Architecture Portfolio 2022 by Bhavya Gandhi

B B H A V YA

HEMANT

GANDHI

Architecture Portfolio | 2022

CURRICULUM VITAE

WORK EXPERIENCE

4 years 6 months.

Architecture BRIO, Mumbai Nov 2020 - Currently Working

Senior Architect Currently leading a team to work on large scale residential projects in India where I present design proposal and recommend sustainable design choices.

Mistletoe Foundation, Singapore Aug 2019 - Sep 2019

Design Architect Developed a closed loop ecosystem for a farm to fork cafe in Singapore, prepared presentation boards for the exhibition space and coordinated with all consultants to execute the project.

National University of Singapore Apr 2019 - May 2019

Research Assistant Involved in a comparative study of building form on energy use, thermal comfort and social interaction. Measured environmental conditions to carry out non-parametric statistical analysis.

Talati and Panthaky Associates Jul 2015 - May 2018

Architectural Assistant Developed concepts, preliminary designs and construction documents. Coordinated design decisions with all consultants and contractors on board during schemactic and detail design stages. Prepared construction drawings after integrating MEP details, and monitored the execution of work done on site.

Talati and Panthaky Associates Nov 2014 - Feb 2015

Intern Assisted with the production of construction drawings and 3d models with multiple iterations during early design phases of projects.

EDUCATION Aug 2018 - June 2019 Graduated

National University of Singapore - Singapore Msc.Integrated Sustainable Design

Aug 2010 - April 2015 Graduated

L.S Raheja School of Architecture - Mumbai Bachelor of Architecture

PROFESSIONAL COURSES GBCI September 2020 - September 2022

LEED Green Associate

MIT June 2020 - September 2020

Sustainable Building Design. An approach to design high performance buildings

TU - Delft University April 2020 - May 2020

Zero Energy Design. An approach to design net zero energy buildings

TU - Delft University April 2020 - May 2020

Circular Economy for the built environment. An approach to build closed loop ecosystem

SOFTWARE PROFICIENCY

Revit, AutoCAD, Sketchup,Vray, Lumion Insight 360 and Cove.tool - Building analysis and performance Photoshop, InDesign, Illustrator

ACHIEVEMENTS Lafarge Holcim Forum Feb 2019 - Cairo, Egypt

My project ‘Feeding the City’ that I co-authored and presented at the Lafarge Holcim Forum received a ‘High Commendation’for demonstrating how cities could become self sustaining economies.

Kurula Varkey Design Forum Jan 2016 - Ahmedabad, India

My design dissertation on Multi Modal Transit Hub, was presented at the Kurula Varkey Design Forum hosted by the Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology University in Ahmedabad, India.

ABOUT ME Bhavya Hemant Gandhi 1992 : Born in Mumbai, India 2015 : Architecture studies at L.S.Raheja School of Architecture 2019 : Masters in Integrated Sustainable Design - NUS 2020 : Zero Energy Design | TU - Delft 2020 : Sustainable Building Design | MIT 2020 : Circular Economy for the built environment | TU - Delft 2020 : LEED Green Associate | GBCI

I am an experienced Architect, with a demonstrated history of working as a designer in India and Singapore for nearly a period of 5 years. I like to design buildings that try to connect or repair the system they are embedded in because my goal is to craft an approach for a new kind of development, one that is generous, restorative and net positive. After graduating from the L.S Raheja school of Architecture in 2015, I joined Talati & Panthaky Associates to become a part of a team, that focused on designing and executing mix use & residential developments. Here I was commited to work on projects right from concept to completion. After gaining three years of experience in housing I decided to study Integrated Sustaianble Design from the National University of Singapore. My strength lies in my ability to use system thinking to tackle global sustainability challenges, as I strongly believe that every act of design should aim to be more than the sum of its parts. I enjoy working on projects that are focussed towards addressing the pressing challenges of our time at both building and city scales. During my academical and professional experience I have always tried to find answers to urgent question like could we have.... ELECTRICITY WITHOUT A GRID INDUSTRIES WITHOUT POLLUTION SYSTEM WITHOUT A LOSS FOOD WITHOUT SOIL CITIES WITHOUT WASTE SANITATION WITHOUT SEWERS MEAT WITHOUT ANIMALS MOBILITY WTHOUT CARS BUILDINGS WITHOUT A GRID WEALTH WITHOUT MONEY

05_NUS_Sanghvi-Ghandi

COW

PIG

FODDER

Yield per HA 43,800,000 liters milk / year 18 liters / cow / day

Yield per HA / cycle (52) 1,000,000 KG 15” Rainfall

0.90 ^9 TWH

FISH & CHICKEN Yield per HA / 9 month cycle 1,000,000 kg meat

Yield per HA 750 tons fish/year (6 c) Yield per sq.m 21.6 kg CHICKEN / year 0.06 MGD- Fish 270 MGDChicken

52 MGD

0.13 ^10 TWH- Fish 0.10 ^9 TWH - Chicken

0.68 ^9 TWH

0.10 ^9 TWH

FEEDING THE CITY A

PROPOSAL

FOR

LAND

INTENSIVE

URBAN

FARMING

VEGETABLES

RICE

Yield per sq.m/year 120-150 kg

FRUITS

Yield per sq.m/ year (4 cycles) 15-17 kg

Yield per sq.m/year 50-80 kg

40 MGD

128 MGD

214 liter / kg

0.45 TWH

2.55 TWH

0.45 TWH

loop system is organised spatially, how waste from one element becomes the resource for another. Due to the scarcity of land in Singapore, new typologies for intensive vertical farming have been developed (see panel: Seeding the City) in which animal breeding techniques such as hydroponic, aeroponics and aquaponics are incorporated. Our proposal offers multi-systemic benefits relating to economics, food security and quality, social engagement, health, place-making, and healthcare. Land Mas s

design principle. RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICITY WITHOUT A GRID

AgroMetabolism

90 %

Per person / year

Million

Nutrient Cycle

Imports 2019

300 KG

5.6

Sq.KM

Changi Water Plant

Food Demand

Population

772.6

Solar PV Panels

Fish Farm

Vegetable farming

Food Production Area Fish Breeding

Market zone

INDUSTRIES INDUSTRIES WITHOUT INFRASTRUCTURE

Floating Fish Farms

CITY PLAN SYSTEM WITHOUT A LOSS

Community space

Floating Solar Farms

Environmental Performance

The Changi Agro-Tech Park will generate food, water and energy deploying a circular economy approach. This will keep resources and materials in use for as long as possible by developing symbiotic relationships at the building, urban block and masterplan scales.

Chicken Housing

I n n ova t i o n & Tr a n s fe r a b i l i t y

The fish farms have a symbiotic relationship with vegetable farms. This is a replicable and scalable typology. It integrates hydroponic and aquaponics farming system. The roof is designed to harvest energy and rain water.

Community Participation

Interactive promenade

Food factories Water Drip

Feeder cafes

Deep Litter System Fresh food stalls Brooder

Wholesale store

Economic Viability

The vertical poultry farm controls multiple stage of production like breeder flocks, hatchery, grow-out flocks, processing plant, feed mills, etc. It offers control over product quality and consistency through its slated floor and deep litter systems. The amount of space and time used to achieve high yields, making this model economically viable. This is done in a humane manner such that animals have space to roam, with sufficient daylight and air.

Mobility and connectivity infrastructure - including MRT, airport, roads, pedestrian paths ansd cycling tracks

AGRICULTURE FOOD WITHOUT SOIL Water Harvestation

Water collection and recycling system linked to food production modules

Gallery spaces

Event spaces

Farmer’s Market

Social Inclusion

To address issues surrounding Asia’s aging population and food scarcity, Changi Agro-Food Park will house a farmer market integrated within the proposed master plan. To address Asia’s aging population, Changi Agro-Food Park will house a farmer market that creates opportunities for seniors. The market ensure enhanced employment opportunities and financial security, promotes active aging and learning.

Research labs associated with Food Production

Community space with exhibition and gallery facilities

CIRCULAR ECONOMY CITIES WITHOUT WASTE Energy production using Solar PV and algae facades producing bio-fuel

Market with the fresh farm produce

CAFE MEAT WITHOUT ANIMALS

Viewing platform, bontanical gardens and educational discussion spaces

Floating Fish and Vegetable Farms

C H A N G I A I R P O RT

Energy Generation

F U T U R E D E V E L O P M E N T L A N D PA R C E L SELFSUFFICIENCY

Food Sufficiency

100%+

Public Spaces

Food Factory Cluster type A Resource Recovery

SINGAPORE MAP

EXPORTS

2 0 5 0

20%+

The main element of project’s masterplan is the urban block that incorporates intensive farming techniques in vertical farms and the supporting infrastructure of renewable energies, water and waste management. This will ensure utilisation of valuable resources like land, water and energy. In addition, the farmer markets that engages community participatory in this urban food park. The masterplan also carves out a quotient of land for promenade development. These promenades extends awareness and interaction with the food factories. The Changi Agro-food Park is a radical approach to optimise land use and demonstrate the idea of aggregation and concludes that the goal of self-reliance, resilience and liveability for Singapore. The aim of this project is to make Singapore 100% self-sufficient in basic food groups and demonstrate prototypes for farming that can be easily replicated elsewhere.

STUDENTS: JHANVI YOGESH SANGHVI - NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE - MSC Integrated Sustainable Design - e0306852@u.nus.edu - +65 85086859 BHAVYA HEMANT GANDHI - NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE - MSC Integrated Sustainable Design - e0306852@u.nus.edu - +65 85087697 PROGRAMME DIRECTOR: DR. NIRMAL KISHNANI - NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE - DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE - akintk@nus.edu.sg

25 SP Posters A0 14.3.2019.indd 5

TRANSPORTATION MOBILITY WITHOUT CARS

14.03.19 18:13

HOSPITALITY BUILDINGS WITHOUT A GRID

SPIRITUALITY WEALTH WITHOUT MONEY

CONTENT

The Forest City

Livable and self sustainable Singapore

Changi Agro - Tech Park

Sungei Kadut Industrial Estate

Ramdullari

East Coast, Mumbai | Msc. Integrated Sustainable Design

Singapore | Msc. Integrated Sustainable Design

Ballygunj, Kolkata | Talati and Panthaky Assocaited Designers LLP

F - Residence

The Slice Cafe

Multi modal transit hub

Taj Lands End Hotel

Spiritual Centre

Ghatkopar, Mumbai | Talati and Panthaky Assocaited Designers LLP

JID Launchpad, Jurong Industrial District - Singapore

Ahmedabad, India |

Bandra, Mumbai |

Design Dissertation |

2015

Architecture Competition |

104 2014

Karjat, Mumbai | L.S. Raheja School of Architecture

114

The Forest City Site : - Mumbai, Maharashtra - India. Project Typology - Residential

Team - Individual

By living in cities we have to choose between livability, sustainability & affordability. ‘The Forest City’ Brings all three under one roof to make sustainable living affordable. The project tackles a simple question : how can human communities thrive in the 21st century while respecting nature and using the benefits it has to provide. The project sets out to explore this idea, with a vision for imagining those possibilities. Aerial neighborhoods engage with nature gardens, watercourse, bird life, views and fresh air. Street life is reinstated at multiple ground levels that are integrated with urban farming practices, backyard workshops, health and wellness, while providing social and visual connection to the city.

Concept Urban lifestyle

Lack of green space

Present issue Lack of energy efficiency

Sustianability

Domesticated megastructure

Livability

Affordabilitiy

Communal Living

Sky gardens

Strategy Passive design strategies

Massing process

Breathing cities

Tropical Morphology

Views

Porosity + Permeabiltiy

Breezeways

Layering cities

Shading

Site analysis Sewri was selected to demonstrate this new development on the basis of its ecological and historic significance as well as accessibility from all parts of the city. The ecology of the eastern bay comprises of wetlands, mudflats, trees and mangroves. Further reinforced by the northern creek that cover an areas of 12,000 hectare with rich biodiversity, where about 53 species of vascular plants and 150 bird species have been recorded by the Bombay Natural History Society. The harbour line, a part of the sub urban railway network connects the island city to its mainland having Sewri as it major inter modal transit node.

Vehicular access

Network

Master plan Creating strong links between humans and nature is the core strategy for this development. The program is spread vertical to minimize ground coverage hence allowing the ground level to be highly porous and nature centric. The idea of embedding the building is such that the barrier between the building and nature seamlessly disappears. The vision include a high rise residential building that runs fully on sustainable energy, much of which comes from solar panels that lines on the rooftop of the development and offshore. Parks, natural wetlands, mangroves surrounds the development that regenerates the site and its ecosystem.

Ecosystem

Residential Park

Mixed Use Buisness Centre

Land Use

Site boundary

2 1

8 5 11

Legend 1. Entrance 2. Lobby 3. Railway corridor 4. Ecological park 5. Bird watch 6. Wet land 7. Mangrove 8. Bioswales 9. Eastern green corridor 10. Arabian Sea 11. Bird Walk

6 10

Climate analysis The climate of Mumbai is a tropical, wet and dry climate. It can be best described as moderately hot with high level of humidity. It’s coastal nature and tropical location ensures temperatures do not fluctuate much throughout the year. Hottest Month

May ( 30 O C avg) O

Coldest Month

January (24 C avg)

Wettest Month

July (485 mm avg

Windiest Month

July (6.5 m / s)

Rainfall

East - west orientation and narrow building footprint

Orientation shades all green roof

Winter Solstice 46O Summer Solstice 79O

Sunrise at 07:07 am Sunset at 06:06 pm

Sunrise at 6:02am Sunset at 07:19pm

1288 mm (per year)

Winter Winds

Passive strategies There are five principles for the development of passive houses : airtightness, thermal bridges free - design, thermal insulation, passive house windows and ventilation. In a warm climate, high temperature is the main problem that should be solved. However, in a hot and humid climate or tropical climate, not only high temperature, but also a high level of humidity should be taken into consideration. In these climates, an installation of heat and humidity recovery is something needed, which has proven to recover about 70% - 80% of the heat and humidity level. The buildings compactness affects the cooling needs, but is not so significant. Internal insulation of walls is suggested for this climate along with insulation of floor slabs or basement ceiling to block heat rising from the surface of the floor. 15 strategies after carefully studying the bio-climate have been proposed to reduce the cooling demand and achieve stable thermal comfort levels with minimum use of mechanical ventilation like fans.

Orientation that induces ventilation

North east winds 2.75 m/s

Summer Winds South west winds 4.4 m/s

Psychrometric Chart

Southern shading

Permeability

Operable Windows

Passive design strategies Stack efffect Natural ventilation Daylight harvest Vertical breezeways Green roofs Reduce urban heat island

Tree Shading

Verandah and vegetative cooling

Natural daylight harvest

Stable thermal environments

Program LIVE

ENERGY

OPEN

COMMUNITY

GREEN

NATURE CREATIIVE

CULTURE

Open

Live Open

C r e a t i v e

E n e r g y Community G r e e n Live Live Open

Live

Podium program

Underground program

Open

Live Live N a t u r e

C u l t u r e Open

Swimming Pool

Resource Recovery

Sky Park

Sky Garden

Amenity

Services

Amenity

Work Units

Lobby

Parking

Lobby

Parking

Public amenities W

M F

Roof

Live

P Live

Meet Live Live

Live Play

Live Live

Live Meet

Live M Ground M - Meet E - Eat

Live

North tower program

Live W P - Play W - Work

South tower program

Sky Park

Sky Garden

Sky Park

Live & Work Units

Condo Type 1

Services

Condo Type 3

Services

Condo Type 2

Sky Village

Amenity

Sky Village

Yoga

Hydroponic farming

Bar

Multi sport field

Roof top Camp

Childcare

Pet park

Community farming

Farmers market

Study area

Movie theatre

Backyard workshops

Table Tennis

Festival Ground

Gymnasium

Multi Sport lawn

Swimming Pool

Board games room

Spa and wellness

Squach court

Barbeque

Library

Coffee shop

Grocery store

Floor Plans The design of this high rise development examines the relationship between internal architecture planning and the formal expression of the building as an object. The developments sun shaded east west facade and protruding balconies are populated with trees and other vegetation. The plants also helps protect homes from the sun with the greenery serving as an active and living interface between the interior and exterior environments. Sky gardens on alternate levels further disolve the boundries between inside and outside, in fact all residents are able to enjoy visual greenery outside their apartment windows. A series of open yet sheltered sky gardens, terraces, balconies and planters create a breathable facade and visual interest, enhacing the real estate PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION value of these apartments in a densely built up area while providing spatial relief to apartment owners.

A’

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Typical floor plan

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Section AA’

Sky garden floor plan

Sky village floor plan

System integration Green - Biodiversity Sky park

Key strategies

Sky village Sky garden

- Screens of green Mangrove ecosystem

- Sky gardens

Sky park

Bird Park

Park

- Sky Parks - Wet land ecosystem

Ecological corridor

The unrelieved concrete and asphalt surfaces of the buildings and roads have created an extremely hot micro climate - specifically referred to as an urban heat island which in turn has markedly contributed to global warming. The impact of the heat island effect in tropical cities has now become frightening. Even in the warmest climes, in the height of summer, the unexpected blast of extreme heat instinctively feels alien and startlingly abnormal as if it has suddenly become too hot to survive.

Wet land ecosystem

The most practical method of reducing, or at least tempering the urban heat island effect is to plant more trees, create new parks, and allow grasses to grow wherever possible. Trees shade the stress and the low rise buildings, whilst all vegetation facilitates the process of evapotranspiration ( which is essential to the city’s water cycle ), removes carbon dioxide from the air, and lowers the immediate localised temperature. Any method to reverse the concrete jungle processes of urbanisation and re - green cities will improve the lifestyle and pshychological equilibrium of the resident. Human beings have always had an intimate relationship with nature - whether it be fresh air, running water, chirping birds or flowering plants.

Sky gardens, sky parks & village

Ecological expansion

Birds nest

Micro - climate creation

SECTION 20

N AA’ 21

1. Site edge conditions

2. Promenade

SKY GARDENS Elevated gardens cantilevered from the mass of a building will thrive in the densely settled tropical city of Mumbai, by taking advantage of the climate and the degree of sunlight. The year round vertical sun path - is utilized to build a tropical rainforest type ecosystem, with high density of trees,plants,shrubs and vines at every level. These elevated gardens function as air purifying winter gardens as they can perform as environmental filters to absorb carbon dioxide and reduce heat gain.

3. Ecological corridor

These sky gardens are located between the two lift lobbies of the tower to provide an informal meeting place with views over the city, sky, mountains and the sea. They provide the office workers and residential apartment dwellers with the opportunity to relax and seek relief from the crowded city streets below. These sky gardens are fully self sustainable. They are irrigated by collected rainwater and functioning as the buildings overall recycling and energy saving program. A total of 140 sky gardens, 4 sky parks sum up to a green plot ration of 450% in a city with very little accessible green space.

4. Mangrove Walk

EDGE CONDITIONS

GREEN PLOT RATIO - 450 %

4 1 2

Northern facade elevation

Southern facade elevation

Self sustainable Singapore Site : - Singapore Project Typology - Planning

Only 10% of water is supplied from the reservoir

Singapo

Project Team - Nitika Agarwal, Krithika Prakash , Bhavya Gandhi

A green building, no matter how well intentioned, looks inwards, within boundaries of site & shell and is focused on the well-being of occupant and developer. The search for sustainable solutions, we now know, cannot be confined to the scale of standalone buildings. The search for a sustainable Singapore calls for a new way of seeing buildings and their relation to the city. Buildings are embedded within wider systems such as energy and water grids, biodiversity and habitat networks, public and social space. The health of the system as a whole is affected by insertion of every new development. This is leading to ecological degradation of the environment.

Only 11.5 km2 land is harvesting solar energy

The big question is : Can buildings, communities and economies become self sufficient in energy, food and water? Can cities become more livable and how can we restore the natural ecosystem.

Singapore’s in

Background Research Only 72km2 land is reserved for farming

- 772 km2 - 5.6 million people

Problems

Only 112 km2 land is urban green

Statistics data for the island and its systems in 2020 Water

10 % Self Sufficient

Energy

10 % Self Sufficient

Food

Public Space

Green

10 % Self Sufficient

18 % land for public space

50 % Land mass is green A person takes 0.8 km to walk to the nearest public space

-118 km2 ro

Problems

50% - Evaporated 15 % - Seapage 05% - Spill out

514 km2 / 772 km2

2/3 rd catchment

2400mm / yr

ore receives adequate amount of rainfall

nadequate storage capacity of reservoirs

720 millon gallons

Only 66% of water is channeld into the reservoir Amount of Water channeld into the reservoir

Overflow of excess water into the sea

Water pumped out from the reservoirs to control floods

43 / 720 millon gallons Only 10% of water is supplied from the reservoir

Security limit laid by the government

s of the network and infrastructure - High rate of evaporation - lack of storage and management facilities.

oof footprint

Water from all non permeable surface not collected

Newater network limitation

s at building scale - Rain water not collected and retained - Grey water not recycled - Water saving equipements not incorporated

Form follows system - Sustainable thinking through a system based design “ What if buildings - even ones that are privately owned for profit making were designed to connect or repair the system in which they are embedded? Proposed strategies at building scale

Proposed Water System Rain water harvesting and Bio swales for reuse

Grey water recycling

Underground within Proposed strategies at Reservoir infrastructure scale 8 infrastructure typologies

Excess suplied to neghbourhood Floating solar PV’s over open reservoirs

Reduced Evaporation loss Sports Complex

Sea

12%

UG Reservoir under Sports Complex Proposed supply line for UG RW UG MRT Existing drainage lines

Large underground reservoirs to strore rain water Proposed strategies at networ k scale

Open Reservoir Solar PV

Floating solar pv panel over open reservoirs to reduce evaporative loss

typology 1: elevated MRT corridors

typology 2: elevated MRT stations

typology 3: at grid MRT depots

typology 1: community parks

typology 2: open parks

typology 3: reservoirs

typology 3: reservoirs: reduced overflow

typology 4: waterways

typology 4: waterways: reduced overflow

typology 3: at grid MRT depots GREYWATER RECYCLING

GREYWATER RECYCLING

RAINWATER HARVESTING

507 MGD

9.7 %

2030

2060

0 MGD

CURRENT

MRT - RELATED DEVELOPMENT

0 MGD

771 MGD

14.7 %

2030

UNDERGROUND RESERVOIR

0.8%

2060

43 MGD

1.2%

CURRENT

INDUSTRIAL

64 MGD

1348 MGD

25.8%

2030

0 MGD

2060

CURRENT

2030

CURRENT

DEMAND AND SELF SUFFICIENCY

Central Catchment Western Catchment

Water Filteration Plant Changi Airport 2030

Water Filteration Plant

25 %

Open Catchment

NEWater

Jurong Industrial Area 2060

Tao Payoh Sports Complex 2060

Bedok NEWater Plant

107 MGD

172 MGD

43 MGD

10% 25 % 40 %

120% NEWater Desalination

507 MGD

Water Filteration Plant

Open Desalination Import Catchment

3 TAPS

10 %

Water Filteration Plant

DEMAND AND SELF SUFFICIENCY

430 MGD

based on population and food production increase

2030

Changi NEWater Plant

2060

DEMAND AND SELF SUFFICIENCY

435 MGD

based on population increase and food production

NEWater

Pulau Tekong Catchment: 34.20 MGD in 24.43km2

60 %

Seletar NEWater Plant

507 MGD

5 %

430 MGD

based on PUB Data

1191 MGD

107 MGD 323 MGD

Mandai Bus Depot 2030

Total Water Demand:

Desalination

75% SELF SUFFICIENT

Kranji NEWater Plant

NEWater

Import

77 MGD

Lim Chu Kang Park 2060

75%

4 TAPS

Open Catchment

430 MGD

120 % SELF SUFFICIENT

Pulau Ubin Catchment: 14.12MGD in 10.19km2

507 MGD

Extrapolation to island scale based on the building program

2060

OUTCOMES

32 Building Typologies

2030

NO PROPOSAL

AIRPORT

PARKS AND WATERBODIES

WAT E R

2018

1023 MGD

19.6%

64 MGD

CURRENT

NO PROPOSAL

EFFICIENT FIXTURES

UNDERGROUND RESERVOIR PROPOSED AT JURONG INDUSTRIAL AREA

115 MGD

0 MGD

RAINWATER HARVESTING

EFFICIENT FIXTURES

107 MGD

typology 3: at grid MRT depots

typology 1: community parks

Open Catchment

4 TAPS

UG Reservoir

100%

NEWater Open Catchment Underground Reservoirs Desalination

1191MGD

Tuas Desalination Plant

120 MGD

Open Desalination Catchment

2018 Scenario

700 600 500 400

CURRENT 0%

0 MGD

2030 18.9 %

990.6 MGD

2060

CURRENT

2030 0 MGD

NO PROPOSAL typology 1: roads

typology 2: HDB

typology 3: MLCP

typology 1: roads

typology 2: HDB

typology 3: MLCP

SPORTS AND RECREATION 2060 NO PROPOSAL

typology 1: roads

CURRENT 0%

0 MGD

2030 0%

0 MGD

160

120 110 100 1990

2000

2005

2010 2015 YEAR OF CONSUMPTION

2018

2030

2060

FOOD FACTORY

2060 2.28 %

170

130

100 1980

ROADS AND MOBILITY

180

140

200

SEAPORT

190

150

300

2030 Scenario

UG Reservoir

200

QUANTITY IN LITRES/DAY

Current Scenario

800

Introduction of Underground Reservoirs

Underground Reservoir 2060

900

All buildings recycle GreyWater

QUANTITY IN MILLION GALLONS

1000

Underground Reservoir 2030

Reclamation Plants

NEWater Plants

1100

Desalination Plant

NEWater

NEWater Plant

Expiry of Agreement 2061

Desalination Plant

64 MGD

5% 10 %

Water Filteration Plant

295.7

25 %

LEGEND

711 MGD

100 % SELF SUFFICIENT

1191 MGD 77 MGD

Great Southern Waterfront Jurong Desalination Plant

430 MGD

Tuas Megaport 2030

Marina East Desalination Plant

Mount Faber Park 2060

Jurong Island Catchment: 44.8 MGD in 32km2

684 MGD

Tuas NEWater Plant

Floating Farms Catchment: 109.2 MGD in 78km2

60 %

Water Filteration Plant

119 MGD

typology 1: sports complexes

typology 2: open sports fields

typology 3: golf courses

typology 4: school fields

CURRENT xx.x%

0 MGD

2030 10 %

526 MGD

2060 NO PROPOSAL

typology 2: HDB

typology 3: MLCP

GREYWATER RECYCLING GREYWATER RECYCLING RAINWATER HARVESTING RAINWATER HARVESTING EFFICIENT FIXTURES EFFICIENT FIXTURES UNDERGROUND RESERVOIR UNDERGROUND RESERVOIR

Elevated MRT stations

Elevated MRT stations with extended PV canopy

Overground MRT lines

Overground MRT lines with PV canopy

MRT depot type 2 with PV on roof

MRT Depot type 1

MRT depot type 1 with PV on roof

Solar efficiency: 18%

Solar efficiency: 22% 0.6 %

0.0 TWh

Solar efficiency: 30% 1.2 %

0.3 TWh

CURRENT

Singapore coastline

Singapore coastline with floating solar farms

2060

Design proposal for Changi Airport with rooftop solar PV and PV canopies on airport aprons

Changi Airport

2018

2030

Overground MRT lines with PV canopy

MRT Depot type 2

Design proposal for Industries with stacked typology housing solar PV on the rooftop and solar PV Canopies

Industrial site of Sungei Kadut

2018

2030

0.6 TWh

2060

Solar efficiency: 18% 0%

0.0 TWh

Solar efficiency: 22% 0%

CURRENT

MRT - RELATED DEVELOPMENT

0.0 TWh

Water reservoirs

Water reservoirs with floating PV

Water reservoirs

Water reservoirs with food farms and PV

Solar efficiency: 30% 10.9%

2030

5.45 TWh

2060

Solar efficiency: 18% 0%

Solar efficiency: 22% 28 %

0.0 TWh

CURRENT

INDUSTRIAL

Solar efficiency: 30% 38 %

14.1 TWh

Solar efficiency: 18% 0%

19.3 TWh

2030

2060

Solar efficiency: 22% 2.4 %

0.0 TWh

CURRENT

PARKS AND WATERBODIES

Solar efficiency: 30% 3.2 %

1.2 TWh

2030

1.6 TWh

2060

AIRPORT

ENERGY

OUTCOMES

BUILDING SCALE*

Proposed roof extension to maximise solar energy XS

(0.01 - 0.1 ha)

PARCELLATION TYPOLOGY S M L

(0.1 - 1 ha)

(1 - 7.7 ha)

(7.7 - 12 ha)

CURRENT

(12 ha+)

SINGAPORE ENERGY: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM?

70 2013 - 79% 2030 - 79% 2060 - 82%

2013 - 60% 2030 - 62% 2060 - 68%

2013 - 36% 2013 - 28% 2013 - 49% 2030 - 39% 2030 - 30% 2030 - 53% 2060 - 72% 2060 - 34% 2060 - 57%

49.6 TWh

*Parcellation study includes sports & industrial typologies

Sub stations Power Stations Waste-to-energy plants Natural Gas plants Solar PV installations

40 30 20 10

1.3 TWh

Current energy consumption versus solar production

Population

Panel efficiency

Increase due to food

Overshadowing

Percentage of EUI reduction

Carbon emissions

Renewable energy target

Carbon equivalency in TWh

2030: AN INTERIM SOLUTION

Paya Lebar 2018 - 0.63 TWh 2030 - 0.77 TWh 2060 - 1.05 TWh

SOLAR EFFICIENCY PROJECTED TREND

54.1 TWh

1.3 TWh

0 Rise in energy consumption due to food production & water desalination of 2030 versus current solar production

6.42 million

50.8 TWh

23.2 TWh

50.8 TWh

9.7 TWh 49.5 TWh

20 10

285W panel 22% efficiency 4.5 hours of sunlight

0 Final energy consumption increase in solar production from retrofit buildings and infrastructure

Today, Singapore’s highly efficient Twin REC module is a 285W panel with 18% efficiency. Conservatively, using the same panel, by 2030 the consideration is 22%, and 30% by 2060. 30% was considered peak solar due to multiple studies that conclude for that solar efficiency may peak at 30%.

XS - 80% S , M - 60% L - 30% XL - 20% XXL - 0% Carbon emissions Current - 8.6mT/capita Projected - 5.5 mT/capita 1 TWh = 419,200mT

6.4 TWh

39.4 TWh

20 10 0 Reduction in energy consumption due to EUI optimization versus solar production from retrofit buildings

2030

1.3 TWh

2060

20 10

0 Projected energy consumption of 2030 versus current solar production

60.5 TWh

CURRENT

70 60

2060: A BRIGHT FUTURE 70

Jurong Island 2018 - 2.91 TWh 2030 - 3.56 TWh 2060 - 4.86 TWh

LARGE SCALE SOLAR INSTALLATIONS 13

Western Port 2018 - 0.59 TWh 2030 - 0.72 TWh 2060 - 0.98 TWh

LEGEND

50 40 30

70.7 TWh

50 40 20

55.3 TWh

09 12

1.3 TWh

0 Projected energy consumption of 2060 versus current solar production

1.3 TWh

0 Rise in energy consumption due to food production and water desalination of 2060 versus current solar production

Demonstration of redesign proposal for Bishan Park Area

70.7 TWh 14

EXPRESSWAYS ARTERIAL ROADS MRT LINES MRT STATIONS

03 16

Marina South Farms East Coast Farms Changi Airport Farm Changi Coastal Farms Tekong East Farms Tekong West Farms North Pulau Ubin Farms South Pulau Ubin Farms

39.6 TWh

02 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08.

09. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Northern Bend Coastal Farms Seletar Farm Mandai Farm Kranji Reservoir Farm Sungei Buloh Coastal Farms Western Coastal Farms Tuas Seaport Farm Pandan Reservoir Farm

50 40

0 Energy consumption versus increase in production due to redesign of buildings

51.1 TWh

39.6 TWh

0 Decrease in energy consumption versus solar production

Demonstration of redesign proposal for Tuas MRT Depot Energy consumption 2018 - 49.6 TWh Population 2018 - 5,889,117

28 27

30 31 32

19 25

SEAPORT 0%

0.0 TWh Solar efficiency: 18%

2018

Proposed Site for Tuas Port

ROADS AND MOBILITY 2030

2060

0.0 TWh

7.6 %

Solar efficiency: 22%

CURRENT

3.8 TWh

Design proposal for Tuas Megaport with solar PV canopy comprised of transparent & opaque PV panels

Expressways

01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 10. 11.

3.2 %

1.6 TWh Solar efficiency: 22%

Central Water Catchment Mandai Woodlands Sembawang Simpang - Yishun Ang Mo Kio Bishan - Toa Payoh Novena Central District Bukit Timah Queenstown Bukit Merah - Sentosa CBD - Marina South Kallang Geylang - Marine Parade Serangoon - Hougang Sengkang Seletar Punggol Pasir Ris Paya Lebar Bedok Tampines Changi

2060 4.4 %

2.2 TWh

CURRENT 0%

Solar efficiency: 30% Expressways with PV Canopy

0.0 TWh Solar efficiency: 18%

Sports Complexes

2030 0.4 %

0.2 TWh Solar efficiency: 22%

Sports Complexes with PV Canopy

Spaghetti Junctions

Arterial Roads with PV Canopy

Junctions with roof solar on elevated food factories

Projected energy consumption 2060 - 55.3 TWh

51.1 TWh

Increase in consumption due to food - 15.4 TWh Reduction due to EUI optimization - 19.6 TWh

Renewable Energy production target - 51.1 TWh

Panel considered - TwinPeak REC 285W Solar efficiency considered - 30% Solar irradiance - 4.5 hours of direct sunlight

Overshadowing factor considered across parcels XS - 80% | S - 60% | M - 60% | L - 30% | XL - 20 % | XXL - 0%

10 0

Final energy consumption versus increase in solar production due to redesigne buildings & infrastructure

Carbon emissions considered - 8.6 mT/capita Reduction of LNG electricity production - 80 TWh Carbon equivalency factor - 1 TWh = 419,200 mT Projected carbon emissions 2060 - 3.5 mT/capita

FOOD FACTORIES

2060 0.4 %

Population 2060 - 6,561,117

61.8 TWh

SPORTS AND RECREATION

2030

Expressways with PV Canopy

Tuas Seaport Tuas Western Water Catchment Lim Chu Kang Sungei Kadut Choa Chu Kang - Tengah Jurong West Pioneer - Boon Lay Jurong Island Jurong East - Clementi Bukit Batok - Bukit Panjang

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

0.2 TWh Solar efficiency: 30%

Sports Complexes with PV canopy

2060

Arterial Roads

0.0 TWh Solar efficiency: 18%

Solar efficiency: 30%

24 23

CURRENT

22 09

07 02

School Fields

School fields with PV Canopy

Open fields

Open fields with rooftop solar on buildings

Golf courses

Golf courses with rooftop solar on buildings

Arterial Roads with PV Canopy

Junctions with roof solar on elevated food factories

CURRENT 0%

0.0 TWh Solar efficiency: 18%

2030 0.35%

0.17 TWh Solar efficiency: 22%

2060 0.45%

0.23 TWh Solar efficiency: 30%

Food factory typologies with PV on building rooftops

2030 2030

Outcome of Group 2 - Megha Bilgi, Shefali Lal & Anjali Dutt

PROPOSED MICRO-GRID DISTRICTS

hange E

BU Y

W !

to ick

BU Y to ick

F-

2018

Coastal Parks

2018- Sungei Kadut

2018

W !

Road Separator, MRT Lines

k e r- s o ft w a

hange E

F-

k e r- s o ft w a

Small Scale Medium Scale

Outdoor FarmingGrains -538.3 mT

Road, MRT Lines

Road Separator, MRT Stations

Outdoor FarmingFruits -2046 mT

Riverine Parks

Large Scale

Outdoor FarmingGrains -454.3 mT

Outdoor FarmingFruits -1606 mT

Nature Parks

2060- Sungei Kadut

2060

Community Parks Outdoor FarmingGrains -83.2 mT

Single-Use Depots

Small Scale

Indoor FarmingGrains- 15013mT Fruit- 1762 mt Fish 15300 mT

Mixed-Use MRT Depots

Indoor FarmingGrains- 23256 mT Fruit- 2027 mT Fish- 23700 mT

0 km2

1% Grains

19% Rice

CURRENT

No Proposal

13.06 km2

Mixed Industry

0 km2

Fish

Neighborhood Parks

Open Lawn

Restricted Reservoir

Unrestricted Reservoir

Outdoor FarmingFruits -1408 mT

Outdoor FarmingFruits -6952 mT

Indoor FarmingRice- 48069 mT Outdoor farming Soya - 11677 mT Fruits - 240086 mT

No Proposal

Fruits

39%

14% Berries

Mixed Industry

Medium Scale

19% Rice

2030

2060

2030

CURRENT

MRT - RELATED DEVELOPMENT

29.88 km2

0 km2

1600%

Fish

Fruits

Outdoor FarmingGrains +Fish -11374 mT

178 km2

No Proposal

2060

CURRENT

2030

Grains

2060

Mushroom

Indicator 1: As per Population

410 km2

2030

North East ZoneFloating Farms

Indicator 1: As per population

North West ZoneFloating Farms CURRENT

125 km2

2060

OUTCOMES

2060

2030

No Proposal

AIRPORT

PARKS AND WATER BODIES

Total Food Area:

2 km2

10.36 km2

2030

32 Buildings

2018

Rice

CURRENT

North ZoneFloating Farms

Extrapolation to island scale based on the building program

94%

0 km2

34%

INDUSTRIAL

FOOD

Outdoor FarmingFruits -3300 mT

Indoor FarmingMushroom- 30,000 Mt Rice - 1512 mT Outdoor FarmingGrains +Fish -1210 mT

376% Soya

2030

Outdoor FarmingFruits -2486 mT

Pulau Ubin Island Outdoor Farming Fruit Trees- 8 Sqkm Tekong Island Outdoor Farming Fruit Trees- 28 Sqkm

2018

2030

2060

0.15 Million

2.13 Million

6.6 Million

Indicator 2: As per Food Type 100

Changi Airport

50 40 30

Leafy

Rice

Others Including Pulses

Fruit Trees

Berries

Chicken

Pork

Fish

Eggs

Mushroom

CONSUMPTION PRODUCTION

90 80

2060

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Vegetable (Rooted)

Leafy

Rice

Others Including Pulses

Fruit Trees

Berries

Chicken

Pork

Fish

Eggs

Mushroom

Soyabean

Indicator 2: As per Food type

Vegetable (Rooted)

100

East ZoneFloating Farms

Food Factories

CONSUMPTION PRODUCTION

2030

West ZoneFloating Farms

CURRENT

Paya Lebar Airbase Fruit Trees2 Sqkm

100

CONSUMPTION PRODUCTION

Vegetable (Rooted)

Leafy

Rice

Others Including Pulses

2018

Fruit Trees

Berries

Chicken

Pork

Fish

Eggs

2030

2 SQM

Mushroom

Soyabean

2060

125 SQM

410 SQM

Indicator 3: As per Area Available

Jurong Island

Sentosa Island

Tuas Megaport

2030

CURRENT

Central ZoneFloating Farms

Legend Food- 2060 Food- 2030

St. John’s Island

Indicator 3: As per Area Available

Pulau Semaku Island

Outcome of Group 3 - Shuwana Tarannum, Siddharth Babbar & Harsh Vardhan

2060

Agrotech park

SEAPORT CURRENT 0%

0 km2

ROADS AND MOBILITY 2030

2060 3%

No Proposal

Fruits

43% Rice

2030

CURRENT 0%

0 km2

3% Fruits

400%

169% Berries

66.6 km2

4% Rice

SPORTS AND RECREATION 2060

11.5 km2

No Proposal

2030

CURRENT 0%

0 km2

1% Fruits

1.78 km2

2060

0 km2

3% Chicken

1% Rice

Open Sports Fields

Outdoor FarmingRice- 15,400 mT

30 %

100+%

2018

Vegetables

2060 No Proposal

7.54 km2

10%

15%

HDB-Multi Level Car Parkings

2060 Agrotech park MRT Roads Airports Park & water bodies Sports Food factories Industries Sea-ports Parks (Floating farms) Agrotech park (extension)

2030

CURRENT

No Proposal

Soya

HDB-Multi Level Car Parkings

2030 Agrotech park MRT Roads Airports Park & water bodies Sports Food factories

FOOD FACTORIES

Fish

2018

2018 Agrotech park

Fish

Outdoor FarmingFruits- 396 mT

2060

2060 Spaghetti Junctions

Spaghetti Junctions Golf Courses

Indoor FarmingRice- 30,000 mT Fish- 1512 mT Fruits- 55,000 mT

Outdoor FarmingRice- 15,120 mT Fruits- 1320 mT Hanging farms under Benjamin Sheares bridge- Soya 21 mT

Outdoor FarmingFruits- 3520 mT Outdoor Farming Fish- 125,000 mT Coconut- 8,366 mT

Indoor FarmingRice- 9167 mT Vegetables- 6048 mT Chicken- 6745 mT Fish- 85,000 mT Fruits- 17540 mT Soya- 1512 mT Pig- 13,000 mT

Changi Agro - Tech Park

Site : - Changi international airport Project Type - Agricultural Master plan

Project Team - Jhanvi Sangvhi & Bhavya Gandhi

EF EDEFDIEENIDENGIDGNI TN GTHGHET EH TCH ECI ETICTYICYTI YT Y

Food sufficiency and security are central to sustainable development. In Singapore, we demonstrate how left-over land can be developed into a food district. This proposal for intensive urban farming is sited on a land parcel next to Singapore’s Changi Airport. The Changi Agro-Food Park will be the embodiment of circularity: water, air & energy OS PAPmoving OLARSOAFinPLO O RRSOFTo APOLachieve ORASNFAthis, LDO LARweNIFapply DNOLTR Aprinciples EINNNDLTSAEof IV Nsystems I NED S TI VEthinking. UI ENNRSTBIU EWater AVN RNEB SA I FU VNAER RBFM AUAINRRNBM GAFI N AN RGM F AI NR GM I N G loops. systems, in particular, are designed to be overlapping and connected. This includes ood ncy ecurity and sufficiency are security Food central sufficiency and areto security central sustainable and to are security sustainable central development. are to central sustainable development. IntoSingapore, sustainable development. In Singapore, wedevelopment. demonstrate Inwe Singapore, demonstrate In how Singapore, we left-over demonstrate how left-over we land demonstrate can how land beleft-over developed canhow be land developed left-over can be land developed can be developed connections across elements and scales: building to building, building to landscape, his to strict. aproposal food This into district. proposal for a food intensive district. forproposal intensive urban Thisfarming for proposal urban intensive is farming for sited urban intensive on is sited afarming land urban onparcel aisfarming land sited next onto isasited Singapore’s land next on parcel to Singapore’s a land next Changi parcel Airport. Changi next toThe Airport. Singapore’s Changi TheAirport. Changi ChangiThe Airport. Changi The Changi landscape toThis infrastructure. Our proposal demonstrates how aparcel closed loop system is to Singapore’s gro-Food ark e the willorganised embodiment be Agro-Food Park the embodiment will be Park of the circularity: will embodiment of becircularity: the water, embodiment of airwater, circularity: andelement energy air of circularity: and water, moving energy air water, and in moving loops. energy airinTo and loops. moving achieve energy Tointhis, achieve moving loops. we this, apply intoloops. achieve we principles apply Tothis, achieve principles we of apply this,ofprinciples we apply principles of of spatially, how waste from one becomes the resource for another. DueTo king. ter stems systems, Water thinking. systems systems, in particular, Water thinking. insystems, particular, are designed systems, in are particular, designed toinbe particular, are overlapping todesigned be for overlapping areintensive and designed to be connected. overlapping and to connected. be farming overlapping This andincludes connected. Thisand includes connections connected. Thisconnections includes across This connections includes across connections across across the scarcity of land inWater Singapore, new typologies vertical have been building ements scales: and elements building to building, scales: to and building, building building scales:Seeding to building to building building, landscape, totolandscape, building building, landscape building landscape landscape, to animal infrastructure. to landscape, to landscape infrastructure. Our landscape toproposal infrastructure. Our to proposal demonstrates infrastructure. proposal how Ourademonstrates proposal closed how a closed demonstrates how a closed how a closed developed (see panel: the City) in to which breeding techniques such asOurdemonstrates hydroponic, and aquaponics are incorporated. Our proposal offers ised op is organised system spatially, loopissystem spatially, organised howaeroponics waste is how organised spatially, from waste one how spatially, from element waste one how element becomes from waste one becomes the from element resource one the becomes element resource for another. becomes thefor resource another. Duethe to for resource the Due another. scarcity to the for Due scarcity of another. land to the in of Due scarcity land to in theofscarcity land inof land in multi-systemic benefits relating to economics, food security and quality, social engagement, ogies ew ngapore, typologies forSingapore, intensive new for typologies intensive vertical new typologies for farming vertical intensive for have farming vertical intensive been have developed farming vertical been developed have farming (seebeen panel: have (see developed Seeding been panel:developed (see Seeding the City) panel: the in (see Seeding which City) panel: inanimal the which Seeding City) breeding animal inthewhich City) breeding animal in which breeding animal breeding health, place-making, and healthcare. uch ydroponic, chniques as hydroponic, techniques such aeroponics as hydroponic, aeroponics such andasaquaponics hydroponic, aeroponics and aquaponics are aeroponics and incorporated. aquaponics are incorporated. and aquaponics Our areproposal incorporated. Ourare proposal offers incorporated. Our multi-systemic offers proposal multi-systemic Our offers proposal benefits multi-systemic offers benefits relating multi-systemic to relating benefits to relating benefitstorelating to

Ste and Context

conomics, ood rity security and economics, quality, food andsecurity social quality, food engagement, and social security quality, engagement, and social health, quality, engagement, place-making, health, social place-making, engagement, health, and healthcare. place-making, health, and healthcare. place-making, and healthcare. and healthcare. Current Problems

nd Land ass Mass

Food Food F o o d F o oI m d p o r tI m s p o r t s I m p o r t Ism p o r t s Land D e m a nDde m a n d D e m a n dD e m d 2019 2 0a 1n 9 2019 2019 M a sPo s pula Popula tion tion Population Population

Land Mass

300 KG 300 KG300 KG 300 KG 5.6 Per person Per personPer person Per person 90 % 90 % 90 % 90 % q . KSMq . K MS q . K M S q M. Ki lMl iMo inl l i oMn i l l i M o ni l l i o n

7 2 .767 2 . 67 7 2 . 76 7 2 .5.6 6 5.6

5.6

/ year

Land mass 772 sq.km

Population 5.6 millon

Food demand 300 kg / person

Changi Changi Nutrient Nutrient Nutrient Agro- Nutrient AgroAgroAgroFish FarmFish Farm Plant Water Plant Metabolism nt Water Cycle Metabolism Cycle Cycle Cycle Metabolism Metabolism

Concept

95 30

/ year

Site : - Changi international airport - Singapore

/ year

Food imports 90% Fish Farm Fish Farm

Solar PV Solar PV Panels Panels

VegetableVegetable farming farming

Vegetable Vegetable farming farming

Less consumption of

Food Production Food Production Food Production Food Production % shipping fuel Area Area Area Area

ting Floating FarmsFish Farms

ating Floating ar Solar ms Farms

75 90

Floating Solar Farms

Market Market Market of seeds Less consumption zone zone zone for production

Market zone

Fish Breeding Fish Breeding Fish Breeding Fish Breeding

Less use of water through hydroponic farming Less use of land through

Community CommunityCommunity FloatingCommunity space space

farming space %Solar intensvespace Farmstechniques

High tech farming - Resource optimisation

Precision farming techniques - Multiple harvest

Site : - Changi international airport - Singapore

Seeding the city with new farming typologies The modern agricultural system is wasteful. Tones of agro-food waste is generated each year. Population growth is increasing global food demand at an exponential pace making the agricultural sector vulnerable. Much of this is due to present-day linear production chains. Traditional farming practices are land and resource intensive. This affects natural areas that are converted to large scale farming precincts to feeding the city. The key to resolving problems of ecological degradation and food security is to grow what is needed within the city, and to do this as a closed loop system. Seeding the City talks about the eight new farming typologies for the 21st century. These are utilise the minimum amount of land, water and nutrients by creating vertical stacking and circular loops that creates a system of systems.

Leafy vegetables farms

Off shore Fish farms

Rooted vegetables and mushroom farms

Poultry and Chicken farm

Fruit farms

Fooder system for animal husbandary

Off shore fish and leafy vegetable farm forming a symbiotic relationship 35

COW

PIG

FODDER

Yield per HA 43,800,000 liters milk / year

Yield per HA / cycle (52) 1,000,000 KG

FISH & CHICKEN Yield per HA / 9 month cycle 1,000,000 kg meat

18 liters / cow / day

15” Rainfall

52 MGD

0.90 ^9 TWH

0.10 ^9 TWH

0.68 ^9 TWH

Yield per HA 750 tons fish/year (6 c) Yield per sq.m 21.6 kg CHICKEN / year 0.06 MGD- Fish 270 MGDChicken

0.13 ^10 TWH- Fish 0.10 ^9 TWH - Chicken

FFruits E EandDvegetables I NTheGfarmfarm THE CITY makes use of aeroponics gardening, which is different than A

PROPOSAL

FOR

L A N D Isince N T EitNsprays S I V EwaterU directly R B A NontoF the A Rroots M I NofGthe plants. hydroponic Food sufficiency and security are central to sustainable In Singapore, demonstrate left-over land can This development. greatly reduces theweamount ofhow water, land andbe developed energy needed into a food district. This proposal for intensive urban farming is sited on a land parcel next to Singapore’s Changi Airport. The Changi for growing plants by incorporating nursery rack and growth racks Agro-Food Park will be the embodiment of circularity: water, air and energy moving in loops. To achieve this, we apply principles of integrated vertically allowing former cropland to go back to nature. systems thinking. Water systems, in particular, are designed to be overlapping and connected. This includes connections across elements and scales: building to building, building to landscape, landscape to infrastructure. Our proposal demonstrates how a closed

VEGETABLES

RICE

Yield per sq.m/year 120-150 kg

FRUITS

Yield per sq.m/ year (4 cycles) 15-17 kg

Yield per sq.m/year 50-80 kg

40 MGD

128 MGD

214 liter / kg

0.45 TWH

2.55 TWH

0.45 TWH

772.6

Changi Water Plant

90 %

Per person / year

Million

Nutrient Cycle

Imports 2019

300 KG

5.6

Sq.KM

New typologies for urban food farming

Food Demand

Population

AgroMetabolism

Solar PV Panels

Fish Farm

Vegetable farming

Food Production Area Fish Breeding

Market zone

Floating Fish Farms Community space

Floating Solar Farms

Environmental Performance

I n n ova t i o n & Tr a n s fe r a b i l i t y

Grain farms - Rice and Barley

Using aeroponics growing technologies, rice can be grown compactly with minimal water and land in use. The crop can be harvested 4 times Chicken Community Interactive Participationtemperature and justHousing by maintaining ambient humidity artificially. promenade Growth racks and germination racks are stacked on each floor for Food cultivating rice. factories

Water Drip

Feeder cafes

Deep Litter System Fresh food stalls Brooder

Wholesale store

Economic Viability

Mobility and connectivity infrastructure - including MRT, airport, roads, pedestrian paths ansd cycling tracks

Typical urban block

Water collection and recycling system linked to food production modules

Gallery spaces

Event spaces

Farmer’s Market

Social Inclusion

Research labs associated with Food Production

Community space with exhibition and gallery facilities

Poultry and Chicken farm

The farm integrates a combination of slatted floor and deep litter system that gives them a better control over product quality and consistency. Vertical integration of the broiler industry allows producers to combine different biosecurity and sanitation practices, housing technologies and feeding regimens to improve food safety.

Fish farms

These multi storey fish farms could potentially yield almost six times more than a conventional fish farm utilising the same land space. Leftover nutrients from the purification process will then be used for aquaponics farming. Each floor is equipped with 1.5m depth water tanks to breed various types of fishes.

Prosperity- Economic viability

Food Production Area Chicken Fish Breeding Housing

The vertical poultry farm controls multiple stage of production like breeder flocks, Market hatchery, grow-out flocks, processing plant, feed mills, etc. It offers control over product zone of quality and consistency through its slated floor and deep litter systems. The amount space and time used to achieve high yields, making this model economically viable. This is done in a humane manner such that animals have space to roam, with sufficient daylight and air.

Water Drip

s Floating Solar Farms

Community space

Environmental Performance

hangi Agro-Tech Park will generate food, water nergy deploying a circular economy approach. will keep resources and materials in use for as s possible by developing symbiotic relationships building, urban block and masterplan scales.

People - Social inclusion To address issues surrounding food scarcity, Changi Agro-Food Park will house a farmer market integrated within the proposed master plan. To address Asia’s aging population, Chicken Changi Agro-Food Park will house a farmer market that creates opportunities Housingfor seniors. The market ensure enhanced employment opportunitiesand financial security, promotes active aging and learning.

Feeder

Deep Litter System

I n n ova t i o n & Tr a n s fe r a b i l i t y

The fish farms have a symbiotic relationship with vegetable farms. This is a replicable and scalable typology. It Brooderhydroponic and aquaponics farming system. integrates The roof is designed to harvest energy and rain water.

Economic Viability

The vertical poultry farm controls multiple stage of production like breeder flocks, hatchery, grow-out flocks, Community Participation processing plant, feed mills, etc. Interactive It offers control over promenade product quality and consistency through its slated floor and deep litter systems. The amount of space and time used to achieve high yields, making this model economically Food viable. This is done in a humane manner such that animals factories have space to roam, with sufficient daylight and air. cafes

r System Event Fresh food Mobility and connectivity infrastructure including MRT, Gallery spaces stalls airport, roads, pedestrian paths ansd cycling tracks spaces

Brooder

Wholesale store Water collection and

Farmer’s Market

PROPOSAL

FOR

Planet - Environmental Performance

LAND

INTENSIVE

URBAN

FARMING

sufficiency and security are central sustainable In Singapore, left-over land can be developed The Changi Agro-Tech Park will generate food, watertoand energy deployingdevelopment. a circular Changiwe demonstrate how Nutrient

economy approach. This will keep resources and materials in use for as long as possible food district. Thisrelationships proposal for intensive urban farming by developing symbiotic at the building, urban block and master plan scales.is

AgroWater Plant Cycle sited on a land parcel next to Singapore’s Changi Airport. The Changi Metabolism

Food Park will be the embodiment of circularity: water, air and energy moving in loops. To achieve this, we apply principles of

ms thinking. Water systems, in particular, are designed to be overlapping and connected. This includes connections across Food Production

Areahow a closed nts and scales: building to building, building to landscape, landscape to infrastructure. Our proposal demonstrates

ystem is organised spatially, how waste from one element becomes the resource for another. Due to the scarcity of land in

pore, new typologies for intensive vertical farming have been developed (see panel: Seeding the City) in which animal

Market breeding zone

ques such as hydroponic, aeroponics and aquaponics are incorporated. Our proposal offers multi-systemic benefits relating to

mics, food security and quality, social engagement, health, place-making, and healthcare. Land Mass

Population

772.6

Floating 300 KG Solar

5.6

Sq.KM

Nutrient Cycle

Community space

90 %

Environmental Performance

AgroMetabolism

Food Production Area

Solar PV The Changi Agro-Tech Park will generate food, water Panels and Fish energy deploying a circular economy approach. Farm This will keep resources and materials in use for Vegetable as long as possible by developing symbiotic relationships farming at the building, urban block and masterplan scales.

Fish Breeding Chicken Housing

Market zone

ms Floating Solar Farms

Imports 2019

Per person Farms / year

Million

Progress - Transferability and innovation

hangi ater Plant

Food Demand

Floating Fish Farms

Community space

Water Drip

Feeder

Deep Litter System

System integration

Ferry terminal Floating fish and vegetable farm

Water

Straits of Singapore

Naval base Floating p.v

Food

Biodiversity

Public Space

Agrotech metabolism diagram

Resource Recovery

Cycling track

Changi terminal 5 proposal for 2030

Changi airport terminal at present

Changi Airport land parcel - 2020

Changi ferry terminal at present

Promendae

Changi exhbition centre Canal Farmers market

Beach

Place - Changi Agro - Tech Food Park - 2030

S U NGEI KAD UT 2050 History

SUN G E I K A D U T 2050

Solar PV

History

Sungei kadut industrial estate

Layers Layers

Energy

Pre-Independence Map 1958

1304 GWH

Legend Swampland

Site : - Sungei kadut - Singapore Project Type - Industrial

Project Team - Karthik, Anjali Dutt, Aleya & Bhavya Gandhi

Sungei kadut is a new generation industrial estate that is meant to be a catalyst for circular economy that is intelligent, generative, resilient & beautiful. The most important attributes identified for this re - development include the following : 1. Living systems : Responsible for revival of the ecosystem, its integration with the built environment, synergy of systems and most importantly forming closed loop ecosystems of energy, water, waste and materials within the development. 2. Livability centred around creating a cohesive environment, including social stability community living recreation and culture. 3. Heritage and identity : Reimagning the industrial estate as a creative hub by innovation orignality and a catalyst for change in industrial design. Adaptive reuse of a few significant buildings of site would establish connectivity and sense of place. 4. Economic optimization value addition and economic viability of the site.

The area in and around Sungei Kadut was mostly Swampland pre-Independence. Eventually, Water was channelled to create the Kranji Reservoir, and reclaim the marshland for use and developed as an Industrial Estate. The Rail Corridor, originally connecting CBD to Malaysia is defunct since 2011, and now has turned into a Green Corridor.

High Medium Low Legend Swampland

The Area in and around Sungei Kadut was mostly Swampland pre-Independence. Eventually, Water was channelized to create the Kranji Reservoir, and reclaim the marshland for use and developed as an Industrial Estate. The Rail Corridor, originally connecting CBD to Malaysia is defunct since 2011, and now has turned into a Green Corridor. Map 1980

Density Population

Map 2019

High Medium Low

Density 5.2 FAR

Legend Water Bodies Rail Corridor

2020’s - Estate

1980’s - Rail Corridor

Basement - 35.5% Ind (29.4) + Res (6.1) Agrotech - 18.6%

Background Research

The Sungei Kadut Industrial Estate exists today as a Mono-Land Use estate, with 5 sqkm of Built Up Area on the 6.5sqkm land.

Background Research Greater Sungei Kadut

Singapore

Greater Sungei Kadut

Heavy + Medium Industry - 20.5% Light Industry + Creative Cluster - 17.4% Residential + Mixed Use - 8%

Landuse

81% of GFA - Industrial

CANAL AS PURIFICATION

Naturalize exis�ng canals to catch and purify water on site and then deposited into the Kranji Reservoir CANAL AS PURIFICATION

Naturalize exis�ng canals to catch and purify water on site and then deposited into the Kranji Reservoir

Concept

Legend

Legend Hydrology Networks

Water Bodies Color Legend

Color Legend

Fresh Water Brackish Water

Fresh Water

Existing Blue

Brackish Water

Location of Major Water Bodies in Singapore

Establishing connections to the surrounding water bodies

Potential Hydrological Networks Existing Blue Potential Hydrological Networks

Pedestrian and Bicycle Lane

Activating the Green Patches around the site by creating Networks

Activating recreational green networks in the rail corridor and under the MRT Line

Establishing Biodiversity Corridors through the site to the rich biodiversity hotspots situated around the site

Slow Mobility

Legend Forest Green

Legend

Managed Green Scrubland

Biodiversity Corridors

Mangroves

Location of Major Biodiversity Hotspots and Managed Greens

Livability centred

Living systems

Adaptive reuse

Greener Economy

Existing Green

Recreational Green Networks

Creating Greens in the site to form a relationship

Existing Green Potential Green Networks Potential Green Networks Establishing an Agro-Belt between the Agrotech farms and Food Processing Centers through the Sungei Kadut Site

Kranji Water Reclamation plant aids the circularity for Agro-Tech sector

The Golden Quadrilateral would close the loops of the agrotech also at the neighbourhood region scale

Proposal

Primary Road Below Grade Road Secondary Road Streets MRT

Allocation of Agro-Tech sector would engage the residential sector situated around the Sungei Kadut site

Legend Agro-Belt Recycled Water

Legend

High Tech Farms

Grey Water

Agro-Tech Farms

Golden Quadrilateral

Food Processing Centers

Social Cohesion

Location of Agro-tech farms and Food processing centers

Agro-tech generating circularity with surrounding farms

Existing Agro-Tech Sector

Potential Agro-Belt Connections

Fast Mobility

Potential urban metabolism Greater Sungei Kadut

Mangroves Dense Forest

The proposed multi-storey recycling facility also helps to close the loops of the industrial sector The existing roads connecting to the woodlands check-point is a great potential for the allocation of industrial landuse around it

Managed Green Scrubland

Kranji Water Reclamation plant aids the circularity for industrial sector

Legend

Existing infrastructrue

Road Networks

1.1 GnPR

Recycled Water

Woodlands Check-Point

Grey Water

Existing Road Network

Landuse

Location of existing roads and other infrastructure

Green

Legend

Committed Site - Multi storeyRecycling Facility Kranji Water Reclamation Plant

Achieving Circularity for Industrial sector in the site

Potential close loop economy Potential Industrial Connections

Existing Infrastructure Facilties

Creating a central spine by establishing a connection through the MRT Station nodes

City

Factories outside the city

Divide into smaller units

Stack together to build skyscraper

Factories blend into the city

Activating pedestrian networks in the rail corridor and under the MRT Line

Pedestrian Networks emerging from the nodes connecting to different clusters

Blue Reservoir Sea

Legend

MRT Stations

Pedestrian Networks

MRT Lines

Pedestrian Networks MRT Stations Nodes

Location of Existing and Proposed MRT Stations

Wetlands

Existing metro corridor

Networks emerging from the MRT Nodes

Potential Nodes and Networks Existing Nodes Potential multimodal transit

Blue

22.94 MGD

Exis�ng Site

125.6 MWh of cooling load saved through ecosystem

Blue & Green Infrastructure Singapore Context

Industry Ca Rain Runoﬀ

1508 kg of air par�culate removed per year 210% air temperature regula�on performance

RIF

Note: Data derived from ESII Tool calcula�ons, ecosystem percentage taken rela�ve to a pris�ne rainforest the size of Sungei Kadut.

Proposed Site

Biodiversity

Kranji Reservoir Edge

200% natural par�culate removal performance

Biodiversity Connec�vity Logic

Exis�ng Site

Proposed Site

The site acts as a connection point for large areas of biodiversity in Singapore (Sungei buloh wetland reserves & central catchment ) Patch Size as well as for migratory birds and animals.

YIN

Industry Canal

Proposed Roo�op Green

ETL

Urban Cana

Building Runoﬀ

>100m patch 100m patch

50m patch 25m patch

Proposed Roo�op Green

<25m patch

Urban Canal

Patch Size >100m patch 100m patch

Urban - Bio

50m patch

PURI

25m patch <25m patch

Existing and proposed green patch & network

Building Runoﬀ

Urban - Biodiversity Canal

Proposed Ver�cal Green

Connec�vity >100m wide corridor 100m wide corridor 50m wide corridor

Proposed Ver�cal Green

25m wide corridor

Connec�vity >100m wide corridor 100m wide corridor

100M WIDE DENSE FOREST

Biodiversity

MRT

Biodiversity Belt

50m wide corridor 25m wide corridor

Bike Path

Existing and proposed water canal network

Roadside Bioswales

Road

Canal Enhancement 02

Canal Enhancement Fresh Water Brackish Water

Naturalized Edge

03 03

Fresh Water Naturalized Edge

Proposed Water quality control Habitat Species Habitat species

Habitat Species

Mangrove

Mangrove horseshoe crabs Red Mangrove

Mangrove horseshoe crabs

Biodiversity Corridor

Grey Heron

Common Goldenback woodpecker

Albizzia falcataria

Baya weaver

IST Y

CO R

RID

Biodiversity

Adap�ve Build

Residen�al Edge

Biodiversity Eco-Link

Common Goldenback woodpecker

Cinnamomum iners

YIN

Grey Heron

Dense Forest Cinnamomum iners

RIF

Water Primrose

Dense Forest

10 12

DIV

Wetlands Water Primrose

BIO

Mangrove Red Mangrove

Wetlands

Brackish Water

RIF

YIN

Residen�al

Biodiversity

Scrubland Albizzia falcataria

Scrubland Managed Green Rain Tree

Baya weaver

Yellow-vented Bulbul

Managed Green Water

Rain Tree Malayan Water Monitor

Water

Yellow-vented Bulbul

Rain Runoﬀ

Smooth-coated O�er

Bioswale Catchment deposit into canal

Social Promenade PURI

FYING

Building Runoﬀ

Urban - Biodiversity Canal

100M WIDE DENSE FOREST

WETLA

pedestrian circula�on

MRT

Adap�ve Reuse

Treetop Walkway

MRT

Biodiversity Belt

Bike Path

Roadside bioswales

Bike Path

Roadside Bioswales

Road

Pedestrian Path

BIO

DIV

IST

YC OR

RID

Biodiversity Corridor

Adap�ve Reuse Building

Social Plaza

RIF

YIN

RIF

Adap�ve Reuse

YIN

pedestrian circula�on

Residen�al Edge

Fauna Eco-link

Eco Link

Vehicular Path

Biodiversity Eco-Link Rain Runoﬀ

Roadside Bioswales

Social Plaza Bioswale Catchment deposit into canal

Canal Road Intersec�on

RESOURCE RECOVERY : Strategies

ENERGY Building Scale

Reduce Demand

From Solar PV panels Biomass

• District Cooling -Water Cooled Systems -Absorption Chillers

Biomass waste

Solar Energy

• • • •

• Passive Design -Urban Greens -Natural Ventilation

Daylight Solar Shading UHIE improved through greenery Natural Ventilation

Produce and Store

Solar

• Solar PVs -Rooftop and Floating PVs -Building Integrated PVs ( BIPV )

Chilled Water to/From Heat Exchanger

Solar PV panels on buildings

Energy to Microgrid

• Micro-grid -Substation -Battery storage

Biomass to Collection Center

Close Loops

Cluster Scale

• Waste To Fuel -Anaerobic Digestor -Eco-Refinery

Biomass Solar Energy

• Waste Heat -Trigeneration Plant -Absorption Chillers

Flow Diagram

Energy to Micro-grid Methanol

Biogas

Biomass to Anaerobic Digester

Chilled Water to/From Heat Exchanger

Biotic Abiotic Chiller pipes

Chiller pipes

District Scale

Island Scale

Floating Solar PV panels

Power plants Substations Microgrid Trigeneration plant

r PV panels over MRT line

n s

District cooling plant

Outcome

Anaerobic Digester

GWH 3000

District cooling plant

Ecorefinery

2000

Tri-gen Plant

1000

Micro grid

Projected demand on 5.1 FAR

Demand reduction

2018

2050

Demand

+ Solar : 85% + Biogas : 15% + Methanol + Waste heat

Supply

2018 Demand : 1344 GWH Supply : 0 GWH District cooling plant

2050 Projected Demand : 3420 GWH (5.1 FAR) After Demand Reduction : 1850 GWH Supply : 1304 GWH Reduction achieved using : 1. District cooling plant 2. Passive design strategies Collaborative Outcome of ISD Batch 2018-2019

RESOURCE RECOVERY : Strategies

WATER Building Scale

Reduce Demand

Rainwater

Rainwater getting filtered from green terrace

Treated Grey-water

• Reduction of Evaporation Losses

Grey-water Black water

• Waterless Flushing • Low-flow appliances

Produce and Store • Strom water Detention Rainwater to Bioswale

• Greywater recycling and redistribution

Potable water to building

Close Loops

Black-water to Kranji Reclamation Plant

Grey Water to Grey water recycling plant

• Wetlands

Cluster Scale

• Bioswales • Mangroves

Rainwater

Black-water to Kranji Reclamation Plant

Treated Grey-water

• Treatment Plants -Rainwater -Grey-water

Grey-water Black water

-Black-water

Flow Diagram

Bio

sw alle

Black water

New water

Industrial water

Potable water

Rainwater from Bioswale/Canal to reservoir Grey water

Treated water

Black water

Grey-water Treatment Plant

Potable water to building

District Scale

Kranji reservoir Wetland

Island Scale

Mangroves Straits of Johor Anaerobic Digester

Bioswales

Desalination Plant

New Water plant

Reservoir (Rain water)

Water Treatment plant

Greywater treatment plant

Blackwater treatment plant

Outcome MGD 16 12 8 4 0

Potable water

Non-potable water

Demand

Supply

Demand Potable water : 5.5 MGD Non-Potable water : 14.3 MGD

Supply Potable water : 6.3 MGD Non-Potable water : 16.64 MGD

Collaborative Outcome of ISD Batch 2018-2019

RESOURCE RECOVERY : Strategies

NUTRIENTS Building Scale

Reduce Demand

Urban Farming

• Aeroponics • Hydroponics

Community Farming

• Aquaculture

Produce

& Co

Phytoremediation

• Biochar • Enzyme

• Algae • Anaerobic Digestor

ma tic Sys tem Waste Collection Centre

Nutrient

Close Loops

Cluster Scale

• Nutrient Recovery Plant • Waste Management System -Recycling Centres • Aquaponic

Zon

ch -te gro

Flow Diagram e

n l Zo

Food Waste

tia den

i Res Agriculture Waste

tic ma

tem Sys

Waste Segregation Industrial Waste

Anaerobic Digester Compost Enzymes Recovery

Bio-gas

Urban farming on rooftops ommunity gardens on terraces

District Scale

Island Scale

Agrotech Urban farming on terrace

Community farming Agrotech

Outcome KG/PP/YR 90

0 Rice

Leafy Veg

Rooted Chicken Veg

Fish

Singapore Demand

Fruits

Mushrooms

Sungei Kadut Supply

Singapore demand achieved in % • Rice • Leafy Veg • Rooted Veg • Chicken • Fish • Fruits • Mushrooms

: 32% : 56% : 17% : 5% :8% : 4.7 % : 200 %

22% target achieved within seven food categories

Collaborative Outcome of ISD Batch 2018-2019

RESOURCE RECOVERY : Strategies

MATERIAL Building Scale

Reduce Demand

Domestic Waste

• 100% Recycled Material

Industrial Waste

• Reuse Demolished Material • Designing for Extended Life of Products

Produce • Polycentric Pneumatic Collection Systems • Material Passport -Abiotic Waste Segregation -Record and Transfer to Relevant

Repa

Domestic/Industrial waste to waste Collection

Centre

Close Loops

Cluster Scale

• Biotic Materials -Anaerobic Digestor Domestic Waste

• Abiotic Materials -Upcycling and Repair Centres -Recycling Centres

Industrial Waste

Flow Diagram

Industrial waste collection center

Metal

Timber

Paper

Plastic

• Up-cycling / recycling center • Repair case • Eco refinery Domestic waste collection center

Biotic Abiotic

• Eco Refinery • Recycling Center

District Scale

Island Scale

Waste recycling & upcycling centre

Incineration Plants

Repair cafe

Semakau Landfill Waste collection/ Segregation center

Repair cafe

air cafe Waste collection (Industry) Ecorefinery

Outcome Production vs Recycling Rate in % 100 80 60 40

Waste collection / segregation plant Waste collection / segregation plant

20 0

Plastic Food

Ash & Sluge

Recycling

Glass

Paper Agrotech Waste

Target recycling to be achieved

Major Recycling technology incorporated: • Ecorefinery (Plastics) • Anaerobic digester (Food & Agrotech Waste) • Construction Industries (Ash, Glass & Paper)

Collaborative Outcome of ISD Batch 2018-2019

FLOW ENABLERS Strategies

District Scale

Land Optimisation

Basement Level 1 & 2

• Digital Autonomous Warehouse Storage Systems DC 1

• Shared Facilities

Base

Logistics hub

DC 1

DC2

Trigeneration Plant WCP DC 3

• Basement Optimization

DC 3 Logistics hub Vehicular basement

Smart Infrastructure Networks

Chilled water plant

• Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV)

Basement Level 4

• Services Tunnel for heavy vehicle movement

Basem

DC 1

Logistical Nodes

DC2

• Logistics Hub -Automated storage and retrieval

Trigeneration Plant WCP DC 3 Heat rejection to the canal

System (ASRS) Services tunnel

-Data clouds

MRT Station

Underground Datum

ement Level 3 Logistics hub

Trigeneration Plant

Lvl +0.0m: Ground

Eco-refinery

Lvl -3m Logistics hub

AGV tunnel

Lvl -15m: Service tunnel

ment Level 5 & 6

Trigeneration Plant

Lvl-24m: AGV

Eco-refinery Lvl -28m: Underground pipes MRT Line

MRT Station

Lvl -34m: MRT line

Collaborative Outcome of ISD Batch 2018-2019

SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENABLERS Strategies

Distric

Consumer Behavior • Repair cafe

Arts and Cultural Center Matlabs

Community Farming

• Adaptive reuse conservation • Upcycling / Reuse/ Second hand Stores

Repair Cafe Repair Cafe

• Community Farming and Flea Market • Convention Centre/ Arts and Culture • Institution and Recreation

Flea Market

Products • Material research lab • Repair cafe • Activation centre • Textile/Fashion/Furniture Design Workshops • Bio-based industry Workshops Business • Start-Ups

Prod

Promoting Upcycling of products

Encourage repair of products

Old clothes, furniture and household products can be reused to create useful materials

Repairing defective products to enhan

Boost product knowledge through education

Advocate material innovatio

• Offices

Teaching the community about making product use more intensive

Material labs and institutes will promo

• Shared Spaces

Community Farming

Attaining efficiency with prod

Fostering people engagement through community activities such as farming

Making products more and more effic

Stimulate heritage and cultural appreciation

Nurture bio-based products

Art and Culture centers can help connect people with their cultural heritage

Using workshop and community as as

• Retail

• Industry • Design Studio

Consumer Behavior

ct Scale

Island Scale

Bio Based Workshops Retail Stores Art and Culture High-tech hub sustainable Economic hub material hub

Coworking

White Sites

Sungei Kadut as the new “socio- economic hub”

Outcome Smart use and manufacturing as well as useful application of products can really help in prolonging a product’s life and adding to its value thus adding to a circular economy.

ducts

Business

Adjacency to White sites

nce material reuse and to prolong product life

Locating white sites adjacent to industries to promote innovation in industry

on through mat-labs

Adding value

ote repair and re-purposing of products

Retail stores that sell upcycled and reused products to manifest a hip neighborhood.

duct design workshops

Nurturing creativity and collaboration in studios

cient by redesigning them.

Having studios in close proximity to industries and public area to promote collaboration

ssets to focus more on bio based products

Shared/ Co-working spaces Promoting low rent shared spaces to invite artists and designers to build startups.

Repair cafes and design institutes can serve as institutes to help extend a product’s life and also innovate in manufacturing to help rethink the production process. Cultural and community spaces can help enhance behavioural changes in people thus fostering a sense of responsibility for change. Collaboration areas with flexible and shared spaces in close proximity to transit points and allied industries will not only boost the economy but also bring about a shift in the working culture which promotes exchange of ideas and knowledge.

Collaborative Outcome of ISD Batch 2018-2019

Factory in a forest Factory in a Forest is a model of industrial urbanism that reverses the flaws of the existing Sungei Kadut. Here, factories are designed to be high-density, modular, and vertically stacked. Co-location of heavy-medium industries with agro-tech farms creates circular flows of energy and materials. Each building is linked to a large basement at the heart of which is a logistical centre. Heavy traffic is diverted to this datum; material flows in and out of Sungei Kadut are linked to local network of mover systems, thereby freeing the ground for public space and farming. Pedestrian and cycling pathways connects the MRT station to waterfront promenades and the Rail Corridor. The forest here is the dense blue-green cover that offers a biophilic experience for visitors and ecosystem services to industries, such as the cleansing of water and noise attenuation.

Farms

Strategies 1. Biophilic experience 2 Past

Present

Future

2. Stacking factories

1 Eco Garden

Present

Future

3. Connectivity + Green

R&D 58

Adaptive Reuse

Nutrient Recovery

= Public Realm

Algae Refinery

Ecosystem

Enzymes

Heavy industries

Light industries

5. Industrial symbiosis 59

Agrotech - Industrial C 60

Closed Loop Ecosystem 61

Chicken

To close resource flows loops Loops

To reduce carbon footprint of industries

To recover nutrients from various sources

Roots & Vegetables

To sequester carbon removed from the atmosphere by biochar-plant

100

250

Modularity & adaptability

Grains

Section 01

Photovoltaic

Agro-tech

Industries Hydroponic

Aeroponic m

4.5m

Aquaponic

Tray System

Frame System

Rice

Lettuce

Barley

Watermelon

Grain System Tomatoes

Spindle System Mushrooms

Stack System Endive

9m 30

Orchard

Aluminum & Steel 30 fabrication

Bio-Chemical

Textile Industry

Textile Recycling

IT maintainence

Precision Engineering

Rubber Recycling

Precision Engineering

Arugula

Pear

Potato

Kale

Apple berries

Onion

Basil

Pre-fab Industry

Automobile Repair

Bio-technology

Metal Recycling

Chemical Industry

Mustard

Lime

Brinjal

Cilantaro

Construction Industry

Furniture Industry

Food Processing

Concrete recycling

Biotechnology

Paper Industry

Warehouses

Fibre Board

Automobile spare parts

Spinach

Chard

12m

Adaptive Re-use

1. Adaptive reuse Leguminous Plants

Lemon

COMBINATION OF SLATTED FLOOR AND DEEP LITTER SYSTEM SUPPORT SYSTEMS REQUIRED: Brooder Guards, slatted and litter floors, Fans, ventillation grills, Automated water and feeding system, Artificial light, Litter management, Egg storage, water storage, feed storage, etc.

Photovoltaic

WATER CONSUMPTION

270 MGD

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

0.10^ Twh

FEED REQUIRED

69000Tones/ha

TEMPERATURE

23° - 35° C

HUMIDITY LIFE-CYCLE / YEAR YIELD PER SQ.M / CYCLE

(21.6 KG\Yr)

2. Public Plaza

01- The adaptive edge

Photovoltaic SUPPORT SYSTEMS REQUIRED: Germination racks, Nursery racks, Rice growth tray 12m x 4m, Storage containers, Loading & Unloading areas, Staff areas, Administration offices, A.C., Humidifier, Artificial Light, Fan, CO2 Regulator, Pumps, Nutrient Solution, and other M & E services.

WATER CONSUMPTION

40 MGD

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

0.45 TWH

FEED REQUIRED

20 Kg/HA

TEMPERATURE

15° - 25° C

TEMPERATURE

25° - 30° C

50 - 60 %

HUMIDITY

90 - 95 %

HUMIDITY

60 - 80 %

6 (7weeks/C)

LIFE-CYCLE / YEAR

4-5 (120days)

LIFE-CYCLE / YEAR

3.6 KG

YIELD PER SQ.M / CYCLE

(150 KG\Yr)

30 KG

YIELD PER SQ.M / CYCLE

4.2 KG

SUPPORT SYSTEMS REQUIRED: Nurseries, Germination rack, Trolleys, Packing tables, Temperature Controller, Pump, Humidifier, UV Light, Admin offices, Shipping, Seedling green house, Carbon sequestration, Anaerobic digestor, etc.

WATER CONSUMPTION

128 MGD

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

2.55 TWH

FEED REQUIRED

40 Kg/HA

Public Open Space

MRT

Adaptive Re-use

02- The public spine Sectio

Wetland

Chicken 0

Roots & Vegetables

Section 01

25 Photovoltaic

Adaptive Re-use

Grains

Sectio

Orchard

Section 2

Sectio

Tomatoes

High-rise factory14,000,000 m

Land-based factory

Section 02

Legends

Major Axis Agro-tech

Light industries Commercial Medium industries Mixed use Adaptive reuse

Fast mobility Commercial

Public Open Space

Mangroves

Orchard

Pedestrian/ bicycle track

Wetland

3. Old Railway corridor 0

on 03

03- Revived rail corridor

SUPPORT SYSTEMS REQUIRED: Nurseries, germination rack, trolleys, packing tables, tempreature controller, pump, humidifier, UV light, amin offices, shipping, seeding green house, cabon sequesteration, anaerobic digester, etc.

WATER CONSUMPTION

214 L/Day

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

0.45 TWH

FEED REQUIRED

250 Kg/HA

04- Walk in a orchard

4. Orchard Avenue

Slow mobility

SUPPORT SYSTEMS REQUIRED: Conveyor belts, cranes, forklifts, freight, elevators, industrial lifting equipments, gantry grinder cranes, loading & unloading area, waste shortage area and assembly area, storage, guided rail cranes, scissor lifts, data management system

23° C

TEMPERATURE Agrotech HUMIDITY

75 - 95 %

LIFE-CYCLE / YEAR

YIELD PER SQ.M / CYCLE

63.5

Industries

Public Open Space

Tomatoes

Orchard

Land-based factory

High-rise factory

Section 02

on 1

Legends

Agro-tech

Light industries Commercial Medium industries Mixed use Adaptive reuse

Commercial

Public Open Space

Mangroves

on 03

Orchard

Wetland

Section 3

Ramdullari Site : - Kolkata, West Bengal - India. Project Typology - Mutli Famliy Residential Development Project Team - Arshad Dastur (Ass. Director), Jitendra Patel and Bhavya

Ramdullari is a medium density, multi-family residential project in Kolkata, that incorporates a portion of high-income housing, sustainable practices and consideration for the kind of future that developments like this can create. Passive environmental design strategies for the tropics are integrated with an aim of becoming net-zero in energy use. Sky gardens, and sky parks are formed creating layers of green spaces at multiple datums with an intent to integrate social, economic and ecological components to create a “holistic community”.

Concept

Building Form & Footprint

East - West Orientation

Sky Gardens

Stone Facade

Summer Solstice 84O Sunrise at 4.55 am Sunset at 6.23 pm

Winter Winds North east winds 2. m/s

Winter Solstice 43O Sunrise at 6.12 am Sunset at 4.56 pm

Summer Winds South west winds 3 m/s

Site and Climate Analysis

Sustianable Elements

Solar Pv

Grey water recycling

Waste Management

Rain water harvest

Bioswales 75 % Permeability

Water Storage

Grey water recycling

200 % Green plot ratio

Evaporative cooling 68

Passive Design Strategies 45o

Orient towards winds

Cross Ventilation

Natural Daylight

Vegetative Cooling

Ventilated Facade

Tree shaading Daylight

Service Core Placement

Thermal comfort

Air quality

Noise absorbtion

Typical Floor Plan

Biophilia 71

Lobby

Ground floor plan

F- Residence Site : - Mumbai, Maharashtra - India. Project Type - Residential - Multi family Project Team - Jay Shah (Principal), Siddhesh Kale and Bhavya

F- Residence encapsulates the essence of a green square - sustainability, diversity and affordability. Due to the geometry of the plot, the scheme consist of 3 elongated towers arranged perpendicular to each other, between them, forming an L and making to locate the units with optimal views and orientation. Between the towers a central garden is generated as part of the projects open space. The development consist of 128 units in its first phase with 4 typologies of residential units for middle income housing group. Each unit is planned to achieve maximum cross ventilation, sufficient day light and effective solar shading to minimise the energy demand of the development.

Concept

Site and building footprint

Defining Wings & Zones

Programatic Division

Urban block

Access

Diversification Note : Reference to MVRD A101 Urban Block

Courtyard block

Service Core

Identification

Legend 1. Entry gurdhouse 2. Entry drive way 3. Driveway roundabout 4. Scultpture 5. Lounge Area 6. Driveway drop - off 7. Tower A & B 8. Accent scultpure 9. Childrens pool 10. Temple 11. Driveway ramp 12. Childrens play area 13. Staircase 14. Tower C 15. Tower D,E & F 16. Club house 17. Eco Corridor 18. Lap pool 19. Open lawn 20. Mound garden 21. Amphitheater 22. Fitness corner 23. Viewing pavilion 24. Multi purpose field 25. Jogging track 26. Accupressure walkway 27. Senior citizens park 28. Barbecue Area 29. Sky Garden 30.Sky Park 31. Skating Rink 76

11 4 13

Phase 1 5

Phase 1 6

3 14 30 6

20 31

21 23

27 13

28 10 22

29 15 30

17 29

3 26

12 2

Tower A & B ( Phase 1 )

Waiting lounge

Lobby 2

Ground Floor Plan 78

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Lobby 1

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

Typical Floor Plan Tower A & B

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

24 25 25

The Club House 82

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

8 9

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK ST

Porosity

Maximiszing Views

Shading the Pool

Section AA’

Legend : Club house 1. Men’s changing room 2. Women’s changing room 3. Lobby 4. Pool deck 5. Jacuzzi 6. Lap pool 7. Children’s pool 8. Multi Purpose Room

2 4

Ground Floor Plan 85

Slice Cafe Site : - JID Launchpad, Jurog Industrial District - Singapore Project Type - Mixed Used Project Team - Yang En Tan, Shu Rui, Jhanvi Sanghvi & Bhavya Gandhi

Re - imagining the future of food. Increasing global population and rising incomes are straining our current food systems. Global food demand is expected to double by 2050, and the challenge of increasing food production is made tougher by phenomena such as climate change and urbansation. The following problem, if unsolved, will only exacerbate the vulnerabilities of our current food systems, even as it strives to meet the demands of consumers globally. The time has come for us to reimagine how we grow, process and consume food optimally and sustainably.

Concept Imgaine a food system that is ‘zero miles’ and decentralised such that every community grows locally where consume and is self sustainable in their food supply.

Production

1 5

SLICE

Recycling

4 Consumption

Logistics

3 Preparation

The interchange Site : - Ahmedabad, Gujurat - India. Project Typology - Transportation

Team- Individual Design Dissertation

The Ahmedabad Transit Centre is a proposal for a multi modal transportation hub, a mixed used development and a new urban landscape model for the capital of Gujarat. It is positioned to greatly expand the scope and connectivity of the city’s infrastructural networks which will serve as a catalyst for transformation and economic vitality of Ahmedabad that is quickly becoming a model for urban living, transit oriented development and a new source for generating revenue for the Railways. This hub will also acts as a nexus of commerce where strands of retail, office, and transit hotel development will be linked across an elevated landscape. Hence developing a matrix to highlight key attributes that are highly supportive to inter modal and multi modal transportation facility. The new interchange will be the linchpin for an efficient transportation system. This new paradigm recognizes that the ultimate goal of transport activity is to expand the range in modes of transportation and their interlinking them by means of inter-modality and hence it stimulates the idea of using public transportation instead of the private due to its first mile and last mile strategy.

Concept

Maximising the platforms to 16 from 12

The Unlocking networland parcel wth new elevated terminal

Mixed used development as new buisness model

Mass Rapid transit integration

A ner urban landscape connectivity

Exteded roofs to harvest solar energy

relocate the freight terminal

1. inital proposal by multiple agencies

2. network integration

3. maximum daylight a

Process diagram for integrating m

Green Corridor

Private Vehicle

Feeder service Taxi Stand

Escalators

Parking

Departure Zone

Private busses

Foot over bridge

intra - City trains

Waiting lounge

Regional trains

Sub urban

at the platform levels

4. horizontal & vertical connectity

5. structure and shell of the development

metro and bus rapid transit system

n trains

Arrival zone

Parcel office

Freight Trains

interstate bus Terminal

Freight Terminal

Bus rapid transit

Metro

Mixed Use Development

Charging Station Park & Ride

Section AA’

Legend 1. Exhibition centre 2. Terminal wing west 3. Terminal wing east 4. Convention centre 5. Control room 6. Hotel 7. Hotel Type 2 8. Metro station 9. Adminstration building 10. Entrance 11. Drop off zone on ground

Foot over bridge

Platform Level

Service core & ramps

Subway / underpass

1 11

8 11 2

11 10

Floor plan at gound floor / platform level

Legend

Drive way to terminal

Public and private arrival and departure zone

Amenity zone

Service core

100

1. Exhibition centre 2. Terminal wing west 3. Convention centre 4. Hotel 5. Hotel 6. Bus rapid transit station - West 7. Departure Zone 8. Waiting Zone 9. Arrival zone 10. Ticketing area 11. Adminstration zone 12. Bus rapid transit station - East 13. Parcel office 14. Drop off zone on ground

11 10

Floor plan at 12m level

101

Western entrance at ground

102

Green corridor

Public Realm

Mixed Use Development

Section BB’

103

Platform

104

Wind Cones

Service Core

Foot over bridge

Section CC’

105

Taj lands end hotel Site : - Mumbai, Maharashtra - India. Project Type - Hospitality

Team - Individual Competiton

The competition called for new ways of seeing buildings and their relation to its city as the health of a system as a whole is affected with the insertion of every new development. The new development not only stands as an iconic building but also proves to be generous, restorative and net positive. It aims to strike a balance in form, functions and sustainability through its curvaceous shape that mimic an inverted umbrella harvesting water and energy from it large overhanging roofs. The duo towers forms an atrium through its organic shape that creates a venturi effect hence elevating the air speed to rotate the wind turbines located at multiple levels. The organic shape of the towers unearths the idea of providing more spatial flexibility which integrate high tech vertical farming to its most luxurious hotel room hence providing a unique spatial experience at every level.

Concept

Inverted Sky

Massing

106

Stepped geometry

Aerodynamic form

107

Program High Tech - Intensive farming Infinity pool and sky lounge Hotel room - Type 5 & 6 Apartment Service Core Waste Management Hotel room - Type 3 & 4 Hotel room - Type 1 & 2

Apartments - Type 3 & 4 Apartments - Type 1 & 2 Spa, infinity pool & health care Mechanical floor & load transfer Buisness lounge & banquet hall Multi cuisine restaurant Drop off, lobby & coffee shop Back of house & main Kitchen

108

Level 0

Level 8

Level 16

Level 24

Level 1

Level 9

Level 17

Level 25

Level 2

Level 10

Level 18

Level 26

Level 3

Level 11

Level 19

Level 28

Level 4

Level 12

Level 20

Level 30

Level 5

Level 13

Level 21

Level 32

Level 6

Level 14

Level 22

Level 34

Level 7

Level 15

Level 23

Level 37

109

Structural bracing

Steel dagrids

Service core

Mechancal floor

110

SECTION AA’

SECTION BB’

111

Legend Ground floor 1. Service Road 2. Entrance 3. Main kitchen 4. Loading and off loading 5. Service Core 6. Staff canteen 7. Staff changing room 8. Laundry 9. House keeping

First floor 1. Drop off area 2. Entrance lounge 3. Reception & front office 4. Bar 5. Main waiting lounge 6. 24 hour coffee shop 7. Satellite kitchen 8. Toilet 9. Air handling units

Fifth floor 1. Multi-cuisine restaurant 2. Multifunctional hall 3. Bar 4. Waiting lounge 5. Buffet area & Prefunction area 6. Theatre 7. Banquet hall 8. Toilet 9. Satelite kitchen

5 6 3 5

3 8 9

Seventh floor 1. Roof top restaurant 2. Kitchen 3. Jacuzzi 4. Thermal pool 5. Deck 6. Swimming pool 7. Changing room 8. Health care 9. Spa 112

A Ground floor plan Back of house and kitchen

Frst floor plan Drop off, lobby and coff

fee

2 8

9 9

Fifth loor plan Buisness lounge & banquet

Seventh floor plan Spa, infinity pool & health

113

Legend Typical hotel and floor plan 1. Hotel Typical floor plan 2. Apartment level floors plan 3. Atrium

1 3

114

8th floor plan Typical Hotel and Apartment - Type 1

36th floor plan Typical Hotel and Apartment T

Type 2

115

10. Spiritual Centre Site : - Karjat, Maharashtra - India. Project Type - Institutional

Project Team - Individual

Architects often aim to infuse their creations with meaning, but one type of structure demands something particularly moving-a spiritual building. The most successful churches, chapels, temples, synagogues, and mosques have at least one thing in common: architecture that transforms raw, earthly materials into compositions so powerful they evoke something beyond our world. Spiritual Architecture are not just places of spiritual pilgrimage, but architectural pilgrimage where religion is getting a redesign. These are buildings that demonstrate how new ideas and developments in urban, domestic, and public architecture inform of designs for spaces intended for inspiration, worship and meditation.

Concept Water

Air

Integrating Fire

Earth

+ Abstracting

116

117

Concept

Massing

Open - Meditation Space Amphitheater Semi-Open Meditation Space Art Therapy Promenade

Zoning

Structure

Summer Solstice 79O

Winter Winds

Sunrise at 6:02am Sunset at 07:19pm

North east winds 2.75 m/s

Winter Solstice 46O Sunrise at 07:07 am Sunset at 06:06 pm

Space

Summer Winds South west winds 4.4 m/s

Climate Analysis 118

SECTION

N AA’

119

Legend : 1. Water Well 2. Art gallery 3. Multi function space 4. Kitchen and Kitchen garden 5. Lobby 6. Cafe 7. Promenade 8. Workshop 9. River

6 7

2 3 3

Ground Floor Plan

7 1

Section BB’ 120

121

Legend : 1. Well 2. Pranayam space 3. Meditation space 4. Passage 5. Amphitheater 6. Lobby 7. Toilets 8. Ramp 9. River

2 8

1 3 4

First Floor Plan

Section CC’ 122

123

THE JOURNEY 2. Entrance breezway courtyard

1 The promenade and ramp

124

3. The staircase to medita

4. With wind - sound - space & water

5. Pranayam space

ation space

125

Work Experience

Talati and Panthaky Associated

126

Jan 2016 June 2018

Residential Development - Mumbai

June 2017 June 2018

Residential Development - Mumbai

March 2018 June 2018

Residential Development - Mumbai

March 2018 June 2018

Club House - Mumbai

3 years, 8 months

| Architectural Assistant

Multi family residential development - 360 units - for mid income group Total built up area - (1,80,000 sq. ft) Scope of work : Design development and Construction drawings

Multi family residential development - 48 units - for mid income group Total built up area - (75,000 sq. ft) Scope of work : Construction drawings

Multi family residential development - 120 units - for mid income group Total built up area - (1,25,000 sq. ft) Scope of work : Concept to Schematic design stage.

Banquet Space, Swimming Pool & ulti Functional room Total built up area - 3,000 sq. ft Scope of work : Design development and Construction drawings

July - 2015 Jan 2016

Residential Development - Kolkata

July - 2015 Jan 2016

Residential Development - Mumbai

July - 2015 Jan 2016

Residential Development - Mumbai

July - 2015 Jan 2016

Residential Development - Mumbai

Multi family residential development - 24 units - for high income group Total built up area - (95,000 sq. ft) Scope of work : Concept and schematic design.

Multi family residential development - 43 units - for high income group Total built up area - (1,35,000 sq. ft) Scope of work : Concept and schematic design

Multi family residential development - 12 units - for high income group Total built up area - (1,25,000 sq. ft) Scope of work : Detail design and Construction drawings

Single family residential development - 9 units - for high income group Total built up area - (25,000 sq. ft) Scope of work : Construction drawings

127

PROJECTS IN ARCHITECTURE BRIO, MUMBAI - 2020 to 2021

Principal Architect : Robert Verrit Shefali Balwani Senior Architect : Bhavya Gandhi (Team Lead)

128

Nov 2020 (Ongoing)

Villa Masterplan - Banglore, India

Dec 2020 (Ongoing)

Residential Development

May 2021 (Ongoing)

Power Hyde - Philippines

June 2021 (Ongoing)

Private Villa in Alibagh, India.

Multi family residential development - 60 Premium Villa Plot Masterplan Area - 35,800 sq mt Total built up area - 30,000 sq mt Scope of work : Concept Design Software Used : Autocad, Sketchup, Photoshop and Indesign Team: Shanmati Rajagopalan and Sanjana Roy

Multi family residential development - 100 units Masterplan Area - 60,000 sq mt Total built up area - 20,000 sq. mt Scope of work : Concept Design Software Used : Autocad, Revit, Photoshop and Indesign Team : Rekai Campbell, Shanmati Rajagopalan and Sanjana Roy

Multi family Affordable Housing - 1500 Units Masterplan Area - 1,70,000 sq mt Total built up area - 90,000 sq.mt Scope of work :Schematic Design and solar output calculation Software Used : Autocad, Revit and Insight 360 Team : Rekai Campbell and Kate Au

Single family home Site Area - 23,000 sq mt Total built up area - 2,500 sq.mt Scope of work :Schematic Design and solar output calculation Software Used : Autocad and Indesign. Team : Maitir Uka, Chirag Shah and Rekai Campbell

Principal Architect : Robert Verrit and Shefali Balwani Associate Partner : Rohit Mankar Senior Architect’s : Bhavya Gandhi and Sarvesh Alshi (Team Leaders)

July 2021 (Ongoing)

Latur Masterplan - Latur, India Multi family residential development - 600 units Masterplan Area - 75,500 sq mt Total built up area - 100,000 sq mt Scope of work : Concept Design Software Used : Autocad and Indesign Team: Shanmati Rajagopalan and Sanjana Roy

Kindly Note : The details and drawings of these projects cannot be emailed as they are private and confidential. Nevertheless, I can present it over a zoom call or in person to evaluate my credentials.

129