Blue Gold Visions 2023-2024 | Vol. 2 No. 1

The State of Education in the Philippines

by DANIEL CHRISTOPHER GALUNA

On Dec. 5, 2023, the Program for International Assessment, or PISA, released their annual evaluation on the level of knowledge and skill set amongst 15-year-old Filipino students. The PISA focuses on three areas: mathematics, reading comprehension, and science. As expected, the country ranked within the bottom ten in each area and had miniscule improvements from the last PISA figure recorded in 2018. The statistic may seem to be another attempt at belittling the Filipino intellect but it makes perfect sense. The Filipino education system is broken to the core and must be fully revamped for the sake of our growing nation. Cagayan

WHAT’S INSIDE

Israel-Hamas: How It All Started

As Israeli warplanes bombarded the Gaza strip, a large number of injured and deceased people quickly filled hospitals. Health officials report that since Israel resumed its attacks on Gaza following the truce’s expiration, dozens of Palestinians have died.

NEWS | turn to page 2

Unraveling the Teenage Vaping Epidemic

Vaping has captured the attention of the younger generation. Despite being marketed as a less harmful alternative for smokers, it is fast becoming a public health concern.

SCI-TECH | turn to page 15

The Filipinas’ World Cup Debut: One for the Books

The Filipinas make history as the first Philippine team to grace the World Cup stage, all while scoring our first goal and first victory match in the said competition. Although the Filipinas were unable to secure the World Cup, they succeeded in winning the hearts of the entire nation.

ISRAEL-HAMAS: How It All Started

by RIONA YNA BERNABE

17 years, 6 months, 1 week, and 5 days. This is the duration of the conflict between Israel and Hamas, which has lasted five wars, the most recent of which began in 2023 and is ongoing as of January 2024. HAMAS, the name is an acronym for Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiya, which means Islamic Resistance Movement. HAMAS was founded by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin after the outbreak of the First Intifada against the Israeli occupation. It was formally established in December 1987 during the first Palestinian uprising led by Muslim Brotherhood’s Palestinian branch. They govern more than two million Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and is a militant movement that is committed to armed resistance against Israel and the establishment of Islamic Palestinian state in Israel’s place.

The origins of the current conflict predate both the establishment of the state of Israel 75 years ago and the establishment of Hamas in 1987. Palestinians and Israelis both claim ownership of the land between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. The war began when Hamas led the Palestinian militant organizations, whom launched a surprise offensive against Israel, which was also known as “Operation Al-Aqsa Flood.” They said the attack was “to free Palestinian prisoners, stop Israeli aggression on al-Aqsa Mosque, and to break the siege on Gaza.”

It had begun with a barrage of rockets aimed at Israel, while approximately 3,000 militants breached the Gaza-Israel border and attacked Israeli communities and military bases. This attack

killed 1,139 people, 766 of whom were civilians. The attack was launched as a response to the “desecration” of the Al-Aqsa Mosque. The blockade of the Gaza Strip, the plight of Palestinian refugees and prisoners, the latter of whom it sought to free by bringing an estimated 253 Israeli and foreign captives into Gaza as a leverage.

Hamas terrorist has waged the deadliest attack on Jews since the Holocaust- slaughtering babies, raping women, burning whole families alive, and taking hundreds of innocent civilians’ hostage. Since October 7, 2023, more than 1,300 Israelis have been killed. Since then, the IDF (Israel Defense forces) warplanes has conducted air strikes throughout Gaza whilst its troops have been moving through the territory, where Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated that Israel was pursuing a “clear goal of which destroying Hama’s military and governing capabilities”, as well as freeing the hostages.

“

The resumption of hostilities in Gaza is catastrophic

An Israeli military unit fires from an undisclosed location near the Gaza Strip border, amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestinian Islamist group Hamas. Photo by REUTERS/AMIR COHEN

In response, Israel declared a state of war and launched a counteroffensive it named “Operation Swords of Iron” in Gaza. During this operation, Israel has tightened its blockade, demanded the evacuation of the northern Gaza Strip, as well as fired over 19,000 weapons at Gaza targets in an extensive aerial assault before and during its ground offensive, which began in October 27. Israel had made it clear that their goal was for the destruction of Hamas and to be able to take control over the Gaza Strip.

Fighting raged on until the middle of November when Israeli strikes killed more than eighty people in the Jabalia refugee camp. On November 22, Israel and Hamas has agreed on a temporary cease-fire, where a four-day humanitarian “pause” or rather a “lull” in hostilities will take place that the United States had welcomed to free fifty hostages that were held in Gaza. The agreement also called for the immediate release of roughly150 Palestinian women and children detained by Israel. This was an opportunity to amp up the safe delivery of the release of said hostages captured by Hamas after 48 harrowing days of captivity.

Starting at 7:00 am Israel time on November 24th, the ongoing fight in Gaza had ceased, and some Israeli and foreign hostages have been released. The ceasefire was announced for a period of four days, but it was later extended for a longer period.

with both the Israel and Hamas blaming the other for not agreeing on an extension. The disagreement, according to the New York Times, was over “how to define soldiers versus civilians and how many Palestinian prisoners Israel would release in exchange for its hostages.” The United Nations Human Rights Chief said that the resumption of hostilities between Israel and Hamas was “catastrophic.” Volker Turk said in a statement that, “the resumption of hostilities in Gaza is catastrophic. I urge all parties and states with influence over them to redouble efforts, at once, to ensure a ceasefire – on humanitarian and human right grounds.” Following that, Israeli warplanes pounded Gaza, sending scores of wounded and dead people fast pouring into hospitals. Barely two hours after the truce had expired, Gaza health officials reported that about fifty-four people had already been killed and dozens were wounded in air strikes that hit at least eight hours.

The Israel and Hamas conflict has heavily affected the world. Due to a perceived failure of leadership on the issue of the outbreak of this war increase the Israeli citizens’ dislike of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. A significant diplomatic crisis arose as numerous nations responded forcefully to the fighting, which impacted the momentum of regional relations. The bold move of recalling ambassadors and severing diplomatic times with Israel was adopted by at least nine nations.

The cease-fire expired early on December 1, Those

As of January 2024, around

22,800

PALESTINIANS KILLED

Including 6,150 children

36,000 INJURED

7,000 MISSING

Source:

ISRAELIS KILLED 1,200 Meanwhile, around

Including journalists —

4 ISRAELI 3 LEBANESE

Totaling to over CASUALTIES

58,000

2.4% of Gaza’s 2.3M population, including 72 Palestinian journalists

Taiwan Elects Next President Amidst Growing Regional Tensions

by RIONA YNA BERNABE

On January 13, 2024, the Taiwanese people chose their next president. This was the first presidential election since the COVID-19 pandemic. The two major parties, the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and Kuomintang (KMT), fielded the major candidates of this cycle. Incumbent President Tsai Ing-Wen is ineligible for reelection and is set to exit office after eight years of service. The Taiwanese election is said to have global implications, as many would suggest.

The current Vice President of Taiwan, William Lai, or Lai Ching-te, is the presidential candidate for DPP. His platform is to support the status quo in Taiwan, which is not to change its formal name into the Republic of China. It is worth mentioning that the DPP remains adherent to achieving Taiwanese independence, while striking a good relationship with the mainland. As Lai stated in a Taiwanese interview, “we don’t want to become enemies with China. We can become friends.” He is countered by the main opposition candidate, Hou Yu-Ih of the Koumintang (KMT). Hou supports the view that both Taiwan and China should follow a “one country, two system” framework. As such, his party believes that each side can still pursue self-determination should such an arrangement come into play. Hou is strongly opposed to the notion of Taiwanese independence. For this election cycle, there is a major third party, the Taiwanese People Party (TPP). The TPP has nominated Ko Wen-Je, A former Mayor of Taipei, who has shaped his campaign to be a “third way’ between the two traditional parties, offering an alternative for those disgruntled with both pan-Blue and pan-Green coalitions.

Taiwan AI Labs is an NGO that aims to identify disinformation through social media, with the goal of avoiding unfair elections. Ethan Tu, the founder of the organization, has asserted that “disinformation has been on the rise, and we should care about it”. The United Daily News has also stated that “[b]ioweapons have been created with the support from the United States.” Analysts have responded that this is all part of China’s disinformation campaign. “The attack was done in order to cast doubt of the relationship between the US and DPP,” says the Wall Street Journal. Observers from both the United States and China looked closely as to whether votes will be inclined to a Beijing-friendly KMT, an independent DPP, or a maverick TPP.

The results of the election became known last Saturday evening. The DPP candidate, William Lai, won the election and will be inaugurated by May. Lai led

40.05%

33.49%

26.46%

the outcome with 40.05%, followed by Hou with 33.49%, and Ko on 26.46%. Both Ko and Hou have conceded to Lai. A foreign ministry spokesperson said that regardless of the election result, “the basic fact that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is part of China will not change.” International reactions have been mixed with the election results. In the Philippine context, for instance, the Dept. of Foreign Affairs issued a statement which reaffirmed the country’s adherence to the One China Policy it signed way back in 1975. The election may have been over, but its implications will be felt for the years to come.

SMS Students Excel in 2023 PSA Misamis Oriental Inter-School Statistics Olympiad

by ERIKA ZARA ROTORAS

St. Mary’s senior high schoolers earned top honors in the recent Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) Interschool Stat Quiz and Poster Making Contest, showcasing their talent and passion for statistics.

This quiz was in line with the celebration of Philippine Statistics Authority’s 34th National Statistics Month, which aimed to promote and raise awareness and appreciation of the importance of statistics to the different sectors of society. Through this annual celebration, the PSA hopes to encourage the cooperation and support of the general public in upgrading the quality and standards of statistics in the country.

With that, our very own grade 12 students, Daniel Christopher Galuna from 12 HUMSS, and Daniela Vivien Nanol from 12 STEM competed in the Philippine Statistics Authority Inter-School Stat Quiz and Poster Making Contest which was held on the 12th Of October 2023. Daniel earned second place in the Stat Quiz, and Daniela won third place in the Poster Making Contest with the theme “Accelerating Progress: Promoting Data and Statistics for a Healthy Philippines.”

Congratulations to our Senior High Students for their remarkable achievements and hard work, and thanks to their coach, Sir Alfel Dan Opena, for his guidance in making these achievements possible.

St. Mary’s School Grade 12 students receive awards with their coach at the event held in Limketkai Center, October 12, 2023. (from left to right: Alfel Dan Opena, Daniel Christopher Galuna, Daniela Vivien Nanol)

Taiwan’s 2024 President-Elect William Lai Victory rally on January 13, 2024. Photo retrieved from SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST

Miss Kuyamis 2024 Crowns New Grand Winner

by RIONA YNA BERNABE

On January 10, 2024, Kristine Jane A. Sarsalejo of Medina, was crowned this year’s Miss Kuyamis during the Grand Coronation Night that was held at the Atrium of Limketkai Mall. Following her is 1st Runner-Up Gwen Marie Perion of Opol, 2nd Runner-Up Gwenyth Chan of Gingoog, 3rd Runner-Up Ella Sotto of Magsaysay, and 4th Runner-Up Joelleanna Salupan of Villanueva. The Grand winner was crowned by last year’s Miss Kuyamis and our very own St. Mary’s alumna, Ms. Zhydelle Anor Langala from El Salvador.

Kristine Sarsalejo, a 21-year-old from Kaliligan, Bukidnon, secured not only the crown but earned the titles of ‘Best Evening Gown’ and the ‘Miss Photogenic Award’. After the event, Kristine wrote on her official Facebook account saying, “I am humbled by your kindness, and I’ll do my best to respond as much as I can and extend my appreciation. This achievement is a shared triumph, and I am truly grateful to embark on this journey with all of you!”

This celebration is one of the legacies of the outgoing Misamis Oriental (Mis Or.) Governor Yevgeny Emano who started it when he assumed office in 2013. Miss Kuyamis is the province’s most prestigious beauty pageant and serves as a significant platform for the province’s women to exhibit their beauty and intellect. As such, the Kuyamis Festival comes from the Subanen word kuyamis, meaning a variety of sweet coconuts. It was also created to promote Agri-tourism in the region and showcasing the local coconut industry while emphasizing the history of Mis Or. and its

New Dress Code in SMS:

environmental conservation efforts.

The grandiose event showcased the many beauties of Misamis Oriental. St. Mary’s students, Joseph Salas and Ms. Zyrah Abejuela who worked behind the scenes in their internship with Powerhouse Studios, emphasized the role of events like this as avenues to not only empower women, but to boost our tourism as well. When asked about the highlight of the event, Ms. Abejuela said, “For me, it’s the women themselves… beauty pageants have evolved over the years before all you needed was ‘beauty”, but now you need both beauty, brains, and a heart too. Mr. Salas then adds that aside from that it was also the “production and the other performances that highlighted the artistry of Mindanaoans, because the focus of Miss Kuyamis is also to show the art and culture of Mis Or.”

After winning Miss Kuyamis, Katrine Sarsalejo is expected to participate in this year’s Miss Universe Philippines (MUPH), as the MUPH organization announced that starting in 2024 only winners of local pageants can participate in the national edition of MUPH. Miss Kuyamis is a platform where the voices of our candidates can express and advocate about our issues and concerns that are necessary for us to be aware of. With her victory, Katrine now wields the power to amplify these voices, holding both the title and the crown as she embarks on the next phase of her journey toward triumph and success.

Path Towards Inclusivity

by ERIKA ZARA ROTORAS

St. Mary’s School is stepping forward with a refreshed Dress Code designed to be more inclusive and celebrate student individuality. In a memo addressed to the School community, St. Mary’s President, Dr. Marilou Palabrica, states that while the school stipulates that students must dress in a manner that respects of the atmosphere of learning in the school, “ St. Mary’s School recognizes that one’s presentation of self is an expression of personal style and individuality.”

With this in mind, here’s a quick look at the few changes to St. Mary’s School’s improved dress code:

Nails should be clean and well-trimmed.

Hair care speaks of good grooming and personality. Students must observe, at all times, simplicity, neatness, and appropriate grooming. Hair must be neatly groomed and kept away from the face at all times. Personal hygiene standards must be observed and maintained.

This means that high school students now have the freedom to express themselves through their hair color, hair length, and even their nail polish and color, while maintaining an appearance that reflects an atmosphere conducive to learning. This comes as a welcome change to the student body, as the choice to express yourself through your looks is fun and refreshing. But remember, with that freedom comes responsibility. That is why we have a dress code in place. It shows respect for our academic institution and its values. All of us, including students, need to keep up a presentable appearance. Remember, our school is all about Faith in God, Academic Excellence, Personal Wholeness, and Societal Transformation. It is important to ensure that St. Mary’s stucents look presentable and well-groomed, regardless of our personal style.

Let us continue making St. Mary’s School an institution where individuality thrives alongside respect and academic excellence!

Miss Kuyamis 2024, Kristine Jane Sarsalejo. Photo retrieved from FACEBOOK/MISS KUYAMIS

EDITORIAL BOARD

S.Y. 2023-2024

Editor-in-Chief

DANIEL CHRISTOPHER GALUNA

Associate Editor

SUMMER JANE TEMPLE

Managing Editor

BIANCA CZARINA RAZON

Broadcast Editor

KIRSTEN CHRISTIANNE GOROSPE

Photography Editor

MAEGAN JULIENNE SUAZO

Visual Arts and Design Editor

KYUBIN PARK

Column Editor SARAH MAGTO

News Editor

RIONA YNA BERNABE

Features Editor

TARA RAFAELLE AZNAR

Science and Technology Editor

BERNICE LARA ARAGON

Sports Editor

ELISHA KYLE CANIOS

Social Media Manager

ANAHIRA ESTELLE REY PALABRICA

Quality Assurance Officer

ELISHA MARIE LAVITAD

Associate Staffers

ZYRAH LOUISE ABEJUELA

YANNAH ANGELA ABUCAY

EARTH THEA ELLORIN

MARIA FRANCESKA MAGTO

LUKE ALBERT PLAMOR

ERIKA ZARA ROTORAS LI SAY

DANIELLA TAGALOG

FRANCES CARMELA SALIDO

Contributors

KEVIN CARL CHING

AOME ESPINOSA

MANUEL LINDRI LUSTADO III

JOSEPH MARC SALAS

Moderator and School Paper Adviser

Ms. MARGARET LOUISE COSTELLO

The State of Education in the Philippines

by DANIEL CHRISTOPHER GALUNA CONTINUATION

The 2022 PISA result is, once again, a microcosm of the problems surrounding the Philippine society and represents the failure of the government to enact social development through education. Although it is disappointing as Filipinos to know that our country lands at the bottom when it comes to intellectual cultivation, the most practical thing to do is to identify why this has been the case for so long.

The past eighteen months have taught me two things: the K-to-12 curriculum was instituted with the hopes that it will place our students in par with international standards, but it has drained the Filipino learner of any ounce of optimism and motivation they once held onto. There is a reason why senior high school is still part of basic education after all. The expectations burdened onto our Grade 11 and 12 students has made it difficult for them to create quality outputs, if not entirely impossible.

In a 2021 Rappler op-ed written by Rey Francis L. Dayaan, he stated how schools bear this reluctancy to “fail” students who performed unsatisfactorily, out of fear that this will reflect badly on their achievement rate. For students, parents, and other stakeholders who believe that this is not that important at all, they should think again. Such a mindset means that the performance of an institution no longer relies on the academic excellence of its learners since they can just save them from the depths of failure at the stroke of a pen. Money and power then become players in the game as these can be used for individuals to buy their way up the ladder of life. The forcible adaptation of veteran instructors into 21st century modalities such as online platforms has compromised the quality of their lectures, encouraging students to engage in self-learning since they may never fully understand what their professor teaches them.

The Filipino education problem has transcended the pace of history but there is still hope to resolve this. One solution is to explore the roots of the education system: its implementors. Criticism towards DepEd has normalized in recent years to the point that universal praise towards the agency is comparable to a blue moon. Limiting the mandate of the department may do the trick since this would lead to domino effects such as the shortsizing of staffers and the reducing of workload, for instance. This would ensure that the department stays true to its promise of providing quality education, nothing less and nothing more. As Dayaan alluded to, “DepEd does not like alarming statistics” but who else can we blame if not the entity facilitating over the system as it is?

The variety of viewpoints on the issue of education has made addressing the matter into a continuous tug of war. Yes, blame the teachers who cannot deliver on their target competencies because that is what their salary entails, especially the ones who are breadwinners enduring every drop of blood in exchange for a penny. Yes, blame the students who spend too much time using social media and playing video games, specifically those who have to give back to their parents by demonstrating filial piety. Of course, blame the parents who place unrealistic expectations onto their offspring, notably those who give everything they have to make their son and daughter spend childhoods that were better than the what they once had. The path to success may be dependent on the executor but what can they do if the “Next” button does not work?

The point here is that the education issue does not discriminate - it impacts every Filipino who is alive, unborn, and even dead. Akin to politics, it relates to everything, everywhere, all at once. It influences how we go on with life and the pursuit of happiness. Nevertheless, it has become a right that is a privilege in practice. At the end of the day, we ask ourselves: are we really just dumb or did the system dumb us down to the core? Like the question of God, this dilemma will probably never get its answer anytime soon.

“ ... the education issue does not discriminate — it impacts every Filipino who is alive, unborn, and even dead.

Where has the Fight Gone?

by TARA RAFAELLE AZNAR

“Is the Filipino worth fighting for?” When presented with such a phrase or question, one can only assume that what is being asked is if the culture or the image of The Filipino (emphasis on ‘The’) is worth maintaining or preserving; or perhaps it may ask if our language itself is worth upholding.

This is an especially timely question in St. Mary’s, with the conclusion of the ‘Buwan ng Wika’ late of August 2023. While we just spent a whole month dedicated to promoting Filipino language and culture, opinions diverge on their true worth. Some dismiss them as frivolous distractions, while others argue that the emphasis placed on celebrating our national identity pales in comparison to its profound significance.

Where I personally fall on the spectrum of opinions, I fall far closer to the latter opinion.

Admittedly, I identify as a Filipino who sometimes feels disconnected to their nation’s pride. However, I believe that it is very important to continue to fight for “The Filipino”, especially in light of the influence of globalization. I see most of the newer generation losing their connection to their roots, even down to our own language, due to the more appealing, or perhaps more “modernized” cultures of other more developed nations. You can see this phenomenon occur around the country, with younger children becoming less and less adept at speaking our national language, Filipino.

I and many others personally think this is a huge loss on our part. Many Filipinos have grown uncaring and disconnected from our Filipino culture, favouring other cultures and languages to join the majority due to international trends.

You can even see this in my own article about the topic, just from the fact that there isn’t a lick of Filipino used in my essay, with it being written in English instead of the language and culture I am defending. Thus, I propose that instead of asking “Is the Filipino worth fighting for?” the better question to ask is “Why have we stopped fighting for the Filipino?”

What has instigated this change of ideals? Have the centuries of history and culture become so trivial that their worth is being questioned? Why is what should be treasured and preserved being second guessed and subjected to re-evaluation?

My take on this trend and why it has been growing over the years is the influx of influence and media from other cultures because of globalization. The rising tide of global media, with popular trends Korea, America, China and beyond is undeniably influencing Filipino youth. Because of the popularity of these trends, the Filipino culture often gets brushed aside in favor of what is more popular and perhaps more “modernized”. We see this in things such as TikTok dance trends, K-Beauty, and different fashion movements inspired by K-pop and Anime; while we rarely see Filipino trends capturing the same spotlight within our shores, leaving some to wonder if our own heritage is being pushed aside.

So, is the Filipino worth fighting for? The simple answer is yes. The Filipino is something worth fighting for, especially with how little attention it’s given presently. With the rising influence of foreign media it is important that we must firmly hold on to our national identity, culture and values so as to not get lost in the trends today.

Charter Change: A Good Investment?

by SARAH MAGTO

Does the Philippines need foreign investments? Senate President Juan Miguel Zubiri previously proposed amending provisions to our 1987 Constitution, allowing up to 40% foreign ownership in public utilities. However, his stance has recently shifted, raising critical questions about potential benefits, risks, and alternative solutions. Despite this change in stance, however, the broader question of whether the Philippines needs foreign investment remains crucial.

Supporters of the provision argue that this could attract additional capital and resources, which could lead to creating jobs and economic growth. Aside from this, adopting this amendment would result to retaining a majority of Filipino control. The constitution states that “[t] he nation’s economic policy must be reframed…, while still protecting the general policy of Filipino-first…” Any amendments to this portion of our Constitution would essentially allow Congress to adjust laws on this restriction. This proposal gives Filipinos administration of educational institutions with at least sixty per centum of the capital as stated in Paragraph 2, Section 4 of Article XIV. The application of this proposal does not necessarily wash out Filipino corporations with the help of foreign investors.

There are some raising concerns on this proposal including the need to put lengthy and expensive efforts to partake in the People’s Initiative - where the public can propose constitutional amendments by lodging a petition signed by at least 12 percent of the total number of registered voters. On the other hand, around 45 percent of Filipino adults support any move to change the constitution as provided in a March 2023 survey. With maximum efforts and cooperation, this proposal can become effective and beneficial to the Philippine economy.

We must face that the country is in need of external or foreign economic assistance, for as long as the Constitution is effective in prioritizing Filipino associations and considering institutional equity. While a good investment means growth and change, it is equally important that we protect our resources from exploitation, and prioritize equal benefits for Filipinos and their homegrown businesses. One of our top priorities as a developing nation is to construct a stronger economy. To go through lengths to hurdle this challenge means doing so with caution and protection, for the sake of our fellow Filipino people.

artwork by KYUBIN PARK

PUV MODERNIZATION Should Be GRADUAL, Not Forcible

by DANIEL CHRISTOPHER GALUNA

The traditional jeepney is a vivid representation of the Filipino nation. It symbolizes the multiculturalism of the country where different personalities converge in one setting to form a singular identity. It pays homage to the utilitarian nature of the common Filipino, one who perseveres when faced with adversity. However, recent times have suggested that the time has come to retire the traditional jeepney. For a population of habitual commuters, a forcible move to modernize jeepneys in service may send shockwaves throughout the archipelago.

Before we delve the implications of such a shift, we have to first understand where it is coming from. In the second year of the Duterte presidency, then-Transportation Secy. Arthur Tugade unveiled the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program, or the PUVMP. The initiative aims to make the Philippine commuter system logistically sound and nature-friendly by 2020 through the phasing-out of PUVs that have been running for more than 15 years. The primary requirement for PUVs is that they should comply with Euro 4 emission standards or must utilize an electric engine. As such, jeepney operators are compelled to retrofit their entire fleet. It is worth noting that each modern PUV is estimated at around 2 million pesos each, a stark contrast from the figure published by the Land Bank of the Philippines. In simpler terms, complying with the PUVMP is almost identical to purchasing a brand-new car. The only difference is that you are forced to replace your jeepney as soon as possible at the risk of losing a license to operate.

Now, what could be major conequences of putting the PUVMP into full execution? Well, commuters are bound to have one hell of a nightmare. Jeepney operators and drivers are more inclined to participate in organized strikes, meaning the fleet in service may not be to accommodate the constant influx of passengers. Remember that in the context of social institutions, each one is bound to influence another. This means that a logistical disruption of this magnitude

may affect the national economy. Employee tardiness (or even absences) leads to customer disatisfaction and decreased produtivity, so the number of payments and purchases being transacted lessens thatn usual, deviating from normal patterns. Another factor we have to consider is that the fragile education system may be tested to its limits when uncertainties in transportation become hurdles on the part of teachers and students. Even the civil service will be affected by this as most emplyees on gov’t agencies are commuters, leading to decreased satisfaction towards their rendering of services. The government is just reaping what it sows.

So as not to come off as biased, let us navigate through points in defense of the PUVMP. A concrete argument for the program is that enough leverage has been afforded to operators anf just like anything else, things are bound to end. As the Philippines transitions out of fossil fuels in the next decades or so, the PUVMP is a much needed steeping stone. We have this culture of stretching everything to their limits and that has to stop. Traditional jeepneys emit too much smoke and are tin cans with wheels, with a single collision enough to cause a casualty. If safety and cleanliness are the only factors to look at, then the jeepney has to go.

To conclude, the PUV modernization issue is just another political matter in limbo. Just like the ROTC and the K-to-12 curriculum, it will take years to resolve this. Nevertheless, the jeepney has become a space for the promotion of Filipino values, traits that we hold on to dearly for the rest of our lives. For example, the “plite palihog” expression is already a demonstration of camaderie amongst strangers and it fosters a bare minumum: mutual respect. Yes, everything is bound to change as nothing is permanent but can’t we just let the modernization happen on its own and instezd shift the focus to how the operators and drivers can smoothly transition? Such questions are the ones that we confront each and every day and unless we do something sound, they will never be answered in due course.

Photo retrieved from AUTODEAL

Trumpism Has Penetrated Philippine Politics

by DANIEL CHRISTOPHER GALUNA

Donald Trump’s four-year term as US President has been known for its staunch rhetoric, owing to his adherence to right-wing populism. This comes as a wave of like-minded figures have also gained prominence all throughout the world, with prominent examples being Italian PM Giorgia Meloni and Argentine President Javier Milei. The Philippines is no stranger to this as voters contin

artwork by KYUBIN

uously look to charisma and name recognition for bases, not towards campaign platforms and ideologies. Rampant disinformation drives on social media platforms may be a prime factor for all of this. As such, the notion of “Trumpism” could apply to Philippine politics and come to think of it, we may have already welcomed it.

To be direct, my personal views counter the very premise of “Trumpism” but I believe that it could benefit our country. Before anything else, what is Trumpism? Well, the general consensus among pundits is that Trumpism entails three things: nationalism, populism, and conservatism. The combination may not seem that threatening on its own until we add a fourth component: authoritarianism. Since his accession to the presidency in 2017, Trump has been able to maintain a cult-like following, earning him a comparison to the conservative Reagan. Painted as an “anti-establishment” movement, followers of Trumpism believe that the mainstream media is biased towards “woke” policies, attaching a negative connotation supposedly positive term. The end goal of Trumpism is to Make America Great Again, a reference to their widespread view that Washington mainstays have just served themselves, thereby failing to provide for the American people.

Reverting to how Trumpist ideals can benefit the Philippines, we start by anticipating that political dynasties will soon get a wake-up call as their reigns of power may be put to an end. Ignoring the demands of skilled labor will no longer work as they now bear the leverage to act influentially as electoral blocs akin to that of the Iglesia ni Cristo, for instance. Appealing to digital citizens becomes a given as candidates for public office are forced to present

Standardized Tests: Blockade For Those Who Deviate

by MANUEL LINDRI LUSTADO III

Standardized tests are meant to assess students’ capabilities or knowledge by means of an objective test whose results are then clustered accordingly through various thresholds or tiers. The results of these tests are usually regarded as very important to a student as these scores may grant their admission into schools or universities as well as other opportunities. However, are these numerical values that are tiered into levels, enough to fully visualize a student’s capabilities? Do these accurately represent a student’s worth and character?

Standardized tests do not wholly represent the capacities of a student and should not be the end-all-be-all for a student’s moral character or ability to think critically which should be given more importance than what it is currently receiving. The issue with the overemphasis on standardized tests in the Philippines– particularly during the college application process– exacerbates the problem. As such, there must be a change to the precedence of these tests compared to other means of assessing students like by interviews, portfolios, and essay writing.

An argument could be made that these standardized tests are important because they do somewhat show a student’s academic capabilities in terms of memorization skills. However this only illustrates a snapshot of a student’s capabilities

and is often not the whole picture. This narrow metric falls short of capturing the true depth and diversity of one’s academic qualities: traits such as critical thinking, problem-solving, resilience and grit are arguably the most valuable skills for fostering well-rounded individuals. These standardized tests may do more harm than good by blocking students from opportunities solely because they are not adept at objective tests which have the main focus on simple recall.

The call-to-action for this problem could be to not abolish these tests but for schools and institutions to not place such significance on them. Rather, they should supplement these tests with additional requirements to accurately and holistically gauge a student. These additional requirements may be essay writing, creating a portfolio to showcase a student’s more creative side perhaps, as well as interviews for the student to articulate their perspectives firsthand.

To conclude, standardized tests themselves are not inherently harmful but they may obstruct others in receiving opportunities to flourish and share their skills with the community and country. Embracing inclusivity in testing methods has the potential to foster new and innovative mentalities and ways of thinking we may have not seen before. It prompts the question: Does the Philippines truly benefit from producing more students who can merely recite information without synthesizing ideas to offer a unique perspective or create something meaningful?

and stand by their actual views on social issues. Hence, politicians and lobbyists are no longer a separate higher class. They are now endangered species.

However, as Trumpism may catalyze some of the much-needed changes in Philippine society, it still bears the incentive to do more harm than good. An example of this would be a situation wherein the disenfranchised left is ignored once again, as the extreme right enters the mainstream, slowly but surely. Presidential influence is consolidated once more as democratic disregard may quickly materialize. It is worth noting that election outcomes may not be easily accepted if such results do not favor Trump-like candidates. Culture-wise, misogynist and patriarchal themes are bound to spread. As we speak, an ideology that was meant to deliver on the promise of societal transformation easily becomes a step in the wrong direction.

In the end, the Philippines is no different from the United States. Populism is definitely universal, albeit with varying goals in mind. Only we can really safeguard our individual liberties and freedoms. To be clear, Trumpism may not be entirely wrong, only most of its elements are. Information platforms can and will turn into propaganda machines without proper regulation. If Trumpism manages to indoctrinate the Filipino nation, then that is solely our doing, no one else’s.

CDO Cafe Culture: Problem Turned Business Opportunity

by MANUEL LINDRI LUSTADO

For only spending around two hundred pesos, staying an indefinite period of time in a cafe has raised concerns among both fellow customers and local cafe owners. We have all seen this phenomenon: cafes being filled to the brim with patrons who take up space for hours, leaving no room for new customers, or groups of individuals staying at a cafe while only a small amount of them actually buy a drink to support the business. This recent development of cafe culture in Cagayan de Oro City has caused quite the controversy to various consumers who partake in said culture, deeming it as disrespectful for the main reason being that they are not paying proportionally for the services being offered by the cafe.

Many disgruntled consumers have taken to social media to express their discontent towards this recent trend in cafe culture. Statistically speaking, it is undoubtedly true that one drink is not enough to warrant a stay at a cafe for hours on end; the amount of money does not sufficiently pay for the cafe’s service, ingredients, and facilities. It is indisputable that this is not proper etiquette for those partaking in cafe culture, which its main goal is for socialisation and recreation. However, this recent trend in cafe culture has only been dividing the community and causing discomfort and irritation to others.

However, it is important to acknowledge that an individual who exhibits this recent form of cafe culture is not an ill-meaning person. It is necessary to empathize and reflect on where these people are coming from to effectively create a solution to this behaviour. Many are students whose reasoning for their prolonged stay at cafes can be due to external uncontrollable factors such as not having a proper environment for studying. By understanding the reason for this phenomenon, we can propose new ideas for local cafes to act on this by creating

guidelines to encourage proper cafe etiquette. This could include buying a drink periodically to support the business or provide limits as to not disturb or deter other customers from having a space at the cafe. This may also breed new methods for cafes to advertise their services by providing separate pricing or packages for those who wish to stay at their establishment for long amounts of time. Perhaps this could also start a collaborative spark between local owned cafes and learning institutions to provide a space for students to learn and socialise, developing a sense of community anchored in learning.

In conclusion, this recent development of cafe culture can be troubling and a nuisance to individuals viewing this at a surface level. However, by diving deeper into this phenomenon, it can be seen as a business opportunity for local cafes to capitalise on, to not only provide a remedy for this issue but to also enhance profitability and attract a broader customer base.

Editor’s Note

The Blue-Gold Visions is thrilled to present its first-ever semestral issue for AY 2023-2024! Conceived in preparation for the 2024 Division Schools Press Conference, this publication has been months in the making, starting from our initial conceptualization in late August to the release of this piece in mid-January. Deviating from the tradition of publishing just one paper for each school year, the BGV Editorial Staffers hope to showcase the best of their talents to not just the SMS community, but to the entire world as well (or maybe the universe rather).

As both the BGV Editor in Chief and the Team Captain of our 2024 DSPC Delegation, I am more than excited for what is to come. More than thirty (30) of our accomplished St. Marians compete in their respective categories this coming January 18-19, 2024. Also, we have lodged this as our official entry for the concurrent School Paper Contest in the DSPC, a first for us in recent history. May our performance in this endeavor increase the caliber set for our campus publications and I hope that the efforts we have exerted into this will result into remarkable placements and memories to cherish for the years to come.

As I conclude my six-year stint as a staffer of the Blue-Gold Visions in around six months’ time, I bring with me the experiences and lessons that I have gotten along the way. I would like to take this opportunity to extend my sincerest gratitude to my fellow administrators: Kirsten, Summer, Bianca, and Ma’am Maggie. Without their help, we could have not reached the deadline set for this issue. Special acknowledgements go to everyone else who has contributed to different aspects of this paper.

The Blue-Gold Visions has always strived to provide the highest degree of journalistic service to its community of students and stakeholders alike. While recent circumstances have tested our limits, we never gave in to failure. We ask for your prayers and support as we compete in the 2024 DSPC and we look forward to hearing from you as well. Stay tuned for our second issue slated for release around July of this year which will definitely embody a different (but still “slayful”) vibe from this one. Thank you so much and Godspeed to all.

DANIEL CHRISTOPHER B. GALUNA BGV Editor in Chief and Political Correspondent

Respected Editor,

Congratulations on the upcoming issue! The dedication and hard work of the Blue Gold Visions staff is evident in each page. As a member myself, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude for guiding us to the success of this publication. From sleepless nights to hours of writing articles, the amount of effort is commendable.

I always appreciate the unbiased articles of the publication, especially those that address the issues of our generation. Readers my age appreciate not only appreciate the “youth-oriented content”, but articles on the political state of the nation, achievements in Sports, and our own unique stories about how St. Mary’s School continues to make our mark in the city. From news to features, this publication offers both amusement and awareness.

One particular topic I would like to learn more about is the issue of vaping. What has made it into an epidemic and how can we reduce vaping in the future? This is something I hope the paper can highlight.

I can’t wait to see what’s in store for Blue-Gold Visions’ upcoming papers!

Sincerely, Maegan

TAGALOG

Stories from the Youth

FEATURE

by RIONA YNA BERNABE and ZYRAH LOUISE ABEJUELA

Paper Plane Films came to life during October 12, 2019. Inside the high school library with Joseph Salas, Yanni Lusterio, Roy Embolode. Mr. Joseph Salas said, “We started Paper Plane without having anything in mind, at that time we didn’t have any objective to showcase. We just wanted to make films.” This was all months before the pandemic, and even then, they kept on creating content for us.

Paper Plane is an organization that consists of young filmmakers and artists who aspire to create content from the perspective, lenses, and voices of the youth. “Our slogan is, ‘stories from the lenses of the youth.’” This organization has continued filming for the people to understand that we, the ‘youth’, also struggles and experience hardships. Some of the many obstacles they have encountered has been promoting their films and the lack of audience, “because, after all, our social media platform isn’t strong and not all of us in Paper Plane are social media influencers with 1k followers, were not those types,” he said, “we must do everything we can to promote our films even if we need to be thick faced about it.”

Just like in their most recent film, ‘On My 18th’, a special film that was directed and written by Mr. Joseph Salas, starring Ms. Katrina Vernadero and Ms. Tresha Macaibay. The message of this film is directed to those who aren’t that confident or brave in facing adulthood. Especially when entering 18, you get to realize that there are a lot more responsibilities that you’ll face, there will be a lot of challenges, and trials that you’ll encounter. But, at the end of the day, just like in the film, despite the many challenges we’ve faced, we continue because of the people who are there to support us and to love us for who we are.

As this is their last year as seniors a lot have asked if Paper Plane will continue to create films after graduation. Mr. Salas replied with, “A lot of people have asked that question and we even ask ourselves, what would happen to Paper Plane? Well, since we are not a profit-based organization, there is nothing to lose. What we are sure of is that we will continue. Even if the key people of Paper Plane will all take their separate paths. Maybe, even in the future we’ll expand with more connections and people.”

Graduating later this year, Mr. Salas, the team, and the fans are hopeful. Just like what Juday in ‘On My 18th’ said, —(Love yourself and the ones around you who love you. Because all of your worries will then be lightened),” it is not the end, but the start of a new journey where Paper Plane will continue to soar up high with Mr. Salas’s passion, and the love and support of everyone.

UNIS’ Debut: Where Pinoy Pride Shines Bright!

by MARIA FRANCESKA MAGTO

“Diamonds are formed under pressure, but never forget, they are not formed overnight,” a wise man once said. This is particularly true in the competitive “Universe Ticket” talent survival show on SBS, where 82 competitors compete to earn one unique pass out of eight available spots. On January 17, the Filipino representatives, 14-year-old Elisia Parmisano, 16-year-old Gehlee Dangca, and 22-year-old Hyeon-ju (better known as Belle), all officially secured a spot in the k-pop global group UNIS. We Filipinos are extremely proud of them. This comes after three exhausting months of challenges.

Due to their dedication and hard effort during the competition, all three of the women have received high rankings from the judges and fans. Everyone in their area has fallen in love with them thanks to their heavenly vocals, gorgeous visuals, and alluring auras. Elisia was the first trainee to be accepted into the group with a score of 553,483.4. Her career in acting began in 2019 and took off from there. She became a regular YouTube vlogger and, at the moment, a singing prodigy in the k-pop industry. Her infectious grin and positive attitude on life make it obvious why she is ranked first.

Gehlee also comes in at number four, having received 2,464,526 votes from fans. Her breathtaking visuals and background in pageants work together to create the self-assured, adored idol trainee that we all know and love. The judges were aware of her remarkable singing skills because they earned her a P-rank, the highest honor available for the entire competition. Last but not least, Hyeon-ju has received 496,979 votes thanks to her years of experience in official K-pop

groups and survival shows, which has demonstrated her passion for her industry. She was formerly a member of groups including GOOD DAY and Cignature, where she was crowned as a skilled dancer and vocalist.

In light of all of this, the three ladies are creating history by making it to the final round, where they will make their debut for two years and six months under F&F Entertainment, with the chance of an extension. Ultimately, we would like to say that the three girls have our undying love and support from us Filipinos as they set out on this historic journey with F&F Entertainment. We look forward to seeing what the future holds for them and other aspirant talents around the world.

Reference: RAPPLER

Joseph Marc Salas, SMS graduating student and director for Paper Plane Films.

Aspiring Filipino idols Gehlee, Elisia, and Hyeon-ju (from left to right) to debut in the upcoming girl group, UNIS. Photo retrieved from RAPPLER

Ballet Sport or Art Form?

by DANNAH RYLEIGH KRIELLE DAODAOANG and KIRSTEN CHRISTIANNE GOROSPE

Getting their first pair of pointe shoes is every little girl’s dream. They aspire to be on stage in their tutus that sparkle underneath the spotlight. One can admire how the shoes mold to your feet until you suddenly feel the ache spread throughout your body. “Beauty is Pain” is a saying we are all familiar with. Ballet is usually associated with beauty, art to be exact. To express what you truly feel through precise movements that bring pain, but it must be hidden with a smile to convince the audience that it is nothing. That is the life of a ballerina, do not let anyone know of your pain, just keep smiling unless your dance requires another emotion.

Most of us have tried ballet when we were younger but only a few stayed because it requires discipline and determination like any other sport. Ballet is a type of dance with strict rules and precise movements that must be performed with grace and fluidity, it must look like you are floating. So, what is a sport? According to Oxford Languages, a sport is “an activity involving physical exertion and skill.” If we base it on the definition, ballet can be considered a sport due to it being physically, mentally, and emotionally demanding. Ballet dancers need to go through intense training that can last up to eight hours per day. It requires out of the ordinary physical strength and flexibility. Imagine putting all your body weight onto the tip of your toes for a dance and making it look easy. You must also be able to pick up choreography quickly because they are rarely repeated by the teachers. Aside from that, it may affect the dancers emotionally. Ballet dancers often compare themselves to each other, wishing they were slimmer, lighter, more flexible, and many more. Some would even go home shedding a tear or more because of the pain they experience not only in their toes but their whole body.

Though people would consider ballet as only an art form since it is used for entertainment, so are other sports. They might not know about what a dancer must go through to be able to execute movements that way. In the end, we as dancers go through the same intense training as every other athlete does. If people will not accept ballet as a sport, they should at least consider dancers as athletes because of all the efforts they must put into at least a minute dance that makes them lose their breath and break their toes. This article is not to discourage people from taking ballet classes but to make everyone aware that it is not as easy as it looks.

“

In the end, we as dancers go through the same intense training as every other athlete does.

Dannah Ryleigh Krielle Daodaong, St. Mary’s School grade 7 student and ballet dancer.

Photo by SALT AND LIGHT STUDIOS

“ We hope we carry with you the inspiration and determination striving for a more peaceful world.

WE UNITE, WE THRIVE:

Peaceful Actions for a Safer World

by WILLIAM YAKU MONTAÑO and CHESNA FELICITY SABANAL

Some may say that humanity already possesses everything it needs. Despite this, have we truly embraced the possibility of caring for all? Millions endure suffering: innocent children, struggling mothers and vulnerable elderly. Amidst this context, St. Mary’s School organized a UN Peace Rally, which was attended by both Junior and Senior High Students.

The theme “Peaceful Actions for a Safer World” reverberated throughout the day. To begin the event, a chalk mural activity blossomed on the SMS Grounds, where students were encouraged to write and draw their thoughts and feelings about peace in the 21st century. Keynote speaker, Lucanus Azrael Igot then shed light on the complexities of the situation between Israel and Palestine. He provided a brief history about their long-term conflict and how ASEAN is cooperating with the United Nations to support peace initiatives and humanitarian efforts to the middle east. Community leader, Nadia B. Hasim, then Mrs. shared about the perspective of the Muslim community in CDO regarding the drive for Peace In light of the Israeli-Hamas/Palestine issue.

The event’s emcee, Ma’am Kyra Christianne Deceda emphasized an important word: unity. This was reflected as students from diverse faiths gathered to light candles for peace. The community prayed for victims of current conflicts war, and as the candle flames were extinguished, a poignant ceremony unfolded. All students gathered around a mound of earth and placed down their candles forming the symbol of peace. Finally the event culminated in a musical performance sung beautifully by Elisha Figura, followed by High school faculty, and last but not least, Zyrah Abejuela, who led the crowd in singing “heal the World”.

The event was concluded as Ma’am Kyra stated: “We hope we carry with you the inspiration and determination striving for a more peaceful world.’’ While the UN Rally event concluded, this really wasn’t just a fleeting moment. It left an indelible mark on the High School community and beyond.

While healing the world’s scars may seem daunting, division only deepens the wounds. Unity, that simple yet powerful word, holds the key to unlocking a better future. The UN Peace Rally stands as a beacon of this unifying ideal, a testament to the power of action, however small, in shaping a safer, more peaceful world.

Cucina Higala’s Sinuglaw: Where Tradition Meets Innovation

by ZYRAH LOUISE ABEJUELA

Cucina Higala, one of Cagayan de Oro’s wellknown restaurants, is home to fine Mindanaoan dishes. Here, Bukidnon’s flavors mingle with Kagay-anon specialties and the delicious spices of Maranao traditions. Together with my colleagues in the HUMSS strand, we each chose one specific dish on the restaurant’s menu. Our task went beyond just tasting – we aimed to explore the dish’s connection to indigenous cuisine and its role in Filipino culture and history.

Tasting my way through their menu brought me on a culinary journey across Mindanao. The beef rendang melted in my mouth, while the bamboo rice’s lingering sweetness stuck in the spaces of my mouth. Their surol chicken was comforting; the coconut milk’s taste reminded me of a lunch on an island enjoyed after a journey by the beach. The pastil with the palapa bit my tongue with the right spices. My personal favorite, the dinulutan a seda, was a taste of heaven. A samba of flavors was dancing on my tongue; the crunch of the freshly fried mudfish, the tangy lime, and the other ingredients just blended so well that the dish was worth the wait.

The dish I personally ordered was a dish so familiar and dear to me: sinuglaw

America has ceviche, Japan has sashimi, and the Philippines has kinilaw. Literally meaning as “eaten raw”, kinilaw is a seafood dish that is especially Mindanaoan. To kilaw is a process of cooking, meaning to cook the dish by soaking it in vinegar or citric acid. Some renditions make use of camote leaves, kangkong, lato, or fish (marlin or malasugi), which is the most common in Visayas and Mindanao. The dish is prepared with onion, tuba, suha (lime), ginger, chili, coconut milk in other regions, and tabon-tabon

Kinilaw is loved by Mindanaoans. Evidence of its presence dates back to the 10th to 13th century at the Balangay archeological site in Butuan. The site revealed remains of fish bones chopped in a way that suggested cubing, along with halved tabon-tabon fruits with empty

CDO’s Cafe Chronicles

centers. This suggests that the innovative cooking method is at least a thousand years old.

The brilliant minds of Visayans and Mindanaoans came together to create sinuglaw, a delightful fusion of kinilaw and sinugbang baboy. The tangy dance of fresh fish on your tongue pairs perfectly with the crunch and the saltiness of the pork, offering the best of both worlds.

Growing up in Cagayan de Oro, I have been accustomed to eating sinugba and kinilaw separately and loving them even more together. A family outing on the beach is never complete without sinugbang baboy or kinilaw. Usually, they are both prepared separately and I’m the one who voluntarily mixes them together. I enjoy it best with a glass of cold soda and a cup of bahaw nga kan-on. Sinuglaw, without a doubt, is one of my favorite dishes, evoking a sense of home with every bite.

Though in this case, it fell short of my expectations, lacking the nostalgic burst that I had anticipated. While it was an ‘okay’ experience, it did not compare to papa’s sinugba mixed with my lola’s kinilaw. Their sinuglaw tasted creamier and sweeter, more like drinking coconut juice, missing that tangy sourness that I love. Nonetheless, I commend them for the crunchy twist ofadding dilis (salted dried fish), making it a unique encounter and giving me a refreshing perspective to the dish. I would definitely recommend Cucina Higala as it makes some of the best Mindanaoan dishes but if you lean more towards traditional sinuglaw– like me–it might be wise to steer clear of ordering it here.

by EARTH THEA ELLORIN and MAEGAN GOMEZ SUAZO

Acafe is more than just a place to sip coffee: it is a home away from home, a safe haven for creative expression. Cafes play a vital role in fostering social connections; every visit is a chance to immerse yourself in different communities. If you’re lucky, you’ll get to find kindred spirits—individuals with the same interests, beliefs, and morals as you. Of course, you should find a café with the ambiance and services that suit you best. To help you out, here are a few cafés you should definitely visit in our city.

Established in 2017, Bowerbird Coffee draws inspiration from an Australian bird that is noted for gathering various objects to build its nest and draw in mates. Reflecting this creativity, the cafe exudes a warm and inviting atmosphere, and a homey and artistic feel. Baristas, like Ate Glory are incredibly pleasant and kind, and embody a clear passion for their craft. Ate Glory, who transitioned from a customer to a barista, says: “if you ask what makes Bowerbird different then its that we as baristas are very passionate in our crafts. Our tagline here is creativity and passion in a cup and here in bowerbird we live by that. Its very evident in our work and I think thats something that makes us different.’’ She states that Bowerbird is a safe space and even as a barista she still feels that way. Bowerbird is also very student friendly and affordable, with prices that don’t go past 200php. They truly live up to their tagline: “Creativity and Passion in a Cup.”

If you like art and coffee, Mai Churros is the cafe for you.

Formerly known as Mai Crafts, Mai Churros is famous for their churros, but their coffee is great as well.. This cafe, transformed in 2015 by its owner Ms. Mai, afe is filled with her paintings and a collection of antiques unique to the cafe. This makes it the perfect place to stay if you’re in a creative mood. Ms. Mai has always liked coffee and painting so she decided to create a place with both. Stay here for the coffee, the artsy vibe, and of course, the churros.

A testament to years of backbreaking aspirations to finally reaching the peak of the mountain; Lifeline is a “dream come true”, according to owners Ms. Go and Mr. Tan. Its striking sage green walls stand beside the busy street of Tomas Saco, a colour impossible to overlook. The moment you step inside this green haven, you are instantly greeted with a warm smile.

With a commitment to both both quality and quantity, Lifeline provides you with a host of delectable choices. It is also the perfect place for you to focus, stretch out your productivity, and achieve your daily goals. That being said, it can also be a place for you to do nothing at all: a spot where you can unwind, enjoy yourself, and simply pass the time. Keep an eye out for the chance of meeting Nyor the pup, too– Lifeline is definitely worth a visit.

Retrieved from HAPPY AND BUSY TRAVELS

#1 BOWERBIRD

#2 MAI CHURROS 3#

artwork

Unraveling the TeenageVAPING Epidemic

Vaping, the act of inhaling and exhaling aerosol produced by an e-cigarette or a similar device, has cast a dark cloud over society, particularly concerning its impact on teenagers. For those unfamiliar, e-cigarettes operate by heating a liquid containing nicotine, artificial flavors, and other chemicals, creating a vapor that is then inhaled. While initially marketed as a less harmful alternative for smokers, vaping has captured the attention of a young generation and is fast becoming a public health concern.

The rise of teenage vaping can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the appealing flavors offered by vaping products play a crucial role in attracting younger users. The deceptive sweetness of vape flavors mask the harshness of nicotine, making them more appealing. Moreover, the misconception that vaping is a harmless alternative to traditional cigarettes further fuels its popularity among teens. Marketing campaigns and misinformation

by BERNICE LARA ARAGON

tactics downplay the health risks of e-cigarettes instead of portraying them as the potentially dangerous devices that they truly are.

Peer influence stands as another influential factor. Research indicates that teenagers with friends or family members who vape are likely to engage in vaping themselves. Additionally, the stresses of teenage life, such as academic pressure, social dynamics, and emotional challenges, can also prompt them to seek coping mechanisms. Vaping, perceived as a way to manage anxiety, becomes an appealing option for adolescents.

However, the appeal of vaping hides significant risks, especially for adolescent health. Nicotine, present in most vaping products, poses dangers to the still-developing adolescent brain. It can adversely impact attention, learning, and mood regulation. Studies suggest that nicotine exposure during adolescence can rewire the brain, leading to increased susceptibility to addiction and substance abuse later in life.

Vaping also exposes the body to other harmful chemicals and toxins, including ultrafine particles that can be inhaled deep into the lungs, volatile organic compounds, and heavy metals such as nickel, tin, and lead, which pose various respiratory health risks.

The surge in teenage vaping is not just a simple issue but rather, a complex interplay of social and psychological influences. In navigating this public health concern, it is important to recognize the nuanced reasons behind this epidemic. Safeguarding the well-being of teenagers requires a collective effort not only from our parents, but educators, healthcare professionals, and society as a whole. By understanding and addressing the drivers of teenage vaping, we can steer fellow youth toward healthier choices and a brighter, vape-free future.

Reference: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

A man blowing a puff of smoke.

Photo by SANTIAGO SOLER

Decades Later: Bataan Nuclear Power Plant Resurgence

by BERNICE LARA ARAGON and LUIS BENEDICT RAYOS

In the face of depleting natural resources in the Philippines, interests have surged in the potential of nuclear energy. Amidst all these, President Ferdinand “Bong Bong” Marcos Jr. has expressed his plans to revive the decades-old Bataan Nuclear Power Plant. With our current level of technology, nuclear power remains the strongest source of energy that we have. Not only can it provide more power that non-renewable sources of energy, it is also a clean source of power. If nuclear energy is so clean and powerful, should we utilize it in our country where energy demands are increasing yearly?

The power plant was initiated by former president and dictator Ferdinand Marcos and completed in 1986, marking Southeast Asia’s first nuclear power plant. However, it faced opposition from the public due to the plant’s inadequate safety measures, threat of earthquakes, and lack of budget. Thus, it was shut down in the same year and has never been turned on ever since.

Nuclear power plants operate through a process called fission, where an atom is split into two or more nuclei by firing a particle at it. This process releases large amounts of energy in the form of heat, driving turbines for electricity production. While nuclear power plants generate waste, it is considerably less than that produced by fossil fuels.

Consume, Process, and Spit Out:

How Does AI Affect Creatives?

by TARA RAFAELLE AZNAR

Undoubtedly, a nuclear-powered Philippines sounds ideal, but on the other side of the coin, there are some major drawbacks to be taken into consideration. Nuclear power plants require stringent safety and security measures, as accidents could release dangerous levels of radiation over an area. In the event of an accident, radioactive materials from the plant could contaminate people, food, water, and animals in the vicinity. Those living close to the plant may also experience longterm health effects like cancer.

Another thing to consider is the cost to ensure that these plants will be safely operated. The Bataan nuclear power plant was completed over 30 years ago. The technology found inside it is outdated and its structure is showing its age. Reviving such a large and old facility is expensive and extremely risky. In addition, uranium, the fuel used to produce nuclear energy, is not available in the country. Thus, we would still have to import uranium from countries with the resources.

Amidst growing concerns over climate change, it is important to consider alternate ways of generating energy. However, we must also weigh the drawbacks of nuclear power. It is imperative to approach this situation with practicality and realism rather than making decisions through rose-colored glasses. While the prospect of nuclear energy in the Philippines may sound enticing, we unfortunately are not ready for it yet.

“How do AI generated images affect artists?”

With the rising popularity of artificial intelligence (AI) generation, we have entered an era where most things can be replicated through AI: from words, personalities, music, and even voices. We have reached a period wherein AI has reached new heights and capabilities that even the public are able to access with a simple Google search.

because of this, many artists’ works are frequently taken, and used for training AI without any credit or compensation; lowering the value of their works as a consequence.

One such field that AI has managed to make its rounds is in the realm of image generation, particularly in the art field. Popular examples of such AI image generators include ChatGPT, Dall-E and even Canva. The logic behind their popularity is quite simple, actually. An act as easy such as inputting a prompt, choosing a specific style or theme, and clicking the ‘generate’ button is already enough to generate a piece of AI.

The premise of this editorial is not to point out the convenience of using platforms but rather, how can these be utilized ethically and responsibly? Also, would AI significantly influence real artists who spend precious time and effort in creating art?

To put it simply, it is stated in an article by Hypotenuse AI (2023) that in order for AI generators to achieve results in this era of technology, the AI must train itself to generate and predict the results of a certain keyphrase by sifting through, and scanning pre-existing works and media, often taking parts of it to refine and hone its end products to the point that it may seem almost manmade,

This does not only relate to image generation however, as we can see this in how AI trains itself to create paragraphs, sounds and even voices; nonetheless, image generation is the most blatant example of how AI art can be used to plagiarize and steal, since AI generation is so readily available to users today. This poses the possibility that AI art could become more accepted and normalized, affecting the art industry as a whole as well as the livelihoods of many artists who actually put time and effort into their crafts, since most people would invest in the convenience of AI rather than the slow and meticulous process of an artist creating their work.

Though AI will most likely never achieve the touch of ‘humanity’ in its work, will that even matter in the eyes of consumers when fast speed and availability are concerned? Will art eventually evolve into a commodity rather than something to be treasured and protected?

As an artist myself, I often think about these developments, especially when considering a job in the visual arts field. I think about whether or not those who dream of creating and painting professionally still have a chance to thrive in this industry, an industry that seems so prepared to replace artists with a quicker, more mechanical alternative.

The mothballed Bataan Nuclear Power Plant.

Photo retrieved from IANFULGAR

ROTORAS

Love, Scientifically

by BERNICE LARA ARAGON

Love, the universal intense emotion, has captivated the attention of poets and artists for centuries. It is often depicted as something that is complex and multifaceted, affecting the very center of our being. For a long, long time, we have tried to make sense of this emotion, and recent studies from Australian universities might just have the answer.

One of the main characteristics of love is that it causes people to behave differently. In a study conducted by the Australian National University, the University of South Australia, and the University of Canberra, researchers found that under the influence of love, the brain is affected. By peering into the love-struck minds of over 1,556 young adults, their study unveiled a fascinating truth: love isn’t merely a fleeting feeling; it’s a powerful force that actually rewires our neural landscape. At the heart of love, is the brain.

In the study, one of the findings is that romantic love affects a person’s behavior and emotion. This is actually because of the hormone oxytocin. When we interact with loved ones, this hormone circulates throughout the nervous system, as well as our bloodstream. Oxytocin is like a chemical messenger in the brain and plays an important role in behavior and social interaction including romantic love and sexual arousal among others.

Another hormone, dopamine, is also released

The Nipah Virus Scare in CDO

by BERNICE LARA ARAGON and LUKE ALBERT PLAMOR

In September 2023, a wave of flu-like symptoms swept through schools in Cagayan de Oro city, prompting concerns among educators and parents. Responding swiftly, some schools shifted to online learning as a precautionary step to contain the spread of illness among students. Suspicions initially pointed towards the Nipah virus (NiV), as the potential cause of this surge in illnesses.

The Nipah virus in question is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Henipavirus. It is a zoonotic virus, meaning that it initially spreads between animals and people. The animal host reservoir for NiV is the fruit bat (genus Pteropus), also known as the flying fox. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), this virus was first identified during outbreaks in Southeast Asia in 1999, where it led to nearly 300 cases and more that 100 deaths in Malyasia and Singapore.

NiV displays a range of symptoms from fever, headaches, and dizziness to respiratory problems like cough and breathing difficulties. In severe

cases, it may escalate into the alarming prospect of encephalitis or the swelling of the brain, resulting in seizures and potential coma. The resemblance of these symptoms to common flu viruses added complexity to the situation observed among students in Cagayan de Oro city.

Responding to the concerns of the community, the Department of Health (DOH) in Northern Mindanao promptly initiated an investigation in collaboration with the Cagayan de Oro City Health Office. However, DOH-Northern Mindanao Director Ellenietta Gamolo claimed that ‘there are no confirmed cases of Nipah virus in the country.’ Despite similar signs and symptoms among students and faculty, there wasn’t conclusive evidence to attribute the illness to the NiV.

To maintain safety, stringent health protocols such as mask-wearing and physical distancing were recommended for students, faculty, and staff. Regardless of whether the illness stemmed from common flu viruses or the NiV, observing these health protocols is still important. As the situation improved and panic declined, in-person classes resumed, thankfully averting prolonged disruptions to education.

Reference: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

during romantic love. Dopamine, on the other hand, is also linked to pleasure and motivation. The release of these hormones is what gives love its reputation. According to Dr. Phili Kavanaugh, a professor from the University of South Australia, the way the object of our affection becomes an important fixture in our lives is because of the two hormones oxytocin and dopamine. When these two hormones combine, they bring about that feeling associated with love. As this causes changes in brain activity, the object of one’s affection takes center stage.

Although love is often regarded as a mysterious force, there are reasons that lie beneath the surface. This is just the beginning; the next phase of the study will focus on the gender differences in approaches to love, and will identify distinct types of romantic lovers worldwide. Much can still be gathered and learned about the many aspects of this complex emotion that sweeps us off our feet.

Reference: INQUIRER.net

THE FILIPINAS’ WORLD CUP DEBUT:

One for the Books

In 2023, the Philippine women’s football team etched their name in Philippine Sports history, striking their way in the Women’s World Cup for the first time. The tournament was hosted by Austria New Zealand on July 20 to August 20, 2023. Led by Coach Alen Stajcic and their captain Hali Long, the team faced challenging opponents, including a tough opening match against Switzerland surrounded by a crowd of more than 13,000 at the Forsyth Barr Stadium. While this match resulted in a loss of 2-0 in favor of Switzerland, this set the scene for a historic triumph. Against the

by BIANCA CZARINA RAZON

co-host of this tournament, New Zealand, Sarina Bolden scored a header goal and celebrated proudly as she gained the first goal for the Philippines during the 24th minute of the match. As the final whistle came, the team celebrated with pride in front of the whole crowd with a score of 1-0.

Though their final game in the World Cup against Norway ended with the devastating results of 6-0, the Filipinas surely made the country truly proud. Not only did they make history, but they also proved what Filipina women are capable of. A lot of firsts happened throughout the tournament: they were the first Philippine team

Precious Cabuya Wins Gold in World Record Breaking Fashion - SEA Games 2023

by KEVIN CARL CHING

The Filipina athlete Precious Cabuya has broken barriers and shattered world records during the 2023 SEA Games held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Cabuya clocked in a never before seen time of 33.127 seconds in the 100 meter Obstacle Course Race.

Obstacle Course Racing, or OCR, is a sport in which a competitor traveling on foot must overcome various physical challenges in the form of physical obstacles. The sport is usually composed of elements from track and field, road or cross country trail running, which include climbing over bars, beams, walls, going over ropes, lifting heavy objects, going over water or mud, crawling under a barb wire, and jumping over logs of fire to finish a race.

Precious Cabuya, in world-breaking fashion, brings home a gold medal with an astonishing time of 33.127 seconds in the 100m OCR, beating the previous world record set by Kaizen Dela Serna, a fellow Philippine teammate (won silver in the same event) which was an impressive 39.42 seconds.

Precious Cabuya is a true example of a world class athlete who inspires others through a relentless pursuit of excellence with humility. To add to this statement, this is Cabuya’s message to Dela Serna after she won her deserved gold placing: “To Kaizen, my strongest opponent in the course but also one of the people who is closest to my heart, gold or silver it doesn’t matter. My triumph is your triumph as well.”

to grace the World Cup stage, the first to score a goal, and the first to secure a victory. The Filipinas proved that nothing is impossible with hard work and passion, and that anyone can get through to what seems impossible. Even if they did not win the World Cup, they still poured out their hearts for the whole country.

References: FOX Sports. RAPPLER. INQUIRER.net.

References: RAPPLER. WORLD OBSTACLE. Tiebreaker Times. Retrieved from

Photo by ASIAN FOOTBALL CONFEDERATION

CHING and FORTICH: Caliber Athletes of SMS

by ELISHA KYLE CANIOS

The spirit of St. Mary’s School soared high in 2023 national competitions, with athletes Kevin Carl Ching and Juan Manuel Paras Fortich adding their names to the school’s growing list of sporting heroes.

In the recently concluded Palarong Pambansa, Region 10 ranked 11 in the final and official medal tally, garnering 72 medals in total. Among the standout competitors was St. Marian Taekwondo phenom Kevin Carl Ching, who graced his debut in the competition in Marikina City. The 16-year-old student-athlete won a bronze medal in the bantamweight category, weighing 49 kg to 51kg in the secondary division. Carl played three games in total, defeating athletes from Regions 9 and 8 before falling short to NCR in the semi-finals.

Meanwhile, Juan Manuel Paras Fortich had an outstanding finish in the Sunrise Go for Gold Sprint Bohol Triathlon competition. Out of 81 participants in the sprint, Juan placed seventh in his age group and ranked 16th overall. The competition, hosted by the IRONMAN group, which operates internationally, attracted athletes from all over the world, including Triathlon Philippine National Team players like Matthew Hermosa, a 2023 Sea Games gold medalist in the Aquathlon Mix Team Relay. Juan mentioned that the swimming and biking parts were the most challenging, while he was satisfied with the running part. “My goal was to go fast and do my best,” Juan added. Setting a new personal record of 21:37 for the 5km distance, Juan proved that his tenacity propelled him to great heights.

OnceCHOT REYES: Fame to Infamy

by ELISHA KYLE CANIOS Photo by FIFA

celebrated as the former head coach of the Philippine Basketball National Team (Gilas Pilipinas) and multi-awarded PBA head from 1993 to 2013, Chot Reyes currently navigates a landscape of controversy. His journey is a fascinating study of remarkable achievements and turbulence between fervent basketball fans.

In the international scene, Reyes was highly credited by Filipino basketball fans when he steered the national team to a championship against the United States Jones Cup National Team at the 2012 William Jones Cup with a 76-75 win. The team only had a single loss in their final standings, ending the tournament with a best win-loss record. Likewise, Reyes brought pride and joy to Filipino basketball fans when he brought the team to a historic silver medal finish at the 2013 FIBA Asia Championship. He even ended the Philippines’ 40-year drought in the FIBA World Cup, although the team’s 1-4 standing left Filipino fans yearning for more.

However, things went amiss when the controversial 2014 Asian Games occurred, where Gilas concluded the tournament with a seventh-place finish. The squad was two points up against Kazakhstan but needed 11 points to enter the semi-finals. In a desperate attempt to force overtime, Reyes infamously instructed Marcus Douthit to deliberately shoot at the opponent’s goal, which led the referees to nullify the points and award them to Kazakhstan. This shook the Philippine basketball world to its core, marring Reyes’ legacy.

Following the unfortunate ending of the 2014 Asian Games, there were calls for the resignation of Chot Reyes as the head coach of Gilas Pilipinas. Reyes’ decision to order Marcus Douthit to deliberately shoot an “own goal”, which cost the team a spot in the semi-finals, generated criticisms from basketball fans and experts. Reyes, who had formerly

been indulged in glorification for leading the national team to notable triumphs, was now being held responsible for one of the biggest blunders in Philippine basketball history. Despite everything, Reyes remained defiant and stood firm with no regrets about his last resort decision. However, his reputation as an honorable coach was irreparably damaged. This would then pave the way for more netizens to question his capabilities to lead the national team in games.

In Reyes’ return as head coach in 2017, Gilas only managed to finish seventh in the FIBA World Cup. As Gilas suffered multiple losses with great margins against other teams, this further strained his relationship with his once supportive fanbase.

The netizens’ lament and hostility against Reyes as Head Coach resurfaced and escalated once again when he made a comeback and took over Coach Tab Baldwin for the 2023 FIBA World Cup Championship. Gilas remained winless in their first three fights, which upset netizens and analysts who blamed Reyes and his ineffective system. Online, he was mocked and called names such as “Coach Choke”, and his past remarks about the team’s “learning experience” backfired and became meme-worthy amongst Filipino Basketball fans. The clamor for Reyes’ resignation on social media continued to perpetuate day by day, until finally he stepped down as head coach of the Gilas after the win against China, ending the World Cup with a 1-3 standing and finishing 24th out of 32 teams.

Despite the criticism, Reyes’ legacy remains complex. Self-proclaimed “the most hated man in PH Basketball,” Chot Reyes has won nine championships and holds the record of a six-time PBA Coach of the Year. This showed the competitiveness and strong determination of the Filipino fans when it comes to Philippine Basketball.

St. Mary’s Alumni Take Down Varsity in Thrilling Foundation Day Clash

by ELISHA KYLE CANIOS

On September 9, 2023, a thrilling voll -eyball showdown between the current varsity team and alumni took place. It was a thriller four-set match: 16-25, 25-23, 25-22, and 26-28. In the end, the St. Mary’s Alumni team ultimately emerged victorious.

The game was a testament to the school’s vibrant volleyball legacy. “I was glad to see my co-alumni and was amazed because I got to team up with the older batches,” said Nadine Butad, former captain of the SMS volleyball team. She also mentioned how she felt proud and honored to be a St. Marian, as the school produces promising and outstanding players. “It warms my heart to see the current team doing their best to keep the pride of the school,” she added.

On the other side of the net, Jahnna Catiil, the current captain of the SMS Girls Volleyball team, said, “It [the game] was fun because we just enjoyed the game and simultaneously sad because it was our first time to go up against our seniors last year.” The latter expressed her elation about the chemistry they have built as a team and is looking forward to their upcoming games.

The current and former captains of the SMS girls volleyball team expressed their enjoyment during the match and are definitely looking forward to the next matchup with each other. They might be on different teams, but they sure still share the same St. Marians value on and off the court.

Taekwondo player Kevin Carl Ching (left) and triathlete Juan Manuel Paras Fortich (right).

Carl and Juan’s performances showcased their dedication and talents in their respective sports. Overall, both St. Marian athletes share the same sentiments about their experiences being one for the books.

INTRAMURALS UNLEASHED:

by YANNAH ANGELA ABUCAY

Last October 18 to 20, 2023, St. Mary’s School held their most awaited annual intramurals. With the theme “Win or lose, it’s the values we choose”, each grade level in the High School Department battled it out in different sports, demonstrating their talents and spirit of sportsmanship and camaraderie. Representatives from each batch, together with the Student Council and sports coordinator, Sir Ian Zapanta, orchestrated the said event into a huge success.

The intramurals feature a wide range of activities that challenge both the body and the mind. opening program set the stage for the three day event, as each batch trooped to the covered courts in a colorful parade, followed by the urn lighting, and the oath of sportsmanship. After sir Ian Zapanta officially opened the games, Engr. Kaycee Nolasco, an alumnus, performed an exciting bike stunt. Students cheered for their batch representatives for the Mr. and Miss Intramurals Contest that followed. The rest of the day focused on fun games like tug of war, and sack race, as well as basketball, volleyball, table tennis, E Sports and chess events.

The spirit of competition continued in the second and third days, as 3x3 basketball, futsal, and the racket sport badminton matches were held. On the night of October 19, the dance sport competition showcased a mesmerizing display of skill and synchronized movements that impressed the audience. The following evening, October 20, featured breathtaking cheer dance performances from each grade level, concluding with an awarding and closing ceremonies.

Beyond the scores and the trophies, the vibrant atmosphere, cheer ing audience, and the spirit of sportsmanship made the intramurals truly memorable. The great sense of camaraderie within the batches resulted long lasting memories that extended beyond the field of sports.

WIN OR LOSE, IT’S THE VALUES WE CHOOSE

OVERALL CHAMPIONS

Grade 12

1ST RUNNER-UP

Grade 11

2ND RUNNER-UP

Grade 10

3RD RUNNER-UP

Grades 8 & 9

4TH RUNNER-UP

Grade 7

SPORTSMANSHIP AWARD

Grade 10

Basketball Boys

G11 (Kobi Pasco - MVP)

Basketball Girls

G12 (Abby Paurom - MVP)

Volleyball Boys

G10 (Gideon Zapanta - MVP)

Volleyball Girls

Table Tennis Boys

G12 (Martin Abas - MVP)

Table Tennis Girls

G12 (Mia Diana - MVP)

Scrabble

G12 (Rowma Lactao - MVP)

Chess Girls

G10 (Chesna Sabanal - MVP)

Chess Boys

G12 (Gian Llego - MVP

Othello Girls

G11 (Summer Temple - MVP)

Othello Boys

G11 (Kiefer Cabardo - MVP)

Dance Sport Champion - Grade 11 (Kirsten Gorospe, Bono Torrejos)

Mr. and Ms. Intrams

Grade 11 (Lee Salana, Veyda Uba)

LIST OF WINNERS