Bradley
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A
Faithful
Scholar
2009 Research Collaboration Creativity at Bradley University
From the President
At Bradley University, we are on a mission. Our mission involves coupling world-class research and scholarship with an educational experience that emphasizes leadership and innovation. Every day our talented, committed faculty pursues that mission with great energy and zeal. Let me give you some examples. Dr. Souhail Elhouar wants to help save lives by developing a computer simulation program that will lead to construction of buildings that will be safer during a fire. George Brown and Jim Ferolo are reinventing theatre, pushing the limits of performance and interactive technology to create dynamic, moving productions. Dr. Deitra Kuester is partnering with Dr. Chris Nikolopoulos to develop robots that can help demonstrate interactive skills to more effectively reach and teach students with autism. In this issue of Bradley Works, you can read about our engaged, passionate faculty who work closely with students, as mentors and collaborators. They teach not by lecture, but by involving students in discussions of ideas and by working side-by-side with them in the lab, in the library, in the streets—indeed wherever their search for knowledge takes them. Dr. Craig Cady and a team of undergraduate researchers work alongside each other in his lab, trying to develop effective treatments for ovarian cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Dr. Stacey Robertson and a student traveled to Philadelphia, where they transcribed diaries of early abolitionists from the archives at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Kerrie Schattler and her students hit the streets, literally, to analyze the roads and highways throughout Peoria County to develop a more cost-effective pavement management system.
Our mission encourages faculty to be not only passionate teachers but also outstanding scholars whose research and creative contributions are done in collaboration with other faculty members and students. Dr. David Schmitt engages his students— and colleagues around the globe—to survey people from many cultures in an attempt to help psychologists understand the dynamics of romantic relationships. His findings have been published and quoted throughout Europe and Asia. Dr. Robert Fuller wants to understand people through their religious convictions and has published 12 books that explore topics such as the Antichrist and spirituality as it relates to our physical and psychological being. He, too, is a sought-after speaker and lecturer. These are just a few of the exceptional faculty members at Bradley. There are many others like them pursuing cutting-edge research and expanding our base of knowledge. In fact, there are so many great stories that they couldn’t all fit in this issue of Bradley Works. You can find additional examples of research and scholarship online at bradley.edu/bradleyworks. At Bradley, we strive to become an institution of national distinction. We continue to attract top-notch faculty for our many outstanding academic programs while attracting students from throughout the world to study and work with them. With a clear sense of our mission, we are at a transformational moment in our 112-year history. I am so very proud of the work our faculty and students are doing at Bradley University. As you read the stories in this issue of Bradley Works you’ll understand why.
Warm regards,
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Bradley Works, a publication of Bradley University, highlights the research, collaboration, and creativity of Bradley faculty and students. © 2009 Bradley University 1501 W. Bradley Avenue, Peoria, Illinois 61625 309-676-7611 bradley.edu/bradleyworks
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Staff
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Laura McGowan, Danise Jones, Nancy Ridgeway, writers Sarah Dukes, designer Duane Zehr, university photographer Maureen Horcher, Sheri McGill, interns
Administration Joanne K. Glasser, president Robert Bolla, interim provost and vice president for academic affairs Shelley Epstein, assistant vice president for university communications
COVER
Kathy Fuller, assistant vice president for university relations
WEB CONTENT
FEATURES
Find these NoteWorthy items exclusively online at bradley.edu/bradleyworks.
nurturing environment 02 ACraig Cady and student researchers take
Doing business in China and India Business students go global Best practices Dr. James Adrian helps establish guidelines for engineering and construction projects in China and U.S.
on “tremendous responsibility” in their stem cell research new landscape for learning 06 AStudent-teacher collaboration enhances historical research and harvests mutual admiration
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High-tech teacher Student and faculty research may demonstrate robots enhance socialization instruction for students with autism
Tetrahymena gets its own “wiki” Dr. Nick Stover and computer science students will create online database for single-celled organism
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Paving the way Professors and students work to keep Peoria County’s roads in top condition
21st-century workforce Grants help create new master’s programs to strengthen teachers’ math, science, and engineering skills
A faithful scholar 12 COVER Robert Fuller, Caterpillar Professor of
Improving doctor training Peoria Robotics team hopes to develop more accurate medical simulators
Grants and awards Bradley faculty and staff receive national recognition and $2.5 million in grants and contracts In Bradley Hilltopics, our university magazine, you can find additional information about Bradley. Read it online at bradley.edu/hilltopics.
Religious Studies, reflects on his career as author and teacher Cover photo by Duane Zehr
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18 PERSON What makes love last? 16 FIRST David P. Schmitt, Caterpillar Professor of Psychology, looks at romance from a global perspective difference 18 Dramatic Bradley fuses theatre and multimedia to create a captivating, interactive performance & steel 22 Fire Engineering professor and student employ computer simulations to research damaging effects of fire on steel the future 24 Fueling IPL symposium experts say “no silver bullet” exists for solutions to nation’s energy crisis inspiration 26 Drawing Bradley International Print and Drawing Exhibition informs and inspires faculty, students, and community
IN PRINT and creative productions 30 Publications of Bradley University faculty
A nurturing environment In his lab, Dr. Craig Cady transforms stem cells into neurons, carefully controlling environmental conditions and introducing a precise cocktail of chemicals to encourage the desired differentiation. He also watches over a team of student researchers who are developing as individuals and professionals. Dr. Craig Cady’s laboratory is a special place. Here, he observes stem cells migrating toward
By Laura McGowan
organ-specific cancer cells—a finding that could
has deteriorated in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. At the same time, he guides and mentors a
lead to a precisely targeted form of chemo-
team of students who help him tremendously
therapy with far fewer side effects than
with the hands-on work in the lab, giving them
current treatments.
an experience that, as undergraduates, they are
Cady carefully nurtures neurons. He and his
unlikely to find at many other universities. Cady says he looks for students who have passion
alive much longer than other labs report doing.
and motivation. “When I came to Bradley, I
He also prods and encourages stem cells to
had concerns about working with undergraduate
become more like neurons and hopes that one
students. But, actually, the students have done
day they can regenerate a part of the brain that
very well.”
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students have developed strategies to keep them
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Lauren Hughes, now a senior, walked into Cady’s lab as a freshman and has seldom left, although she did go on one spring break.
to activate and suppress particular genes. It’s incredibly difficult to figure out,” Hughes says. When Hughes came into the lab, they had
She admits to being “completely overwhelmed
recently moved from the stage of “just destroying
that first semester. I couldn’t tell a stem cell
the stem cells to developing cells that actually
from a neuron, and I was in awe of the older
have some parameters of neurons,” she says.
students.” The most experienced member of
After years of research, hard work, and trial
the undergraduate researchers, she speaks with
and error, Cady’s lab now transforms adult stem
confidence and knowledge about her work.
cells into what appear to be extremely healthy
She has planned to attend medical school after
neurons. “We’ve actually showed neurologists
graduation, but would consider staying at
these photos, and they have been fooled,”
Bradley as a graduate student if research
Hughes says. “They are shocked when we
funding becomes available.
tell them they are stem cells.”
When she joined the lab, they were beginning
Outside of the lab, Hughes has also researched
to experiment with transforming stem cells into
the work of other scientists. “Others claim to
neurons. “One of Dr. Cady’s former students,
create cells that look like neurons,” she says,
Adree Venatta, who is now in her third year
“but here’s the thing: no one has proved that
of medical school, had done a lot of research
they function like neurons.”
to find out what combinations of factors would
Dr. Craig Cady talks with Swathy Sreekumar, left, while Lauren Hughes studies stem cells under the microscope.
The neurons produced in Cady’s laboratory
be most likely to influence stem cells to become
express an agent that elicits synthesis of a
like neurons. She started making cocktails of
chemical that is lacking in specific neurodegen-
different factors [a variety of chemicals secreted
erative diseases. Cady and his students’ ultimate
by cells] and putting them on stem cells in order
goal is to develop neurons from a patient’s own
Bradley Works 2009
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stem cells that could someday be introduced
specific cancer cells and then analyzes the
into the brains of patients with neurodegenera-
migration of the stem cells toward cancer cells.
tive diseases and, through de novo synthesis,
“We’re not really sure why, but stem cells are
produce chemicals missing in the disease. It
attracted to cancer cells,” Washburn says. “We
might be necessary to establish a way to target
think that cancer cells are expressing something
these developed neurons to areas of the brain
that stem cells have a receptor for.”
specific to the neurodegenerative disease,
Cady explains that the ultimate goal is for the
thereby replacing function to these areas.
patient to be injected with an inert drug that will
Alec Witty, a student who graduated in 2007, worked for two years to develop a staining
to express a protein once they reach the tumor
method so they could identify key parts of
site, will be injected near the tumor. That protein
neurons. The team was able to stain for voltage-
will trigger the inert drug to turn into an active
gated channels—one feature that makes a neuron
chemotherapeutic drug that will destroy the
a neuron. Stem cells don’t have them, but
tumor. Instead of sending toxic drugs throughout
neurons do. If stem cells are going to function
the body, they can be created right at the site of
like neurons, they will need to develop these
the tumor, using stem cells as a vehicle.
channels. The staining method allows Cady
Having determined that stem cells will migrate
and his students to compare the stem cells with
to tumor cells in the laboratory, the team is now
the actual neurons to see if stem cells are
working on the next phase of experiments, live
developing the channels.
animal testing. Washburn says he is really excited
Cady also has developed a method to test the
about this next phase and hopes to be involved. The actual testing will be done in Springfield in
they will be testing transformed stem cells to see
the laboratories at Southern Illinois University
if they are electrically active, indicating that the
School of Medicine, which has the needed
cells are beginning to function like neurons.
equipment to track the cell migration. “It’s not
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stem cells using electrophysiology. This spring
“This is what makes us different
just cells in a dish—this will be totally different
from other labs,” Hughes says.
and answer a lot of questions,” he says. “For
“We are actually testing the cells
example, we’re not sure if the stem cells will
for functionality.”
actually go where we want them to or if they
“It’s something that makes me not sleep,” Hughes admits. “I feel a responsibility. But it’s exciting because we’ve gotten so far.” Ben Washburn, a junior who
will collect in other tissues where we wouldn’t want them—such as the heart or lungs.” Washburn says he has been surprised by the creative research going on in Cady’s lab and by the fact that he is able to participate. “I didn’t
is planning to be a physician, also
anticipate this as a prospective Bradley student,”
finds the work in the lab extremely
he says, “especially the level of professionalism
motivating. “We’re working with
expected and the opportunity to collaborate
human diseases here, so it’s very
with other schools.”
relevant to my future,” he says. Washburn’s time in the lab has been spent on
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travel throughout the body. Stem cells, designed
Swathy Sreekumar agrees: “I had no idea this research was going on when I came to
another of Cady’s groundbreaking projects—
Bradley. Now, as a campus tour guide for
using stem cells to treat tissue-specific cancer.
prospective biology majors, I tell students that
He creates co-cultures of stem cells and tissue-
there is so much opportunity to do research
at Bradley. I think people need to be more aware of what is going on here.” Having recently joined Cady’s research team, Sreekumar has been doing lots of watching and listening. Cady explains that new students have to learn the procedures and sterile techniques. “We have many biohazards in the lab. We have human tissue and toxic substances. We always wear gloves, closed-toed shoes, and lab coats. And we spray lots of ethanol.” But, he explains, “if these students were at a major research institution, they would be cleaning dishes or stem cells.” Besides collaborating with other institutions and his students, Cady also works with colleagues at Bradley. Recently he began discussing his work with Dr. Kalyani Nair, who specializes in tissue engineering and has just begun teaching in the biomedical engineering program. “She is going to look at stem cells and how they change into neurons or how they change into heart cells,” Cady says. “We look at a cellular and protein level. Dr. Nair has the expertise to look at the cells from an atomic level to help understand how and why the cells are changing.” Cady explains that his training is in neurophysiology, but “I’ve branched out a lot. I had to learn about stem cells and cancer research. Other areas I was working on led into it. Without my colleagues in cancer research and other fields, I certainly couldn’t have done the work—and that’s becoming more and more
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making cultures. They wouldn’t be handling
neurodegenerative diseases. Locally, Joan Snyder, a Parkinson’s lobbyist and patient with Parkinson’s, holds an annual fundraiser
Ben Washburn studies stem cells migrating toward cancer cells.
in Peoria. “She has steered a lot of money our way, and we are very grateful.” Cady says he also appreciates the fact that Snyder brings other patients with Parkinson’s into the lab so they can see the work being done. “It’s an incredibly moving experience to see their faces when they look at the neurons and stem cells under the microscope. Joan doesn’t let us lose sight of what we are working toward. I think it’s incredibly motivating for the students.” Cady admits, however, that this can also be a little unsettling for him. “It reminds us of the tremendous responsibility that we have.”
common in science. You have to work with
Dr. Cady encourages expectant parents to
colleagues in other areas because we have so
consider making a cord blood donation when
much competition now. A scientist has to be
their babies are born. He can be reached at
able to publish on a variety of topics.”
ccady@bradley.edu or 309-677-3020.
He explains that science is so competitive that the National Institutes of Health currently grants funding to only about 7 percent of applications. As a result, Cady says, he has to find diverse funding sources. An important source for this lab has been foundations that raise money for
Bradley Works 2009
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A new landscape for learning By Nancy Ridgeway
Senior history major Courtney Wiersema and Dr. Stacey Robertson, associate professor of history, discovered the value of student-faculty collaboration when they participated in a seminar sponsored by SHEAR-Mellon (Society for Historians of the Early American Republic and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation) in Philadelphia last summer. Wiersema was among 10 history students nationwide chosen to participate in a three-week seminar at the University of Pennsylvania’s McNeil Center for the Study of Early America. Students attended sessions on the theory of history, discussed graduate school, and did preliminary research for their senior projects.
side-by-side with our laptops, typing. I’ve been
Their faculty advisors attended the final week
working on this for 10 years, and she had a
of the seminar and were encouraged both to
completely fresh eye, which was very helpful.”
help students hone their prospectuses and to conduct their own research. Wiersema and Robertson helped each other
rights leader Lucretia Mott, and Robertson
with research, a new experience for Robertson,
remembered her own experience years ago when
who is accustomed to doing research alone.
she found the handwritten name of another
“Historians are a solitary bunch. We don’t do
famous abolitionist, Frederick Douglass.
collaborative work much,” Robertson says. “By
Outside the archives, Wiersema also helped
the time I arrived, Courtney was an expert at
Robertson find her way around the city.
using the archives. Just learning to use it can take
Robertson says, “We became friends as much
lots of time. Courtney helped me negotiate the
as having a teacher-student relationship.”
archives, and since she had finished most of her
Back in Peoria, Wiersema will help Robertson
research at the center, she volunteered to help
with her manuscript, assisting with the final
with my research.”
process of checking footnotes, contacting
Robertson is writing a transcript about female abolitionists, and she and Wiersema found a
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Wiersema was in awe when seeing the handwritten name of abolitionist and women’s
representatives from archives, and more. Wiersema’s senior project delves into land-
diary written by a group of abolitionists in the
scape and gender on the Illinois prairie between
Philadelphia area. “Courtney and I both began
1800 and 1860. “Men as providers looked at
transcribing from the record books. We sat
the land and saw its potential for farming and
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ranching. Women were taught to be nurturing
Robertson says her experience in Philadelphia
and were more apt to find the land beautiful.
has helped her in the classroom. “Educators are
They were less likely to look at the land’s ability
moving away from the idea that we scoop out
to produce, but they were pretty tough ladies,”
knowledge and put it in our students’ brains.
says Wiersema, noting the prairie was settled
Now, we strive for a true engagement of ideas.
primarily by people from Germany, Sweden,
It’s easier to give a lecture on a topic that
and England.
you’re familiar with than to sit down and
Wiersema credits Robertson with helping on her senior project “every step of the way. I need someone to point me in the right direction, and
do a free-form discussion, but the learning process has to happen in an active way.” She notes, “True collaboration has to be
she has helped me with that and with editing.
a real give and take. It’s more meaningful for
Having someone to turn to when you’re freaking
students and professors when the discussion
out when things don’t go right is great. You
goes both ways.”
avoid major errors, and it’s important knowing
Robertson will co-lead the next SHEAR/
the support is there. The continuity from
Mellon seminar in June 2009. She says, “I am
Philadelphia to here is helpful.”
thrilled to have this opportunity to work with
Wiersema has since visited the Abraham
Dr. Stacey Robertson and senior history major Courtney Wiersema have collaborated on their historical research. Robertson is studying female abolitionists, while Wiersema is exploring gender and the Illinois prairie in the early 19th century.
other students who are eager to delve into the
Lincoln Presidential Library in Springfield,
wonderful world of history. I am convinced
looking for manuscripts and letters. Her favorite
that I will benefit as much from the experience
find is a letter written in 1835 by a Peoria
as they will.”
resident who described the city as it was then.
Bradley Works 2009
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Andrew Becker, left, and Will Herring are programming robots to demonstrate a social story or script that may help children with autism learn specific social skills.
High-tech teacher
Robots may help students with autism learn the art of human interaction By Maureen Horcher
In the not-so-distant future, students with autism may learn from robots instead of humans. Three Bradley students are experimenting
Kuester noted there is room for novel teaching
with humanoid robots that may assist children
techniques in this field because the current dir-
with autism in an educational setting. Dr. Deitra
ectional teaching style using human interaction
Kuester, assistant professor of special education,
may contribute to anxiety for many children
and Dr. Chris Nikolopoulos, professor of
with ASD.
computer science and information systems,
“The purpose of the project is to reduce the
are facilitating the project. Dr. Kevin Finson,
fear and complexity of working with a human to
professor of education, has also joined the team
teach [students with ASD] social skills,” Kuester
as a resource. They began the project in spring
says. She hopes this will result in students’
2008, creating an innovative, cross-curricular
abilities to apply learned social skills to her
collaborative opportunity for Bradley students.
target environments—school and home.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a develop-
Kuester and senior learning behavior specialist,
mental disorder involving varying degrees of
elementary education, and early childhood major
deficit in socialization, communication, and
Lauralyn Bogart will first observe the experimen-
learning. Individuals with ASD may be highly
tal subjects and discuss desired social skills with
functional to highly challenged.
their parents and teachers. “These could include
Robots will act as a human substitute in teaching social skills to students with ASD. The ultimate goal is to use the robots to convey a variety of social skills. Some skills may include initiation of communication, reciprocal conversation, or teaching individuals with ASD who may be nonverbal how to express wants and needs.
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Robot use has gained momentum in primarily therapeutic settings for individuals with ASD.
teaching them how to greet another student, how
to ask a student to come play, and, for older
first prototype and programmed it according
students, [it] could even be how to ask another
to Kuester’s specific criteria.
ties are endless of what they could teach.” For now, the robots’ behavior will be scripted.
Will Herring, senior computer science major, is one of the two students continuing the project. “The field of this fusion between robotics and
They will be programmed with a social story or
autism is fascinating, and a lot of good research
social script, two common strategies of teaching
is being done,” Herring says. “Creating some-
socially appropriate behavior. The robots will
thing with computer science that has a profound
demonstrate a particular social skill in stages.
real-world impact would be a great step from
Future investigations will attempt to equip robots with “artificial intelligence” characteris-
all these years of instruction.” In addition to Herring and his senior computer
tics, such as non-deterministic behavior, vision
science major counterpart, Andrew Becker,
recognition, and more extensive natural
Kuester added Bogart to the team this year.
language capabilities.
The three students will construct and program
The current investigation will introduce the social skill to the students in three stages. First, students watch the programmed robots interact with each other. Next, the instructor replaces one of the robots
two more prototype brands. The group will have created four testing robots in total. Kuester says testing a variety of robots is important to determine which fits the future study best. This includes determining how the
with a student, who interacts with the robot
student will react to the robot and which robot
using a pre-scripted dialogue.
is most economically efficient. For instance,
Finally, the teacher will remove the remaining robot. After having learned the appropriate
human-sized robots are too expensive for many schools’ pocketbooks.
behavior without the complexity or anxiety
The team is well on its way to creating the
of working with a human, the goal is for the
next prototypes. The members completed one
student to demonstrate and generalize the skill
robot with minimal speech capabilities and plan
more readily with a human than if he or she
to build a replica programmed with speech and
learned the skill through traditional modalities.
movement capabilities. Herring says all robots
The three stages enable the robot to act out
have their own programming languages. He is
what the teacher would typically teach using
learning the language for a robot that will be
lecture (or role play) strategies.
able to walk, run, sing, and dance.
“It’s not a matter of the robot teaching the
Kuester says by spring 2009, they should have
skill. The robot acts as an agent through which
the robots ready for introduction into school and
the skill is learned,” Kuester says.
home environments. By May, they should have
The project is in its early stages. Kuester and
data on student interaction with the robots and
Nikolopoulos brainstormed the inception of this
whether or not the robots will perform what
study as a project for Nikolopoulos’ computer
Kuester desires. Bogart and Kuester will observe
science class. Four students initially created the
the students and collect and analyze data.
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student to a dance,” Bogart says. “The possibili-
ABOVE: Dr. Chris Nikolopoulos, left, Dr. Kevin Finson, and Dr. Deitra Kuester hope that robots in the classroom can help reduce the anxiety that more directional teaching styles often create in students with autism. BELOW: Social skills will be introduced to students in three stages. First, two robots will act out a script; next, a student will interact with a robot. Then, the goal will be for the student to demonstrate the behavior with another person.
Bradley Works 2009
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Paving the Way Dr. Kerrie Schattler and her students hope to keep Peoria’s roads in top shape
By Danise Jones
Dr. Kerrie Schattler reviews some items with members of her student crew and Dr. Suresh Immanuel. In the foreground are, from left, Cyndi Stenwall, William Pearsall, Schattler, Phillip Keller, and Immanuel. Students in the background are, from left, Mitchell Wedell and Daniel Frohlich.
Every day millions of people travel on interstates,
ment system helps decision-makers find optimum
state highways, county roads, and city streets
strategies for keeping pavements in serviceable
without thinking twice about them. That is,
condition. The professor states that today’s focus
until a pothole rattles their thoughts or road
is on preventative maintenance. A road agency
construction halts their path.
can preserve the overall pavement life signifi-
Making sure roads are safe for travel, however,
routinely. This strategy is more effective than
Bradley University faculty member Dr. Kerrie
waiting until the pavement fails and then fixing
Schattler, whose research interests include
it, which is more costly.
highway and pedestrian safety. For almost two
“To an actual driver that means you might
years, and thanks to a $99,150 grant, Peoria
not have to close down too many lanes for long
County’s roads have been of utmost importance
periods of time. Overall, it would provide a
to Schattler as she, her crew of 11 students, and
better driving condition of road over the long
faculty member Dr. Suresh Immanuel developed
haul. It may take a while for these benefits to
and implemented a pavement management
be realized once the system is in place, but it’s
system (PMS) for the Peoria County Highway
a more systematic approach to maintaining
Department (PCHD). Immanuel, whose specialty
the quality of the surface,” she adds.
is pavement design, assisted in the summer of
Schattler’s work on the county PMS began
2008 by training students to identify pavement
in April 2007 after the project proposal was
distresses by type and severity.
approved and the contract was signed. Prelimi-
According to Schattler, a pavement manage-
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cantly if smaller repairs are made early and
is always on the minds of civil engineers like
nary discussions with the PCHD management,
county engineer Thomas McFarland, and head
graduate students, because I believe this is a
design engineer and BU alumna Amy Benecke-
learning experience for them. With Collette,
McLaren revealed their need for the development
I advised her to experiment with leadership
of a PMS for the county and their concerns with
and management responsibilities.” Glauber adds, “Working on a project with
seemed interested in partnering with Bradley
a professor allows the student to use research
and providing the students with opportunities
methods to come up with alternative solutions
to gain practical experience.” Her full proposal
to problems instead of narrowing in on one
for the PCHD included planning, development,
solution because that is how it is typically done.”
implementation, and training. Collette Glauber,
Schattler stresses, “Everything is done in
a graduate student at the time, assisted in many
consultation with me, but I’ll let the graduate
aspects of the project from its inception until
student take a stab at a task first to enhance
near completion, over a year-and-a-half period
their learning experience.” The students always
while pursuing her master’s in civil engineering.
came to Schattler with questions. “I’d ask
In developing a PMS, the professor wanted
Collette to assist in training the undergraduate
to make sure the system suited the county’s needs
students and answering their questions. I think
and would be one they could maintain in the
it’s a really good learning tool for the students.
future based on their resources. To achieve this,
I like to make that opportunity available to
the county was extensively involved in the
the students because they can really grow and
planning aspects of the system.
challenge themselves in a very comfortable
Once the design of the PMS was completed, the undergraduate students started work in
environment.” Collaborating with students on projects
fall 2007. Joining the team were recent civil
is important, Schattler states, because “hands-
engineering graduates Nicholas Homerding,
on work is integral to long-term knowledge
Luke Nelson, Matthew Mathien, Bill Pearsall,
retention principles and learning principles.”
Daniel Frohlich, and Jason Shurtz; senior civil
She adds, “For a lot of it, they are in the
engineering majors Mitchell Wedell, Phillip
field and working independently so their ethics,
Keller, and Utkarsh Pandey; and junior organiza-
integrity, and responsibility really have to be there.
tional communications major Cyndi Stenwall.
They built a lot of team skills, and a lot of other
Wedell says, “Activities that needed to be
Wedell agrees that the project enhanced the
measuring the length of the section of road that
team’s skills. “If we did not communicate what
needed to be inspected. We then needed to take
we were doing and what we had done, the
a picture of the section and survey the section
project could have gotten very disorganized.”
for any kind of deformations.” Schattler’s team
Before presenting the PMS, Schattler says,
inspected the county’s 311 miles of roads, which
“I did a quality assurance quality control check
they broke down into segments and then into
on some of the inspections. If a batch was off,
inspection units.
then that batch was reinspected.”
Schattler relates Glauber shouldered much responsibility. “I try
Collette Glauber, a graduate student at the time, surveys a Peoria County road as Utkarsh Pandey records information about the pavement.
byproducts came out of it.”
performed in order to get the task done included
Describing the faculty-student collaboration,
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maintaining the system. Schattler says, “They
Schattler and the team successfully delivered the fully developed system to the county in December 2008.
not to micromanage too much, especially with my
Bradley Works 2009
11
A
Faithful
Scholar
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By Nancy Ridgeway
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Dr. Robert Fuller is an energetic professor
For more than 30 years, Dr. Robert Fuller has published books on many topics, ranging from the Antichrist to Wonder. A Caterpillar Professor of Religious Studies and director of Bradley’s Honors Program, he reflects on his career as a scholar and teacher at Bradley.
whose body of scholarly works reflects his vitality. Unlike many scholars who focus on a fairly narrow academic topic, this Caterpillar Professor of Religious Studies has researched and written about a wide variety of topics relating to religion, and his output has been prodigious. His books have been published by some of the world’s most prestigious academic presses. Five have been published by Oxford University Press, the world’s premier publisher of academic books on religion. Fuller’s 12th book, Spirituality in the Flesh, was published by Oxford last year. The book takes a scientific look at why humans become religious. His other books have delved into such wide-ranging topics as moral obligation, spirituality outside traditional religious institutions, the sense of wonder, alternative medicine, the cultural history of psychology, the impact of religion on human development through the life cycle, the role of wine in religious experience, and the history of Americans’ beliefs about the Antichrist. Fuller comments, “I have never been able to limit my interests to a single scholarly field. I tell people I have ADD— Academic Deficiency Disorder. I can’t keep myself from pursuing new interests.” He commends Bradley’s administration for promoting an ideal mix of teaching and scholarship. “Classroom teaching is why I chose a career as a college professor. But, teaching is about discovering and communicating knowledge, and this is where teaching connects with the research we do outside the classroom,” Fuller says, crediting former provost John Hitt, who in the 1970s and 1980s had the vision to support and create an expectation for Bradley faculty to conduct research. Bradley’s Office of Teaching Excellence and Faculty Development (OTEFD), where faculty can apply for internal research funding, is a tangible expression of institutional commitment. Fuller notes that with the resources of OTEFD, the inter-library loan system, and access to Internet2, Bradley can support the highest levels of research in most academic areas.
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Bringing national attention to Bradley
Studying science’s role in religion
Fuller’s book, Naming the Antichrist, was
Spirituality in the Flesh, will be instrumental in
published in 1995 and continues to gain
distinguishing him as a frontrunner in researching
attention. When first published, this book was
the correlation between science and religion, a
spotlighted in such national media as the Boston
topic he embraces. “You can only think and feel
Globe, New York Times, and Los Angeles Times.
what the brain allows you to think and feel.
Fuller’s expertise in the psychological roots of
Therefore, religious thoughts and feelings are
end-of-the-world religious beliefs had already
anchored in the physiology of our bodies,” he says.
made him a media resource when the religious
Many of his colleagues in religious studies have
community in Waco, Texas, came under siege
not grasped the relationship, and Fuller decided
by federal authorities. During that incident Fuller
to research the connection after leading biologists
was sought out by more than 40 television, radio,
Richard Dawkins of Cambridge University and
newspaper, and magazine journalists. A few years
E.O. Wilson of Harvard University published
ago, Fuller was contacted by the History Channel
books on religion.
to film a two-part series on the Antichrist that
“The connection between psychology and
continues to be aired frequently. Last summer, he
religion is the overall theme of my academic
was interviewed for a Canadian cable television
research. This was my major field in graduate
series, “What I Believe.” The host conversed
school at the University of Chicago. My second
with religious authorities to help guide the
field, however, was American cultural and
audience to an informed view of this topic.
religious history, and for many years I published
Discussing the book, Fuller comments, “In all
more in this area than in my initial area,” Fuller
my other books, I’m promoting ideas I personally
says. “Being 28 years out of grad school, I was
champion. I wrote this book to speak out about
somewhat out of touch with newly emerging
an aspect of religion that is usually hateful and
work in academic psychology. I needed to
mean-spirited. As a scholar, I would far prefer to
rejuvenate my professional skills by digging
be known for what I support, rather than what I
into 21st-century psychology.”
am against. Ironically, the one book that explains
As he conducted research, Fuller conferred
my critical perspective on certain facets of
with Bradley psychology professors Dr. Derek
religion turned out to be one of my best-known
Montgomery and Dr. David Schmitt. They
contributions to the field.”
steered him to state-of-the-art work in cognitive
He pulls no punches in expressing his disdain
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In contrast, Fuller hopes his most recent book,
psychology and the psychology of emotions.
for “beliefs that glorify the destruction of the
In contrast to the 1960s and 1970s, when
world rather than directing us to efforts that will
psychologists believed people came into the
build the world.” Fuller notes that religion is not
world as blank slates, psychologists are now
always about love. It has also been about hate.
knowledgeable about the role of genetic or
His historical narrative explains how religious
biological influences. Fuller’s book uses current
efforts to “name the antichrist” can be seen as
research in the biological and psychological
pernicious attempts to demonize our enemies.
sciences to explore a variety of questions about
Fuller observes, “The idea of an Antichrist has
religion, such as why some religious traditions
served as a vehicle for labeling those who differ
assign spiritual currency to pain, why the
from us as incarnations of evil and thereby
emotion of fear so often factors prominently in
justifying violence and continued hatred, all
religious life, why people often believe they have
in the name of God.”
a deep personal relationship with unseen spiritual
Fuller in print beings, or how chemically altered states of
explores the contrasting ways in which fear
consciousness often trigger religious experiences.
and wonder influence such cognitive activities
One topic covered in Spirituality in the Flesh
as selective attention to sensory input, memory
is how scientists conduct laboratory research on
retrieval, physiological arousal, and activating
religious experiences. “By wiring people to EEGs
fight/flight tendencies. If fear plays a prominent
or other sophisticated equipment that monitors
role in religious thinking, then we know that
brain activity, we can see how different parts
cognition and behavior are more likely to
of the brain become especially active during
become narrow, defensive, and possibly hostile.
mystical experiences. I find it fascinating to
Wonder, on the other hand, expands our
learn what is going on in the brain during
cognitive repertoire, elicits greater empathy for
experiences we label as religious or mystical.”
others, and establishes long-lasting attitudes of
The book also explores the connection between religion and sexuality. “Our most
care and ethical concern.” Another chapter of the book looks at pain
powerful biological urge is to repopulate.
and illness, which “can lead to profound
Powerful hormones motivate us to become
religious transformations. Pain dismantles our normal sense of self and ushers in a surrender
“ If we start from the standpoint that life is itself a miracle, then religion is the way we celebrate the sacredness of our physical, worldly existence.” — Dr. Robert Fuller
response. For this reason pain is often associated with religious rites of passage and various kinds of ‘born again’ experiences.” He adds, “The book’s last chapter deals with a number of ways our bodies connect with spirituality. Our body’s spatial orientation to experience profoundly influences how and what we think. For this reason, bodily metaphors permeate religion. Consider, for example, how
attracted to others, to seek intimate union,
often we hear people pray for God to lift them
and to sustain loving relationships. All of this
up, ask Jesus to take them in His arms, or
has a bearing on why religious persons become
proclaim that ‘I once was low, now I am high.’
attracted to God, seek intimate union with God,
In the final chapter, I also show how my view
and sustain loving relationships with their chosen
differs from other scholars, such as Richard
Lord or Savior. If you read many conversion
Dawkins, who only use biological information
narratives or observe religious revival meetings,
to debunk religion. Religion can be detrimental
you can hardly avoid noticing this connection
to human well-being as Dawkins and others have
between religion and romantic love. It’s an
scientifically shown, but it is also the source of
obvious topic, yet it is also a controversial topic.
our imaginative thinking and spurs us to our
Because most scholars spend only two or three
loftiest thoughts and feelings.”
sentences describing this connection between
In the book’s conclusion, Fuller makes it
religion and sexuality, I am one of the first to
clear that a biological approach to religion does
develop this line of analysis in any detail.”
not have to be linked with disbelief. “Indeed, if
He continues, “Another important biological
we start from the standpoint that life is itself a
factor in religion is the role of emotion. It is
miracle,” Fuller says, “then religion is the way
not a question of whether emotion influences
we celebrate the sacredness of our physical,
religious thinking, but a question of which
worldly existence.”
Five of the 12 books written by Dr. Robert Fuller, Caterpillar Professor of Religious Studies, have been published by the Oxford University Press: Spirituality in the Flesh: Bodily Sources of Religious Experience. Oxford University Press, 2008. Wonder: From Emotion to Spirituality. University of North Carolina Press, 2006. Religious Revolutionaries. St. Martin’s/Palgrave, 2004. Spiritual, But Not Religious. Oxford University Press, 2001. Stairways to Heaven. Westview Press, 2000. Religion and Wine. University of Tennessee Press, 1996. Naming the Antichrist. Oxford University Press, 1995. Ecology of Care: An Interdisciplinary View of the Self and Moral Obligation. Westminster Press, 1992. Alternative Medicine and American Religious Life. Oxford University Press, 1989. Religion and the Life Cycle. Fortress Press, 1988. Americans and the Unconscious. Oxford University Press, 1986. Mesmerism and the American Cure of Souls. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982.
emotions are most pronounced. My research
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FirstPerson
Researcher explores eternal question
What makes love last?
duane zehr
–
Beginnings By Dr. David P. Schmitt, Caterpillar Professor of Psychology For more detailed findings of the ISDP and a list of Dr. Schmitt’s publications, please see bradley.edu/ bradleyworks/schmitt
16
As an undergraduate, I decided on a whim
men and women desired in potential sexual
to take a course on personality psychology.
partners, but that these differences were smaller
I was a physics major interested in predicting
within certain ethnicities, socioeconomic groups,
the behavior of satellites and comets, but once
and personality types.
I discovered one could legitimately use scientific measures and statistical tools to accurately
Researching relationships
predict the behavior of humans, I was hooked.
This curiosity in the psychology of personality
I eventually took several courses in personality
and romantic relationships carried over to my
and social psychology, writing term papers and
graduate education. As a graduate student, I
conducting small in-class studies on personality
helped conduct several studies of married couples
and behavior. One of my favorite term papers
and came to learn that certain personality traits
was, “Why is it that some couples do well
are more important than others in determining
together, whereas others drift apart after only a
what people desire in potential partners and
few months?” I reviewed evidence in that paper
whether or not a romantic relationship lasts.
showing the degree to which newlywed couples
For instance, highly disagreeable and neurotic
are similar in personality relates to whether
people are not preferred and tend to make bad
couples are satisfied with their relationships years
romantic partners, but if they are partnered with
later. In one research study, my classmates and
others who also are disagreeable and neurotic
I tested a theory regarding why we are attracted
a relationship can endure. Today, Match.com
to some people more than others, and why what
and eHarmony.com make claims about the
is considered attractive varies among people and
importance of “personal compatibility,” and
across cultures and socio-demographic statuses.
in fact some scientific evidence exists to back
I found that gender differences existed in what
such claims.
After arriving at Bradley University in the
ously administered surveys to college student
late 1990s, I developed several new measures of
and community samples across all nations.
people’s “sexual personalities” and investigated
We asked about people’s personality traits (e.g.,
whether certain sexual attitudes and behaviors
self-esteem: “Do you like yourself?”), sexual
also play important roles in romantic relation-
attitudes (e.g., sociosexuality: “Do you think
ship outcomes. In a study of 48 dating couples,
that casual sex is OK?”), and sexual behaviors
my students and I found that individuals who
(e.g., mate poaching: “Have you ever tried to
are disagreeable and extroverted tend to have
romantically attract someone who is already
permissive or “unrestricted” sociosexual
in a relationship with someone else?”). With
attitudes (i.e., they tend to feel positively toward
the help of over a dozen Bradley students, we
engaging in casual sex). Individuals who are
were able to combine all these responses into a
disagreeable, extroverted, and low in conscien-
usable dataset for addressing whether previous
tiousness are more likely to also be unfaithful
research findings replicate across cultures.
and to engage in acts of “mate poaching” (or
Across the ISDP, we found many results from
stealing another person’s romantic partner).
the USA replicated around the world. However,
These personality-relationship linkages are
it was the differences in findings across cultures
interesting because psychologists can use what is
that were most interesting. For example,
known about the developmental and physiologi-
although men were more likely to think that
cal origins of these traits to better understand the
casual sex is OK than women in every culture,
who, what, where, when, and how of romantic
the degree to which men and women differed
relationships going wrong.
depended on the sociopolitical gender equality
The International Sexuality Description Project
of the local culture. In more progressive or “gender-egalitarian” cultures (e.g., Finland), gender differences in sociosexuality were smaller.
I began collaborating with psychologists
In more traditional cultures (e.g., Botswana),
from Europe and Asia to see if the personality-
gender differences in sociosexuality were larger.
relationship linkages found in the USA would
We also found that self-esteem was linked to
replicate across cultures. Too often, research
sociosexuality differently for men and women,
from Western cultures is assumed to be
and differently across cultures among women.
“universal” without regard for the important
In the USA men who were positive toward casual
influences of culture. In 2000, I assembled a large
sex tend to have higher self-esteem, whereas
team of over 100 psychologists, sociologists,
women who were positive toward casual sex
biologists, and other researchers to study sexual
have slightly lower self-esteem. This is typical
attitudes and behaviors across cultures. This
of most cultures, but women from Eastern
team included researchers from 56 nations. I
European cultures who have positive attitudes
called this research the International Sexuality
toward casual sex have higher self-esteem.
Description Project (ISDP). Our main goal
My students and I have published several
was to investigate how culture, personality,
papers using this cross-cultural ISDP dataset,
and gender combine to influence sexual attitudes
including papers on self-esteem, sociosexuality,
and behaviors (e.g., why are some people
and mate poaching. I plan to continue such
dutifully monogamous, whereas others are
research, always with an eye on explaining the
rampantly unfaithful).
eternal question of why some relationships last
In the ISDP, my colleagues and I simultane-
and others do not.
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Ancient tragedy transformed by new script and leading-edge technology
dramatic difference Bradley University’s production of Aeschylus’
leading-edge digital filming, rendering, and
trilogy The Oresteia, which took place Nov-
projection techniques to blend together different
ember 13–23, 2008, represents a magnificent
media to enhance the storytelling. In their
collaboration. In the Theatre Department,
directors’ notes, Brown and Ferolo write that a
faculty and students, under the guidance of
goal of this collaboration is to create “something
George Brown, professor of theatre arts and
that is part movie, part theatre, and part
department chair, spent well over a year rewrit-
Internet, but completely engaging.”
ing the text of this ancient Greek tragedy, which
In Bradley’s Oresteia, the convergence of
was first performed in 458 B.C. Their goal was
multimedia and theatre and the attempt to make
to make the play, which begins with the murder
the drama relevant for a contemporary audience
of Agamemnon by his wife as he returns
create many effects that contribute to an
heroically from the Trojan War, understandable
anti-illusive performance. Instead of creating
and relevant to an audience of contemporary
an illusion and drawing the audience into the
college students who have little background
performance completely, anti-illusive techniques
in Greek history or theatre.
continually remind the audience that they are
As they planned how to bring their script
18
By Laura McGowan
viewing a theatrical performance, not reality.
to the stage, they collaborated with a large team
In this way, Bradley’s production has some roots
of faculty and students from the Multimedia
in Bertold Brecht’s concept of the “epic theatre.”
Program, directed by James Ferolo, associate
Brown and Ferolo state that they used many
professor of multimedia. They wanted to use
techniques to contribute to what Brecht called
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the alienation effect. “You keep the audience on
Though beautiful, the odes are dense with
the edge of their seat, not knowing what is going
references that are difficult for a modern
to happen next.” For example, Brecht would use
audience to understand. “If you didn’t have the
minimal props or interrupt the action with song
footnotes, you could not read the odes today,”
or poetry. According to Brown and Ferolo,
Brown says. So, the team kept returning to the
such techniques can encourage the audience
question: “if it doesn’t have relevance for current
to contemplate the action of the play within a
students, what is it saying?” They “kept going
social context and to approach the performance
back to ‘what is the play saying about justice?’”
intellectually as well as emotionally. Justice is the
They wanted the audience to consider this
central theme and question of The Oresteia—and
central concept for themselves.
this production challenges the audience to face
They achieved this by having actors planted
that question head on, to determine what justice
in the audience, taking on roles of contemporary
means not only for the characters in the play,
college students. They interrupted—and com-
but in their own lives.
mented upon—the action frequently. They debated
In rewriting the play for a contemporary
the concept of justice within the play and within
audience, the team had to find a way to deal
their own lives. Like the ancient chorus, they
with many traditional features of Greek theatre,
became the ideal spectators, relating the action
such as the chorus. Aeschylus’ Oresteia features
on the stage to their own experiences.
beautifully poetic choral odes, many of which the
Another convention of ancient Greek theatre
chorus would have sung during the performance.
that the production revised was deux ex machina—
ABOVE: The furies that torment Orestes (Justin Verstraete) appear as green electrical impulses with a human form, seeming more like subconscious forces than the gods of the ancient theatre. LEFT: In ancient Greek theatre, gods were lowered to the stage in baskets. In Bradley’s production of The Oresteia, Athena (Alison Farajpanahi) is a beautiful and powerful digital image projected larger than life above the stage.
Bradley Works 2009
19
end, Athena, the goddess of wisdom and justice, appears and proclaims Orestes’ innocence. To mortals, a verdict was unknowable, but a goddess could descend and pronounce a judgment and end Orestes’ anguish. In Bradley’s rewriting of the play, people, not a god, must decide the verdict. Athena presides over a trial, right out of the television drama Law and Order, but the actors, and, ultimately, the audience, must come to their own decision about whether Orestes is guilty or innocent. Bradley’s production then contains a distinct irony: the “machine” has been perfected. Apollo and Athena are not lowered to the stage by means of awkward wires and baskets. They are powerful, engaging digital images projected onto the stage. But in losing their clumsy trappings, Emily Deichstetter
they have also lost some of their power. A civilization that can create virtual worlds, that can create a convincing image of a god that is both frightening and beautiful, cannot rely on supernatural intervention to solve its problems. Such intervention cannot replace our need to The furies (see photo page 19) began as actors dancing with scarves on green screen. This footage was then transformed by specialized software to create the electrical furies that tormented Orestes on the stage.
the god from the machine. In Aeschylus’ performances, this would have been an actor,
In Aeschylus’ production of The Oresteia,
playing the role of a god—Apollo, Zeus, or
the furies, the forces that torment Orestes, would
Athena—who would descend onto the stage,
have been gods portrayed by actors. In Bradley’s
often suspended by wires, to create a resolution
production, the furies become green electrical
to an otherwise unsolvable dilemma.
impulses dancing around Orestes. Their creation
In The Oresteia, for example, the other
beautifully shows the strength of the convergence
characters, and even some of the gods, cannot
of multimedia and theatre. Dancers with scarves
determine Orestes’ guilt or innocence. They
were filmed using choreographed moves. So the
know he killed his mother to avenge his
furies’ movements are natural and human. Ferolo
father’s death. But they also know the story is
says that in the filming of the furies, “we tracked
complicated. His mother, Clytemnestra, kills
their physical motions in the studio and then
Agamemnon because he sacrificed their daughter,
morphed those images through a program called
Iphigenia, before leaving for the Trojan War.
particleIllusion.” This software can process video
The gods, however, had ordered Agamemnon
images through various filters. In this case, the
to slay Iphigenia in return for calm seas and
video of the dancers was processed through a
strength in battle. Additionally, Apollo urged
filter that creates an electrical effect. These
Orestes to kill his mother.
21st-century furies are not gods, but represent
Wandering and tormented by “furies,” Orestes begs for a resolution. At the trilogy’s
20
become intellectually engaged in issues.
guilt or subconscious forces, something much more understandable to a contemporary viewer.
Because of the difficulty of making this ancient text relevant for current students, rewriting the script took much longer than the collaborators had planned. This left less time to develop the multimedia aspects of the production. According to Brown and Ferolo, “the amount of technology we planned for was much more than ultimately hit the stage. There was no space for it. No time to have it fully developed into the play.” For example, Brown and Ferolo wanted to use three-dimensional projections in the performance. They have since worked out the technical issues
The Oresteia Adapted from the work of Aeschylus by Sean Capistrant, Sarah Duncan, Lisa Huberman, Nicholas Myers, Lauren Rapciak, Allison Reinke,
and plan to go ahead and shoot a segment of the
Benjamin Scarbrough, and Jessica Veverka
play in 3-D to take to conferences and use as a
With
lab test. They hope to be able to integrate the technique into a future theatrical production. Another technique they wanted to use, but
Becki Arnold, Erich Keil, Doug Rosson, Jim Ferolo, and George H. Brown
had to abandon because of the cost of the required projectors, was to fill the whole stage and blanket the audience with video projections. “We wanted the projection to be wall to wall
Co-Directors George H. Brown and Jim Ferolo
and floor to ceiling. In the front row they
Scenic & Sound Designer
experienced the sense of being in the video—
Erich R. Keil
and we wanted that experience for everyone in the audience.” When they were planning for their 2007 production of The Adding Machine, which also
Costume Designer Jessi Veverka
combined theatre and multimedia, they had
Lighting Designer
hoped to use text messaging to send comments
Anna Bravova
about the play to the audience members’ cell phones. Since the technology to do this has
Hair/Makeup Designer
evolved in the past two years, they were able to
Riannah Pouncy
recycle the idea for The Oresteia. The messages
Puppet Designer
commented on the action taking place on the stage. Again, these messages helped force viewers
Dani Keil
to not get drawn into the illusion, but to consider
Dramaturg / Script Supervisor
the action in the context of their own lives. Appropriately, the final text message stated: “The play is over. The real world awaits.” Find out more about the many people who collaborated on The Oresteia, and how they
Doug Rosson
Stage Manager Michael C. Dutton
created special effects, in their online production journal at oresteia.bradley.edu.
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21
&
The image of New York’s World Trade Center
burning in September 2001 is a scene that will
be etched in countless people’s minds for the rest of their lives. Dr. Souhail Elhouar also recalls the scene; however, his thoughts have been channeled into fire research he hopes may one day help save lives. A Bradley University associate professor of civil engineering whose area of expertise is analysis and design of steel structures, Elhouar says, “Based on all of the investigations, the fire is what brought those buildings down. They were still intact after the airplanes’ impact, but the heat of the fires brought them down.” Elhouar says, “Fire makes steel soft. It makes it lose stiffness quickly so it becomes a very soft material that deforms extensively. You’ll see it buckle and deform in a fire.” An expert in computer simulation, computer programming, and developing software that can be used to solve civil engineering problems, especially in the structural engineering area, Elhouar partnered with civil engineering graduate student Brandon Diffenderfer to conduct research in 2006 after receiving a
background photo: Dr. souhail elhouar
duane zehr
Graduate Research Assistantship Program
22
Dr. Souhail Elhouar uses a part of a truss from the razed Robertson Memorial Field House to show his interest in structural steel research. Background: The remains of a textile plant in Sousse, Tunisia, illustrate how fire causes steel to deform.
Award. Their research simulates the behavior of steel structures under the effect of fire using a 2-D computer-based frame model in Excel. After this initial research was completed, Elhouar received a Caterpillar Fellowship to fund the 3-D fire simulation model’s development. “One of the things that struck me was that there was no real software that can be used now
&
By Danise Jones
by design engineers to simulate the behavior
make it stand longer so the fire department can
of structures when they are subjected to fire,”
have enough time to evacuate everybody.”
Elhouar states. “We have to wait until there is
Discussing his collaboration with Diffenderfer,
a fire, see how the structure behaves, and try to
Elhouar states research can be more valuable
explain it. I asked, could we develop software
when the professor and student work together.
that we can use as a tool after we design a
A student comes at it with a new approach,
building to simulate its likely behavior under
whereas a teacher’s knowledge can sometimes
some fire conditions?”
be restrictive. “Students have more freedom in
Research like his has not been done because
the way they think. Collaboration is a good way
“It’s a very complex problem and still has lots
for students to learn and faculty to improve. The
of unknowns, especially if you have an act that
beautiful thing about research is you venture into
is premeditated to do damage and is not an act
places where even the professor is learning. You
of nature. That is really why it’s research at
learn a lot and the student learns a lot. It is also
its infancy.”
one of the few opportunities for students to see
The complexity added momentum to Elhouar’s desire to conduct the research. “We said, ‘well
their professors in problem-solving action.” Elhouar says that Diffenderfer “was very
it’s about time to start.’ We may not have the
responsive and attacked a difficult problem.
exact answers right away, but even if we make
He addressed problems that were not specific
one step toward it, we’ll make a contribution.”
to civil engineering, but he was willing to learn.”
Through his simulation, Elhouar hopes
After completing his 3-D model, Elhouar
improvements and corrections can be made
hopes to prepare a funding proposal, hire
before structures are built. “After it’s designed,
additional students, and verify the models
they can run it through the simulator and check
at a place prepped for fire research.
what kind of hazards would be associated with
“If you think of the possibilities, it is just
a fire set here or there; how it might affect the
mindboggling.” The constant introduction of
structure and everything else. That knowledge
new construction materials and methods will
can improve the design and safety before it is
keep the research continuous.
built, instead of investigating what had happened after the fact and trying to figure it out.” His research will also help designers know
His goal for the future is that when some structures are designed they will be required to use software like he is developing, “especially
if a fire in any location will take a structure
structures that are very public in nature where
down and how long it will take before it falls.
the fire hazard can be extremely costly in life.”
“By knowing that information, we can consider changes we can make to the structure that will
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23
By Danise Jones
Fueling the future
Experts say “no silver bullet” exists for energy crisis facing US. Midwest Energy Solutions report heads to Congress.
Turn on the television, open the newspaper, or
these energy sources into our national energy
go online any day of the week and you’re bound
program,” Brad McMillan, IPL director, said.
to get inundated with news about the nation’s and world’s energy crisis. Eager to help the region play a critical role Brad McMillan Director of Institute for Principled Leadership
Ray LaHood US Secretary of Transportation
more dramatically affect the future prosperity and development in the United States than
in reshaping the national energy strategy, the
the supply of energy,” said Dr. John Engdahl,
Institute for Principled Leadership in Public
Bradley University Donald V. Fites Chair of
Service at Bradley University delved into this hot
Engineering and Technology, as he set the stage
issue at its Midwest Energy Solutions symposium
for the daylong event by providing background
on October 28, 2008. Held at the Peoria Civic
information on the energy crisis with fellow
Center, the conference included speakers
Bradley faculty member and Department of
representing the full gamut of alternative and
Economics Chair Dr. Robert Scott. Examining
renewable energy sources as well as leaders from
the energy issue is nothing new for Engdahl
varied organizations and the government, such
and Scott, who address the topic routinely in
as retired Illinois Congressman and current US
Economics and Technology of Energy, a class
Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood, a
offered in mechanical engineering and econom-
Bradley alumnus.
ics. They jointly teach the class, Scott said,
“The symposium brought together experts
“because we realize the importance of combining
who focused on Midwest energy sources and
business and public policy together with
emerging technologies that can help relieve
technological understanding.”
America’s reliance on foreign oil and looked
24
“I don’t think there is a single issue that will
Explaining how the energy crisis developed
at what specific public policy changes needed to
over time in this industrial nation is not difficult,
happen in the next Congress in order to advance
Scott said, as he related that population and
income growth affect usage. “Income drives
best in remote places that do not have many
consumption. Consumption drives energy use.”
high-powered lines. In Texas, he said, it cost
World energy demand is also increasing because
an estimated $4 million per mile to install the
of the growth of income in Brazil, India, Russia,
necessary power lines.
and China. McMillan stressed that the solution needs
Scott also commented that the United States has not built a new oil refinery in around 30
to be comprehensive. “There really is no silver
years. “We’ve had an interesting little race
bullet. It needs to be thoughtful. We need to
between demand for gasoline in the United States
look at a lot of different energy sources, our
and technology. Technology has actually been
own country’s energy sources, in order to
stretching the capacity of these refineries a few
reshape our national energy strategy.”
percent each year—year in and year out—to
LaHood also stressed the need for a comprehensive solution. “It’s not just drilling; that’s a
make it possible for us to keep pace with this.” Getting any new energy initiative passed in
piece of it. It’s not just biofuels; that’s a piece
Congress, however, will be a challenge, according
of it. It’s hydrogen. It’s electric. It’s nuclear. It’s
to LaHood. “Congress does two things very well:
wind. It’s solar. It’s cap and trade. Part of it has
nothing and overreacting. It’s absolutely the way
to be the automobile industries and the last
it works. It’s the way the founders wanted it to
part of it has to be us.”
work.” LaHood explained that it took 10 years and
Engdahl said that another problem the United States faces is the need to improve old infrastructure and develop new infrastructure.
a lot of hard work from many groups to get ethanol to be the renewable fuel of choice in the country. new president would have 18 months to tackle
Each form of energy requires a means to store
his most important three to five issues. Although
and deliver it where and when it’s needed.
one of the “big things” in LaHood’s mind was the
The total cost and efficiency of the system
energy crisis, the two others are tightly interwoven
must include both the cost of production and
with energy: the economy and the relationship of
the cost of the infrastructure for delivery, where
the United States with other countries.
Scott stressed, “The cost of doing these
Dr. Robert Scott Department of Economics Chair
During the event, LaHood stressed that the
“It’s going to mean a large infrastructure change.
cost refers to both financial and energy costs.”
Dr. John Engdahl Donald V. Fites Chair of Engineering and Technology
As a result of IPL’s conference, McMillan said, “The Institute is preparing a report to the
things is huge.” According to the professor,
National Science Foundation on the symposium’s
the cost of developing one natural gas pipeline
findings and recommendations that will make its
in Alaska is $50 billion. “We throw that word a
way to the 111th Congress as they look to map
billion around pretty loosely,” Scott said, “and
out a new comprehensive energy strategy for
that’s one natural gas pipeline. Imagine what we’d
our country.”
have to spend to upgrade a natural gas system to be able to do something that can double the production of natural gas. It will not be cheap.” Another popular alternative is wind, but it can also be a costly venture, Scott stated. The highpowered lines are not cheap to install and wind usually blows
Bradley Works 2009
25
A Tornado Watch. Katherine Liontas-Warren, Lawton, Oklahoma; pastel on paper.
Drawing inspiration Bradley International showcases eclectic work of 120 national and international artists By Danise Jones
Fruit, skulls, landscapes, birds, and individuals
Hartmann Center Art Gallery; the Peoria Art
are just a few of the varied subjects featured in
Guild; and the Contemporary Arts Center.
the 126 pieces in the 32nd Bradley International Print and Drawing Exhibition—the nation’s
Lynwood Kreneck, professor emeritus of art
second longest-running juried print and
at Texas Tech University.
drawing show.
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Serving as juror for this year’s exhibition is
Kreneck was assigned the enormous task of
Showcased in four venues, the biannual
narrowing the 1,700 original entries submitted
exhibition will run from March 6–April 17
by 600 national and international artists to the
at Bradley University’s Heuser Art Center and
final 126 works by 120 artists. Among the
selected artists are three Bradley alums:
before the juror. Such a format encourages
Jane Ryder—“Kink Back Falls”; James Ehlers—
the discovery of emerging artists—giving them
“Losing the Grasp of Chaos”; and Chris
the opportunity to show alongside more
Troutman—“Street Sounds.”
established ones.”
“As the juror for the 32nd Bradley exhibition,
In reference to the exhibition’s overall value,
I came to the entries with an open mind,”
Kreneck comments, “Hopefully, pieces in this
Kreneck says. “I made no formal attempt to
show will also provide some special insight for
categorize the nature of the show by theme. I worked with what was given me. I simply looked for what I felt to be outstanding works among those submitted by the artists. “In that respect, my taste is very broad,” he continues. “I appreciate many different aesthetic approaches and a wide variety of technical means for making art. Overall, I was impressed with the large number of entries I perceived as being well-conceived, well-executed, thoughtprovoking images. The exhibition I chose includes examples representing a variety of methods, materials, and artistic directions.” Elizabeth Kauffman, director of galleries, exhibitions, and collections at Bradley, agrees with Kreneck about the juror’s exhibition choices. “He really selected a wide range of materials—subject matter and content. There’s really not any one singular message in the show, which makes it very interesting.” Kreneck speaks highly of the Bradley International and BU. “Bradley University and those Art Department faculty and staff who work so hard to make the Bradley International Print and Drawing Exhibition a reality are to be commended. The shows have been a treasure of information and inspiration for their students and the community. Through the catalog and the Internet, the exhibition extends its influence to a much larger audience. I consider competitive shows to be the most democratic of exhibition opportunities. All may enter and all works go
La Trilogia Romanica: Un Diario Di Viaggio Con Le Alidel Suo Cuore. Teresa Pankratz, Chicago, Illinois; intaglio, laser. No Way Out. Art Werger, Athens, Ohio; etching. Bradley Works 2009
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the viewer, which will reflect the need, the drive,
its safety. He is the inventor of the ‘No Print’
or the joy of the artists in creating the art. That’s
process. This is an extension of Kreneck’s
the reason artists get up in the morning and why
innovations in water-based screenprinting.
you will find them in their studios well into
He has been working with health and
the night.”
environmental issues for printmaking for
Kauffman adds that participation in the exhibition is special for visitors because “it captures a moment in time of contemporary
much of his career, putting him way ahead of the curve in this regard.” Kreneck, a printmaking professor at Texas
printmaking. All of the work is from the last
Tech for almost 40 years, was the founding
three years or newer, so it’s very current. They’re
curator of the exhibition series Colorprint
able to come to one exhibit and see this wide
USA, which has exhibited a “Who’s Who” of
array, and see what’s going on in printmaking
printmaking since it began in the late 1960s.
right now. They will be exposed to artists they
Kreneck’s career includes more than 150 national
may not see in any other way.”
and international exhibitions, and his works are
Not only does selection into this exhibition
in many private and public collections, including
enhance artists’ resumes, it also enables them
the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Royal
to compare their work to other printmakers,
Museum of Art, Antwerp, and the Stedelijke
comments Kauffman. “They see how they
Musea, Belgium.
match up to other artists across the country
Kreneck earned his bachelor of fine arts and
and internationally; and they see their artwork
master of fine arts from The University of Texas
paired up with other artwork that they might not
at Austin.
see in any other place or other context. I think
“We are lucky to have a juror of this magni-
you look at your own artwork differently
tude for this year’s Bradley International Print
when it’s in different places.”
and Drawing Exhibition,” says Gillespie.
Kauffman states, “Art students really get to see what professionals in their field are doing right now. It gives them an opportunity to compare the artwork they’re making in their classes to what’s going on with professionals in the art world.” Bradley’s resident printmaker Oscar Gillespie says, “I chose Kreneck as this year’s juror because of his high stature and reputation as a printmaker, educator, and curator/organizer of printmaking exhibitions. I also chose him lynwood kreneck
because he is a wonderful speaker on the history and issues surrounding prints. His public speaking has the flavor of the best Southern storytelling tradition.” Gillespie also says, “Kreneck was instrumental in the development of water-based screenprint inks and methods, which have revolutionized screenprinting by artists and greatly enhanced
Lynwood Kreneck, Texas Tech University professor emeritus of art, served as the juror for the 32nd Bradley International Print and Drawing Exhibition.
Street Sounds. Christopher Troutman, Richmond, Kentucky; charcoal on paper. Troutman graduated from Bradley in 2003. Bradley Works 2009
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In Print Private lives, public history New poems by the Illinois Poet Laureate Stein, Kevin, Caterpillar Professor of English. Sufficiency of the Actual. Champaign, IL: University
of Illinois Press, 2009. In Sufficiency of the Actual, Illinois Poet Laureate Kevin Stein’s poems cover the intersection of private lives and larger public history. The poems range from formal to experimental, from improvisational to narrative, and from silly to forlorn. They muse on the Slinky and atomic bomb and reflect on night-shift factory work and President Eisenhower’s golf caddy. Ultimately, they showcase American characters seeking balance in their world. “Many of Kevin Stein’s poems hinge personal to social history, opening the private to the public and examining what connects and disconnects us. It’s as if he wants to reside where the self meets the group, and discover there some sense of responsibility, of causal involvement with the world. He uses the focused moment of poetry to show how one life can speak to the condition of a country and asks that we look critically at our involvement in the society we have made. This is a compelling and large-minded book.” —Bob Hicok, poet and associate professor of English, Virginia Tech
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Had I freed the one-legged cricket twitching in the roses’ spider-webbed twilight, I’d become Patron Saint of One-Legged Crickets Twitching in Spider-Webbed Twilight. I’d be Saint of Cracked Song, Patron of the Incomplete and Longing. But then, saintly though I might be, the spider goes hungry.
Then he undid the undoing, cobbling five guitars into one he dubbed “Frankenstein,” whose name my friend Frank and I shared with it and, well, with Wollstonecraft’s romantic sci-fi tragic victim hero. Together, we made a creature the smarty pants party drunks called “Frank-and-Stein” from the keg-drenched kitchen.
Anyway, there’s already a multitude, patrons of the broken web, unrisen bread, lost keys—so many, this book says, their duties overlap, say, Patron Saint of Fractions. (See Incomplete and Longing.) That’s who The Who prayed to, trashing instruments as “Pop Art Auto Destruction,” this, Pete Townsend’s phrase,
Aren’t we all cobbled of pieces, glued and screwed and strung together, ready to snap? Are we instruments some huge hand plucks? Are we the roses or a cricket’s cracked song? And redemption?—in the end Entwistle’s estate auctioned “Frankenstein” for a cool $100,000.
his name a line and demarcation. The young like to break things, even themselves. The young like a summer drum you put your foot through: thump worship. John Entwistle, The Who’s bassist, stored all his parts in a wooden coffin box, until middle-age donned its knee-high socks.
Frank did ten years in the county orphanage. (See Incomplete and Longing.) His mother remarried a furnace whose pilot wouldn’t stay lit. You’ve heard about the stutterer who falling from a ladder is cured of his affliction but made suddenly blind. What he no longer sees he sings about instead.
duane zehr
Sufficiency of the Actual
Accounting Fink, R., J. Gillett, and A.J. Saatkamp. “Secret Treasurer.” Industrial Engineer 40, no. 7 (2008): 40–44. Kerr, Stephen. “Preparing for Carbon Credits.” Management 82, no. 7 (November 2008): 37–39.
———. “Accounting Policy and Carbon Credits.” Journal of Applied Business Research 8, no. 8 (August 2008): 77–88. ———. “Responsible Accounting for St. Jaochim’s.” Journal of Business Case Studies 4, no. 11 (November 2008): 35–47. ———. “Service Science and Accounting.” Journal of Service Science 1, no. 2 (November 2008): 17–26. Petravick, Gail, and Simon Petravick. “Identity Theft: Current Trends in Litigation and Risk Management.” The Practical Lawyer 54, no. 4 (August 2008): 53–61. Petravick, Simon. “Understanding Litigation Risks Associated with Identity Theft.” The CPA Journal 78, no. 10 (October 2008): 66.
Art Brammeier, Heather. 61st Juried Exhibition, group exhibition. Sioux City Art Center, Sioux City, IA (December 13, 2008–February 15, 2009).
———. Annual Members’ Show, juried exhibition. Woman Made Gallery, Chicago, IL (August 1–28, 2008). ———. Fluidity, solo exhibition. Clara M. Eagle Gallery, Murray State University, Murray, KY (August 22–September 28, 2008). ———. In Between, Around, and Beyond, solo exhibition. Atrium Gallery, LaGuardia Community College, Long Island City, NY (August 5–September 30, 2008). ———. It’s Gouache and Gouache Only, group exhibition. Curated by Geoffrey Young at Jeff Bailey Gallery, New York, NY (February 15–March 15, 2008).
———. Re.action, juried group exhibition. AnnMarie Garden Sculpture Park and Arts Center, Solomons, MD (May–August 2008). Carlson, Randall. Southern Illinois Artists Open Competition and Exhibit, juried exhibition. Cedarhurst Center for the Arts, Mount Vernon, IL (August–October 2008). Gillespie, Oscar. Artspace National Photography and Printmaking 2008 Exhibition, juried group exhibition. Artspace Gallery, Richmond, VA (2008).
———. Tenth Anniversary Odyssey Sculpture Show, curated exhibition. Purdue North Central University, Westville, IN (October 2008–October 2009).
Biology Cheng, X., M.E. McAsey, M. Li, S. Randall, C. Cady, B.P. Nathan, and R.G. Struble. “Estradiol Replacement Increases the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Related Protein (LRP) in the Mouse Brain.” Neuroscience Letters 417, no. 1 (2007): 50–54.
———. Hardwired for Pattern Portfolio Exhibition, juried group exhibition. Southern Graphics Council Conference, Richmond, VA (2008). ———. Varied Voices Portfolio Exhibition, curated group exhibition. Werby Gallery, California State University, Long Beach, CA (2008). ———. Vitamin I Portfolio Exhibition, curated group exhibition. Southern Graphics Council Conference, Richmond, VA (2008). Krainak, Paul. “Essay” in On the Margins. St. Louis: Washington University Press, 2008.
———. “Render Unto Cedars” in Pittsburgh Center for the Arts Artist of the Year Susanne Slavick, solo exhibition catalog. Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh Center for the Arts, 2008. ———. “Essay” in Carmon Colangelo: Big Bang to Big Melt, solo exhibition catalog. St. Louis, MO: Bruno David Gallery, 2008. Rowe, Robert, Gary Will, and Harold Linton. Graphic Design Portfolio Strategies for Print and Digital Media. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2009. See page 37. Stolz, Fisher. Renew, React, curated exhibition. Krasl Art Center, St. Joseph, MI (August 2008–August 2009).
Brammeier, Heather. Through, View, and Nest. Oil on canvas
Dermody, Orla, Stephen P. Long, Kelly McConnaughay, and Evan H. DeLucia. “How Do Elevated CO2 and O3 Affect the Interception and Utilization of Radiation by a Soybean Canopy? Global Change Biology 14, no. 3 (2008): 556–564. Edgcomb, M., S.L. Britner, K. McConnaughay, and R. Wolffe. “Science 101: An Integrated, InquiryOriented Science Course for Education Majors.” Journal of College Science Teaching 38, no. 1 (2008): 22–27.
McIntosh, D., M. Cunningham, B. Ji, F.A. Fekete, E.M. Parry, S.E. Clark, Z.B. Zalinger, I.C. Gilg, G.R. Danner, K.A. Johnson, M. Beattie, and R. Ritchie. “Transferable, Multiple Antibiotic and Mercury Resistance in Atlantic Canadian
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In Print Isolates of Aeromonas Salmonicida Subsp. Salmonicida Is Associated with Carriage of an IncA/C Plasmid Similar to the Salmonella Enterica Plasmid pSN254.” Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 61, no. 6: 1221–1228. Stabenau, E.K., A. Sasser, and C. Schulte. “The Effects of Pyrene Exposure on Exercise Performance, Muscle Contraction, and Mitochondrial O2 Consumption in the Leopard Frog (rana pipiens).” Journal of Environmental Science and Health—Part A Toxic/ Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering 43, no. 6 (2008): 576–583.
Struble, R.G., B.P. Nathan, C. Cady, X. Cheng, and M. McAsey. “Estradiol Regulation of Astroglia and Apolipoprotein E: An Important Role in Neuronal Regeneration.” Experimental Gerontology 42, no. 1–2 (2007): 54–63.
Business Management and Administration Fink, R., J. Gillett, and A.J. Saatkamp. “Secret Treasurer.” Industrial Engineer 40, no. 7 (2008): 40–44.
Marcum, Tanya, and Elizabeth A. Campbell. “Peer Review in Employment Disputes: An Employee Right or an Employee Wrong?” Journal of Workplace Rights 13, no. 1 (2008): 41–58. McGowan, M.K., P. Stephens, C. Stoner, and J. Robin. “Unintended Consequences: IT’s Disruption of Work-Life Balance.” Issues in Information Systems 8, no. 1 (2007): 179–184. Perry, Sandra, J.D., and Tanya M. Marcum, J.D. “Liability for School Sexual Harassment Under Title IX: How the Courts are Failing Our Children.” University of La Verne Law Review 30 (November 2008).
Chemistry and Biochemistry Andersh, B., J. Gereg, M. Amanuel, and C. Stanley. “Preparation of 5-aryl-3oxo-δ-lactones by the Potassium Carbonate-Promoted Condensation of Aromatic Aldehydes and Ethyl Acetoacetate in Ethanol.” Synthetic Communications 38, no. 4 (2008): 482–488. Andersh, B., K.N. Kilby, M.E. Turnis, and D.L. Murphy. “Regioselectivity in Organic Synthesis: Preparation of the Bromohydrin of α-methylstyrene.” Journal of Chemical Education 85, no. 1 (2008): 102–103.
Bush, B., J.H. Craig Jr., K.R. Roos, J. Lozano, and K.W. Field. “UPS of Multilayer Nitrogen-Bearing Compounds on the Si(100) Surface.” Surface and Interface Analysis 40, no. 5 (March 5, 2008): 927–930. Cobley, C.M., D.J. Campbell, and Y. Xia. “Tailoring the Optical and Catalytic Properties of Gold-Silver Nanoboxes and Nanocages by Introducing Palladium.” Advanced Materials 20, no. 4 (2008): 748–752. Formo, E., E. Lee, D. Campbell, and Y. Xia. “Functionalization of Electrospun TiO2 Nanofibers with PT Nanoparticles and Nanowires for Catalytic Applications.” Nano Letters 8, no. 2 (2008): 668–672. Lewis Liu, Z., J. Moon, B.J. Andersh, P.J. Slininger, and S. Weber. “Multiple Gene-Mediated NAD(P)H-Dependent Aldehyde Reduction is a Mechanism of in situ Detoxification of Furfural and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae.” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (2008): 743–753. Schnupf, Udo, Julious L. Willett, Wayne B. Bosma, and Frank A. Momany. “DFT Conformational Studies of α-Maltotriose.” Journal of Computational Chemistry 29, no. 7 (2008): 1103–1112.
Fuller, Robert C., Caterpillar Professor of Religious Studies. Spirituality in the Flesh: Bodily Sources of Religious Experience. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2008. In Spirituality in the Flesh, Robert C. Fuller discusses how studying the body and DNA can help answer even the deepest spiritual questions. While using the latest biological research to highlight religious beliefs and practices, Fuller examines topics such as apocalypticism, nature religion, Native American Peyotism, and the sexual experimentalism of 19th-century communal societies. In each of these cases, he seeks the middle road between discussions from both scientists and humanists. By joining together his expertise of religious phenomena and the “unprecedented understanding of bodily states,” Fuller explores the biological study of religion. Through scientific observations, historical allusions, and literary references, the book offers a glimpse at the biology of religion and opens up a whole new world of looking at and understanding human religion. Dean Hamer, molecular biologist and author of the God Gene: How Faith is Hardwired into Our Genes, wrote, “This is a detailed, yet fast-moving exploration of what science can, and cannot, tell us about the role of biology in spirituality. Ironically, even as Americans are becoming increasingly religious, scientists are discovering more and more about the brain systems and genes that underlie our beliefs. The strength of this book is that it will be equally appealing to devout believers and atheists alike.”
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Civil Engineering and Construction Frenkel, V.S., G. Cummings, D.E. Scannell, W.Z. Tang, and K.Y. Maillacheruvu. “Food-Processing Wastes.” Water Environment Research 80, no. 10 (2008): 1458–1480. Hindi, R., and W. Turechek. “Experimental Behavior of Circular Concrete Columns Under Reversed Cyclic Loading.” Construction and Building Materials 22, no. 4 (2008): 684–693.
McAvoy, Deborah S., Kerrie Lynn Schattler, and Tapan K. Datta. “Driving Simulator Validation for Nighttime Construction Work Zone Devices.” Transportation Research Record: Journal for the Transportation Research Board No. 2015 (2007): 55–63. Maillacheruvu, K., and O. Fayyaz. “Removal of Heavy Metals from Synthetic Leachate Using a Biologically Generated Electric Field.” Journal of Environmental Science and Health—Part A Toxic/ Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering 42, no. 2 (2007): 205–215.
Nehdi, M., H. El Chabib, and A. Aly Saïd. “Proposed Shear Design Equations for FRP-Reinforced Concrete Beams Based on Genetic Algorithms Approach.” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 19, no. 12 (2007): 1033–1042. Omeman, Z., M. Nehdi, and H. El-Chabib. “Experimental Study on Shear Behavior of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforced Concrete Short Beams without Web Reinforcement.” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, no. 1 (2008): 1–10. Schattler, Kerrie Lynn, Joseph G. Wakim, Tapan K. Datta, and Deborah S. McAvoy. “Evaluation of Pedestrian and Driver Behaviors at Countdown Pedestrian Signals in Peoria, Illinois.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board No. 2002 (2007): 98–106.
Lurking at the edges of our imagination, in the darkened corners of our childish nightmares and in the shadowy forests that border our towns and villages, the figure of the werewolf in popular culture still conjures up frightening images of violence and bestiality. —from the Introduction Sconduto, Leslie A., associate professor of French. Metamorphoses of the Werewolf: A Literary Study from Antiquity through the Renaissance. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, 2008. In Metamorphoses of the Werewolf: A Literary Study from Antiquity through the Renaissance, Leslie A. Sconduto looks at the mythical werewolf from a literaryhistorical perspective. Known for its full moon transformation, the werewolf also changed in the narrative sense—“from bloodthirsty creature to hero.” Taking the reader through history, Sconduto explores the werewolf beginning with The Epic of Gilgamesh, Ovid’s Metamorphoses, and an account in Petronius’ Satyricon. Through her look at these books, she explores the image of the werewolf as a “savage beast.” Sconduto also examines the Catholic Church’s response to the popular belief in werewolves and medieval literature’s sympathetic depiction of the creature as a victim. These topics support the idea of this complex and varied cultural symbol.
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In Print Communication Banning, S.A., and M. Schoen. “Maximizing Public Relations with the Organization-Public Relationship Scale: Measuring a Public’s Perception of an Art Museum.” Public Relations Review 33, no. 4 (2007): 437–439. Bashri, Maha. The Opinion and Other Opinion: Al-Jazeera’s Agenda Setting Function in the Arab Islamic World. Germany: VDM Publishing House Ltd., 2008.
Broadfoot, K.J., D. Carlone, C.E. Medved, M. Aakhus, E. Gabor, and K. Taylor. “Meaningful Work and Organizational Communication: Questioning Boundaries, Positionalities and Engagements.” Management Communication Quarterly 22 (2008): 152–161. Golan, G.J., and S.A. Banning. “Exploring a Link Between the Third-Person Effect and the Theory of Reasoned Action: Beneficial Ads and Social Expectations.” American Behavioral Scientist 52, no. 2 (2008): 208–224. Golan, G.J., S.A. Banning, and L. Lundy. “Likelihood to Vote, Candidate Choice, and the Third-Person Effect: Behavioral Implications of Political Advertising in the 2004 Presidential Election.” American Behavioral Scientist 52, no. 2 (2008): 278–290. Gullifor, Paul, and Michael Thurwanger. “Localism and All Sports Radio.” Journal of Radio and Audio Media 15, no. 2 (2008): 209–215. Lennie, Dave, editor. Stand by Rascal Flatts. Music video aired on St. Jude Telethon (August 2008). Young, M.L. “A Handbook on Bears.” Qualitative Inquiry 14, no. 6 (2008): 999–1009.
———. “Death Comes.” Qualitative Inquiry 14, no. 6 (2008): 990–998. ———. “Petit Narratives.” Qualitative Inquiry 14, no. 6 (2008): 1010–1018.
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Cantu, D. Antonio, professor of education, and Wilson J. Warren, editors. History Education 101: The Past, Present, and Future of Teacher Preparation. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing, Inc., 2008. In History Education 101: The Past, Present, and Future of Teacher Preparation, the authors define the importance of history teacher preparation. Professional historians are increasingly committed to improving the teaching of history at the K–12 level through many forms of collaboration. This interest has increased significantly during the past two decades, particularly since the controversy over the publication of the National Standards for History. Historians and teacher educators nationwide are now engaged in discussions about the importance of history teacher preparation. This attention is evident not only in the historical profession’s various publications, but also in the federal government’s multimillion dollar Teaching American History program and the No Child Left Behind Act. The 13 essays in this collection, written by tenured faculty who teach methods courses in teaching history, are organized into three sections: context, practice, and new directions. They discuss how history education has, is, and will be taught to new K–12 teachers throughout the United States. This book provides important insights for academics in history and education departments as well as other individuals who are concerned with the status and improvement of history teaching in the schools, particularly current and future elementary and secondary teachers and administrators.
Computer Science and Information Systems Dolins, S.B., R. Condit, H.C. Su, and S. Lao. “Can AI Techniques Be Applied to Forest Science Data Integration Problems? AAAI Technical Report SS-08-05, (2008): 21–23.
Tong-Queue Lee, Young Park, and YoungTae Park. “A Time-Based Approach to Effective Recommender Systems Using Implicit Feedback.” Expert Systems with Applications 34, no. 4 (2008): 3055–3062. ———. “A Similarity Measure for Collaborative Filtering with Implicit Feedback.” Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4682 (2007): 385–397. ———. “An Empirical Study on Effectiveness of Temporal Information as Implicit Ratings.” Expert Systems With Applications 36, no. 2, part 1 (2009): 1315–1321.
Uskov, Alexander, Alexander Ivannikov, and Vladimir Uskov. “Information Security Technologies for Corporate Educational Networks.” Educational Technology and Society 11, no. 1 (January 2008): 472–479. Uskov, Alexander, Alexander Ivannikov, and Vladimir Uskov. “Streaming Technology Applications in Online Education.” Educational Technology and Society 11, no. 1 (January 2008): 449–462. Uskov, Vladimir, and Alexander Uskov. “Modern Technology-Based Education: Instructor’s Profile.” International Journal of Advanced Technology for Learning 4, no. 3 (October 2007): 118–125.
———. “Web-Based Education: Strategic Issues for 2008–2015.” International Journal of Advanced Technology for Learning 5, no. 1 (March 2008): 1–11.
Economics Bodvarsson, Ö.B., H.F. Van den Berg, and J.J. Lewer. “Measuring Immigration’s Effects on Labor Demand: A Reexamination of the Mariel Boatlift.” Labour Economics 15, no. 4 (2008): 560–574. Gretz, Richard T., Jannett Highfill, and Robert C. Scott. “Strategic Research and Development Policy: Societal Objectives and the Corporate Welfare Argument.” Contemporary Economic Policy 27, no. 1 (2009): 28–45. Highfill, J. “The Global Economy Journal as the Editor Sees It—or Hints for Contributors.” Global Economy Journal 8, no. 2 (2008). Highfill, J., and M. McAsey. “The Consumer’s Micro-Micro Gasoline Buying Decision.” International Advances in Economic Research 13, no. 4 (2007): 433–442. Highfill, J., and K. O’Brien. “Bidding and Prices for Online Art Auctions: Sofa Art or Investment.” Journal of Cultural Economics 31, no. 4 (2007): 279–292.
———. “Do Price Guides Guide eBay Prices: The Market for Individual Baseball Cards.” American Economist 52, no. 1 (Spring 2008): 58(8). Lewer, Joshua J., and Hendrik Van den Berg. “A Gravity Model of Immigration.” Economics Letters 99, no. 1 (April 2008): 164–167. Lewer, Joshua, R. Nicholas Gerlich, and Doyle Lucas. “The Impact of Christian Education and Curriculum on Illegal Media File Sharing Attitudes and Behavior.” Christian Business Academy Review 3, no. 1 (2008): 70–79. Lewer, Joshua, R. Nicholas Gerlich, and Nancy Turner. “The Ethics and Economics of File Sharing.” Southwestern Economic Review 35, no. 1 (2008): 67–78. Lewer, Joshua, and R. Nicholas Gerlich. “Determinants of Illegal File Sharing: Model and Test.” Journal of Academy of Business and Economics 7, no. 3 (2007): 137–149.
Educational Leadership and Human Development Graves, J., L. Scroggs, and N. Collins. “They Played in Peoria: The AAGPBL Redwings.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 101, no. 1 (Spring 2008): 7–21. Pacha, J., L. Morford, J.S. Tripses, J. Crawford, J. Grivetti, and J. Murphy. “A Gap Analysis of Principal Preparation Programs in Illinois: Viewpoints of Superintendents, Principals, and Teachers.” In Leadership on the Frontlines: Changes in Preparation and Practice. 2008 Yearbook of the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration. Edited by R. Papa, C. Achilles, & B. Alford, 137–144. Lancaster, PA: Pro>Active Publications, 2008. Risen, D.M., and J.S. Tripses. “Designing Principal Preparation Internships to Strengthen School Leadership.” AASA Journal of Scholarship and Practice 5, no. 3 (2008): 4–10.
Risen, D. Michael. “Public School Finance Assessment Project Aligned with ELCC Standards.” Connexions. May 21, 2008. http://cnx.org/content/m16293/1.1. Risen, D. Michael. “School Culture Assessment Aligned with ELCC Standards.” Connexions. July 2, 2008. http://cnx.org/content/m17183/1.1. Russell-Chapin, L., and D. Smith. Telling Your Grief Story: Personal Growth through Expressions of Love, DVD. Hanover, MA: Microtraining Associates, 2008. Rybak, C.J., N. Poonawalla, M. Deuskar, and R. Bapat. “Experiential Learning Workshop for Indian Students.” Journal for Humanistic Counseling, Education, and Development 46 (2007) 183–196. Tripses, J. “Professional Growth Plans Based on ELCC Standards.” Connexions. June 27, 2008. http://cnx.org/content/ m17114/1.1. Tripses, J., and M. Risen. “Collaboration of a Framework to Teach Social Justice.” NCPEA Education Leadership Review 8, no. 1 (2007): 20–29.
Etaugh, Claire, professor of psychology, and Judith S. Bridges. Women’s Lives: A Psychological Exploration, 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon, 2009. Women’s Lives: A Psychological Exploration draws on a wealth of literature to present a rich range of experiences and issues of relevance to girls and women. This second edition offers the unique combination of a chronological approach to gender that is embedded within topical chapters. Cutting edge and comprehensive, each chapter integrates current material on women differing in age, ethnicity, social class, nationality, sexual orientation, and ableness. Engaging writing, student activities, and critical thinking exercises enhance the textbook’s empirical focus. An expanded list of Web sites and current books at the end of each chapter provides students with resources for additional study and research. Extensive use of vignettes and quotes from women help students personally connect with the material. Women’s Lives is the only textbook on the psychology of women that embeds a chronological approach within each topical chapter. Coverage reflects current scientific and social developments of the new millennium, including more than 2,700 current references from 2000 to the present.
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In Print Tripses, J., and D. Rutledge. “At the Tipping Point: Principal Preparation Internships through District and University Collaborations.” At the Tipping Point: Navigating the Course for the Preparation of Educational Administrators. Edited by Linda K. Lemasters and Rosemary Papa, Lancaster, PA: Pro>Active Publications, 2007.
Family and Consumer Sciences
Tripses, J., and L. Searby. “Developing a Case for Intentional Protégé Preparation in Educational Leadership Programs.” NCPEA Education Leadership Review 9, no. 2 (2008): 175–184.
Coyle, Michelle, Michelle Fontana, Alaina Knaak, Rachael Lynch, Maria-Kanella Zannis, Nina Collins, and Kevin Randall. “Evaluation of Waterless Cookware on an Induction Cooktop.” Undergraduate Research Journal for the Human Sciences 7 (Fall 2008), http://www.kon.org/urc/v7/ coyle.html.
English Glassmeyer, Danielle. “Tom Dooley and the Cold War American Revision of ‘Indochina’.” Sinographies: Writing China, eds. Eric Hayot, Haun Saussy, and Steven G. Yao (2008): 161–193. Stein, Kevin. Sufficiency of the Actual. Urbana and Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press (2009). See page 30.
Cloyd, Brooke N., Nina Collins, and G. Kevin Randall. “Food Portion Sizes Consumed by College Students.” Undergraduate Research Journal for the Human Sciences 7 (Fall 2008), http://www.kon.org/urc/v7/cloyd.html.
Graves, J., L. Scroggs, and N. Collins. “They Played in Peoria: The AAGPBL Redwings.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 101, no. 1 (Spring 2008): 7–21. Randall, G., D. Mitstifer, K. Brandes, and N. Collins. “Personal Ethics in the FCS Classroom: A Tool for Educators and Students.” Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences 99 (4): 48–51.
Spoth, T., G. Randall, and C. Shin. “Increasing School Success Through Partnership-Based Family Competency Training: Experimental Study of LongTerm Outcomes.” School Psychology Quarterly 23, no. 1 (2008): 70–89. Spoth, T., G. Randall, L. Trudeau, C. Shin, and C. Redmond. “Substance Use Outcomes 5.5 Years Past Baseline for Partnership-Based, Family-School Preventative Interventions.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence 96 (2008): 57–68. Trudeau, L., R. Spoth, G. Randall, and K. Azevedo. “Longitudinal Effects of a Universal Family-Focused Intervention on Growth Patterns of Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms and Polysubstance Use: Gender Comparisons.” Journal of Youth and Adolescence 36 (2007): 725–740.
Foreign Languages Hertich, Alexander. “Philosophes et/ou Voyous? The Case of Queneau and Descartes.” Dalhousie French Studies 79 (Summer 2007): 71–82. Portocarrero, Melvy. “Una Nueva Interpretación a la Vision Tradicional de la Malinche.” Encuentros de Viejos y Nuevos Mundos: Reivindicaciones y Proyecciones en la Literatura Hispánica (March 2007).
Lamoureux, Edward Lee, associate professor of multimedia, Steve Baron, J.D., and Claire Stewart. Intellectual Property Law and Interactive Media: Free for a Fee. New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishers, 2009. With the digitization of intellectual property, those who are traditional owners of content rights, those who create new media, and those who consume new media face new legal challenges due to the ease and speed with which it can be copied, transmitted, and globally shared. The authors provide a comprehensive overview of the complex legal landscape surrounding new media and intellectual property rights. They present the legal case histories, theoretical backgrounds, and legislative developments in intellectual property law. This text provides an examination of copyrights, patents, trademarks, trade secrets, and personal torts (rights of publicity, defamation, privacy) in the U.S., international, and virtual contexts. The authors maintain an interactive online blog, freeforafee.com, providing links to materials that provide interesting, relevant, and timely connections to the many challenges and changes across the rapidly shifting new media intellectual property law landscape. Written for traditional students rather than law students, the textbook Intellectual Property Law and Interactive Media: Free for a Fee is suitable for courses focusing on intellectual property in multimedia/new media or as a supplement for media law courses.
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Sconduto, Leslie A. “Bringing French Culture/Civilization to Life in the Classroom.” The French Review 81, no. 4 (March 2008): 670, 720–732. Sconduto, Leslie A. Metamorphoses of the Werewolf: A Literary Study from Antiquity through the Renaissance. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company Inc., 2008. See page 33.
History Smith, Susan N. “The Accidental Museum: Expropriating and Appropriating the Past.” The Russian Review 67, no. 3 (2008): 438–453. Williams, John, ed. Berlin Since the Wall’s End: Shaping Society and Memory in the German Metropolis since 1989. Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008. See page 39.
Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering & Technology Feng, C.X.J., Z.G.S. Yu, J.T. Emanuel, P.G. Li, X.Y. Shao, and Z.H. Wang. “Threefold Versus Fivefold Cross-Validation and Individual Versus Average Data in Predictive Regression Modelling of Machining Experimental Data.”
International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing 21, no. 6 (2008): 702–714.
Spires, T. “Collection Development ‘Soccer’: The beautiful game.” Library Journal 133, no. 12 (2008): 39–42.
Kulahci, M., D.C. Montgomery, and J. Feng, issue eds. “Editorial.” International Journal of Production Research 45, no. 23 (2007): 5453–5454.
Spires, Todd. “Handheld Librarians: A Survey of Librarian and Library Patron Use of Wireless Handheld Devices.” Internet Reference Services Quarterly 13, no. 4 (2008): 287–309.
Wang, Z., X. Shao, G. Zhang, and C. Feng. “Configuration Performance Prediction of Module-Based Product Family Based on Rough Set and Neural Network.” Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao/ Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 43, no. 5 (2007): 85–90.
Library Science Burhans, Skip, J.B. Hill, and Todd Spires. “Virtual Worlds, Virtual Students: Instructional Possibilities in Second Life.” Virtual Worlds, Real Libraries: Librarians and Educators in Second Life and Other Multi-User Virtual Environments. Edited by Lori Bell and Rhonda B. Trueman. Medford, NJ: Information Today, Inc., 2008. Chen, Xiaotian, and Stephen Wynn. “E-Journal Cataloging in an Age of Alternatives.” Serials Librarian 57, no. 1 (2009).
Spires, Todd. “Handheld Serials: How Wireless Device Technologies Impact Electronic Journal Publishing.” Serials Librarian 53, no. 4 (2008): 141–153.
Marketing Bond III, E.U., M.B. Houston, and Y.(E). Tang. “Establishing a High-Technology Knowledge Transfer Network: The Practical and Symbolic Roles of Identification.” Industrial Marketing Management 37, no. 6 (2008): 641–652.
Eastman, Kevin L., Jacqueline K. Eastman, and Rajesh Iyer. “Academic Dishonesty: An Exploratory Study Examining Whether Insurance Students Are Different from Other College Students.” Risk Management and Insurance Review 11, no. 1 (2008): 209–226.
Rowe, Robert, professor of art, Gary Will, associate professor of art, and Harold Linton. Graphic Design Portfolio Strategies for Print and Digital Media. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2009. A textbook on how to create a unique and effective professional portfolio, Graphic Design Portfolio Strategies for Print and Digital Media focuses on concerns of students completing a four-year college program in design. It can be used not only as a textbook for portfolio courses, but also as a valuable reference for a designer developing a new portfolio or wanting to improve an existing one. This book demonstrates how to develop a portfolio for today’s competitive print and interactive design fields by presenting a sequence of manageable steps for students to follow. It also presents a series of questions, answers to which will help the student make informed decisions for that person’s individual portfolio. Topics include binding methods, photographing work, and deciding on the most appropriate design of a portfolio Web site. Graphic Design Portfolio Strategies is a useful sourcebook for students creating a portfolio for graduate school applications, grants, scholarships, employment opportunities, and fellowships. Examples of successful design student portfolios illustrate the concepts presented, and tips and insights from top professionals in the field enrich the content.
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In Print Fraedrich, J., and R. Iyer. “Retailers’ Major Ethical Decision Making Constructs.” Journal of Business Research 61, no. 8 (2008): 834–841.
Szeto, G., and L. Xue. “On Galois Algebras Satisfying the Fundamental Theorem.” Communications in Algebra 35, no. 12 (2007): 3979–3985.
Iyer, R., and J.A. Muncy. “Purpose and Object of Anti-Consumption.” Journal of Business Research. (Published online March 2008): DOI:10.1016/j.jbusres. 2008.01.023.
Szeto, George, and Larry Xue. “On a Composition of Galois Extensions.” International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 39, no. 4 (2007): 527–534.
———. “Service Recovery in Marketing Education: It’s What We Do that Counts.” Journal of Marketing Education 30, no. 1 (2008): 21–32. Reisenwitz, T., and R. Iyer. “A Comparison of Younger and Older Baby Boomers: Investigating the Viability of Cohort Segmentation.” Journal of Consumer Marketing 24, no. 4 (2007): 202–213. Reisenwitz, T., R. Iyer, D.B. Kuhlmeier, and J.K. Eastman. “The Elderly’s Internet Usage: An Updated Look.” Journal of Consumer Marketing 24, no. 7 (2007): 406–418.
Mathematics Abbas, M., and G. Jungck. “Common Fixed Point Results for Noncommuting Mappings without Continuity in Cone Metric Spaces.” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 341, no. 1 (2008): 416–420. Highfill, J., and M. McAsey. “The Consumer’s Micro-Micro Gasoline Buying Decision.” International Advances in Economic Research 13, no. 4 (2007): 433–442. Jungck, G., and N. Hussain. “Compatible Maps and Invariant Approximations.” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 325, no. 2 (2007): 1003– 1012. Lang, M.S., and P.M. Terwilliger. “AlmostBipartite Distance-Regular Graphs with the Q-Polynomial Property.” European Journal of Combinatorics 28, no. 1 (2007): 258–265. Sterling, Mary Jane. Business Math for Dummies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2008. See page 40.
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Szeto, George, and Lianyong Xue. “On Galois Extensions of a Separable Algebra.” International Mathematical Forum 3, no. 14 (2008): 677–683. Xiaolong, Jiang, George Szeto, and Larry Xue. “On Galois Algebras with a Unique Galois Group.” International Journal of Mathematical Sciences 6, no. 2 (2007): 139–147. Xue, Larry. “A Lifting Property of Split Exact Sequences of Bimodules Over a Separate Ring Extension.” JP Journal of Algebra and Number Theory 10, no. 2 (2008): 247–253.
Mechanical Engineering Fakheri, Ahmad. “Efficiency and Effectiveness of Heat Exchanger Series.” Journal of Heat Transfer 130, no. 8 (Published online August 2008): DOI:10.1115/1.2927404.
McGreevy, T.E., and J. Abou-Hanna. “Applicability of Simplified Methods to Alloy 617 in Excess of 6490C.” American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division PVP 3 (2008): 231–247.
Multimedia Ferolo, James, and The Iona Group. Waterwall, an interactive touchscreen display system at Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago, Fall 2008. Lamoureux, Edward Lee, Steve Baron, and Claire Stewart. Intellectual Property Law and Interactive Media: Free for a Fee. New York, NY: Peter Lang, 2009. See page 36.
Music Dzapo, Kyle. “Joachim Andersen—Elämä, Perintö Ja Mysteerejä,” translated by Anri Tuohimäki. Huilisti (Journal of the Finnish Flute Association) 4 (2007): 14–17.
Heinemann, Stephen. “From the Issue Editor: Undergraduate Research in the Arts and Humanities.” CUR Quarterly (Journal of the Council on Undergraduate Research) 29, no. 2 (Winter 2008): 4. Heinemann, Stephen, issue editor. CUR Quarterly (Journal of the Council on Undergraduate Research) 29, no. 2 (Winter 2008). Henry Liebenow, Marcia. Concordia String Trio concert with world premiere of Richard Lavenda’s String Trio, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, February 5, 2008.
———. Featured soloist in Bruch Violin Concerto No. 1 in G Minor, Op. 26, Clinton Symphony Orchestra, Clinton, IA, February 23, 2008. ———. Faculty chamber music recitals, Red Lodge Music Festival, Billings, MT, June 7–15, 2008. ———. Birch Creek Faculty String Quartet concert, Fish Creek, WI, June 22, 2008. ———. Birch Creek Music Festival Orchestra, Egg Harbor, WI, June 26–July 5, 2008. ———. Guest artist recital with pianist Richard Syracuse and violin master class at Ohio University, Athens, OH, October 1–2, 2008. ———. Fairmont Chamber Music Society guest artist recital, Fairmont, WV, October 5, 2008. ———. Featured soloist in works by Bottesini and Mozart, Muscatine Symphony Orchestra, Muscatine, IA, November 8, 2008. Jost, John, conductor. Orchestre Philharmonique Sainte Trinité. Performances of movements from Anton Dvorak’s Czech Suite and W.A. Mozart’s Bassoon Concerto. Léogâne, Haiti, July 27, 2008. Kaizer, Edward, and Janet Kaizer. Performances at Nordvangskolen, Sofielundsvej (school); Marielyst (senior education facility); Vangede Church Copenhagen with Danish Concertband; Rhythmic High School; and Viften Hall Copenhagen with Danish Concertband. Denmark, March 14–18, 2008.
Williams, John Alexander, associate professor of modern European history, editor. Berlin Since the Wall’s End: Shaping Society and Memory in the German Metropolis Since 1989. Newcastle, United Kingdom: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008. In his second book, Berlin Since the Wall’s End: Shaping Society and Memory in the German Metropolis Since 1989, John Williams presents the work of six scholars who met at Bradley University’s annual Berlin seminar in June 2006 to discuss the recent past and the future prospects of the German metropolis. Ever since the destruction of the Berlin Wall that divided East from West Berlin 19 years ago, Germans have struggled with the challenges of reunification. Two broad concerns—society and historical memory— emerged during the seminar, and these issues are reflected in the book’s essays. Contrary to the optimistic predictions of 1989–1990, reunification has aggravated many of Germany’s problems within the larger context of globalization. Trying to unify two countries with a common language but mutually hostile political and economic systems has been a daunting task. Divided into two sections, the book’s first part assesses how Berliners have reunified the city through urban planning and social, economic, and cultural policies as well as the pressing contemporary issues of immigration, citizenship, and cultural diversity. The second section traces how historical memory has been shaped and politically contested in German culture, both in the divided nation and since 1989. Berlin Since the Wall’s End casts light on a metropolis that has been scarred, but not destroyed, by the upheavals of recent history.
Since 1981, Bradley University’s Berlin Seminar has brought together college educators in German and European studies for a week during the summer. Held at the European Academy in Berlin, this faculty development seminar focuses on contemporary changes in politics, society, and culture. John Williams has directed the seminar since 2000.
Orfe, John. Core pianist of Alarm Will Sound (Alan Pierson, conductor). Recent performances include Hamilton College, Clinton, NY; International Performing Arts Center, Moscow, Russia; Hermitage Theatre, St. Petersburg, Russia; Glinka Philharmonic Chamber Hall, St. Petersburg, Russia; University of Denver, Denver, CO; and Duke University, Durham, NC, September 2008–February 2008.
———. Chamber Symphony for 17 players, performed by Alarm Will Sound. Art November Festival, International House of Music, Moscow, Russia, November 19, 2008. ———. Two Communion Meditations on ‘What Wondrous Love Is This’ for three keyboardists and flute/piccolo. Premiered August 3, 2008, The Moody Church, Chicago, IL. Commissioned by The Moody Church. ———. Oyster for 13 players plus dance troupe. Premiered Athens, OH, with Ohio University New Music Ensemble, John Climer (conductor), June 3, 2008. Commissioned by the School of Music and School of Dance of Ohio University with funds from Arts for Ohio. Vroman, David. Director, Illinois Music Educators Association District VI Honor Band. Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, November 1, 2008.
———. Director, Illinois Music Educators Association District III Honor Band. Illinois State University, Normal, IL, November 22, 2008.
Nursing Kooken, Wendy Carter, J.E. Haase, and K. Russell. “Response.” Western Journal of Nursing Research 29, no. 7 (2007): 927–929.
Priest, C., W. Kooken, K. Ealey, S. Holmes, and P. Hufeld. “Improving Baccalaureate Nursing Students’ Understanding of Fundamental Legal Issues Through Interdisciplinary Collaboration.” Journal of Nursing Law 11, no. 1 (2007): 35–42.
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In Print Philosophy and Religious Studies Fuller, Robert C. Spirituality in the Flesh: Bodily Sources of Religious Experience. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2008. See page 32.
Physical Therapy and Health Science Pratt, B.L., K.W. Baker, and D.J. Gaebler-Spira. “Participation of the Child with Cerebral Palsy in the Home, School, Community: A Review of the Literature.” Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine: An Interdisciplinary Approach 1, no. 2 (2008): 101–111.
Rosengren, K.S., K. Rajendran, J. Contakos, L.-L. Chuang, M. Peterson, R. Doyle, and E. McAuley. “Changing Control Strategies During Standard Assessment Using Computerized Dynamic Posturography with Older Women.” Gait and Posture 25, no. 2 (2007): 215–221.
Physics Bush, B., J.H. Craig Jr., K.R. Roos, J. Lozano, and K.W. Field. “UPS of Multilayer Nitrogen-Bearing Compounds on the Si(1 0 0) Surface.” Surface and Interface Analysis 40, no. 5 (March 5, 2008): 927–930. Bush., B.W., A.H. Marquis, O. Egwu, and J.H. Craig Jr. “Adsorption of Trisilylamine on the Si(1 0 0) Surface.” Surface and Interface Analysis 40, no. 10 (August 26, 2008): 1402–1405. Chao, W.C., Paul W. Wang, and L.G. Hwa. “Pressure Dependence of Elastic Properties of Low-Silica Calcium Alumino-Silicate Glasses. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 354, (12–13): 1389–1392. Hsu, J.C, P.W. Wang, and H.L Chen. “MgF2 Film Deposited by IAD with End-Hall Ion Source Using SF6 as Working Gas.” Key Engineering Materials 364–366 II (2008): 762–767.
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Sterling, Mary Jane, lecturer in mathematics. Business Math For Dummies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 2008. In Mary Jane Sterling’s eighth book in the “Dummies” series, Business Math For Dummies, complex mathematical concepts and formulas are explained in a way that makes them easy to understand. This essential desk reference for business professionals and students offers clear examples of how mathematical concepts relate to real-world business situations. Topics covered include working with percents to calculate increases and decreases, using basic algebra to solve proportions, and using basic statistics to analyze raw data. Solutions for finance and payroll applications such as reading financial statements, calculating wages and commissions, and strategic salary planning can also be found.
Kury, P., K.R. Roos, M. Horn-von Hoegen, and F.J. Meyer zu Heringdorf. “Absence of Surface Stress Change During Pentacene Thin Film Growth on the si(1 1 1)(7 × 7) Surface: A Buried Reconstruction Interface.” New Journal of Physics 10, no. 25 (February 2008). Kury, P., K.R. Roos, D. Thien, S. Möllenbeck, D. Wall, M. Horn-von Hoegen, and F.J. Meyer zu Heringdorf. “Disorder-Mediated Ordering by SelfInterfactant Effect in Organic Thin Film Growth of Pentacene on Silicon.” Organic Electronics: Physics, Materials, Applications 9, no. 4 (August 2008): 461–465. Lozano, J., A. Brickman, S. Yeninas, D. Early, and J.H. Craig Jr. “Adsorption and Decomposition of Triethylsilane on Si(1 0 0).” Applied Surface Science 253, no. 6 (2007): 3066–3071.
Meyer zu Heringdorf, F.-J., K.L. Roos, C. Wiethoff, M. Horn-von Hoegen, and K.R. Roos. “Growth of Ag Nanowires on Au-Pre-Facetted 4° Vicinal si(0 0 1).” Surface Science 602, no. 10 (2008): 1852–1857. Roos, K.R., K.L. Roos, I. Lohmar, D. Wall, J. Krug, M. Horn-Von Hoegen, and F.-J. Meyer Zu Heringdorf. “Real-Time View of Mesoscopic Surface Diffusion.” Physical Review Letters 100, no. 1. (Published online January 2008): DOI: i:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.016103.
Wang, C., Y. Liu, Y. Xia, T. Ma, and P.W. Wang. “Characteristics of ITO Films Fabricated on Glass Substrates by High Intensity Pulsed Ion Beam Method.” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 353, no. 22–23 (2007): 2244–2249. Wang, P.W., J.-C Hsu, and L.-G Hwa. “Metallic Phase Formation in Oxide Films.” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 354, no. 12–13 (2008): 1256–1262.
Yeninas, S., A. Brickman, J.H. Craig Jr., and J. Lozano. “HREELS Study of the Adsorption and Evolution of Diethylamine (DEA) on Si(1 0 0) Surfaces.” Applied Surface Science 254, no. 6 (2008): 1720–1724.
Political Science Aspin, L. “Judicial Retention Election Trends 1964–2006.” Judicature 90, no. 5 (2007): 208–213. Aspin, Larry. “Retention Elections and Evaluations: A Response to Current Trends in Contested Judicial Elections?” In Future Trends in State Courts 2007. Edited by C. Flango, C. Campbell, and N. Kauder, 104-109. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, 2007.
Psychology Denissen, J., L. Penke, David P. Schmitt, and M. van Aken. “Self-Esteem Reactions to Social Interactions: Evidence for Sociometer Mechanisms Across Days, People, and Nations.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 95, no. 1 (2008): 181–196. Etaugh, Claire A., and Judith S. Bridges. Women’s Lives: A Psychological Exploration. Allyn & Bacon, January 2009. See page 35. Hermann, A.D., and D.A. Foster. “Fostering Approachability and Classroom Participation During the First Day of Class: Evidence for a Reciprocal Interview Activity.” Active Learning in Higher Education 9, no. 2 (2008): 139–151. Montgomery, Derek E., Maren Anderson, and Elizabeth Uhl. “Interference Control in Preschoolers: Factors Influencing Performance on the Day-Night Task.” Infant and Child Development 17, no. 5 (2008): 457–470. Schmitt, D.P., A. Realo, M. Voracek, and J. Allik. “Why Can’t a Man Be More Like a Woman? Sex Differences in Big Five Personality Traits Across 55 Cultures.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 94, no. 1 (2008): 168–182. Schmitt, David P. “Evolutionary Approaches to Mate Choice and Relationship Initiation.” Handbook of Relationship Initiation. Edited by S. Sprecher, J. Harvey, and A. Wenzel, 55–74. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum, 2008. Schmitt, David P. “Evolutionary Perspectives on Romantic Attachment and Culture: How Ecological Stressors Influence Dismissing Orientations Across Genders and Geographies.” Cross-Cultural Research 42, no. 3 (2008): 220–247. Schmitt, David P., and Todd K. Shackelford. “Big Five Traits Related to Short-Term Mating: From Personality to Promiscuity Across 46 Nations.” Evolutionary Psychology 6 (2008): 246–282.
Schweigert, W.A. “The Effects of Multiple Presentations on the Ratings and Memorability of Novel Figurative Phrases.” Journal of Psycholinguistic Research: 38, no. 1 (February 2009): 25–42.
Sociology Crawford, L.A., and K.B. Novak. “Parent-Child Relations and Peer Associations as Mediators of the Family Structure-Substance Use Relationship.” Journal of Family Issues 29, no. 2 (2008): 155–184.
Teacher Education Anstine Templeton, R., and C.E. Johnson. “Home School Learners.” In 21st Century Education: A Reference Handbook. Edited by T.L. Good. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2008. Anstine Templeton, R., C.E. Johnson, G. Wan, and J.L. Sattler. “One School’s Journey to Becoming a Professional Development School.” The Journal of the National Association for Professional Development Schools 2, no. 1 (2008): 73-82. Antola Crowe, H., R.J. Wolffe, and L. Robinson. “What We Know About the World and Ourselves: Cross-Cultural Collaboration.” The National Professional Development School PDS Partners 3, no. 2 (2008): 4, 11-12. Britner, Shari L. “Motivation in High School Science Students: A Comparison of Gender Differences in Life, Physical, and Earth Science Classes.” Journal of Research in Science Teaching 45, no. 8 (January 24, 2008): 955–970. Cantu, D. Antonio, and Wilson J. Warren, eds. History Education 101: The Past, Present, and Future of Teacher Preparation. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing Inc., 2008. See page 34. Edgcomb, M., S.L. Britner, K. McConnaughay, and R. Wolffe. “Science 101: An Integrated, InquiryOriented Science Course for Education Majors.” Journal of College Science Teaching 38, no. 1: 22–27.
Johnson, C.E. “Meeting Challenges in U.S. Education: Striving for Success in a Diverse Society.” In The Education of Diverse Student Populations: A Global Perspective, Vol. 2. Edited by G. Wan 2: 79–95. New York, NY: Springer Publications, 2008. Lee, H., and R.A. Templeton. “Ensuring Equal Access to Technology: Providing Assistive Technology for Students with Disabilities.” Theory into Practice 47, no. 3 (2008): 212–219.
Zeldin, Amy L., Shari L. Britner, and Frank Pajares. “A Comparative Study of the Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Successful Men and Women in Mathematics, Science, and Technology Careers.” Journal of Research in Science Teaching 45, no. 9 (November 2008): 1036-1058.
Theatre Arts Brown, George H., and Gerhard Hauck. “Convergence and Creativity in Telematic Performance: The Adding Machine.” Culture, Language and Representation 6: Intermediality (May 2008): 101-119. Lohman, Mark (scenic design, technical direction, and technical production). William Shakespeare’s MacBeth. Brucemore Historical Estates, Cedar Rapids, IA, Summer 2007.
———. (scenic design/technical consultation), Alan Menken, Howard Ashman, Tim Rice, and Linda Wolverton. Beauty and The Beast. Young Footliters, Iowa City, IA, October 2008. ———. (scenic design), James Goldman, Carl Lindberg, Tony Luetkenhaos, and Ann Dunn. The Lion in Winter. Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL, October 22, 2008. Snyder, Steve. The Foreigner. Directed professional production for Gilmore Creek Summer Theatre, Winona, MN, July–August 2008.
———. Tuesdays with Morrie. Played the role of “Mitch Albom” in production at Summerstock, a professional summer theatre. University of Findlay, Findlay, OH, July 23–27, 2008.
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psa dewberry
Transforming the culture of learning
Building on two of Bradley University’s core strengths, engineering and business, the new 370,000-square-foot Convergence Center will be located between the College of Engineering and Technology and the Foster College of Business Administration. It will provide laboratories and classrooms for multidisciplinary teams to design and produce real products and real business plans. The Campaign for a Bradley Renaissance will help raise funds for the center, which will feature: • two large innovation and commercialization laboratories, providing facilities equivalent to that of a small company • 200-seat auditorium for meetings and workshops • technically sophisticated classrooms and conference rooms • spacious public areas for collaboration and social activities • offices for the Turner Center for Entrepreneurship • offices for the deans of the College of Engineering and Technology and the Foster College of Business Administration.