Technical Report by Bogdan Birau

Integrated Technology and Professional Practice Greenwich Palio

Bogdan Birau Unit 3 Id No: 000796233-9 BA(Hons) Architecture University of Greenwich

Table of Contents

PART ONE

PART TWO

PART THREE

-Unit brief -Personal brief -Site Plan -Greenwich Timeline -Greenwich History -Greenwich Peninsula Master Plan -Site Movement -Opportunities and Constraints -The Site -Site Photos -Site study-functions -Site study-roads & traffic -Conceptual strategies and responses -Precedents and References -Palio di Siena -Umberto Boccioni -Parc de la Villette -Organisational Diagram Workshop -Organisational Diagram Houses -Initial Proposal-Plan -Initial Proposal-Long Section -Plans -Sections -Environmental Influences of Site -Sun Study -Wind Study -Geology

-Client -Planning: Application and Permission -Planning: Framework Development -Building Control -Approved Documents Part B -Approved Documents Part K -Approved Documents Part L -Permanent Structures Procurement -Temporary Structures Procurement -Riba Stages -Building Phases

-Arrangement Strategy Sequence -Arrangement Strategy -Structure -Construction Method for Housing -Construction Method for Temporal Structures -Building Fabric - Facade -Building Fabric - Shading Fabric -Materials CLT -Materials GRP -Stables -Temporary Condition Promenade and Grandstand -Workshop Extension -Details of Key Junctions -Roof Detail -Window Detail -Ceiling Detail -Temporary Structures Houses -Moderating the Internal Environment -Natural Ventilation Through Tower -Heating for Workshops -Heating for Houses -Thermal/Weather Barrier -Plans and Sections -Ground Level Workshop Plan -First Floor Workshop Plan -Vip Stand Plan -Workshop Long Section -Workshop Section -Plans for Houses -Sections for Houses -Reference List

Part One - Introduction

Unit Brief The fringes of the inner city have traditionally attracted the occupation of unregulated performance and entertainment. In the middle ages, the South Bank, physically and politically severed from the centre of the city, became an unfettered haven of theatre, entertainment and debauchery. This tradition of defiant indulgence continued with the 18th century Vauxhall pleasure gardens offering fantasy and mystery to London’s middle classes - its evening events offering dark corners and informal settings for various forms of indulgence and depravity which continued late into the mid 19th century. After the Second World War the temporary cultural metropolis created by the Festival of Britain cemented the South Bank’s status as a cultural centre; encouraging the growth of adjacent creative enterprise it unwittingly retains many forms of underground and rebellious activity. Today, it is London’s post-industrial terrain that is attracting creative occupation. Low-rent flexible spacetypes are affording economic, political and creative freedom to artists and performers through

imaginative temporary re-appropriation of space. These creative physical manipulations can lead to a dramatic shift in perception of derelict places, often encouraging long-term social and economic regeneration. In recent years the power of this trend has been exploited by both developers and local government to stimulate land value and housing prices. In some instances this has created a sustainable, ‘natural’ growth centred around a socio-cultural core of activity based on human interaction. In others, and more commonly, it is manipulated as a gestural act to facilitate unrelated, large scale, master-planned developments focussed on capital rather than social growth. It could be argued that the current development of Greenwich Peninsular is symptomatic of the latter. As a counterpoint, in this project we will employ the use of performance architecture as a trigger for localised urban activation. We will develop proposals for guerrilla structures that intend to construct a new identity, and an infrastructure that establishes a localised model for socially-driven urban growth.

There is an opportunity to stimulate the growth of a social-cultural core on Greenwich Peninsula that would be defined by human interaction and local needs.

Personal Brief

Through new means of designing and thinking architecture like bespoke, rapid fabrication and temporary architecture, we as architects must explore and experiment with buildings and installations so that we can reestablish the relations between a building and its occupant. This is also an occasion to educate and work with the client so that they will have a better understanding on the social, economic, politic and environment impact of a project. Nowadays we have new ways of thinking and creating architecture due to the fact that digital technology had rapidly advanced and the potential of rapid fabrication gives us the opportunity to make the time from planning/designing to physical building much shorter. This may be an asset for future designing because it means that we can produce very fast a response to what the society needs.

Temporary architecture has a unique quality. It can be deployed to serve a temporary purpose and in time it can change its function and shape. This means that we may be able to implement a new mentality of designing and construction. It will no longer be architecture that seems to be endless in life and serving one function, but we can find use of the same space, serving multiple functions and requirements over time, and it can be constantly changing; it could be an architecture that adapts in time and has little impact on the economy and the environment. There are many examples in which a building which loses its purpose, it is abandoned and becomes a ruin. In many cases we have to demolish old developments and make way for new ones. In our coming future we can no longer do that, but create spaces that shift in time in terms of function and performance.

The project sets to tackle with these aspects by establishing a permanent infrastructure that would improve connectivity on site and it will hold temporal structures in order to create an appropiate environment for cultural events. Using rapid fabrication it will enhance the process of design and construction.

Site Plan

Site Location

The site is located on the east side of Greenwich Peninsula. Surrounding the site there is the Emirates Air Lines, the Norh Greenwich bus stop and the O2 Arena.

Site Plan - Scale 1:5000

Greenwich Timeline The timeline marks the moments when the peninsula characterestics changed from agriculture purposes to the industrial era to itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fallout. Nowadays the site presents a contrast between the postindustrial areas and the redeveloped areas.

Greenwich History

Around 1920 the whole landscape of Greenwich Peninsula had changed, from being primarily agricultural to being completely dominated by industry. It is from this point in history that the maps of the peninsula become more detailed and give us a stronger sense of the changing character of the area. Two of the most notable developments in this time were the opening of the Blackwall tunnel in 1897 and the movement of Metropolitan Gasworks onto the peninsula in the 1880s. These developments radically changed the area and it went from a sleepy rural area to an infamously crowed and polluted area in a short space of time.

This is a scketch from 1920 showing how the gas works and the industry looked on the Peninsula. In our present days all that has survived is one gas holder structure. Perspective over Industrial Greenwich

Greenwich Peninsula Masterplan

Greenwich Peninsula Masteplan

The Royal Borough of Greenwich is seeking to create a new and exciting mixed use area which includes leisure, education, employment and housing. This SPD provides the development framework to steer development in this part of the Royal Borough for years to come. The west side of the Greenwich Peninsula is a relatively under developed area that has been held back by two century-old factors: the remnants of its industrial history and the southern approach to Blackwall tunnel. The objectives for the Greenwich Peninsula Masterplan are as following: 1.To transform the contribution of the area to the Royal Borough and the sub-region by focusing development and regeneration around a new multi-purpose sports/entertainment/ education facility that links with, and complements the offer at the O2 Arena. 2.To provide employment and education opportunities of excellence.

The project meets the objectives set in the Masterplan. The sport event will bring complementary facilities to the existing O2 Arena. There will be a set of workshops that will serve the development of the piazza and the they will be responsible for the temporal structures build on site for the event. This will give opportunity to provide employment for the workshops and the temporary jobs for the event. There will be a housing complex that will serve as housing for the people working at the workshops.

3.To realise the unique design and other opportunities offered by this Thames Side location. 4.To improve transport and pedestrian links in to, out of, and through the area. 5.To provide a major Thames Side mixed use development with seamless links to historic Greenwich and the masterplanned zone of Greenwich Peninsula adjacent to the O2 6. To provide development of the highest design and sustainable quality.

Awards Civic Trust Award for Landscaping Works 2002

Greenwich Peninsula

www.rsh-p.com / ÂŠ 2007

Site Movement

The diagram shows the movment on site and the key junctions between transport. There is good connectivity on site with the rest of the city through different ways of transport, bus, tube, gondola or bike paths.

Opportunities and constraints River frontage The Greenwich Peninsula West SPD site spans an inflection in the Thames natural curvature. This creates an opportunity to create a vibrant riverfront with views up and down the peninsula

Views With the riverfront orinted west the site has unostructed views towards Canary Wharf and historic Greenwich. Views towards Central London may be possible from taller buildings.

Historic Greenwich

A102

The proximity of the Maritime Greenwich World Heritage Site is a key tourist attraction. Public realm improvements to the Thames path and better tourist infrastructure could make Greenwich Peninsula a part of Greenwich tourist experience.

Along the eastern edge of the Peninsula West Development SIte, the A102 leads towards the Blackwall Tunnel. Traffic on the A102 can often be severe and there are limited opportunities for pedestrians to cross safetly. Development of the proposed Silvertown link will increase the significance of the A102.

Significant Buildings O2 Arena To the north of the Peninsula , the O2 areana is one of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s most popular indoor entertainment venues. Combined with historic Greenwich this is another powerfull visitor attraction.

A number of significant buildings and structures currently exist within and around the masterplan site. Enderby House to the south, the Blackwall Tunnel entrance and the gas holder structure should be maintained as important historical assets.

The Site The site is located at a junction between three secondary roads between the Emirates Airlines and the North Greenwich Bus Station. The site has direct acces from the O2 Arena square.

E Parkside Road

North Greenwich Bus Stop 14

2 O2 Arena

Emirates Airlines

Site Photos

Aerial View over the Site - O2 Arena and Gas holder in perspective against Canary Wharf in the background

View towards West Parkside Road - in perspective O2 Arena and office buildings

View towards East Parkside Road

Site study

Residential Office Education O2 Arena Bus Stop The site is generaly underdeveloped with few residential blocks and office buildings. There is a bus stop which makes connection with the Jubilee tube line. There is also in the east side of the peninsula a gondola which makes connection over the river with Silvertown.

The Pier Emirates Airlines The Jetti Gas Holder Deposits Commercial

Site Traffic

Heavy Traffic Medium Traffic Light Traffic The traffic on site is described in the diagram. It shows which are the heaviest used roads and which one are the lightest. The site for the Greenwich Palio is located on east side of the peninsula next where the traffic permits the development for the event.

Conceptual strategies and responses Deposit

This project is about creating an infrastructure that holds temporal structures for an event/performance held once an year with a strong reputation and tradition in the United Kindom, horse racing. The project persues the ideea of creating a community that will build up the event every year and grow it. This eneables the project to have a realtion between permanent and temporal structures. The site is located on Greenwich Peninsula between the Emirates Airlines and the North Greeniwich Bus Station. It will hold a housing complex and set of workshops for the artists that will occupie the houses. These workshops will be responsible for the development of the event each year.

Tower

Stables

Tower, Grandstand

Workshops

Race Track Piazza Piazza, Promenade, Grandstand

House

Race Track

House

House Grandstand

Permanent condition

Temporary condition

House Grandstand

Precedents and References

Palio di Siena “Piazza del Campo” is still used today for the well known Palio horse race which is one of the most famous popular Italian manifestations. It takes place every year on July 2 and August 16. The Palio is run to celebrate the miraculous apparition of the Virgin Mary near the old houses that belonged to Provenzano Salvani. The holy apparition was therefore called “Madonna di Provenzano” in whose honour the very first Palio was run on August 16, 1656. The Palio was run for the first time in 1701 in honour of the “Madonna dell’Assunta” the patroness and Advocate of Siena through all the tragic events since she protected the Sienese militia at the famous battle of Monteaperti on September 4, 1260, against the Florentines. The preparations for this parade are slow and methodic like a liturgical procedure. Four days before the day of the Palio trials take place in the “Campo” square which is turned into a race track. A thick layer of earth is spread on the ground and a row of mattresses is placed against the walls at the dangerous corner of San Martino to protect the jokeys in case they fall.

Pallio di Sienna Piazza The whole square is amazingly fit for such manifestations because its shape is that of a mediaeval Roman amphitheatre closed at the base by the straight line of the Palazzo Pubblico. Besides being semi-circular this peculiar square is also funnel-shaped like the theatres of the imperial age. Eleven streets run into it, though it is extremely difficult to percieve them from the middle of the square. All around the track, perched up against the walls of the houses, seats are arranged one behind and above the other like bleachers. Windows, balconies and loggias, too, are made ready for the visitors; 33,000 seats in all, but they are far from sufficient and are always sold out long before the day of the performance. In the centre of the square there is room for about 28,000 people to stand, but this is not enough either and the roofs, the turrets and the cornices of the old houses looking on to the square are also crowded. There are people everywhere, even in the most unlikely places.

The Palio is a historical secular tradition strictly connected with the origin of the Contradas of Siena (districts into which the town is divided). The Contradas are spectacular agonistic institutions each having their own government, oratory, coat of arms, appellations, sometimes titles of nobility, emblems and colours, official representatives, festivities, patron Saints, with protectors, delimited territories and population which consist of all those people who were born or live within the topographic limits of the district, according to the proclamation issued by Violante Beatrice of Bavaria on January 7, 1730, at that time, Governess of the town. Originally, there were about fifty-nine “Contrade”; now only seventeen remain, ten of which take part in the historical pageant and in the race at each Palio

Specific Ornamentation 20

Specific Ornamentation

The ideea of the Greenwich Palio is to create an enclosed feel like â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;piazzaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; that would represent the core of the event itself. The piazza will hold temporal structures that would sustain the event once an year and in the rest of the time the infrastructure can be used in several cultural, social developments that would make use of the workshops production. There is going to be a tower on one side of the track that will mark the start of the race, marked with red square. The tower will serve as observation point as well as vip stand.

Start line for the race Tower that marks the start line for the track

Umberto Boccioni Unique Forms of Continuity in Space 1913 The face of the sculpture is abstracted into a cross, suggesting a helmet, an appropriate reference for the war-hungry Futurists. The figure doesn’t appear to have arms, though wing-like forms seem to emerge the rippling back. However, these protrusions are not necessarily even a part of the figure itself, since Boccioni sculpted both the figure and its immediate environment. The air displaced by the figure’s movement is rendered in forms no different than those of the actual body. See, for example, the flame-like shapes that begin at the calves and show the air swirling away from the body in motion.

Unique Forms of Continuity in Space - Sculpture

The Charge of Lancers - Painting

The City Rises - Painting

The city rises 1910

The Charge of the Lancers 1915

Spanning almost ten feet across, The City Rises is a monumental painting that depicts the construction of an electric power plant. In this idealized scene, the structure being built is overshadowed by the workers whose activities fill most of the canvas. Boccioni’s celebration of the masculine proletariat is evident in his representation of these figures, whose powerful bodies lean at impossible angles as they exert themselves in service to the task at hand

The Charge of the Lancers is the only known work by Boccioni that is devoted exclusively to the theme of war. Being a collage, Charge was also a rare departure for the artist in terms of medium. In previous works, Boccioni had used the figure of the horse as a symbol for work, but in this collage the horse becomes a symbol of war and natural strength, since it appears to be overcoming a horde of German bayonets.

In the first phase of the project there were some momvement studies done with the purpose to investigate how the body moves in space and what impact has on it. The study shows that movement can be framed and defined as a form in space.

There were three stages studied, walking stage, running stage and rotation(piruete). For each type of movement there is a process of tracing and then overlaying all the layers for the 3D perception.

This image shows the possibilities of studying and interpreting different types of movement. There are interesting aspects to be further researched.

Parc de la Villette The Parc de la Villette was developed as part as an urban renewal plan on the site the formal national meat market and slaughterhouse. Bernand Tschumi, now Dean of the Graduate School of Architecture at Columbia University, won a competition for the design of Paris largest park in 1982. The design that relates to his theoretical work on “event space”, is a distinctly urban park. Tschumi called for the deployment of a number of abstract, programless structures, dubbed “follies”. The bright red follies would then house various events and groups related to the activities of the park. According to one observer “many do just that, but not all, and not always housing the activities envisaged”. Night Perspective

Aerial Perspective over Parc de la Villette

Promenade

Parc Structure

The promenade is the main temporal element that serves the event. It takes you over the piazza from one way of it to the other and it gives acces to grandstands for the race. The acces and the grandstands can be redesigned and further developed for the event. Parc de la Villette served as an example for the promenade.

Organisational Diagrams Workshops

Deposit Acces

Deposit Exposition Area Betting Area

Deposit

Cooling Area

Oven

Cut Room

Press Room

Material Entrance

Main Circulation Lobby

Vertical Circulation Timber WorkShop

Concrete WorkShop

3D Print WorkShop

Main Entrance These are a set of space organisational diagrams for the workshops and the tower.

Ground floor

Trophy Room Bar

Bar

WC Main Circulation

Club House

Main Circulation

Vertical Circulation

First floor

Vip Stand

Second floor

Organisational Diagrams Houses

Kitchen

Dining

Vertical Circulation WC

Entrance

Back Entrance

Main Circulation

Ground floor

Vertical Circulation

Terrace

Main Circulation

Office

These are a set of space organisational diagrams for the housing complex.

Living

First floor

Vertical Circulation

Terrace

Main Circulation

Terrace

Bedroom

Second floor

Initial Proposal

General arangement plan that sets out the grid strategy for housing, piazza, workshops and tower. The tower will be the marking point for the start and the finish of the race.

General Arrangement Plan

Long Section

The piazza will be defined by these heavy elements that will spawn from each house towards the workshops, creating an internal grid. These elements will hold temporal structures for the event.

Plans

There is an appendix at the end of the document where plans are shown at proper scale.

Sections

There is an appendix at the end of the document where sections are shown at proper scale.

Environmental influences of site

Site studies such as sun path,wind direction, global warming factor.

Sun Study

The diagram shows the trajectory of the sun over the site in both seasons. Considering that the site is relatively empty, there will be opportunity in capturing as much natural light as possible due to the fact that there are no tall buildings in the imediate surroundings.

Wind Study

The general direction of the wind on site is from South-West to North-East.

Typical Environmental Conditions

Average Temperature (째c) Graph for Greenwich

Average Rainfall (mm Graph for Greenwich)

Average monthly temperatures over an year for Greenwich Peninsula

December

November

Average Low Temp (째c)

Average monthly sunhours over an year for Greenwich Peninsula

October

August

September

Average High Temp (째c)

July

June

May

April

March

February

0 January

Greewich weather is strongly influenced by the sea which surrounds the British Isles (Britain and Ireland). The sea warms up and cools down more slowly than land, keeping winters relatively warm but also making the summers cooler. The temperatures values vary from a top 15 degrees in winter to a top of 23 degrees in summer. The lowest temperatures are 5 degrees in winter and around 9 during the summer. The months with the most sun light start from May and last untill mid August. The months with the most rainfall average start in November and last untill January. Top wind speed on site is around 4 m/s and the lowest is around 3 m/s. The months with the most wind are ranging from December to April.

Precipitation (mm)

Average Rainfall Days

December

November

October

September

August

12 10

July

June

16 13

100

May

April

March

January

15 15

120

Average monthly rainfall over an year for Greenwich Peninsula

Average wind speed over an year for Greenwich Peninsula (meters per second)

Precipitation (mm)

Temperature (째c)

Average Rainfall days

February

Geology

Part Two - Professional Practice

The Client

National Lottery

The client for this project is a charitable trust that would manage the event , make design decisions and coordonate funds. The founds will be obtained from organisations that support cultural events such as National Lottery. In addition there will be a series of private donor that would make donations for this project. There are a series of stakeholders that would deal with various parts of the project. The Brithsh Horse Association will represent a major stakeholder for the temporal event. Assemble Studio is a young practice that will be the stakeholder for the workshops development while for the housing complex there will be a housing trust as a stakeholder.

Private Donors

British Horse Association

Greenwich Palio Charitable Trust Assemble Studio

Housing Trust

The relations between all memebers that part take at this project

Client: Greenwich Palio Charitable Trust Funders: National Lottery and Private Donors Stakeholders: British Horse Association Assemble Studio Housing Trust

Planning: Application and Permission Contact the planning department of local planning authority

Any development that is to be taken needs planning approval from Greenwich Council. This means that buildings need aproval before the final planning stages. The Planning Application is prepared and submitted, and the project is assessed against the guidelines of the primary planning documents of the Royal Borough of Greenwichâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Local Plan, which establish planning policies and site allocations. The planning application approval takes 8 weeks. The Core Strategy is the primary planning document of the Royal Borough of Greenwichâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Local Plan since it replaced the Greenwich Unitary Development Plan (UDP). The Core Strategy sets out the spatial framework for future development and land use within the Royal Borough and includes Development Management policies which provide additional policy guidance. As a result, all planning applications are assessed against the policies set out within these documents.

Apply online via the planning portal or in paper format to the local planning authority Outline application

Full application

Submit application with correct and necessary supporting documents

Local planning authority validates application and requests missing documents Local planning authority acknowledges valid application

Local planning authority publicises and consults on application

Application considered by planning officer or planning committee

Permission refused

Application not decided in 8 weeks

Change proposal and submit new application

Permission refused

Permission granted with conditions

Right of appeal to the secretary of state

Permission grante

Start work within time limit and comply with condition

Permission granted

Diagram for Planning Application Process

Planning: Framework development plan for Greenwich Peninsula The purpose of the Framework development plan for Greenwich Peninsula is to set the context for the future development of the entire Framework Area. This Development Framework sets out the parameters for the future development of the Framework Area. It is in itself a vision statement and sets out the long-term plans for the area in a manner that seeks to manage the process of change over the next fifteen to twenty years. It seeks to integrate new and emerging proposals with the existing communities, employers and regeneration programmes. The purpose of the Development Framework is to: 1. Highlight the Strategic Intent for the area. 2. Promote Investor Confidence by giving clear guidance. 3. Allow Flexibility for changes over time. 4. Promote Environmental Sustainability. 5. Address Community needs. 6. Guide Future Development. 7. Address issues relating to the quality of life. One of the objectives for future development is as following: Developing a fully integrated mixed community that reflects the make up of society, regard will be given to generating the support services that are to be incorporated into developments - education, health, leisure, community and other facilities that all sections of the population access to.

Greenwich Peninsula Development Model

This project relates with this peticularly objective, by proposing a workshop facility which has variety in terms of materials and methodologies of construction and assamble. These workshops will work and produce sustainable and adaptable infrastructures for the Greenwich Palio Event once an year, but they will also play an important role of creating an urban â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;piazzaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; that would facilitate cultural and social events.

Building Control

Building regulations are statutory instruments that seek to ensure that the policies set out in the relevant legislation are carried out.

Part B - Fire Exit

Part B According to approved document B in fire safety regulations every fire safety has to have a maximum distance of 45m from the furthest point of each level (floor). The tower will benefit from a barrier that in case of fire it will seal the tower from the rest of the building. The lobby will benefit of sprinkles mounted on all ceilings on each floor.

Fire protection wall Fire exit route

Ground Floor Workshops Scale 1:100

Part K - Stairs Regulation

Part K According to both K1 (stairs, ladders or ramps) and K2 (protection from falling) regulations the development eneables fences and handrails at specific hights. All public stairscases in the building and in the piazza have maximum 14 steps before a landing, meeting the requirement of 18 steps to a landing.

Part L - Energy Consumption

Part L According to the building regulations for energy consumption the housing complex meets the energy efficiency requirments that are se out for part L. Cross-laminated timber has relatively good thermal properties (位 = 0.13 W/mK) (5, p.8) and can help in minimising thermal bridges and acting as thermally resistant layers. However, unlike a conventional timber frame, wall build-ups using crosslaminated timber may lead to an increase in the overall thickness of the wall, while substantial amounts of external insulation are likely to necessitate an additional supporting framework.

CLT 175mm

Vapour Barrier

Rigid Insulation 150mm

Breather Membrane

Ventilation Gap 75mm Cladding 20mm

Metal Clip

Detail Scale 1:10

Permanent Structures Procurement Construction Management

Procurment will be made in two phases. The first phase is for the permanent structures. Based on the specific requirments of the project, this will be construction management because the client employs the design team directly. Additionally, rather than allocating responsibility to a single main contractor, the client employs a construction manager to co-ordinate design and construction. Then, construction work is done by trade contracters who have a direct contract with the client for work packages.

Some of the advantages of construction management: Roles, risks and relationships for all participants are clea; The strategy enables constructor contribution to the design and project planning. Some of the disadvantages of construction management: The strategy relies upon the client selecting a good quality and committed team; The client must provide a good quality brief to the design team as the design will not be complete until the client has committed significant resources to the project

Client

QS, Structural Engineer

Architect

Construction manager

Trade Contractor

Construction Management Diagram

Temporary Structures Procurement Design and Build

For the temporary structures the procumerment method will be design and build. This is a fast-track strategy. Construction can start before all the detailed design is completed, but at the contractorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s risk. Under a design and build strategy, a single contractor assumes the risk and responsibility for designing and building the project, in return for a fixed-price lump sum.

Some of the advanteges for design and build strategy: The client has to only to deal with one firm, significantly reducing the need to comit resources and time to contracting with designes and contractors separately. Reduced total project time due to early completion is possible because of overlapping activities. Sone of the disadvantages for design and build strategy:

Client

Architect or QS advisers

Contractor

Subcontractor

Suppliers

Architect and other designers

Sub-subcontractor

Design and Build Diagram

The client is required to commit to a concept design at an early stage and often before the detailed designs are completed. Client changes to project scope can be expensive. Design liability is limited by the standard contracts available.

RIBA Stages

Stages

The RIBA Plan of Work 2013 organises the process of briefing, designing, constructing, maintaining, operating and using building projects into a number of key stages. The content of stages may vary or overlap to suit specific project requirements. The RIBA Plan of Work 2013 should be used solely as guidance for the preparation of detailed professional services contracts and building contracts.

Strategic Definition

Preparation and Brief

Concept Design

Developed Design

Technical Design

Construction

Handover and Close Out

In Use

Core Objectives

Identify client’s Business Case and Strategic Brief and other core project requirements.

Develop Project Objectives, including Quality Objectives and Project Outcomes, Sustainability Aspirations, Project Budget, other parameters or constraints and develop Initial Project Brief. Undertake Feasibility Studies and review of Site Information.

Prepare Concept Design, including outline proposals for structural design, building services systems, outline specifications and preliminary Cost Information along with relevant Project Strategies in accordance with Design Programme. Agree alterations to brief and issue Final Project Brief.

Prepare Developed Design, including coordinated and updated proposals for structural design, building services systems, outline specifications, Cost Information and Project Strategies in accordance with Design Programme.

Prepare Technical Design in accordance with Design Responsibility Matrix and Project Strategies to include all architectural, structural and building services information, specialist subcontractor design and specifications, in accordance with Design Programme.

Procurement

Initial considerations for assembling the project team.

Prepare Project Roles Table and Contractual Tree and continue assembling the project team.

Tasks

*Variable task bar

Programme

Establish Project Programme. Review Project Programme.

The procurement strategy does not fundamentally alter the progression of the design or the level of detail prepared at a given stage. However, Information Exchanges will vary depending on the selected procurement route and Building Contract. A bespoke RIBA Plan of Work 2013 will set out the specific tendering and procurement activities that will occur at each stage in relation to the chosen procurement route. Review Project Programme.

*Variable task bar

(Town) Planning

Pre-application discussions.

Suggested Key Support Tasks

Review Feedback from previous projects.

Prepare Handover Strategy and Risk Assessments. Agree Schedule of Services, Design Responsibility Matrix and Information Exchanges and prepare Project Execution Plan including Technology and Communication Strategies and consideration of Common Standards to be used.

Offsite manufacturing and Handover of building and onsite Construction in conclusion of Building accordance with Construction Contract. Programme and resolution of Design Queries from site as they arise.

Administration of Building Contract, including regular site inspections and review of progress.

Undertake In Use services in accordance with Schedule of Services.

Conclude administration of Building Contract.

The procurement route may dictate the Project Programme and may result in certain stages overlapping or being undertaken concurrently. A bespoke RIBA Plan of Work 2013 will clarify the stage overlaps. The Project Programme will set out the specific stage dates and detailed programme durations.

Planning applications are typically made using the Stage 3 output. A bespoke RIBA Plan of Work 2013 will identify when the planning application is to be made.

*Variable task bar

Prepare Sustainability Strategy, Maintenance and Operational Strategy and review Handover Strategy and Risk Assessments.

Review and update Sustainability, Maintenance and Operational and Handover Strategies and Risk Assessments.

Undertake third party consultations as required and any Research and Development aspects.

Undertake third party consultations as required and conclude Research and Development aspects.

Prepare and submit Building Regulations submission and any other third party submissions requiring consent.

Review and update Project Execution Plan.

Review and update Project Execution Plan, including Change Control Procedures.

Review and update Project Execution Plan.

Consider Construction Strategy, including offsite Review and update fabrication, and develop Health Construction and Health and and Safety Strategy. Safety Strategies.

Review Construction Strategy, including sequencing, and update Health and Safety Strategy.

Review and update Sustainability Strategy and implement Handover Strategy, including agreement of information required for commissioning, training, handover, asset management, future monitoring and maintenance and ongoing compilation of ‘Asconstructed’ Information.

Carry out activities listed in Handover Strategy including Feedback for use during the future life of the building or on future projects. Updating of Project Information as required.

Update Construction and Health and Safety Strategies.

Conclude activities listed in Handover Strategy including Post-occupancy Evaluation, review of Project Performance, Project Outcomes and Research and Development aspects. Updating of Project Information, as required, in response to ongoing client Feedback until the end of the building’s life.

Sustainability Checkpoints

Sustainability Checkpoint — 0

Sustainability Checkpoint — 1

Sustainability Checkpoint — 2

Sustainability Checkpoint — 3

Sustainability Checkpoint — 4

Sustainability Checkpoint — 5

Sustainability Checkpoint — 6

Sustainability Checkpoint — 7

Information Exchanges

Strategic Brief.

Initial Project Brief.

Concept Design including outline structural and building services design, associated Project Strategies, preliminary Cost Information and Final Project Brief.

Developed Design, including the coordinated architectural, structural and building services design and updated Cost Information.

Completed Technical Design of the project.

‘As-constructed’ Information.

Updated ‘As-constructed’ Information.

‘As-constructed’ Information updated in response to ongoing client Feedback and maintenance or operational developments.

Not required.

Required.

Not required.

Required.

As required.

(at stage completion)

UK Government Information Exchanges

*Variable task bar – in creating a bespoke project or practice specific RIBA Plan of Work 2013 via www.ribaplanofwork.com a specific bar is selected from a number of options.

www.ribaplanofwork.com

Building Phases

Phase 1: Permanent development (construction management procurement method)

0 For the permanent structures the RIBA stages will be followed step by step, whereas for the temporal structures the steps 2,3,4 and 5 are repeated every year for the racing event. This means that every year there will need to be a new planning approval submitted and new temporary structures designed and constructed, starting from the initial design through to the actual construction of the grand stand, promenade and other event related structures.

Strategic Definition

Preparation and Brief

(8 weeks)

Planning Submission

Concept Design

input from consultants

Planning Approved

Developed Design

Technical Design

Construction

Handover and In Use Close Out

satisfy/ discharge specification conditions construction from planning drawings

Building Construction Control starts on site Submission

Building completed

Phase 2 starts (temporary structures)

Phase 2: Temporary structures (design and build procurement method)

2 Concept Design

Developed Design

Technical Design

specification construction drawings Planning Submission

Planning Approved

Construction starts on site

Construction Handover and Close Out

7 In Use

contractor leading design Building completed

Structures are used and then disassembled

Part Three - Integrated Technology

Arrangement Strategy Sequence Temporal Timber Structures for the event

Temporal Metal Frames for the event

There is a grid that sets the strategy for the permanent elements on the site. The grid orientation is in relation with the trajectory of the sun over the site so that the workshops and the houses can obtain as much natural light as possible. The permanent concrete elements spawns from the housing complex untill the workshops and tower, setting out an internal piazza in between of them. The houses block the general direction of the wind on site so that they protect the piazza. The heavy concrete elements that set out the piazza are the infrastructure for the temporal elements that will form the event.

Permanent Workshops and Tower

Permanent Housing

Permanent Infrastructure

Grid

Exploded Perpective of all structure on site

Arrangement Strategy

The temporal elements form grandstands that are oriented towards the track on each side of it. The grid sets the orientation of the permanent structures as well as the temporal ones. In temporal condition the houses become infrastructure for grandstands that are form along the track. The piazza will offer view towards the track on each side of it from ground level as well as upper level, using the grandstands situated along the promenade. The tower marks the start point of the race as well as the finish.

Perspective over general arrangement

Structure

Main Structure

Secondary Structure

Structural Connection

The strategy for the tower structure is based on a main concrete frame that would house the stairs and elevator. The main concrete structure will be responsible for the heavy loads from the top floor. There is a metal framed facade that would assist the main concrete structure to hold the heavy loads. This facade will join with the metal structure that forms the Vip stand.

Metal structure Vip Level

Concrete Main Structure

Metal Frame Beams

GRP Skin

Tower structure diagram

Construction Method for Housing

All element will be brought on site using trucks and there will be a small sized crane that will aid the assembley. Walls and floors will come with all services mounted in them. CLTâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s properties make it highly suitable for multi-storey construction. The prefabricated elements minimise the time needed for assembly at the site offering a costcompetitive solution.The elements of a single-family house, for example, could fit on one truck, and the house can be erected in a short time. Houses will be built relatively fast, considering that the use of CLT facilitates this opportunity. Elements will be brought on site and walls and floor mounted toghether.

CLT Wall mounted on site Exploded Axonometry showing floors and walls

The rest of the cuts from the CLT panels can be used for furniture elements for the houses.

CLT Floor mounted on site

CLT Panels pattern for walls

Construction Method For Temporary Structures

The workshops will design and develope the temporal structures that will form the event. They are resposible for each yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s development. The workshops benefit from indoor cranes that are mounted on the ceilings. They will help dealing with heavy loads as well as taking finished structures out of the workshop. There are mobile facades that opens when is need it to take elements out. The permanent concrete elements will serve as tracks for taking elements out of the workshops and on to the site. These mobile facades are based on having heavy loads at the end in order to make the process of open/close as easy as possible.

Opened Facade

The workshops will have small cranes that will help to move heavy loads in or out.

Closed Facade

Temporary Phase

For the temporary condition there are a set of structures that are constructre for the event such as the promenade, grandstands, track fences, stables, flags and so on. These elements, structures will be developed so that they can be decostructed and redesigned for the next year.

Temporary grandstands

Perspective over the Grandstands and Promenade

Temporary Metal Frames

Permanent Concrete Infrastructure

Perspective Through the Piazza under the Promenade

Building Fabric - Facade Cladding Metal Clip Window Fixing Bracket

Window Mounting Window Fixing Bracket Vapour Barrier Insulation 150mm Concrete wall

Perspective showing the flowing facade

Flowing facade - the tower building has a layer of cladding that gives the impression of movement. The rythm created by the vertical articulated elements is constant and endless

Building Fabric - Shading Fabric

Mounting Metal Clips Motor Metal Frame Metal Rings Metal Frame Fabric Banner The South-West orinented facade of the tower will display a series of metal frames that will hold semi-transparent fabrica mterial that will provide diffuse light and shading for the interior spaces. The metal frames will have a small motor that will revolve the banners 90 degrees on each side so that they can be adjusted according to the sunâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position. The banners can be also used for commercial purposes such as promoting various expositions or cultural event held within the complex or piazza.

Metal Frame

Perspective showing the shading system

Materials CLT Cross laminated timber (BSP or X-Lam) is a laminated, solid wood product for load bearing applications. It consists of a minimum of three glued board layers of coniferous wood glued to each other at right angles. Cross laminated timber constructions are among the solid wood construction methods. It can be produced in very large dimensions and is therefore suitable for the manufacture of load bearing, and at the same time, room dividing construction components such as wall, roof and ceiling boards.

CLT layers

Cross laminated timber elements exhibit many positive characteristics: –The weather impartial production of large-scale, already joined in the factory, wall, roof and ceiling members allows for a very high grade of prefabrication. Thus building shells can be erected in the shortest possible time. –The construction components are dry and therefore do not bring any moisture into the structure. –The layered construction allows for the assembly of decorative or also sound and fire protection technically adapted protective layers. –Cross laminated timber, in comparison to other construction materials, has a very low thermal conductivity.

CLT wall cut

CLT walls mounted on site

CLT elements mounted on site

Materials GRP

Glass Reinforced Plastic is a composite material or fiber-reinforced polymer made of a plastic reinforced by fine fibers made of glass. Like carbon fiber reinforced plastic, the composite material is commonly referred to by the name of its reinforcing fibers (fiberglass). GRP is used for its high mechanical strength, light weight, corrosion and temperature resistant properties, thermal insulation, smooth internal surface, easy to form complex shapes, ease of repair and its cost effectiveness.

Tower Perspective

RMIT building in Melobourne

GRP process of fabrication

GRP layers

Stables

For the event, the deposit of the workshops will become temporary stables that would hold the horses for the race. Each shelter meets the dimensions requirments recomanded by the British Horse Association having 3.9m x 3.6m space for each horse. The material used for the temporal structures that define the stables (separation walls and shelters) is timber that can be reused or redesigned every year in order to meet the neccesities.

Interior Perspective Stables

Straw Compartiment/ Temporal

Permanent Deposit The stables will collect manure that will be used by the workshopâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s extension to make bricks. Separation Walls/ Temporary

Exploded Perspective Stables

Temporary condition Promenade and Grandstand

The permanent concrete elements that cross the site from the housing complex to the workshops, form a piazza that would act as an infrastructure for the temporal elements that will form the promenade and the grandstands. The promenade crosses the piazza from north to south along the race track, giving acceses to the grandstands. The promenade will also serve as crossig point from the South part of the peninsula to the North part, thus it will enhance connectivity on site. The grandstands will be further developed and they can be redesigned every year to sustain the growing capacity. The track fences are made out of timber so they can be stored and reused each year.

Workshop Extension

The workshops will benefit from an extension which will collect manure from the stables and it will fabric bricks. The are six stepts in the process of making the bricks. The first one is the collection point where manure is placed on a moving band, then it is taken in the second room where the material is compressed to the specific brick height of 65mm, then in the third room they get sliced in the shape of the brick having the specific dimensions of 102.5mm X 215mm. In the forth room the bricks get separated one from another just a few mm so they can bake evenly in the oven. After they are done baking they are taken into a fifth room where they let to cool down just before they get stored and prepared for evacuation. The workshops have tracks installed in the pavement so that heavy materials such as bricks, can be transported with ease.

Workshop Extension Section Scale 1:100

Collection Point

Press Room (specific height)

Cut Room (specific dimensions)

Separation Room and Oven

Cooling Room

Deposit

Deposit/Stables

Details of Key Junctions

Thermal Line

Roof Detail

Breather Membrane Rigid Insulation 150mm Vapour Barrier CLT 170mm

Metal Clip

Detail Scale 1:10

Window Detail CLT 170mm Vapour Barrier

Rigid Insulation 150mm Breather Membrane

Metal Clip for Window Protection Detail Scale 1:10

Window Mounting

Double Glazed Window

Window Fixing Bracket

Insulation 150mm Breather Membrane Detail Scale 1:10

Ceiling Detail

Timber Floor Screed Layer Recycled Rubber Sound Absortion Layer CLT 170mm Bracket for Clipping Floor to Wall Services Metal Clips Holding the Ceiling Ceiling

Detail Scale 1:10

Temporary Structures Houses

Hand Rail clipped in metal brackets on the timber structure

Timber Panels

Timber Structure clipped onto the Housing Structure Metal Clips for Timber Connection

Timber Structure For the event there will be temporary structures that would be mounted between the houses using the housesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s structures. Each year the temporary elements that form the grandstand orientated towards the track, can be redesigned and further developed.

Temporary Structure Exploded Perspective

Temporary Structure Perspective

Moderating the Internal Enviroment

The roof of the workshops was designed so that the working spaces can get as much as possible natural light, in order to save energy. Each of the workshops roof’s has skylights that have profiles which give diffuse light. The profiles are adjustable in relation with the sun’s angle at variouse times of the year and day.

W Diagram showing the sun’s trajectory over the building over the summer and winter

Summer Sun Path

Winter Sun Path

Natural Ventilation Through Tower

There are vent holes that permit fresh air from the outside of the building to enter and as well vent holes that let warm air at the top of the levels to exit the building. The tower will allow fresh air to flow from lower levels to the upper level, assuring a proper ventilation in the building.

Cool Air In Warm Air Out

Heating for Workshops Mechanical Heat Recovery

The heating for the workshops and the tower will be provided by the workshopsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s extension using mechanical heat recovery ventilation. The use of the manure and the process of baking bricks in the oven will produce an important amount of energy that can be used for heating. Designed with excellent indoor air quality and energy efficiency firmly in mind, mechanical heat-recovery ventilation extracts the warm, moist air via a concealed duct system. Fresh air is then retrieved from outside and drawn in through a heat exchanger which heats the air and ducts it into busy workshops area. This is a ventilation system that can be utilised in the warmest weathers as well as the depths of winter. In the summer months the warm air outside can be bypassed through the heat exchanger to help keep living rooms and bedrooms cool and comfortable. A mechanical heat-recovery ventilation system also has two speeds, allowing the extraction rate to be boosted at times where rooms within the home or workplace produce higher-than-normal levels of moisture.

Workshop Extension Section Scale 1:100

Heating for Houses Ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) use pipes which are buried in the garden to extract heat from the ground. This heat can then be used to heat radiators, underfloor or warm air heating systems and hot water. A ground source heat pump circulates a mixture of water and antifreeze around a loop of pipe, called a ground loop, which is buried in the ground. Heat from the ground is absorbed into the fluid and then passes through a heat exchanger into the heat pump. The ground stays at a fairly constant temperature under the surface, so the heat pump can be used throughout the year. Pump Pipe System

Heat pump

Heat source

Compressor

Pump

Pipe System burried in the ground

Evaporator

Heating system

Condenser

Expansion Valve Diagram showing the working princeple for the ground source heating pump system

Thermal/Weather Barrier

External Weather Line

Thermal Line

House Long Section showing the thermal and weather lines

Plans and Sections

Ground Level Workshop Plan

1 Material 2 Main 3 3D

Access

Circulation

Print Workshop

4 Steel

Workshop

5 Timber

Workshop

6 Deposit/Stables 7 Press 8 Cut

Room

9 Oven

Room

10 Cooling 11 Brick

Area

Deposit

12 Sanitary 13 Tower

Unit

Main Entrance

14 Lobby 15 Betting

Area

16 Sanitary

Area for Workshops

Circulation (Stairs and Elevator)

The workshops will benefit from floor tracks that will help to carry loads. In addition there will be cranes mounted on the workshops ceilings that will hell lifting weights.

Floor Tracks Pipe System Workshop Crane

Scale 1:100

Units

17 Expozition 18 Vertical

First Floor Plan

Club House

Bar/Lounge

Lobby

Trophy Room

Vertical Circulation

Sanitary Units

Scale 1:100

VIP Stand Plan

VIP Stand

Vertical Circulation

Bar/Lounge

Scale 1:100

Workshop Long Section

1 3D Print WorkShop 2 Steel WorkShop 3 Timber WorkShop 4 Exposition Area

5 Betting Area 6 Club House 7 Trophy Room 8 VIP Stand 9 Temporary Stand 9

The workshops will have cranes that will allow handeling with heavy loads. They will be manuvered using a computer with a specific software

Scale 1:100

Metal frame holding the cranes

Cranes that will help lifting heavy loads

Workshop Section

Scale 1:100

Plans Housing 1

Ground Level

2 3

1 Acces Ramp 4

2 Main Entrance

3 Kitchen

4 Dining 5 Sanitary Unit

6 Vertical Circulation 7 Back Entrance

First Level 1 Living Room

2 Ofiice 3 Sanitary Unit 4 Terrace

Second Level 1 Terrace 2 Bedroom 3 Closet 4 Sanitary Unit

1 4 3

Scale 1:100

Sections Housing

Scale 1:100

Reference List

Part One

http://unit-three.com/about.html http://www.british-history.ac.uk/ http://www.greenwichpeninsula.co.uk/ http://lavillette.com/ http://www.ilpalio.org/palioenglish. http://www.theartstory.org/artist-boccioni-umberto. http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/ http://www.thinkstockphotos.co.uk/image/stockillustration-compass/164551934 www.wikipedia.com

Part Two Morledge R. Smith A. Kashiwagi D. Building Procurement (Blackwellpublishing, 2006) http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/planning/ http://www.royalgreenwich.gov.uk/downloads/file/91/ peninsula_framework_development_plan_2002 http://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Building_regulations http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/buildingregulations/ approveddocuments/ http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/uploads/plan_flow_chart_ eng.gif http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110118095356/ www.cabe.org.uk/buildings/time-quality-cost http://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Professionalsupport/ RIBAOutlinePlanofWork2013.aspx

Part Three http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/domestic/content/ground-sourceheat-pumps http://www.pressuresensor-knowhow.com/files/2012/07/heatpump.jpg http://www.worldweatheronline.com/Greenwich-weather-averages/ Greenwich-Greater-London/GB.aspx http://www.apsenergysolutions.co.uk/mechanical-heat-recoveryventilation/ http://www.pavingexpert.com/images/features/bricks02.gif http://www.storaenso.com/rethink/facts-about-clt http://www.clt.info/fi/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2014/05/05-Buildingwith-Cross-Laminated-Timber.pdf http://www.plasticon.co.uk/composites/full-grp http://www.mouldcam.com/rmit.html http://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Cross-laminated_ timber#Thermal_Mass_and_Acoustic_Properties http://d.ibtimes.co.uk/en/full/1394762/palio-di-siena.jpg http://www.ukstudentlife.com/Britain/Weather.htm http://www.thinkstockphotos.co.uk/image/stock-illustrationcompass/164551934 http://cdn.archinect.net/ http://www.srixon.co.uk/