more profitable to import wheat, rather than growing it locally. In addition, he added that the opening of the borders will make it possible to import cheaper products, including wheat from Russia and Kazakhstan. Zhumaliev added that the area for fodder crops would be increased as a result.
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4)
State to Regulate Prices for Socially Important Goods
April 13th, 2015, http://novosti.kg/2015/04/gosudarstvo-budet-regulirovat-tseny-na-sotsialno-znachimye-tovary/
The state will regulate prices for socially important goods after the accession of Kyrgyzstan to the EAEU. The government intends to regulate the prices of food, as well as petroleum products, coal and gas, if they grow more than 20% during a month. The Ministry of Agriculture will be responsible for monitoring food prices. Local administrations, including the mayor's offices in Osh and Bishkek, will also monitor the situation on the markets.
5)
Ministry of Agriculture Discusses Adaptation to Climate Change in Bishkek
April 7th, 2015, http://www.vb.kg/doc/309227_v_bishkeke_obsydili_adaptaciu_selskogo_hoziaystva_k_izmeneniiam_klimata.html
The Coordinating Council for the Sustainable Management and Efficient Use of Pastures in Kyrgyzstan held a meeting earlier this month in Bishkek, the Ministry of Agriculture reported. The Council discussed a number of issues, including ways to improve legislation governing the management and use of pastures. Another issue discussed was agricultural adaptation to climate change. Due to extreme weather conditions during the winter of 2011-2012, considerable damage was caused to Kyrgyz livestock. Around 47,000 animals were killed or had to be slaughtered in the wake of weather disruption, and the damage amounted to more than KGS 380 million. Sharshenbek Ismailov, head of the Department for the Development of Cooperation and Science at the Ministry of Agriculture, presented a draft program for climate change adaptation. He noted that climate change will lead to an increase in temperature and a decrease in water availability and, possibly, drought conditions. "All of these changes will affect crop yields”, Ismailov said. “The increase in the world’s population by 2050 will make it harder to secure food supplies. It is therefore necessary to begin protecting water resources now, and to use water-saving technology—drip irrigation, cultivation of drought-resistant varieties of crops such as sorghum, safflower, etc". Recent climactic changes in Kyrgyzstan are unfavourable to agriculture, particularly in the plains of the Chui, Osh, and Batken regions. These can expect water shortages, lower yields, and soil degradation. In mountainous areas climate change will bring more favourable results, as conditions will be created for the cultivation of heat-loving crops. Climate change will also reduce the forage base for livestock, and will increase the incidence of illness among farm animals, affecting productivity. According to Ismailov, the air temperature has increased considerably over the last 100 years, reducing the amount of precipitation. "A major cause of climate change is the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In order to reduce emissions, it is necessary to build a biogas plant for recycling. The result would be a highly efficient gas and bio-fertilizer".
6)
Kyrgyzstan and Russia to Expand Cooperation in Agrarian Sector
April 1st, 2015, http://www.vb.kg/doc/308572_kyrgyzstan_rasshirit_sotrydnichestvo_s_rossiey_v_agrarnoy_sfere.html
In 2015 the Kyrgyz Ministry of Agriculture and Russia intend to take further steps to strengthen mutually beneficial agricultural cooperation. The agricultural department of the Russian Federation reported that the countries will develop partnerships in areas such as animal husbandry, crop production, mechanization, and the automation of agricultural production.
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In addition, there are plans to share best practice techniques, business technologies, agribusiness, research institutions and other organizations, as well as to strengthen cooperation in the field of exhibitions, agricultural education, and training. Russia is also considering the possibility of providing humanitarian assistance to Kyrgyzstan in the form of wheat supplies, vegetable oil, canned meat and fish, and condensed milk. Documents are also in preparation to promote cooperation in the veterinary and phytosanitary sectors. These will lead to the creation of a State Inspectorate for sanitary, veterinary and phytosanitary safety under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic and the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance of the Russian Federation. They will cooperate in preventing the spread of animal diseases and plant pests. Russian experts will help Kyrgyz colleagues to assimilate the principles of international accreditation in the field of veterinary medicine.
7)
Proposal to Lend to Farmers According to Their Land Plot
March 30th, 2015, http://www.vb.kg/doc/308207_depytat_predlojil_vydavat_kredity_fermeram_pri_nalichii_zemelnogo_ychastka.html
On the 30th March, at a meeting of the parliamentary agricultural committee of the Ar-Namys Party, Talantbek Uzakbaev proposed that preferential loans should only be issued to farmers who own land. He suggested that the government should introduce a rule according to which the amount of preferential loans depends on the area of land available to the farmer, since some farmers take credits but use them for other purposes. Read More Âť
Foreign Aid 8)
Kyrgyzstan to Receive Grant for Development and Study of Artificial Insemination of Farm Animals
April 27th, 2015, http://www.agro.kg/ru/news/6655/
Kyrgyzstan will receive a grant for the development and study of the artificial insemination of farm animals. This was announced by Janybek Kerimaliev, Deputy Minister of Agriculture, at a meeting of the Committee on Agricultural Policy, Water Resources, Environment, and Regional Development. Kerimaliev presented a draft memorandum on the project, which is supported by Kyrgyzstan, Indonesia, the Islamic Development Bank, the Singosari National Artificial Insemination Centre, and the Kyrgyz Research Institute of Livestock and Grazing. He stated that the grant of USD 1.37 million will mainly be used to increase the knowledge of Kyrgyz specialists, improve laboratory facilities, and purchase equipment. He added that Kyrgyzstan will also make financial contributions to the project of USD 123,000, the sum was included in the 2015 budget.
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9)
Parliament Approves Grant to Improve Pastures
April 15th, 2015, http://www.vb.kg/doc/310276_depytaty_odobrili_polychenie_granta_na_ylychshenie_pastbish.html
On April 15th, parliament approved the financing of the project "Improving Pasture Management and Animal Husbandry" supported by Kyrgyzstan and the International Development Association (IDA), signed on December 10, 2014 in Bishkek. According to the document, the IDA intends to allocate USD 15 million to the project, at the request of the Kyrgyz Republic. Implementation is scheduled to begin in mid-2015. The project describes its aims as "to improve community pasture management and animal husbandry by increasing the quality of services provided by pasture associations and executive bodies (including both committees and private veterinary services for local communities)." The project should support 140 pasture unions, 420 private veterinarians, and 48 veterinary faculty graduates in the Chui and Talas regions, inter alia by providing sub-grants and equipment.
10) Otorbaev Instructs that Preparations Be Made to Implement the Agreement on Poland’s Grant of EUR 40 Million April 15th, 2015, http://kabar.kg/eng/economics/full/12736
Prime Minister Djoomart Otorbaev held a meeting on the approval and implementation of the agreement according to which the Polish Government will provide a loan of EUR 40 million to Kyrgyzstan for 25 years at 0.15% per annum with a grace period of 5 years. The loan is intended to help develop Kyrgyz agriculture. The Agreement provides for the construction of food laboratories, as well as the purchase of agricultural machinery and equipment for processing agricultural products, with the subsequent transfer of machinery and equipment to the farmer. Following the meeting, the Prime Minister instructed that the process of forming an official agreement between Poland and Kyrgyzstan should begin.
11) EBRD and KICB Support Food Producer in City of Osh April 4th, 2015, http://kabar.kg/eng/economics/full/12633
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is continuing its support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Kyrgyz Republic through partnerships with local banks. Food producer Shirin-Sulaiman is the latest firm to benefit from the EBRD’s Medium-Sized Co-Financing Facility supporting medium-sized businesses. The Facility allows local partner banks to lend more to such companies by sharing risk with the EBRD, an arrangement that makes loans more attractive for borrowers. The Kyrgyz Investment and Credit Bank (KICB) and the EBRD are providing a financing package of USD 1 million to Shirin-Sulaiman, a biscuit and cake producer in the southern city of Osh, as part of the EBRD’s aim to boost support for agribusiness SMEs in southern areas of the Kyrgyz Republic. Shirin-Sulaiman is a leading player in the local biscuit sector, with a 30% share of the market in the Osh and Jalal-Abad regions. The majority of staff employed is women from the area. The loan will be used to modernize production facilities, resulting in improvements of health and safety standards. To date, the EBRD has invested about EUR 572 million in the Kyrgyz economy. The EBRD’s key priorities in the Kyrgyz Republic are to support SMEs and to deepen its presence in the regions, according to a new strategy approved in February 2015. Page 5
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Private Sector 12) Farmers Receive Preferential Loans of KGS 1.1 Billion April 30th, 2015, http://www.agro.kg/ru/news/6688/
Farmers in Kyrgyzstan received preferential loans of KGS 1.1 billion, the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation reported. The Ministry announced that 3,135 loans were issued on favorable terms. 561 loans were issued for the development of crops, amounting to KGS 150.6 million; 2,561 loans were issued for livestock, totaling KGS 942.5 million; 13 loans were issued for processing, seed production, breeding, and agricultural cooperatives, totaling KGS 21.8 million. Residents of the Chui region received the most loans (KGS 232.5 million), followed by the regions of Osh (with KGS 222.6 million) and Jalal-Abad (with KGS 213.1 millions). Farmers of the Talas region received the least loans (with KGS 92.7 millions).
13) Farmers’ Requirements for Fertilizers Can Only Be Partially Met April 23rd, 2015, http://novosti.kg/2015/04/fermery-kyrgyzstana-obespecheny-udobreniyami-na-30-protsentov/
Farmers' requirements for fertilizers can be partially covered, the Head of the Department of chemicals and plant protection, Arstanbek Akmatov, announced. He noted that 65,000 tons of nitrogen fertilizer was imported from Kazakhstan and Russia. The total demand of farmers in mineral mixtures is 150,000 tons. However, Akmatov also stated that fertilizers are not currently in high demand, due to the recent frosts.
14) Threat of Locust Migration from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan April 22nd, 2015, http://novosti.kg/2015/04/v-etom-godu-est-ugroza-migratsii-saranchi-iz-tadzhikistana-i-uzbekistana-v-nashustranu-2/; http://novosti.kg/2015/04/spetsialisty-pristupili-k-obrabotke-polej-ot-saranchi/
According to the deputy director of the Department of Chemicals and Plant Protection, Vladimir Pak, there is a possibility that locusts will migrate into Kyrgyzstan this year from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. He noted that locust larvae have been found in the Fergana, Namangan, and Andijan regions. Pak stated that, local farmers and their Uzbek colleagues would begin processing chemicals in border areas in early May. Meanwhile, specialists have begun treating some fields for locusts, since larvae were found on 6 acres in the Aksy and Nooken districts of Jalal-Abad. Read More »
15) Sarpashev Discusses Creation of Cooperatives and Introduction of New Technologies April 22nd, 2015, http://kyrtag.kg/news/sarpashev-obsudil-s-fermerami-sozdanie-kooperativov-i-vnedrenie-novykhselkhoztekhnologiy/
In a meeting between First Vice Prime Minister Tayirbek Sarpashev and Kyrgyz farmers, participants discussed the establishment of cooperatives and the introduction of new agricultural technologies, the Government’s press service reported. Sarpashev stressed that state-owned banks have "sufficient funds dedicated to agriculture", and made a proposal for the establishment of cooperatives, in which special emphasis will be placed on running households using up-to-date technology. Page 6
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"A good platform for innovative agricultural technologies is the upcoming 3rd International Exhibition "Ail-Agro", on May 20-22”, Sarpashev said, “Based on the results of partnership meetings held in the framework of last year's event, Kyrgyz farmers have concluded about a hundred contracts with foreign companies for the supply of modern equipment and technical support of agricultural work”. Participants also discussed the proposed installation of drip irrigation systems and the construction of large greenhouses. The implementation of a project for the construction of greenhouses has already begun. "As part of Kyrgyzstan's entry into the Eurasian Economic Union we have to upgrade technical plant in the agricultural sector quickly and efficiently ", Sarpashev said.
16) Kyrgyzstan Has Increased Numbers of Sheep, Cattle, and Horses April 21st, 2015, http://kyrtag.kg/news/v-kyrgyzstane-vyroslo-pogolove-ovets-krs-i-loshadey-minselkhoz/
Kyrgyzstan has more sheep, cattle, and horses, but fewer pigs, said Jumabek Mambetaliyev, Acting Head of Livestock Policy and Research at the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. "By the end of 2014 cattle numbers had increased by 3.9%, from 1,404,000 to 1,458,000. The number of sheep and goats increased by 187,800 to 5,641,000 (an increase of 3.3%). The number of horses increased by 25,500 (or 6.6%) to almost 433,000 ", Mambetaliyev reported. By contrast, he noted that the number of pigs decreased by 1,000 to 50,700, due to lower interest for pork. Mambetaliyev explained these statistics: "Usually the animal population increases yearly by 2-3%, but this year the rate is higher for several reasons. First, farmers are preparing to join the EAEU. Secondly, preferential loans have played an important role. Last year, for example, more than KGS 5 billion were issued, of which 78% went to livestock.” These figures are to be seen in the context of the Kazakh and Russian ban on the importation of animal products from Kyrgyzstan.
17) Milk Production Has Decreased from Year to Year April 20th, 2015, http://kyrtag.kg/news/v-kyrgyzstane-iz-goda-v-god-snizhayutsya-nadoi-moloka/
Milk production has decreased from year to year, said Jumabek Mambetaliyev, Acting Head of Livestock Policy and Research at the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. "Productivity has dropped”, Mambetaliyev stated “In 2013, for example, the average milk yield per cow was 2,011 litres, whereas in 2014 it was only 2,009 litres. Prior to this, however, the yearly decline was 5-10 litres”. He noted that much work is currently being carried out to improve the herd breeds. "We hope that by the end of this year milk production will rise", he concluded.
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18) March Frosts Damage Crops April 20th, 2015, http://novosti.kg/2015/04/bolee-semisot-millionov-somov-sostavil-ushherb-v-rezultate-zamorozkov/; http://www.kabar.kg/rus/society/full/92103; http://www.vb.kg/doc/309277_ysherb_djalal_abadskoy_oblasti_ot_zamorozkov_ocenili_v_585_mln_somov.html
According to Ministry of Agriculture, frosts and snows on the 29-31 March hit 8,300 ha of fruit and berries, over 120 ha of vegetables and 99 ha of melons. The resulting damage adds up to more than KGS 700 million, and spoiled about 30% of the wheat and barley crops. The crops which suffered the most damage were tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, cabbage, potatoes, melons, peaches, apricots, and nuts. Losses to farmers in Jalal-Abad region amounted to KGS 58.5 million. Great damage was also suffered in the Bazar-Korgon district, where an estimated KGS 28.7 million of produce was lost. Loss in other areas is estimated as follows: Nooken district: KGS 14.6 million, Aksy: KGS 4.7 million, Ala-Buka: KGS 5.9 million, Suzak: KGS 4.5 million. In the Jalal-Abad region fruit plantations, vegetables, and melons were affected. In the Batken region, fruit trees suffered greatest damage, particularly apricot. In the Chui region blooming fruit trees suffered, and spring crops perished (perennial grasses, barley, and vegetables). Read More »
19) Volumes of Agricultural Exports Remain at 2014 Levels April 14th, 2015, http://novosti.kg/2015/04/obemy-eksporta-selhozproduktsii-sohranyatsya-na-urovne-proshlogo-goda/
Agricultural exports will remain at the same level as last year, said Taalaibek Bektashev, Head of Trade Policy of the Ministry of Economy. He said that, farmers’ efforts to increase exports will not be successful, due to the destruction caused by March frosts. Bektashev added that last year Kyrgyzstan earned more than USD 1.8 billion on exports of agricultural products to the EAEU countries.
20) Volume of Microcredit Increases by 10.9% during 2014 April 8th, 2015, http://www.vb.kg/doc/309419_obem_mikrokreditovaniia_v_kyrgyzstane_vyros_na_109_za_proshlyy_god.html
The volume of microcredits in Kyrgyzstan in 2014 reached KGS 30.5 billion, which represents an increase of 10.9%. Over the same period recoveries of microcredit decreased from 95.6% to 94.4%, according to data on the website of the National Statistics Committee. In all, 456,587 people received loans. The largest volume of microcredit came in agriculture: 47.8% of the total, or KGS 14.58 billion. The trade and catering sectors were next (21.3%, or KGS 6 billion) followed by consumer loans (15.1%, or KGS 4.6 billion). Over the country as a whole, loans averaged KGS 66,851. At a regional level, the average loan size was highest In Bishkek (KGS 91,311) and lowest in the Osh region (KGS 58,375). Read More »
21) Flour Prices Remain Stable April 7th, 2015, http://kyrtag.kg/news/v-kyrgyzstane-v-marte-sokhranyayutsya-stabilnye-tseny-na-muku-/; http://www.vb.kg/doc/308918_eksperty_rasskazali_o_slojnostiah_kontrolia_vvoza_neobogashennoy_myki_v_ts.html
In Kyrgyzstan, flour prices have remained stable over the past month, Keneshbay Tailakov, Deputy Director of the State Agency of Anti-trust Regulation, announced. "At the moment there is no monopoly on the flour market, so prices are formed in market conditions. However, in order to avoid artificial and unjustified price increases the competition authority is holding Page 8
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a weekly monitoring of prices. Latest trends shows that, from March 1st to April 7th, flour prices have remained at a stable level ", Tailakov said. He noted that, at the beginning of March, the average cost of premium quality flour across the country was 30.75 soms per kg, and about a month later it was still at a comparable level (30.88 soms per kg). "In the markets of Kyrgyzstan we have locally-produced flour as well as flour imported from Kazakhstan. The volume of flour available satisfies the needs of our domestic market. Prices vary according to market mechanisms: if there is little flour on the market, prices rise; if there is a lot, prices fall. Nevertheless, we will continue to monitor prices to avoid spikes. If unjustified price increases are found, appropriate measures will be taken", Tailakov said. It is to be noted that Head of Food Security and Marketing Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Jumabek Asylbekov, has said that, with the entry of Kyrgyzstan in the Customs Union and the EAEU, protective measures relating to imported Kazakh flour are to be cancelled. It is expected that a large amount of flour from the neighbouring republic will arrive in the country. Reports suggest that, at present, 58% of flour sold on the market is Kazakh flour, while local producers provide only 41%. Read More »
22) No Significant Rise in Meat Prices Expected after Entering EAEU March 30th, 2015, http://www.vb.kg/doc/308286_ekspert:_syshestvennogo_podorojaniia_miasa_posle_vhojdeniia_v_eaes_ne_ojidaetsia.html
A substantial rise in meat prices is not expected after Kyrgyzstan enters the EAEU, said Berdimamat Adanbaev, Head of Technical Regulation and Metrology of the Ministry of Economy. He stressed that the price of meat, as well as of many other products, is regulated by market demand rather than state agencies. "Until now, a ban on the importation of meat from Kyrgyzstan has been in operation in Kazakhstan and Russia, which was introduced in 2007. Therefore there is no reason to expect a significant rise in the price of meat after the country enters the EAEU”, Adanbaev said. “Currently the country possesses one accredited veterinary laboratory in line with international standards." Adanbaev added that if, at some point in the future, no adverse effects have been observed within Kyrgyzstan, then the possibility of lifting restrictions on meat supply could be discussed. In his view, however, it is still far too early to begin discussing such measures at this stage.
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Prepared by Business & Finance Consulting (BFC) www.bfconsulting.com In this bulletin, BFC provides extracts from articles that have been published by others and as a result cannot be held responsible for such content. The articles do not necessarily reflect the opinions of BFC, its staff, its associates or its partners. Copyright of articles is retained by their authors.