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activeCITY A plan for nurturing value creation, the good life and attractiveness in Bispevika
09.2016
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Project Coordinator: A-lab AS Drammensveien 130 0277 Oslo
Foreword
Few resolutions by Oslo’s city council have had greater consequences than the socalled “Fjord City Resolution” of January 2000, whereby the harbour front areas were freed up for urban development. This would transform the fjord-facing Oslo. Its citizens were to be given access to areas that were once dominated by ships, cranes, cargo containers and automotive thoroughfares. Tjuvholmen starred in the opening act of this transformation. However, the focus of the next act was the largest and most central part of the “Fjord City”: Bjørvika. Perched on the boundary between Oslo’s East Side and West Side, and best known for its spaghetti junction, Bjørvika was to be transformed into a district that would provided housing and workplaces for tens of thousands of people, lively public squares and top-notch cultural attractions. A mere decade and a half after the city councils resolution, Bjørvika’s architecture has gained acclaim far beyond Norway’s borders. The Opera and Barcode are flagship buildings that signal a new approach to the aesthetics and quality of urban renewal, new standards for the surrounding environment and sustainability – but first and foremost a renewed awareness of how the City of Oslo should build arenas that foster the good life. Barcode is the current backdrop as we inaugurate a new chapter, re-enlivening the scene called Bispevika. Here, the elements of our stage set shall be streets and plazas and wharfs. Cultural venues,
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shops, cafés and restaurants and pubs, and various and sundry services, all have important roles to play. However, these will be carefully balanced so that people can play the starring roles: the young and the old, the busy and the relaxed, the cold and the warm, the hungry or the content – everyone is invited to find their place in Bispevika.
Oslo is everyone’s city, and the Fjord City is a shared endeavour.
Our team at Oslo S Utvikling (OSU) is both proud and humble to be entrusted with the job of directing this historic production. Our vision and goal is to make Bjørvika the most attractive urban area in Norway – and to this challenge we bring all our experience and that of our strategic partners. We intent to make Bispevika worthy of applause and appreciation, from future generations as well as our own.
Maria Louise Rognerud Direktør Bygulv Oslo S Utvikling AS
The document you are holding in your hand is our manuscript. Here are the lighting and sounds, the scenography, and the stage instructions for the floor of Bispevika. This “urban floor” is where people will meet, and where the urban experience is created. That is why this is an important document; it shows that we have a lot of work to do preparing the premiere of the completed Bispevika district. Our gratitude to everyone who is playing a part in this. We hope that you, our reader, will be inspired to make your own contribution. We invite you to be a critically constructive audience – but also to share any thoughts you might have on how to make Bjørvika and Bispevika even better arenas for the good life!
Oslo, april 2016
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Introduction: What is the urban floor?
On Nolli’s famous 1748 map of Rome, enclosed and open civic spaces, such as churches and markets, are clearly marked. The Urban Floor Plan for Bispevika is based on a similar understanding of Oslo: the urban floor is the stage on which the life of Bispevika unfolds, and its design must invite the public to experience, observe and participate. The urban floor is the term we used for all public spaces, whether enclosed or open, including public amenities in the adjoining buildings. Bispevika’s Urban Floor Plan (Bygulvsplanen) is OSU’s key tool for guiding the development of public spaces and street-level functions in Bispevika. The document defines success criteria and guidelines that will enable OSU to achieve its vision for Bjørvika and Bispevika. This “floor plan” encourages predictability as well as enthusiasm in the urban renewal of Bispevika. The Urban Floor Plan defines the concrete objectives and measures, which together with Bispevika’s redefined zoning status are to be the basis of the district’s development. 1. Bispevika’s Urban Floor Plan shall have paramount status with authorities and developers, forming the basis for predictable political processes and decision-making for the area.
4. The Urban Floor Plan shall be form the basis for evaluating the achievement of defined objectives. Bispevika’s Urban Floor Plan consists of three parts: Part 1: BASIS analyses Bispevika’s role in the development of Bjørvika, placing OSU’s vision for the district in the greater context of the applicable guidelines for the Fjord City as a whole.
Public areas
Part 2: TOOLS delineates the success criteria, concept, guidelines and experience of Bispevika. This part of the document shall be a tool for architects, property developers and city authorities as they work together to realize OSU’s and Fjord City’s visions for Bispevika. Part 3: AREA OVERVIEW indicates locales for shops, cafés and cultural venues on the street level and first floor. It gives an overall overview of areas, and key facts about individual buildings and locales. OSU wishes to point out that the present document is subject to revisions during Bispevika’s urban renewal process, and that there may be some deviations.
– Public areas – Publicly accessible areas – Street-level public amenities
2. The Urban Floor Plan shall be the guiding document for developers and architects in the urban renewal of Bispevika. 3. The Urban Floor Plan shall form the basis for decision-making about potential tenants for the shops, restaurants and pubs, and cultural venues in Bispevika. The plan shall contain comprehensive information (size, location, access etc.) on all rental and leasing spaces; the plan shall also describe the intended character and public experience of the various parts of Bispevika.
Bispevika’s urban floor
Nolli’s 1748 Map of Rome
Contents
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PART 1 – BASIS
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PART 2 – TOOLS
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PART 3 – AREA OVERVIEWS
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1.1 Vision 1.2 Location analyses 1.3 Plans and guidelines 1.4 Attractiveness and quality of life
2.1 Success criteria 2.2 Concept 2.3 Guidelines 1. The Harbour Promenade 2. Dronning Eufemias gate 3. Public squares 4. Operagata 5. Rostockgata 6. Kong Haakon Vs gate 7. Public places and civic spaces
3.1 Locales and Areas
9 11 27 33
43 49 53 56 60 63 67 71 74 77
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SOURCES 90 Images Background information
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PART 1 – BASIS 1.1 Vision 1.2 Location analyses 1.3 Plans and guidelines 1.4 Attractiveness and quality of life
1.1 Vision ”Bjørvika – Norway’s most attractive residential and business district” OSU’s vision for Bjørvika (2015)
“The Fjord City shall vitalise, generate pride and a sense of belonging, and ensure public access to the waterfront and its many pleasures and delights.” The Fjord City Plan, City of Oslo (2008)
Considerable attention is being paid to the development of Bispevika, largely because it is a key part of Bjørvika and Fjord City. Ever since the City of Oslo enacted a new zoning plan for Bjørvika in 2003, many have expressed strong opinions about how the area could or should be developed. Architectural competitions have been held, and a comprehensive set of information folders have been formulated for Bjørvika as a whole, as well as quality criteria for the various areas Bjørvika sites. The overarching requirement is that Bispevika is to be developed according to the vision and objectives that are formulated in the Fjord City Plan: “The Fjord City shall vitalise, generate pride and a sense of belonging, and ensure public access to the waterfront and its many pleasures and delights. At the same time, the Fjord City shall be open to future lifestyles and the unexpected.
Public amenities
Public spaces
Urban floor
“In order to succeed, it is imperative to foster a broad understanding of Fjord City as an urban renewal project, and that it comprises housing and activities that include all segments of the population. Fjord City must have a comprehensive approach that ensures an enhanced quality of life for as many citizens of the city and the region as possible.” With this background in mind, OSU has formulated its own vision for the development of Bjørvika and Bispevika:
Attractive City
Housing
”Bjørvika – Norway’s most attractive residential and business community”
Commerce
OSU’s vision and the Fjord City vision complement each other; actually, in order to be realized, they must be seen as interdependent.
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About Bjørvika and Bispevika
900 000 m2
Total volume to be developed, covering 172 acres of Bjørvika
1 500 residences Bispevika
20 000 jobs 5 000 housing units Bjørvika
(as many residents as the towns of Egersund and Grimstad combined)
The Opera House is Oslo’s greatest tourist attraction, annually drawing 1.7 million visitors
13 900 m2
100 000 000
Oslo Public Library (Deichman Library) Planned completion in 2018
OSLO PUBLIC LIBRARY
årlig besøkende er forventet om få år innom Oslo S
BARCODE
65 000 kvm street-level locales (for shops, cafés and cultural venues) Strømmen Shopping Centre (Norway’s largest)
New Munch Museum, to be completed in 2019 500,000 visitors expected yearly
2,8 km 420 student housing units in Diagonale
Bjørvika’s Harbour Promenade
The development of Bjørvika will add 100,000 daily commuters.
St. Hans haugen
Bislett
1.2 Location analyses Grünerløkka
Bispevika and the City The ongoing transformation of Bjørvika, Bispevika and Sørenga/Lohavn is Norway’s largest urban renewal project. This project will extend the city centre and give Oslo a new and publicly accessible waterfront along the fjord.
Fredensborg The Palace Park
Tullinløkka
Bispevika ties together the Sørenga neighbourhood, the Medieval Park, Barcode and Bjørvika into an integral urban whole.
Youngstorget
Kvadraturen Aker Brygge
Tjuvholmen
Pipervika
Akershus Fortress
Bispevika is strategically situated. It has direct access to Norway’s largest public transport hub (Oslo Central Station), established and planned cultural institutions (the Munch Museum, the Norwegian National Opera & Ballet, The Oslo Public Library (Deichman Library), the cosmopolitan Grønland area, the Medieval Park (historically significant as well as a popular recreation area), the sea bath of Sørenga – and of course the Oslofjord itself, with its scenery and many seaside activities.
Grønland
Karl Johan
Oslo City Hall
Oslo Central Station Barcode Operaen Bjørvika
Bispevika The Medieval Park
Vippetangen Sørenga
Oslo
Old Town of Oslo (Gamlebyen)
Ekeberg
Bjørvika Harbour Promenade
Hovedøya
In order to achieve OSU and the Fjord City’s vision of an attractive, accessible and highly functioning borough, it is imperative to foster good connections between the urban neighbourhood of Bispevika and its neighbouring areas, and to attract a great variety of people from all of Oslo.
Fjord City
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History
Bispevika is situated near the Medieval Park, Oslo’s historical birthplace. As a result of industrial activity and continuing post-glacial rebound, today’s shoreline deviates significantly from the medieval. Bispevika is actually situated in an area that was underwater in the Middle Ages. While archaeological excavations have uncovered vessels and wharfs, the area’s present appearance reveal little of its historical importance. However, the Medieval Park to the east, with its church ruins, green meadows and reconstructed medieval shoreline, provide a historical presence adjacent to the areas now subject to urban renewal. In recent times, heavy infrastructure and industrial harbour installations have limited people’s access to the waterfront areas.
The area in the Middle Ages approx. 1000 – 1350
Bjørvika in about 1800s, John William Edy
Kvadraturen, a pre-industrial city block 1624 – approx. 1850
Industry and transport 1850–1960
http://digitaltmuseum.no/
The automotive society 1960–2000
Transportation and infrastructure connections
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The infrastructure in Bjørvika shall ensure openness and accessibility to all traffic. Opening up the area will fully integrate Bispevika into the city structure of Oslo. Bispevika will be connected to the city through its street grid, with major streets running east– west and north–south, as well as the Harbour Promenade that hugs the waterfront. The area shall have good accessibility for pedestrians and cyclists. In addition, there will always be a bus and tram stop nearby, as well as stops for ferries and cableway. By placing parking facilities underground, residents and those who work here will be able to enjoy more care-free areas in the neighbourhood.
Public transport
Land-based public transport will for the most part be channelled along Dronning Eufemia’s gate and Kong Haakon V’s gate. Tram Bus Bus/Tram stop
Cableway
Tog
Car traffic
Bispevika will be linked to new thoroughfares.
Main Streets
Streets
Tunnel
Pedestrian grid
A fine-meshed street grid makes navigation easy for pedestrians, and gives an enhanced sense of security for visitors as well as residents. Harbour Promenade
Pedestrian streets
Bike paths
Cyclists can look forward to safely sharing the road with slow-moving cars, and enjoying dedicated bike lanes. Bike lanes
Mixed traffic
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The flow of pedestrian traffic PROGNOSIS FOR PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC 2020 “Our prognosis is for the year 2020, when the urban development of Bjørvika, Sørenga and Bispevika has been completed. The numbers below show the expected number of pedestrians in the course of a typical spring or autumn day. We can expect 17 percent fewer pedestrians than this in the winter. In the summer, calculations indicate a 36 percent increase, although the number of pedestrians on the Harbour Promenade is likely to double. The calculations are based on pedestrian statistics in the area spanning from Stranden to Rådhuskaia. “The most intense pedestrian traffic can be expected on the west end of Dronning Eufemias gate, about 26,000 people per day, with Operagata near the Opera a close second, i.e. 25,000 people per day. Stasjonsallmenningen is likely to see 18,500 people passing through. Traffic lightens somewhat as we move east, with 16,000 expected to pass Barcode. The northern end of Rostockgata will see approx. 13,000 people pass through, while to the south Bispekilen and Rostockgata with the Harbour Promenade are calculated to see 8000–9000 people. On fine summer days, the Harbour Promenade is likely to draw about 16,000–18,000 pedestrians. The side streets of Bispevika, including Bispekilen and Kongsbakkeallmenningen are likely to experience much lower traffic, roughly 4000–5000 per day. “This will also be the case for the streets of Sørenga.”
*Bispevika - Fotgjengerstrømmen. 2016 Spacescape
Urban Structure
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Bjørvika represents a compact expansion of Oslo’s city centre comprising a number of distinct areas, : a city block grid and some monumental buildings to the west, Barcode and the Opera to the North, medieval ruins to the east, and open-courtyard buildings to the south. The intention of the comprehensive municipal planning for Bispevika is that it becomes a bridge between these areas, while creating its own unique identity and character. As part of Fjord City, Bispevika will safeguard the principles of openness and accessibility, and foster a good transition between city and fjord. Bispevika’s new urban structure is inspired by the classic grid of Oslo’s city centre, but the scale is reduced and humanised – and especially near the waterfront it is more open and porous.
Building patterns
Less-densely developed city blocks and partly sheltered civic spaces aim to foster a thriving public activity. Individual buildings and smaller intimate spaces introduce new qualities to the waterfront.
Buildings
The layout of streets and civic spaces
The structure of city blocks and interconnected public squares is in harmony with Bjørvika’s overall layout of streets and civic spaces, and links the area to its surroundings. Varied buildings yields variation in the outdoor spaces, as well as intimacy and characteristic micro-localities. Civic spaces
The “blue” structure
Blue refers to water. The fjord is the most defining quality and geographic feature of this area, and sets the main terms for its development. New canals, reflective water features and more intimate water spaces draw the waterfront into the new city district. “Blue” structure
The “green” structure and recreational areas Bispevika designates a large portion of its area as public streets, the Harbour Promenade, plazas and civic spaces. Each of these will be developed based on their respective “green” and “blue” qualities, encouraging people to linger, enjoy activities and recreation, and interact with others. Green structure
Recreational areas
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Programme & Objectives When it is completed, Bjørvika will provide space to approx. 5000 residences and 20,000 jobs. Bispevika will be a residential area with 1500 housing units, some commercial lots, and a mix of street-level urban functions. Shops, cafés and restaurants, and other commerce will meet the primary requirements of residents, as well as visitors and those who work in the area. This mix of functions complements the residential area to the south, the business district to the north, and the recreation area to the east, while forming an urban backdrop for the major cultural institutions to the west.
Oslo Central Station Oslo Public Library (Deichman Library)
Barcode
Kindergarten
Student housing
The Opera House
Barcode
Paulsenkaia Bispevika Munch Museum
Sukkerbiten
Kindergarten
The Middle Age Park Sørenga
School
Culture and public amenities
Bjørvika has some of Norway’s most important cultural institutions and striking flagship buildings, including the Opera, the new Munch Museum and Oslo Public Library (Deichman Library). To the east is the Medieval Park and its ornamental lake. In addition to the existing hotel, another is planned for B1. A new school and several child day-care centres will be established in the area.
Offices
There is a large concentration of office buildings on both sides of Oslo Central Station; the area is often referred to as the city’s new central business district. Major companies have chosen to locate their headquarters here because of the area’s proximity to Oslo Central Station. Bispevika offers commercial property mainly to the northeast (B7).
Housing
Bjørvika’s area plan calls for a large proportion of housing. Bispevika will be the most central residential area, while Sørenga and Grønlia/Lohavn towards the south will have the largest share of residences. The presence of a significant number of residences will foster the establishment of a thriving urban environment, and make the city lively.
Shops, cafés and culture
Bjørvika will be developed as a multifunctional borough. Street-level locales will to a large degree be public-oriented, ensuring a high degree of public access and lively activity throughout the day. Shops Active façades
Cafés
Culture
Programme & Objectives
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BARCODE – Plan optimal
BRANSJESAMMENSETNING
“The content programme suggested in ‘Plan Optimal’ is based on detailed knowledge of Barcode (previously called Operakvarteret,), and in particular the shopping preferences of those who work in or frequent the area. Movement into and through the area (be it pedestrian or by bike, car or public transport) has been defined, the times when people arrive and leave their jobs has been surveyed, and comparisons have been made between the area’s shopping offerings and that of Oslo’s city centre, in order to identify a product mix that is likely to function well for the area.
Frisør Kaffebrenneriet
Coctail bar Lege
Trelastgata
Restaurant +bar
Elixia Helsekost / Apotek 1.etg Ving Reisebyrå 2.etg
Tannlege/ evt. fysikalsk
Handel
Blomster
Serranos Bodega
Restaurant
Gaver Kaffe bar
Kjøkken 1.etg Restaurant 2.etg
Mathall
Handel
Servering
Kjøtt
Elixia i kjeller
Handel
Servering Lunch bar/ kiosk
Bar
Handel
Lege
Handel
2 etasjer
Hage
Sushi + asiatisk
2.etg
I kjeller
Handel
Kjøtt
Frisør Kunde WC
Mathall
Mathall
Grønt
Handel Handel
Ost
Restaurant
FLYT OG BEVEGELSE I OPERAKVARTERET Sjømat Restaurant
Supermarked
1.etg
Ost
Godt brød
Disp. Servering
Denne planen viser estimerte tall på antall fotgjengere og biler som vil bevege seg i OperaKvarteret daglig. Samtidig er det indikert hvor mange som vil bo og jobbe i OperaKvarteret, og hvor disse menneskene vil bevege seg. Dette gir et viktig grunnlag for programmeringen av bygulvet.
Hage
Fotgjengere/syklister
Restaurant
Fisk
Kaffehus
2 etasjer
Restaurant / Flagstore
Restaurant
Restaurant/ Flagstore
2 etasjer
Handel
Cafe/isbar
Kjøretøy
Restaurant
Trikk
Bank
2 etasjer
Holdeplass
“‘Plan Optimal’ is a document that reflects what is assumed to be the optimal mix of shopping and restaurants for Barcode, based on a comprehensive evaluation.
Bakeri
Dronning Eufemiass gate
Hovedinngang kontor
BEVERTNING
BESTEMT
FORRETNING
BESTEMT
Øvrig inngang kontor
FORRETNING / BEVERTNING
Holdeplass
KJELLER
BARNEHAGE
B2
B3
B7
Hovedinngang bolig
PASSASJE
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Øvrig inngang bolig Innganger næringslokaler Innganger passasje
Bispevika North
“‘Plan Optimal’ aims to satisfy the target groups: those who work or reside in the area, as well as those who visit Barcode.”
Totalt arbeidende: ca 10 000 Totalt boende: ca 600
TSSDIAGRAM
A concentration of restaurants and cafés will be established along Dronning Eufemias gate. Bispevika is situated adjacent to Barcode, east of Stasjonsallmenningen. Seen as a whole, this area should be a distinct and desirable travel destination.
ØSTRE TANGENT
GRØNLAND BUSSTERMINALEN Taxi / kiss & ride
Taxi / kiss & ride
P Pkjeller
KLP 808 ansatte. De fleste kommer mellom 07:30 – 09:00 og går mellom 15:00 – 16:30 40 000 pr. døgn
DEICHMANSKE BIBLIOTEK OSLO S
Deloitte ca. 800-900 personer. Arbeidstid fra ca. 08.00 til 16.00 - 18.00 53 leiligheter = ca 80 pers.
76 leil. = ca 114 pers.
Parkering 200 sykler
DNB B Innflytting mars 2014. 1300 ansatte og 1140 arbeidsplasser. Kiss & ride
WISMARGATA
5 000 pr.døgn
AKERSELVAALLMENNINGEN
Passasje
VISMA ca 800 – 900 personer. Det er størst trafikk inn til bygget rundt 08:00 og størst trafikk ut rundt 16:00
227 leiligheter i B13 = ca 341 pers.
20 000 pr. døgn
41 leiligheter = ca 62 pers.
DNB A Innflytting oktober og november 2012. ca 2400 ansatte og 2200 arbeidsplasser Arbeidstid 07.00 – 18.00. Kjernetid 09.00 – 15.00. Noe overtidsarbeid Ca 80 personer på natt i hele kvartalet.
T 20 000 ÅD
PwC 680 personer. Vekst pr. år på ca 25-30 personer (netto). Når de kommer og går varierer sterkt.
STASJONSALLMENNINGEN
TAXI
1900 ÅDT
Taxi / kiss & ride OSLO S BYPORTEN
DNB kvartalet Totalt ca 4200 ansatte. I tillegg kommer: -Konsulenter, ca 500 ansatte fra DNB på møter. - Fra andre deler av landet/ utland ca 400 pr dag. -Driftspersonell ca 80. -Ca 500 kunder hver dag fordelt på ca 200 møter.
ROSTOCKGATA
DNB C Innflytting mars 2013. 660 ansatte og 700 arbeidsplasser
2700 ÅDT
TGATA
TRELAS
10 000 pr. døgn MIDDELALDERPARKEN BAROKKHAGEN 10 000 ÅDT
DRONNING EUFEMIAS GATE 7 500 av og på stigende daglig
PRINSENS GATE KVADRATUREN LANGKAIGATA
Kilde: Ruter
BISPEGATA
Barcode (Operakvarteret, i.e. he Opera Quarter) is the largest site in the Bjørvika Plan. It comprises 12 individual buildings, accommodating 400 housing units and 10,000 jobs. *Operakvarteret Bygulvsprospekt. 2012 Oslo S Utvikling
B2 AKERSELVALMENNINGEN DEICHMANSKE BIBLIOTEK OPERA
Plan 1.
B3 OPERAGATA
OPERAEN SØRENGA
B7 LOHAVNGATA SØRENGA
SØRENGA BISPEKILEN MIDDELALDERPARKEN
KONG HÅKON 5s GATE
Bispevika North
Kilder: Ruter, Norsam, Plan og Bygningsetaten
Programme & Objectives
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Oslo Public Library (A8) + Diagonale (A9a + A9b) “Diagonale consists of two buildings, and nine-story office building and student housing. The street-level lots of the office building are reserved for shops, cafés and restaurants, with offices on the other eight floors.”
A9a
The first floor of The Oslo Public Library will consist of: “a market place and navigation point, a restaurant, and a lounge with newspapers and magazines. In addition, samples from throughout the library will be available, as well as information on Oslo’s many cultural institutions and events, and there will be a library shop.”
A8
A9b
FOTSKRAPERISTER VED INNG
TRESETER FOR BETONGBENK
DR.EUFEMIASGATE
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2001
GRANITT BELEGNING
KiB-2100-A-D00-20-S-2001
C+3
00 38 C+
100
C+ 33000
C+3
3 NG SONE ERVERI UTES
VEGG U1
C+ 2340
TVERRGATA
16000
YD09
C+ 2420
YD01
1:75
1:50
K BE N
+3 70 0 C +3 60 0 C +3 50 0 C +3 40 0 C C
+3 30 0
K
C
OVERFLATE UTEOMRÅDER 1.E PLASSTØPT LYS BETONG
INNFELT BELYSNING I TRAPPE
400
C
+3 10 0
BE N
K
16000
C +2 90 0 C
5 SYKLER C+ 2470
+3 00 0
BE N
C+2410
C+ 2550
YD02
C
BEVERTNING
LISEN E
C+2450
A
16000
1:50
C
C+2 500
C+ 2480
1.0.5 Dørsluse øst 15 m² 1.U Utendørs inngangsparti 6 m²
INNGANG KONTOR
1:2 0
INNKJØRING TIL VARELEVERING OG PARKERING
+2 70 0
HC
B
C+ 2550
C+ 2260
C+ 2510
C+ 2550
C+ 2600
KONTORLOBBY
0 1:5
0 40 +2
LISEN E
BEVERTNING C
60 SYKLER
0 30 +2
1:50
1 : 20
C+2450
C+2400
C+ 2500
7 SYKLER
1 - DETALJ SYKKELSTA
BEVERTNING
C
0 20 +2
SLUK C+2100
0 30 +2 C
16000
C+ 2180
INNKJØRING TIL 1:50 VARELEVERING OG PARKERING
LYS BETONG
0 20 +2 C
16000
1.4.U Produksjon og kjøkken 101 m² U1.T Restaurant tilluft og avtrekk sjakt2 1 m²
1:50
1:30
A9b A9b
0 40 +2 C
U1.T Restaurant tilluft og avtrekk sjakt1 2 m² 1.4.2 Podium 3 m²
C+ 2600
1.2.1 Turistinfo 17 m²
1:2 0
C
KiB-2100-A-D00-20S-2100
1.2.2 Kulturinfo 117 m²
1.1.15 Oppbevaringsbokser U1.T øst Restaurant tilluft 31 m² og avtrekk sjakt2 1.4.7 1.4.4 2 m² 1.4.5 Publikumstoalett Publikumstoalett Publikumstoalett 1.4.6 2 m² 1 m² 1 m² Publikumstoalett 1.4.U HC YD14 Publikumstoalett 19 m² C+ 2550 16 m²
C+ 2550
BEVERTNING
C+2600 INNGANG SYKKELPARKERING
2100
1.1.17 Infosone 13 m² 1.0.9 Inngangsparti 39 m²
PLANTEFELT FOR BUSKER, JUNISØTMISPEL
1:50
RIST RENNE MED
1.4.12 Servering/anretning 42 m²
1.4.3 Inneservering 143 m²
7 SYKLER
HC
3000
C
C+ 2500
HC personalinngang
YD07
0 1:5
1:20
B
RENNE MED RIST
C+ 2580
1.0.13 Sirkulasjon syd 10 m² 1.T 1.T Ventilasjonsrom U1.T personalinngang-sluse (syd) U1.T Heis H2 , 9 m² (syd) Heis H5, Publikumsheis i 7 m² Kjøkkenheis syd syd 1.T 4 m² 5 m² El (syd) Redundant Room 1.T Tele (syd) 2 m²
C+ 2600
TRE TYPE AMELANCHIER CAN
RØMMING KANTINE
YD08
C+ 1620
00 C+38
BEVERTNING
INNGANG STUDENTBOLIG
C+ 2640
UTESERVERING
1:2 0
LYS BETONG
C+ 2710
1.T Trafo 30 m²
BETONGFUGER
0 C+400
1:50
BE N
YD10
1.U 1.1.5 Personaltoalett Konsultasjonsrom 1.T 1.0.11 5 m² Sluse for publikum 2 m² Sirkulasjon øst 1.U (øst) 12 m² 6 m² Personaltoalett 4 m²
1.U Åpent ned 17 m²
A9a A9a
R
1.U Utendørs 1.0.4 Dørsluse vest inngangsparti 6 m² 15 m²
C+ 2780
O ST PPS IG TIL EB L IL ING
12000
E RENS ÅLSG FORM
YD01
C+ 2110
1.1.1 Infoknutepunkt 61 m²
D 3 SYKLER
1:50
1.0.8 Inngangsparti 14 m²
1.U Personalinngang garderobe 35 m²
1.T Ventilasjonsrom (øst) U1.T 10 m² 1.U 1.T Heis H4, Vareheis U1.T Personalinngang Sluse (øst) i øst Heis H3, og gjestemottak 7 m² 12 m² 7 m² Ansatt-/brannheis i øst 1.T 6 m² Rømningskorridor C+ 2700 1.U 1.U øst Personalinngang 19 m² Vaktrom og gjestemottak 7 m² 12 m²
1.2.6 Sattelitt for plan 4 30 m²
1.1.16 Infosone 32 m²
KiB-2100-A-D00-20S-2100
A
C+ 2600
1.0.1 Sirkulasjon trapp vest 4 m²
BE ST EM ME LS ES GR EN SE
NSE EGRE BYGG
12000
1.1.2 Sentral utstillingssone 111 m²
1.3.4 Aviser og tidsskrifter S 47 m² 1.U Åpent ned 47 m²
2100
A8 A8
YD06
BYGGEGRENSE A9
U1.U Stollager 63 m²
C+ 2900
1:33
FORRETNING
0 C+390
0 1:5
YD02
1.1.6 Automater 45 m²
1.T Tele (øst) 2 m²
6 SYKLER
LYSMASTER
0 1:5
00 27 C+
1.2.4 Sattelitt for plan 2 54 m²
SONE 2 UTEOPPHOLD
C
1:30
1.T innleveringsautomater (øst) 1.T 26 m² Rømningstrapp (øst) 25 m²
FORRETNING
00 41 C+
0 1:5
1.3.3 Aviser og tidsskrifter N 22 m²
SY KL ER
C+ 2800
Oppbevaringsbokser vest 2 m²
1.T Tele (vest) 2 m²
52
1.T El (øst) 6 m²
1.0.7 Inngangsparti 12 m²
1.2.7 Sattelitt for plan 5 29 m²
AV OG PÅSTIGNING
FORMÅLSGRENSE A9
1.T El (vest) 4 m²
1.U Åpent ned 22 m²
C+ 3000
FORRETNING
G LIN IL ST BIL PP E O TIG S
0 1:5
1.3.6 Tv og Togtider S 41 m²
Branngardin
C+ 2850
FORRETNING
00 28 C+
1.1.11 Publikumstoalett 1.1.10 1 m² Publikumstoalett 1.T 1.1.12 1.2.5 HC Rømningstrapp Publikumstoalett Sattelitt for plan 5 m² (vest) 2 m² 3 27 m² 1.0.12 16 m² U1.T Sirkulasjon vest Heis H1 , 20 m² Publikumsheis i vest 5 m² 1.1.14
1.3.5 Tv og Togtider N 22 m²
D
Rulletrapp 1.1 (plan 1-2)
YD05
TVERRGATA
1601
1.0.10 Barnevogn 19 m²
1.1.7 24 timers nattomat 11 m²
BESTEMMELSESGRENSE
C+ 2600
EIENDOMSGRENSE
KOTEHØYDER 12 SYKLER
0 90 +2 C
1.0.2 Sirkulasjon trapp nord 1.1.13 11 m² Bokkarusell 143 m²
C+ 3000
1.U Sorteringsanlegg plan 1 53 m²
1.1.4 Hentehylle 32 m²
1.0.6 Dørsluse nord 15 m²
C+ 3400
1:50
C+ 2950
BYGGEGRENSE
12000
Rulletrapp 1.2 (plan 1-2)
C+ 2850
0 1:5
1.0.3 Sirkulasjon foran rulletrapp 38 m²
0 360 C+
FORMÅLSGRENSE
0 00 +3 C
1.1.3 Periferi-utstilling 62 m²
C
BENK LYS BETONG C+ 3400
1.U Utendørs inngangsparti 5 m²
C+ 2800
C
300
EIENDOMSGRENSE
LISEN E
YD01 C+ 2600
C+3
E
YD04
1.T Rømningskorridor 1.3.1 vest "I dette øyeblikk" 10 m² N 33 m²
1.3.2 "I dette øyeblikk" S 39 m²
200
C+ 2920
C+ 2880
1:50
25 SYKLER
1:50
C+ 2840
C+ 2800
00 C+41
K
C+ 2760
C+ 2720
00 39 C+
R IS T
YD03
C+ 2680
C+ 2640
00 37 C+
M ED
25 SYKLER
C+ 2600
0 +350
EN NE
YD02
C+ 2570
0 +340
1:75
C+ 2550
C+ 2550
1:50
E
C+ 2550
1:50
C+ 2570
C+ 2610
C+ 2650
12000
C+ 2690
SYKKELSTATIV
00 C+40
860
5
KiB-2100-A-D00-20S-2200
NYLANDSVEIEN
4
2 SYKLER
4 SYKLER
+3 20 0
3
BELEGNING TILHØRER NYLAN
Dronning Eufemias Gate
7
+2 80 0
2
2200
C+2400
2001
KiB-2100-A-D00-20-S-2001
2
3
4
5
2200
KiB-2100-A-D00-20S-2200
BÆRENDEVEGG
*HAV Eiendom, Lund Hagem Arkitekter. Diagonale
REVIDERT RAMMESØKNAD TILBUDSTEGNING D09 FRYS ARK RAMMESØKNAD FORPROSJEKT TVERRFAGLIG KONTROLL Beskrivelse
Nye Deichmanske hovedbibliotek
Prosjekt
Kontrakt
Disiplin
1. ETASJE
KiB
2100
A
N
0
5
10M
LETTVEGG
A3: 1-250 / A1: 1-125
BOKHYLLEVEGG
Tiltakshaver
Arkitekter
FILIPSTADVEIEN 5, 0250 OSLO - TLF 23 33 31 50 - www.lundhagem.no
FILIPSTADVEIEN 5, 0250 OSLO - TLF 21 66 34 22 - www.atelieroslo.no
Prosjektledelse
KULTURBYGGENE I BJØRVIKA (KIB)
ADVANSIA AS
OLAV V'S GATE, 0161 OSLO
DRONNING EUFEMIASGT 16, 0191 OSLO - TLF 22 17 66 70
1
10 SYKLER
6 06 05 04 03 02 01 Rev
MÅLESTOKK A3
BG BG BG BG EBE EBE Utarbeidet
Området/Etasje
Del/Tegn.type
Løpenr.
Revisjon
Status
D01
20P
1101
06
C
Plan 1.
HF HF HF HF VV VV Kontroll
7
11.10.2013 11.09.2013 01.07.2013 24.06.2013 20.04.2012 10.02.2012 Dato
EH EH EH EH EH EH Godkjent
PKF PKF PKF PKF PKF PKF OR
C+23 00
10 SYKLER
10 SYKLER C+22 00
C+21 00
C+20 00
Operagata
C+1900
00 C+20
00 C+21
10 SYKLER 00 C+22
00 C+23
OPERAGATA
1 : 250
LYSMASTER I DIAGONALGATEN
Programme & Objectives
19
Paulsenkaia in Bjørvika B1: Hotel.
B4: The street-level floors of B4 have a total area of 5000 m2 that are designated for shops, restaurants and cafés. In the project proposal for B4, cafés and restaurants face Akerselvallmenningen, while the shops face Stasjonsallmenningen.
B1
B4
B4
Bispevika North
B1
B4
B4
Operagata
Dronning Eufemias gate
Stasjonasallmenning
Akerselva *Hadrian Eiendom, 2012, Salgsprospekt, Boligutviklingsprosjekt B4 Paulsenkaia i Bjørvika
Plan 1.
Illustrasjon av 1. etasje. Kilde: Kilde: Arkitektene Juan Herreros Arquitectos og LPO arkitekter.
NÆRINGSAREALER Skisseprosjektet som ble lagt til grunn for reguleringen, viser ca. 4 300 m2 næringsarealer
Illustrasjon av 2. etasje. K
BOLIGAREA I byggenes a opp til bolig
20
Present and planned destinations in Bjørvika Destinations
Grønland/ Tøyen
Public amenities Cafés and pubs, exhibitions, outdoors recreation, water activities
Harbour Promenade Sørenga sea bath
Bathing, relaxation, recreation, play
1 Norwegian National Opera &
City centre
Ballet 2 Munch Museum
Oslo Central Station
3 Oslo Public Library 4 Sukkerbiten
F
BARCODE
1
3
2
Kvadraturen
Opera, ballet, concerts, viewpoints
2
Exhibitions, learning, art, cafés
3
Learning, information, culture, meeting places, cinemas
4
Dining and drink, meeting places, culture, concerts
1
History, culture, festivals, park, reflective water feature
C Cruise ship quay Old Town of Oslo (Gamlebyen)
3
1
4
1
Ferry terminal
1
Tram and bus stop Bus stop 1 Medieval Park
Possible local ferry stop
2
Possible future cable car Restaurants in BARCODE
Dronning Eufemias gate
5
C
1 Operaallmenningen 2 Akerselvallmenningen
6
3 Stasjonsallmenningen 4 Bispekilen
F
1
Culture, meeting places
2
History, seating, vegetation, mooring for small boats
3
Link to the city, urban marketplace, shops, outdoor dining
4
Relaxation by the water, canal, cafés, harbour, quays, restaurants
5
Play, sea baths and cultural venues, venues for local events and sports, outdoor dining
6
Art and urban farming, ball games, play, picnic
Ekeberg
5 Kongsbakkeallmenningen 6 Loallmenningen
School, grades 1–10 (1170 pupils) DNT’s Outdoors Activity Centre at Sørenga
Existing and planned public amenities in Bjørvika Locales for shops, cafés and culture Restaurants, cafés and pubs are to be located primarily to the south and west. These areas enjoy favourable sunlight conditions, making outdoor tables more attractive. The north side of Dronning Eufemias gate (DEG) and the eastern bank of the Akerselva river will have a more or less continuous series of such venues.
21
Grønland/ Tøyen
Sentrum
Oslo S
Shops, which have less need for direct daylight, will be primarily be assigned north- and east-facing locales. The southern side of Dronning Eufemias gate will have the character of a long shopping district. Cultural venues and locales will be distributed throughout Bjørvika. The new Munch Museum, Oslo Public Library, the Opera House and the Medieval Park are key attractions and cultural dynamos for the enlivening of Bjørvika.
Barcode Diagonale
Gamlebyen
Kvadraturen
Operaen
Bispevika
Sørenga Shops
kveld
Shops, cafés and culture on street level Shops Cafés Culture kl 12.00
22
Local climate and environmental conditions Air Airborne particulates of PM10 and NO2 Areas with the highest concentrations Along Haakon Vs gate and Dronning Eufemias gate, concentrations of PM10 and NO2 are likely to be exceeded from street level up to the 7th–9th floors. High concentrations of airborne particulates are also likely to persist into the southern side-streets of Dronning Eufemias gate, i.e. Stasjonsallmenningen, Wismargata and Rostockgata.
Year round
Annual average In Bispevika, the annual average for PM10 particulates is unlikely to exceed the legislative limits, but the annual average for NO2 may be excessive in some years. Comments - Episodes of poor air quality will be rare. Analyses show that at least 90 % of the time, the air quality is expected to be good (i.e. airborne particulates lower than legislated limits). - Local episodes of PM10 particulates exceeding national targets will occur only during the winter months.
Summer
Noise Dronning Eufemias gate and Kong Haakon Vs gate are the most heavily trafficked and noisiest streets in the area. Rostockgata and sections of Operagata are classified primarily as Noise Zone Yellow (ref. map on the right), meaning the noise nuisance will be contained within 4 metres above street level, due to the planned 30 km speed limit. The map to the left shows noise levels at 1.5 metres above street level, indicating which areas might be desirable for outdoor leisure
Wind and activities. Although this map has not been corrected for the reduced 30 km speed limit, it does underscore that civic spaces will have limited noise exposure. These maps of noise levels also show that areas adjacent to Bispevika’s waterfront will be totally sheltered from traffic noise.
In the lower-right diagram, the areas with wind levels low enough for outdoor seating are shown in violet. Areas with slightly higher wind levels that are acceptable for people standing, for instance near a building entrance, are coloured blue, dark green or light green. The diagrams show that wind conditions will generally not be bothersome in Bispevika. The Harbour Promenade has a number of sheltered areas, particularly along building façades, while other areas, especially the outdoor seating closest to the water, will be more exposed to wind.
- Local episodes of excessive concentrations of NO2 may also occur during the spring and autumn, but not during the summer. The reasons for this are two-fold: better seasonal air circulation and lower pollution levels. - Any inversions during the summer months will happen at night, when there is less traffic and far less emissions of NO2
Sun conditions
23
1 May – 09:00
1 May – 12:00
1 May – 15:00
1 May – 18:00
1 May – 21:00
23 June – 9:00
23 June – 12:00
23 June – 15:00
23 June – 18:00
23 June – 21:00
These sunlight charts show that the Harbour Promenade in the northern part of Bispevika will, in fine weather, enjoy excellent sunlight throughout the day, although somewhat reduced on late summer evenings. The Harbour Promenade in the southern part of
Bispevika will enjoy its best sunlight conditions from 13:00 / 14:00 until sunset. The areas farthest south along the Harbour Promenade, near Kongsbakken, will, along with areas south of Bispevika, enjoy most
sunlight later in the evening. The south side of Dronning Eufemias gate has most sunlight before noon, while Operagata enjoys excellent sunlight around the lunch hour, 11–12 am.
Rostockgata has most sunlight around 3 pm. The market in the southwestern corner of B8a enjoys excellent sunlight until early evening, 7–8pm
Oslo, the Fjord City, Bjørvika and Bispevika Culture as a tool
Bjørvika is intimately linked to the City
By
Operagata
5s Håkon
1
By
Dronning Eufemias gate Kong
Oslo S 3 1 2
Public spaces
24
gt
Harbour Prom-
The Fjord City views culture as a tool for making the city and fjord attractive and accessible to everybody.
Some of the streets and plazas in Bispevika are part of larger municipal structures, making the district an integral part of Oslo city centre.
When Bjørvika is completed, its concentration of key national cultural institutions will make this part of Oslo a driving cultural force, nationally as well as internationally.
- Interconnected public squares link these areas to their surroundings and visually unite Oslo with the fjord.
Its strategic location close to the Oslo Central Station makes Bispevika very accessible to tourists and commuters. In addition to supporting the elite cultural institutions, it is essential that Bispevika offers a complimentary cultural life appealing to broader segments of the population. Examples of this are the International Museum of Children’s Art, and small and intimate cultural venues. This is how The Fjord City’s and OSU’s visions for Bispevika will be realized.
- Bjørvika’s main artery is Dronning Eufemias gate, which structurally and logistically ties Bjørvika to Gamlebyen (Old Town of Oslo) to the east and Kvadraturen to the west. - Operagaten links the key national cultural institutions in this area, and forms a vital connection between Kvadraturen and Bispevika. - The Harbour Promenade is a beautiful pedestrian commons that allows the public to experience the fjord up close. The Harbour Promenade will be developed into a continuous unbroken path through all parts of the Fjord City. - From the south and east, Kong Haakon Vs gate is the primary approach to Oslo’s city centre. It will be flanked by buildings only through Bispevika, crossing the railroad lines near Oslo Central Station.
25
Levels of Intensity: Global <––> Local
The Fjord City
High
Low
Bispevika is the meeting point between the busy and globally-oriented north, and the local residential town to the south. To the northeast, Bispevika borders Oslo Central Station and Barcode, and an area containing key cultural institutions that include the Opera House, the new Munch Museum and Oslo Public Library. This area is actually an international cultural hub, with a constant stream of visitors and lively activity throughout the year. To the south, Bispevika borders Sørenga, which is primarily a residential area, but also includes the sea bath that is amongst Oslo’s most popular attractions. Along the Harbour Promenade, on the west side of Sørenga, are a number of public amenities in street-level locales. The intensity and public character of Sørenga will vary between a rather private residential area, and a district that is lively and draws many visitors on fine summer days.
*Byrumsprogram for havnepromenaden. 2006 Gehl Architects
The development plans for Bispevika underscore and amplify the Fjord City’s vision by calling for a more scattered distribution of buildings towards the fjord. This creates a porosity that serves to draw the fjord in towards Rostockgata and Operagata, physically as well as visually. In essence, this allows the fjord to be of paramount importance as an urban feature, as well as fulfilling Fjord City’s objective of making the fjord accessible in varied and exciting ways. Even from Dronning Eufemias gate, the proximity to and contact with the fjord will be apparent, as one peers along the series of public squares. The adjoining alleys and side-passages invite exploration. The structure of Bispevika’s development is intended to enrich the Fjord City with qualities in tune with its stated objectives and principles, and in accord with Bjørvika’s zoning plan.
26
Bispevikaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s constituent areas and totality
The diagram shows the civic spaces of Bispevika. As the description on the preceding pages make clear, a number of the key public spaces play roles and have characters that enrich more than Bispevika itself. It is useful to visualise Bispevika divided into various zones and sites. The colour codes in the diagram make this clear. Shared colour but of varying intensity indicate that civic spaces have the same typology; they may however vary with regards to contents, character and public use.
*Illustrative Plan Bispevika. 2013
1.3 Plans & Guidelines
Bjørvika and Bispevika are under transformation, from being a relative closed industrial and harbour area to becoming an open, accessible and attractive part of Oslo’s “The Fjord City”. As a part of Norway’s largest urban renewal project, the development is subject to the clear guidelines delineated in the applicable city area plans, information pamphlets and detailed area plans. These guidelines emphasise the important of civic spaces, such as the Harbour Promenade (Havnepromenaden) and the three main public squares. The present chapter gives an overview of the key guidelines for Bispevika, placing them in the context of the desired development of Bjørvika and the City of Oslo as a whole.
27
28
Municipal Plan 2015: Oslo From Now To 2030
Plan for Fjord City & the Harbour Promenade
Smart, safe and green
A central objective of the 2015 Municipal Plan was to ensure sustainable regional growth, while ensuring that growth happens in a manner that enhances the City of Oslo’s attractiveness and its competitive ability. Oslo profiles itself nationally and internationally as an attractive place to live and work, drawing desired expertise and talent from throughout the world. The Municipal Master Plan shall ensure a long-term and systematic development that increases the quality of life, decreases social disparities and improves public health. Oslo aims to be a friendly and hospitable city that is attractive for visitors and new residents.
Excerpt from the Fjord City Plan
SMART Objective 1 Norway’s knowledge capital Objective 2 A city viewed as attractive, nationally and internationally Objective 3 Smarter solutions to future challenges
SAFE Objective 1 A city that is safe, open and accessible Objective 2 Security of quality municipal services Objective 3 Everyone shall have the opportunity to lead a good and active life
GRØNN
The city of Oslo can be seen as the result of a thousand-year-long encounter between land and sea. Oslo’s identity, history and economic development is inextricably linked to this dynamism. The Fjord City shall vitalise, generate pride and a sense of identity, as well as secure public access to the waterfront and “its many pleasures and delights”. At the same time, the The Fjord City shall be open to the lifestyles of the future and the unexpected. The Fjord City shall connect the Oslo to the fjord by creating a municipal structure with good civic spaces and new recreational areas, and foster varied cultural activities. The basis of this development must be the environment, public access, and the area’s unique history. “The Fjord City shall be an arena for everyone, promoting diversity.” “The Fjord City shall foster creativity and innovation.” “The areas comprised by The Fjord City shall enable activities and recreation tied to both sea and land. The fjord is to be an integral part of the recreation areas.” “New development shall contain a mix of residential areas, cultural and recreational venues, and business premises, based on that area’s role and potential.”
Principles and Strategy Plan for the Harbour Promenade “The proposed Principles and Strategy Plan for the Harbour Promenade is the result of a multi-agency project by the City of Oslo. The proposal submitted to the City Council on 4 March 2014 is exempted from Freedom of Information legislation.
Mål 1 Internasjonalt ledende miljøby
“The Fjord City shall profile Oslo internationally, and be the welcoming face that greets travellers arriving by sea.
Mål 2 Styrke Oslos blågrønne preg
“Municipal planning and the architectural design of The Fjord City shall result in accessible public spaces with good qualities.”
Mål 3 Vekst gjennom kompakt byutvikling og banebasert fortetting
“The entire waterfront shall have an unbroken and publicly accessible Harbour Promenade.”
The Principles and Strategy Plan describes the intended character of the Harbour Promenade in Bjørvika and Bispevika/Sørenga as follows:
“Development planning shall take into account the cultural monuments in each partial area as well as in adjoining areas.”
- Bjørvika: Transport hub, knowledge, art and culture, beach. - Bispevika and Sørenga: Neighbourhood, urban, the historical roots of Oslo.
*Oslo mot 2030: Smart, trygg og grønn. 2015, Oslo Kommune
*Fjordbyplanen. 2011, PBE. Oslo Kommune
*Havnepromenaden i Oslo, Forslag til prinsipp-og strategiplan 2013, White Arkitekter + Rodeo Arkitekter + Marius Grønning
Zoning plans for Bispevika North and South Facts in brief Detailed zoning for Bispevika North and Bispevika South is bounded by Stasjonsallmenningen, Dronning Eufemias gate, the fjord, Kongsbakkeallmenningen, and Bispekilen’s canal and wharfs. The plan establishes a series of new civic spaces of varied size and scale, and which vary with regards to shielding and intimacy. Bispevika will be a district with 85–90 % residences. The Harbour Promenade will have terraced levels down to the waterfront, ensuring good public access to the fjord. In each partial area, the zoning plans call for dedicating 35 % of street-level locales to restaurants, cafés and pubs, and 15 % of the to cultural venues and offices. There are additional restrictions limiting the establishment of offices or residences on the ground floors of buildings that face important civic spaces, or spaces with prevalent traffic noise and poor air quality. Detailed zoning regulations define maximum total shop areas in the various sectors. So far, the plans have not had a detailed focus on public service functions. Street-level locales shall primarily be dedicated to: - Cafés, restaurants, pubs and bars - Cultural venues and offices - Shops As a consequence, there is little allowance for the establishment of public services in street-level locales. In addition, the fact that the zoning plan calls for a high percentage of residences makes it difficult to establish public services in the stories above this.
Zoning plans for public squares
29
Stasjonsallmenningen (development plan) This public space shall be designed to encourage a variety of activities, and serve as an attractive meeting place for children and young people. The southern part of this public square, which is expected to be attractive and lively throughout the day, year round, is ideal for leisure and recreation.
Stasjonsallmenningen
The plan shows cafés with outdoor seating along the buildings, with a reflective water feature and an area suitable for children at the heart of the space. Oslo’s Department of Planning and Building Services emphasises that nearby buildings must have facilities that will encourage activities to spill out into and enliven the area of Stasjonsallmenningen.
Kongsbakkeallmenningen Kongsbakken will be developed as a landscaped transition between the Medieval Park and the fjord. The area is to be made suitable for cultural activities and ball games, play and recreation, especially for small children
Kongsbakkeallmenningen
A sea bath will be established on the fjord, in direct extension of the park.
Bispekilen The zoning plan for Bispekilen prioritises public access to the water. Plans call for wooden wharf areas, outdoor seating, moorings for small boats, and terraces, stairs and ramps near pedestrian areas. There shall be non-commercial seating in pedestrian areas that is not tied to activities in the nearby buildings.
Bispekilen
30
Handbooks, Programmes and Theme Folders 1 Design handbook 2 Cultural Objectives Programme 3 Environmental Objectives Programme Design handbook Bispevika is a compact and multifunctional district. Development plans for the area will promote active use of the waterfront for recreation, cultural activities, cafés, restaurants and pubs. A hierarchy of public squares and civic spaces, as well as semi-public and private spaces, allows for considerable variation in their size, use and intensity. The Harbour Promenade shall have varied spatial sequences that fostera lively and varied social life by encouraging leisure, recreation, social contact, and public events and activities. The Harbour Promenade in the innermost part of Bispevika has qualities that give it considerable potential for socialising in its cafés and bars, recreation and urban events. The area may well play a key role in creating its own sense of identity for Bispevika.
Theme folders “Public places, and civic street spaces” The Harbour Promenade will be a varied commons, a space that appeals to a broad range of people, users of many age groups who have different interests. The Harbour Promenade provides varied access to the water itself, enabling different activities in its various areas and small inlets. Stasjonsallmenningen will be one of the most intense public squares, encouraging functions that underscore its unique identity, Bispekilen is to be well suited for people who live and work near the canal. An area for deploying small boats and kayaks for the local residents should be established. Kongsbakken attracts children and young people from the nearby housing units to play. As a result, this public space is characterised by the local life in this rim zone, and by the recreational activities that take place here.”
The public spaces Stasjonsallmenningen, south of Dronning Eufemias, is being developed into an extended space suitable for a variety of public amenities, cultural events and recreation. The adjoining buildings shall engage with and activate this public space. Bispevika (the “cove” itself) is a regional magnet for activities and recreation. The waterfront is terraced, creating a series of spaces that are human in scale, and ideal for relaxation and sports. In Bispevika people can enjoy time close to the fjord and experience the changes brought by the ebb and flow of tides.
*Bærekraft i Bjørvika. 2012, Bjørvika Infrastruktur
*Temaheftene Bjørvika. 2007, Gehl Architects + SLA + Hansen & Henneberg
Plans for civic spaces
31
(Zoning plans for Bjørvika, Bispevika and Lohavn) Content programmes for civic spaces
Lighting objectives :
Excerpt: Vision Promenade
1. Lighting shall accentuate selected features of Oslo’s topography, civic spaces and buildings.
for
Bispevika’s
Harbour
1. Uniting a unique waterfront The vision for Bispevika is to unite its waterfront and give it a unique character, fostering the area’s intimacy as well as its intensity. Its identity and varied functions shall be a hallmark, making it one of Oslo’s truly attractive destinations. 2. Good contact with the city centre The objective is to create clear and close ties between Bispevika and Oslo city centre. 3. Varied city life The vision is to have a thriving city life in Bispevika throughout the day, as a natural extension of its daytime activities. The district’s cultural life, cafés and restaurants, recreational and residential activities become clear elements that combine create a clear identity.
2. The lighting shall be energy efficient, while the lighting’s intensity shall be adapted to the season and time of day.. 3. Lighting shall allow people to move about easily and securely, and it shall enhance traffic safety 4. Lighting shall also ensure safety and security in the most intensely used areas, while increasing the sense of security in other areas.
Concept Soft, warm and white Nordic light that highlights the city topography and the various parts of the city centre
4. Varied intensity Bispevika will offer varied density and intensity. As one moves further into Bispevika, one can expect to encounter more people and increasing activity.
The fjord and the hills that define the framework of the city centre shall have subtle and muted lighting. The aim is for the natural balance and simplicity that is also the core concept in Nordic design and architecture.
5. Optimal climate year round All of Bispevika enjoys excellent sunlight conditions from 11:00 until 19:00. The intention of the Harbour Promenade is to ensure good public access to the waterfront and its many pleasures and delights, winter as well as summer. The Harbour Promenade will offer fantastic recreational spaces, cafés and restaurants year round.
Quality lighting throughout the entire area is a priority. For pedestrians, cyclists and drivers, a soft white light shall underscore context and continuity. Whereas the lighting of façades, public squares and civic places, sculptures and trees shall define their variation and uniqueness, while underscoring the district’s identity and making the structure of the city centre more visible.
6. Fruitful synergy of multiple use There shall be a positive synergy between recreation and activities in civic spaces, cafés and other commercial life, and the local community.
*Byrumsprogram for havnepromenaden. 2006 Gehl Architects
Fjord City Key elements of the Fjord City that should be enhanced are the coves and promontories, the Harbour Promenade, public squares, and flagship buildings. *Belysningsplan for Oslo Sentrum. 2011, PBE. Oslo Kommune
Lighting along the Harbour Promenade must give a sense of continuity along the entire waterfront. Specific areas may be contrasted through the use of unique lighting concepts that are nonetheless integrated into a comprehensive vision for the waterfront. For example, the wharfs of Bjørvika may be enhanced by glittering lighting. The lighting in public squares and civic spaces shall be subordinated where they are crossed by the Harbour Promenade. The lighting in public squares shall underscore their expanse, as well as their relationship to the city beyond. The lighting of building façades along the waterfront must be in accordance with a hierarchy that gives most prominence to flagship buildings and other buildings of importance.
Summary: Guidelines for key public places in Bispevika
Bispekilen
Stasjonsallmenningen Shops
Public services/offices
Food/Refreshments
Shops
Public services/offices
nsa llm
en
nin
ge n
Food/Refreshments
Food/Refreshments
Activity
Opphold
Lingering and leisure
Lingering and leisure
Activities on the fjord
Aktivity
Sta sjo
Play
nad en
Bispekilen
nep rom e
Havnepromenaden Food/Refreshments
Shops
Kongsbakken Public services/offices
Food/Refreshments
Shops
Public services/offices
Hav
32
Food/Refreshments
Activities on the fjord
Kong
sbak
ken
Lingering and leisure
Sea bath
Play
Activity
Activity
Lingering and leisure
1.4 Attraktivitet og livskvalitet OSU aims to develop Bjørvika into the most attractive borough in Norway. An evaluation of whether this vision is realized, and to what degree, depends on our definition of attractiveness. Attractiveness is a qualitative concept that is often used variably; it depends on economic, social and cultural factors, on time and place, professional roles, as well as personal preferences. The present chapter examines various definitions and parameters for evaluating attractiveness and quality of life. In this way, we can arrive at an understanding of parameters that are relevant to Bispevika.
$$$ Inherent attraction
Generic facilitation
X factor
Norwayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s most attractive urban neighbourhood
The success criteria listed in Chapter 2.1 are based on this.
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‘‘Cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because, and only when, they are created by everybody’’
Who defines attractiveness? The development of Bjørvika and Fjord City is a prestigious project for the district’s developers, as well as the City of Oslo, its city council and executive board. If Bispevika is to be defined and perceived as the most attractive urban neighbourhood in Norway, we must take into account how different users, and interested parties define attraction. On the basis of this review, some important common denominators shall be extracted. The definition of attraction should be empirically supported, so that Bispevika’s Urban Floor Plan can be based on concrete factors
that reflect how the citizens of Oslo actually use their city. The following section examines what criteria various evaluators have considered when analysing what is attractive. ‘’Bylivsundersøkelsen for Oslo” Quality-of-Life Analysis for Oslo City Centre (Gehl Architects for the cooperation group: Levende Oslo, 2014) charts and analyses how the city centre is used; this forms an important basis for the current work on Bispevika. Gehl’s methodology includes among othera physical counting supplemented by interviews of people’s preferences and dislikes about Oslo. This ex-
amination will now form part of the empirical basis for the success criteria and guidelines to be defined in Bispevika’s Urban Floor Plan.
Jane Jacobs
The dictionary definition of Attraction*: 1. A thing or place that draws visitors by providing something of interest or pleasure 2. A quality or feature of something or someone that evokes interest, liking, or desire. * Oxford English Dictionary
OSU
City of Oslo – Municipal Plan 2015
City of Oslo – The Fjord City Plan
A strategic platform for commerce in Bjørvika
Oslo From Now To 2030: Smart, Safe and Green
1. Unique experiences - Fjord City - Cultural hub
3. Quality - Priority of civic spaces - Spectacular architecture
1. Smart - Norway’s knowledge capital - A city viewed as attractive, nationally and internationally - Oslo shall draw expertise and talent from throughout the world - Oslo shall be a leading international city of culture - The Oslo region shall market itself aggressively, nationally as well as internationally - The competitive ability and value creation of the Oslo region shall be strengthened - Smarter solutions to future challenges
Principles for a comprehensive urban development of Fjord City and its various areas
4. Innovative - The organic allotment gardens of Herligheten at Losæter - Surprising solutions
2. Trygg - Trygg, åpen og tilgjengelig by
2. Accessible and seamless - A simpler day - All your needs in your community
- Trygghet for å få kommunale tjenester med kvalitet - Alle skal ha muligheter for et godt og aktivt liv 3. Green - A city that is an international environmental leader - Strengthen Oslo’s blue-green character - Growth through compact urban development linked to public transport
1. Fjord City’s role and content Ensuring public access to the pleasures and delights of the waterfront 2. Civic spaces and the urban structure Ensuring public access, variation, and a diversity of uses for the areas 3. Architectonic qualities, the landscape and cultural monuments An integrated urban structure with good civic spaces, new recreational areas and cultural activities 4. Sustainable development Openness to the lifestyles of the future, and the unexpected 5. Public access and transport A comprehensive public transport system that meets the public need for safety, reliable service and recreation 6. Process and participation Broad public participation and full openness about the political decisions and processes concerning the development of the Fjord City
‘‘People tend to sit where there are places to sit’’
Who defines attractiveness?
‘‘What attracts people most, it would appear, is other people’’
William H. Whyte
Nordic City Network
Alain de Botton - The school of life
William Whyte - The Street life project
Gehl Architects
Nordic cities core values 2014
How to make an attractive city 2015
The Social life of small urban spaces
Quality-of-Life Analysis for Oslo City Centre, 2014
1. Sense of community - Strengthening people’s engagement - Possibilities for public meetings - Meet individual needs for self-expression
1. Variation and order - Organised complexity
1. Relationship to the street - It is the river of life of the city - How the street meets the plaza is key for its success
More activity and a livelier city centre
2. Make the place sittable - Sitting spaces allow for congregations - Most people prefer moveable chairs, since they give the feeling of choice and being in control
2. Desire for fresh air and natural scenery
3. Sun - Its not about the amount of sun, but the access to light - Sun really only has importance in the colder months
5. More children and more senior citizens
2. Solidarity - Increase multi-functionality of spaces - High degree of trust 3. Democracy - Building links between people and places - Providing new types of physical meeting spaces 4. Inclusion - Inclusive learning environments - Open and integrated cities - Include all forms of knowledge 5. Trust - Informal spaces include rather than exclude - Inclusion helps to build trust among citizens and decision makers. 6. Equality - Establishing connections to regional networks - Equal access to welfare institutions 7. Flexibility - Openness as basis for synergetic opportunities - Exploration and adaptation to our environment 8. Respect for nature - Nature as an integrated part of the city - Preservation, access and use of nature
2. Visible life - Life in the city is on display 3. Compactness - Civic spaces may offer an expansion of life at home 4. Orientation and mystery - Balance between large and small streets 5. Scale - Density, height and distance 6. A sense of the local - A city needs a strong character, and must be beautiful
4. Food - If you want to fill the place with activity, place food - Become meeting spaces, it attracts people 5. Water - It serves as a buffer against harsh noise - The sound, the look and the feeling of it 6. Trees - Create microclimate, shade, cooling, protection, beauty - Trees decrease the glare index 7. Triangulation - External stimuli that prompt strangers to talk, a happening, art.
1. Considerable interest in the environment and health
3. Cultural events 4. Smaller households + a richer public life
6. Access to the waterfront
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Quality-of-Life Analysis for Oslo City Centre The development of activities in public spaces This diagram from the quality of life analysis for Oslo city centre (Gehl Architects) show that the public’s use of the city today is linked primarily to optional activities. The development of the most attractive urban neighbourhood in Norway must therefore be such that it encourages optional activities – and furthermore inspires people to perform those activities precisely in Bispevika.
Aktive
In their analysis, Gehl Architects points to the following themes as being the keys to fostering a rich and attractive city life:
Optional activities
Passive
- Considerable interest in the environment and health - Desire for fresh air and natural scenery - Cultural events - Smaller housing units + a richer public life - More children and more senior citizens - Access to the waterfront
Necessary activities 1880
1900
1910
1920
Necessary activities are carried out independently of the quality of the public space.
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Optional activities require public spaces of high quality.
“Necessary activities include activities that are more or less demanded, as well as daily tasks such as walking to school or work, waiting for the bus, shopping for food etc. Only to a minimal degree are these dependent on the physical conditions of our environment. “Optional activities are based on desire, and depend on whether the area in question enables and inspires that activity. That might be taking a walk to enjoy fresh air, linger amongst other people, or just sit and enjoy the sunshine. These activities only happen when conditions are really good, and when the weather and space invite them.” *Bylivsundersøkelse Oslo Sentrum, Gehl Architects 2014
Quality-of-Life Analysis for Oslo City Centre
Quality-of-Life Analysis for Oslo City Centre by Gehl Architects was carried out for Levende Oslo, a joint venture project by the City of Oslo and the business community. The objective was to arrive at a joint understanding of people’s lives in the Oslo city centre, and to give concrete recommendations for strategies and measures that can make the city more available, lively and attractive.
The registration of the flow of pedestrians, and the varied use of civic spaces, reveals considerable variations in activity levels between autumn, winter and summer. Oslo is a city with well-defined seasons, and weather conditions have a strong impact on how public spaces are used and experienced.
*
For instance, Stranden by Aker Brygge shows dramatic seasonal variations, with five times as many pedestrians during the summer as in the winter. The contrast become even more striking when the activity levels registered take into account the duration of people’s stay.
Christian Frederiks Plass
Bankplassen
Operaplassen
Christiania Torv
Akershusstranda
Stranden
Operaplassen
OPPHOLDSAKTIVITETER LØRDAG LINGERING ACTIVITIES SATURDAYS 1:15.000
Kl 10-20, lørdag, høst, vinter og sommer, 2012/2013
* Vinfestival
The same is true for other attractive areas, such as the Opera and Olaf Ryes Plass. On pedestrian streets and hubs there is less variation between summer and winter. Jernbanetorget, Solli Plass and Torggata have more stable and permanent user groups, and will thus experience fewer seasonal variations.
**Skøyteaktiviteter
89
Gehl Architects · www.gehlarchitects.dk
STRANDEN
TORGGATA MIDT
FOTGJENGERTALL: GJENNOM
FOTGJENGERTALL: GJENNOMSNITT/TIME
4000
3620
TORGGATA MIDT
TORGGATA MIDT
PEDESTRIANS: AVERAGE PER HOUR FOTGJENGERTALL: GJENNOMSNITT/TIME
1251
Helg
861
HØST
FOTGJENGERTALL: GJENNOMSNITT/TIME VINTER SOMMER
HØST
1294
809
Helg
Helg
632
Hverdag
1591
Hverdag
1187
Helg
FOTGJENGERTALL: GJENNOMSNITT/TIME
Hverdag
TORGGATA MIDT
Helg
STRANDEN
Hverdag
2292
Hverdag
3069
Like least - Garbage - Traffic - Noise - Beggars - Overcrowding - Drug abuse - Construction work
VINTER
TORGGAT
PEDESTRIANS: AVERAGE PER HOUR FOTGJENGERTALL: GJENNOMSNITT/TIME 4000 fotgjengere/timen
3620 3069
HØST
8
9
HØST
10
VINTER
11
12
13
14
Værmåling: Klart, max 10, min 2
15
17
18
19
20
21
1445
WEEKEND Helg
WEEKDAYS Hverdag
WEEKEND Helg
WEEKDAYS Hverdag
WEEKEND Helg
WEEKDAYS Hverdag
1251
Winter
Summer Helg
Hverdag
Autumn
Kl.
8
9
HØST HØST
VINTER
10 Værmåling: 11 12 Klart, 13 max 14 10, 15 min162 17
18
19
20
21
Kl.
2754
8
3048
3456 2706
750 480 438 522 612 666
882
11
12
13
3456
4000 3288 3324
2706
2130 4000
14
1020
15
9 Værmåling: 10 11 Klart, 12 max 13 10, 14 min 15-6 16
Værmåling: Klart, max 20, min 11 4080 4176 4230
2754
2286
SOMMER
Værmåling: Klart, max -2, min -6
2286
894
21 624 648 Kl. 8 9 10 SOMMER VINTER
VINTER
3048
4080 4176 423
732
1445 1294 1014 1050 1251 828 1002 1032 624 720 VINTER 606 642 861 809534 HØST 534 486 468 366SOMMER 732
882 786 5761067811 64212 642 13 14 15 654 16 528 17 444 18 276 19 20 372 300 Kl. 354 8474 9
546 618
SOMMER
16
861
Helg
1008
4000 fotgjengere/timen
1294
Hverdag
954 882
SOMMER
732 1482 1572 1656 1410 Summer 1308Winter 1230 861
809
Helg
354 192 408
1445
Hverdag
Autumn
1251 VINTER
HVERDAG
WEEKDAYS Hverdag
HØST 809
Hverdag
Helg
WEEKEND
1294
632
1591
FOTGJENGERE
Kl.
1187
Helg
HVERDAG
2292
FOTGJENGERE
*Bylivsundersøkelse Oslo Sentrum, Gehl Architects 2014
Kontraskjæret
Rådhus havn
Christian Frederiks Plass
G
Gehl viser til trygghet, komfort og nytelse som de viktigst kriteriene for at en by skal oppleves attraktiv for både lokale og besøkende. Bylivsundersøkelsen benytter en spørreundersøkelse som metode for å kartlegge hvordan folk bruker og oppfatter byen . Hva folk er mest og minst fornøyd med benyttes som underlag for å drøfte hvordan man kan skape byrom som er mer attraktive og inkluderende.
Rådhusplassen
Bryggetorget
Hverdag WEEKDAYS Hverdag
Survey data
Jernbanetorget
Fridtjof Nansens Plass Wessels Plass
FOTGJENGERE
Christiania Torv
The registration of people and their activities in defined public spaces yields quantitative data about how people use their city, while the questionnaire survey casts light on the city’s challenges and potentials, as seen from a user perspective.
Like most - The parks - People - The urban pulse - Shops - Cafés and restaurants - Cultural events - The fjord
Domkirken
Jernbanetorget
AG
Stranden
Bankplassen
Sommer Summer
Stortings Plass
Rådhusplassen
Kontraskjæret
Vinter Winter
Vaterlandsparken
Domkirken
FOTGJENGERE
Bryggetorget
Vaterlandsparken
FOTGJENGERE
Fridtjof Nansens Plass Wessels Plass
on a bench
Arbeider Samfundets Plass
Eidsvolls Plass
Solliplass
During the summer, warm sunny days draw people outside, enlivening the city. During the winter, well-planned and well-defined activities are needed to enliven the city.
Helg
Stortings Plass
Sitting Stående Høst Autumn
0
area
Stortorvet
Universitets Plassen
WEEKEND
The geographic area of the analysis coincides with Levende Oslo’s area of focus, which comprises Oslo’s commercial centre. The analysis uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to unveil a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of city life.
Youngstorget
Arbeider Samfundets Plass
Helg
Eidsvolls Plass
Oluf Ryes Plass
Sankt Olavs Plass
Johanne Dybwads Plass
Hverdag
Solliplass
Youngstorget
Karl Johans fortauet
Spikersuppa
Tullinløkka
WEEKDAYS
Stortorvet
Universitets Plassen
500 **
Hverdag
Johanne Dybwads Plass
Oluf Ryes Plass
Commercial activities Lekende barn Liggende Children playing Sittende på sekundære sitteplasser Reclining Sittende på kaféstoler Sitting in a secondary seating Sittende på benker Sittingpåintransport a café chair Ventende
1000
Helg
Sankt Olavs Plass
WEEKEND
Karl Johans fortauet
71%
Helg
Spikersuppa
Tullinløkka
Fysiske aktiviteter Physical activities Kulturelle aktiviteter Cultural activities Kommersielle aktiviteter
1500
BYLIV: OPPHOLD
Pedestrian numbers
During the winter, 71 % Påofvintertid utgjør av lingering is people just oppholdsaktivitetene mennesker standing around or waiting som bare står, eller står og venter public transport. påfor transport.
ANALYSE
Objective and methods
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16
17
12
17
18
38
The quality of life in metropolitan areas Monocle
Mercer
The Economist - Intelligence Unit
Mastercard
Quality of Life Survey
The Quality of Living Index
Liveability Ranking
2015 Global Destination Cities Index
1. Political and social environment 2. Economic environment 3. Social and cultural environment 4. Medical and health care system 5. Schools and education 6. Public services and transport 7. Recreation 8. Consumer goods 9. Residential qualities 10. Natural surroundings
1. Stability 2. Health care 3. Culture and the environment 4. Education 5. Infrastructure
1. Weekly flight departures 2. Passenger capacity 3. Overnight stays by foreign visitors 4. Number of paid overnight stays 5. Spending by tourists
1. Tokyo, Japan 2. Vienna, Austria 3. Berlin, Germany 4. Melbourne, Australia 5. Sydney, Australia 6. Stockholm, Sweden 7. Vancouver, Canada 8. Helsinki, Finland 9. München, Germany
1. Vienna, Austria 2. Zurich, Sveits 3. Auckland, New Zealand 4. München, Germany 5. Vancouver, Canada 6. Düsseldorf, Germany 7. Frankfurt, Germany 8. Genève, Switzerland 9. Copenhagen, Denmark
1. Melbourne, Australia 2. Vienna, Austria 3. Vancouver, Canada 4. Toronto, Canada 5. Adelaide, Australia 6. Calgary, Canada 7. Sydney, Australia 8. Helsinki, Finland 9. Perth, Australia
1. London, UK 2. Bangkok, Thailand 3. Paris, France 4. Dubai 5. istanbul, Turkey 6. NYC, USA 7. Singapore 8. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 9. Hong Kong, China
.......... 23. Oslo, Norway
......... 31. Oslo, Norway
.......... 24. Oslo, Norway
......... not part of the study
*Quality of life survey 2015 . Monocle
*The Quality of Life Index 2015 . Mercer
*Global Liveability Ranking 2015. The Economist
*2015 Global Destinations City Index . Mastercard
Factors 1. Security / Crime 2. Medical services 3. Climate / Sunshine 4. International arrivals & departures 5. Public transport 6. Architectural quality 7. The environment and access to nature 8. The layout of the city 9. Business conditions 10. Proactive political developments 11. Tolerance
Rangering
The 50 Most Stylish Neighborhoods In The World
39
2. Harajuku Tokyo
4. Gastown Vancouver
7. Södermalm
authentic / historic / Louvre Museum /Tuileries Gardens / Seine / Paris Fashion Week
street fashion / young fashion / exciting architecture /
menswear / specialty shops / exclusive / Vancouver International Jazz Festival / start-ups
vintage clothing shops / co-working spaces / child-friendly areas
10. Brera Milan
21. Vesterbro
37. Zeeburg Amsterdam
41. Georgetown
Museo d’Arte e Scienza / artistic / local and exclusive shops / cafés and restaurants / pedestrian streets
galleries / night clubs / cycling culture / gourmet restaurants / innovators / designers
modern architecture / alternativ / outdoor art / common areas
menswear / specialty shops / student environment / dining
1.1st Arrondissement
Paris
*The 50 Most Stylish Neighborhoods in the World. 2012. Complex
Copenhagen
Stockholm
Washington
40
Ranking of the World’s Most Hip Neighbourhoods Vogue
Complex
Lonely Planet
Airbnb
Mapping Out the 15 Coolest Neighborhoods in the World
The 50 Most Stylish Neighborhoods in the World
10 neighbourhoods that have had incredible makeovers
Top 16 Trending Neighborhoods on Airbnb in 2016
¨The new street style marks a collective sartorial mindset that manages to be simultaneously chic and pragmatic¨
¨These are the places that emerge as destinations for unique fashion, style, and culture¨
¨From gritty to glossy, these 10 neighbourhoods around the world have been completely revamped into coveted places to live, work and play¨
¨... As we looked across these neighborhoods, some patterns emerged: art, food, outdoor experience and shopping ...¨
1. Shimokitazawa, Tokyo 2. West Queen West, Toronto 3. Södermalm, Stockholm 4. Toing Bahru, Singapore 5. Centro, Sao Paulo 6. Canal Saint Martin, Paris 7. Bushwick, NYC 8. Brera, Milan 9. Wynwood, Miami 10. Zona Rosa, Mexico D.F 11. Fitzroy, Melbourne 12. Silver Lake, LA 13. Hackney, London 14. Kreuzberg, Berlin 15. Dashanzi art district, Beijing
1. 1st Arrondissement, Paris 2. Harajuku, Tokyo 3. SoHo, NYC 4. Gastown, Vancouver 5. Kreuzberg, Berlin 6. Wynwood, Miami 7. Södermalm, Stockholm 8. Ladbroke Grove, London 9. Central District, Hong Kong 10. Brera, Milan 15. Silver Lake, LA 21. Vesterbro, København 25. Williamsburg, NYC 33. El Raval, Barcelona 37. Zeeburg, Amsterdam
1. Prenzlauer Berg, Berlin 2. Shoreditch, London 3. Kallio District, Helsinki 4. Naka-Meguro, Tokyo 5. Baixo Augusta, São Paulo 6. Florentin, Tel Aviv 7. Williamsburg, NYC 8. Grünerløkka, Oslo 9. CBD/Newtown, Johannesburg 10. Saint-Roch, Québec City
1.Chūō-ku, Osaka 2. Banglampoo, Bangkok 3. Brickfields, Kuala Lumpu 4. Capucins, Bordeaux 5. Koukaki, Athens 6. Triana, Seville 7. Hammerbrook, Hamburg 8. Kaneohe, Oahu, US 9. Meireles in Fortaleza, Brazil 10. Roma Sur, Mexico City 11. Oak Lawn, Dallas 12. Poncey-Highland, Atlanta 13. District VII, Budapest 14. The Bukit Peninsula, Bali 15. Richmond, Melbourne 16. Constitución, Buenos Aires
*Global Street Style Report: Mapping Out the 15 Coolest Neighborhoods in the World. 2014. Vogue
*The 50 Most Stylish Neighborhoods in the World. 2012. Complex
* Revamped: 10 neighbourhoods that have had incredible makeovers. 2013. Lonely PLanet
* 16 Neighborhoods to Visit in 2016*. Airbnb
Rangering
A transfer of values – Common denominators of great cities City life Common denominators for cities and neighbourhoods that are perceived as ‘best’ / ‘most stylish’ / ‘most hip’ People A mix of young and old, locals and foreigners, residents and visitors, and families with children
City life museums / galleries / street art / traditional and independent shops / cafés / night life / POP UP restaurants / shops / designer hotels / showrooms / gourmet restaurants history / digital solutions / co-working spaces / festivals (food, music, art) /
Architecture Exciting architecture / choice of materials / historical buildings / active façades
Civic spaces human scale, small streets / varied spaces / inviting city furniture / places to sit / playgrounds / city cycles / signage
Architecture
41
Civic spaces
42
PART 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; TOOLS 2.1 Success criteria 2.2 Concept 2.3 Guidelines
2.1 Success criteria
The success criteria specify how to realize Bispevika as the most attractive urban neighbourhood in Norway. The criteria address the present as well as the future (2040). These criteria are geographically oriented for a local, national as well international public â&#x20AC;&#x201C; for the City of Oslo as a whole, and at the borough and urban neighbourhood level (Bjørvika/Bispevika). The objective of the success criteria is to provide a framework for a comprehensive and sustainable urban development, which will make Bispevika a unique experience and define its identity.
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44
Success Criteria
1. Open and inclusive (Fjord City)
2. History and culture
3. Landscape + Environment
4. Civic spaces + Accessibility
In Bispevika the waterfront is accessible and adapted for public recreation. The fjord is thus experienced as an integral part of Bispevika’s generous network of public spaces.
Bispevika makes visible and amplifies the district’s historical importance and cultural significance.
Bispevika’s eco-friendly profile is reflected in the sustainable solutions evident in its structure, landscape, buildings and transport systems.
I Bispevika utspiller livet seg i byens offentlig tilgjengelige gater, byrom og parker.
5. Architecture
6. Lifestyle
7. Content Programme
8. Flexibility + Potential for change
Bispevika’s architecture underscores its identity, conveying that this is Oslo’s historical birthplace while also being the city’s most modern and innovative district.
Residents of Bispevika live in an urban environment. It is possible to live, work and enjoy a rich social life all within a five-minute walk
The shops and services of Bispevika will cover all daily needs at walking distance from home or workplace
Bispevika is dynamic. The district is organic, it breathes, pulses with constant change and evolves. That is why public places, civic spaces and the buildings themselves must be flexible and robust,
1. Open & Inclusive (Fjord City)
2. History & Culture
Bispevika tempts people with experiences that are rooted in the local environment, but which are also in tune with the dynamism of a pulsating and ever-changing world – “Bringing the world to Norway, and Norway to the world.”
Bispevika visually underscores and amplifies the district’s historical importance and cultural significance.
- Bispevika is blue (waterfront), green and lush. - Bispevika offers generous public spaces that encourage activities and relaxation, and a rewarding contact with the fjord. - In Bispevika, the waterfront is accessible and adapted for public recreation. The fjord is experienced as an integral part of Bispevika’s generous network of public spaces. - The areas along the Harbour Promenade are ideal for activities as well as leisure, for social contact as well as tranquil solitude. - The Harbour Promenade offers a shifting programme of events, cultural expressions and unexpected experiences. - The Harbour Promenade offers experiences and activities during every season, and ever hour of the day. .
- As a tourist destination, Bispevika is experienced as an integral part of Bjørvika. Bispevika is in harmony with Bjørvika’s key cultural institutions – The Norwegian National Opera & Ballet, the new Munch Museum, Oslo Public Library. The cultural venues and events of Bispevika are varied and supplementary, making Bjørvika as a whole an incredibly multifaceted cultural destination. - Bispevika is history made visible. This is Oslo’s historical birthplace, and the place has a strong local identity, and yet the district is also modern and innovative, clearly conveying a character and lifestyles that look towards the future.
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46
3. Landscape & Environment
4. Civic spaces & Accessibility
Bispevika’s eco-friendly profile is reflected in the sustainable solutions evident in its structure, landscape, buildings and transport systems.
The life of Bispevika unfolds in the district’s pedestrian-friendly streets, civic space and parks.
In Bispevika, car-sharing is a simple and attractive alternative to owning your own car - Bispevika is clean – the district has clean water, clean air and clean surroundings. - The solutions that are inherent in Bispevika’s urban plan, buildings, landscape and greenery foster good microclimates and a healthy local environment. - Bispevika’s systems for handling surface runoff ensure thriving vegetation, encouraging biological diversity. - Bispevika makes it convenient as well as attractive to choose sustainable alternatives when shopping and the selection of services. - Bispevika has simple, well-designed solutions for rubbish, recycling and re-use. - In Bispevika, eco-friendly modes of transportation are attractive as well as convenient. Walking and cycling are generally the easiest and most pleasant means of transport
- Bispevika has a rich diversity of civic spaces that are suitable for lingering, recreation, play and other activities throughout the day and in every season. - Bispevika’s public places are functional, flexible arenas that are well-suited for permanent facilities, temporary functions, activities and events. - The civic spaces in Bispevika shall offer surprising experiences and unexpected solutions. - Bispevika’s public places and civic spaces vary greatly in scale, and are well-suited to a wide range of different social context: tranquil solitude, major social events, play dates for children in the park, barbecue parties – and even weddings by the seashore. - Bispevika’s civic spaces encourage physical activities by people of all ages, and regardless of cultural background and social status. - Bispevika has a lighting concept that accentuates selected features of the surroundings, helping to define the district’s character and qualities, providing overview and security. The intensity of the lighting amplifies how the various civic spaces are experienced, and varies according to the time of day and the season.
5. Architecture
6. Lifestyle
Bispevika’s architecture underscores its identity, conveying that this is Oslo’s historical birthplace while also being the city’s most modern and innovative district.
Bispevika is modern, green and urban, and the district invites people to enjoy healthy, active lifestyles with straightforward shopping choices.
- Bispevika’s buildings have a clear aesthetic sensibility and sensory qualities that make them welcoming. As a whole, the district provides a richly varied architectonic experience.
- Residents of Bispevika live in an urban environment. It is possible to live, work and enjoy a rich social life all within a five-minute walk.
- The quality of the buildings in Bispevika is robust and built to last.
- Bispevika is designed for a simple and yet richly varied daily life. All daily needs can be met in one’s immediate surroundings, with short walks to shops, child day-care centres, physicians, etc. This supports neighbourhood facilities and businesses while minimising the need for transport.
- The buildings create attractive transitions and dialogues with the adjoining public spaces, as well as between civic spaces and private zones. - Bispevika’s buildings reinforce the character and qualities of each nearby public space.
- Bispevika has easy access and plenty of space for cargo bicycles; it’s safe and easy to park your pushchair or baby carriage; there are plenty of suitable places to repair your bicycle, wax your skis, or paint the wooden chair you bought at the flea-market, etc. - Bispevika has a strong focus on public health. This urban neighbourhood is designed to encourage healthy choices and an active life.
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7. Content Programme
8. Flexibility & Potential for change
Bispevika is a lively district that offers a broad range of commercial, cultural and non-commercial experiences, round the clock. - Bispevika offers exciting and varied shopping that ranges from international brands to local specialty stores.
The buildings and public spaces of Bispevika are designed to allow change, enabling the district to transform its character and function to allow new uses, work patterns and lifestyles. Bispevika gives room for temporal expressions and offers a broad scope of new events, exhibitions and experiences.
- The shops and services of Bispevika will cover all daily needs, within a short walk from home or workplace.
- Temporary cultural expressions help make Bispevika accessible and attractive for all user groups.
- Bispevika offers public service functions, and low-threshold food services
- In Bispevika the events programme and activities, which fill public places with cultural content and diverse commercial offerings, are used to build and strengthen the urban neighbourhood’s identity. The ever-shifting selection of short-lived events is an opportunity to test out new ideas and encourage joint efforts, while ensuring that there is always something of interest to various user groups.
- Bispevika has a mix of established businesses and start-ups. The varied business community generates excellent synergies that enhance innovation and creativity. - The major cultural arenas of Bjørvika act as magnets for cultural live along the fjord. Bispevika’s cultural venues and events supplement those of Bjørvika, resulting in a richly varied cultural life. - The thriving city life, which is evident day and night, is enhanced by the combination of housing, shops, offices and public service functions throughout the area.
- Temporary cultural expressions help make Bispevika accessible and attractive for all user groups. - Some of Bispevika’s street level locales show temporary exhibitions. These offer cultural experiences and give a sense of security to the public spaces also after opening hours. - Street level commercial areas are designed so they can be easily transformed to meet new needs and functions. - Bispevika is designed to satisfy short-term as well as long-term needs for change. - Bispevika has room for contrast and variation, and the area is in constant flux. - By being in a state of constant flux, Bispevika is an urban area that is able to absorb new impulses, trends and lifestyles. This stimulates innovation and creativity
2.2 Concept Bispevika concept as a destination The concept behind Bispevika, #activeCITY («#aktivBY»), may be seen as the shared filter through which this urban neighbourhood is experienced. This concept is to be reflected in the plans for – and adaptation and design of – Bispevika’s street-level commercial and public spaces. #activeCITY embraces a certain perspective on city life, where buildings and public spaces are to a considerable degree used to encourage activity and interaction. From a public health perspective, Bispevika and its various amenities enable a healthy & sustainable lifestyle. #activeCITY motivates and inspires everyone involved to explore and challenge how the urban floor, public places and street spaces can encourage new activities and forms of interactions in Bispevika.
Background Bispevika’s destination concept was defined on a workshop where a broadly-composed interest group discussed various scenarios for the development of Bispevika. The concept of ActiveCITY received broad support, partly due to its focus on making Bispevika publicly accessible and on realizing the Fjord City’s democratic profile. The destination concept, in conjunction with the project’s guidelines and success criteria, are intended to be management tools that steer the development of the area, ensuring that Bispevika is a lively and inclusive urban neighbourhood that is perceived to have a unifying identity.
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#activeCITY shall: BISPEVIKA DESTINASJONSKONSEPT A focus on people
ASPIRERENDE IDE & OPPLEVELSESSIGNATUR
by enabling experiences and activities for people who live, work and visit Bispevika, in addition to having amenities that meet people’s daily needs.
ASPIRERENDE IDE Bydelen som utfordre for urban aktivisering.
Be dynamic
by enabling a broad range of physical, commercial, cultural and artistic experiences. Public places, installations in civic spaces, street furniture and street-level façades shall have flexibility and enabled varied use. Bispevika must be able to change its expression depending on the time of day and the seasons. The area will be subject to constant change, and as an urban neighbourhood it will absorb new impulses, trends and lifestyle that stimulate innovation and creativity.
Encourage participation
by establishing a network of social arenas, and a diversity of “platforms” that invite user participation and cooperation, enable exciting encounters and an active use of the city. Public spaces, street furniture, and street-level locales are subject to a conscious design and function as participatory platforms (places where people linger or meet, stages, atria, sitting groups, etc.).
- Please read more about the implementation of Bispevika’s destination concept in Guidelines, Chapter 4.
DYNAMIC DYNAMISK
DYNAMISK:
Lag av forskjellig materia kulturelle og kunstnerisk Kontinuerlig endring.
ACTIVE CITY ACTIVE CITY AKTIV BY FOCUS ON MENNESKET PEOPLE I FOKUS
PARTICIPATION DELTAGENDE
DELTAGENDE:
Bispevika inviterer folk ti fellesskap. En samarbeids
MENNESKET I FOK WHAT
What
How
HOW
Forstå folk som bor, arbeid menneskelig skala som støt
The experience of #activeCITY
SHOPPING / FASHION A metropolitan Scandinavian shopping destination that reflects the unique architecture and urban lifestyle of Bjørvika. A focus on Scandinavian and Nordic quality and design.
SHOPPING / OTHER Temporary and pop-ups. Co-working spaces. Creative agencies. Markets. Cultural players and quality-oriented specialty shops.
CULTURE Varied and engaging art and cultural events. High quality, but accessible and democratic.
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The experience of #activeCITY
FOOD Locally sourced, organic. Regional culinary traditions.
DINING Urban Scandinavian dining experiences. Norwegian and Nordic mixed with global food trends. Restaurants, convenience food and bars that satisfy people’s needs and desires at all hours of the day.
ACTIVE FAÇADES Engaging signs that are functional and help people navigate, while lending Bispevika a unique character. Scandinavian design. Balance the shopkeepers’ needs for exposure of their brand, while preserving an integrated expression for the district as a whole. Eclectic but controlled
2.3 Guidelines
These guidelines shall provide inspiration and guidance in the continuing effort to develop Bispevika into the most attractive urban neighbourhood in Norway. They delineate which qualities to strive for in the development of Bispevikaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s urban floor, especially street-level locales and the adjoining streets and public spaces. This chapter lists general guidelines that apply to all of Bispevika. In addition, there are specific guidelines for defined zones that are deemed to have special qualities and a unique character. These guidelines are not intended to be exhaustive. Additional ideas and suggested measures that can help realize the vision of Bispevika as the most attractive urban neighbourhood in Norway are most welcome.
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Zones Street-level locales To aid in the cultivation of Bispevika into a multifunctional district with a strong identity, the neighbourhood has been divided into several zones. Each zone is assigned a different role and has its own character, so that various zones may attract different user groups and stimulate different activities.
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The diagram show a rough division of streetlevel locales (used for shops, cafés and culture) into different thematic zones. .
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The seven zones of Bispevika are:
1. Havnepromenaden 2. Dronning Eufemias gate 3. Allmenningene
food
star tpub up / lic s ervi ce
chil d cult ren/ ure
& re
fres
This variation creates a diversity of function and civic spaces within the plan as a whole.
neig stre hborho et od
hme n
ts
The street level of Bispevika is divided into seven zones, each with a distinct character. This character is defined largely by the types of shops, cafés and cultural activities in the street-level locales, as well as in the physical adaptations and qualities of the streets and public places, and how these interact.
4. Operagata 5. Rostockgata 6. Kong Håkon 5s gate 7. Plasser og byrom
Streets and public
s
offic
e
e
food & refreshments
Streets and public spaces
food
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Street-level locales
What defines the character of different zones? With their distinct character and content, the seven zones of Bispevika will offer a diversity of functions and public spaces within a unified plan. The synergies that arise between users and activities are intended to ensure that Bispevika is experienced as inclusive and dynamic. The following pages review the roles and characters of the seven zones, and the guidelines that help cultivate them. This includes an overview over the types of use and users in the respective zones, including which user groups are prioritised, based on the analyses in this document. There are six categories of users: (1) residents, (2) people who work in Bispevika, and businesses, (3) local visitors (from the adjacent districts of Grønland, Gamlebyen and Kvadraturen), (4) visitors from other parts of Oslo, (5) visitors from the region, (6) tourists from Norway and abroad.
Scandinavian urbanism
Food & Refreshments
100 % accessible to the public
The Harbour Promenade Spectacular design
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Visitors from Oslo Necessary / Optional
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Knowledge about a zoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s use and user groups, and a definition of which are prioritised, form the basis for formulating content programmes and detailed plans for each zone. For instance, identifying the priority user group enables measures to make the zone as attractive as possible for this group, while also discussing what might increase other types of use â&#x20AC;&#x201C; and whether or not that would be optimal.
DEG
Shopping destination
A diversity of themes
Temporary Public spaces
Dynamic
BISPEVIKA
Operagata
The residents Necessary / Optional
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Shopping & Culture
Active corners and rim zones
A creative business community Kong Haakon 5s gate
Local street life
Rostockgata
Lively and richly varied
Shopping & Services
Places & Civic spaces
Functional
Facing east
The Harbour Promenade The Harbour Promenade is the most important public space in Bispevika; in fact, the promenade embodies the essence of Fjord City’s vision of reclaiming the fjord and waterfront for the people of Oslo. Due to its location facing west, and its proximity to Bjørvika’s key destinations (cultural, transport, recreation), the Harbour Promenade will become an extremely desirable venue for strolls, leisure and a variety of activities. As an attractive public space, the Harbour Promenade has immense potential to create a strong sense of local identity, as well as become a defining feature for how Bispevika, Bjørvika and the Fjord City are perceived by others. From a functional viewpoint, the key role of the Harbour Promenade is to create an attractive meeting point with the fjord. In the diagram below, local residents and visitors from other parts of Oslo are defined as the most important target groups. Contingent on a good architectural design, the Harbour Promenade might well become an attraction in its own right, for the citizens of Oslo as well as tourists from Norway and abroad
Food & Refreshments
Content Programme
Food & Refreshments
Activities on the water
Culture
Promenading
Facilities
Bicycle stands
Bicyclesharing
Seating
Outdoor tables
Toilets
Art
100 % accessible to the public
Temporality
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Visitors from the region
The Harbour Promenade
Spectacular design
Necessary / Optional
Tourists from Norway and abroad
Visitors from Oslo
Users
Qualities
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Priority user group
Local visitors Grønland/ Gamlebyen/ Kvadraturen Residents Local employees and businesses
100 % accessible to the public
Spectacular design
The accessibility of the Harbour Promenade is vital to fulfilling Fjord City’s vision of reclaiming the fjord for the City of Oslo. Public “ownership” of the fjord is contingent on true access; in other words, the Harbour Promenade must enable public use of the waterfront, and it must become attractive for leisure, socialising and meeting friends.
The City of Oslo aims to be more competitive internationally; Bispevika aims to become Norway’s most attractive residential and business community. The Harbour Promenade has, therefore, an immense potential to become a highly attractive public space, as well as to generate a strong sense of local identity, and to become the defining feature for how Bispevika, Bjørvika and Fjord City are perceived by others.
Contact with the fjord The Harbour Promenade will offer many ways to come in contact with the fjord: just savouring the views, dangling your feet over the water from a wharf, wading, or being out in a boat. Use of the fjord The Harbour Promenade is a springboard for waterfront activities, making the fjord a natural and essential part of Bispevika’s generous network of public spaces. New commercial activities shall further encourage and enable use of the fjord: kayak and rowboat hire, etc. Social and solitary leisure The Harbour Promenade invites young and old to enjoy leisure by the fjord. While some zones will be ideal for various social activities, other places must allow solitude, good conversation, or a gathering of family or friends. Activity & play The Harbour Promenade itself, as well as its furnishings and facilities, should be designed to invite activity and play. Adapted to the weather The Harbour Promenade will have sheltered spaces that may be used also on days with poor weather. Some of these sheltered spaces must be non-commercial. Public amenities The Harbour Promenade shall have the necessary public amenities to allow extended stays at the waterfront.
Architectonic qualities Particular attention shall be given to the design of the Harbour Promenade, with the aim of creating a public spaces that is an attraction in its own right, making Bispevika a new and desirable destination in Bjørvika. Havnepromenaden skal være et identitetsskapende element med sterke estetiske og funksjonelle kvaliteter som tilbyr uventede opplevelser og inviterer til kreativ bruk. Kunst og belysning på promenaden og i fjorden skal aktivt benyttes for å skape interessante situasjoner og overraskende opplevelser. Variation and unity In Bispevika, the design and content programme of the Harbour Promenade shall be in accord with and express the district’s unifying identity, while establishing a large degree of variation and ensuring that a broad range of experiences are offered. Such harmony and variation can be generated in a variety of ways, for instance through the consistent use of design elements and materials throughout the area. Along selected stretches of the Harbour Promenade, visual echoes may be attained through the repetition of certain elements, while considerable variation in form, expression and materials may still enliven the user experience. Although divided into zones, with individual design and content, the Harbour Promenade in Bispevika is to be perceived as a unified area.
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Food and Refreshments
Temporality
Thanks to its magnificent location, evening sun and pulsating life, the Harbour Promenade will offer some of the best food and refreshment venues in Oslo. Cafés and restaurants, pubs and bars will further reinforce the area’s attractiveness, amplifying the Harbour Promenade’s role as a multi-faceted, inclusive and democratic space.
Short-lived events and temporary offers add attraction that supplements the city’s permanent institutions, features and qualities. The facilities along the Harbour Promenade shall enable short-lived exhibitions, events and activities that reinforce the dynamism of this very inclusive public space. The Harbour Promenade shall be a democratic and universally accessible space.
Multifaceted and inclusive The harbour will have a variety of venues for dining and drink, ranging from inexpensive to exclusive, from fast food to slow food. This might include well-known names, as well as innovative enterprises, and perhaps even experimental short-lived venues. This objective calls for many venues with distinctly different profiles. The variation is sure to enrich the experience of people along the Harbour Promenade. Moreover, this great variety will enable a broad range of people to find their favourite venue on the Harbour Promenade. The multiplicity of choice ensures a dynamic public space that is inclusive and democratic. The proximity to the fjord must be reflected in high-quality seafood being served in venues along the promenade. Soft zones and façades The soft zones and façades shall also add qualitative experiences to the Harbour Promenade after closing time. Outdoor tables must not be permanently fenced in; they should be experienced as part of the public space rather than privatised and separated areas. Guidelines will be formulated for façades, signage, awnings, parasols, outdoor furniture etc. in the commercial establishments along the Harbour Promenade. These guidelines will ensure that the quality, functional and aesthetic experience reflects the democratic profile of the Harbour Promenade
Seasonal experiences Flexible outdoor areas along the Harbour Promenade offer venues for short-lived activities throughout the year. The Harbour Promenade will host a number of regular seasonal events, drawing visitors from throughout the Oslo and the region beyond. This will give Bispevika added coverage in local, national and international media. Temporary activities Certain spaces along the Harbour Promenade shall be designated for short-lived events, be they cultural, recreational or commercial. These can be valuable spaces in the development phase of new programs or uses. They can be “test-beds” that serve to enliven areas and attract people to the area while the concept is being refined, or “laboratories” that test concepts before implementation on a permanent basis. Short-lived activities shall be actively used to draw people to the area. . The pop-up strategy Vacant units may be offered for such shortlived activities at a favourable rent. That gives a rather rapid turnover of activities, something that helps cultivate rich variation and dynamism in the Harbour Promenade area. The pop-up strategy has many applications, including art, local design, local products, etc.
Experiencing the Harbour Promenade Fjord, seafront, maritime, restaurants, seafood, boats, fishing, swimming. Nordic cuisine mixed with international impulses.
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Dronning Eufemias gate Dronning Eufemias gate, sometimes abbreviated DEG, is Bjørvika’s main street, connecting it to the city centre as well as Gamlebyen (Old Town of Oslo). The street is a wide avenue, generously dimensioned to prioritise public transport, cyclists and pedestrians. The tram rails have been laid in a green zone, separated from the adjoining car lanes by trees. On both sides of the street are wide sidewalks, with 110 small street benches. The street furniture chosen and the greenery used are of high quality. For the observant, the trees offer a journey from East to West, as they are selected from the Far East, the Caucasus, Europe, and North America. For visitors arriving via Oslo Central Station, Dronning Eufemias gate constitutes their first encounter with Bjørvika. As Oslo’s new showcase boulevard, it has a global role to play, as does the new prestigious borough of Bjørvika, which is putting Oslo more firmly on the map as a tourist destination, and as a destination for talented employees from around the world. These are prioritised user groups, in addition to Bjørvika’s own employees.
Content Programme
Shops
Bevertning
Office
Greenery
Facilities
Bicycle stands
Toilets
Street furniture
Public
Information
Bicyclesharing
Art
Flags
Scandinavian urbanism
Necessary / Optional
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Priority user group Tourists from Norway and abroad Visitors from the region
Dronning Eufemias gate
Shopping district
Visitors from Oslo
Users
Qualities
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Priority user group
Local visitors Grønland/ Gamlebyen/ Kvadraturen Residents Priority user group Local employees and businesses
International character
A shopping destination
Strategically situated by Norway’s most important hub, for local as well as international travellers, Dronning Eufemias gate (DEG) is the entrance to the borough of Bjørvika.
DEG will be developed into a new shopping district for Oslo. It will have a cosmopolitan character, with establishment of shops offering recognised and exclusive brands – shops that wish to link their profile to Bjørvika, to Barcode, and to Oslo’s new showcase boulevard.
Multifunctional content DEG is flanked to the north by Barcode, Oslo’s successful new central business district, which already is enhancing Oslo’s position as an innovative, forward-looking city. To the south, DEG is flanked by key cultural institutions, office spaces and residential buildings. DEG connects Bjørvika to Kvadraturen to the west, and Gamlebyen (Old Town of Oslo) to the east. The structural, logistic and symbolic character of DEG should be reinforced through carefully considered plans for its street-level commercial spaces. A comprehensive plan for the establishment of shops, cafés and culture will further enhance DEG as a destination – an attractive street not just for passing through, but for shopping, dining and lingering. A cosmopolitan avenue For DEG to function as the destination that is envisaged, it must be filled with content that exerts a strong attraction. In the streetlevel locales of Barcode that face DEG are popular cafés, restaurants and pubs, serving visitors and tourists as well as the people who work in the neighbourhood. Locales along DEG enjoy a high degree of exposure to one of the most active streets in Oslo. Also on the south side, attractive public amenities should be established to take advantage of this situation
DEG is the main artery of Bjørvika, and the cosmopolitan showcase boulevard of the Norwegian capital. The shops established on both sides of DEG will underscore the street’s exclusive cosmopolitan character. The adjoining areas must be developed in a manner that is in tune with the unified vision. DEG will offer a diversity of unique experiences, with a variety of shops that supplement each other, enlivening the area as a whole and making it an attractive shopping district. Fasade Design The façades facing DEG will reflect the exclusive and cosmopolitan profile of the shops and the street itself. Visitors will experience the façades as exemplary of an innovative modern architecture that embodies exclusivity. The huge window surfaces facing DEG will be used to showcase exciting and shifting exhibitions. All entrances will face DEG. Closed fasades are not permitted in long stretches. The design of street-level and second floor façades shall enhance the unified character of the entire area, strengthening its attractiveness as a destination.
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Experiencing Dronning Eufemias gate DEG reflects a modern Scandinavian urbanism. It is Nordic design meeting international trends. Spacious, overview, scale.@ Local and international brands, Nordic and international cuisine, accessible art, quality design, public transport, greenery.
The public spaces and commons
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Stasjonsallmenningen, Bispekilen and Kongsbakken are important public spaces of Bjørvika, with generous areas adapted for relaxation, recreation and play. The public spaces are key to a comprehensive municipal planning, as they connect the various districts and neighbourhoods to the fjord. Variation in theme and profile underscore each space’s unique character, enhancing the diversity of Bispevika. Their role as important connections and public spaces are the reason that locals, and other visitors from the City of Oslo, are user groups being prioritised in the design and content of the public squares.
Content programme
Sports
Facilities
Bike stands
Toilets
Food & Refreshments
Art
Street furniture
Public transport
Bicyclesharing
Art
Greenery
Information
A diversity of themes
Necessary / Optional
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Tourists from Norway and abroad
Public spaces
Active corners and rim-zones
Visitors from Oslo
Users
Qualities
Visitors from the region Priority user group
Local visitors Grønland/ Gamlebyen/ Kvadraturen Residents Local employees and businesses
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A diversity of themes
Active corners and soft zones
Every public space will be made well-suited to leisure and active use, and each given its own theme and profile.
The design and content of the street-level floors and soft zones shall enhance the natural and thematic qualities of the public spaces, supporting their role as key civic spaces and meeting places.
Destinations The profiles of the public spaces need to be refined, so that they become attractive destinations in Bispevika. For instance, a good and creatively designed playground will become an important destination for families with children. That, in turn, makes Bispevika and Fjord City attractive to this user group Flexible and democratic arenas The public spaces shall be the main arenas for recreation in Bispevika. They are the perfect framework for green activities, waterfront enjoyment, and fellowship for the residents. The public squares are large, flexible spaces that should be made suitable for a broad range of activities spanning all seasons. They have enormous potential as arenas for festivals, spontaneous or short-lived events, as well as organised and unorganised activities and play. Short-lived events and spontaneous activities are in accordance with the #ActiveCITY concept, making Bispevika more attractive and fostering its sense of identity. Destinations These spaces become open connections between the city and the fjord, with unhindered lines of sight between the two. Special attention shall therefore be given to the design of the waterfront.
In keeping with the #aktivCITY concept, extensive dialogue interaction shall be encouraged facilitated between the tenants of nearby buildings and the users of the public squaresspaces, in the form of activities aimed at the public space that serve to erase the separation between indoors and outdoors. Functions The design of rim soft zones are an important factor in enlivening these large public spaces. Good rim soft zones encourage lively activity, and the variation is reflected in city life. The public squares spaces should attract a broad range of people. Adjoining building corners are particularly important and should be enlivened, with entrances and kiosks, cultural activities, attractive shop displays, cafés with outdoor tables during the summer season, etc. Rim Soft zones The façade’s design and choice of materials should create good transitions between private and public spaces. To a large degree, the façades should be transparent and active, with minimal distances between entranceways and the building’s functions. Nooks and niches, attractive shop displays, integrated outdoor benches, recessed entrances etc., create attractive places to linger and look, whether alone or in the company of other people. Non-commercial benches and other seating is vital (and an important supplement to café seating etc.), and these should primarily face the most active areas nearby. This creates synergy between various types of city life.
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Stasjonsallmenningen
Bispekilen
Character This central public square connects the city to the fjord. Venue for festivals and outdoor markets, an area with considerable pedestrian traffic. A flexible space suitable for varied occasions. Well-adapted for leisure, play and activities, for young and old.
Character A long and extended public space, but which is inclusive and intimate, encouraging close contact with the fjord.
Street furniture and facilities for leisure and play should also function as elements that enhance the identity of the public square. Street-level locales A preponderance of shops with some cafés. Activity and use shopping / non-commercial lingering / play / dining & drink / people-watching / viewing the fjord / markets / festivals / stage performances
SA
BK
Kongsbakkeallmenningen
The terraced waterfront and use of ramps and steps lend Bispekilen a unique character while creating spatial diversity.
The cultivation of contact with the fjord, and the experience of the waterfront, gives Bispekilen a clear character and enhances the quality of the user experience. Shops, cafés and culture Cafés, shops (food + maritime) and public amenities. Activity and use Lingering / play / varied contact with the fjord / food shops / dining and drink
BK
KBA
Character This key public square area forms a bridge between the residential areas of Bispevika and Sørenga, and provides access to the Medieval Park. The public space is to be made suitable for play, events, enjoyment of the waterfront and activities related to the fjord. Strong emphasis on greenery. Encouraging play is a high priority. Design and content should aim to enhance the experience and aesthetic qualities of this public space, making it an attractive destination for play and increasing its identity. Shops, cafés and culture Cafés with outdoor tables facing the Harbour Promenade. The area with the best sunlight conditions in Bispevika. Activating the building corners along Rostockgata will amply the life and activities of Kongsbakken: kiosks, cafés, bakeries etc. Activity and use recreation and play / ball games / sports / gymnastics / dining & drink / proximity to the fjord / people-watching / viewing the fjord /
KBA
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Experiencing the public spaces and commons Democratic, thematic, informal play, social gatherings, concerts, events, outdoor exhibitions, outdoor training apparatus, ice skating, playing in the sand, climbing, barbecues, cycling, jogging, cafĂŠs with outdoor tables, public toilets, bicycle-sharing system, public art
Operagata
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Operagata is one of the central streets of Bjørvika, connecting the borough to Kvadraturen (historically, a pre-industrial city blockthe historical city center). Running parallel to Dronning Eufemias gate, it provides a connection between the city centre and Bjørvika’s major cultural institutions. Operagata, which adjoins a number of civic spaces and public squares, ends in one of Bispevika’s more intimate spaces. The street has a very urban and dynamic character. In addition to providing good traffic flow, Operagata is an attraction in it itself. The street-level amenities of Operagata supplement those of Dronning Eufemias gate. Together, the streets form an attractive shopping district. Operagata also has a role to play encouraging the area’s cultural profile. Because Operagata is not a showcase boulevard like DEG, and is far less corporate, the prioritised user groups are residents and visitors from other parts of Oslo.
Content Programme
Shops
Facilities
Bike stands
Bicyclesharing
Food & Refreshments
Street Furniture
Art
Outdoor tables
Greenery
Parking
Deliveries
Dyamic
Necessary / Optional
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Tourists from Norway and abroad
Operagata
Shops & Culture
Visitors from Oslo
Users
Qualities
Visitors from the region Priority user group
Local visitors Grønland/ Gamlebyen/ Kvadraturen Residents
Priority user group
Local employees and businesses
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Dynamism
Commerce & Culture
The Bispevika section of Operagata is heavily residential, with public amenities in streetlevel localeslots. In addition to being the residents’ “own” street, it offers shopping and culture to Bjørvika visitors.
Operagata shall be a dynamic cultural and shopping destination, with varied offers that attract a diversity of groups to the area.
The Opera House and Oslo Public Library are situated at Operagata’s western end. At the eastern end are its Bispevika housing unitsmainly residential units. Planning shall ensure a seamless continuity from the Opera House to the west, to B7 to the east. Its cultural venues will supplement the key cultural institutions of Bjørvika . Operagata willand exert a cultural attraction that is to become an integral part of its identity – and the urban neighbourhood of Bispevika is an integral part of the larger Bjørvika borough. This will also strengthen the overall experience of bispevika as a part of Bjørvika. . The street-level venues will encourage and facilitate a shifting cultural programme subject to continuous renewal, short-lived of temporary exhibitions and events, and innovative enterprises. The dynamism of these change processes should be very responsive to Oslo’s citizens, and receptive to their needs and desires of the citizens of Oslo
Operagata’s broad social and cultural attraction will appeal to residents as well as those who work in the area. Different groups may use the street at different times, making it a lively place throughout the day. Operagata’s use of active façades, with attractive entrances and shop window displays, will invite people to slow down, examine the offers, as well as watch and engage with other people. The side streets will be filled with exciting commercial concepts that draw people and create activity. In short, the content of Operagata shall be based on a broad understanding of what is culture is.. Together, Operagata and Dronning Eufemias gate form an attractive shopping district.
Operagata
69
areas suitable for outdoor tables
a vitaln important transition between street and public space
a
- lots of sunlight - little wind - cross-streets - lots of pedestrians - good views
b
- ensure a unified identity for the street - ensure a welldefined public space - street furniture, greenery
areas suitable for lingering and public use
areas suitable for start-ups / culture / low rent
- lots of sunlight - little wind - cross-streets - varied offerings
- centrally situated - exposed to people - lots of shade - lots of traffic
c
d
!!!
?
x-y=a*a+b
d
a
d
b
b
areas suitable for specialty shops - proximity to cultural institutions - supplementing the brand names sold on DEG - smaller scale, more intimate civic spaces - smaller shop locales, more entrances
c
e
a
e
plan extents walking
active facades entrances
sunny areas â&#x20AC;&#x201C; day sunny areas â&#x20AC;&#x201C; evening
noise wind
e
70
Experiencing Operagata Smaller shops, cafĂŠs, art, culture. Culture and quality specialty shops. Varied and engaging art and events. High quality, but accessible and democratic. New ways to experience, see and think about culture.
e
a
b
d
c
Rostockgata
71
In this context, Rostockgata refers to the section of this street from Bispekilen and farther south. Between B8b and Kongsbakken, Rostockgata is closed to through traffic. Cyclists from Sørenga and Grønlia will pass through this area on their way to and from the city centre; the school at Kongsbakken also generates bicycle traffic, through Bispevika between Bispevika North and Barcode. Even though Bispevika has through traffic of cyclists, on a daily basis the street is used mainly by residents and visitors from adjoining neighbourhoods.
Content Programme
Shops
Facilities
Bike stands
Playground
Food & Refreshments
Art
Street Furniture
Information
Parking
Bicyclesharing
Local
Necessary / Optional
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Tourists from Norway and abroad
Rostockgata
Shops & Public amenities
Visitors from Oslo
Users
Qualities
Visitors from the region
Local visitors Priority user group Grønland/ Gamlebyen/ Kvadraturen Residents Local employees and businesses
72
Local
Shopping & sevices
The section of Rostockgata south of Bispekilen lies outside the most heavily trafficked areas of Bjørvika. Its character will be defined primarily by the residential areas nearby.
In contrast to Operagata and DEG, the diverse shops of Rostockgata will offer a broad range of goods to satisfy daily needs and necessities.
Rostockgata shall be accessible to everyone, and experienced as attractive by visitors to Bispevika. However, more than other zones of Bispevika, it will be a local street, used primarily by residents and those who work here or frequent the area.
A local food destination The character of Rostockgata will be clearly defined by its food shops, with quality ingredients and delis, interspersed with cafés and restaurants.
The design and content of street-level localeslots, streets and public spaces, should emphasise its local character and underscore the contrasts apparent in the qualities offered in various parts of Bispevika. Rostockgata will add local colour to the experience of Bispevika and Bjørvika. In addition, it is to be perceived as accessible, attractive and urban. (Ref. the streets of Thoralv Meyers gate and Thereses gate in Oslo.)@ The street furniture of Rostockgata will be functional and inviting, designed for encounters and conversation between local residents.
The diversity of small shops, rich in contrasts, will create a lively and attractive shopping environment. The selection of foods, cafés and services shall be quite varied, attracting visitors, people from the Harbour Promenade, and local residents. The aim is to establish Rostockgata as a destination for exciting food, varied cafés and restaurants, lunch markets, delis and fresh food vendors. A colourful and inviting street Rostockgata crosses numerous streets, alleys, passageways and smaller civic spaces. This creates an opportunity to encourage spontaneous meetings and good encounters – in short, foster an attractive street life. The storefronts, cafés and culture of the area shall invite people to linger and experience the diversity of what is offered. Design and content should foster this urban character. The triangular public space adds character to Rostockgate, encouraging the establishment of pleasant and intimate cafés with outdoor tables, with aand a more relaxed air atmosphere than the busier Harbour Promenade.
Experiencing Rostockgata Outdoor markets, small streets, play and sports. CafĂŠs, restaurants, bars, convenience stores. Meeting the needs of people from morning till evening. Quality food shops, small grocery stores, specialty shops.
73
Kong Haakon Vs Gate Kong Haakon Vs gate provides a new access from the south to Oslo’s city centre. The road is flanked by the Medieval Park to the east. For Bispevika, its development along Kong Haakon Vs gate will be the urban neighbourhood’s new eastern face. Large glass façades towards the Medieval Park will, amongst other advantages, give excellent exposure to street-level localeslots. While this easternThe location towards the east and the exposure to a noisy street presents obvious challenges, it also creates opportunities for establishments that can create lively activity along Kong Haakon Vs gate. Guidelines call for residents and visitors from the nearby area to be the prioritised groups.
Content Programme
Shops
Facilities
Bike stands
Food & Refreshments
Street Furniture
Arts
Outdoor tables
Office
Arts
Bicyclesharing
A creative business community
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Visitors from the region
Kong Haakon Vs Gate
Facing east
Necessary / Optional
Tourists from Norway and abroad
Visitors from Oslo
Users
Qualities
74
Priority user group Local visitors Grønland/ Gamlebyen/ Kvadraturen Residents Local employees and businesses
A creative business environment
Facing east
The proximity to major corporations make it attractive for new companies to establish operations in Bispevika.
Kong Haakon Vs gate is Bipevika’s new face towards the Medieval Park and Ekeberg, which lie to the east. With its exciting and varied architecture, large street-level windows, trees lining the street, and innovative street furniture, Bispevika will be a lively and showcase urban neighbourhood.
Alternative localescommercial units Temporary locales, a sliding slideflexible for rental rates, and other incentives, can be used to attract start-up companies and smaller cultural institutions to Bispevika. The good synergy between small companies and large corporations encourages the creation of a good business community of start-up and co-working spaces. This has the potential of making the area along Kong Haakon Vs gate in Bispevika stand out. In this manner, it is possible to encourage the creation of a lively alternative environment, based on young and innovative forces. Aktivt uteliv Flexible and attractive spaces, and a young business community, may encourage the local night scene. Alternative café and pub concepts will enrich and extend metropolitan life here, making Kong Haakon Vs gate even more attractive in an urban context. The localisation along a noisy street, and the lack of adjoining buildings, raise interesting possibilities for the establishment of bars, nightclubs, cafés and restaurants along Kong Haakon Vs gate. Kaffefuglen (bottom photo) in Pilestredet, Ring 1, is a good example of how location on a trafficked street doesn’t need to be an obstacle to establishing an attractive venue and a strong brand.
High exposure The buildings along Kong Haakon Vs gate enjoy a high degree of exposure. The design of their façades, and especially design and content of their street-level locales and rim zones, will be decisive for how they are perceived. High architectonic quality and diversity are important. Large, exposed locales such as these are ideal for shop that require a lot of space, such as furniture stores. However, it is especially important to activate the façade of such large locales. Every building along this street needs to fill its street-level locales with public amenities, and the entrance should be directly from the street. Room for new encounters In keeping with the #ActiveCITY concept, innovative and temporary sidewalk installations will stimulate an active, shifting street life. Small spaces that invite lingering, bicycle stands and other features that enliven the storefront, should add their imprint to the street. Short-lived activities may bring additional life, positive attention, a positive sense of ownership and identity to the street. In fact it would be advantageous to implement this already during the construction period. Kong Haakon Vs gate will be given a unique character and identity, and be a lively face towards the east.
75
76
Experiencing Kong HĂĽkon Vs gate Temporary and pop-ups. Co-working spaces. Creative agencies.
Pubic and civic spaces
77
Bispevika has quite a collection of secondary spaces, ranging from intimate outdoor spaces and open courtyards, to small spaces on the water. These civic spaces are a varied range of public and private spaces that form important social micro-environments between buildings. They have their very own “layer” with regard to accessibility and spatial qualities. These civic spaces imbue Bispevika with intimacy, offering a positive contrast to the large public spaces and the streets. These spaces exist as a concrete response to the Fjord City’s vision of creating openness and ensuring access to the fjord. In line with the #ActiveCITY concept, the common denominators of these spaces is that they enrich their users’ experiences, and foster unique situations that are key to Bispevika’s sense of identity.
Content Programme
Shops
Facilities
Food & Refreshments
Art
Sports
The residents of Bispevika are the prioritised user group when giving these spaces content Bike stands
Street Furniture
Playground
Art
Enriching experiences
Necessary / Optional
Commercial/ Not commercial
Not commercial Active / Passive
Frequency
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Summer Winter
Tourists from Norway and abroad
Public & Civic spaces
Temporarily
Visitors from Oslo
Users
Qualities
Visitors from the region
Local visitors Grønland/ Gamlebyen/ Kvadraturen Residents
Priority user group
Local employees and businesses
78
Enriching experiences
Temporality
The public spaces of Bispevika are urban civic spaces with a diversity of design themes. These are more intimate environments than the large public squares, and their distinct qualities will enrich the experience of this urban neighbourhood.
Public spaces will offer distinct experiences and help enliven the urban floor.
Temporary installations that explore the boundaries between art and play will give designers and artists the challenge of encouraging the fantasy of child and adult users of these spaces. Street furniture and other elements will be used to create a sense of identity for the civic spaces, and offer good venues for informal meetings and a variety of activities throughout the year. The content programme and design of these places must satisfy the residents’ need for outdoor spaces and play areas. The aim is also to generate interest and excitement, encourage a diversity of experiences, and create surprises for Bispevika’s visitors. These meeting places will provide a range of sensory experiences. Aesthetic qualities, scents and sounds, as well as tactile and visual qualities are used to create unique experiences in each space. Systems for handling runoff surface water can be integrated into the design in ways that add elements of interest to the city life. The façades of street-level commercial units will reinforce the distinct character and the
Temporality Bispevika is inclusive and democratic, inviting people to put their stamp on their neighbourhood. Temporary activities help make Bispevika livelier and strengthen its sense of identity. Short-lived activities should be an integral part of city life, making an area into an attractive and lively destination that draws people. The public places and civic spaces will facilitate short-lived offerings such as: - Pop-up restaurants - Pop-up bars - Pop-up fashion and design - Pop-up art - Pop-up music - Pop-up street parties - A floating stage (inspired by Bargemusic in New York) - Student projects - “Container talks” – a series of lectures on urban renewal of the container park - Workshops for the public - Activities for children, for instance in cooperation with Losæter and Oslo’s International Museum of Children’s Art - Neighbourhood activation: open meetings and workshops, with participation - Activation of tenants: invitations to plant and tend greenery, motivate “ownership” of the area’s development
79
Spaces on the water
Intimate civic spaces
Open courtyards
Enclosed courtyards
Character These intimate civic spaces have a focus on visual and physical contact with the water; they are designed to further enhance the city’s contact with the fjord and waterfront.
Character Intimate, inclusive meeting places that offer flexibility for a variety of events.
Character Intimate, inclusive meeting places that offer flexibility for a variety of events.
Degree of public use Medium – High
Degree of public use Medium. There is to be no facilitation of interaction between the courtyards and streetlevel commercial units (i.e. no commercial activity). Shops with transparent façades may offer passers-by glimpses of some courtyard, making these more public, as well as safer after opening hours.
Character The primary function of enclosed courtyards is to offer outdoor areas for local residents. These can be used in various ways, and offer different zones so that different age groups may use them at the same time.
Degree of public use Medium – High Prioritised groups Residents and visitors Facilities Installations that encourage contact with the water. Lighting on and in the water. Fixed or flexible furniture that invites a longer stay. Signage that makes it easy for people to find their way and access these spaces. Art Activities and use Use and inspiration Play and games in the water Informal activities
Prioritised groups Residents and visitors Facilities Greenery is used for aesthetic reasons as well as to add other qualities. Fixed or flexible furniture will invite a longer stay. Examples of additional facilities for recreation and interaction include table-tennis and other game tables, boccia courts, etc. Activities and use Informal meetings and play Short-lived events Activities for residents Outdoor exhibitions Surprising happenings
Degree of public access Private in B8a, medium in B8b. Entrances to the housing units as well as street-level locales. The public passages in the B8b plot shall facilitate pedestrian traffic and more public use.
Prioritised groups Residents
Prioritised groups Residents
Facilities Greenery used to define the space. Outdoor furniture, playground installations. Public art.
Activities and use Play. Gymnastics. Socialising and small social events. Picnics and grill parties.
Activities and use Linger. Play. Socialising. Social events
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Experiencing public places and civic spaces A series of intimate and inviting civic spaces, each with their own dimensions and qualities that are unique to Bispevika. Public or semi-public, ranging from tranquil and relaxing to social and playful.
Part 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; AREA OVERVIEWS The urban floor of Bispevika
- Locales and areas
B2 B3 B6A B6B B7 B8A B8B B9
81
82
3.1 Locales and Areas
Part 3 presents an overview of street-level locales, as well as suggestions of how these might be distributed for different functions. The area overviews have three levels: 1) The urban floor of Bispevika 2) Construction site 3) Individual commercial spaces This chapter is a template that architects can fill in as their project for a particular building site progresses. After a construction site and a buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s commercial spaces have been clarified sufficiently that detailed planning is possible, then a dialogue with prospective tenants may be initiated, with reference to this chapter. The presentation form and content for individual locales is shown, with B3 as an example, on pp. 86â&#x20AC;&#x201C;90.
Commercial zones
83
Proposed diversification
e/
Sho
pp
Sho
ing
pp
ing
res l sto fĂŠs /
Reta i
Food & Refresh m
Neig Sho hborho p o Serv s / A d stree m t ice enit ies/
ents
Star tOffic up es / Ca
ltur
Rec reat ion
Cu
Foo Re d & fre shm en ts
The diagram indicates the defining character of street-level locales (shops, cafĂŠs, culture) for the various zones of Bispevika, and reflects the guidelines discussed in the preceding chapters.
Children Culture /
Shops
84
Shops, cafĂŠs and culture Area allolcation ground and 2 floor. Kindergarten
327
2%
Food & Refreshments Housing
4848
24%
5937
29%
Shops/Cafe/Culture 1567
8%
Shops
4157
20%
Office
1673
8%
Culture
1888
9%
Area (BRA)
20399 m2
Plan 01 1:2000
Bispevika Nord
85
Area Allocation ground floor Food & Refreshments Housing
2763
29%
1725
18%
Shops
2528
27%
Office
1112
12%
Culture
1331
14%
Area (BRA)
9461 m2
B2
B3
B6A
Plan 01 1:1000
B7
86
Bispevika South Area allolcation ground floor. Kindergarten
327
2%
Food & Refreshments Housing
2084
24%
4211
29%
Shops/Cafe/Culture 1567
8%
Shops
1629
20%
Office
560
8%
Culture
558
9%
Area (BRA)
10938 m2
B6B
B8A
B9
B8B
Plan 01 1:1000
B2
87
Info Food & Refresh. Housing Shops
Plan 02 112 m2 235 m2 730 m2
45 m2 146 m2
207 m2 196 m2
FORRETNING
Area (BRA) Additional areas
1077 m2 191 m2
FORRETNING
FORRETNING
OK ferdig gulv 8400
72 m2
FORRETNING
FORELØPIG
Location
BEVERTNING
KONTOR / TJENESTEYTING
UP
UP
Plan 01
BEVERTNING
FORRETNING
207 m2
196 m2
FORRETNING
FORRETNING
FORRETNING
0 1
0 1
72 m2
FORRETNING
101 m2
BEVERTNING
KONTOR / TJENESTEYTING
102 m2
UP
BEVERTNING
112 m2
50 m2
ind
1:500
ud
FORRETNING
nedkørsel P
ind
ind overdækket passage
ind
ind
overdækket passage
overdække
ind
t passage
teknik butik 112 m2
heis til p-kælder
toilet butik
lager butik
butik 50 m2
butik 120 m2 butik 120 m2
reception
teknik erhverv 126 m2 erhverv 126 m2
heis
88
B3 Commerical unit #1
B3 Commerical unite
Info
Info
Location Area (BRA) Ceiling height
Dronning Eufemias gt ?? 184 m2 ...
Location Area (BRA) Ceiling height
Dronning Eufemias gt ?? 55 m2 ...
Double-sided Entrances Exposed sides Possibility for outside dining Possibility of subdivision
Yes 3 3 yes Yes
Double-sided Entrances Exposed sides Possibility for outside dining Possibility of subdivision
Yes 1 2 No No
Parking Possibility deliveries Access to care squares Possibility for storage Toilets Waste Management
... ... ... ... ... ...
Parking Possibility deliveries Access to care squares Possibility for storage Toilets Waste Management
... ... ... ... ... ...
FORELĂ&#x2DC;PIG
Content Programme
Food & Handel Refreshments
Culture
Facilities
Storage
Content Programme
Toilets
UP
Bike stands
Food & Handel Refreshments
Culture
184 m2 / Forretning
1:200
1:200
UP
Facilities
Storage
Bike stands
Toilets
55 m2 / Bevertning
89
90
Sources Literature
Images
Bjørvika Utvikling (2003), Bærekraft I Bjørvika, Designhåndbok
Mercer (2015) Location Evaluation and Quality of Living Reports.
Bjørvika Utvikling (2003), Bærekraft I Bjørvika, Overordnet Miljøoppfølgingsprogram
MULTICONSULT, OSU, HAV Eiendom(2012), Bispevika nord og syd, reguleringsplan med konsekvensutredning, Lokal luftkvalitet.
Bjørvika Utvikling (2003), Bærekraft I Bjørvika Kulturoppfølgingsprogram Gehl Architects, Bjørvika Infrastruktur (2007), Temahefte Bjørvika, Bygninger Gehl Architects, Oslo Kommune((2014), Bylivsundersøkelse Oslo Sentrum, Bylivsdata Gehl Architects, Oslo Kommune((2014), Bylivsundersøkelse Oslo Sentrum. Spørreskjema undersøkelsen. Gehl Architects, Oslo Kommune(2014), Bylivsundersøkelse Oslo Sentrum Gehl Architects, SLA, Bjørbekk & Lindhiem, Bjørvika Infrastruktur (2007), Temahefte Bjørvika, Byromsmøbler og Utstyr Gehl Architects, SLA, Bjørbekk & Lindhiem, Hansen & Henneberg, Bjørvika Infrastruktur (2007), Temahefte Bjørvika, Byrom og Gaterom Gehl Architects, SLA, Hansen & Henneberg, Bjørvika Infrastruktur (2007), Temahefte Bjørvika, Belysning Gehl Architects, SLA Landskabsarkitekter, Bjørvika Infrastruktur (2005), Byrumsprogram, Akerselva Gehl Architects, SLA Landskabsarkitekter, Bjørvika Infrastruktur (2005), Byrumsprogram, Bispekilen Gehl Architects, SLA Landskabsarkitekter, Bjørvika Infrastruktur (2005), Byrumsprogram, Kongsbakken Gehl Architects, SLA Landskabsarkitekter, Bjørvika Infrastruktur (2005), Byrumsprogram, Stasjonsallmenningen Hadrian Eiendom, 2012, Salgsprospekt, Boligutviklingsprosjekt B4 Paulsenkaia i Bjørvika Kjeller Vindteknikk, OSU (2013), Bispevika, Oslo Kommune, Oppdatert lokalanalyse MasterCard, Hedrick-Wong, Y., Choong, D. (2014), 2014 Global Destination Cities Index
MULTICONSULT, OSU, HAV Eiendom (2013), Bispevika Nord og Syd, Støy fra samferdsel Nordic City Network, Gehl Architects (2014), Nordic Cities in Transition Oslo Kommune, Byrådsavdeling (2003), Reguleringsbestemmelser for Bjørvika - Bispevika Lohavn. Vedtatt av Oslo Bystyre 27.08.2003 Oslo Kommune Byrådet (2014) Kommuneplan for Oslo: Smart, Trygg, Grønn. Oslo mot 2030. Samfunnsdel og byutviklingsstrategi Oslo Kommune PBE (2011), Belysningsplan for Oslo sentrum. Oslo Kommune PBE, Avdeling for Byutvikling (2008), Fjordbyplanen : Prinsipper for utvikling av helheten i Fjordbyen og for delområder, Planprogram for Filipstad, Vippetangen og Alnas utløp. Superunion Arkitekter, OSU (2012) Operakvarteret Bygulvsprospekt Sweco, Norsam, OSU, HAV Eiendom (2013), Bispevika Nord og Sør, Buss og Sykkelruter. Sweco, Norsam, OSU, HAV Eiendom (2013), Bispevika Nord og Sør, Reguleringsplan, Trafikale konsekvenser. The Economist, Intelligence Unit (2015) A summary of the Liveability Ranking and Overview. White Arkitekter, Rodeo Arkitekter, Marius Grønning (2013) Havnepromenaden i Oslo, Forslag til Prinsipp- og Strategiplan William H. Whyte (1980), The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces
Side 6-7 1.1 Visjon http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2014/07/sjovikstorget-by-thorbjorn-andersson-with-sweco-architects/ sjovikstorget-by-thorbjorn-andersson-with-sweco-architects-06/ Side 8 Om Bjørvika og Bispevika Deichmanske Biblioteket, Atelier Oslo og Lund/ Hagem Arkitekter https://www.flickr.com/photos/deichman ske/8533479149/in/album-72157632933549516/ http://osu.no/operakvarteret-barcode/arkitektur/ http://ezhestnesk.ezpub01.byte.no/var/ezwebin_site/ storage/images/bygg-anlegg/nok-en-pris-til-operaen/33911-1-nor-NO/Nok-en-pris-til-Operaen.jpg http://www.mynewsdesk.com/no/sporveien/images http://osu.no/om-oslo-s-utvikling/bjoervika-utvikling-as/ http://www.olavthon.no/Vare-virksomheter/Naringseiendom/Prosjekter/Diagonale-Bjorvika-i-Oslo/ http://www.vedal.no/prosjekter/utvalgte-prosjekter/ dnb-bjoervika/ http://estudioherreros.com/project/museo-munch-2/ Side 9 Stedsanalyse http://maps.google.no Side 10 Historie http://www.historieblogg.no/?p=701 Side 11 Forbindelse og transport http://www.operakvarteret.no/nyheter/article/velkommen-til-aapen-dag-i-bjoervika/#1
innenriks/kollektivtransport/8445360/ http://www.dagsavisen.no/kultur/vedlikeholdsetterslep-604-millioner-kr-1.355238 http://osu.no/om-oslo-s-utvikling/dette-er-osu/ Side 23 http://restaurantguiden.osloby.no/gronland/asylet http://www.dn.no/nyheter/naringsliv/2014/05/19/Helse/butikk-p-barn-og-eldre http://docplayer.no/docs-images/24/4309934/images/1-0.jpg https://www.krogsveen.no/Selge-bolig/Solgte-boliger/ Bolig/Leilighet/Rathkes-gate-10-354156878 http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2015/05/southwater-one-by-gillespies/03-waterfront-park/ http://operaen.no/Forestillinger/Sommer-pa-Operaen/ Side 24 http://img.myswitzerland.com/mys/n49434/images/ buehne/oberer-letten-zurich.jpg http://ap.mnocdn.no/migration_catalog/article5721665.ece/ALTERNATES/w1440c169/Sofienberg-tittel.jpg?updated=100720081216 http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2013/04/korenmarkt-square-by-okra/korenmarkt-square-by-okra-04/ Side 25 https://www.toposmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2014/05/Topos_Urban_Space_Prize_Marseille_Young_Foster_Partners.jpg
Side 16 Program / formål http://haveiendom.no/area/diagonale/ Side 17 Program / formål http://estudioherreros.com/project/museo-munch-2/
Side 26 Kommuneplan 2015 / Fjordbyen https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjordbyen
Side 22 Oslo, Fjordbyen, Bjørvika, Bispevika http://estudioherreros.com/project/museo-munch-2/
Side 27 Reguleringsplaner https://www.oslo.kommune.no/politikk-og-administrasjon/prosjekter/fjordbyen/
http://www.bjorvikautvikling.no/loseter http://www.designboom.com/architecture/link-arkitektur-stranden-waterfront-promenade-aker-brygge-oslo-05-13-2014/ http://www.dagbladet.no/2009/10/06/nyheter/
http://byplanoslo.no/content/prinsipp-og-strategiplan-havnepromenaden
Side 32 Attraktivitet og livskvalitet http://www.hallbarheten.eon.se/img/areas/ vastrahamnen/3.jpg Side 37 Livskvalitet i byområder http://concreteplayground.com/sydney/travel-leisure/
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leisure/the-ten-best-outdoor-pools-in-sydney/ https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinzessinneng%C3%A4rten http://www.dw.com/en/the-most-livable-cities-in-theworld-shift-ranking-of-june-19/a-18526976 http://www.timeout.com/newyork/film/movies-in-thepark-outdoor-screenings-in-new-york-city Side 38 The 50 most stylish neighborhoods https://beyondthewindowbox.files.wordpress. com/2015/11/cafc3a9-life-1.jpg?w=1400 http://www.wheremilan.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/BRERA.jpg http://www.vogue.com/slideshow/1080625/fifteen-coolest-street-style-neighborhoods/ http://www.seejapan.co.uk/jnto_consumer/media/ press-releases/press-release-detail/12-05-21/new-places-to-visit-in-tokyo http://www.shopswindows.com/travel-and-leisure/ enjoy-the-most-hipster-neighborhoods-around-the-global-village-vesterbro-copenhagen-denmark/ http://realitypod.com/2012/12/top-10-unusual-bridgesof-the-world/ http://www.gastownproject.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/PNG0625N-jazzfestival-15113.jpg http://cisl.edu/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Georgetown5.jpg Side 36 Bylivsundersøkelsen Oslo Sentrum https://www.oslo.kommune.no/getfile.php/Innhold/ Politikk%20og%20administrasjon/Prosjekter/Levende%20 Oslo/Bylivsunders%C3%B8kelsen.pdf Side 39 Rangering av hippeste nabolag http://catandmutton.com/reservations-party-bookings/ http://urbansparks.org/2011/04/06/annual-garden-concert-at-bradner-garden/ http://sprudge.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/ Sprudge-4StockholmCafes-AnnaBrones-Johan-and-Nystrom-outside.jpg Side 40-41 2.1 Suksesskriterier http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2015/07/the-in-
finite-bridge-by-gjode-povlsgaard-arkitekter/the-infinite-bridge-05-gjode-povlsgaard-arkitekter/ Side 42 Suksesskriterier https://torenedrebophoto.files.wordpress. com/2014/04/tnedrebo-2014img_0598.jpg http://www.nrk.no/ostlandssendingen/_-bygg-flere-hoyhus-bak-barcode-1.11491015 http://osu.no/operakvarteret-barcode/bjoervikas-historie/ http://www.sorenga.no/ http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/205/cache/quebec-city-vacation_20515_600x450.jpg Side 43 Åpen & Inkluderende https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rvika http://www.nrk.no/ostlandssendingen/slik-blir-nye-bjorvika-1.12031122 SIde 44 Miljø & Landskap https://www.mqw.at/uploads/media/Sommer_im_ MQ_2011_-_MuseumsQuartier_bei_Nacht__c__Daniel_Gebhard_de_Koekkoek.jpg http://www.livetradingnews.com/urban-agriculture-an-alternative-to-industrial-food-production-103034. htm Side 45 Arkitektur https://www.flickr.com/photos/bhala/9734431663/ http://www.dagsavisen.no/innenriks/fullt-i-oslos-nye-friluftsbad-1.372709 Side 46 Program http://www.slowtravelstockholm.com/arts-culture/ exploring-stieg-larssons-sodermalm/ http://www.designrulz.com/outdoor-design/2012/04/ eco-street-art-trees-with-scarves/ Side 47 2.2 Konsept http://esctoday.com/63442/eurovision-2013-discover-the-transformation-of-malmo/ Side 48 #aktivby http://www.b.dk/rejseliv/turist-prisindeks-koebenhavn-er-blevet-billigere http://s3.amazonaws.com/architecture-org/files/pa-
ges/dsc01092.jpg http://inhabitat.com/nyc/8-gorgeous-urban-rooftopgardens-hidden-across-nyc/le-bain-at-the-standardhigh-line-2/?extend=1 http://www.visitodsherred.dk/odsherred/aktiviteter/ byliv-shopping Side 49 Opplevelsen av #aktivby http://idahariri.com/LIFESTYLE/Stoli-Month-of-Visionaries https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/31/d8/ e3/31d8e3c05e49fd4dd07cabd056215329.jpg https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/31/d8/ e3/31d8e3c05e49fd4dd07cabd056215329.jpg Side 50 2.3 Retningslinjer http://www.archdaily.com/772411/cirkelbroen-bridge-studio-olafur-eliasson/55db55b3e58ece585f00000f-cirkelbroen-bridge-studio-olafur-eliasson-photo Side 54 100 % offentlig tilgjengelig http://images.adsttc.com/media/images/55f8/0786/ c84a/8a33/ed00/00e3/large_jpg/05_globo05_4359_ gal700px.jpg?1442318188
2FAAAAAAAACfM%2FDBVlWtzb-Wk%2Fs640%2Ffishand%2B043.JPG&w=330&h=270&c=1 https://static-secure.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2011/11/25/1322215478594/Bruce-Munros-installation-004.jpg http://www.theavenuestory.com/blog/wp-content/ uploads/2013/06/image37.jpg Side 56
Opplevelsen av Havnepromenaden
http://cdn.jukkaisokoski.fi/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ISOKOSKI_restaurant-Tres-Bones_seafood_. jpg http://www.baltictravelcompany.com/blog/index. php/finland/45 http://www.adressa.no/familieogoppvekst/article9620097.ece http://tjuvholmen.no/?did=9091412 http://www.designboom.com/architecture/oaxen-resturant-mats-fahlander-and-agneta-pettersson-stockholm-07-25-2015/
http://www.archdaily.com/423048/kalvebod-waves-jds-architects/52212f86e8e44eeef9000026-kalvebod-waves-jds-architects-image
http://www.visitdenmark.no/sites/default/files/styles/galleries_ratio/public/vdk_images/Campaigns/ Market-specific/SE/MSO-Aarhus/par-havnefronten_1024x576.jpg?itok=itpbDOS7
https://40.media.tumblr.com/cf07f2d5246c661f7643413 6dc0ccc91/tumblr_n5maotnMBC1s7lytko1_500.jpg
http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2015/11/aalborg-waterfront/a14-aalborg-waterfront-joergen-true/
http://oslohavn.no/filestore/Bildearkiv/Arrangementer/ Dp/20130807_Dp_av_bten_Ung_Oslo/20130808-Bten-UngOslo-490x290.jpg
http://www.dezeen.com/2013/09/06/kalvebod-waves-by-jds-architects/
http://dtah.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/ Simcoe-WaveDeck_Feat1.jpg http://jdsa.eu/bad/ Side 55 Bevertning http://www.visitaalborg.no/no/danmark/aalborgs-havnefront
https://www.zuerich.com/en/visit/coffee-houses-tea-rooms/seebad-enge http://www.architonic.com/fr/aisht/hafencity-public-space-miralles-tagliabue/5100909 https://starfoodscout.wordpress.com/2014/07/06/ oaxen-krog-stockholm/
http://www.foodtrucks.no/
http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/09/26/magasinet/robinson_og_fredag/restauranter/35445651/
http://www.visitdenmark.com/denmark/gallery-theme-copenhagen-urban-life
Side 57 Dronning Eufemias gate http://eufemiasplass.no/omraadet
http://cdn.203.se/i?u=http%3A%2F%2F2.bp.blogspot.com%2F-IT-HN5j56yo%2FUB1RmeBCxHI%-
Side 58 Internasjonal karakter http://www.metalocus.es/content/es/blog/la-plaza-
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peatonal-m%C3%A1s-grande-de-par%C3%ADs-por-tvk http://www.dezeen.com/2013/03/06/vieux-port-pavilion-by-foster-partners/ http://www.designboom.com/architecture/zara-viadel-corso-flagship-store-in-rome/ http://www.thepoortraveler.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Champs-Elysees-Shopping-in-Paris.jpg
Page 61 Ulik tema http://solotravelerblog.com/wp-content/ uploads/2015/02/oslo-market.jpg
Page 64 http://buenosairesstreetart.com/wp-content/ uploads/2014/07/Martin-Ron-Roa-001.jpg
http://farm8.staticflickr. com/7325/8894262617_3a619995e4.jpg
http://publicartnorway.org/prosjekter/liberte/
http://barcelonaconcept.com/the-swiss-benches-bybd-barcelona-design.html
http://www.dezeen.com/2012/07/05/escale-numerique-by-mathieu-lehanneur-and-jcdecaux/
http://www.archdaily.com/259602/university-ofcalifornia-irvine-contemporary-arts-center-ehrlich-ar chitects/5019853128ba0d3c1f000034_university-ofcalifornia-irvine-contemporary-arts-center-ehrlicharchitects_uci-arts-lawrenc
Side 59 Opplevelsen av DEG http://www.visithjoerring.dk/sites/default/files/styles/ galleries_ratio/public/asp/toppenafdanmark/frederikshavn/Byliv/Shopping/shopping4.jpg?itok=3dddD6FK
http://img8.custompublish. com/getfile.php/1840079.1308. syabuxrqxw/1024x768/4545053_1840079. jpg?return=www.tromso.kommune.no
http://retaildesignblog.net/2012/06/30/prada-flagship-store-by-roberto-baciocchi-dubai/
http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2012/03/plazade-santo-domingo-landscape-architecture-madri/ plaza-de-santo-domingo-by-marinas-arquitectosasociados-08/
https://www.melissa.com.br/us/galleries/sp/10-years
http://www.visitdenmark.no/no/danmark/design/shopping-i-danmark-0 http://lostinfashion.pl/?p=1912 http://www.santacole.com/en/catalogo/farolas/ via-lactea/ http://www.post-gazette.com/image/2014/10/04/ ca0,0,2000,1333/ARush-TorontoRoth-003-2.jpg http://www.acontinuouslean.com/2013/11/20/ club-monacos-flatiron-flagship/ https://cdn4.ricksteves.com/Projects/cms/production/000/018/692/large/bb9f2b6c2663d19aca1ed73d5b257b32/norway-oslo-pedestrian-street-120315-TV.jpg http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2014/11/ mariahilferstrasse-by-bureau-bb/mariahilferstrasse-bybureau_bplusb-05/ http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2014/11/ mariahilferstrasse-by-bureau-bb/mariahilferstrasse-bybureau_bplusb-07/ http://www.m.dk/#!/om+metroen/priser+og+billetter/ oversigt+over+kort+og+billetter/city+pass http://www.edm-paris.com/en/portfolio/hm-champselysees/
Page 62 http://www.wes-la.de/en/projects/westliche-hafencityhamburg http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2015/05/ drapers-field-by-kla/01-kla_drapers-field_water-playjets/ http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2014/03/ granary-square-townshend-landscape-architects/ granary_square-by-townshend_landscape_ architects-13/ http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2014/11/ blooming-city-nieuwegein-by-bureau-bb/blooming_ city_nieuwegein-by-bureau_bb-06/ http://aliciatasteslife.com/tag/amsterdam/ http://www.journeysinlightphotoblog.net/tag/ amsterdam/
http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2014/11/dianaprincess-of-wales-memorial-fountain-by-gustafsonporter-landscape-architecture/diana_memorial_ fountain-gustafson-porter-landscape-architecture-03/ http://thatkindofwoman.tumblr.com/ image/30396788745 http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2015/03/statensmuseum-for-kunst-by-karres-en-brands-and-polyform/ statens-museum-for-kunst-06/
visie-en-missie/â&#x20AC;&#x2122; http://www.nrk.no/ostlandssendingen/dugnadsandfor-okologisk-mat-1.11454575 http://www.elledecoration.se/stockholmstips-3-xsoderparlor/ https://journeyaroundtheglobe.files.wordpress. com/2012/08/img_1242.jpg https://maxolex.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/photo.jpg http://image.nanopress.it/viaggi/ fotogallery/1200X0/114053/the-rocks.jpg http://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/john-whaite/
http://www.qhelf.com/
http://www.kneip.no/index
http://visitruno.com/en/assets/images/Activities/ Family_Fun/IS_1.jpg
http://fjordclub.no/wp-content/uploads/no/2015/03/ Veninder-pU---shopping-i-Latinerkvarteret_Original1_1_2-409x205.jpg
http://www.grantamon.com/projects/hospitality/1rooftop-cinema-curtin-house-252-swanston-streetmelbourne-3000 http://thevalleycenter.com/buffalo-river-fest-park/ http://www.hafencity.com/de/news/-555-leinen-los555-fuer-den-grasbrookpark.html
http://www.nycgo.com/slideshows/must-seewilliamsburg/7 http://www.knstrct.com/interior-designblog/2014/4/27/sightglass-coffee-on-20th-street-byboor-bridges-san-francisco
Page 65 Dynamisk https://www.flickr.com/photos/eager/8614433203/
Page 69 Lokal http://www.visitdenmark.no/sites/default/files/ styles/galleries_ratio/public/vdk_images/AttractionsActivities-interest-accommodation-people-geo/ Geography-places/Aarhus/aarhus-latinerkvateret. jpg?itok=pLfcoQPO
http://www.visitdenmark.no/no/danmark/design/ danske-modedesignere
http://www.sammyboy.com/showthread.php?207678College-student-quits-school-to-become-a-butcher
http://www.designboom.com/art/florentijn-hofmanbig-yellow-rabbit/
http://www.futurebuilt.no/sykkelpark-ioslo?pid1=228528
https://ilovehelsinki.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/ img_1815.jpg
http://thelodown.com/cooking/eat-nyfw/
https://www.gnistbarnehager.no/vare-barnehager/ gnist-stoylane/storbarnsavdelingene/
Page 63 Opplevelsen av allmenningene http://fitnessbloggen.no/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/ MLPHOTO_TPhysix_5570.jpg
http://www.bustler.net/index.php/article/urban_reef_ wins_robson_redux_2014_in_downtown_vancouver_ canada/
http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2015/01/thesports-park-bremen-by-wes-landscape-architecture/ wes-park-im-ueberseepark-05-bowlanlage-foto-frankheinrich-mueller/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle#/media/ File:Cyclists_at_red_2.jpg Page 67 Opplevelsen av Operagata http://herbusinessmoods.nl/effectief-winkelconcept-
http://simonbajada.com/wp/wp-content/ uploads/2013/11/IMG_37792.jpg http://www.arquitectes.cat/iframes/paisatge/cat/ mostrar_projecte.php?id_projecte=7019&lan=en https://www.pamono.com/dealers/fuglen Page 70 Opplevelsen av Rostockgata http://www.lifeinnorway.net/wp-content/
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uploads/2011/06/hand3.jpg http://www.dagbladet.no/2016/01/19/tema/reise/ matreisen/australia/mat/42807315/ http://archtendencias.com.br/arquitetura/codeblack-coffee-zwei-interiors-architecture/attachment/ codeblack_zwei-5/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seattle_ marketplace.jpg http://nabolagshager.no/2015/08/15/vaterlandforvandles-pa-dugnad/ http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-life/danish-architectureguide/odense/the-harbour-jellyfish/ http://cottonandcream.nl/dertien-rotterdam/ https://burgarkungen.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/ element-2.jpg http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ApVhnXSW6sM/Tq0Ipsl4YI/AAAAAAAAAsA/TLT9OZ_VU80/s1600/ Krysantemum%2Bi%2Bmange%2Bfarger.JPG http://stavangersentrum.no/sites/default/files/byens_ skomaker1_0.jpg
http://www.steveiq.com/2015/11/23/best-co-workingspaces-for-startups/ Page 73 Opplevelsen av Kong Håkon 5s gate http://in.askmen.com/things-to-do/1105361/article/ how-to-spend-valentines-day-alone
http://www.vikaterrassen.no/introvikaliv/
http://www.archisearch.gr/article/1672/block-146--stones-and-walls.htm
http://nabolagshager.no/produkterogtjenester/ maxikasser/
http://www.e-architect.co.uk/new-york/dreamdowntown-hotel
https://mytailoriscooking.wordpress.com/tag/bartozino/
http://i1.wp.com/blogs.gwhatchet.com/btb/ files/2011/06/rugby-bar_file.jpg
http://www.panoramio.com/photo_ explorer#view=photo&position=1434&with_photo_ id=20529755&order=date_desc&user=23106
Page 96-97 Bakgrunnsmateriale http://nabolagshager.no/2015/08/15/vaterlandforvandles-pa-dugnad/
http://www.archilovers.com/projects/125997/suit.html
http://www.knippershelbig.com/en/projects/swingtime http://www.sydneytoday.com/content/667976 http://www.complex.com/style/2012/10/the-50-moststylish-neighborhoods-in-the-world/vesterbro http://www.dailytonic.com/architecture-inascendance-innovative-staircase-design/ http://www.vmxarchitects.nl/project_458.html
http://www.wsj.com/articles/art-in-the-greatoutdoors-1433890513
http://startupxplore.com/blog/spain-coworkingoffices/
https://www.realdaniadebat.dk/SiteCollectionImages/ Billeder/Privat%20Boligforum/Privat%2014-11-14/ Byliv%20og%20business%20640x433.jpg
Page 75 Opplevelsesrikhet http://inhabitat.com/japanese-inspired-woven-willowkagome-sandpit-offers-natural-play-for-kids-in-vienna/
http://lovelydayisntit.blogspot.no/2012/10/aarhus.html
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/f0/77/32/ f077323f15d006960fa217c30830907c.jpg
http://inhabitat.com/portable-parkedbench-parkletinjects-a-breath-of-fresh-air-in-london/ http://www.citysocialclub.ru/articles/kak-sozdatpublic-space
http://www.wellandgood.com/wp-content/ uploads/2010/08/ColinMiller_Photo_9305.jpg http://burdo.co/2014/05/espectacular-galeria-decamiones-de-comida-echando-el-taco-con-estilo/
http://www.fellesverkstedet.no/#booking-facilities/ facilities
Page 72 Kreativt næringsmiljø http://www.godt.no/#!/artikkel/21094700/sjekk-denheteste-kaffetrenden-slik-haandbrygger-du-kaffehttp:// architectureau.com/articles/2012-australian-interiordesign-awards-installation-design-winner/
http://www.turkishceramics.org/Album/15
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http://wonder-wall.com/project/285/
http://stavangersentrum.no/sites/default/files/byens_ skomaker1_0.jpg
http://www.barnekunst.no/omvisninger/
https://nextcity.org/daily/entry/new-art-park-winstonsalem
Page 77 Opplevelsen av plasser og byrom http://www.klikk.no/produkthjemmesider/gladebarn/ article690914.ece http://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwfashion/article/ Milans-10-Corso-Como-Opening-in-Shanghai-20130726 http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2015/03/statensmuseum-for-kunst-by-karres-en-brands-and-polyform/ statens-museum-for-kunst-07/ https://calpolyla201.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/pk17n120-medium.jpg
http://www.numen.eu/spatial-design/waterfront-split/ http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2016/01/tabytorg-an-urban-space-north-of-stockholm/roof-parkplaza-playground-polyform-arkitekter-02/ Page 78-79 Del 3. Arealoversikt http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2013/01/ kobmagergade-shopping-street-by-kbp-eu-karresen-brands-polyform/kobmagergade-03-copyright-tystange/ Page 80 Kommersielle soner http://bensnerdblog.blogspot.no/2010/09/portlandand-my-job.html http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/ news/4020124/Last-minute-mad-man-dash-for-gifts. html http://www.elpadvisors.com/2014/08/20/urbanliving-the-tug-of-war-between-millennials-and-babyboomers/ https://pixabay.com/no/%C3%A5rhus-byliv-creek-caferestaurant-949698/ http://bloggfiler.no/syvfemten.blogg.no/ images/1976819-8-1445947211449.jpg Page 81 FBK-arealer http://www.barcelonatips.dk/shopping/ http://visuellemagazine.blogspot.no/2013/07/ projectname-puma-brand-store-osaka.html https://deconstructednotions.files.wordpress. com/2014/04/schermafbeelding-2014-04-30-
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