Interior design Unit 3 Project Assignment by bradenbury

Unit 3 Eco Friendly Design

What I Will Be Designing From researching sustainable building methods that are practical and environmentally friendly I have came up with an initial brief of how I can design an eco friendly building which is suitable and capable for living in. Existing buildings which I have studied all have certain aspects in common, these would be sustainable methods such as solar panels and water filters. These aspects of the building will be helpful to include in my design as I would like to design a building which is unique but also includes key features which have already been used such as renewable systems that use little energy. My intentions with my building will be to create a luxury space that has been influenced by the environment and how the design will not cause any harm to the environment but will be an accessible place to live in. The main materials used for the exterior of the building will be natural woods as this will help to blend the building into its rural environment. I will try to use materials such as glass and concrete as the concrete could be recycled and can help to insulate the build as the material will absorb heat but release it when the temperature drops. This material will have to be used in small scales as of the weight that can build up in large doses. The glass can also help to heat and insulate the building as the sunlight that will pass through the glass will help light and heat the room. The glass will then stop the heat from escaping as it may be double or triple glazed.

I will try to cause as less harm as possible to the environment as possible as I want to preserve the landscape. I will achieve this by building my house on stills as a large hole will not have to be dug in the location for the foundations. Therefore several smaller holes will be drilled in specific places so that it can support the elevated structure. This idea will bring other advantages such as views of the surroundings. As the space will be elevate, it will allow the homeowner to have elevated views from above the trees and surrounding environment. The specification of my final design will be: • To create a sustainable building that causes as little harm to the environment. • To use sustainable materials that are eco friendly. • A building that can provide fro itself so will use renewable energy methods to produce electricity, water and grow its own crops. • A building that causes little harm to the location and does not deter the initial landscape of the site.

What makes a Building Eco Friendly? Commercial buildings currently use non renewable fossil fuels such as crude oil, coal and natural gases. These finite resources use materials that are currently being used quicker than they can be reproduced. The current method we use to create electricity is by burning non renewable materials such as coal. Disadvantages of using these non renewable gases are that they produce pollution from nitrous gases and acid rain from sulphur dioxide. Burning these fuels also create greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide that is adding to the global warming which is harming the earths atmosphere. The natural gases are formed from the remains of living organisms millions of years ago which have slowly seeped into the soil. They have now been used because when they are burnt they release heat energy. These take millions of years to produce and are currently running out, this is why we need to find alternatives to replace the current methods of producing energy. To solve this issue we must start to use sustainable methods of creating energy. This may be by using wind turbines that create energy as they are forced to spin by the wind that then turns a generator that creates the energy. Other ways of creating sustainable energy is by using solar panels. These solar panels create energy by using the sunlight from the sun to create heat that can then be used as electricity. By looking at solar panels I found a variety of different types of solar panels. We are now able to use solar panels that aesthetically look like roof tiles. This is an effective design as you originally arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t able to recognise that they arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t solar panels. I am going to try and incorporate the idea of becoming eco friendly in my design as it can help us to become more aware of our environment and will help to protect the earth for future generations.

Sustainable Energy Sustainable energy is now becoming more common in peoples homes as they are becoming more aware of the advantages these technologies offer for them and their environment. The two key types of sustainable energy that are usually found are wind turbines and solar panels. Although wind turbines are not as easy to be incorporated into a house design, solar panels are accessible and easily hidden in the designs of buildings. If a building can produce solar heat gains they are able to create electricity for the home through the solar panels. This concept will help to lower the costs of electricity as they will not have to burn as much non renewable fuels as they can use sustainable methods for producing the electricity their home needs. To create an effective home that can supply for itself I will fit sustainable methods which I can reuse and reproduce. Solar panels will become a priority as they are the most effective method of creating electricity for a house as there is sunlight each day. Solar panels can be adapted to suit the style of a house as they are now available to be produced as the roofs tiles. This could help the panels to be disguised in the design. They are effective as they can produce around 50% of the electricity a house uses in one year. Sustainable energy will also help the house in the long term as it will be able to supply for its needs.

Self Sufficient To create a building which is self sufficient I will first have to list all the needs a house may have. By being able to list the needs I will then be able to create a solution for how the house can produce for itself. Key things which are needed to help a house and homeowner become solely self sufficient are: •

Electricity

•

Heating

•

Running hot and cold water

•

Food

For a house to include all four of these features I will have to incorporate methods of producing them in my design. Initial ideas for how we can produce electricity would be to include solar panels in my design, these panels could be placed on a roof south facing so that the most amount of sunlight will be used for electricity. The placement of the panels will be key as I would like them to be hidden from the view of people as they are not aesthetically pleasing. Other methods of producing electricity is an available running water source which will be used to place a turbine into the flowing water. That will turn as the water pushes through, this then produces electricity in the generator as the turbine turns. This is another method of producing electricity for the house. If a water source is available it could also be used to supply water for the house. This could become an effective design for the house as the clean water could pass through a filter to insure that the idea is safe. The water used could be reused by being pumped back through the water filter so that it can be used again. Heating can be created by insulating the house thoroughly so that the heat cannot escape the building. This could be done by using a newspaper insulator between the walls so that the heat can’t escape. This method will also help our environment as the newspaper would have been recycled and found another use. The initial heat could be produce by a log burning fire. This will help the environment as no electricity would have to be used to heat a radiator. The logs could also be cut from a nearby forest. The trees could then be replanted so that no trees are wasted. This would help our environment as it is a sustainable material that can quickly be reproduced. To help keep the house insulated I will also try to keep the ceilings and room sizes to a minimum so that there is less space for the heat to rise and escape. The house could also be insulated by a roof top garden that would help to maximise the floor space as the roof would not be used for any other uses. This natural insulator would consist of mud and clay which is a natural insulator. This garden could also help to grow crops and fruits for its owners use. This would help to cover the heating and groceries that the house would need to survive.

Sustainable Materials Sustainable materials will have to be used in the build of the house so that a consistent theme and ethics run through the building. Key sustainable materials that can be used in my design that will enhance the aesthetics of my building are glass, wood, metals and natural stones for cladding. â&#x20AC;˘

What makes these materials sustainable?

Glass is a sustainable material as it consist of sand, silica and burnt in a kiln. This material is sustainable because of the large amounts of sand that the earth has and how the weather works down rocks to produce sand. Glass is a good material to use in my design as it will help to allow sunlight into rooms so that electricity isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t needed to turn a light bulb on. Glass will be used in my design as it will help to heat my rooms because the glass will produce heat that can be transferred into the rooms. The glass will then keep the heat in as the heat will not be able to rise and escape through the glass. Steel and other metals will be used in my build as of itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s structural properties. Steel is a strong durable material which has a good tensile strength that is commonly used for structural beams in large buildings. This sustainable material will be used as it will help to keep my building structurally sound. I will also use woods in the build as the location of my building would be in a green field which is surrounded by nature and trees. I would use woods on the outside of my building which are similar to the surrounding trees colours so that the building does not stand out between the trees causing as less harm to the environment as possible. Woods will be a good material to use for the exterior of my building as they will produce a patina over time which will help to protect the natural material. These natural woods and glass would be used on the outside of my building so that from the outside the building will blend into the surrounding with the trees and landscape reflecting of the exterior of the building. From the inside of the building the glass walls will become effective at offering views to the surrounding landscape from the inside.

Recycling and Upcycling Ways in which a builds budget could be lowered to save money would be to use materials that are unwanted and arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t needed for any other builds. As I will be designing an eco friendly house I will help to conserve the environment with the use of unwanted materials so that new products will not have to be manufactured for my build as I will be able to upcycle materials so that it will cost less and will still produce a similar finish to a newer product. I will also try to design the cheapest final house as the building is going to become sustainable so that the owner will not have to pay electricity bills as the house will rely solely on the sustainable energy produced by the solar panels and wind turbine. The cost will also be lowered by recycling river water so that it is processed and cleaned so that it is safe for use. By recycling materials such as newspapers I will be able to insulate the walls of my building so that less electricity is used as the heat will be retained in the rooms as it will not just escape because of the recycled insulation preventing it to do so. The recycled water will be sourced from a local river as the location of the building is in the countryside surrounded by natural life and trees. As the water is pumped out of the river it will be cleaned and processed to a level safe to drink and will be distributed around the house so that it will be used for most appliance such as the bath and shower, washing machine, dishwasher and the taps. Whilst the water isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t being used it will be stored in a water tank as the water pump will be continuously working so that you will not have to wait for the water to be pumped, cleaned and distributed every time you turn the tap on.

How to insulate and lower costs By using the method of recycling unwanted materials such as the newspaper used for insulation in the walls I will be able to insulate the building sufficiently and will lower the costs in the process. By using the recycled newspaper as the insulation, I have solved the problem of how I can insulate the walls cheaply and effectively. The next place that the heating in the building can escape to is by rising through the ceilings as this will be the first place the heat goes, as heat rises. To solved this problem I looked at existing buildings and found how they use natural materials of mud and grass to insulate the roof as the thick mud will block the heat from escaping. This method will also help to maximise space as you will be able to gain an outer space as a garden whilst saving money by insulating your home. This roof garden will also help to provide for the homeowner as you could grow your own crops as they will be outdoors in the sunlight and gain the nutrients needed to grow. Where the roof garden is not on the ceilings, I could be exposed so that a sunlight window can be in place to maximise the amount of natural light let into the building as the exposed glass panel will allow the light in from above whilst keeping the room warm and even making the temperature rise as the sunlight entering the room will also become warmer. The glass used will also help to insulate the building as the double glazed windows will allow light and heat in the rooms but will also insulate and keep the heat in because of the double glazing. The natural light allowed into the buildings will also lower the amount of electricity used as the light bulbs will not have to be used as much during the day time because the rooms will be filled with natural light. When the electricity will have to be used for the light, energy saving light bulbs could be in place as these will use less electricity compared to a normal light bulb as the wattage starts at a lower power setting so that the light is dimmer but eventually gains in brightness but uses less electricity to do so. To save the sustainable energy produced a log burning stove could be used as this will heat the room up quicker that central heating as the impact is instant. Although this method could be seen to be causing harm to the environment, it could be solved and made sustainable by planting a tree, or two, for every tree you chop down to use for the fire so that there are more trees that before you started.

Primary Research

Finding inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings I chose to look at buildings which were modern and luxurious. I chose these buildings over the historical landmarks as their intentions are not to create a building from an early era. From looking at the nature that surrounds these modern buildings I have found certain designs and aspects of the builds which I can use in my design. I started of by looking at buildings which have a cladding that can look like it has been created with natural materials such as stone. The first building I found had a grey stone cladding on the outer exterior. I liked this choice as the final design added an executive and professional finish to the building. I also found that this building worked well alongside big planes of glass. These two materials worked together as they contrasted with one another. As the reflections of the natural cladding on the glass added a second dimension to the building making it look more spacious than what it originally is. Continuing to look at this building I also found how the balconies wrap around the buildings footprint. I liked how the glass panels which are used as the walls for the balcony do not interfere with the amount of light and vision which can pass through the rooms out onto the views of London. This effective use of glass have worked in this design because it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t block the view of the homeowners from inside the building as the views from inside and outside are continuously visible. The cladding which has been used on the outer of the building allows the design to fit into its surroundings as the footpaths surrounding this building are also covered with the same coloured stone cladding. This is an effective choice of materials as the building looks like it has always be in its current location and has not randomly been placed there.

Finding inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings By looking at the building I found in London on the previous slide, I have been able to take ideas from looking at how this building would have been built in layers slowly working their way upwards layer by layer. I like how each level includes a balcony that has been submerged into the floor print and how the floor is then perceived to be hanging over the structure. I have tried to display how this could be designed into a building by creating a model which displays what it would look like if a different material would be used. I also submerged a glass balcony into the floor print so that each level is also hanging over the balcony. By creating this model by looking at how effective this building design could be I have found that it would not be as effective as I first thought because of the small scaled windows that are blocked from any sunlight would cause for more electricity to be used as there would be less sunlight in the rooms making it darker. To make this initial design better I will have to change the s hape of the design. The material I originally thought of to use was concrete but this wouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be a practical choice because of the amount of energy it would take to create the sustainable material. It would also be incredibly difficult to build the building as cranes and heavy equipment would be needed to lift the concrete blocks up to be placed in position. The amount of weight from the concrete would also be hard to support, making this design ineffective.

Model Ideas From developing the model I could then arrange the blocks so that a complex of block buildings are formed. I have shown the different variations with the use of these foam blocks. If built and developed the walls of these foam blocks will have to be tapered so that the angle for the solar panels is formed. These blocks were made to a similar size to the previous 3D model as I am developing that model with the use of these blocks. These shapes could also be changed so that a di fferent variation of buildings are formed. The building could also become a triangular shapes so that the angle for the solar panels are available but this would mean that the floor space will become smaller the higher you get. I think that this foam model is very effective as it shows how the building will look if developed to a building standard. The orientation of these buildings will also have to be considered as the buildings may block the sunlight for the solar panels, this could be fixed by changing the height of the buildings so that a smaller shadow is created or move the buildings so that the sun can pass the tall structure. As of the height of the buildings wind turbines could be fitted to the roof as they are tall buildings so the wind will be strong so more wind power will be created. Each of these models helps to display my intentions in a simplistic form as I havenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t thought about the aesthetics of the product just the form. This first simple square design shows how if he blocks are arranged it just looks like a normal common block of buildings which also res trict the ability of the solar panels. I then went onto developing the shape so that the tapered walls allow for the solar panels to become part of the design. This tapered design will also have to be arranged so that the sun can fit between the buildings so that the sun can reach the solar panel walls. I also varied the size of these buildings so that the smaller buildings are placed at the front when the sun is rising so that when the sun rises it will be able to shine over the buildings reaching the next row of structures.

Development of Models In these models you can also see how the buildings block the sunlight with the shadows created on the surface. These shadows will also move during the day so the models will have to be tested for every angle to see what is the best arrangement for the buildings to be located when built. The triangular shaped building ma be the solution for the sunlight issue as the angles of the walls will be increased so more sunlight will reach the solar panel. And because of the shape more sunlight will be able to pass between each building both maximising the amount of solar power generated, increasing the building sufficiency.

Development of Ideas By looking at this design I have created a building with a small gradient on the walls which allows for solar panels to be integrated into the walls and will help to allow more light to reach the solar panels, creating more electricity for the building. As this small gradient has been applied to the angle of the walls the solar panels can then be integrated into the design of the building as this would be part of the specification now fi the building wished to become eco friendly. Because of the scale of the building several solar panels could be fitted meaning more electricity would be accessible to the building. The solar panels could be incorporated into the design by either using the solar panels as a pattern on the exterior walls or try to hide them by painting the wall as the same colour so they slightly camouflage into the wall. The buildings location will also have to be taken into consideration because of the solar panels and how the building will have to face a particular direction so that the most amount of sunlight can be gained from he soar panels. If the building was to be placed in a busy city you would also have to think about if any other large buildings could block the sun from reaching the panels as this would lower the amount of sunlight as well.

Development of Ideas By developing the shape of this model I have changed the size and angles of the walls so that more sunlight can reach the balcony level as the floor above isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t blocking the sunlight's path. I have also included more windows on the buildings walls so that the most amount of sunlight can enter the rooms.by integrating the solar panels into the walls the location of the building may have to be rearranged so that the buildings walls will be facing the correct direction to maximise the amount of solar power generated. The most effective direction for the solar panels to face is south. With the use of glass windows and higher ceiling I have managed to produce a developed model that maximise the amount of natural light entering the rooms and lowering the amount of electricity used to light the rooms up instead. I like this design out of the three because it has been finalised to a higher standard and has thought about each feature from the materials used to the placement of the solar panels.

Development of Ideas By using thin wire I was able to manipulate the material by bending it into different shapes. I created these shapes by looking at the skyline and larger buildings surrounding the Tower Bridge, London. I looked at the Shard as this is the largest building as then tried to recreate the triangular shape and smaller square buildings which surround the large skyscraper. I also tried to create shapes that I couldn't see and use them as inspiration for abstract shapes which can be used in a later design. I think the different sizes of the shapes would be effective in a design format because they will all be a unique individual design and built. I chose to then use these wires as I was able to create small simple designs that were not made from sharp angles instead were curves that could be used in the previous design to work in contrast with the sharp angle found on the model. By looking at the shapes that are created with the wire I found out that no sharp edges are produced but only curved shapes that could work with the previous modelling as of the contrast of sharp 45 degree angles along side the curves.

Finding inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings From looking at the surroundings of the buildings and the footpaths I found that the same cladding has been used throughout the pavements as this helps to distinctively show that this is one area that as been joint together to create one small town with several buildings which all have common materials used in their designs. Along with the stone cladding, concrete was also used several times as this materials has easily been shaped to the appropriate shapes and sizes that were necessary. these two materials worked well together as they too also create a clever contrast as they are both the same colour but different in texture and size. These smoothed concrete surfaces were placed between the tower blocks and were surrounded by natural plants as this helped to add colour to the surroundings. This technique could be used in my design as the concrete is a cheap sustainable material that visibly worked well alongside the greenery.

Taking inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings From looking at the area of London in the previous slide I took inspiration from how the area uses 45 degree angles in the design of the layout and how effective it is at directing someone's eyesight along the contrasting lines. I liked how the angles are used to contrast the hard material of the concrete with the soft green shrubbery. The green can also be taken from the layout and used in a design as this is a colour of nature. By using this colour in the design it can link the building to the surrounding natural area that I am locating my building in. I took the concept from the previous slide and looked at existing buildings that use different complex angles in the design and found these buildings that used multiple layers and changes the shape and design for each storey so that the building is different. I like how the design is different for each layer and uses the storeys as balconies because of how the shapes extend away from the building. I found these two buildings that are similar in design as they are both multi storey buildings hat have balconies which are the part of the design that use multiple angles to break each part of the design up. Angles used in design can improve a building by increasing the size of room as it will not be a rectangle but instead a complex, irregular hexagon where the rooms are not convention in size but have different sized walls that work as an illusion to enlarge feature walls. Angles of walls can also help to funnel peoples vision so that they focus their view out of one window as the lines and angles in the rooms all point to a certain window. This can be used in my sustainable design as I can enlarge rooms by using large glass panels and angles that focus the view out of a window so that they are more focused on the vast surroundings that make the rooms larger that what hey seem. I then created this design of how angles can be used in a design so that the floor plans are not a conventional square but are instead complex shapes that maximise the design. My design uses 45 degree angles, similar to the previous slide, and use linear lines to focus the view out of the extended windows so that people view focus on the views and surrounding landscape. This is a building method that helps to maximise the rooms size and creates an illusion of the size of rooms.

Initial Ideas By looking at locations that use angles in the designs to improve the floor plans. I came up with the idea of using the angles to improve the size of the rooms. With a slight angle on the walls the rooms will slowly open up so that the floor space gradually widens. As of the angles and linear shapes in the design, peoples sight is automatically drawn towards the angles of the lines and directions that they point. I created this model by using foam board as this is an easy material to cut with a craft knife. I then finished the model off by cutting card to be placed on the walls so that a clean finish was created. This initial model will become the ground floor of my design as a different material will be used for the first floor so that a contrast of materials is created, helping to segment the different floors. I included these model people to help show the scale of the building. This helps to visually show that the final model will be built to a similar size of a common house.

Initial Ideas I then created the first floor of my model by using a different material. I chose to use 3mm MDF as this was a material that could be cut on the laser cutter to the exact size made on the CAD software. This was a better technique that cutting the material by hand as I had a crisp finish on the surface and overall looked aesthetically pleasing. This was also a good material to use as it is a sustainable material and could be used in the final design of this model. The MDF was stuck together by using a hot glue gun. The layer was then placed on top of the ground floor made of foam board. I purposely built the first floor larger than the initial model as I wanted the material to overlap the card so that a matter of depth was created in the model. I then added a layer of cladding on the surface by using wooden sticks that could easily be cut and sanded to the desired size. I chose to add a wooden cladding as it could help protect the material from the weather but also because of the research I had previously made. I liked the aspect it added to the design as it improved the aesthetics. This model includes an angle on the two sides of the model as I previously looked at how angles can add to a design. I think it enhances the aesthetics of the design as it is practical with adding size to the rooms but also focuses the views out of the windows. This is a good design feature as I plan the building to be located in a field with expansive views of the surroundings. This will help to make the building to feel bigger as it will focus the peoples views on the surroundings and help the building feel larger as the landscape will feel as though it is inside the building.

Finding inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings A different material which had been used in London was glass. This sustainable material has been shaped in different ways to fit the design of the building. The glass has been used on large scales so that it allows huge amounts of sunlight into the buildings. The glass has been shaped as it has melted when being created. The glass has been shaped to fit curves and vertical buildings. With the use of glass it adds a professional feel to the building as the designs look very commercial as they are mostly used on these scales for office tower blocks. These building show that the glass panels can be used next to different materials such as red brick or wood but still not look out of place. This helps me to investigate how I can use glass in my design with the other sustainable material which will be used such as different woods and stones.

Taking inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings By looking at the previous buildings that I found in London, I decided to look at other existing buildings that use a large amount of glass on the exterior of the building. I found hat the buildings used large amounts of glass so that the natural light can pour into the buildings. These buildings are usually used during the day time as they are office blocks, this means that people use the building most during the daytime when there is natural light. This is a good feature for the buildings to have as they do not have to use huge amounts of electricity as the natural light can light the rooms up during the daytime. I found a building in New York designed by Norman Foster and is called the Hearst Tower. I like this building as it uses glass as the main material on the exterior. This building isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t plain and boring with flat glass panel but uses the glass to create different reflections and glimmers of colour that change with the sun. this is created by cleverly changing the angle of the glass so that it is symmetrical but different on each panel. This is how different reflections are created as the panels all point in different directions. The next famous building that I looked at was the Royal Opera House, this building is similar to the Hearst building as they both use unconventional shapes in the design. The Royal Opera House uses curved triangles that created shadows on the buildings surface. The curves change with the sun as it moves round. This then opens up windows to the sun so that one window may have contact with the sun and the next window blocked by the shadow of the curves. This buildings design is more about the shapes an curves, not the glass windows. These glass panels are here for practicality so that natural light is allowed into the rooms. Because of the exterior shapes no windows are placed on the walls, this is why large windows are placed on one wall so that sun light can still flood into the rooms. I have looked at these designs to understand how I can locate windows so that one large window can be used and can still be as effective to walls on each window. The most effective window that I have found is that found on the Hearst building. This is because of the angle of the glass panel that is tilted up so that more sunlight can enter the room. The windows facing south are also the most effective as they come into contact with the sun throughout the day.

Sydney Opera House By visiting the Sydney Opera House I was able to create a better understanding of the building compared to others. By looking at the building I was able to understand the scale of the design. The first thing I noticed of the building was the curved shapes of the roofs. This is a good design feature to incorporated into my design as it helps to break up the segments of the building. This could be helpful in my design as a house includes different rooms such as the kitchen, living room and bedrooms. By segmenting the building into different rooms the design can compliment the foundations of the house. The curves help to distinguish the Sydney Opera House to any other design as it is unique. This is a good design feature as it enables my design to become unique and remembered by people as it different to the common square and rectangular shapes. The curves also help to cool the building down as the curves block the hot sun out of the building helping the room temperature to be low.

Hearst Tower The Hearst building is an unique design because of the unconventional shape of the exterior. I like the shapes used in the design as of the triangular panels that deflect the sunlight's reflection in different directions. This could be a good design feature to include as the buildings colours change varying on the time of day. This is an exciting feature as the building is never the same during the day. I like the edges of this building as of the missing parts. This is a feature that isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t included in any other design helping to make the Hearst Tower unique. The straight angles work as there are multiple directions that the angles point in. I like this design as the angles are straight but because there are multiple lines it helps to differentiate the designs from a conventional square building.

One World Trade Center The World Trade Center memorial building is built in the same location of the World Trade Center Twin Towers. This memorial b uilding is unique in the design and towers over other nearby buildings. The design of this tower is unique as of the shape of the exterior. The buildings design is a square like building but is different with the amount of sides on the walls. The building has been designed as though parts of the exterior walls are missing. This means that the shape has several walls on one side of the building. The glass tower means that more reflections are created and point in different directions. The angles work well for the building as they create an effect that part of the building is missing. This sublimary meaning helps for the design to relate to the 9/11 attacks that occurred in the same location.

Glass buildings As Glass can be used as a thermal insulator I have decided to look at buildings which use glass on a large scale. I have tried to understand how glass can be used for a practical use but still look aesthetically pleasing. I have looked at iconic buildings which main material is glass. These buildings use glass panels to create shapes which are all different sizes. As glass can be used to lower the damage to the earth cause in building a house, I will try to use the material effectively so that heat and light can enter my building. Glass can also be used to allow the sunlight in stopping the need for electricity for a light bulb. Buildings that use glass effectively are the Basque Health Department Headquarters that uses abstract shapes so create different reflections on the glass so that the buildings exterior is constantly changing. The Louvre pyramid is a spectacle that helps to make the buildings surrounding the structure iconic as it can easily be remembered by the large glass pyramid. They have also used a shape that is commonly used as if the design was a glass cube it may not be as effective as a more complex shape such as a triangle.

Finding inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings The concrete is also continued throughout the space as a border for separate levels. This railing has been placed to fit the curvature of the floors footprint. The concrete is topped off with the use of a aluminium railing that differentiates the railings design to be different compared to a plane concrete wall. The aluminium is thin and flexible making it easy to shape into the curved cylinder which runs along side the concrete wall. With the use of the two materials a contrast is created with the concrete and aluminium working together to produce one final design. The concrete wall doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t look out of place as the common theme is used in different segments of the space allowing the concrete to be used in the way it has been. The concrete seating is continuously used as it is a easy material to mould into place as when it sets it can withstand all types of weather, making it a durable building material.

Finding inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings A different type of material is also used in the space to add a different dimension to the appearance. The use of water has many beneficial features to add to a space as of the noise it creates when it comes into contact with a material. The use of water in this space has helped to change the design from a plain concrete and stone paving to existing and encouraging space to enter. The water has also been manipulated to travel in different ways so that it has a different effect. The water has been pushed up into the air to create multiply small water fountains or has been pushed down a small trough to create a urban stream which is buried within the stone paving. These techniques with the water could be used in my design to create a calming tranquil environment which is welcoming to anyone who enters.

London City Hall By visiting the London City Hall I was able to understand the building by drawings my view of the structure. I was able to understand how the curvatures of the building were built in separate layers so that the building gradually was built upwards. I like how this building looks as it is a distinctive building that is iconic because of the shape. I will like to portray this in my final outcome as this building is remembered and that what I want to happen with my design.

Finding inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings From looking in London and how the different levels have been segmented safely I found this type of balcony which has been restricted with the use of the glass panels. With the use f this material the balcony has been cut off safely but still allow people to see the views of the greenery even with a material in between the two. This glass panel can be used to segment two spaces but still allow the room to feel spacious as they will not be boxed off with the use of a wall but will be separated with a glass panels with can allow the sunlight in and also allow people to view out. This glass railing could be use in my design if I was to include a balcony. My buildings location will allow for fantastic view of the surrounding land as the glass will not block the views. This technique will be incorporated into the design of my walls as I want the house to allow views from inside so that the rooms feel spacious.

Finding inspiration from Londonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s buildings By looking at the exterior of this coffee shop situated in London I have been able to understand how this wooden exterior can fit into a modern surrounding even though the sustainable material which will be much older than the man made materials can work in a surroundings which has clearly been created by humans and not nature. This allows me to create a building which may use man made and nature materials in the same build even though they are two different materials in appearance and processes they need to be made. This building has used a mitre joint on the corners of the building so that the finish of the building doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t show part of the material which shouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be exposed. This join can be used as it will look better compared to a butt joint which shows the end of the material of where it has been cut.

Existing Ways of Cladding an Exterior From visiting Westminster City hall and looking at a cafĂŠ in the surrounding area, I took photos of the exterior cladding as I will use this primary research in my final outcome as I think this sustainable way of protecting the outer layers of the building could become very effective as the natural material could either create its own patina over time and protect itself or a layer of varnish could be applied to enhance the materials aesthetics. A pattern could also be used on the building to change the dynamics of a building. This could be done by using a layer of paint. A economically friendly paint could also be used so that the harm caused to the environment is kept to a minimum. Different types of woods could be used varying from softwoods to hard or the cut of the panels as it could be a rustic cut that isn't flush or use a machine to create a straight cut so that each panel is parallel. The direction the wooden panels are layered could also vary from horizontal to vertically. I will chose to include a horizontal cut as the water will be deflected away from the buildings walls. These horizontal panels will also include a varnish as I would like my exterior of the building to look natural and to blend into the surroundings of the location, which will be trees and greenery.

Initial Models By folding paper I have been able to visually display how the exterior materials of my design will look. By using the wooden panels for the exterior I can overlap the strips so that if it was to rain the water will run downwards and will not slip into the walls of the building as the wooden panels are filtering the water downwards. I have been able to fold the paper so that the strips overlap and as water is poured onto the walls it will run downwards. From looking at the Kent farm house I have taken that as a vocal point in which I have researched I have decided to have the exterior cladding to look like this model where the different panels will overlap and will be horizontal.

Initial Models I then chose to extend my understanding of the cladding of walls by experimenting with this 3D model. By using several wooden sticks I experimented by creating different models that help me to visually show my intentions. I also understood how the wood will be built at an angle so that the cladding does not extend away from the wall but is as flush as it can be. By changing the angles of the cladding from point upwards or sideways I was able to understand how practical the design would be as it will have to protect the building from the weather such as the rain. It would have to direct the water away from the building otherwise problems would occur such as damp on the walls.

Finding Inspiration from the use of Concrete From looking at the large blocks of concrete I found in London, I have used it as a visual starting point for an initial idea. I took the concept of using large blocks of concrete which has been placed next to a different material so that a sense of contrast can be formed. By using solid works I have been able to produce several different model which have used a different type of concrete from dry to wet so that the final rendering is different. I preferred the light dry render because I think the colour and texture is more suited to a building where as the wet concrete doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t look finished. By looking at the primary research I gathered I have been able to create these models which include different uses of concrete and cobblestone so that a similar contrast to the one I found in London has been created. I also included a wooden cladding on one of the outer walls so that I could also experiment with how a design would look with the wooden materials being used on the outer walls.

CAD Design I chose to use a wooden cladding on the exterior as it was the most aesthetic material that was also sustainable. I like the use of the wood in small doses as it isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t overpowering but adds to the design because of how it works in contrast to the hard brick.

I carried on with the use of the wooden cladding so that a theme was created throughout the building bringing the final design together. I chose to extrude the single planks of wood so that an element of depth was created in the design. I also included this as of how I researched a wooden exterior in the previous slides

I also wanted to include an outside space in the design. I completed this by including to outer balconies so that a outside view was accessible because of the locations I want to place the buildings site at. I also incorporated the garden roof into the design as I had previous researched how this works as a natural insulator and is a sustainable way of keeping a building warm. I also placed the garden on the roof as I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t want to cause any harm to the surrounding environment, so by placing it on the roof it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t take up anymore floor space from the location.

Initial Sketches From building the previous house models using CAD to visually display the cladding of the building, I thought of this 3D model that has been created using foam board as I found it easy to shape and cut the card. I chose to change the shape of the previous models but kept to the concept of a cladding on the exterior walls. I think that the model is effective as it displays my intentions of how I have been able to create these initial models with an exterior wooden cladding that has helped to inspire me to produce this model created by cutting the foam board to a correct size so that a finalise model was produced. I firstly produced these sketches so that I had a visual starting point that was inspired by other existing cabins with a wooden exterior so that my model has been influenced by existing products and has helped be to understand how I should design the cladding to be facing so that the aesthetics are to the best that they can be. I explored how I could use a type of drawing to effectively display how the building would look. In the next slide I practiced how I could you an existing building and drawing the elevations of the building so that a sketch of the layout would be effective at showing what it may look like if the location was in a busy high street. By including the scale people in the next slide it helps to show the size of the building. I used this type of drawing in this slide as I wanted to show the buildings form so that if I wanted to develop the drawing into a location I could by using the same drawing. I created these sketches by looking at existing wooden cabins so that I could gain a understanding of existing house which designs work. If these sketches were to be developed to a stage of how I would build the cabins, I would include sustainable materials such as wood and glass panels so that I could also develop these models into a eco friendly house.

Initial Sketches I produced these sketches of how the exterior of my cabin could be designed. I chose to design he cabin with a wooden cladding on the exterior these initial sketches help me to visualise what would be the best layout of the design as I wish to include large windows that stretch from the floor to ceiling. I then changed the angles and size of the wooden cladding but I have chosen the first sketch as the aesthetics make the design look more simplistic. I like how these sketches include most of the features that my cabin will need as the door, large windows and sustainable cladding are all included in the sketches. I also like how the roof overlaps the ends of the walls as a veranda can be included in the exterior of the design and will be sheltered by the weather with the extended roof.

Elevation Drawings I explored how I can record and study a building in different effective ways. I found by drawing elevations of a building I gained a better understanding of the building as I have to take care of the details and I find features of the buildings that I may not of seen if I wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t drawing the building.

Floor Plans Drawings By looking at existing interior spaces I was able to experiment and enhance my drawing skills and understandings of a building by drawing the floor plans of existing spaces. I have used clear straight lines in the floor plans so that the spaces are clear and easily understood. I have also understood how to sim plify an object and use an architectural drawing technique.

Secondary Research

Existing Sustainable Buildings This existing build that is situated in rural Kent is able to provide for itself with the use of solar panels which have a special cooling system that stops them from overheating. This is an important part of the design because the panels contain silicon which works efficiently when cool. These panels produce enough power to heat and light the house. The rainwater is collected from the flat roof tops and is used for the lavatories and washing machines the windows help to keep the house warm as they are triple glazed so they keep the heat in and stop it from escaping. These efficient windows also make most of the natural light as it helps to regulate the temperature inside. The natural light that is let in also helps to keep the rooms bright without needing the use of electricity during the day. The walls also help to insulate the building as they are filled with ten tones of recycled newspaper which have been recycled and reused in the house. The doors as well are vacuum insulated and help to keep the heat inside the building. The floors of the building also plays its part in keeping the house warm. This is done by the use of crushed glass bottles that absorb the heat and release it when the temperature drops. The concrete slabs which are used as the foundation are 50% recycled and also absorbs and releases the heat. From studying this building I have found that they have used multiply sustainable and recycled materials such as natural woods, concrete and soil for insulation.

Understanding a Building I chose to look at the exterior space from the previous building because I liked how the building has been designed to include a separate space which is filled with sunlight because of the large glass doors surrounding each wall. By looking at the outer building it has used three different materials which can all be recycled to use again. The three materials used are red brick, glass and timber. The wood used on the upper level is a sustainable material as they have been cut from a tree. The natural timber helps to protect the building from all weather and over time will create a patina which will protect the material. I have explored this building and created a good understanding by drawing in detail each material and shapes used in the design. From exploring this building I will take the materials and placement of walls into my design as this building makes the most of natural sunlight because there are no walls blocking the light into rooms as the glass planes help the sunlight into the rooms and also insulates them.

Existing Sustainable Buildings The buildings here have used passive design in the process of creating the buildings floor plans. This has consisted in choosing materials and orienting the house so that it soaks up the heat and light from the sun. The most effective way in which this has been incorporated into the buildings design is to put the largest windows south facing so that they have the most amount of sunlight as it would gain the heat from the sun throughout the day as the sun will rise from the east to west. If this was to be combined with materials that have a thermal mass such as concrete which will also help to heat and insulate the building. Concrete has a thermal mass as it has the ability to soak up heat and release it later. Materials which release the heat quickly have a low thermal mass but others such as concrete have a high thermal mass as they slowly trickle heat out over a long period of time and only as the temperature drops so that the material helps to keep a nice temperature inside. This building is not build with the use of concrete as the beams would struggle to withstand the weight of the materials. The building helps to retain heat in a different way by improving the insulation of the walls with the added use of Celotex a high performance foam insulator. The wooden cladding has also helped to insulate the building as it has created its own patina which protects the material and also adds a coat of insulation. The building is also kept warm with the use of double glazed windows which lower the amount of heat lost. This means that less electricity is used to heat the building as the heat is retained to a consistent heat because no heat is lost.

The building as also tried to maximise the space of the building by using bright colours and trying to allow as much natural light into the building making the room feel bigger than what it is

As of he size of the cabin it only has to include four beams on either corner to support the structure as of the light timber frame doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t way as much of as a brick building because of the lightness of the building it can easily be supported by the four beams

I like how this building has been made as the floor level has been elevated above the surrounding trees so that the homeowners can have a view of the surroundings without their view getting blocked as they are above any barriers This cabin also includes an elevated outdoors space as a balcony. This has easily been included in the build as the small space would no have to be supported by a heavy strong material as of the size

This building has also included clever uses of storage to maximise the floor space. It has been designed so that the space below the cabin is gone to waste, I includes a storage room so that the essentials such as the water pump and heater can be stored below and out of the way. This room also includes the stair to each the top floor but can only be reached behind a locked door, making this building incredibly secure as it is extremely hard to get into the building as it has been elevated

Existing Sustainable Buildings This eco house which has been built from scratch is located in the New Forest National Park and designed by Perring architecture and design. This stylish sustainable building is almost entirely self sufficient and has got to be as the building is only accessible via a 1 mile dirt track that isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t very practical to got to the shops to buy groceries. This is why the building has been designed to become self sufficient and supply for the home owner. The water is supplied to the building by recycling rainwater to a fully refurbished well supplied drinking water. Photovoltaic solar panels are used to generate electricity that runs the ground source heat pump and filters for the rainwater so that the water, heat and electricity is generated via the solar panels. The heat is also enhanced with the use of wood burning stoves. And because of the National Park the wood is supplied through the trees and surrounding landscape. The homeowner says that they use their own surroundings and environment to run their house. I think this is an idea which I should use in the design of my eco friendly house as I want to change how people build houses to use unsustainable materials which are slowly running out. As the footprint for this built was restricted to the planning permission, the architect found a solution to the problem by building downwards to create a basement space that has been used for the filters and extra storage space. This amount of dirt and mud wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t to go to waste as it was used in the build to help carve the landscape to maximise the light and view that the building could gain. This mud, dirt and grass was also used to insulate part of the building as it is a natural insulator that is effective and cheaper as it would cost ÂŁ30,000 to transport the dirt to a landfill. The build was also influenced by the surrounding as they tried to cause as less impact to the landscape as possible. This build also includes a grass roof as it blends into the landscape acting as a camouflage for the building, this grass also helps to insulate as it restricts the amount of heat that would escapes via the roof. The building is also cladded by wood so that it helps to keep in with the theme of a natural dwelling. I will try not to dig holes out of the landscape as I wish to cause minimal harm to the environment.

Existing Sustainable Buildings This low energy timber hut is located in Suffolk England. It is a modern design which is spacious inside as it includes three wings hat work as corridors segmenting the building allowing for people to have their own privacy as the rooms are exposed on two or three walls to the outside allowing for an effective use of glass windows and doors maximising the sunlight which can enter the room and the views of the farm and surroundings from inside the rooms. It also includes a raised terrace between the wings allowing for a small space outside but elevated from the muddy ground. This terrace is also sheltered from any winds with the two wings blocking the weather. This building is complete with a board to board vertical cladding which helps rain flow down the building instead of getting between the boards with them were butted together.

Existing Sustainable Buildings This â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Pobble house designed Guy Holloway is a beach home build on in Dungeness. Although this smaller chalet bungalow is built to only be lived in for small holiday vacations the cabin is still a liveable holiday home. The home has been designed o be segmented so that the living space includes panoramic views of the surrounding desert with the sleeping accommodation and bathroom at the end of the property. The materials use in the build have also been carefully selected for each different wall as the material helps for the building to blend into the surroundings no matter where you are looking from. The three materials used are Siberian larch, corten steel and cement fibreboard. The Siberian wood helps for he silvery material to blend into the surrounding sand. With the orange Corten steel and cement fibreboard being placed on the walls which block the view of the same colours. With the use of well placed windows views have been selected by the designer to make sure that certain landscape features are seen.

Finding Inspiration From Shipping Containers This house built in the fields of Ireland may look like a futuristic home with a cantilever balcony but has been created from reusing shipping containers. These hallow containers have been carved and supported to create a large open planned room which has been elevated above the floor level so that a p anoramic view has been achieved and can be seen through three walls. The building has sufficiently used large panels of glass to maximise the amount of sunlight allowed into the room making it feel larger than it is. The buildings use of glass has also helped for the building to connect to the surroundings with the use of rustic materials that help the building blend into the surrounding. It also allows for views of the greenery and landscape. These unconventional materials which have been reused help to lower the amount of waste created as the unwanted materials have been found a new use so that they do not go to waste.

Recycling Unwanted Materials By looking at the existing building that has used shipping containers as the buildings basis it helped me to visualise a building that I have produced using a 3D CAD software. I have also used multiply shipping containers which have been stacked on top of each other. Although my design is different I also include an outdoor balcony space. This means that my design for a building can be placed into an area with a small footprint but still supply an outdoors space even if the location is big enough for a houses footprint. My design offers this as the garden and outdoors space can be placed on top of the shipping containers because of their flat roof. My design has also tried to maximise the room space by using glass panels which allow sunlight into the smaller rooms.

Leonardo Glass Cube This building which is simply a cube that has used large glass panels for the exterior has be designed by 3Deluxe. This building consists of modern contemporary furnishing and includes a crisp, clean white exterior walls. This futuristic building is highly efficient at heating the singular roomed building as each room has at least one room exposed by a glass panel. This means that the sunlight and heat from the sun can enter every room. This means that electricity bills are lowered as the need for light and heat is lowered. The glass panels are also very effective as they allow for views of the surroundings from each room. I also like the interior as of the curves in each walls which allows the light to flow easier as the sharp edges of common walls stop any light from passing by. Looking at the abstract cube I was able to create a visual model from using a cube of foam which I cut up into segments to create a puzzle which I then refitted together so that an abstract shape was created. If this physical model was to be developed I would include large glass panels like the Leonardo cube so that the interior rooms would allow in huge amounts of natural sunlight. I would also develop this so that glass windows could also be used in the roof so that the internal rooms that arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t exposed to the outer walls will still allow natural sunlight in to light and heat the rooms up.

Leonardo Glass Cube From looking at this existing building I have been able to understand the different layouts of the existing building and it has helped me to understand how a building can be segmented to improve the design. I understand that the Glass cube used large expansive glass panels to help insure that the buildings s hell was would have enough natural light. I have been able to create my own interpretation of the building as I chose to remove the abstract shapes of the initial design so that the building was linear and symmetrical. I like my model as the modelling foam was easily cut o create these diamond shapes. The design of this building is a cube shape as the building only has four outer walls. My using this model I can use segments of the design so that several different designs are created but using a similar concept of multiple shapes coming together to make a single design. I visualised this idea from looking at the Leonardo Glass Cube and changing the shape slightly so that a different design was produced. This design would help me with my final model as I can not take the design ideas from the existing building of using large glass panels can help to improve a design so that a open plan layout i s flowing and bright. I then came up with the idea that several of these little pods could work together so that one large building is produced by consists of several little products. My sketches show my different design ideas of the pods shapes and window that could be used to light the building up.

ArchiCad Models To support the structure of this building I would be forced to add these columns to the right of the building so that the building would be able to be supported. This open living plan design is very effective as no internal walls are needed meaning that windows are only needed on the one wall as the light can flow freely through the wall. I have displayed my one storey building with the use of an CAD software. I have displayed the most effective floor plans for maximising the space and could all be moved round as it is a singular square room. Including the windows skylights could be fitted so that the most sunlight possible can enter the building via different entry's. I elevated the floor of this building so that the stilts will help protect the location as the foundations will not have to be built on the site.

CAD Models From looking at sustainable materials and how you can ergonomically insulate a building I created some computer aided designs using solid works. I changed the default materials to clay, concrete and wood so that it could become a starting point for a final design which is environmentally friendly. I thought of using the clay as this could be used to insulate a room as the clay will be moulded onto the walls and when it is dry and has set the clay will harden and stop heat from evaporating through the walls. I also try to change the shapes of my buildings so that it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t look like a conventional house. But is elevated so that the location of the build will be easily visible as the homeowner eye level has been raised. I also created sample blocks so that I could see how the sustainable materials will look when finally rendered. I als o chose to use big glass panels for the windows so that it will also help towards allowing for a view of the landscape as the visibility isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t blocked by a wall. This first model is best at visually explaining my theory as the added side extension is exposed on three walls allowing the homeowner to see almost 360 degrees of the landscape. I then developed the design so that the stilt were still included in the design but more floor space was to one side.

Initial Model This design is different to my previous model as less sunlight can enter the rooms as of the flat roof. Although this design is different it can be adapted so that the design allows for the sunlight to enter the rooms. By adding roof windows the sunlight will enter the rooms as there is nothing on the roof to block the beams of light. This design is a more private and secure model as of the coverage of the roof and veranda. Although large windows can be used as the structure is incredibly light, they are blocked by the flat roof overlapping the building. This private design is as good because of the over floor plan that would be included in the interior. As the shape is extremely linear the rooms have a flow to them as there are no internal walls that force you to change direction. I like the design as the open floor plans can be incredibly effective as the light can flow through the rooms freely as there are no walls that block the flow. The disadvantages of this design is that the heat in the rooms will expand quicker as the rooms are larger. This may force me to not use this design as of the need for more energy to be used on heating the rooms.

CAD Model I then chose to create this 3D CAD model by using the software solidworks. I created this replica of the previous model so that I could visualise design how the aesthetics of the design might work. I chose to use abstract shapes as I found that using multiple straight, linear lines, the design became too basic and was not as good as this design that included different angles in the design. I like this design as the different shapes work together so that the design is not the same in either place. I also changed he size of the roof so that the flat roof was not blocking all the sunlight that the cabin could use. I prefer the flat roof that is not extended out from the buildings walls because this design allows for the natural light to enter the building through the windows. Because of the angular windows I found that the shadows and reflections will change inside the building and will add to the design as it will never be the same.

Existing Buildings This house designed by Skene Catling de la Pena is located in the countryside of Buckinghamshire and has won the award of RIBA house of the year 2015. Its exterior is clad with flint, a natural material and includes a fade effect on the wall as it gets lighter the further up the wall you look. This effect is carried out on all of the exterior walls and helps to link the buildings together so that it comes together as one house. I like the shape of the building as of the stepping effect on the roof where the building gradually increases in size along the side of the wall. This building links into the previous research I have carried out as of the angular roof. This is an effect that I will experiment with as the angled roof helps to tunnel the sunlight into the rooms as of the expansive windows on the large flint walls. I have focused on the shape of the building instead of the material as of the practicality of a different material such as wood for the buildings cladding because the shape works with the research of models and previous ideas because of the angular roof that will help maximise the amount of sunlight entering the rooms. This is the key feature that I will incorporate into a final design because this will lower the amount of energy used for turn lights on. I will look at the exterior shape and experiment with a model to help incorporate the angular roof into the design.

Existing Buildings I looked at the shape of the award winning Flint House and decided that this was the shape that I will incorporate into my final design as of the angles used in the design. The angles mixed with an open plan living space will become incredible effective at allowing sunlight to flood into the rooms. By using high gloss finishes the room could light up during the day and would have no need for electricity to be used for turning a light on. I chose to look at one part of the building by segmenting the design u. I chose to use the tallest wall as this had the biggest angle with the roof. By looking at detailed CAD designs of the building I was able to look at the design in detail. I could tell that the walls height was big enough for two floors as of the exterior bal cony. This is the part of the design that I have decided to subtract away from mine as the walls will not have to be this big as it will be a one storey cabin so that the building is lightweight and will not need as many stilts to be dug in to the landscape, helping to preserve the site. This angle roof will work well as a buildings design because the angle will help for the solar panels to g ain more sunlight during the day therefore producing more sustainable energy for the building. Once I chose the segment of the design I then created an initial sketch using the same exterior shape and chose to open the walls up so that more natural lig ht can flood into the rooms.

Initial Model I created this model after the research and experiments I had previously produced. I had researched how a design can become sustainable and not harm the environment as much as a common brick house does. I designed this house with the intentions that it would be built in the same material and shape if developed to a scaled design. I designed this model from the inspiration I gained from the buildings that use large expanses of glass panels so that natural light can flood into the rooms. I have produced this minimalist design as the sparse rooms offer opportunity to the layout and doorways. From producing this small scaled MDF model I have been able to realise where improvements in the designs can be placed so that more natural light can flood into the rooms without any barriers stopping it. By placing the large windows on the tallest wall I have been able decided that floor to ceiling glass windows will be the best choice as the angle of the roof will tunnel the light downwards towards where the people are on the floor. By using this angled roof the solar panels will be easily fitted so that the most sunlight can be obtained as of the flexibility of the suns rays hit the solar panels. I tried to allow the most light into rooms by removing shallow parts of the walls so that small amounts of sunlight can enter the room. I like this model as I have been able to understand the parts of the design that are most effective and can be adapted to be used in my final model. Parts of the design that will be used in my final model are the large expansive windows that will lower the amount of electricity used for turning lights on as the natural light will be as effective, the angled roof will also be used because this helps for the sunlight to tunnel into the rooms and focus on the key areas such as the lower levels where the people will be. As the angled roof will compliment the solar panels, this is another benefit to the roofs shape.

Final Outcome From developing my previous model I was able to understand what the previous model was missing. I have developed the layout of the building so that the floor space is maximised. I chose to change the location of an exterior walls so that it gave me the option of including large windows that will light the room up. This wall includes 4 large lass panels that will be south facing so that the sun will shine in throughout the day not just in the morning if the glass was east facing. I chose to create the building with a linear format so that the interior was a large open plan room with no interior walls. This layout helped the light to flow through the rooms as the glass panel would direct the sunlight through the tunnel shape and light the building up. This design will then allow for the sustainable methods of solar panels to be placed on the ceiling as the angled roof will allow for the solar panels to be a discreet design feature that will help to supply for the building. I learnt from my previous model that the roof allowed for a sunlight window to be installed as the flat roof can into direct contact with the room. With the light being able to flood into the rooms in different directions , this feature will only add to the design as the sunlight will always be able to flow through this window as the sun is above the building. My final model has also been developed as I found features that I was m issing in the model had to be added to the design. This included the roofs natural insulator of mud and dirt that will help to insulate the building as the heat could not rise out of the building. The images below are the initial stages of the design as the model was improved by including other features such as the roofs insulator and how the building is elevated above the ground floor so that it will help preserve the buildings location. This feature of raising the floor level also helps the design as the surrounding views will become easily visible from the rooms out of the large windows.

Final Outcome Here I have displayed the initial stages of my final model. The base of the model has been formed and you can see the shape that the building is. The design includes a sloped roof as this is a feature that I researched early in my project from looking at existing buildings for inspiration. The building is a small one storey cabin that is made from wood as this helps to display my intentions of building the sustainable house from wood as this is a sustainable building material. This design is effective as I have incorporated the windows of the building in the correct places as they will allow for the most sunlight possible into the rooms. The window all face in the same direction as the building will be built facing south so that the location to the sun is correct as the sun will shine through the windows throughout the day. I like the open plan layout so that there are no internal walls that will disrupt and block the flow of the sunlight. The rear of the building is also exposed as I will use bi-folding doors so hat the back of the property can be opened to the surroundings so that the building is enlarged with the illusion of large glass panels. By using this scale human I have been able to display the scale of the building and the size of the walls and others like ceiling height. By using this scale person it helps to show how the building is only big enough to be a one storey property.

Final Outcome The next stages of my model include the use of stilts so that the building is elevated above the ground floor level. I learnt to incorporate this into my design earlier in my project where I was experimenting with my other models. The stilts will add to the design of the building but also help to protect and preserve the location as there will be no need to dig a large hole in the landscape to pour the foundations and ruin the environment. With the use of stilts it lowers the amount of floor space needed to be dug out from the building site as only a several small holes will be drilled out for the stilts to slot in so that it will not sink the building into the ground. With the elevated floor level the views of the surroundings will be enhanced as the building owner will have a higher view giving them a better view out of the large windows. I also started to show the roof garden and how I will insulate the top of the building with a natural material. I have used the cork initial to show the mud like colour of the material and how it may look when the natural insulator is installed onto the roof. By using the mud for the roof, weeds, grass and flowers can be grown on the roof even crops so that food can be made by the building. This will help for the homeowner to become sustainable by growing there own food. This will also help the building to blend into the surroundings as the plants on top of the building will be similar to that surrounding the building site.

Final Outcome The images on this slide help me to display my final model and the interior spaces included in t eh design. Throughout my project I chose to use an open plan layout as this helps the building to become brighter as there are no internal walls blocking the sunlight's flow. This was used in my final model for that reason as I have created a sustainable building that uses natural sunlight to light the rooms up. By using the most of the natural sunlight it will lower the electricity bills and the amount of energy we use as a sustainable method is used that doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t need energy that harms the environment. When the sunlight disappears a back up design is used as the solar panels that will be incorporated into the design and located on the roof will help generate sustainable energy throughout the day by using the solar heat. This can then be used during the night so that little energy is needed to light the building throughout the day. The cork uses to represent the natural insulator may be changed to a grass based material for my final design so that the roofs material is more obvious compared to the cork. The back of the design shows how multiple bi-folding doors will be included so that the rear of the building can be opened up making the pen plan layout even bigger. I have also included steps from the back of the building as the design has been elevated so the steps are needed to reach the buildings floor level. I have also allowed room for a window to be placed along the roof of the building as this will add to the amount of natural light that enters the room as the sun can shine from above through the window and into the room.

Final Outcome To complete my final model I went about creating a base fro the design to sit on. I chose to use a material that was a similar colour to the final model as I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t want the base to draw attention away from the building. I chose to use a card that was a sand colour similar to the MDF used for the model. I used the laser cutter to cu the curves to the exact size so that I could produce the same shape repeatedly. I chose to use the shape because I wanted the base to represent the style of landscape my location could be. As I have designed this sustainable building to be located in a rural area where the landscape has not be excavated for foundations. This is why I tried to layer the card upwards so that a raise hill was created and a platform for my model was produced. This base works well with my model as the base does not attract the attention away from the model that demonstrates the skills and information I have learnt during the research stages of my project. The base helps to complete the model as the building now has a location for the site of the building.

Final Outcome I then used a large block of 18mm MDF and joined this to my initial base. The use of the MDF helps the design as the base has been enlarged and now has a contrast of a flat plane and hillside. This helps to show the diversity of the landscape that my location could consist of. This MDF is also a similar colour to the model as it is the same material. With this extra use of a base the model has been raised more from the ground level and helps to create a podium for the model to sit on. The model help still includes the same features as before but the overall model has been changed with the use of the base. The base uses a card and the MDF two materials that have been used in other parts of the model.

Final Outcome I then chose to take plan views sop that the landscape that I picture the model to be located in is shown with the different layers of card. These plan views also helped me to show the shadows that the building would make depending on the placement of the sun. I used a spotlight to represent the sun and moved the model and light depending on the path that the sun would take. This helped me to show how effective the model is at letting the sunlight flood into the room by looking at how the windows in the roof and walls allowed for the sun to place by with ease. You can see how the roof window was the most effective as the sun was above the model and shone down through the window. I placed the light to the front of the model as this is the orientation of the model to the sun when it will be built. The sun will be above the model for most of the day as the building will be built south facing.

Final Outcome I then chose to take close photos of the interior to show how the sun lights the building up. I used the same light and held in up in a similar place to where the sun would be at 12:00 and the light flooded through the windows and passed through the building making sure that no part of the building would be dark. I found that if the sun was at its highest and did not pass through the first window the roof light would allow the light in working as a back up plan so that the rear of the building was lit. In these images it is clear to se how the completed design works. The technique of using large windows like other existing buildings has worked as the buildings windows allows for extra natural light into the building.