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EXPLORATION TRENDS & DEVELOPMENTS

is an annual publication prepared by Patrick G. Killeen 9759 Highway 509 Ompah, ON Canada K0H 2J0 Phone: (613) 479-2478 E-mail: pkilleen@xplornet.ca

Published in co-operation with The Northern Miner 225 Duncan Mill Rd. Ste 320 Toronto, ON M3B 3K9 Phone: (416) 510-6789 E-mail: tnm@northernminer.com

Editor: Alisha Hiyate Writer: Patrick G. Killeen Art Director: Barbara Burrows Production Manager: Jessica Jubb Advertising Sales: Joe Crofts Michael Winter Publisher: Anthony Vaccaro Printed in Canada. All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may only be reproduced with the written consent of Patrick G. Killeen.

Cover photo: Auston Castle, a geophysicist with Dias Geophysical, conducting a DIAS32 3D IP survey in B.C.’s Golden Triangle. Credit: Dias Geophysical

MINERAL EXPLORATION TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN 2020

By Patrick G. Killeen Ph.D., Geophysical Consultant and retired Research Scientist, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa 2020

This is the fth year that Decennial Mineral Exploration Conferences (DMEC) has served as the patron for Exploration Trends & Developments. DMEC organized the very successful Exploration ‘17 conference, held in Toronto in 2017, the sixth in the series of conferences which began in 1967. is year DMEC support came from the sponsoring companies listed on page 23. On a sad note, Peter J. Hood, a Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) scientist and the originator of the ETD Review, passed away in October 2020. He wrote this unbiased annual publication on trends and new developments in geophysical exploration for minerals from 1965 until 1992 (28 years) when he retired, and I began writing it (29 years). Hood led the GSC’s National Aeromagnetic Program, producing the rst Aeromagnetic Map of Canada, a success soon replicated by similar programs in Australia and the United States. e Canadian Exploration Geophysical Society (KEGS) was the patron of ETD between 2007 and 2016. DMEC and KEGS are committed to the promotion of geophysics, especially as it is applied to the exploration for minerals; to fostering the scienti c interests of geophysicists; and to promoting high professional standards, fellowship and co-operation among persons interested in this industry.

CONTENTS

4 EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGY IN 2020: COVID CLOUD’S SILVER LINING 5 CORPORATE HIGHLIGHTS 8 AIRBORNE GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYING

Airborne Data Acquisition & Processing Aeromagnetic Surveying Airborne Electromagnetic Surveying Airborne Gamma-ray Spectrometric Surveying Airborne Gravity Surveying

16 GROUND SURVEY TECHNIQUES

Physical Rock Properties & Elemental Analysis Ground Data Acquisition & Processing Drillhole Methods Ground Electromagnetic Methods Gravity Surveying Induced Polarization Magnetotelluric Seismic

22 Companies & Websites 22 Abbreviations & Acronyms 2 Sponsors