6 minute read
Semiconductor crisis
Why semiconductor crisis could hit new car supply and make March even tougher for dealers
Want chips with that? Nick Gibbs chats to traders and manufacturers about a problem centring on a tiny yet increasingly vital part of modern vehicles.
Car dealers can add the potential of new model supply disruption caused by a shortage of semiconductors to their list of woes as they head towards the key plate-change month of March.
Semiconductors, aka chips, are the brains behind the increasing number of smart features within today’s cars and they’re currently in very short supply.
Car makers have been hit globally, including in Europe, and are slowing or even temporarily stopping production of key models for the UK.
Affected plants already include Ford’s Saarlouis factory in Germany where it makes the Ford Focus, which has shut for an entire month from January 18 ‘as a result of the semiconductor supply issue’, the company said.
VW stopped production for several days at its Wolfsburg plant in January, where it makes the Golf among other models.
Audi has furloughed 10,000 staff in Germany for the issue and production has been hit at its Ingolstadt plant, where it makes the Q2, A3, A4 and A5. Also affected is Neckarsulm, which makes the A6 among other models.
Mercedes has reportedly slowed and could cut production in two German plants: Bremen, where it makes the C-class, GLC and EQC among other models, and Rastatt, where it makes the A-class, B-class and GLA.
Here in the UK, Honda has had to shut down production briefly at Swindon, where it makes the Civic, and has suffered shortages at its Jazz plant in Japan.
The chip shortage is getting so bad that German bank LBBW predicted it could cause the global production of cars to drop this year by up to 2.2 million.
GLOBAL CHALLENGE
Nissan Sunderland has yet to be affected by the shortage, Nissan global chief operating officer Ashwani Gupta has said, but he added that it ‘was a global challenge for every manufacturer’.
The problem first came to light in the last quarter of 2020, and while it’s slowly getting better, Gupta predicted that chip supply wouldn’t return to normal until May.
The reason for the shortage is threefold, he said. Carmakers revised forecasts down because of the pandemic, while at the same time demand from the likes of smartphone makers and games console companies shot up.
He said: ‘If I am a semiconductor manufacturer where I have just have 10 per cent for automotive and 90 per cent for non-automotive, and the 90 per cent is increasing and 10 per cent reducing, obviously I will allocate capacity to the 90 per cent.’
But demand for cars then recovered incredibly quickly after the first lockdown, coming on top of increased demand for the number of chips for each car.
‘The new Qashqai, which we will launch in Europe [this year], will have more than 50 per cent more sensors than it had before because of features like ADAS [advanced driverassistance systems],’ Gupta explained.
Anecdotally, carmakers are focusing their limited chip supply on profitable models such
2.2m
Cars that may not be made because of semiconductor shortage.
Daksh Gupta CEO of Marshall Group
as SUVs and electrified models that can help reduce their CO2 footprint for the year.
The semiconductor shortage was probably fourth in a list of supply disruption issues facing dealers, Vertu Motors CEO Robert Forrester told Car Dealer.
‘The semiconductor shortage is not the biggest issue in the world right now,’ he said.
Carmakers and their suppliers face production slowdowns owing to personnel testing positive for Covid-19, while congestion at ports post-Brexit is hitting supply chains.
The latest to be affected was Nissan Sunderland, which had to stop production of its Qashqai and Leaf on January 22 because of parts hold-ups at Felixstowe.
The question for car dealers, though, is how much does it matter? When showrooms have been forced to close and rely instead on online sales, supply isn’t their biggest problem.
‘We’ve no shortage of new cars but we’re seeing a fairly significant decline in new car volume,’ Forrester said.
‘On a like-for-like basis, my retail order take was 48 per cent down in the last seven days, which was not a surprise.’
Also reporting no supply issues currently was Daksh Gupta, CEO of Marshall Group.
‘We the retailers have seen zero impact, but that could be because the manufacturers stockpiled,’ he said. ‘It could be stocks are being burned through.’
MARCH DISRUPTION
Mike Allen, an analyst of the motor trade at Zeus Capital, says dealer groups he has spoken to certainly have the supply issue firmly on their agenda.
He told Car Dealer: ‘These supply issues are highly likely to cause problems with March supply and will mean March doesn’t look good.
‘Normally, dealers would be building up their order banks for March now, but that is being disrupted by lockdowns and these supply constraints.’
Allen said this was likely to skew the year’s numbers for dealers and supply was likely to be ‘better by the summer’.
He added: ‘I don’t think this will be a long-term issue and I think Q2 and Q3 will be better for dealers. Investors want to see signs of recovery and some sense of normality and are already looking ahead to 2022.’
Allen commented that in some respects it’s a good thing that all the ‘bad news comes out now’ and then investors will feel more confident.
‘The dealers that will do well will be the ones that have stock ready to sell and won’t be impacted as badly by the semiconductor issues.’
HURDLES
UK automakers so far haven’t warned of any supply disruption. Among responses we received, VW said ‘planned production for the UK has not been impacted and the outlook for stock levels through the first quarter remains positive’.
Meanwhile, in a less revealing note Jaguar Land Rover said: ‘We are aware of the issue and are monitoring the situation closely.’
Some privately wonder if automakers are partly reacting to a lack of demand by throttling back production. For example, it’s probably not a coincidence that Ford is stopping Focus production but continuing with that of its hottest model right now: the Puma SUV.
Professor David Bailey, an automotive industry expert at the Birmingham Business School, said consumers might have to be flexible over what cars they buy.
He told Car Dealer: ‘A modern car could contain hundreds if not thousands of semiconductors, hence the impact of such shortages on auto assembly.
‘What that all means in turn is that the exact model of car you’re looking for at a dealer may not be available if production has been hit.
‘Consumers might have to be a bit more flexible than usual in their model choice.’
Prof Bailey said the semiconductor issue was a direct result of the Covid pandemic, and while the car industry had recovered quickly it was ‘still feeling some of the longer-term fall-out’. The biggest fear is that the chip shortage is another hurdle for dealers hoping for some sense of normality in March. A slow January and February could be tolerated if March roars back as sales did after the previous lockdown, but the signs aren’t good.
Steve Young, managing director of dealer analyst firm ICDP, said: ‘The feedback I have is that business is quieter this time than in previous lockdowns, with lower levels of click-andcollect and not much going on to create the order build for March.
‘In the meantime, Q1 targets still exist at what are looking to be unachievable levels. In volume terms, that would suggest the chip shortage is not a problem, but Sod’s Law would say that when there is a real order prospect, it will be for a car that is not available…’
