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F or e wa r d Br i a nGr os sF i neAr ti spr oudt opr e s e ntL e oVal l e dor : T heE as t We s tS e r i e s1 9 6 8 7 1 . T he s e i mpor t a ntwor k swe r epa i nt e dbyVa l l e dori mme di a t e l yuponhi sr e t ur nf r omNe wY or k , whe r ehel i v e df r om1 9 6 1t o1 9 6 8 , a ndwhe r ehewa saf oundi ngme mbe roft hehi s t or i c P a r kPl a c eGa l l e r y . T hi ss e r i e swa si ns t a r kc ont r a s tt ot hec ompos iona l l yc ompl e xwor k s hema dedur i ngt hos ee a r l i e ry e a r s , a ndi twa si ns pi r e dbyt hef r e s hpe r s pe cv eof r e t ur ni nghomet ot heBa ya r e aa ndi t suni queh y br i dofe a s t e r na ndwe s t e r ns e ns i bi l ie s . T heE as t We s tS e r i e swa se x hi bi t e da tt heS a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofAr ti n1 9 7 1a ndt he S a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut ei n1 9 7 1 7 2 . T he s epa i n ng sr e pr e s e nta ni mpor t a nts t e pi nt he e v ol u onofL e oVa l l e dor ’ swor k . Hi sus eofbr oa dc ol ora r e a swi t ht hes ubt l ehi nt sof pe r s pe cv ei nt he s es ha pe dc a n v a s e swa st hebe g i nni ngofhi se x pl or i ngc ol ora sas paa l , i l l us i oni scde v i c e . Va l l e dorwa st hefir s tP os t wa rAme r i c a npa i nt e rt ous ec ol ori nt hi s wa y . AsVa l l e dors t a t e da boutt he s ewor k s : “ As i def r ombe i ngmya r t , t heE as t We s tS e r i e si s a l s oas e a r c hf oraf or mt ha twoul de mpha s i z et heop c a l , f r ont a l l ye x pa ndi ngqua l ie sof c ol or( s pa c e ) . ”1 F ol l owi ngt he s ewor k s ,Va l l e dorl a unc he di nt owha twa st obe c omehi ss i g na t ur ewor kof t he1 9 7 0 sa nd8 0 s , mulpa ne l pa i n ng sofbr i l l i a ntc ol ora ndl a r g e s c a l eg e ome t r i e s . Va l l e dor ’ se x pl or aonofs c a l ea ndt hec ol orfie l di nt heE as t We s tS e r i e swa st hes t e ppi ng s t onet ha tl e dt ot ha ti mpor t a ntde v e l opme nt . I nt hi sc a t a l ogofoure x hi bion, weha v ei nc l ude dt woa r c hi v a l doc ume nt st ha ta r es i g ni fic a nti nt hea na l y s i soft heE as t We s tS e r i e s . F i r s ti sGe r a l dNor dl a nd’ si nt r oduc t or ye s s a y f r omt hebr oc hur epubl i s he dont heoc c a s i onoft heS a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofAr t ’ s e x hi bionoft he s ewor k s . S e c ondl y , weha v ei nc l ude dDe a nF l e mi ng’ si l l umi nang1 9 8 1 i nt e r v i e wofVa l l e dori nt hea r tj our na l , Oc ul ar . I ti si nt e r e sngt or e a dhowt hemus e um di r e c t ora ndt hea rs tdi ffe r e di nhowt he yv i e we dt he s epa i n ng s . T hi se x hi biona ndc a t a l ogwoul dnotha v ebe e npos s i bl ewi t houtt hehe l pofot he r s . We t ha nkS F MOMAa ndi t sAr c hi v i s t / Re c or dsMa na g e r , P e g g yT r a nL e , f orma k i ngt he Nor dl a nde s s a ya v a i l a bl et ous . De a nF l e mi ng , ac l os ef r i e ndofVa l l e dor ’ sa ndf e l l owP a r k Pl a c ea rs t , g e ne r ous l yg a v euspe r mi s s i ont ous ehi si nt e r v i e w. I a mg r a t e f ul t oGr e g F l ood, ourAs s oc i a t eDi r e c t or , f orhi sma s t e r f ul a s s e mbl yoft hi sc a t a l oga ndf ora l l oft he a dmi ni s t r av et a s k sr e l a t e dt omoun ngoure x hi bion. F i na l l y , I woul dl i k et oe x t e ndmy pe r s ona l t ha nk st oMa r yVa l l e dora ndRi oRoc k e tVa l l e dor , wi dowa nds onoft hea rs t , whoha v ee nt r us t e duswi t ht he s ee x t r a or di na r ypa i n ng sa ndha v ema det he ma v a i l a bl e f ort hewor l dt oe nj oy . Br i a nGr os s Nov e mbe r2 0 2 0
1
Va l l e dor , L e o. L e oVal l e dor / S e l e c t e dP ai n ngs / E as tWe s tS e r i e s ; E x hi bionbr oc hur e . S a nF r a nc i s c oAr t I nst ut e , 1 9 7 1 .
L e oVa l l e dor E a s t We s tS e r i e s Aug us t6–S e pt e mbe r5 , 1 9 7 1 S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofAr t L e oVa l l e dorhe l danumbe rofone ma ns howsi nS a nF r a nc i s c oi nt hel a t e1 9 5 0 ’ s .Att ha t mehi spa i n ng sde v e l ope df r omac a l l i g r a phi cg e s t ur ei nt oa bs t r a c twe bsofl i g ht .I n 1 9 6 2hemov e dt oNe wY or kCi t ya ndbe g a nwor k i ngi nas y mme t r i c a l , ha r de dg e ds t y l e , a s s oc i anghi ms e l fwi t ht heP a r kPl a c eGr oup, i nc l udi ngdi S uv e r o , My e r s , Gr os v e nor , F or a k i s , a ndRuda .Dur i ng1 9 6 3 6 4hee x pl or e dt hepos s i bi l ie si nc ount e r pos i ng c ompl e me nt a r yc ol or swi t ha n“ op c a l ”a t ude .I nt hey e a r s1 9 6 5 6 6hewor k e dwi t h z i g z a gf or msi nc l os e dv a l ue dc ol or swhi c ht e nde dt obl uri nt hee y e .S oont hewor k c ha ng e si nt os ha pe dc a n v a s e sa ndhee x t e nde dt hes pa ni nwhi c ht woc ol or sc oul di nt e r a c t wi t hv a r y i ngpr oporonsofc ol ore s t a bl i s he dbyi nt e r l oc k i ngt r i a ng l e s . Va l l e dorr e f e r st ot hewor kdonei nS a nF r a nc i s c os i nc ehi sr e t ur ni n1 9 6 8a shi s“ E a s t We s t S e r i e s . ”T ha tt l ei si nt e nde dt oe mbr a c ehi sf e e l i ng sofbr i ng i ngt og e t he rt hei nflue nc e s heha sf e l tonbot hU. S . c oa s t sa nda l s ohi ss e ns eofbe i ngofPhi l i ppi neor i g i n. Va l l e dorr e c a l l sa ne a r l ya dmi r aonf ort hewor kofMa r kRot hk oa ndhi sl umi nousc ol or fie l ds .I nmor er e c e nty e a r sheha sc omet ohol dAdRe i nha r dti nhi g hr e g a r df ort he i nt e ns i t ya ndc onc e nt r aont ha thi swor ke x pr e s s e s . S i nc ehi sr e t ur nt oS a nF r a nc i s c oVa l l e dorha ss e l domhe l dpubl i cs howi ng sofhi swor k be c a us eheha sbe e nmov i ngi nt hene ws e r i e st owa r da ne x t r e mea ndr e ducv e s t a t e me nt .Heha sbe e ns e a r c hi ngf oras ha pedi ffe r e ntf r omt hes qua r eorr e c t a ng l et ha t c on nue dhi se a r l yf e e l i ng sr e g a r di ngs y mme t r y .T het ondof or ma ndt hene wl y de v e l ope dt r a pe z oi da l f or mha v es e r v e da ss ol u ons .T hel ae rs ha pe sde r i v e df r om dr a wi ng swhi c hhef oundi nc r e a s i ng l ya bs or bi ng .Heha st hef e e l i ngofi l l us i oni sc ppi ng , a si nt her e c e di nga ppe a r a nc eofas t r e e t , whe nhes t udi e st he s et r a pe z oi da l c a n v a s e s . S i nc e1 9 6 7Va l l e dorha sbe e ns e a r c hi ngf oramor ee mpt y , l e s se v e n ul i ma g e r y , wi t ha “ mi ndl e s s ”obj e cv i t ya bouti t .S ur e l yhi sc ol ors e ns ei smor es ophi sc a t e da nds ubt l e t ha ni ne a r l i e ry e a r s .Wha tma ya ppe a rt obet wowhi t e , t wobl a c k , ort wo“ c a n v a s ”
c ol or e dwor k s , pr ov eonc l os e rc ompa r i s ont obev e r ydi ffe r e nta nddi snc tmonoc hr ome pa i n ng swi t hdi sncv ebr us hwor k , bor de r i ng sa nds e ns aonsoft hepa i ntme di um.Hi s wor ki se s s e na l l ye v oc av e , r oma nc , a nde v e nf a t e f ul l ymy sc a l .Va l l e dorha sc omet o r e a dZ e n, Conf uc i a n, a ndT a oi s tphi l os oph y , buthi sr e a di nga ndt hi nk i ngdi dnotdi r e c thi s pa i n ng .Ra t he r , t hewa yhi spa i n ngwa sg oi ngl e dhi mt owa ntt ol ooki nt ophi l os ophi c di r e conswhi c hhef e l twe r ec onfir mi ngt ohi swor k .Hes e e sade t a c hme nti nt hewor k a ndhehope si twi l l i n v i t ec ont e mpl aon. Va l l e dori st r a c i nghi spa t h, i nsncv e l y , i nt uiv e l y , wi t houtpr og r a morr i g i ddi s c i pl i ne e x pl or i ngmonoc hr omacpa i n ng .Hefindst heus eofaf r a mi nge l e me nti mpor t a ntt o t hee s t a bl i s hme ntofs c a l ea ndt ohi se mpha s i sont hes ha peoft hes uppor t .T hei nc i de nt a l dr i psa ndpa ra l s t r ok e sa l ongt hef r a mi ngbor de ra r ehi sonl yc onc e s s i ont oi nc i de nt , a nd i tde v e l opse ffor t l e s s l ya ndj us tt hewa yhewa nt si twi t houtpr e c i os i t y . I nt hewor k sof1 9 7 0a ndl a t e rVa l l e dorha sputa ni nc r e a s i nge mpha s i sonpa i n ngwi t ha ba r e l yt one da c r y l i cme di umwhi c hpr oduc e sa“ c ol or l e s s ”monoc hr omewhi c ht a k e s a dv a nt a g eoft hea ppe a r a nc eor i g i na l c a n v a sc ol ora ndt e x t ur e .I nt hel a s tfi e e ny e a r s monoc hr omeha sbe e nr e e v a l ua t e di nt hel i g htofmi ni ma l a r ta ndt hea c hi e v e me nt sof Kl e i n, Ma r de n, T c ha k a l i a n, a ndRy ma n.I ts e e msc l e a ra tt hi swr ingt ha tmonoc hr ome pa i n ngi soneoft hepos s i bi l ie swhi c ha rs t sfindope ne nde di npa i n ngt oda y .Our e y e sha v ebe c omea c c us t ome dt ot hemonoc hr omeda r k ne s sa nds ubt l ee sofl i g hta nd c ol or , s ur f a c ei nfle consa ndt hes ha peoft hes uppor twhi c ha r ebe i nga s k e dt oc a r r yt he whol ewe i g htofc ommuni c aon.Whi l ewequi c k l yr e c og ni z eabr oa dr e j e cona nd r e s t r i conofme a ns , Va l l e dors howsust he r ei ssl l a ne x t r a or di na r yv a r i e t ya ndr a ng eof pos s i bi l ie sa v a i l a bl ewi t hi nt hi sne wc on v e n on. Ge r a l dNor dl a nd Di r e c t or1
1
Nor dl a nd, Ge r a l d. L e oVa l l e dor : E a s t We s tS e r i e s ; E x hi bionbr oc hur e . S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofAr t , 1 9 7 1 . Ge r a l dNor dl a nd( 1 9 2 7 2 0 1 9 )wa sDi r e c t oroft heS a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofAr t( nowS F MOMA)f r om 1 9 6 6 1 9 7 3 .
Ulma t e l e s s , 1 9 7 1 a c r y l i conc a n v a s , 90x60i nc he s
Go l d e nGa t eWa y s , 1 9 7 1 a c r y l i ca ndoi l onc a n v a s , 9 6x60i nc he s
Gh o s tRi n g , 1 9 68 a c r y l i conc a n v a s , 60i nc he sdi a me t e r
E x i t , 1 9 7 0 a c r y l i conc a n v a s , 90x4 2i nc he s
I n v i t ao n , 1 9 7 0 a c r y l i conc a n v a s , 3 6x9 6i nc he s
NoBoog i e , 1 9 6 9 a c r y l i ca ndoi l onc a n v a s , 90x60i nc he s
UpAg a i n s tt h eWa l l , 1 9 7 1 a c r y l i conc a n v a s , 9 6x60i nc he s
T h eBl e s s i n g , 1 9 7 0 a c r y l i ca ndoi l onc a n v a s , 60i nc he sdi a me t e r
De s i r e , 1 9 7 1 a c r y l i conc a n v a s , 9 6x60i nc he s
I nt e r v i e w: L e oVa l l e dor F a l l , 1 9 8 1
ByDe a nF l e mi ng L e oVa l l e dori sa“ De pr e s s i onBa by ”bor ni nS a nF r a nc i s c oofPhi l i ppi nehe r i t a g e .A r e ma r k a bl et a l e nt , her e c e i v e das c hol a r s hi pt ot heCa l i f or ni aS c hool ofF i neAr t s , nowt he S a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut e , a tt het e nde ra g eofs e v e nt e e na ndbe g a nhi si l l us t r i ousc a r e e r a sa na bs t r a c tpa i nt e r .I tha sa l wa y sbe e nL e o’ sk a r mat or i det hec ur l i ngc r e s toft hemos t e x t r e mea v a nt g a r de .I nt he5 0 shewa spr oduc i ngl a r g ec a n v a s e sofov e r a l l c ol or , i mpa s t oe dc a l l i g r a ph yoff r e ebr us hwor kwhi c he v ol v e di nt ope r ha pst hefir s ts ha pe d c a n v a s e sa ndf r e eg e ome t r y .Hewa sa cv ewi t ht heS i xGa l l e r yg r ouponF i l l mor eS t r e e ti n S a nF r a nc i s c oa ndwhe n, i n1 9 6 1 , hemov e dt oNe wY or kCi t y , hej oi ne dwi t hma n yoft he s a mea rs t st of oundt heP a r kPl a c eGa l l e r y .Nowr e s i di nga g a i ni nhi shome t ownS a n F r a nc i s c o , het e a c he spa r t mea tt heUni v e r s i t yofCa l i f or ni aa tBe r k e l e y .Her e c e i v e da n NE Ag r a nti n1 9 7 9 . De a n:I c a nr e me mbe rma n yy e a r sa g oy ouma k i ngas t a t e me ntt ot hee ffe c tt ha ty ou ha v ene v e rpa i nt e dafig ur av epa i n ngi ny ourl i f e . I st ha tt r ue ? L e o:No , I ma defig ur av epa i n ng swhe nI wa sak i da ndt ha ts t a t e me ntr e f e r st oa e rI t ur ne ds e v e nt e e nwhe nI be g a nt opa i ntmor es e r i ous l y . De a n:Y ouha v ede v ot e dy ourl i f et opa i n nga bs t r a c t l y , c a ny ous a ywh y ? L e o:Oneoft hema i nr e a s onswh yI t ur ne dt oa bs t r a c te x pr e s s i oni s mwa st ha tI c oul d s pont a ne ous l yi mpr ov i s el i k eaj a z zmus i c i a n.T heg e s t ur e dl i ne a rbr us hs t r ok ewa sl i k ea me l odye x e c ut e di nr h y t hmi cc a l l i g r a ph y .NowI f e e l muc hmor el i k eac ompos e r . Abs t r a coni st hemos tdi r e c ta ppr oa c ht opl a scf or m. De a n:T hefir s ts howofy our sI s a wwa sa tt heS i xGa l l e r yi n1 9 5 6whe r ey ouwe r e pa i n ngl a r g es c r e e nsoft hi c kpa i nts t r ok e sofdi ffe r e ntc ol or swhos et l e swe r es pe c i fic t une smos t l ybyCha r l i eP a r k e ra ndot he rj a z zg r e a t s .Whe napa i n ngwa sv i e we dwhi l e l i s t e ni ngt ot hes pe c i fict uneoft he t l et hev i s i onwa se nha nc e da ndt hepa i n nge nt e r e d t hee y el i k eada nc e .Doy ouf e e l t ha tt he r ei ssl l t hi sdi r e c tus eofmus i ci ny ourwor k ? L e o:Y e p.Myma i ni nt e r e s ti nc ol ori st het ona l r e l aons hi p. De a n:Woul dy oudi s c us swha tt ona l r e l aons hi psme a nt oy oua ndwha tt he ymi g ht ha v et odowi t hmus i c ? L e o:I ts e e mst omet ha tt hec ol ors pe c t r umi sav i s ua l a na l ogt omus i c a l s c a l e s( t he c hr omacs c a l e ? ) . I t hi nkma n ya rs t sha v ee x pl or e dt hi sc or r e l aon.K a ndi ns k y i mme di a t e l yc ome st omi nd, a l s oKl e e , a ndf ors omer e a s on, Al be r s .Combi naonsof c ol or sa r el i k ev i s ua l c hor dspr oduc i ngc ons t a ntordi s s ona nts paa l ha r moni e s .I s houl d’ v e me n one dHa nsHoffma n. De a n:Wha ti st hes our c eofy ours ubj e c tma e r ? L e o:Al l t ha ti ns pi r e sme . De a n:Al l r i g ht , wha ti ns pi r e sy ou? L e o:Chi l dr e na tpl a y , Gol de nGa t eP a r k , t hepoi g na ntl y r i c sofas i mpl es ong , t hes hor e s oft heCa l i f or ni ac oa s t , myf a mi l y , t heJ a z zMe s s a g e .Andmor e ; s unr i s e / s uns e t , t hemi s t y f og g e dc i t y s c a pe , muldi me ns i ona l pa r a do x , flowe r s , s paa l s e ns aonsi n me , s a t or i . De a n:T hec l a s s i cpa i n ng sofy ourNe wY or kpe r i odwe r ehor i z ont a l c a n v a s e sus ua l l y e mpl oy i ngt woc ol or ss c i s s or i ngt hr oug he a c hot he rwi t hwha ty ouc a l l e dama x i mum
L e o:Notc e nt r a l e noug ht oourpr i or ie s . De a n:Wha tdoy out hi nkt hi sl i f eme a ns ? L e o:Wor k .Cos mi ck nowl e dg et owa r dunde r s t a ndi ng , l ov ea ndf ul fil l me nt . De a n:Ar ey oui nt oa n ys pi r i t ua l s t udi e s ? L e o:Y e s .I ti sa na s pe c tofmywor k . De a n:Coul dy oue l a bor a t e ? L e o:Whe nI wa sy oungI bl e wmys oul .T he nI c ont e mpl a t e dt heGodhe a d.NowI do bot h! De a n:Howdopol ic se nt e rt hepi c t ur e ? L e o:I nne e dofAr t . De a n:Howa bouty ourowni de a s ? L e o:Ut opi a n.L e tmequot eBa r ne Ne ma n, “ Al mos tfi e e ny e a r sa g oHa r ol dRos e nbe r g c ha l l e ng e dmet oe x pl a i nwha toneofmypa i n ng sc oul dpos s i bl yme a nt ot hewor l d.My a ns we rwa st ha ti fhea ndot he r sc oul dr e a di tpr ope r l yi twoul dme a nt hee ndofa l l s t a t e c a pi t a l i s ma ndt ot a l i t a r i a ni s m.T hea ns we rsl l g oe s . ”( 1 9 6 2 )Mya ns we rt ot ha tque son woul dbet ha ti fmypa i n ng swe r er e a dpr ope r l yi twoul dme a nt hee ndofr a c i s m, t ot a l i t a r i a ni s m, a ndma n’ si nhuma ni t yt oma n. De a n:L e o , whe r edoy ouf e e l y oua r er i g htnowi ny ourowna r t ? L e o:I f e e l g ooda boutmyl a t e s tpi e c e sa ndc ur r e nti de a s .T he ys e e mt or e a l i z et hepa r a do xofas i mul t a ne ousi mpr e s s i onofde pt ha ndpl a nmor ec l e a r l yt ha ni nmye a r l i e rwor k . Col orde t e r mi ne st hede g r e eofba l a nc ea nd/ ore mpha s i s .I wa ntapa i n ngt ha ti sputt og e t he ri ns uc hawa ya st oc a us eas paa l f us i onbe t we e ni ta ndmy s e l f -a nds or e v e a l a n a s pe c toft heOneMi nd. “ T heobj e c ti sa nobj e c tf ort hes ubj e c t , T hes ubj e c ti sai sas ubj e c tf ort heobj e c t ; K nowt ha tt her e l av i t yoft het wo Re s t sulma t e l yononeE mp ne s s . ” Z e n1
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F l e mi ng , De a n. “ I nt e r v i e w: L e oVa l l e dor , ”Oc ul ar , Vol . 6 , No. 3( F a l l 1 9 8 1 ) : pp2 8 3 8
L e oVa l l e dor 1 9 3 6 1 9 8 9
Bor ni nS a nF r a nc i s c o , CA Di e di nS a nF r a nc i s c o , CA
E duc a on 1 9 5 3 5 5 Ca l i f or ni aS c hool ofF i neAr t s( nowS a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut e ) T e a c hi ng 1 9 8 7 1 9 7 8 1 9 7 7
S a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut e Uni v e r s i t yofCa l i f or ni a , Be r k e l e y L oneMount a i nCol l e g e , S a nF r a nc i s c o , Ca l i f or ni a
S e l e c t e dS ol o&T woPe r s onE x hi bions 2 0 2 0 2 1 L e oVal l e dor : E as t We s tS e r i e s1 9 6 8 7 1 , Br i a nGr os sF i neAr t , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA L e oVal l e dor : Di me ns i onal S pac e , Da v i dRi c ha r dGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY 2 0 1 9 L e oVal l e dor , T heBr i dge( T oS onn yRol l i ns ) , K a di s t , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 2 0 1 8 L e oVal l e dor : ANe wS l an t , Br i a nGr os sF i neAr t , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA L e oVal l e dor : Col orAsS pac e , Whi t eBo x , Ne wY or k , NY L e oVal l e dor : Cur v e d, Da v i dRi c ha r dGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY 2 0 1 6 L e oVal l e dor : Col orS pac e , Br i a nGr os sF i neAr t , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 2 0 1 2 S hapi n’ Up, Da v i dRi c ha r dGa l l e r y , S a nt aF e , NM 2 0 1 1 Pl ayI tByE y e , T og ononGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 2 0 0 8 Be t we e nS ound&S pac e : T heP ai n ngsofL e oVal l e dor , T og ononGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 2 0 0 6 L e oVal l e dorS e l e c t e dWor k s , T og ononGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA L e oVal l e dor&Car l osVi l l a, Me nde nha l l S obi e s k i Ga l l e r y , P a s a de na , CA T heF i l i pi noRoot sofMi ni mal i s m: L e oVal l e dorandMar i oY r i s ar r y , Mi t c he l l Al g usGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY 1 9 8 2 8 3 L e oVal l e dor : Ne wP ai n ngs , Mode r ni s m, S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 8 0 L e oVal l e dor : P ai n ngs , Mode r ni s m, S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 7 6 Da ni e l We i nbe r gGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 7 6 L osAng e l e sI nst ut eofCont e mpor a r yAr t , L osAng e l e s , CA 1 9 7 4 M. H. deY oungMe mor i a l Mus e um, S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 7 3 Da ni e l We i nbe r gGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 7 1 7 2 L e oVa l l e dor / S e l e c t e dP ai n ngs / E as t We s tS e r i e s , S a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut e , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 7 1 E as t We s tS e r i e s , S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofAr t , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 6 6 Val l e dor , Gr a ha mGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY Robe r tGr os v e norS c ul p t ur e / L e oVal l e dorP ai n ngs , P a r kPl a c eGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY 1 9 6 5 L e oVal l e dor / Robe r tS mi t hs on/ S ol L e Wi, P a r kPl a c eGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY 1 9 5 9 Bl ue&Bl ac kS e r i e s , Di l e x i Ga l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 5 8 Ca l i f or ni aS c hool ofF i neAr t s , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 5 7 J az z usS e r i e s , 6Ga l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 5 6 Compos ions , 6Ga l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA S e l e c t e dGr oupE x hi bions 2 0 2 0 2 0 1 9 2 0 1 8 2 0 1 7
3 0 t hAnni v e r s ar yE x hi bion, Br i a nGr os sF i neAr t , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA Di l e x i Gal l e r y : T heE ar l yY e ar s , Br i a nGr os sF i neAr t , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA Bui l di ngt heBui l di ng: S OMAr t s4 0 t hAnni v e r s ar yE x hi bion, S OMAr t sCul t ur a l Ce nt e r , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA WayBay2 , Be r k e l e yAr tMus e um, Uni v e r s i t yofCa l i f or ni a , Be r k e l e y WayBay , Be r k e l e yAr tMus e um, Uni v e r s i t yofCa l i f or ni a , Be r k e l e y I n v e n ngDo wn t o wn: Ars t RunGal l e r i e si nNe wY or kCi t y , 1 9 5 2 1 9 6 5 , Gr e yAr tGa l l e r y , Ne wY or kUni v e r s i t y , Ne wY or k , NY
S e l e c t e dGr oupE x hi bions( c ont . ) 2 0 1 6
Mus t ar dRoad, T heBa e r yS F , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA T heBu e r flyE ffe c t : Ar ti n1 9 7 0 sCal i f or ni a, P a l oAl t oAr tCe nt e r , P a l oAl t o , CA Col or : S t ai ne d, Br us he dandP our e d, Da v i dRi c ha r dGa l l e r y , S a nt aF e , NM 2 0 1 5 OPI nfini t um: ‘ T heRe s pons i v eE y e ’ F iyY e ar sA e r( P ar tI I ) , Ame r i c anOPAr ti nt he6 0 s , Da v i dRi c ha r dGa l l e r y , S a nt aF e , NM Be n tP e r i me t e r s : T he‘ S hape dCan v as ’ andAb s t r acon, 1 9 6 0 st oT oday , Da v i dRi c ha r dGa l l e r y , S a nt aF e , NM 2 0 1 4 S e ns a on, Da v i dRi c ha r dGa l l e r y , S a nt aF e , NM 2 0 1 2 S e e i ngRe d, Da v i dRi c ha r dGa l l e r y , S a nt aF e , NM 2 0 1 1 1 2 Ab s t r ac tAr ti nt heU. S . 1 9 5 5 6 5 , S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofMode r nAr t , CA 2 0 0 8 0 9 Re i magi ni ngS pac e : T heP ar kPl ac eGal l e r yGr oupi n1 9 6 0 sNe wY or k , Bl a nt onMus e umofAr t , Ausn, T X As i an/ Ame r i c an/ Mode r nAr t : S hii ngCur r e n t s1 9 0 0 1 9 7 0 , M. H. deY oungMe mor i a l Mus e um, F i neAr t sMus e umsofS a nF r a nc i s c o , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 2 0 0 6 1 0 Gol dS t andar d: Ni neAs i anAme r i c anMode r ni s tArs t s , T og ononGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 9 5 Mi t c he l l Al g usGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY 1 9 8 8 Bl ux omeGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 8 7 1F i neAr t s , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 8 7 Bl ux omeGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 8 5 Re ddi ngMus e uma ndAr tCe nt e r , S ha s t aCol l e g e , Re ddi ng , CA S a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut e , CA J ohnBe r g g r ue nGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA S a nJ os eI nst ut eofCont e mpor a r yAr t , S a nJ os e , CA S unGa l l e r y , Ha y wa r d, CA 1 9 8 4 Oa k l a ndMus e umofCa l i f or ni a , Oa k l a nd, CA Publ i cI ma g e , Ne wY or k , NY S a nF r a nc i s c oAr t sCommi s s i onGa l l e r y , CA 1 9 8 2 Be l c aHous e , K y ot o , J a pa n 1 9 7 8 Mi l l sCol l e g eAr tGa l l e r y , Oa k l a nd, CA, Wor t hRy de rGa l l e r y , Uni v e r s i t yofCa l i f or ni a , Be r k e l e y , CA 1 9 7 7 S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofMode r nAr t , CA L oneMount a i nCol l e g e , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 7 6 S a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut e , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 7 5 S i xP ai n t e r s , S i xA t ude s , T heOa k l a ndMus e umofCa l i f or ni a 1 9 7 4 S a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut e , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 6 8 Ha y de nGa l l e r y , MI T , P a r kPl a c eGr oup, Ca mbr i dg e , MA Phi l i psE x e t e rAc a de my , E x e t e r , NH S a nF r a nc i s c oAr tI nst ut e , CA 1 9 6 7 De n v e rAr tMus e um, CO P a r kPl a c eGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY I nst ut eofCont e mpor a r yAr t , Uni v e r s i t yofP e nns y l v a ni a , Phi l a de l phi a , P A Da l l a sMus e umofAr t , Da l l a s , T X L ongBe a c hI s l a ndF oundaonoft heAr t sa ndS c i e nc e s , L ov e l a di e s , NJ Ge or g i aMus e umofAr t , Uni v e r s i t yofGe or g i a , At he ns , GA I nst ut oT or c ua t odi T e l l a , Bue nosAi r e s , Ar g e n na Mus e ode l Ar t e , Ca r a c a s , Ve ne z ue l a Dr e wUni v e r s i t y , Ma di s on, WS Ne wY or kUni v e r s i t y , NY By k e r tGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY He a t hGa l l e r y , At l a nt a , GA 1 9 6 6 L a r r yAl dr i c hMus e um, Ri dg e fie l d, CT , J a c k s on v i l l eMus e umofAr t , F L L a nna nF oundaonMus e um, P a l mBe a c h, F L By k e r tGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY 1 9 6 5 Ar t ’ 6 5 , Ame r i c a nE x pr e s sP a v i l i on, Ne wY or k ’ sWor l d’ sF a i r , Que e ns , NY S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofAr t , CA S mi t hs oni a nI nst u onT r a v e l i ngE x hi bion, L anAme r i c a Wor l dHous eGa l l e r i e s , Ne wY or k , NY Y oungMas t e r s , Gr a ha mGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY
S e l e c t e dGr oupE x hi bions( c ont . ) J ohnDa ni e l sGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY Va nBov e nk a mpGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY 1 9 6 4 E l e v e nArs t s , K a y ma rGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY Noa hGol dows k yGa l l e r y , Ne wY or k , NY P a r kPl a c eGr oup, Ne wY or k , NY 1 9 6 1 S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofAr t , CA 1 9 5 9 Di l e x i Ga l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 5 8 Di l e x i Ga l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA 1 9 5 5 Wa l k e rAr tCe nt e r , Mi nne a pol i s , MN 1 9 5 4 5 7 6Ga l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA S e l e c t e dPubl i cCol l e cons Ac he nba c hF oundaonf orGr a phi cAr t s , F i neAr t sMus e umsofS a nF r a nc i s c o , CA Al l e nt ownAr tMus e um, Al l e nt own, P A Be r k e l e yAr tMus e um, Uni v e r s i t yofCa l i f or ni a , Be r k e l e y , CA Cr oc k e rAr tMus e um, S a c r a me nt o , CA T heDa umMus e umofCont e mpor a r yAr t , S t a t eF a i rCommuni t yCol l e g e , S e da l i a , MO T heDor ot h ya ndHe r be r tVog e l Col l e con: “ F iyWor k sf orF iyS t a t e s ” F i neAr t sMus e umsofS a nF r a nc i s c o , CA Nor aE c c l e sHa r r i s onMus e umofAr t , Ut a hS t a t eUni v e r s i t y , L og a n, UT Oa k l a ndMus e umofCa l i f or ni a , Oa k l a nd, CA Phi l a de l phi aMus e umofAr t , P A S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofMode r nAr t , S a nF r a nc i s c o , CA S a i ntL oui sAr tMus e um, MO Uni v e r s i t yofAg de r , K r i sa ns a nd, Nor wa y USDe pa r t me ntofS t a t eAr ti nE mba s s i e sPr og r a m, Wa s hi ng t onD. C. Whi t ne yMus e umofAme r i c a nAr t , Ne wY or k , NY Y a l eUni v e r s i t yAr tGa l l e r y , Ne wHa v e n, CT S e l e c t e dBi bl i og r a phy S he r e , Cha r l e s . “ I de a l Ge ome t r y , ”T heE as tS i deVi e w( F e br ua r y1 2 , 2 0 1 8 . ) Co e r , Hol l a nd. “ Whe nArs t sRa nt heS how: ‘ I n v e n ngDownt own, ’ a tN. Y . U. , ”T heNe wY or kT i me s , J a nua r y1 2 , 2 0 1 7 . Ra c hl e ff, Me l i s s a . I n v e n ngDo wn t o wn: Ars t RunGal l e r i e si nNe wY or kCi t y , 1 9 5 2 1 9 6 5 .E s s a y sbyL y nn Gumpe r t , Bi l l yKl uv e r , a ndJ ul i eMa rn.Gr e yAr tGa l l e r y , Ne wY or kUni v e r s i t y , 2 0 1 7 . Rot h, Da v i dM. “ L e oVa l l e dor@ Br i a nGr os s , ”S quar e c y l i nde r . c om( F e br ua r y2 2 , 2 0 1 6 . ) Chun, Ki mbe r l y . “ Ar tt ha tS pe a k st oS . F . ’ sP a s t , ”S F Gat e . c om( J a nua r y2 0 , 2 0 1 6 . ) Mor r i s , Ba r ba r a . “ L e oVa l l e dor : Pl a yI tByE y ea tT og ononGa l l e r y , ”Ar tL t d( J a n/ F e b2 0 1 2 . ) He nde r s onDa l r y mpl e , L i nda . T heF our t hDi me ns i onandNonE uc l i de anGe ome t r yi nMode r nAr t , MI TPr e s s , 2 0 1 2 . Col pi, F r a nc i s . “ S pa c eE x pl or e r s , ”Ar ti nAme r i c a( F e br ua r y2 0 0 9 ) : p6 1 . Ba k e r , K e nne t h. “ F or a k i sa ndVa l l e dora tT og onon, ”S anF r anc i s c oChr oni c l e( Oc t obe r2 5 , 2 0 0 8 . ) Gor donCha ng , Ma r kDe a nJ ohns on&P a ul K a r l s t r om. As i anAme r i c anAr t , AHi s t or y , 1 8 5 0 1 9 7 0 , S t a nf or d Uni v e r s i t yPr e s s , 2 0 0 8 . He nde r s onDa l r y mpl e , L i nda . “ P a r kPl a c e : I t sAr ta ndHi s t or y , ”Re i magi ni ngS pac e : T heP ar kPl ac eGal l e r y Gr oupi n1 9 6 0 sNe wY or k , Bl a nt onMus e umofAr t , 2 0 0 8 . Da ni e l l Cor ne l l a ndMa r kDe a nJ ohns on( e di t or s . )As i an/ Ame r i c an/ Mode r nAr t-S hii ngCur r e n t s , 1 9 0 0 1 9 7 0 , F i neAr t sMus e umsofS a nF r a nc i s c o , 2 0 0 8 . Amy , Mi c ha ë l . “ L e oVa l l e dora ndMa r i oY r i s s a r ya tMi t c he l l Al g us , ”Ar ti nAme r i c a( Ma r c h2 0 0 7 ) : p1 7 8 . S c hwe nde ne r , Ma r t ha . " ARTANDS P ACE : P a r kPl a c ea ndt heBe g i nni ngoft heP a ul aCoope rGa l l e r y , ” T heNe wY or kT i me s( F e br ua r y1 9 , 2 0 0 7 . ) L ong , J i m. “ T heF i l i pi noRoot sofMi ni ma l i s m: L e oVa l l e dora ndMa r i oY r i s a r r ya tMi t c he l Al g usGa l l e r y , ” T heBr ook l y nRai l ( Nov e mbe r2 0 0 6 . ) Co e r , Hol l a nd. “ T heF i l i pi noRoot sofMi ni ma l i s m, ”T heNe wY or kT i me s( S e pt e mbe r2 9 , 2 0 0 6 . ) L ol e ng , S t e pha ni eGr a c e . “ Pr ov oc av ec ol or si nL e oVa l l e dor ’ sa r t , ”Phi l i ppi neNe ws( Apr i l 2 6 , 2 0 0 6 . )
S e l e c t e dBi bl i og r a phy( c ont . ) Mi z ot a , S ha r on. “ S e l e c t e dWor k s : P a i n ng sbyL e oVa l l e dor , ”S FWe e k l y( Ma r c h2 9 , 2 0 0 6 . ) K a r l s t r om, P a ul J . L e oVal l e dor / Car l osVi l l a, MS GGa l l e r y , L osAng e l e sa ndS ha ng ha i , 2 0 0 6 . Ri nde r , L a wr e nc e . L e oVal l e dor : S e l e c t e dWor k s , T og ononGa l l e r y , S a nF r a nc i s c o , 2 0 0 6 . E l a i neKi m, Ma r g oMa c hi da&S ha r onMi z ot a .F r e s hT al k , Dar i ngGaz e s , Uni v e r s i t yofCa l i f or ni aPr e s s , 2 0 0 3 . Hu mbl e t , Cl a ud i ne . T h eNe wAme r i c a nAb s t r a co n , S k i r a / S e u i l , 2 00 3 , Vol 3 , pp1 8 9 3 1 9 3 7 . F i t zGi bbon , J oh n . T h eP i l o tHi l l C o l l e co n , Cr oc k e rAr tMus e u m, 2 00 2 . S e y mou rHo wa r da ndJ oh nNa t s ou l a s . T h eBe a tGe n e r ao nGa l l e r i e sa n dBe y o n d , J oh nNa t s ou l a sP r e s s , 1 9 9 6 . Al br i g h t , T homa s . Ar ti nt h eS a nF r a n c i s c oBa yAr e a , 1 9 4 51 9 80 : AnI l l u s t r a t e dHi s t o r y , Un i v e r s i t yofCa l i f or n i a P r e s s , 1 9 8 5 . F l e mi ng , De a n . “ I n t e r v i e w: L e oVa l l e dor , ”Oc u l a r , Vol . 6 , No . 3( F a l l 1 9 8 1 ) : pp2 83 8 . Hopk i n s , He n r y . 5 0We s tC o a s tArs t s , Ch r on i c l eBook s , 1 9 8 1 . Boe g e r , S u z a a n . “ Ge ome t r i cS u r f a c e swi t hI l l us or yDe pt h , ”Ar tWe e k( Aug us t1 6 , 1 9 8 0 ) : p5 . Sl e s , K n ut , “ L e oVa l l e dora tMode r n i s mGa l l e r y , ”Ar ti nAme r i c a( No v – De c1 9 7 6 . ) Ma rn , F r e d . “ L e oVa l l e dori nRe t r os pe c t , ”Ar tWe e k( S e pt e mbe r4 , 1 9 7 6 ) : p1 8 . F r a n k e n s t e i n , Al f r e d . “ T heMa nt heMus e u mOv e r l ook e d , ”S a nF r a n c i s c oC h r o n i c l e( Aug us t2 0 , 1 9 7 6 . ) Ba l l a t or e , S a ndy . F o u rS o l oE x h i b io n s : Na n c yGe n n , J o h nOk u l i c k , J a c kS c o, L e oVa l l e d o r , L osAng e l e sI n st ut e ofCon t e mpor a r yAr t , 1 9 7 6 . F r a n k e n s t e i n , Al f r e d . “ Va l l e dor ’ sMa s t e r l yAr t / Cl a r i t ya ndAl oof ne s s , ”S a nF r a n c i s c oC h r o n i c l e ( F e br u a r y2 1 , 1 9 7 4 . ) Du n h a m, J ud i t hL . “ L e oVa l l e dorP a i nng s , ”Ar tWe e k( No v e mbe r1 7 , 1 9 7 3 ) : p3 . Va l l e dor , L e o. L e oVal l e dor / S e l e c t e dP ai n ngs / E as tWe s tS e r i e s ; E x hi bionbr oc hur e . S a nF r a nc i s c oAr t I nst ut e , 1 9 7 1 . Nor d l a nd , Ge r a l d . L e oVa l l e d o r : E a s t We s tS e r i e s ; E x h i bionbr oc h u r e . S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e u mofAr t , 1 9 7 1 . Ba c oc k , Gr e g or y( e d i t or . )Mi n i ma l Ar t : AC r ic a l An t h o l o g y , E . P . Du on , 1 9 6 8 . L i ppa r d , L uc yR. “ P e r v e r s eP e r s pe cv e s , ”Ar tI n t e r n ao n a l ( Ma r c h1 9 6 7 . ) Gr e e n , S a mue l Ad a ms . Ar tF o rt h eC i t y , I n st ut eofCon t e mpor a r yAr t , Un i v e r s i t yofP e n n s y l v a n i a , P A, 1 9 6 7 . Gl ue c k , Gr a c e . “ ABCt oE r oc , ”Ar ti nAme r i c a( F a l l , 1 9 6 6 ) : p1 0 7 . Be r r i g a n , T e d . “ L e oVa l l e dor , ”Ar tNe ws( Oc t obe r , 1 9 6 6 ) : p6 5 . Hut c h i n s on , P e t e r . “ Ma n ne r i s mi nt heAb s t r a c t , ”Ar ta n dArs t s( S e pt e mbe r1 9 6 6 . ) Al d r i c h , L a r r y .Hi g h l i g h t so f1 9 6 5–6 6Ar tS e a s o n , T heL a r r yAl d r i c hMus e u m( J u l y1 9 6 6 . ) S mi t h s on , Robe r t .“ E n t r op ya ndt heNe wMon u me n t s , ”Aro r u m( J u ne1 9 6 6 . ) Bou r don , Da v i d . “ E = Mc 2aGoGo , ”Ar tNe ws( J a n u a r y1 9 6 6 )i l l . S wa i n , Ri c h a r d . “ Robe r tGr os v e nor , L e oVa l l e dor , ”Ar tNe ws( De c e mbe r1 9 6 5 . ) O’ Dohe r t y , Br i a n . Ar t6 5 : L e s s e rK n o wna n dUn k n o wnP a i n t e r s : Y o u n gAme r i c a nS c u l p t u r e–E a s tt oWe s t , Ame r i c a nE x pr e s sCor por aon , NY , 1 9 6 5 . O’ Dohe r t y , Br i a n . “ Ar t : Av a n t–Ga r deDe a d pa n sonMo v e . K a y ma rGa l l e r yS ho wsRe c e n tWor k s , ”T h eNe wY o r k T i me s( Apr i l 1 1 , 1 9 64 ) : p2 2 .
Copy r i g h t2 0 2 0Br i a nGr os sF i neAr t , I nc .Al l r i g h t sr e s e r v e d. Ar t wor kCopy r i g h t2 0 2 0E s t a t eofL e oVa l l e dor . E s s a yCopy r i g h t1 9 7 1S a nF r a nc i s c oMus e umofMode r nAr t . I n t e r v i e wCopy r i g h t1 9 8 1De a nF l e mi ng . De s i g n : Gr e gF l ood I ma g e s : J WWhi t e / P hoc a s s o Noporonoft hi sdoc ume n tma yber e pr oduc e dors t or e d wi t houtt hee x pr e s swr ie npe r mi s s i onoft hec opy r i g h thol de r ( s ) .