bioplastics MAGAZINE 02/2013 by bioplastics MAGAZINE

ISSN 1862-5258

March/April

02 | 2013

Basics Biorefinery | 42

bioplastics

magazine

Vol. 8

Highlights Rigid Packaging | 12 New Market Studies | 10, 22

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Bio-Flex Mulch – Catching up with spring ®

Bio-Flex® Mulch provides you with the perfect solution for your biodegradable mulchfilm application. Join in our commitment for sustainable solutions, by using plastics made by nature!

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Editorial

dear readers In our Basics section we try to explain the term biorefinery. A problem is, when thinking and talking about biorefineries, one automatically ends up in an argument about the utilization of biomass for material use versus energy use (the food/fuel discussion is a separate one and is being dealt with separately). Many in the bioplastics sector agree that, as part of a cascading use system, renewable resources should be initially used at least once for their material value. At the end of that chain they can still be used to produce energy. Once in a while I explain the situation to my non-expert private friends, in a simplified way, like this: “Dear energy industry, you can generate renewable energy from water, wind or the sun — or from biomass…. We cannot make bioplastics from water, wind or the sun. So, please leave the biomass to us, to make bioplastics. After a long life with recycling etc. we will eventually give it back to you, so you can still get the energy out of it.” From my university professor of plastics processing I learned, about 25 years ago, that “plastic is just borrowed energy” – and this is also true for biomass-based plastics. Other highlights in this issue are rigid packaging / thermoforming, a preview of the Bioplastics Zone at Chinaplas (the second biggest trade fair in the world covering plastics and rubber), and we look at two new sources of qualified information about the market development for bioplastics. Finally this issue is once again rounded off by lots of industry and applications news…

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As usual, our events calendar provides an overview about forthcoming conferences and trade shows. I’m looking forward to seeing one or more of you at one of these events. Until then, we hope you enjoy reading bioplastics MAGAZINE

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Michael Thielen

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

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PolyOne (Photo: iStock/Neustockimages)

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A part of this print run is mailed to the readers wrapped in bioplastic envelopes sponsored by Flexico Verpackungen Deutshhand, Maropack GmbH & Co. KG, and Neemann

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Editorial contributions are always welcome. Please contact the editorial office via mt@bioplasticsmagazine.com.

bioplastics MAGAZINE tries to use British spelling. However, in articles based on information from the USA, American spelling may also be used.

March/April

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02|2013

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Companies in this issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

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Editorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

News. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 7

Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Application News. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 - 37

Event Calendar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Report 10 Market statistics, facts and technical data on bioplastics

22 New market study on bio-based polymers

Rigid Packaging 12 New technology for PLA-based thermoforming

14 Thermoforming with Transparent Paper

16 Bio-based materials for MAP

17 Thermoformed on-the go boxes

18 Accurate environmental claims for thermoformed products

Material Combinations 20 Sophiticated blends for durable biopolymers

Chinaplas preview

26 Chinaplas

28 Showguide with floorplan

Materials

32 New Algae Bioplastics

33 On the way to fully bio-based PET

34 Structural infusion resin

Applications

38 PUMA introduces biodegradable products

40 Mercedes engine cover

Basics

42 Biorefinery

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News/People

Novomer: PPC Polyol from CO2 Novomer Inc. (WALTHAM, Massachussetts, USA), a sustainable materials company pioneering a family of high-performance polymers and other chemicals from renewable feedstocks such as carbon dioxide (CO2), recently announced the world‘s first large-scale manufacturing run of polypropylene carbonate (PPC) polyol, producing over seven tons of finished product. The PPC polyol was scaled up and produced with Albemarle at their Orangeburg, South Carolina, USA manufacturing facility using existing Albemarle equipment which was modified for PPC polyol production. This work was completed in conjunction with Novomer‘s threeyear, $25 million U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) award. The recently produced material, a 1,000 molecular weight PPC diol, will be used to accelerate product qualification and adoption in a wide range of conventional polyurethane applications including flexible and rigid foams, adhesives and sealants, coatings, and elastomers. Novomer is currently working closely with several major companies in various segments of the polyurethanes industry and this material will enable commercial scale testing of Novomer polyol. Novomer polyols are designed to replace conventional petroleum-based polyether, polyester, and polycarbonate polyols. The polyols are based on the co-polymerization of carbon dioxide (CO2) and epoxides and the resulting products contain more than 40% CO2 by weight. The use of waste CO2 as a significant raw material yields a product with an extremely low carbon footprint. In addition, since waste CO2 is significantly lower in cost than conventional petroleum-

based raw materials, Novomer polyol manufacturing costs will be favorable compared to conventional polyols when produced at full commercial scale. In terms of performance, Novomer‘s PPC polyol has a unique polycarbonate backbone which increases the strength and durability of polyurethane products. Incorporating these new polyols into existing formulations yields foams with higher tensile, tear strength, and load bearing capacity; adhesives and coatings with improved adhesion, cohesive strength, and weatherabilty; and elastomers with greater tensile and flexural strength. “We are pleased with the results of this first run and thank the DOE for their support,” said Dr. Ron Valente, Novomer’s Vice President of Research. “This campaign clearly demonstrates the robustness of our catalyst and manufacturing process and we are confident in the ability to move to a larger scale as demand warrants.“ “The process fits well into our Orangeburg infrastructure and only minor modifications were required to enable PPC production,” said David Decuir, Albemarle’s Custom Services Business Director. “We are very confident in our ability to commercially produce Novomer PPC polyol at our Orangeburg plant.“ www.novomer.com www.albemarle.com

Italian Senate Approves Plastic Bag Sanctions The Italian Senate recently approved the legislation that mandates the discontinuation of traditional singleuse plastic bags in favor of biodegradable plastic bags or other alternatives, and penalizes those who continue to use traditional plastic bags. Senator Francesco Ferrante announced the approval of the Application Decree in early February 2013 stating, “Finally, we will make Italy the first plastic-free European country for the single-use plastic bag sector.” The Decree has been signed by the Ministers and is currently undergoing the proper administrative process toward formal publication. The sanctions will then become effective and applicable 60 days from publication.

non-compliance range between €2,500 and €25,000, and may be increased up to four times the maximum violation if it applies to large quantities of bags, or if the value of the goods exceeds 20% of the total use of the offender. Italian Minister of the Environment Corrado Clini stated, “The opinion expressed by the Senate is an important step to actually make our country plastic-free. We will constantly monitor compliance to ensure that this objective can be achieved quickly and effectively.” (Source: Cereplast.com) - MT

Merchants must make the switch to biodegradable and compostable bags and stop using traditional single-use plastic bags within 60 days from the date of publication, or sanctions for non-compliance will be enforced. The fines for

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

News/People

Green Dot acquires MGP‘s Bioplastic Division Green Dot Holdings LLC (Cottonwood Falls, Kansas, USA) has acquired the bioplastics division of MGP Ingredients, Inc. (Atchison, Kansas). The acquisition includes a manufacturing facility in Onaga, Kansas and certain assets at the company’s research and development facility in Atchison. Also, included are three lines of bioplastic materials currently sold by MGP under the Terratek® brand-name. The addition of these lines will allow Green Dot to meet a wide range of consumer needs with both bio-based and compostable bioplastic materials. Green Dot now offers a complete line of materials using renewable natural ingredients suitable for a wide range of applications. The Terratek line includes Terratek WC wood plastic composites based on wood chips and recycled plastics, Terratek SC starch biocomposites with up to 70% renewable content that can be formulated compostable or durable and Terratek BD biodegradable starch-based resins. These materials will be sold alongside Green Dot’s pioneering compostable elastomeric bioplastics (cf. photo and bM 05/2012). In addition to these lines, Green Dot can develop customized client formulations using starch, wood and other biomass materials. The company’s extensive knowlegde of polymer grades and additives can provide resins with a wide range of properties. The state-of-the-art compounding lab can quickly develop and test formulas for specific applications. Green Dot’s high quality and efficient operations can reduce the time spent in formula development. “This agreement presents wonderful opportunities for all parties involved,” said MGP President and CEO Tim Newkirk. “MGP is selling this business to a company firmly established in the plastics industry. With their experience, market knowledge and capabilities, Green Dot is well-positioned for success in the arena of eco-friendly product solutions. For MGP, this transaction aligns with our focus on supporting growth in our core business areas - food ingredients and alcohol products.” “This acquisition will enable Green Dot to better serve our customers with a broad range of materials, along with the expertise and facilities to quickly develop new formulations tailored to their unique specifications,” stated company CEO Mark Remmert. “The synergy of the two companies’ assets will be leveraged to capitalize on the rapid growth predicted in the U.S. bioplastics market.” MT www.greendotpure.com/resin

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Bioplastic from wheat straw The Technological Institute of Plastics (AIMPLAS), Valencia, Spain is developing a fully biodegradable plastic produced from wheat straw which properties allow its use in the manufacturing of white goods and electronic equipment. Aimplas is coordinating the European project Bugworkers, a project of 48 months of work involving a total of 15 European partners, amongst which, the Valencian company Fermax and the Basque technological center Tecnalia are a part of. The residue that has been chosen to conduct investigations is wheat straw for its low cost and high availability, especially within central Europe. Within Bugworkers, wheat straw is raw material for the production of a biodegradable plastic, which constitutes an added value for this type of material.

Cellulose nanofibers as reinforcement Nanomaterials extracted also from wheat straw, such as cellulose nanofibers and lignin nanoparticles, are key additives to improve the properties of the material, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in electronics and appliances. So far, the partners involved in Bugworkers have achieved good results in terms of process efficiency and therefore are taking the process to an industrial scale. These results allow longer talk about costs and competitive properties. “We need a high yield in the bioplastic synthesis process using bacteria to be able to speeak of a cost competitive product, and we are getting very positive results in Bugworkers regarding this” says Ana Espert, technical coordinator in Aimplas project. MT www.aimplas.es www.bugworkersproject.eu

Production of sugar hydrolyzates from straw biorefinery.de GmbH (Photo: Stefan Günther)

News/People

GMO-free PLA products FKuR (Willich/Germany), producer of high performance bioplastics, has launched two BIO-FLEX products that exclusively use GMO-free PLA. BIO-FLEX F6513 and BIOFLEX F6611, both based on PURALACT® Lactides from Purac (Gorinchem, The Netherlands), are made from GMOfree feedstocks and can achieve temperature resistance up to 130°C. Combining technological performance with the GMO-free aspect results in a high quality PLA based product especially designed for those brand owners, retailers and consumers requiring a GMO-free product. The products are pleasant to the touch, have a pearlescent gloss and are biodegradable. BIO-FLEX F 6513 is ideally used for injection molding, whereas BIO-FLEX F 6611 has been developed for thermoforming.

Flying the (potato) flag A potato-based and fully biodegradable Union Jack flag recently oversaw proceedings during the UK’s largest showcase of industrial biotechnology in Westminster. As the global bio-economy continues to expand, Leading IB: A UK Showcase (hosted by the Industrial Biotechnology Leadership Forum, IBLF) examined the success the UK has achieved in industrial biotechnology, highlighting exemplar projects, processes and products in the field.

www.fkur.com www.purac.com/bioplastics

Manufactured by Biome Bioplastics, the UK’s largest producer of starch-based bioplastics, the flag was commissioned by Chemistry Innovation and Biosciences Knowledge Transfer Networks as an example of the innovative bio-based materials and products being developed in the country.

magnetic_148,5x105.ai 175.00 lpi 45.00° 15.00° 14.03.2009 75.00° 0.00° 14.03.2009 10:13:31 10:13:31 Prozess CyanProzess MagentaProzess GelbProzess Schwarz

c i t e n tics g s a a l P M for

With rising oil prices and pressing environmental concerns, attention is increasingly turning to viable natural alternatives to conventional product materials. As Biome Bioplastics’ CEO Paul Mines explained: “For example, Biome Bioplastics is currently exploring opportunities for the manufacture of bio-based materials through the use of synthetic biology, an area which offers exciting commercial and technical possibilities.” To highlight the potential of bio-based materials, the Chemistry Innovation and Biosciences Knowledge Transfer Networks have also commissioned a short video-clip (see link) illustrating the production of the flag. The film follows the unusual journey of a rejected potato as it braves sorting, starch factory, plasticisation and printers before flying proudly over the London skyline. www.biomebioplastics.com

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bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Events

The Re-Invention of Plastics 2013

European Bioplastics Conference 2013

With more than 200 delegates and speakers from 100 companies from more than 12 countries (North America, Europe and Asia) and about 20 exhibitors in the accompanying exhibition ‘Bioplastics – The Re-Invention of Plastics‘ is on its way of becoming one of the most significant events for the bioplastics industry in North America. The conference that was organized by Yash Khanna (InnoPlast Solutions, Inc) in the Caesars Palace in Las Vegas was preceded by a workshop about ‘BioPlastics – State-of-the-Industry & Path Forward’ by experts of IHS consulting company. Chaired by Roger Avakian (PolyOne) in the first of three sessions of the first conference day industry experts gave a Techno-Commercial Update on Green Plastics followed by a session on BioPolymers in Packaging Applications. Brand Owners shared their experience and expectations on BioPlastics in the third session. The second day started with presentations about Advances in Biobased Building Blocks: Process Technology. After a session about BioPlastics Modification: Biobased Additives, Adhesives & Coatings the conference ended with a block about End-of-Life Options: Value Creation from BioPlastics. MT

European Bioplastics, the association of the bioplastics industry in Europe, announces the 8th European Bioplastics Conference to take place on 10 and 11 December 2013 at the InterContinental Hotel in Berlin, Germany.

Review

www.bioplastix.com

“Bioplastics are part of a biobased future in Europe. This year’s European Bioplastics Conference will demonstrate and showcase the industry’s enormous potential”, comments European Bioplastics Chairman Andy Sweetman. “Making bioplastics increasingly tangible for business contacts and the end consumer – that is our challenge now that bioplastics are stepping out of the niche and mass products can be experienced by everybody”. The 8th European Bioplastics Conference is the preeminent international industry event in Europe offering a unique information platform for industry trends and innovations in material and application development. With the view on individual needs and interests, participants can expect a diversified conference format with up to date presentations and interactive features, aimed at stimulating the engagement of the participants. Excellent networking opportunities and a comprehensive product exhibition: The 8th Conference will introduce a new online partnering tool and special meeting areas in order to facilitate networking. The online partnering service will be activated for all registered participants a few months prior to the conference. As in the previous years, the European Bioplastics Conference will again host the award ceremony of the Global Bioplastics Award, presented by bioplastics MAGAZINE.

Yash Khanna (InnoPlast Solutions)

In 2012, over 400 experts from around the globe came together at the 7th conference and impressively showcased the conference’s tremendous effectiveness in networking and information exchange. For this year‘s event, registration opens in April 2013. The call for papers will be published soon. www.conference.european-bioplastics.org

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Grow your bio-based expertise Improving processes today to benefit tomorrow Tuesday 16th and Wednesday 17th April 2013 MĂśvenpick Hotel, Amsterdam City Centre

BOOK YOUR PLACE NOW AT: www.renewable-plastics.com Now in its fourth year, the Renewable Plastics Conference will examine the key factors affecting the industry, the latest technological developments and predictions for the future. Speakers include: l Dr Klaus P Stadler, Director Environment & Water Resources Europe, The Coca-Cola Company l Philippe Roulet, Head of Global Packaging Material and Training, NestlĂŠ l Dr John Williams, Head of Materials for Energy & Industry, NNFCC l Sharad Shah, Senior Manager-Materials Engineering, Graham Packaging Company

Book your place today: Early bird rate of e895 available until 11th March. For details go to: www.renewable-plastics.com Silver sponsor

Media partners

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Supporting organisations

Organised by

28/02/2013 14:13

Report

Market Statistics, Facts and Technical Data on Bioplastics Biopolymer Platform offers extensive data pertaining to the bioplastics market

7,000

5,000

653

4,821

776

5,779

3,000

5,003

4,168

1,451

1,275

930

1,161

770

1,016

675

1,000

1,475

583

2,034

2,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Biodegradables Durables

Fig. 1: Global biopolymer production capacity

7,000 5,779

1,000 tonnes

6,000 4,821

5,000 4,000 3,000 2,034

2,000 1,000 0

1,016

1,161

1,275

1,475

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Asia Europe South America Nort America

Fig. 2: Global biopolymer production capacity, by region

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

With its new Biopolymer Platform at their website the IfBB - Institute for Bioplastics and Biocomposites (Hanover, Germany) presents the most important market-related and technical facts on bioplastics in a comprehensive, highly transparent and coherent way.

4,000

674

1,000 tonnes

6,000

urrent facts and figures in the bioplastics market: wide-ranging information including graphs and charts, which is relevant to current and future markets for bio-based plastics, are provided at a new Internet platform free of charge.

Free access and the desired degree of transparency shall be taken as a baseline for entering into more factual debates, with less emotional punch, on all issues concerning bioplastics. Specifically, the IfBB platform serves to illustrate the basic parameters for the production of bioplastic materials, for example process routes, land use, or resource expenditure. Process routes are delineated in detail from the raw material to the finished product, describing the individual process steps, intermediate products, and input-output streams. As another essential feature, up-to-date market figures are offered, for example, on current production capacities for bioplastics, capacity developments over a five-year period, geographic distribution, fields of application for bioplastics within certain market segments (agricultural sector/ crop farming, catering, bottles, other types of packaging including carrying bags and waste bags, construction, pharmaceuticals/medicine, product/consumer or technical applications including electronics and automotive parts), monetary market volumes for individual materials, applications, regions, etc. For example, the graph on Global biopolymer production capacity (cf. Fig. 1 and 2) shows a fivefold increase in production volumes of biopolymers from around 1,1 million tonnes in 2011 up to nearly 5,8 million tonnes over the fiveyear period until 2016 worldwide. Hereby, the strongest growth will take place in the durables, non-biodegradables bioplastics (Fig. 1).

Report

Sorted by materials the statistic shows that above all the Bio-PET will increase in an extraordinary way: from a proportion of about 42.5% in 2012 up to 80 % of the total biopolymer production capacity worldwide in 2016 (Fig 3). Concerning the development of the global biopolymer production capacity sorted by regions, the graph in Fig. 2 shows an obvious trend: Especially Asia and South America will be interesting locations for the production of bioplastics in the next years. Much more information, data and technical facts, comparisons and tendencies especially on the fields of application for bioplastics within certain market segments, regional market shares or future of the different biopolymer types is offered at the IfBBBiopolymer Platform, classified into categories such as feedstock and land use requirements, specific biopolymer yields, process route charts, or extensive market figures on production capacities. www.downloads.ifbb-hannover.de

Fig. 3: Material share of biopolymer production capacity

g n i D l i Bu D e S a B a Bio future Pe o r u e r fo

2012

Biodegradable Polyesters 9.5%

Regenerated Cellulose 2.2%

Cellulose Derivatives 0.4% PCL 0.1%

PHA 1.7%

Starch Blends 11.0% Bio-PET 30 42.5%

PLA & PLA-Blends 14.6% Bio-Pur 0.1% Bio-TPE 0.2% Bio-PC 0.02%

Total 2012: 1.275 Mt

Bio-PA 1.8%

Save the date!

2016 Biodegradable Polyesters 2.7%

Bio-PUR 0.03%

PLA & PLA-Blends 5.1%

Starch Blends PHA 2.5% 2.6%

Cellulose Derivatives 0.1%

Bio-TPE 0.1%

Bio-PET 30 80.1%

Bio-PC 0.3%

10 / 11 December 2013 InterContinental Berlin More information is available at: conference@european-bioplastics.org Phone: +49 (0)30 28 48 23 50

Regenerated Cellulose PCL 0.5% 0.02%

BIO-PP 0.5% Bio-PA 1.2%

Bio-PE 4.3% Total 2016: 5.779 Mt

www.conference.european-bioplastics.org bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 9

Rigid Packaging

New technology for PLA-based thermoforming

hen Solegear began working with a major retailer looking to shift its rigid thermoformed packaging to a bio-based solution, the challenge was to create packaging design that not just maximized bio-based content, but provided equal clarity and impact resistance to existing PET options. The client trusted Solegear to lead the development of this breakthrough formulation because of Solegear’s commitment under its Polysole® product line to meet competitive price expectations while using all non-toxic additives and maximizing bio-based content. What’s more, Solegear understood that by reviewing processing, printing and fulfillment techniques, the packaging’s environmental impact could be further reduced. A differentiated design was the final element to meet the client’s stringent requirements to protect the product and make it easy for consumers to see what they were buying and open the package. As this case study demonstrates, manufacturers, brand owners, and consumers are keenly interested in the benefits of bio-based materials, especially those that can address consumer concerns around product safety. Bioplastics clearly play a key role in meeting consumer demand for safer, more sustainable packaging that minimizes environmental impact during each stage of the product cycle; however, not at the expense of packaging performance and customer acceptance. A recent international study from Germany’s nova-Institut (cf. page 22) shows that demand for bio-based polymers is skyrocketing. According to the study, production capacity will reach nearly 12 million tons by 2020, up from 3.5 millions tons in 2011. “With an expected total polymer production of about 400 million tons in 2020, the bio-based share should increase from 1.5% in 2011 to 3% in 2020, meaning that bio-based production capacity will grow faster than overall production,” the study states. A vast majority of this production in thermoformed PLA-based rigid packaging to date has been pointed at the disposable foodservices market as tensile strength, heat deflection and clarity would not meet industry expectations for more durable applications. Solegear believes it’s poised to change all that.

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Rigid Packaging

By Toby Reid Founder and CEO Solegear Bioplastics Inc. Vancouver, Canada

Solegear is focused on green chemistry practices, which means formulations are designed from the start to reduce or eliminate negative environmental impact through their entire life cycle from product design to end of life. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), green chemistry is a highly effective approach to pollution prevention because it applies “innovative scientific solutions to real-world environmental situations.” By designing products using green chemistry principles, Solegear’s Polysole® TF 2000 and TF2020 thermoform and die-cut formulations use non-toxic additives and maximize the amount of bio-based material used in production to create a compostable end product. While there are multiple end-of-life options for bioplastics beyond composting, including recycling and energy creation through incineration, Solegear believes composting certification remains an objective measure to clearly signal the inert nature and relative safety of the bioplastic formulation. Solegear’s technology is also designed to run on existing extruding and thermoforming equipment under normal operating conditions. This allows Solegear’s Polysole® TF product to be leveraged across multiple production partnerships to meet customer demand and localization. As an example, Solegear was approached by a multinational building materials company looking for a more sustainable thermoformed packaging solution for its products. Other companies’ PLA-based bioplastics would have required design changes to accommodate performance limitations, but to meet existing shipping requirements, this was not an option. To fully leverage green chemistry principles and further reduce the environmental impact, Solegear was able to identify local supply chain partners that were not only more cost-effective, but allowed the company to significantly reduce its transportation footprint and increase speed to market. These factors combined allow Solegear to achieve relative price parity with thermoformed PET.

customer conversations – especially to respond to a growing trend where municipalities are increasingly putting the onus on companies to provide more sustainable packaging alternatives. Consider the change that recently took place in British Columbia, where Solegear is headquartered. The government announced in 2011 that it’s transitioning responsibility for end-of-life management of packaging and printed paper from governments and their taxpayers to industries and their consumers. As a result, companies that sell products in plastic and/or paper packaging were required as of November 2012 to submit a stewardship plan to outline that they will collect, recover and re-use 75% of packaging and printed papers by spring 2014 as set out in the province’s materials collection regulations. British Columbia’s decision to transfer responsibility to companies and consumers also demonstrates how the move to a more bio-based economy will require the support and effort of many players, including companies like Solegear, with a green chemistry philosophy that prioritizes the importance of the full life cycle, from procurement of raw materials through to collection after the consumer is done with it. In fact, bioplastic adoption will continue to require the coordinated support and action of many stakeholders, including converters, recyclers and municipalities. It starts with companies like Solegear, but it takes a community of companies, citizens and civic leaders committed to a bio-based economy to make the change real, beneficial and lasting. www.solegear.ca

End-of-life options, from industrial composting to incineration to recycling, remain a cornerstone in most

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Rigid Packaging

Thermoforming with Transparent Paper?

larifoil® (Spondon, Derby, UK) is the world’s leading manufacturer of cellulose diacetate films and has been producing film in the UK since the 1940’s. In fact, acetate film was one of the successful thermoplastics and during the 1950’ and 1960’s it was the material of choice for thermoforming. However, when new oil-based plastics became available, acetate film lost favor to these cheaper alternatives. In recent years, brands have been trying hard to reduce packaging, remove weight from packaging and improve packaging design. There is growing trend to look for sustainable alternatives to traditional plastics and this is why over the past year Clarifoil has re-developed a new range of film which is suitable for thermoforming. Unlike many other plant based bioplastics, Clarifoil is not based on starch derivatives. Instead the main raw ingredient is cellulose derived from wood pulp which is sourced from trees that come from managed forestry. This means that no endangered hardwoods are used and more trees are planted than harvested. At the end of its life, depending where it ends up there are a range of options, from recycling film at its plant in the UK, to capturing the energy after incineration. As for composting, it is well known that cellulose diacetate is biodegradable and for the thin Clarifoil films which are used for lamination, labels and window patching Clarifoil has certification for both industrial and home composting. For thicker films, this is a greater challenge because although the film will completely biodegrade, it takes longer than the tests allow simply because the film is thicker. To evaluate the composting timescales for thicker film, tests are currently being conducted which simulate home composting conditions and results are expected later this year. The project started last year by making prototypes on a bench top thermoforming machine. Since then, successful trials on full-scale production machines have been run in both Europe and in Asia. The film itself has similar mechanical properties to traditional oil-based plastics and can be used on machines that are set up to use PET or PVC. It has good thermal properties too, with a high softening temperature which means storage, handling and transport of both the film and thermoformed shapes requires no special equipment.

The first prototypes were shown at a well-known suppliers show last year in the USA. Visitors to the stand were impressed by the superior clarity compared to other thermoform plastics and were surprised that the main raw material in the film came from trees. It was referred to as transparent paper. This is an exciting development for Clarifoil. The film has all the benefits of behaving like traditional plastic whilst giving the peace of mind that the environmental impact is minimized - a responsible solution. www.clarifoil.com

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Orlando, FL I February 17-19, 2014 Orlando World Center Marriott www.innovationtakesroot.com @natureworks Follow us on Twitter!

Ingeo, and the Ingeo logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of NatureWorks LLC in the USA and other countries.

A Collaborative Biopolymers Forum for the Global Ingeo Community

Rigid Packaging

Bio-based materials for MAP

ost of the food packaging materials used nowadays are derived from non-renewable resources. The growing number of smaller families and single person households, has encouraged product manufacturers to provide a greater range of product sizes, and ready-to-eat meals, with the associated packaging wastes. A single polymer is often unable to provide requirements; thus there is a need to use specific structures based on multilayer plastic materials. Once used, such structures are becoming a challenging issue on waste management. The use of bio-based materials is a promising alternative in the packaging industry to reduce the environmental impact and the use of non-renewable resources. Multilayer materials based on cellulose can be an outstanding alternative to substitute materials currently used in MAP (Modified Atmosphere Packaging). In order to increase the amount of bio-based food packaging materials, the European ADCELLPACK consortium is developing a paper based packaging material for trays, to be used in sliced cheese packages. The new material will be specifically designed for Modified Atmosphere Packaging. MAP technique is widely used for the preservation of fresh foods because it offers increased shelf life of the product. In this packaging technic atmospheric air inside of the package is replaced with an specific gas mixture adapted for each food. Common MAP packaging structures are based on non-renewable multilayer materials which are difficult to recycle.

The concept Adcellpack’s new solution will provide a readily thermoformable tray mainly composed of cellulose (up to 90% in weight), with improved properties using modified pulp fine fraction. For a porous, hygroscopic medium such as paper an additional barrier layer is needed. As a solution for this requirement, blends based on polylactic acid (PLA) will be used. PLA lacks of the barrier to oxygen and water needed for modified atmosphere packaging. Therefore, to decrease costs and increase properties, blends with another polyester will be considered to produce a coating layer for the cellulose and a lid for the tray.

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Objectives The main objective of the project is to provide a whole sustainable solution that will maintain the freshness of the product and assure its food contact safety. It will provide actual or improved shelf life by using cellulosic materials and biodegradable/compostable polymers. Finally, the project aims at simplifying production processes, evaluating developed packaging materials through EN 13432, and its possibilities to be applied in other food products nowadays packaged using MAP.

European initiative Adcellpack is a two-year-long project, which started at the beginning of November 2012. The budget of the project is €1.4 Million. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme. The consortium is based on a group of 4 SMEs Distribuciones Juan Luna (Spain), Papelera de Brandia, S.A. (Spain), Elastopoli Oy (Finland), Skymark Packaging International Limited, S.L.U. (UK) - a large enterprise – Carrefour España (Spain), – and 2 relevant Research Centers: VTT Technical Research Centre (Finland) and ITENE Packaging, Transport and Logistics Research Center (Spain), who is the coordinator of this initiative. All of them with expertise in paper production, bioplastics processing, packaging materials converting and cheese production. www.adcellpack.eu

Rigid Packaging

Thermoformed On-The Go Boxes

abri-Kal, is a family-owned eco and performance packaging leader for more than 60 years and one of the largest thermoformers in North America located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA. The company was one of the first thermoformers in the U.S. to launch lines of Ingeoâ&#x201E;˘- based cups. GreenwareÂŽ cold drink cups were launched in 2005 and have won market recognition over the past several years. In January 2013, Fabri-Kal introduced Greenware On-The Go Ingeo-PLA based Boxes that provide foodservice operators with an innovative solution to attractively present food for grab-and-go consumption and increased consumer appeal. The containers offer the flexibility to display an assortment of creative food combinations such as fresh fruit and dip, hummus and crackers, and sandwiches and salads. Greenware On-The-Go Boxes are crystal clear, compact and available in 2-, 3-, and 4-compartment designs that are shrink-band compatible for tamper evident applications with one flat lid that fits all three containers. Crystal-clear, durable, and stackable, Greenware On-The-Go Boxes have a compact square shape to maximize cold case and shelf space. Greenware On-The-Go Boxes are BPI certified to be 100% compostable (ASTM D6400) in actively managed municipal or industrial facilities, which may not be available everywhere. They are not suitable for backyard or home composting. 90% of frequent foodservice customers find Greenware appealing, as a Fabri-Kal Proprietary Consumer Study shows. In fact, of consumers who visit foodservice establishments five or more times every two weeks 88% would be interested in using Greenware in a foodservice establishment. 84% would view a foodservice establishment more positively if it offered Greenwareand still 50% would visit a restaurant more often if Greenware cups and containers were used there. The statements about compostability are taken directly from Fabri-Kal marketing information. These statements show the attention supply channel partners make to clearly convey, without hype, the value of these products. MT www.fabri-kal.com

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Rigid Packaging

Accurate environmental claims for thermoformed products

he day before the 2012 European Bioplastics conference a workshop was hosted on what constitutes accurate environmental claims. A pdf-version of a special marketing communication guide is available for download. Here two companies shall be highlighted that are making a point of embracing clear, supportable marketing messages: Huhtamaki, headquartered in Espoo, Finland and EcoProducts from Boulder, Colorado, USA. Each company produces successful lines of thermoformed foodservice products and each clearly and factually conveys the environmental value of those products.

Huhtamaki took an early lead in Europe with its Ingeo thermoformed trays, clamshells, cups etc. and has been an innovator in partnering with festivals and business and sporting events to significantly reduce foodservice waste going into landfills. For example, the smart cup program of festivals organized by LOC 7000 gives everyone at a festival a free drink for collecting and turning in a certain number of cups. Another example is the world famous Karneval in Cologne, Germany. After supplying PLA beer cups for a glass free (and eventually zero-waste) street carnival in Cologne since 2010 Huhtamaki is now officially cooperating with Festkommitee des Kölner Karneval (the official festival committee of the carnival in Cologne). Huhtamaki’s target is to gain more carnival associations for the use of Huhtamaki PLA cups. Huhtamaki is a member of a project team with RE/PLA Cycle GmbH (Cologne/Germany, a company of the ReclayGroup), aiming at the constitution and establishment of a closed recycling loop for PLA. This attention to a sustainable solution for large venue food service items helps to set Huhtamaki apart as an innovator. Eco-Products, which has been in the renewables market since its founding in 1990, recently developed the new Zero™ line of hot and cold cups. The company says the new thermoformed Ingeo cold cups and hot beverage paper cups lined with Ingeo are fully carbon offset thanks to investments in greater sustainability the company is making . The ZeroLine is another addition to the company’s GreenStripe® family of products made from 100 percent renewable resources;

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

both the hot cup and cold cup meet ASTM standards for compostability. The carbon offsets for the ZERO line are informed by two years of product Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) work done by EcoProducts in an effort to better understand the cradle-tograve environmental impacts associated with their complete product portfolio. Eco-Products offers customers the ability to receive customized reports detailing the life cycle impacts of their purchases, enabling universities, hospitals, corporate campuses, and others to quantify environmental impacts which in turn helps these foodservice organization in quantifying their own carbon footprint reduction efforts. Eco-Products emphasizes to customers that its Ingeo PLA products are compostable in commercial compost facilities and provides a link for organizations to locate the nearest composter, i.e. findacomposter.com. Both these companies demonstrate product excellence with the kind of forthright marketing that helps to further bioplastics adoption in the foodservice industry. MT www.natureworksllc.com www.ecoproducts.com www.huhtamaki.com www.reclay-group.com/en/companies/repla-cycle-gmbh

Polylactic Acid Uhde Inventa-Fischer has expanded its product portfolio to include the innovative stateof-the-art PLAneo ® process. The feedstock for our PLA process is lactic acid, which can be produced from local agricultural products containing starch or sugar. The application range of PLA is similar to that of polymers based on fossil resources as its physical properties can be tailored to meet packaging, textile and other requirements. Think. Invest. Earn.

Uhde Inventa-Fischer GmbH Holzhauser Strasse 157–159 13509 Berlin Germany Tel. +49 30 43 567 5 Fax +49 30 43 567 699 Uhde Inventa-Fischer AG Via Innovativa 31 7013 Domat/Ems Switzerland Tel. +41 81 632 63 11 Fax +41 81 632 74 03 marketing@uhde-inventa-ﬁscher.com www.uhde-inventa-ﬁscher.com

Uhde Inventa-Fischer

Photo iStock

Material Combinations

Bio-based polymers are evolving to meet OEM expectations

Sophisticated blends for durable biopolymers by Marcel Dartee Marketing Director Sustainable Solutions & Biomaterials, PolyOne Assesse, Belgium

s material providers advance forward on the biopolymer development learning curve, their efforts have been squarely focused on improving the durability of bio-based plastics. This is a switch from the past, when development centered around biodegradability. Instead, these producers are responding to a rising desire for durable biopolymers from OEM customers in consumer, electronics, alternative energy, automotive and other markets. In part, these applications require a combination of heat resistance and impact strength as shown in Fig. 1: These OEMs are seeking to fulfill sustainability targets by incorporating materials that reduce carbon footprint and fossil energy requirements while also providing the same functional performance as fossil-fuel-based counterparts such as PC and ABS. Several high profile manufacturers are outspoken in this endeavor: Nokia is actively researching the development and deployment of biomaterials that can potentially reduce dependence on fossil fuel-based raw materials Peugeot Citroën has an objective of 30% bio-based materials by 2015 for its vehicles ebm-papst has a goal to replace 15% of the plastics it uses today with sustainable biomaterials by 2015

Heat Deflection Temp (°C)

Schneider Electric and ABB have publicly stated goals to create more environmentally friendly products

150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40

One way to achieve durability in bio-based formulations is to combine engineering thermoplastic resins, such as ABS and PC with bio-derived polymers such as PHB, PHB, PLA and bio-polyesters. This is the approach taken by PolyOne in creating its reSound™ family of biobased polymers. One of the newest grades, reSound 1200, has recently undergone testing to confirm its performance versus PC/ABS, as shown in Fig. 2. Please note that version 0001 of the material contains 45% bio-derived polymer by weight, and version 0002 contains 50%.

Automotive interiors

High Heat Packaging

Mobile phone covers

PLA

0 200 400 600 800 Impact strength at room temp

Figure 1. Performance requirements for potential biopolymer applications, heat deflection temperature vs. impact strength.

Enclosures for home healthcare and electronics

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By switching from PC or PC/ABS to reSound materials, manufacturers not only improve the bio-derived content of their products, but can also benefit from a lower carbon footprint and gross energy requirements. Bio-based content can be expressed as a weight percentage of the ingredients. So for example, reSound 12000002 contains 50% bio-based content by weight.

Material Combinations MFR

Figure 2. reSound 1200 mechanical and physical properties vs. PC/ABS

1.40

Mold Shrinkage

1.20

Notched Izod Impact

1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20

Density

0.00

Flex Modulus PC/ABS reSound 1200-0001 reSound 1200-0002

HDT

Tensile Elongation @Yield Tensile Strength @ Yield Content can also be measured as the percentage of renewable bio-based carbon atoms found in the total carbon atoms, according test method ASTM 6868. This value can be measured by BETA analytics and can be certified on final products, such as OK Biobased/Vincotte (EU) and BioPreferred (USA). Ecoprofile calculations were done to determine the relative environmental impact versus incumbent materials. The carbon footprint for reSound 1200-0002 showed that the bio-based material had approximately a 45% smaller

carbon footprint than PC, and a 33% smaller footprint than a standard reference for PC/ABS. Greenhouse gas emissions were expressed in kg CO2 equivalent per kg polymer. Gross energy requirements for this material showed that reSound 1200-0002 reduced the amount of gross energy required, expressed in joules per kg of polymer, by 35% and 31% versus PC and PC/ABS. www.polyone.com

Basics book on bioplastics This book, created and published by Polymedia Publisher, maker of bioplastics is now available in English and German language.

MAGAZINE

The book is intended to offer a rapid and uncomplicated introduction into the subject of bioplastics, and is aimed at all interested readers, in particular those who have not yet had the opportunity to dig deeply into the subject, such as students, those just joining this industry, and lay readers. It gives an introduction to plastics and bioplastics, explains which renewable resources can be used to produce bioplastics, what types of bioplastic exist, and which ones are already on the market. Further aspects, such as market development, the agricultural land required, and waste disposal, are also examined. An extensive index allows the reader to find specific aspects quickly, and is complemented by a comprehensive literature list and a guide to sources of additional information on the Internet. The author Michael Thielen is editor and publisher bioplastics MAGAZINE. He is a qualified machinery design engineer with a degree in plastics technology from the RWTH University in Aachen. He has written several books on the subject of blowmoulding technology and disseminated his knowledge of plastics in numerous presentations, seminars, guest lectures and teaching assignments.

110 pages full color, paperback ISBN 978-3-9814981-1-0: Bioplastics ISBN 978-3-9814981-0-3: Biokunststoffe

Order now for â&#x201A;Ź 18.65 or US-$ 25.00 (+ VAT where applicable, plus shipping and handling, ask for details) order at www.bioplasticsmagazine.de/books, by phone +49 2161 6884463 or by e-mail books@bioplasticsmagazine.com

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Report

New market study on bio-based polymers Production capacity will triple to nearly 12 million tonnes from 2011 to 2020

Summary

G Table 1: Bio-based polymers, short names, average biomass content, producer companies and locations Average biomass Producing content of companies Locations polymer until 2020

Bio-based polymers Cellulose Acetate

50%

Polyamide

rising to 60%*

Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalat PBAT rising to 50%*

Polybutylene Succinate

PBS

rising to 80%*

Polyethylene

100%

3**

Polyethylene Terephthalat

PET

30% to 35%***

Polyhydroxy Alkanoates

PHAs 100%

Polylactic Acid

PLA

100%

Polypropylene

100%

Polyvinyl Chloride

PVC

43%

Polyurethane

PUR 30%

40%

Starch Blends ****

Total companies covered with detailed information in this report

114

135

Additional companies included in the “Bio-based Polymer Producer Database”

133

228

Total companies and locations recorded in the market study

247

363

* Currently still mostly fossil-based with existing drop-in solutions and a steady upward trend of the average bio-based share up to given percentage in 2020 ** Including Joint Venture of two companies sharing one location, counting as two *** Upcoming capacities of bio-pTA (purified Terephthalic Acid) are calculated to increase the average bio-based share, not the total bio-PET capacity **** Starch in plastic compound

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

ermany’s nova-Institute is publishing the most comprehensive market study of bio-based polymers ever made. The nova-Institute carried out this study in collaboration with renowned international experts from the field of bio-based polymers. It is the first time that a study has looked at every kind of bio-based polymer produced by 247 companies at 363 locations around the world and it examines in detail 114 companies in 135 locations. Considerably higher production capacity was found than in previous studies. The 3.5 million tonnes represent a share of 1.5% of an overall structural polymer production of 235 million tonnes in 2011. Current producers of bio-based polymers estimate that production capacity will reach nearly 12 million tonnes by 2020. With an expected total polymer production of about 400 million tonnes in 2020, the bio-based share should increase from 1.5% in 2011 to 3% in 2020, meaning that bio-based production capacity will grow faster than overall production.

The most dynamic development is foreseen for dropin biopolymers, which are chemically identical to their petrochemical counterparts but at least partially derived from biomass. This group is spearheaded by partly biobased PET (Bio-PET) whose production capacity will reach about 5 million tonnes by the year 2020, using bioethanol from sugar cane. The second in this group are bio-based polyolefins like PE and PP, also based on bioethanol. But new in the market bio-based polymers PLA and PHA are also expected to at least quadruple the capacity between 2011 and 2020. Most investment in new bio-based polymer capacities will take place in Asia and South America because of better access to feedstock and a favourable political framework. Europe’s share will decrease from 20% to 14% and North America’s share from 15% to 13%, whereas Asia’s will increase from 52% to 55% and South

Report Figure 1: From biomass to polymers

America’s from 13% to 18%. So world market shares are not expected to shift dramatically, which means that every region of the world will experience development in the field of biobased polymer production (cf. Fig. 3). Michael Carus, managing director of nova-Institute, about the survey results: “For the very first time we have robust market data about worldwide production capacity of all biobased polymers. This is considerably higher than in previous studies, which did not cover all polymers and producers. The forecast of a total capacity of 12 million tonnes by 2020 – a tripling of 2011 levels – suggests that bio-based polymers are definitely polymers for the future. It is also shown that the development of bio-based polymers is still very dynamic. Only five years ago, nobody would have expected bio-PET to grow to the biggest group among the bio-based polymers due to an initiative by one big brand-owner. This could happen again with any other bio-based polymer. PLA and PHA also have a remarkable growth ahead of them, even without the existence of such a supply chain captain.”

Methodology The field of bio-based polymers is broad and the available information very diverse and sometimes inconsistent. This can lead to confusion and misinterpreted results. It therefore seems crucial to explain the methodology that was used for this survey. This study focuses exclusively on the producers of biopolymers, and the market data therefore does not cover the bio-plastics sector. It must clearly be differentiated between these two terms. A polymer is a chemical compound consisting of repeating structural units (monomers) synthesized through a polymerization or fermentation process, whereas a plastic material constitutes a blend of one or more polymers and additives.

Market data covers only the producers of polymers, excluding plastic and compound processing in an attempt to avoid double counting over the various steps in the value chain. Starch blends are the single exception among plastics that have been included in the market research. They are always used in complex blends of many components such as aliphatic polyesters (e.g. PCL, PLA, PBAT, PBS). In order to also avoid double counting here, it was attempted to leave out the capacities of bio-based polymers used in starch blends. The focus of the study is on structural polymers, i.e. the polymers that will later constitute the structural mass of the finished plastic part (as opposed to functional polymers used in inks, coatings, adhesives or simply as a performance enhancer in other materials which were only covered selectively and are not included in the totals given in this summary). Regenerated cellulose (e.g. cellophane and viscose), natural rubber and linoleum are beyond the scope of this study. This market survey covers current market trends based on expert workshops, questionnaires and individual interviews on CEO level. It concentrates on bio-based polymers, i.e. derived from biomass (which may be biodegradable or not). However, it does also include market data on some polymers that are currently still fossil-based, namely polybutylene succinate (PBS) and polybutyleneadipat-terephthalate (PBAT). It may seem paradoxical, but the reasons for covering their production capacities are as follows. Their development is highly linked to the development of other bio-based polymers, as they are often used to enhance their properties in bio-based compounds. In the case of PBS, which is currently produced from fossil resources in relatively small quantities, the capacity development is spurred by the development of its bio-based precursors, as bio-based succinic acid can be produced at lower cost than its fossil-based alternative. They are both drop-in processable, i.e. every fossil-based PBS or

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Report PBAT producer can switch to bio-based PBS or PBAT as soon as the bio-based diacids and diols become available, with no need to change equipment. From announcements and seeing the capacity development in their bio-based precursor chemicals, the polymers of the companies covered here are expected to be increasingly bio-based, reaching shares of 50% (PBAT) and 80% (PBS) by 2020. Table 1 gives an overview on the covered bio-based polymers and the producer companies with their locations. The database contains a total of 247 companies in 363 locations. More detailed information is provided for 114 companies in 135 locations. Bio-based polymers: Evolution of production capacities from 2011 to 2020

Main results Building blocks and monomers as a precursor of polymers

Figure 1 shows the most important pathways from biomass to building blocks to polymers.

[million t/a]

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Starch Blends

PHA

PBAT

PBS

Polyolefins

PET

Thermosets

PLA

Figure 2: Bio-based polymers: Evolution of production capacities from 2011 to 2020

Evolution of the shares of bio-based production capacities in different regions 2011

20%

2020

14%

15% 13%

52%

North America

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

18%

55%

South America

Figure 3: Evolution of the shares of bio-based production capacities in different regions

13%

Asia

Europe

The thickness of the arrows is related to the current market relevance of the corresponding building blocks, while the yellow coloured areas illustrate the direct conversion of different polymers (namely natural rubber, starch-based polymers, lignin-based polymers and cellulose-based polymers) from biomass. Finally, green-coloured pathways correspond to the routes derived from glucose, whereas the purple and the orange ones coincide with the glycerol and fatty acid pathways respectively. Only existing routes currently engaged in industrial production have been taken into consideration. There are many more pathways under research or at pilot stage. However, one can clearly see that bio-based chemical producers currently have the potential to build extensive alternative supply chains for a variety of chemicals and polymers (e.g. PU, PA). There is a strong growth in the market for bio-based precursors for drop-in solutions, which are also partially covered by the report and database. Often there are not yet any announced capacities at the polymer producer stage, so the study could not reflect the volumes of polymers derived from these precursors. There is also a strong upward potential for bio-based PA precursors for example, as well as plans to make commodity PA like nylon 6.6 and nylon 6 (partly) bio-based. For different building blocks like adipic acid (2,800 kt market in total), HMDA, caprolactam, etc. the bio-based market share is purely a matter of price compared to petrochemical routes, which is already lower in some cases. The ongoing increase in bio-based MEG capacity and the development of bio-based pTA has a considerable impact on the production capacities of partly and later fully bio-based PET. The forecast for the total Bio-PET production capacity is based on the forecast of bio-based MEG production capacity in particular â&#x20AC;&#x201C; supported by announcements of future market demand.

Report Bio-based polymers The following paragraphs show some details about BioPET and PLA. Many more details – including other polymers – can be found only in the full report.

Bio-based PET The Coca-Cola Company, Ford Motor Company, H.J. Heinz Company, NIKE Inc. and Procter & Gamble announced in 2012 the formation of the Plant PET Technology Collaborative (PTC), a strategic working group focused on accelerating the development and use of 100% plant-based PET materials and fibre in their products. In just a few short years, The CocaCola Company has expanded from producing PlantBottleTM plastic in a single location to now having facilities in most of their major markets, with further expansion to come. When such brand corporations join forces and build alliances, their impact on the supply chain becomes inevitably visible. Mono-ethylene glycol (MEG), a key component of PET resins, is already going to be produced in high volumes as bio-based diol in India (Indian Glycols LTD., 175,000 t/a) and Taiwan (Greencol Taiwan, 100,000 t/a). The Indian company JBF Industries plans for additional MEG capacities of 500,000 t/a in Brazil to come on-stream after 2015. Also developments in the production of bio-based purified terephtalic acid, the other monomer of bio-PET, have been announced. As these precursors can be used to produce partly biobased PET in any existing PET facility at relatively short notice, only very little of the bio-MEG capacity to come already matches announcements about the production of bio-PET. Companies already dedicating part of their PET capacities to the production of bio-PET are for example Teijin and Indorama Venture, both located in Asia, with 100,000 t/a and 300,000 t/a respectively. In the year 2011 about 620,000 tonnes bio-based PET were produced from bio-MEG, expected to grow to a production capacity of nearly 5 million tonnes in 2020.

Content of the full report This over 360-page report presents the findings of novaInstitute’s year-long market study, which is made up of three parts: market data, trend reports and company profiles. The market data section presents market data about total production and capacities and the main application fields for selected bio-based polymers worldwide (status quo in 2011, trends and investments towards 2020). The trend reports section contains a total of six independent articles by leading experts in the field of bio-based polymers and plastics. The final company profiles section includes 114 company profiles with specific data including locations, bio-based polymers, feedstocks, production capacities and applications.

Bio-based Polymers Producer Database and updates to the report To conduct this study nova-Institute developed the Bio-based Polymers Producer Database, which includes a company profile of every company involved in the production of bio-based polymers and their precursors. This encompasses (state of affairs in 2011 and forecasts for 2020) basic information on the company (joint ventures, partnerships, technology and bio-based products) and its various manufacturing facilities. For each bio-based product, the database provides information about production and capacities, feedstocks, main application fields, market prices and bio-based share. Access to the database will be available end of April 2013. The database will be constantly updated by the experts who have contributed to this report. Buyers of the report will have free access to the database for one year. nova-Institute will generate an annual update of the report based on the existing report and the continuously updated database. MT www.nova-institut.eu

PLA – polylactic acid At 30 sites worldwide 25 companies have developed a production capacity of (presently) more than 180,000 tonnes per annum (t/a) of polylactic acid (PLA), which is one of the leading bio-based polymers. The largest producer, NatureWorks, had a capacity of 140,000 t/a in 2011. The other producers have current capacity of between 1,500 and 10,000 t/a. According to their own forecasts, existing PLA producers are planning to considerably expand their capacity to reach around 800,000 t/a by 2020 (see Figure 2). There should be at least seven sites with a capacity of over 50,000 t/a by that time. A survey of lactic acid producers (the precursor of PLA) revealed that production capacity could even rise to roughly 950,000 t/a to meet concrete requests from.

Order the full report The full 360-page report contains three main parts market data, six trend reports and 114 company profiles. It also includes one-year access to the Bio-based Polymers Producer Database, which will be continuously updated. The study can be ordered for 6,500 € at: www.bio-based.eu/market_study A long PDF-version of the press release this article is based on can be downloaded together with the figures at http://bit.ly/X4ILj9

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Chinaplas Preview

Plentiful New Elements at CHINAPLAS 2013

Photo: (iStockphoto / jacus)

Moving forward to the 27th edition, Chinaplas (the 27th International Exhibition on Plastics and Rubber Industries) not only continues to hit the new record on the show scale, but also brings in many new elements. In order to allow visitors to have sufficient time for procurement and technological exchange, the show period of Chinaplas 2013 will be extended to four whole days, staging from May 20 to 23, 2013 at China Import & Export Fair Complex, Pazhou, Guangzhou, China.

In the following you will find a some short reports of some of the 33 exhibitors in the Bioplastics Zone, including a floorplan of hall 12.2. This preview will be complemented by a review in the next issue.

Hisun

NatureWorks

As the leading PLA supplier in China, Hisun is improving the application performance of PLA all the time. After the successful launch of the modified heat resistant resin REVODE213S in 2012, Hisun will now launch a new heat resistance modified PLA resin named REVODE219C.

NatureWorks, a leader in the bio-plastics market with its Ingeo™ biopolymers derived from plants, will continue to exhibit in the Bioplastics Zone at Chinaplas 2013 further to the resounding success of its presence in the last two years. This time, NatureWorks will showcase more innovative commercial products to demonstrate the green momentum is spanning across a wide range of lifestyle applications from food serviceware and packaging, film packaging, to sophisticated durable innovations such as luxury jewels packaging, edgy design electronics, iPhone 5 and Samsung Galaxy phone covers, etc. With the lately signed global co-marketing agreement between NatureWorks and Altuglas International, a subsidiary of Arkema group, we will highlight a range of newly formulated bio-based, high performance alloys based on polymethylmethacrylate and Ingeo. The new materials will be marketed by Altuglas International as Plexiglas®/Altuglas® Rnew biopolymer alloys and primarily used for durable goods applications.

REVODE219C is a kind of translucent resin which offers excellent shock and heat resistance. It was specially designed for blowmoulded bottles (such as feeding bottles etc), space cups, and other home supplies. In terms of cost, technical properties, food contact safety and many other characteristics, products made from Revode219C are better than those made from polycarbonate (PC) in the current market. REVODE219C will be presented to bioplastic clients at Chinaplas 2013 www.hisunpharm.com

12.2L53

The setup of theme zones is always a good indicator of the market needs. Thus Chinaplas 2013 will again feature a Bioplastics Zone in Hall 12.2. If you visit Chinaplas make sure to visit the booth of bioplastics MAGAZINE in Hall 12.2 (booth 12.2N51).

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

www.natureworksllc.com

12.2K41

Chinaplas Preview KINGFA KINGFA is the leading modified plastic supplier in China. As a publicly listed company, Kingfa keeps a rapid growth in the past years. Currently Kingfa owns 6 production sites with a capacity of 1.5 million t/a. Products include modified plastics, special engineering plastics, fine chemical materials, bio-plastics, Woodplastic composite, carbon fibers and composites, etc. ECOPOND® is a sub-brand of Kingfa, dedicated to R&D, production and marketing of compostable plastics and bio-based plastics. For strategic development, with independent intellectual property, Kingfa is currently running a new production plant with capacity of 30,000 t/a, supplying compostable and biobased plastics globally. Ecopond compostable plastics have processing characteristics similar to LDPE, and fulfil EN 13432 (EU), ASTM D6400 (US) and AS4736 (AU) standards, which is ideal for compostable carrier bags, produce bags, bin liners & refuse sacks, garden sacks, pet waste bags, mulch film, etc. Ecopond bio-based plastics contain high percentage of renewable contents, with up to 4 star OK-biobased certificate, providing a low carbon footprint solution to injection/blow moulding plastic parts, especially for FMCG packaging, toys, etc. www.ecopond.com.cn

Cathay Industrial Biotech Ltd. Cathay Industrial Biotech has been a pioneering industrial biotechnology company with commercial-scale production since 2003. It is the world leader in the production of long chain dibasic acids used primarily for nylons, polyesters and adhesives and bio-solvents. Cathay’s leading-edge technological innovations allow the manufacturing of chemicals and fuels from renewable resources. Cathay is managed by a globally experienced team of technology, business and finance experts. Cathay Biotech’s Terryl™ Green Nylons are a series of polyamides based on their unique 100% biobased 1,5-pentanediamine, C-BIO N5 polyamide 56 based on this new diamine has similar performance properties to PA 66. In addition to potentially substituting HMDA with C-BIO N5, Cathay’s five carbon diamine, offers new performance properties in certain polyamide applications due to the even/ odd carbon arrangement. Available Terryl polyamides include PA 510, 512 and copolymers. www.cathaybiotech.com

12.2R61

12.2L41

Wuhan Huali Wuhan Huali Environmental Technology Co. LTD., will present ECO-KEEP products at Chinaplas 2013. Eco-keep is the Wuhan Huali brand of disposable housewares and these items are made from PSM® bioplastics, which use plant starch and other renewable sources as their main components, manufactured by polymer modification and plasticization.

SHENZHEN ECOMANN Shenzhen Ecomann Biotechnology Co. LTD., is a supplier of fully biodegradable biomaterial: Under the brand name AmBio they supply PHA and PHA based bio-resins. with a current annual capacity of 5,000 tonnes and a planned new capacity of 75,000 tonnes. Ecomann’s PHA is EN13432 and OK Compost Home certified and its PHA based bio-resins are available for various applications such as film (for mulch film applications, shopping bags etc.), sheet, injection moulding and thermoforming.

At the end of 2012,Eco Keep has been seen in more than 3600 supermarkets in China, including Wal-mart and Carrefour. It is first Eco house appliance brand in China, successfully introduced in 2013. Wuhan Huali is planning to introduce Eco-keep to many other countries in the world. www.psm.com.cn

12.2M41

At Chinaplas 2013, Ecomann will not only display their AmBio PHA based bio-resins and finished products, but also present its development in employing PHA to improve physical and chemical properties of other biobased polymers. www.ecomann.com

12.2K43

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Show Guide

采购指南

Chinaplas 2013

co-published by Polymedia Publisher GmbH and Adsale Exhibition Services Ltd.

Booth

Company

N41

Binhai Jinxiang Chemical Auxiliary Co.,lTd.,

N51

Bioplastics MAGAZINE

R41

Cardia Bioplastics

R61

Cathay Industrial Biotech Co., Ltd.

M55

Fukutomi Company Ltd.

M51

Grabio Greentech Corporation

R65

Guangzhou Bioplus Materials Technology Co., Ltd

R62

Huazhilu (Puning) Biomaterial Co., Ltd.

N43

Hubei Guanghe Bio-Technology Co., Ltd.

R43

Jiangsu Jinhe Hi-Tech Co., Ltd

L41

Kingfa Science and Technology Co., Ltd

M53

Myriant Corporation

M57

Nafigate Corporation

K41

Natureworks, LLC.

R51

Ningxia Qinglin Shenghua Technology Co., Ltd

M59

Shandong Fuwin New Material Co., Ltd.

R59

Shanghai Disoxidation Macromolecule Materials Co., Ltd

K43

Shenzhen Ecomann Biotechnology Co.,Ltd

L51

Shenzhen Esun Industrial co., Ltd.

N53

Suzhou Hanfeng New Material Co.,Ltd

L43

Tianjin Greenbio Materials Co., Ltd

R63

TÜV Rheinland Shanghai Ltd

M56

Uhde Inventa-Fischer GmbH

N59

Wingram Industry Co Ltd

M41

Wuhan Huali Environment Protection Science & Technology Co., Ltd.

N56

Yat Shun Hong Company Ltd

M43

Zhejiang Hangzhou Xinfu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd

L53

Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co.,Ltd

R53

Itene

R55

Roquette

R56

Bamtac

R57

SZPRA

N57

Fukan

CHEMICALS & RAW MATERIALS ZONE 14

To/from BIOPLASTICS ZONE 至/从 Hall 10.2展厅 19 6

bioplastics MAGAZINE

Bioplastics Zone

Hall 12.2 Zone A

On this floor plan you find the majority of companies offering bioplastics related products or services, such as resins, compounds, additives, semi-finished products and much more.

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1 3

2 26

29 20

24 7

8 30 31

32 17

TO/FROM

HALL 13.2

Zone B

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www.myriant.com

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Chinaplas Preview WinGram WinGram Industrial, a Hong Kong based company specialized in cellulose based material, started with traditional CA 15 years ago. WinGram is a major CA material supplier to most of the spectacle frame makers in China who produce European and US high quality branded frames. Two years ago they started developing biodegradable CA and successfully formulated their own 100% biodegradable polymer material which was recently certified to ISO14855 and EN 13432. WinGram also offers PLA based products. Their HRS material features high toughness and heat resistance. HRS offers a very high crystallization speed and heat resistance up to 120°C. That means HRS products are microwaveble. After crystallization HRS has a very high surface gloss, comparable to as ceramics. Thus, HRS is a very good alternative to melamine. HRS has

One of WinGrams PLA products is the first BOPLA (Biaxially Oriented Poly Latic Acid) commercially made in China. After the biaxial orientation process, PLA film becomes very flexible, has a high transparency and high gloss. BOPLA films are compostable, renewable, offer good heat sealability. They are very suitable for food packaging of candy and for window cartons. www.wingram.hk

12.2N59

Myriant Corporation

Uhde Inventa-Fischer

Myriant is developing a broad pipeline of bio-based chemicals, including succinic acid, that will perform as well as or better than traditional petroleum based products. The cost-advantage technology platform produces chemicals that have similar or better purity and performance as those made from petroleum, while providing a 95% reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG). Myriant’s bio-succinic acid can be used to produce a variety of materials, including polyurethanes and biodegradable plastics, enabling customers to improve the sustainability of their products without paying a green price premium.

The engineering company Uhde Inventa-Fischer, based in Berlin, Germany and Domat/Ems, Switzerland as well as the ThyssenKrupp Uhde Group will present at their booth in the bioplastics zone, the latest innovations and developments in the fields of production plants for monomers, intermediates and polymers as well as highpressure technology systems and components.

www.myriant.com

12.2M53

Xinfu Zhejiang Hangzhou Xinfu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is, among other things, a global leading manufacturer of vitamin B5. In addition XINFU specializes in the field of biochemicals, fine chemicals and Eco-Materials. Biocosafe™ is a type of biodegradable macromolecular polymer synthesized from diacid and diols by a direct process of condensation polymerization catalyzed by a highly effective non-toxic catalyzer that is developed by XINFU. It is certified compostable as to EN13432 and ASTM D6400. The Biocosafe resin series includes Biocosafe 1803 (PBSA), Biocosafe 1903 (PBS) and Biocosafe 2003 (PBAT), which can satisfy the different processing requirements of injection moulding, extrusion, blown film, fibre, bristle, straw and tube. Xinfu also have a research team to develop resin modification and product applications. XINFU is seeking opportunities to cooperate with different partners in order to develop biodegradable plastic market. www.xinfupharm.com

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earned certificates for the safety issues, such as FDA food contact approval, REACH, RoHS, phthalates etc.

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Uhde Inventa-Fischer has proven the potential of its self-developed, patented polylactic acid (PLA) technology, PLAneo®, at its proprietary pilot plant in Guben, Germany with a production capacity of 500 tonnes of polymer granules a year. The completely continuous process is perfectly suited to large-capacity industrial production plants. For the production of PLA commercially available lactic acid is used. This is converted to granules with a yield in excess of 95%. The plant enables all common PLA types as well as a multitude of modified specialities to be produced. The full range of applications of the PLA process includes film and fibre types and masterbatch base polymers as well as specialities, such as PLA copolymers and stereocomplex PLA with an increased heat resistance. www.uhde-inventa-fischer.com

12.2M56

Materials

New algae bioplastics

ereplast, Inc. has commercialized Cereplast Algae Bioplasticsâ&#x201E;˘ with the launch of BiopropyleneÂŽ 109D, an injection molding grade manufactured with 20% postindustrial algae biomatter. The company expects to commercialize a new grade with 50% algae in the coming weeks. Industrial uses for algae itself are broad. Algae is used to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from power plants and to remediate industrial waste and sewage treatment effluents. Algae from these uses are grown specifically for extraction can be used as a source of biofuel, nutrients and industrial specialty chemicals. Algae biofuel has been used on commercial airline flights for demonstration purposes. Karrageenan as a food thickener and agar for lab culture growth are two other more well-known chemicals obtained from algae. When the chemicals have been extracted from algae, the result is algae biomatter, which has limited usefulness because the beneficial chemicals have already been removed. Algae biomatter is often used as animal feed filler. Cereplast is now working with algae biomatter to be used as a filler in polyolefins, including polypropylene. However, algae biomatter can be of highly variable quality because of the many different strains of algae used industrially, and because of the many different uses of algae itself. This has limited access to a sufficient quantity of consistent algae biomatter, which has been a challenge in the effort to

Cereplast Algae Bioplastic Pellets

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

commercialize the algae grades. Cereplast has now identified a consistent post-industrial algae source. This finding allows the company to commercialize Cereplast Algae Bioplastics and expand the product line earlier than anticipated. Another hurdle on the path to commercialization was reducing the odor and color that is innate to algae biomass. Cereplast has been working on various means to resolve these issues; the present Cereplast technology dramatically reduces or eliminates the odor. Biopropylene 109D can be processed on existing conventional electric and hydraulic reciprocating screw injection molding machines, and is recommended for thin wall injection molding applications. Commercialized applications include a line of hair accessories (including headbands, barrettes, jaw clips and hair pins) by The Barrette Factory, a US-based company that manufactures the algae collection in France. Recently, Cereplast incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary called Algaeplastâ&#x201E;˘, which will separate the research and development for the algae grades from their other, starchbased bioplastic grades. Algaeplast will work toward developing new monomers and polymers made from algae within the next five years. www.cereplast.com

Materials

On the way to fully bio-based PET

Integrated BIO p-Xylene Process

ifferent market forecasts predict the strongest growth for bio-based PET (cf. e.g. page 10 or 22) in the upcoming years. While biobased mono ethylene glycol (MEG), which makes up 30% by wt. of the PET, is already available made from sugar cane based bio-ethanol, the other monomer pTA (purified terephthalic acid) is still made from fossil resources.

One of the companies that are busy in getting biobased pTA and thus 100% bio-based PET into the market is Gevo, a leading renewable chemicals and advanced biofuels company from Englewood, Colorado, USA. The company is developing biobased alternatives to petroleum-based products using a combination of synthetic biology and chemistry. “Our business model is to retrofit existing bio-ethanol plants to produce biobased isobutanol from sugar sources via fermentation,” as Bob Bernacki, VP of Business Development – Chemicals explained to bioplastics MAGAZINE. “Therefore we use different proprietary yeast biocatalysts,” he said.

Dehydrocyclization

C8-ene

crude pX C8-ene

Isobutanol

Dehydration

butenes

water

Bio p-xylene

Melt crystallizer o,m xylene

C12-ene C16-ene

Bio Jet Fuel

Hydrogenation

Oligomerization

Isobutanol to Jet Fuel and Paraxylene (Source: Gevo)

The bio-isobutanol is then converted into butenes (C4) via dehydration. In a following oligomerization step these butenes are grouped together to from C8, C12 or C16 molecules. While the C12 and C16s are converted into e.g. jet-fuel, the C8 molecules are converted into paraxylene (PX), the precursor for terephthalic acid. Gevo is currently starting construction of a pilot plant which is scheduled to produce paraxylene in July of this year. The bio-PET will be produced by the Japanese company Toray. After an evaluation phase with different fiber-, film and bottle grades of 100% bio-based PET, GEVO will (in 2014) start looking for partners to take the technology and scale it up for commercial production of biobased PX. Gevo is a leader in the bio-based isobutanol production and “what really helped us to be successful are the strong partnerships that we formed throughout the value chain,” said Bob Bernacki. “For example partnerships on the feedstock-side with companies working on converting cellulose into fermentable sugars, partners such as Purina Land O’Lakes for upgrading the value of the animal feed we make or partnerships with companies like Coca-Cola, Lanxess, or Toray, etc., for downstream products made from isobutanol.” MT www.gevo.com

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Materials

Structural infusion resin DSM presents Beyone™ 1, Styrene-free and Cobalt-free structural infusion resin with 40 % bio-content

SM recently announced the introduction of Beyone 1, a new high performance resin system. The new resin combines excellent mechanical strength and fatigue resistance, ease of processing, and reduced impact on the environment. The Beyone 1 resin is a BluCure™ Product, is styrene- as well as cobalt-free, and contains approximately 40% of raw materials based on renewable resources. This resin is targeted at applications in building, infrastructure, marine and wind energy. The new Beyone 1 resin is uniquely combining the great processing characteristics typical for polyester and vinyl ester resins, and excellent strength and fatigue resistance associated with epoxy resins. The low resin viscosity enables easy impregnation and high processing speeds, saving cost and yielding high process output. Close to 40% of the raw materials used for this resin are derived from renewable resources, diminishing considerably the ecological footprint and already clearing the way for continued supply in future when availability of fossilbased raw materials may be reduced. “The bio-ingredients in the current formulation are derived from corn”, as Thomas Wegman, Marketing Manager DSM Composite Resins AG, explained to bioplastics MAGAZINE. At the same time, DSM has increased its efforts to investigate routes for making these

700

specific raw materials from secondary organic sources, i.e. not competing with the food chain. The Beyone 1 resin has been based on a new proprietary technology developed by DSM incorporating different types of reactive diluents and bio-ingredients. “We call this internally our 2nd generation Styrene-free technology”, as Thomas points out. “Today we cannot give you more information, but rest assured you will hear more from us in the future!” “DSM has been able to develop this (…) resin using its wide expertise in Styrene-free and Cobalt-free technology”, says Robert Puyenbroek, Chief Technical Officer of DSM Composite Resins. “This new resin is 40% bio-based and also demonstrates great performance, so we believe that we are redefining the standard for the industry both in performance and sustainability: truly a Green Revolution.” “Since many years DSM is living its Sustainable Innovation strategy, as we lead the industry in pushing the limits of traditional resin system”, adds Fons Harbers, European Commercial Director DSM Composite resins. “With the Beyone 1 resin we deliver as promised true innovation to the market, so together with our customers we can grow and create more value with composites”. MT www.dsm.com

Fatigue Stress Max (MPa)

600 500 400 300 200 100

0 1,E+00 1,E+01 1,E+02 1,E+03 1,E+04 1,E+05 1,E+06 1,E+07 Number of Cycles

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Currently Used High Performance Epoxy Infusion Grade Beyone 1 Currently used Vinyl Ester Infusion Grade

Application News

Storage boxes

Compostable juicer bags Cardia Bioplastics (Mulgrave, Victoria, Australia) is pleased to announce that Breville Group Limited (headquartered in Botany, New South Wales, Australia), a global designer and manufacturer of small kitchen appliances will purchase and market Cardia’s compostable juicer bags as part of its Juicer accessory offering to consumers.

The company 4e solutions GmbH (Filderstadt Germany) was recently awarded with the Best New Product Award 2013 for their stackable storage box systems ajaa! made from two different ARBOBLEND® formulations (made by TECNARO, Ilsfeld-Auenstein, Germany) at the leading trade fair for organic products BioFach in Nuremberg, Germany. “We are happy that BioFach visitors choose our ajaa! boxes for the Best New Product Award. With these products we are launching a world first, because our boxes, unlike any other commercial products of this kind, are made from 100% renewable resources”, says Raphael Stäbler, founder and CEO of 4e solutions. Moreover, the boxes are very practical in everyday life: They are stackable, freezer safe, dishwasher-safe and food safe. The ajaa! range of boxes for storing pasta, cereal, grains, rice, sausage, cheese, vegetables, sugar, flour, and more currently comprises four different sizes: 0.6 liters and 1.4 liters with a square base and 0.9 liters and 2.1 liters with elongated base. All boxes are available in plain white and can be individually combined with four subtle color variations in the seals: lime, pink, tangerine and cool gray. For the first time in market, a stiff but impact resistant compound (made of a biopolymer, natural minerals and waxes) for the box casing was combined with a coloured sealing grade made out of Tecnaro’s new bio-based Thermoplastic Elastomers product family. Based on a joint research project supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF/PTJ), improved formulations have been developed for this application. They can be jointly recycled as they are compatible to each other. 4e solutions GmbH’s brand ajaa! stands for products which help simplifying life. Practical use is combined with innovative design. The new storage boxes are made from renewable resources and guarantee a long living, a truly sustainable solution. MT www.ajaa.de www.tecnaro.de

Breville is a leader in juicer sales and has launched the compostable juicer bags in packs of 30, for sale where you can buy Breville Juicers in the USA and can also be purchased online at www.brevilleusa.com. Breville’s launch in the USA has implemented the 100% compostable The Clean & Green™ juicer pulp bag, with its Juice Fountain® range of juice extractors to encourage environmentally-friendly waste disposal practices. The bags are made fo Cardia’s compostable bioplastics which is made from GMO free corn starch and certified by BPI according to ASTM D6400 International Standards. Michelle Smith-Aiken, Breville’s USA Category Manager for Food Prep said: “We recognized that consumers are always looking for even faster clean-up when they’re using a juicer and that most were using their produce bags in their pulp bins to help with the clean up. We saw this as an unhealthy disposal of plastic and wanted to come up with a more environmentally responsible way. The Clean & Green juicer bags are the solution for a faster clean up while providing a fully compostable option to dispose of the pulp.” Cardia’s Chairman Pat Volpe said: “Partnering with a global consumer products company such as Breville on this project and the successful launch by Breville to its customer base in the USA, is an endorsement and credit to Breville as they lead the way to environmental friendly practices. It also demonstrates Cardia’s versatile Bioplastics technologies as Cardia wins the confidence of a world class designer and maker of kitchen appliances”. This is an important achievement for Cardia and adds another leading global brand to the Company’s customer portfolio. This also confirms Cardia’s view of a global shift with major brand owners and packaging companies wanting to transition from conventional oil based plastic packaging products to bioplastics that have and environmental benefit and a lower carbon foot print. The global shift towards green economies is gaining significant traction as individuals, companies and Governments are looking at ways to reduce their impact on the environment and looking at new technologies that can reduce their carbon footprint. Cardia is wellplaced to capitalise on this trend supported. MT www.cardiabioplastics.com www.brevillegroup.com.au

100% compostable ‘the Clean & Green’ juicer bag developed by Cardia Bioplastics for the Breville Juicer Fountain range

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Application News

New handbag collection

Disposable tea infuser

Luxury accessories brand and celebrity favorite Dominique Duval (a division of The Berette Factory) is branching out from its line of chic hair accessories to introduce an eco-conscious handbag collection made from Cereplast bioplastics. The bags feature accents of recycled cashmere, semi-precious stones such as black onyx and amber citrine, metal chain and metal zippers. In a Cereplast blog Dominique Duval and The Barrette Factory founder Jane Gauthier said: “I wanted to incorporate Cereplast bioplastics into my bag and hair accessories collections because of its timelessness and its timeliness. I am personally committed to protecting the environment, and now is the time to do everything we can to preserve our planet. As a designer, I am always looking for ways to improve the carbon footprint of my products without sacrificing quality. Bioplastics are more environmentally friendly than traditional plastics, and that’s important to me and to my customers.”

The Tea Spot, a US-based company that specializes in producing handcrafted loose leaf teas, is launching Brewlux®, the first disposable tea infuser. Winner of the World Tea Expo Best New Product Award, the Brewlux brings the teahouse experience to a to-go cup. Its patentpending filter design is the first premium alternative to the teabag and paper filters for whole leaf tea. This rigid, large volume tea filter fits in a standard to-go cup and gives tea leaves ample room to expand to their full flavor potential.

The first products Jane Gauthier made with Cereplast were hair accessories from algae bioplastics for The Barrette Factory. “I ship the material to France to be shaped into the forms I need for my hair accessories, and I get it back silky and formed into various shapes. My customers love the algae collection. The designs look delicate, but are actually extremely durable and eco-friendly. The algae has a wonderful grip and silky texture. For the bags Dominique Duval is using Cereplast Hybrid 651D. The Ethylene Acrylate (EA) and starch hybrid resin is a tough, soft touch, pliable material that is ideal for extrusions and soft injection moldable applications, providing the desirable properties of conventional EA while offering a lower carbon footprint and expanding the range of properties available for durable bioplastic materials. It can be used for the manufacture of consumer goods and packaging, footwear, handbags and other fashion accessories, as well as wire and cable insulation, soft plastic goods such as tubes and hoses and adhesion layers for multi-layer films. Hybrid 651D can be processed on existing, conventional processing equipment. The new material won the MATERIALICA Design + Technology 2012 silver award for outstanding innovation in the Material category (Munich, Germany October 23, 2012). MT www.cereplast.com www.dominiqueduval.com

Dominique Duval bag made from Cereplast bioplastics plus recycled cashmere bows and black onyx.

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

The Brewlux is made from Cereplast Biopropylene® 106D, a 50% starch, high melt flow polypropylene starch compound, which provides a lower carbon footprint when compared to conventional polypropylene, low density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate and high impact polystyrene. “Foodservice corporations are measuring environmental impacts in their supply chains by identifying the biggest impacts and opportunities for reduction in waste production and carbon footprint reduction. Teabag tea has approximately ten times the carbon footprint of loose tea and as such, loose leaf tea presents an environmentally responsible choice in foodservice,” stated The Tea Spot founder Maria Uspenski. “The strong growth of the LOHAS (Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability) market segment demonstrates consumers’ increasing willingness to practice responsible capitalism through social and environmentally sustainable business practices. From product sourcing, to packaging and delivery systems, consumers are making daily economic choices in favor of helping subsidize environmentally responsible choices. This trend in consumer consciousness allowed us to maintain economically viable product margins and market pricing while making our Brewlux product using a renewable bioplastic resin.” www.cereplast.com

Application News

Ink from renewable resources NatureInk® opens up new avenues for highlighting sustainability, environmental responsibility and healthconscious behaviour in product marking. This green ink can be used for virtually all printing devices and surfaces. Wherever you find best-before dates, bar codes, etc., these are usually printed with industrial printing ink. Frequently, such inks contain substances that have harmful effects on the environment and human health during the production process. NatureInk is a new printing ink that is gentle on the environment and less harmful to human health and is marketed by MFG Service Kennzeichnungstechnik GmbH in Freising, Germany. This eco-ink consists of natural resins, water, vegetable esters, cellulose, bio-chars, dye plants or bio-ethanol – all of which are renewable raw materials. The development of this new ink, which exhibits excellent surface adhesion, brilliance and drying properties, was made possible by the successful application of advanced natural and engineering sciences combined with expertise in hightech materials. The NatureInk – die GrüneTinte® project is sponsored by Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU), a German federal foundation promoting environmental projects. NatureInk can be used in the food-processing industry, e.g. for egg, cheese or meat marking, in the pharmaceutical industry, e.g. for blister packs, cardboard boxes, or labels, in the production of organic products, in the electrical industry, e.g. for the marking of cables, in wood processing, in the packaging industry, e.g. for metal, plastic, glass packagings, or in letter shops. NatureInk adheres to (virtually) every material: uncoated or coated paper, labels, paper board, metals, various steel alloys, blister packs, crown caps, closures, aluminium lids, tin cans, glass containers, bottles, plastics such as PVC, polycarbonate, polystyrene,

polyethylene, polypropylene, films, secondary packaging, wood and many, many more. Thanks to excellent innovative production methods, NatureInk is a serious competitor for inks produced from synthetic chemicals. NatureInk shows a good light fastness of 7 according to wool scale (DIN 16 525), it is water fast and resistant to temperature, acids, bases, and solvents and is suitable for a wide range of printing surfaces. In printing, an excellent edge definition can be achieved, which is why NatureInk is frequently used for bar codes and Data Matrix codes. NatureInk is available for all common printing systems such as continuous inkjet printing, large character drop on demand (DoD) printing, thermal inkjet printing (TIJ), piezo printing, encoding and stamping applications and office applications. NatureInk is currently available in black and in green. The emission exposure for employees and products is extremely low making the product much safer for human health. The levels of toxic and irritating substances that may affect human health when touched or inhaled are far lower than with conventional printing inks. MT www.natureink-tinte.de

Packaging for sustainable paints With the recent launch of a new range of GEODE paints under the TOLLENS brand, Materis Paints, one of the leading manufacturers of paints for the trade and for the general public in Europe, is innovating in two different ways. Even more environmentally friendly in their composition, these paints are also the first in the world to be marketed in biobased plastic packaging. This innovative new packaging is the fruit of an exemplary partnership between Materis Paints, RPC Superfos from the RPC Group and Roquette. Roquette, in line with an eco-design policy, developed a specific grade of plant-based plastic perfectly suited to the injection moulding of thin walls, in accordance with the technical requirements of RPC Superfos. This grade has a high fluidity as well as being very stable over time. Like the rest of Roquette’s GAÏALENE® range, this grade is obtained from a local plant-based resource, renewable each year and widely available in France: starch.

RPC Superfos worked on the homologation of the grade, examining its behaviour to injection at its industrial facilities, its mechanical resistance, its chemical resistance and its compatibility with the various constituents of water-based paints. Its stability to microorganisms was also assessed. The grade selected can be easily used on equipment in situ whilst being workable at lower temperatures than is customary and, in this way, resulting in an additional economic and environmental benefit. Finally, Materis Paints and RPC Superfos ran joint tests under actual conditions and over long periods. These tests were used to confirm the stability and resistance to ageing of these new forms of packaging. MT www.tollens.com www.superfos.com www.gaialene.com

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Applications

Mercedes engine cover (Photo: DSM)

ercedes-Benz has chosen a high performance polyamide largely made from renewable resources for the engine beauty cover of the brand-new MercedesBenz A-Class. Around 70% of the raw materials used to make the polyamide 410 in DSM’s EcoPaXX® Q-HGM24 reinforced compound are derived from the castor plant (Ricinus communis). The engine cover, used on turbo-powered petrol-engine versions of the new A-Class, has to meet very demanding performance specifications, which are complicated by its large size. With dimensions of 575 by 550mm, and operating in an environment that can reach temperatures of more than 200°C, resistance to warpage and high dimensional stability are important. In addition, the engine cover is required to resist high dynamic loads deriving from engine vibrations, and it needs to be light. Mercedes-Benz’s target was to develop the new A-Class with better fuel-efficiency than the previous generation, and in fact, overall consumption has been improved by 26 percent. On top of this, the beauty cover is the most visible component in the engine compartment, so when the customer opens the hood, surface finish is paramount.

(Photo: Daimler)

EcoPaXX Q-HGM24 has very good heat resistance, demonstrated by a deflection temperature (HDT/A @ 1.8 MPa) of 200°C. The beauty cover, which weighs just 1.320kg, can survive continuous-use temperatures of 200°C, with short term peeks of 235°C. The compound, which contains glass fiber and mineral particulate reinforcement, produces a better surface appearance than any other polyamide currently used for this type of application. This is the first time that EcoPaXX Q-HGM24 has been used for high volume mass-production, and according to Kees Tintel, EcoPaXX business manager at DSM, more will follow. “DSM launched EcoPaXX in 2009 in answer to increasing market demand for high performance durable bio-based engineering plastics,“ says Tintel. Mercedes-Benz states in the Life Cycle Environmental Certificate for the A-Class that production of an engine cover in bio-based polyamide results in only around 40% of the quantity of carbon dioxide emissions that would be necessary in order to produce the same component from a conventional polyamide. “The difference per component is around 6.5kg of carbon dioxide emissions,” says the report. “This technology makes a significant contribution towards climate protection.”

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Applications “EcoPaXX is 70% bio-based, but its green credentials come at no cost to performance,” says Tintel. “It combines superb mechanical properties with excellent chemical resistance in various media. It also has the highest melting point of any bio-based aliphatic polyamide, making it very suitable for applications needing high heat resistance, such as engine covers for turbo engines and crank shaft covers. The fact that it can be used in so-called beauty covers in cars made by a company like Mercedes-Benz, which puts so much emphasis on the perfect marriage of form and function, speaks volumes for the surface finish it makes possible.”

material such as EcoPaXX, in such close cooperation with a major customer like Mercedes-Benz,” says Tintel “This is just the beginning and the real up-swing in use of bio-based products is soon to come.”

BBP Kunststoffwerk Marbach Baier GmbH is the supplier for the engine cover. BBP build the production tooling including optimization and process fine tuning which is needed to reach the requested dimensional and surface requirements of Mercedes-Benz.

Moreover, a higher proportion of high quality secondary raw materials and components made from renewable raw materials is used. In all, the 2012 model year A-Class has a significantly improved Life Cycle Assessment compared to its predecessor model.” MT

Since the launch of EcoPaXX, DSM has developed a full portfolio of polyamide 410 grades tuned to the needs of the automotive and other specialty industries. “It is really exciting to develop applications with a high-performance green

Mercedes-Benz concludes in its Life Cycle Environmental Certificate: “The Mercedes-Benz A-Class not only meets the highest standards in terms of safety, comfort, agility and design, but also satisfies all current requirements with regard to environmental compatibility. This environmental certificate documents the major progress which has been achieved in comparison to the preceding model of the A-Class.

www.dsm.com/automotive www.ecopaxx.com

(Photo: bM)

The 8th Annual

Connecting end users with the latest applications, the most innovative technologies and the most reliable suppliers

Offering more than 50 presentations designed to provide you with top-level insights and the latest technological innovations; an exciting and easy to reach location; and the most compelling and dynamic content that you’ll see at any event this year, Biopolymers 2013 will be the most comprehensive and innovative bioplastics event! Scan this QR code with your smart device to visit the conference webiste

June 11-12, 2013

The Field Museum, Chicago, IL

www.biopolymersummit.com bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Applications

PUMA introduces biodegradable products

portlifestyle company PUMA SE (headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Germany) will be launching a collection of shoes, apparel and accessories that are either biodegradable or recyclable when consumers return them to PUMA’s Bring Me Back Program at the end of their lifecycles. With the PUMA InCycle collection, coming into stores in Spring/Summer 2013, PUMA takes a first step in addressing the environmental footprint of its consumers’ disposal, helping them to reduce their personal waste generation. “While we have already implemented numerous initiatives to reduce PUMA’s footprint on our mission to become the most desirable and sustainable Sportlifestyle company, the PUMA InCycle collection is the first step to help reduce the amounts of garbage that consumer products cause at the end of their lives,” said Franz Koch, CEO of PUMA. “We feel that we are responsible for the environmental impact our products cause and this innovative concept in sustainability is a first step towards our long-term vision of using innovative materials and design concepts for PUMA products that can be recycled in technical processes or composted in biological cycles.”

PUMA is taking on the challenge of launching an entire line that is either biodegradable or recyclable and 100% Cradleto-Cradle Basic certifiedCM. The PUMA InCycle collection includes among numerous others the lifestyle sneaker Basket (biodegradable cotton + APINATbio©), the legendary PUMA Track Jacket (recyclable), shirts (biodegradable cotton) and a backpack (recyclable). After PUMA’s 2010 Environmental Profit and Loss Account (E P&L) revealed that 57% of PUMA’s environmental impacts are associated with the production of raw materials such as leather, cotton and rubber, the

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company aimed at increasing the number of products made of more sustainable materials. So only clever raw materials have been used to manufacture this collection: PUMA InCycle uses among others biodegradable polymers, recycled polyester and organic cotton in order to eliminate pesticides, chemical fertilizers and other hazardous chemicals. PUMA simultaneously launched its new Product E P&L that analyzed and assessed the environmental impacts of two PUMA InCycle products with two conventional PUMA products. The analysis brought to light that the PUMA InCycle Basket and a PUMA InCycle shirt impact the environment 31% less than a conventional product. Furthermore it revealed that it takes 31 trucks with a load capacity of 13,000 kg to clear the waste that 100,000 pairs of conventional PUMA Suede sneakers cause during the production process and consumer life until they end up on landfills or in incinerators. In comparison, 12 trucks are needed to clear the waste that 100,000 pairs of biodegradable PUMA InCycle Baskets cause until they end up in an industrial composting facility system.

Biodegradable Products A precondition for products to be biodegradable is that they must be only made of biodegradable materials including organic fibers without any toxic chemicals and have to follow certain international standards for composting. This ensures that already the sourcing and manufacturing process of biodegradable PUMA products creates the least environmental impact possible. The upper of PUMA’s biodegradable lifestyle sneaker Basket is made of a mix of

Applications

organic cotton and linen while the sole is composed of the biodegradable plastic APINATbio, a new material innovation which is biodegradable when disposed correctly. When collected through PUMA’s Bring Me Back Program, shredded and transported to an industrial composting facility system, the materials of the Basket compost into natural humus and become part of the ecosystem again.

Dr. Michael Braungart, Founder of EPEA Internationale Umweltforschung GmbH. “Their line of sports and lifestyle products are truly designed based on the Cradle to Cradle design principles. Their new collection, along with their cooperation with I:CO and their Bring Me Back system, put them at the forefront of holistic beauty, innovation, and quality.”

Michael Schneider of REMONDIS AG & Co. KG confirmed to bioplastics MAGAZINE that they performed composting tests which were “challenging but generally successful” and that they would accept collected shoes and shirts from the PUMA Bring Me Back Program if requested.

The PUMA InCycle collection will be available in PUMA Stores worldwide in February 2013. MT

Remondis is one of the world‘s largest water and environmental service companies that runs several composting plants in Germany. So even if in Germany municipal bio-waste collection systems only allow compostable plastics in form of bio-waste bags in their biobins, closed loop systems with collection of compostable products at the point of sale and subsequent composting in partnering compost facilities seems conceivable. All products of the PUMA InCycle collection are Cradle-toCradle Basic certified, being the first collection of footwear, apparel and accessories to carry this certification. The aim of the Cradle-to-Cradle® design concept is to have an improved consumer quality for the user, pose no health risk for anyone who comes into contact with them and deliver both economic and ecological benefits. “It is such a great accomplishment to see PUMA taking the initiative, and leading their company towards developing products that generate a beneficial footprint”, said Prof.

www.about.puma.com/press www.remondis.com

APINATbio: This premium bioplastic fully complies with biodegradability standards such as EN 13432, EN 14995 and ASTM D6400. This material can be transformed using regular production techniques. APINATbio is also completely recyclable, and can be used in both disposable and durable goods. According to European standards EN 13432 and EN 14995 and American standard ASTM D600, a material is considered to be biodegradable if it degrades by at least 90% within 6 months. www.apinatbio.com

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Basics

Biorefinery â&#x20AC;&#x201C; The future of biobased products production? What is a biorefinery? Almost every day we hear or read this term. This article tries to explain this rather complex topic. By: Matthew Aylott Science Writer for NNFCC, York, UK

Fuels

Bioenergy Power

Food

Heat

Feed

Bio-based Products Materials Chemicals

(Source: IEA Bioenergy Task 42)

Photo: VIVESCIA, Jean-Marc Lisse)

efining has been done in the oil industry for many years but is less familiar to those in the biomass industry. Increasingly though the biomass industry is looking to integrate processes to make them more efficient, and biorefineries could hold the key. Most bio-based chemicals and materials are produced at single process sites. In comparison, biorefineries integrate a number of processes at one location, enabling the delivery of multiple outputs, like energy (fuel, heat and power), biobased products (like chemical monomers and building blocks for bioplastics) and food or feed. This is more efficient than a single product process and is seen as the blueprint for the future bio-based economy. But biorefineries are not new. The food and paper industries have been integrating bio-based production processes for decades, long before the term biorefinery had been coined. However, the growth of the biofuels market has created new opportunities for integration. Many in the bioplastics industry would argue that biomass should initially be used at least once for its material value and then used to produce energy at its end of life, as in a cascading use system [1]. However, biofuels are currently the principle focus of new biorefinery development owing to the subsidies available for their use and the mature nature of the market. Significant amounts of renewable fuels will be needed in the short to medium term to meet national targets. But while the size of the market is large, profit margins are not. In the long-term, making the biofuels industry more sustainable will require a reduction in cost. A promising approach to

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

(Source: IEA Bioenergy Task 42)

Basics

reducing biofuel production costs is to develop biofuel-driven biorefineries that integrate the production of fuels and valueadded products, like bio-based chemicals and materials [2]. The added-value of these co-products makes it possible to produce biofuels at costs that are market competitive at a given biomass resource price. A 2010 study by Wageningen University and Research Center (The Netherlands) found that production costs of biofuels could be reduced by around 30% when using a biorefinery approach [3]. This will also bring cost reductions for bio-based products. Biorefining platform technologies can include six-carbon sugars from starch, sucrose or cellulose; as well as mixed fiveand six-carbon sugars streams derived from hemicellulose, lignin, oils (vegetable or algal), organic solutions from grasses, pyrolysis liquid, synthesis gas and biogas made from agricultural residues and wastes [4]. The chemicals produced by these biorefining processes can then be converted into a wide range of marketable products using a mixture of thermal, biological and chemical treatments. A biorefinery can be as simple as producing fuel and feed at one site, as is the case with many first generation ethanol production facilities. But biorefineries can also be even more integrated, allowing resources and infrastructure to be pooled together to make a range of products. But this grand plan is no pipe dream. Biorefineries that integrate food, feed, fuel and chemicals production are already a reality. In France, the Les Sohettes biorefinery (see photo) is

a cluster of facilities that convert feedstocks, like wheat and sugar beet, into a range of products such as heat, power, paper pulp, solvents, ethanol...the list goes on. Nothing is wasted, even the water is recycled. There is also a demonstrator project polymerising succinic acid into polybutylene succinate (PBS). Similarly, the Blair Biorefinery in Nebraska, USA – owned by Cargill – integrates the processing of maize for the food industry with ethanol and lactic acid production. The lactic acid is polymerised on-site to make NatureWorks polylactic acid (PLA) bioplastics. This integrated model could offer significant opportunities to bio-based chemical and bioplastics industries. According to the World Economic Forum, global revenue generated from biorefining could amount to US$300 billion by 2020, with the production of renewable chemicals and their polymers alone generating as much as US$15 billion. www.nnfcc.co.uk [1]: German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety. Innovation durch Forschung¸ Jahresbericht 2009 zur Forschungsförderung im Bereich der erneuerbaren Energien, 2009. [2]: IEA Bioenergy - Task 42 Biorefinery: Biobased Chemicals - value added products from biorefineries, Feb 2012. www.nnfcc.co.uk/ tools/iea-bioenergy-task-42-biorefinery-biobased-chemicalsvalue-added-products-from-biorefineries [3]: Bakker, R et al. Financieel-economische aspecten van Biobrandstofproductie: deskstopstudie naar de invloed van coproductie van bio-based producten op de financiële haalbaarheid van biobrandstoffen, Oct 2010. [4]: German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMELV). Roadmap Bioraffinerien, May 2012.

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Basics

Glossary 3.2

last update issue 02/2013

In bioplastics MAGAZINE again and again the same expressions appear that some of our readers might not (yet) be familiar with. This glossary shall help with these terms and shall help avoid repeated explanations such as ‘PLA (Polylactide)‘ in various articles. Since this Glossary will not be printed in each issue you can download a pdf version from our website (bit.ly/OunBB0) bioplastics MAGAZINE is grateful to European Bioplastics for the permission to use parts of their Glossary (see [1]) Readers who would like to suggest better or other explanations to be added to the list, please contact the editor. [*: bM ... refers to more comprehensive article previously published in bioplastics MAGAZINE)

Bioplastics (as defined by European Bioplastics e.V.) is a term used to define two different kinds of plastics: a. Plastics based on → renewable resources (the focus is the origin of the raw material used). These can be biodegradable or not. b. → Biodegradable and → compostable plastics according to EN13432 or similar standards (the focus is the compostability of the final product; biodegradable and compostable plastics can be based on renewable (biobased) and/or non-renewable (fossil) resources). Bioplastics may be - based on renewable resources and biodegradable; - based on renewable resources but not be biodegradable; and - based on fossil resources and biodegradable. Aerobic - anaerobic | aerobic = in the presence of oxygen (e.g. in composting) | anaerobic = without oxygen being present (e.g. in biogasification, anaerobic digestion) [bM 06/09]

Anaerobic digestion | conversion of organic waste into bio-gas. Other than in → composting in anaerobic degradation there is no oxygen present. In bio-gas plants for example, this type of degradation leads to the production of methane that can be captured in a controlled way and used for energy generation. [14] [bM 06/09] Amorphous | non-crystalline, glassy with unordered lattice Amylopectin | Polymeric branched starch molecule with very high molecular weight (biopolymer, monomer is → Glucose) [bM 05/09]

Amylose | Polymeric non-branched starch molecule with high molecular weight (biopolymer, monomer is → Glucose) [bM 05/09] Biobased plastic/polymer | A plastic/polymer in which constitutional units are totally or in part from → biomass [3]. If this claim is used, a percentage should always be given to which extent the product/material is → biobased [1] [bM 01/07, bM 03/10]

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Biobased | The term biobased describes the part of a material or product that is stemming from → biomass. When making a biobasedclaim, the unit (→ biobased carbon content, → biobased mass content), a percentage and the measuring method should be clearly stated [1] Biobased carbon | carbon contained in or stemming from → biomass. A material or product made of fossil and → renewable resources contains fossil and → biobased carbon. The 14C method [4, 5] measures the amount of biobased carbon in the material or product as fraction weight (mass) or percent weight (mass) of the total organic carbon content [1] [6] Biobased mass content | describes the amount of biobased mass contained in a material or product. This method is complementary to the 14C method, and furthermore, takes other chemical elements besides the biobased carbon into account, such as oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen. A measuring method is currently being developed and tested by the Association Chimie du Végétal (ACDV) [1] Biodegradable Plastics | Biodegradable Plastics are plastics that are completely assimilated by the → microorganisms present a defined environment as food for their energy. The carbon of the plastic must completely be converted into CO2 during the microbial process. The process of biodegradation depends on the environmental conditions, which influence it (e.g. location, temperature, humidity) and on the material or application itself. Consequently, the process and its outcome can vary considerably. Biodegradability is linked to the structure of the polymer chain; it does not depend on the origin of the raw materials. There is currently no single, overarching standard to back up claims about biodegradability. One standard for example is ISO or in Europe: EN 14995 Plastics- Evaluation of compostability - Test scheme and specifications [bM 02/06, bM 01/07]

Biomass | Material of biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formations and material transformed to fossilised material. This includes organic material, e.g. trees, crops, grasses, tree litter, algae and waste of biological origin, e.g. manure [1, 2]

Biorefinery | the co-production of a spectrum of bio-based products (food, feed, materials, chemicals including monomers or building blocks for bioplastics) and energy (fuels, power, heat) from biomass.[bM 02/13] Blend | Mixture of plastics, polymer alloy of at least two microscopically dispersed and molecularly distributed base polymers Bisphenol-A (BPA) | Monomer used to produce different polymers. BPA is said to cause health problems, due to the fact that is behaves like a hormone. Therefore it is banned for use in children’s products in many countries. BPI | Biodegradable Products Institute, a notfor-profit association. Through their innovative compostable label program, BPI educates manufacturers, legislators and consumers about the importance of scientifically based standards for compostable materials which biodegrade in large composting facilities. Carbon footprint | (CFPs resp. PCFs – Product Carbon Footprint): Sum of → greenhouse gas emissions and removals in a product system, expressed as CO2 equivalent, and based on a → life cycle assessment. The CO2 equivalent of a specific amount of a greenhouse gas is calculated as the mass of a given greenhouse gas multiplied by its → global warmingpotential [1, 2] Carbon neutral, CO2 neutral | Carbon neutral describes a product or process that has a negligible impact on total atmospheric CO2 levels. For example, carbon neutrality means that any CO2 released when a plant decomposes or is burnt is offset by an equal amount of CO2 absorbed by the plant through photosynthesis when it is growing. Carbon neutrality can also be achieved through buying sufficient carbon credits to make up the difference. The latter option is not allowed when communicating → LCAs or carbon footprints regarding a material or product [1, 2]. Carbon-neutral claims are tricky as products will not in most cases reach carbon neutrality if their complete life cycle is taken into consideration (including the end-of life). If an assessment of a material, however, is conducted (cradle to gate), carbon neutrality might be a valid claim in a B2B context. In this case, the unit assessed in the complete life cycle has to be clarified [1] Catalyst | substance that enables and accelerates a chemical reaction Cellophane | Clear film on the basis of → cellulose [bM 01/10] Cellulose | Cellulose is the principal component of cell walls in all higher forms of plant life, at varying percentages. It is therefore the most common organic compound and also the most common polysaccharide (multisugar) [11]. C. is a polymeric molecule with very high molecular weight (monomer is → Glucose), industrial production from wood or cotton, to manufacture paper, plastics and fibres [bM 01/10] Cellulose ester| Cellulose esters occur by the esterification of cellulose with organic acids. The most important cellulose esters from a technical point of view are cellulose acetate

Basics (CA with acetic acid), cellulose propionate (CP with propionic acid) and cellulose butyrate (CB with butanoic acid). Mixed polymerisates, such as cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) can also be formed. One of the most well-known applications of cellulose aceto butyrate (CAB) is the moulded handle on the Swiss army knife [11]

(from e.g. sugar cane, a development to make terephthalic acid from renewable resources are under way). Other examples are polyamides (partly biobased e.g. PA 4.10 or PA 10.10 or fully biobased like PA 5.10 or 10.10)

Cellulose acetate CA| → Cellulose ester

EN 13432 | European standard for the assessment of the → compostability of plastic packaging products

CEN | Comité Européen de Normalisation (European organisation for standardization) Compost | A soil conditioning material of decomposing organic matter which provides nutrients and enhances soil structure. [bM 06/08, 02/09]

Compostable Plastics | Plastics that are → biodegradable under ‘composting’ conditions: specified humidity, temperature, → microorganisms and timefame. In order to make accurate and specific claims about compostability, the location (home, → industrial) and timeframe need to be specified [1]. Several national and international standards exist for clearer definitions, for example EN 14995 Plastics - Evaluation of compostability Test scheme and specifications. [bM 02/06, bM 01/07] Composting | A solid waste management technique that uses natural process to convert organic materials to CO2, water and humus through the action of → microorganisms. When talking about composting of bioplastics, usually → industrial composting in a managed composting plant is meant [bM 03/07] Compound | plastic mixture from different raw materials (polymer and additives) [bM 04/10) Copolymer | Plastic composed of different monomers. Cradle-to-Gate | Describes the system boundaries of an environmental →Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) which covers all activities from the ‘cradle’ (i.e., the extraction of raw materials, agricultural activities and forestry) up to the factory gate Cradle-to-Cradle | (sometimes abbreviated as C2C): Is an expression which communicates the concept of a closed-cycle economy, in which waste is used as raw material (‘waste equals food’). Cradle-to-Cradle is not a term that is typically used in →LCA studies. Cradle-to-Grave | Describes the system boundaries of a full →Life Cycle Assessment from manufacture (‘cradle’) to use phase and disposal phase (‘grave’). Crystalline | Plastic with regularly arranged molecules in a lattice structure Density | Quotient from mass and volume of a material, also referred to as specific weight DIN | Deutsches Institut für Normung (German organisation for standardization) DIN-CERTCO | independant certifying organisation for the assessment on the conformity of bioplastics Dispersing | fine distribution of non-miscible liquids into a homogeneous, stable mixture Drop-In Bioplastics | chemically indentical to conventional petroleum based plastics, but made from renewable resources. Examples are bio-PE made from bio-ethanol (from e.g. sugar cane) or partly biobased PET (the monoethylene glykol made from bio-ethanol

Elastomers | rigid, but under force flexible and elastically formable plastics with rubbery properties

Energy recovery | recovery and exploitation of the energy potential in (plastic) waste for the production of electricity or heat in waste incineration pants (waste-to-energy) Enzymes | proteins that catalyze chemical reactions Ethylen | colour- and odourless gas, made e.g. from, Naphtha (petroleum) by cracking, monomer of the polymer polyethylene (PE) European Bioplastics e.V. | The industry association representing the interests of Europe’s thriving bioplastics’ industry. Founded in Germany in 1993 as IBAW, European Bioplastics today represents the interests of over 70 member companies throughout the European Union. With members from the agricultural feedstock, chemical and plastics industries, as well as industrial users and recycling companies, European Bioplastics serves as both a contact platform and catalyst for advancing the aims of the growing bioplastics industry. Extrusion | process used to create plastic profiles (or sheet) of a fixed cross-section consisting of mixing, melting, homogenising and shaping of the plastic. Fermentation | Biochemical reactions controlled by → microorganisms or → enyzmes (e.g. the transformation of sugar into lactic acid). FSC | Forest Stewardship Council. FSC is an independent, non-governmental, not-forprofit organization established to promote the responsible and sustainable management of the world’s forests. Gelatine | Translucent brittle solid substance, colorless or slightly yellow, nearly tasteless and odorless, extracted from the collagen inside animals‘ connective tissue. Genetically modified organism (GMO) | Organisms, such as plants and animals, whose genetic material (DNA) has been altered are called genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Food and feed which contain or consist of such GMOs, or are produced from GMOs, are called genetically modified (GM) food or feed [1] Global Warming | Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth’s atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation [8]. Global warming is said to be accelerated by → green house gases. Glucose | Monosaccharide (or simple sugar). G. is the most important carbohydrate (sugar) in biology. G. is formed by photosynthesis or hydrolyse of many carbohydrates e. g. starch. Greenhouse gas GHG | Gaseous constituent of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorbs and emits radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of

infrared radiation emitted by the earth’s surface, the atmosphere, and clouds [1, 9] Greenwashing | The act of misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company, or the environmental benefits of a product or service [1, 10] Granulate, granules | small plastic particles (3-4 millimetres), a form in which plastic is sold and fed into machines, easy to handle and dose. Humus | In agriculture, ‘humus’ is often used simply to mean mature → compost, or natural compost extracted from a forest or other spontaneous source for use to amend soil. Hydrophilic | Property: ‘water-friendly’, soluble in water or other polar solvents (e.g. used in conjunction with a plastic which is not water resistant and weather proof or that absorbs water such as Polyamide (PA). Hydrophobic | Property: ‘water-resistant’, not soluble in water (e.g. a plastic which is water resistant and weather proof, or that does not absorb any water such as Polyethylene (PE) or Polypropylene (PP). IBAW | → European Bioplastics Industrial composting | Industrial composting is an established process with commonly agreed upon requirements (e.g. temperature, timeframe) for transforming biodegradable waste into stable, sanitised products to be used in agriculture. The criteria for industrial compostability of packaging have been defined in the EN 13432. Materials and products complying with this standard can be certified and subsequently labelled accordingly [1, 7] [bM 06/08, bM 02/09]

Integral Foam | foam with a compact skin and porous core and a transition zone in between. ISO | International Organization for Standardization JBPA | Japan Bioplastics Association LCA | Life Cycle Assessment (sometimes also referred to as life cycle analysis, ecobalance, and → cradle-to-grave analysis) is the investigation and valuation of the environmental impacts of a given product or service caused. [bM 01/09]

Microorganism | Living organisms of microscopic size, such as bacteria, funghi or yeast. Molecule | group of at least two atoms held together by covalent chemical bonds. Monomer | molecules that are linked by polymerization to form chains of molecules and then plastics Mulch film | Foil to cover bottom of farmland PBAT | Polybutylene adipate terephthalate, is an aliphatic-aromatic copolyester that has the properties of conventional polyethylene but is fully biodegradable under industrial composting. PBAT is made from fossil petroleum with first attempts being made to produce it partly from renewable resources [bM 06/09] PBS | Polybutylene succinate, a 100% biodegradable polymer, made from (e.g. bio-BDO) and succinic acid, which can also be produced biobased [bM 03/12]. PC | Polycarbonate, thermoplastic polyester, petroleum based, used for e.g. baby bottles or CDs. Criticized for its BPA (→ Bisphenol-A) content.

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Basics PCL | Polycaprolactone, a synthetic (fossil based), biodegradable bioplastic, e.g. used as a blend component.

PPC | Polypropylene Carbonate, a bioplastic made by copolymerizing CO2 with propylene oxide (PO) [bM 04/12]

PE | Polyethylene, thermoplastic polymerised from ethylene. Can be made from renewable resources (sugar cane via bio-ethanol)

Renewable Resources | agricultural raw materials, which are not used as food or feed, but as raw material for industrial products or to generate energy

[bM 05/10]

PET | Polyethylenterephthalate, transparent polyester used for bottles and film PGA | Polyglycolic acid or Polyglycolide is a biodegradable, thermoplastic polymer and the simplest linear, aliphatic polyester. Besides ist use in the biomedical field, PGA has been introduced as a barrier resin [bM 03/09] PHA | Polyhydroxyalkanoates are linear polyesters produced in nature by bacterial fermentation of sugar or lipids. The most common type of PHA is → PHB. PHB | Polyhydroxybutyrate (better poly-3-hydroxybutyrate), is a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a polymer belonging to the polyesters class. PHB is produced by micro-organisms apparently in response to conditions of physiological stress. The polymer is primarily a product of carbon assimilation (from glucose or starch) and is employed by micro-organisms as a form of energy storage molecule to be metabolized when other common energy sources are not available. PHB has properties similar to those of PP, however it is stiffer and more brittle. PHBH | Polyhydroxy butyrate hexanoate (better poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) is a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), Like other biopolymers from the family of the polyhydroxyalkanoates PHBH is produced by microorganisms in the fermentation process, where it is accumulated in the microorganism’s body for nutrition. The main features of PHBH are its excellent biodegradability, combined with a high degree of hydrolysis and heat stability. [bM 03/09, 01/10, 03/11] PLA | Polylactide or Polylactic Acid (PLA), a biodegradable, thermoplastic, linear aliphatic polyester based on lactic acid, a natural acid, is mainly produced by fermentation of sugar or starch with the help of micro-organisms. Lactic acid comes in two isomer forms, i.e. as laevorotatory D(-)lactic acid and as dextrorotary L(+)lactic acid. In each case two lactic acid molecules form a circular lactide molecule which, depending on its composition, can be a D-D-lactide, an L-L-lactide or a meso-lactide (having one D and one L molecule). The chemist makes use of this variability. During polymerisation the chemist combines the lactides such that the PLA plastic obtained has the characteristics that he desires. The purity of the infeed material is an important factor in successful polymerisation and thus for the economic success of the process, because so far the cleaning of the lactic acid produced by the fermentation has been relatively costly [12]. Modified PLA types can be produced by the use of the right additives or by a combinations of L- and D- lactides (stereocomplexing), which then have the required rigidity for use at higher temperatures [13] [bM 01/09] Plastics | Materials with large molecular chains of natural or fossil raw materials, produced by chemical or biochemical reactions.

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Saccharins or carbohydrates | Saccharins or carbohydrates are name for the sugar-family. Saccharins are monomer or polymer sugar units. For example, there are known mono-, di- and polysaccharose. → glucose is a monosaccarin. They are important for the diet and produced biology in plants. Semi-finished products | plastic in form of sheet, film, rods or the like to be further processed into finshed products Sorbitol | Sugar alcohol, obtained by reduction of glucose changing the aldehyde group to an additional hydroxyl group. S. is used as a plasticiser for bioplastics based on starch. Starch | Natural polymer (carbohydrate) consisting of → amylose and → amylopectin, gained from maize, potatoes, wheat, tapioca etc. When glucose is connected to polymerchains in definite way the result (product) is called starch. Each molecule is based on 300 -12000-glucose units. Depending on the connection, there are two types → amylose and → amylopectin known. [bM 05/09] Starch derivate | Starch derivates are based on the chemical structure of → starch. The chemical structure can be changed by introducing new functional groups without changing the → starch polymer. The product has different chemical qualities. Mostly the hydrophilic character is not the same. Starch-ester | One characteristic of every starch-chain is a free hydroxyl group. When every hydroxyl group is connect with ethan acid one product is starch-ester with different chemical properties. Starch propionate and starch butyrate | Starch propionate and starch butyrate can be synthesised by treating the → starch with propane or butanic acid. The product structure is still based on → starch. Every based → glucose fragment is connected with a propionate or butyrate ester group. The product is more hydrophobic than → starch.

and social equity. In other words, businesses have to expand their responsibility to include these environmental and social dimensions. Sustainability is about making products useful to markets and, at the same time, having societal benefits and lower environmental impact than the alternatives currently available. It also implies a commitment to continuous improvement that should result in a further reduction of the environmental footprint of today’s products, processes and raw materials used. Thermoplastics | Plastics which soften or melt when heated and solidify when cooled (solid at room temperature). Thermoplastic Starch | (TPS) → starch that was modified (cooked, complexed) to make it a plastic resin Thermoset | Plastics (resins) which do not soften or melt when heated. Examples are epoxy resins or unsaturated polyester resins. Vinçotte | independant certifying organisation for the assessment on the conformity of bioplastics WPC | Wood Plastic Composite. Composite materials made of wood fiber/flour and plastics (mostly polypropylene). Yard Waste | Grass clippings, leaves, trimmings, garden residue.

References: [1] Environmental Communication Guide, European Bioplastics, Berlin, Germany, 2012 [2] ISO 14067. Carbon footprint of products Requirements and guidelines for quantification and communication [3] CEN TR 15932, Plastics - Recommendation for terminology and characterisation of biopolymers and bioplastics, 2010 [4] CEN/TS 16137, Plastics - Determination of bio-based carbon content, 2011 [5] ASTM D6866, Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis [6] SPI: Understanding Biobased Carbon Content, 2012

Sustainable | An attempt to provide the best outcomes for the human and natural environments both now and into the indefinite future. One of the most often cited definitions of sustainability is the one created by the Brundtland Commission, led by the former Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland. The Brundtland Commission defined sustainable development as development that ‘meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.’ Sustainability relates to the continuity of economic, social, institutional and environmental aspects of human society, as well as the non-human environment).

[7] EN 13432, Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation. Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging, 2000

Sustainability | (as defined by European Bioplastics e.V.) has three dimensions: economic, social and environmental. This has been known as “the triple bottom line of sustainability”. This means that sustainable development involves the simultaneous pursuit of economic prosperity, environmental protection

[13] de Vos, S.: Improving heat-resistance of PLA using poly(D-lactide), bioplastics MAGAZINE, Vol. 3, Issue 02/2008

[8] Wikipedia [9] ISO 14064 Greenhouse gases -- Part 1: Specification with guidance..., 2006 [10] Terrachoice, 2010, www.terrachoice.com [11] Thielen, M.: Bioplastics: Basics. Applications. Markets, Polymedia Publisher, 2012 [12] Lörcks, J.: Biokunststoffe, Broschüre der FNR, 2005

[14] de Wilde, B.: Anaerobic Digestion, bioplastics MAGAZINE, Vol 4., Issue 06/2009

Events

Event Calendar

Subscribe now at

Renewable Plastics Conference

bioplasticsmagazine.com

www.renewable-plastics.com

the next six issues for €149.–1)

16.04.2013 - 17.04.2013 - Amsterdam, The Netherlands Mövenpick Hotel Amsterdam

1. Fachsymposium zur Verarbeitung von Biokunststoffen 17.04.2013 - 18.04.2013 - Würzburg, Germany www.skz.de/2505

Special offer for students and young professionals1,2) € 99.-

Bioplastics Compounding and Processing 2013 07.05.2013 - 08.05.2013 - Miami, Florida, USA Hilton Miami Downtown

www.amiplastics-na.com/events/Event.aspx?code=C513&sec=3100

Chinaplas 2013

2) aged 35 and below. Send a scan of your student card, your ID or similar proof ...

20.05.2013 - 23.05.2013 - Guangzhou, China China Import and Export Fair Complex www.chinaplasonline.com

2nd Biobased World Asia

27.05.2013 - 29.05.2013 - Bangkok, Thailand www.cmtevents.com/main.aspx?ev=13052225&pu=220749

Biopolymers Symposium 2013

11.06.2013 - 12.06.2013 - Chicago, IL, USA www.biopolymersummit.com/biopolymers-agenda.aspx

BioPlastek 2013 Forum

26.06.2013 - 28.06.2013 - San Francisco (CA), USA San Francisco Hilton (Financial District) www.bioplastek.com

The 5th International Conference on Sustainable Materials, Polymers and Composites 03.07.2013 - 04.07.2013 - Birmingham, (UK) Großbritannien www.ecocomp-conference.com

4th International Conference on BIOFOAMS 2013 27.08.2013 - 01.01.1970 - Toronto- Canada biofoams2013.mie.utoronto.ca

2nd Conference on CO2 as Feedstock

07.10.2013 - 09.10.2013 - Essen, Germany Haus der Technik www.co2-chemistry.eu

Bioplastics Business Breakfast (during K‘2013) 17.10.2013 - 19.10.2013 - Düsseldorf, Germany Düsseldorf Fairgrounds www.bioplastics-breakfast.com

Fifth German WPC-Conference

10.12.2013 - 11.12.2013 - Cologne, Germany Maritim Hotel Cologne www.wpc-kongress.de/registration?lng=en

8th European Bioplastics Conference

10.12.2013 - 11.12.2013 – Berlin, Germany InterContinental Hotel www.conference.european-bioplastics.org

Innovation Takes Root

17.02.2014 - 19.02.2014 - Orlando FL, USA Orlando World Center Marriott www.innovationtakesroot.com

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

You can meet us! Please contact us in advance by e-mail.

Mention the promotion code ‘watch‘ or ‘book‘ and you will get our watch or the book3) Bioplastics Basics. Applications. Markets. for free 1) Offer valid until 31 Dec. 2013 3) Gratis-Buch in Deutschland nicht möglich, no free book in Germany

2013 An Interactive Forum on Bioplastics Today and Tomorrow

JUNE 26-28, 2013 ❚ SAN FRANCISCO HILTON ❚ SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, USA

Bioplastek_1-2Page_Ad2013.indd 1

3/19/13 4:33:52 PM

organized by

supported by

17. - 19.10.2013

Bioplastics in Packaging

Messe Düsseldorf, Germany

Bioplastics Business Breakfast

Call for Papers now open www.bioplastics-breakfast.com Contact: Dr. Michael Thielen (info@bioplastics-magazine.com)

PLA, an Innovative Bioplastic Bioplastics in Durable applications Subject to changes At the World’s biggest trade show on plastics and rubber: K’2013 in Düsseldorf bioplastics will certainly play an important role again. On three days during the show from Oct 17 - 19, 2013 (!) biopolastics MAGAZINE will host a Bioplastics Business Breakfast: From 8 am to 12 noon the delegates get the chance to listen and discuss highclass presentations and benefit from a unique networking opportunity. The trade fair opens at 10 am.

Suppliers Guide 1. Raw Materials 10

Showa Denko Europe GmbH Konrad-Zuse-Platz 4 81829 Munich, Germany Tel.: +49 89 93996226 www.showa-denko.com support@sde.de

www.cereplast.com US: Tel: +1 310.615.1900 Fax +1 310.615.9800 Sales@cereplast.com Europe: Tel: +33 680 28 69 99 fdevivie@cereplast.com

Natur-Tec® - Northern Technologies 4201 Woodland Road Circle Pines, MN 55014 USA Tel. +1 763.225.6600 Fax +1 763.225.6645 info@natur-tec.com www.natur-tec.com

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DuPont de Nemours International S.A. 2 chemin du Pavillon 1218 - Le Grand Saconnex Switzerland Tel.: +41 22 171 51 11 Fax: +41 22 580 22 45 plastics@dupont.com www.renewable.dupont.com www.plastics.dupont.com

Kingfa Sci. & Tech. Co., Ltd. No.33 Kefeng Rd, Sc. City, Guangzhou Hi-Tech Ind. Development Zone, Guangdong, P.R. China. 510663 Tel: +86 (0)20 6622 1696 info@ecopond.com.cn www.ecopond.com.cn FLEX-162 Biodeg. Blown Film Resin! Bio-873 4-Star Inj. Bio-Based Resin!

PolyOne Avenue Melville Wilson, 2 Zoning de la Fagne 5330 Assesse Belgium Tel.: + 32 83 660 211 www.polyone.com

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Jincheng, Lin‘an, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China China contact: Grace Jin mobile: 0086 135 7578 9843 Grace@xinfupharm.com Europe contact(Belgium): Susan Zhang mobile: 0032 478 991619 zxh0612@hotmail.com www.xinfupharm.com 1.1 bio based monomers

PURAC division Arkelsedijk 46, P.O. Box 21 4200 AA Gorinchem The Netherlands Tel.: +31 (0)183 695 695 Fax: +31 (0)183 695 604 www.purac.com PLA@purac.com

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bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

API S.p.A. Via Dante Alighieri, 27 36065 Mussolente (VI), Italy Telephone +39 0424 579711 www.apiplastic.com www.apinatbio.com

FKuR Kunststoff GmbH Siemensring 79 D - 47 877 Willich Tel. +49 2154 9251-0 Tel.: +49 2154 9251-51 sales@fkur.com www.fkur.com

GRAFE-Group Waldecker Straße 21, 99444 Blankenhain, Germany Tel. +49 36459 45 0 www.grafe.com

Guangdong Shangjiu Biodegradable Plastics Co., Ltd. Shangjiu Environmental Protection Eco-Tech Industrial Park,Niushan, Dongcheng District, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, 523128 China Tel.: 0086-769-22114999 Fax: 0086-769-22103988 www.999sw.com www.999sw.net 999sw@163.com

WinGram Industry CO., LTD Great River(Qin Xin) Plastic Manufacturer CO., LTD Mobile (China): +86-13113833156 Mobile (Hong Kong): +852-63078857 Fax: +852-3184 8934 Email: Benson@wingram.hk 1.3 PLA

Shenzhen Esun Ind. Co;Ltd www.brightcn.net www.esun.en.alibaba.com bright@brightcn.net Tel: +86-755-2603 1978 1.4 starch-based bioplastics

Limagrain Céréales Ingrédients ZAC „Les Portes de Riom“ - BP 173 63204 Riom Cedex - France Tel. +33 (0)4 73 67 17 00 Fax +33 (0)4 73 67 17 10 www.biolice.com

BIOTEC Biologische Naturverpackungen Werner-Heisenberg-Strasse 32 46446 Emmerich/Germany Tel.: +49 - 2822 - 925110 info@biotec.de www.biotec.de

Suppliers Guide 1.6 masterbatches

3. Semi finished products

4. Bioplastics products

3.1 films

ROQUETTE Frères 62 136 LESTREM, FRANCE 00 33 (0) 3 21 63 36 00 www.gaialene.com www.roquette.com

Grabio Greentech Corporation Tel: +886-3-598-6496 No. 91, Guangfu N. Rd., Hsinchu Industrial Park,Hukou Township, Hsinchu County 30351, Taiwan sales@grabio.com.tw www.grabio.com.tw

GRAFE-Group Waldecker Straße 21, 99444 Blankenhain, Germany Tel. +49 36459 45 0 www.grafe.com

PolyOne Avenue Melville Wilson, 2 Zoning de la Fagne 5330 Assesse Belgium Tel.: + 32 83 660 211 www.polyone.com

Huhtamaki Films Sonja Haug Zweibrückenstraße 15-25 91301 Forchheim Tel. +49-9191 81203 Fax +49-9191 811203 www.huhtamaki-films.com

www.earthfirstpla.com www.sidaplax.com www.plasticsuppliers.com Sidaplax UK : +44 (1) 604 76 66 99 Sidaplax Belgium: +32 9 210 80 10 Plastic Suppliers: +1 866 378 4178

Cortec® Corporation 4119 White Bear Parkway St. Paul, MN 55110 Tel. +1 800.426.7832 Fax 651-429-1122 info@cortecvci.com www.cortecvci.com

Eco Cortec® 31 300 Beli Manastir Bele Bartoka 29 Croatia, MB: 1891782 Tel. +385 31 705 011 Fax +385 31 705 012 info@ecocortec.hr www.ecocortec.hr

2. Additives/Secondary raw materials

PSM Bioplastic NA Chicago, USA www.psmna.com +1-630-393-0012 1.5 PHA

Arkema Inc. Functional Additives-Biostrength 900 First Avenue King of Prussia, PA/USA 19406 Contact: Connie Lo, Commercial Development Mgr. Tel: 610.878.6931 connie.lo@arkema.com www.impactmodifiers.com

Division of A&O FilmPAC Ltd 7 Osier Way, Warrington Road GB-Olney/Bucks. MK46 5FP Tel.: +44 1234 714 477 Fax: +44 1234 713 221 sales@aandofilmpac.com www.bioresins.eu

3.1.1 cellulose based films

GRAFE-Group Waldecker Straße 21, 99444 Blankenhain, Germany Tel. +49 36459 45 0 www.grafe.com Metabolix 650 Suffolk Street, Suite 100 Lowell, MA 01854 USA Tel. +1-97 85 13 18 00 Fax +1-97 85 13 18 86 www.mirelplastics.com

TianAn Biopolymer No. 68 Dagang 6th Rd, Beilun, Ningbo, China, 315800 Tel. +86-57 48 68 62 50 2 Fax +86-57 48 68 77 98 0 enquiry@tianan-enmat.com www.tianan-enmat.com

Taghleef Industries SpA, Italy Via E. Fermi, 46 33058 San Giorgio di Nogaro (UD) Contact Frank Ernst Tel. +49 2402 7096989 Mobile +49 160 4756573 frank.ernst@ti-films.com www.ti-films.com

The HallStar Company 120 S. Riverside Plaza, Ste. 1620 Chicago, IL 60606, USA +1 312 385 4494 dmarshall@hallstar.com www.hallstar.com/hallgreen

INNOVIA FILMS LTD Wigton Cumbria CA7 9BG England Contact: Andy Sweetman Tel. +44 16973 41549 Fax +44 16973 41452 andy.sweetman@innoviafilms.com www.innoviafilms.com

Minima Technology Co., Ltd. Esmy Huang, Marketing Manager No.33. Yichang E. Rd., Taipin City, Taichung County 411, Taiwan (R.O.C.) Tel. +886(4)2277 6888 Fax +883(4)2277 6989 Mobil +886(0)982-829988 esmy@minima-tech.com Skype esmy325 www.minima-tech.com

NOVAMONT S.p.A. Via Fauser , 8 28100 Novara - ITALIA Fax +39.0321.699.601 Tel. +39.0321.699.611 www.novamont.com

President Packaging Ind., Corp. PLA Paper Hot Cup manufacture In Taiwan, www.ppi.com.tw Tel.: +886-6-570-4066 ext.5531 Fax: +886-6-570-4077 sales@ppi.com.tw

Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH Duesseldorfer Strasse 23-27 68219 Mannheim, Germany Phone: +49 (0)621-8907-233 Fax: +49 (0)621-8907-8233 bioadimide.eu@rheinchemie.com www.bioadimide.com

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

Suppliers Guide 7. Plant engineering 10

WEI MON INDUSTRY CO., LTD. 2F, No.57, Singjhong Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel. + 886 - 2 - 27953131 Fax + 886 - 2 - 27919966 sales@weimon.com.tw www.plandpaper.com

EREMA Engineering Recycling Maschinen und Anlagen GmbH Unterfeldstrasse 3 4052 Ansfelden, AUSTRIA Phone: +43 (0) 732 / 3190-0 Fax: +43 (0) 732 / 3190-23 erema@erema.at www.erema.at

6. Equipment

Simply contact:

Tel.: +49 2161 6884467

6.1 Machinery & Molds

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Molds, Change Parts and Turnkey Solutions for the PET/Bioplastic For only 6,– EUR per mm, per issue you Container Industry 284 Pinebush Road can be present among top suppliers in Cambridge Ontario the field of bioplastics. Canada N1T 1Z6 Tel. +1 519 624 9720 For Example: Fax +1 519 624 9721 info@hallink.com www.hallink.com

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Polymedia Publisher GmbH Dammer Str. 112 41066 Mönchengladbach Germany Tel. +49 2161 664864 Fax +49 2161 631045 info@bioplasticsmagazine.com www.bioplasticsmagazine.com

140

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Uhde Inventa-Fischer GmbH Holzhauser Strasse 157–159 D-13509 Berlin Tel. +49 30 43 567 5 Fax +49 30 43 567 699 sales.de@uhde-inventa-fischer.com Uhde Inventa-Fischer AG Via Innovativa 31 CH-7013 Domat/Ems Tel. +41 81 632 63 11 Fax +41 81 632 74 03 sales.ch@uhde-inventa-fischer.com www.uhde-inventa-fischer.com 8. Ancillary equipment

Roll-o-Matic A/S Petersmindevej 23 5000 Odense C, Denmark Tel. + 45 66 11 16 18 Fax + 45 66 14 32 78 rom@roll-o-matic.com www.roll-o-matic.com

39mm x 6,00 € = 234,00 € per entry/per issue

Sample Charge for one year:

9. Services

Osterfelder Str. 3 46047 Oberhausen Tel.: +49 (0)208 8598 1227 Fax: +49 (0)208 8598 1424 thomas.wodke@umsicht.fhg.de www.umsicht.fraunhofer.de

6 issues x 234,00 EUR = 1,404.00 € 170

180

The entry in our Suppliers Guide is bookable for one year (6 issues) and ProTec Polymer Processing GmbH extends automatically if it’s not canceled Stubenwald-Allee 9 three month before expiry. 64625 Bensheim, Deutschland

Tel. +49 6251 77061 0 Fax +49 6251 77061 500 info@sp-protec.com www.sp-protec.com

190

Institut für Kunststofftechnik Universität Stuttgart Böblinger Straße 70 70199 Stuttgart Tel +49 711/685-62814 Linda.Goebel@ikt.uni-stuttgart.de www.ikt.uni-stuttgart.de

6.2 Laboratory Equipment

200

210

MODA : Biodegradability Analyzer Saida FDS Incorporated 3-6-6 Sakae-cho, Yaizu, Shizuoka, Japan Tel : +81-90-6803-4041 info@saidagroup.jp www.saidagroup.jp

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www.youtube.com

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

narocon Dr. Harald Kaeb Tel.: +49 30-28096930 kaeb@narocon.de www.narocon.de

nova-Institut GmbH Chemiepark Knapsack Industriestrasse 300 50354 Huerth, Germany Tel.: +49(0)2233-48-14 40 E-Mail: contact@nova-institut.de

Bioplastics Consulting Tel. +49 2161 664864 info@polymediaconsult.com

UL International TTC GmbH Rheinuferstrasse 7-9, Geb. R33 47829 Krefeld-Uerdingen, Germany Tel: +49 (0)2151 88 3324 Fax: +49 (0)2151 88 5210 ttc@ul.com www.ulttc.com 10. Institutions 10.1 Associations

BPI - The Biodegradable Products Institute 331 West 57th Street, Suite 415 New York, NY 10019, USA Tel. +1-888-274-5646 info@bpiworld.org

European Bioplastics e.V. Marienstr. 19/20 10117 Berlin, Germany Tel. +49 30 284 82 350 Fax +49 30 284 84 359 info@european-bioplastics.org www.european-bioplastics.org

10.2 Universities

IfBB – Institute for Bioplastics and Biocomposites University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hanover Faculty II – Mechanical and Bioprocess Engineering Heisterbergallee 12 30453 Hannover, Germany Tel.: +49 5 11 / 92 96 - 22 69 Fax: +49 5 11 / 92 96 - 99 - 22 69 lisa.mundzeck@fh-hannover.de http://www.ifbb-hannover.de/

Michigan State University Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science Professor Ramani Narayan East Lansing MI 48824, USA Tel. +1 517 719 7163 narayan@msu.edu

2013

P R E S E N T S

THE EIGHTH ANNUAL GLOBAL AWARD FOR DEVELOPERS, MANUFACTURERS AND USERS OF BIO-BASED PLASTICS.

Call for proposals

til Please let us know un

August 31st:

and does rvice or development is se t, uc od pr e th at Wh 1. n an award development should wi or ce rvi se t, uc od pr is 2. Why you think th ganisation does oposed) company or or pr e th (or ur yo at Wh 3. ay also be (approx 1 page) and m technis rd wo 0 50 ed ce ex t g brochures and/or Your entry should no hs, samples, marketin ap gr oto be prepared ph th wi ted or supp The 5 nominees must ). ck ba nt se be ot nn cal documentation (ca videoclip to provide a 30 second ded from

try form can be downloa More details and an en ine.de/award www.bioplasticsmagaz

The Bioplastics Award will be presented during the 8th European Bioplastics Conference 10-11 December 2013, Berlin, Germany

supported by

Sponsors welcome, please contact mt@bioplasticsmagazine.com

Enter your own product, service or development, or nominate your favourite example from another organisation

Companies in this issue Company

Editorial Advert

4e solutions

A&O FilmPAC 16

Adsale

AIMPLAS

Albermarle

Altuglas

Arkema

President Packaging

ProTec Polymer Processing

Hallstar

PSM

Hisun

Puma

Huazhilu (Puning) Biomaterial

Purac

Hubei Guanghe Bio-Technology

Remondis

Huhtamaki

IBFL

Roll-o-Matic

IHS Consulting

Roquette

Innoplast Solutions

Innovia Films

Biome Bioplastics

Institut for bioplastics & biocomposites (IfBB)

Biotec

Institut für Kunststofftechnik

BPI

ITENE Jiangsu Jinhe

Juan Luna Kingfa

Les Sohettes

Carrefour España

Limagrain Céréales Ingrédients

27, 28

Cereplast

5, 32, 36

Clarifoil

51 52 28, 37

Saida

Schneider Electric

Shandong Fuwin

Shanghai Disoxidation Shenzhen Ecomann

Shenzhen Esun Industrial 50

28 27, 28 28

Sidaplax 50

Skymark Packaging

51 16

Materis Paints

Smither Rapra

Mercedes Benz

Solegear

Suzhou Hanfeng

SZPRA

Metabolix

MGP

Crain / European Plastics News

Michigan State University

Taghleef Industries

Minima Technology

Tecnalia

Tecnaro

The Berette Factory

The Tea Spot

DSM

34, 38

DuPont

51 36

Myriant

28, 30

Nafigate

ebm-papst

narocon

Eco-Products

NatureInk

Elastopoli

NatureWorks

EREMA

European Bioplastics

Fabri-Kal

52 37 18, 26, 28, 43

Tianjin Greenbio

TÜV Rheinland

Ningxia Qinglin Shenghua

Uhde Inventa-Fischer

NNFCC

UL Thermoplastics

Fermax

Nokia

VTT Tech. Research Ctr.

FKuR

Fraunhofer UMSICHT

2, 50

nova-Institut

12, 22

Novamont

28, 30

27, 28

Novomer

Wuhan Huali

Papelera de Branda

Yat Shun Hong

Gevo

Peugeot Citroën

Grabio Greentech

Guangdong Shangjiu

Editorial Planner

Zhejiang Hangzhou Xinfu

Plastic Suppliers

50, 51

Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials

plasticker

Xinfu Pharm

polymediaconsult

PolyOne

4, 8, 20

52 16

WinGram

28 28, 30

50, 51

2013

Subject to changes

Month

Publ.-Date

edit/ad/ Deadline

Editorial Focus (1)

Editorial Focus (2)

Basics

Fair Specials

03/2013

May/Jun

03.06.13

03.05.13

Injection moulding

PLA Recycling

succinic acid

Chinaplas Review

04/2013

Jul/Aug

05.08.13

05.07.13

Bottles / Blow Moulding

Bioplastics in Building & Construction

Land use for bioplastics (update)

05/2013

Sept/Oct

01.10.13

01.09.13

Fiber / Textile / Nonwoven

Designer‘s Requirements for Bioplastics

biobased (12C / 14C vs. Biomass)

K'2013 Preview

06/2013

Nov/Dec

02.12.13

02.11.13

Films / Flexibles / Bags

Consumer Electronics

Eutrophication (t.b.c)

K'2013 Review

bioplastics MAGAZINE [02/13] Vol. 8

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Issue

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19, 52

Wei Mon

Green Dot Holdings

28 28, 30

Fukutomi

Grafe

51 28

51, 56

Fukan

TianAn Biopolymer

Natur-Tec

11, 52

Showa Denko

Cortec Dominique Duval

Rhein Chemie

RPC Superfos

26, 28

Cargill Cathay Industrial Biotech

16, 28

35 28, 35

26, 28

Cardia Bioplastics

Editorial Advert

Binhai Jinxiang

Bugworkers

Company

Hallink

Bamtac

Breville

26, 28

API

Editorial Advert

Guangzhou Bioplus 51

Adcellpack

Company

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Bioplastics - Basics. Applications. Markets.

General conditions, market situation, production, structure and properties New ‘basics‘ book on bioplastics: The book is intended to offer a rapid and uncomplicated introduction into the subject of bioplastics, and is aimed at all interested readers, in particular those who have not yet had the opportunity to dig deeply into the subject, such as students, those just joining this industry, and lay readers. r 5o * 0 8.6 € 1 $ 25.0 US

Author: Jan Th. J. Ravenstijn

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Engineering Applications

The state of the art on Bioplastics

Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications

‘The state-of-the-art on Bioplastics 2010‘ describes the revolutionary growth of bio-based monomers, polymers, and plastics and changes in performance and variety for the entire global plastics m arket in the first decades of this century... 0* 0.0 ,50 rice € 1 uced p

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69.

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Hans-Josef Endres, Andrea Siebert-Raths

Engineering Biopolymers

Markets, Manufacturing, Properties and Applications Hans-Josef Endres, Andrea Siebert-Raths

Technische Biopolymere

Rahmenbedingungen, Marktsituation, Herstellung, Aufbau und Eigenschaften

44*

79,

€2

44*

The intention of this new book (2011), written by 40 scientists from industry and academia, is to explore the extensive applications made with bioplastics & biocomposites. The Handbook focuses on five main categories of applications packaging; civil engineering; biomedical; automotive; general engineering. It is structured in six parts and a total of 19 chapters. A comprehensive index allows the quick location of information the reader is looking for.

This book is unique in its focus on market-relevant bio/renewable materials. It is based on comprehensive research projects, during which these materials were systematically analyzed and characterized. For the first time the interested reader will find comparable data not only for biogenic polymers and biological macromolecules such as proteins, but also for engineering materials. The reader will also find valuable information regarding micro-structure, manufacturing, and processing-, application-, and recycling properties of biopolymers

79,

€2

Rainer Höfer (Editor)

Sustainable Solutions for Modern Economies Apocalypse now? Was the financial crisis which erupted in 2008 the ‘writing on the wall’, the Menetekel for the Industrial Age? Is mankind approaching the impasse of Easter Island, Anasazi and Maya societies shortly before collapse – ‘‘which followed swiftly upon the society’s reaching its peak of population, monument construction and environmental impact’’? Or will mankind be capable of a new global common sense?

9.0

€9

A real sign of sustainable development.

There is such a thing as genuinely sustainable development.

Since 1989, Novamont researchers have been working on an ambitious project that combines the chemical industry, agriculture and the environment: “Living Chemistry for Quality of Life”. Its objective has been to create products with a low environmental impact. The result of Novamont’s innovative research is the new bioplastic Mater-Bi®. Mater-Bi® is a family of materials, completely biodegradable and compostable which contain renewable raw materials such as starch and vegetable oil derivates. Mater-Bi® performs like traditional plastics but it saves energy, contributes to reducing the greenhouse effect and at the end of its life cycle, it closes the loop by changing into fertile humus. Everyone’s dream has become a reality.

Living Chemistry for Quality of Life. www.novamont.com

Inventor of the year 2007

Within Mater-Bi® product range the following certifications are available

The “OK Compost” certificate guarantees conformity with the NF EN 13432 standard (biodegradable and compostable packaging) 3_2012