MOVING FORWARD ATHENAEUM 2050 NICOLE FITZGERALD JAMIL GAFFUD BRADLEY WINOGRAD
CAPSULE
COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN: STUDIO 5A DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, DESIGN, & URBANISM DREXEL UNIVERSITY FALL 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
4
Athenaeum 2050 & Narrative Design Concepts
SYNTHESIS
24
Site Context Sun Studies Climate Analysis Zoning & Egress Programming Building Code & Structure Daylighting Facade Studies Preliminary Cost Analysis
MIDTERM
48
Feedback Renderings
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
56
Envelope Analysis Massing Revisions Revised Egress Experiential Research Revised Programming
ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS
74
THE FUTURE LIBRARY Site Documentation Final Renderings Final Feedback Biblography
86
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Thermal Analysis & Facade Development Revised Lighting Analysis Structural Design Exploded Axon
3
S
ENTRY SEQUENCE
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ATHENAEUM 2050 & PARTI
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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
Hand render provided by the Athenaeum
βLOOKING FORWARDβ ATHENAEUM 2050 COMPETITION INTRODUCTION & NARRATIVE
6
Photo provided by the Athenaeum
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7
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
ENTRY BY BEAU ARCHITECTS LOOKING FORWARD - ATHENAEUM PHILADELPHIA 46163121 Concept Diagrams
1. Site
Flexible use of the bookshelf
2. Opening up the basement to integrate the archive
3. Bookshelf as structural facade
1
.
3
.
5
.
7
.
Bookcollections
2
Periodicals
Photographs + Prints
4
Lockers
Storage
6
Architectural drawings
Item display
8
Boxed books
.
4. Introducing special volumes for different functions
The Future Library With the rapid emergence of digital technologies in the past decades, much of the worldβs text and literature has migrated from physical print to virtual data. With the disappearance of books, and access to digital information unlinked from any we would no longer need libraries. We believe the opposite is true. More than ever, the library of the future should exist as a place of knowledge and information exchange, by attracting and bringing people together, as well as celebrating the book. Contemporary libraries should be more then just an archive of texts, neaty ordered and stacked together. We looked back to Etienne Louis Bouleeβs βGrand Library of France,β where we found our starting point. Here, information is collected around a central open space, programmed for visitor congregation and discussion.
.
The Supershelf whole collection of the Athenaeum (books, manuscripts, magazines, architectural drawings, archives, even the small and large display items). The shelf can be expanded in the future by placing an extra row of shelves on the inner corridor and providing the atheaum to grow. This βsupershelfβ functions simultaneously as the facade and structure of the library. In this way we created a central space, an enclosed courtyard surrounded by the storage of knowledge. Special volumes were carefully placed in this central space - designed in such a way to accomodate all the necessary functions including administration spaces, reading rooms, and study areas. On top, these volumes physically form the stage for public events including exhibitions and lectures. Translucent milky glass forms the facade of the library; during the day the building blends into its surrounding environment and the milky glass protects the collection from direct sunlight, but come nightfall the library will glow and become the pride of Philadelphia.
8
View from Washington Square Park
0
Section
View from lobby
1
2
5m
.
.
Basement
0
1
2
5m
First Floor
0
1
2
5m
Second Floor
0
1
2
5m
Third Floor
0
1
2
5m
Fourth Floor
0
1
2
5m
Fifth Floor
0
1
2
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
46163121
5m
2800 linear meter of books & periodicals 840 linear meter of display 830 linear meter + 480 cubic meter of archive & storage
Unfolded bookshelf
0
1
2
5m
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View towards reading room
View from tribune
9
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
PROJECT NARRATIVE Libraries lay the framework for the future by preserving the past; however, learning environments are not universal. Although many can learn through reading, others may prefer EXCHANGE. Through diverse and open planning, libraries can become not just a place to read but a hub for UNIVERSAL LEARNING COMMUNITIES. By exposing people to resources of the past they can be inspired to invest in the future.
10
View from Washington Square Park
Renders by BEAU Architects
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View from lobby
11
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
EXCHANGE THROUGH VISUAL INTERATCTION Through the large atrium, the idea of community is emphasized through transparency whilst enclosed spaces celebrate the individual.
TRANSPARENCY The large atrium also contributes to a variety of zones that nurture different types of activities. This allows the visual interaction to be unique and further enhances the ways in which people can inspire each other.
12
COMFORT ZONES
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View from tribune
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
EXCHANGE THROUGH SERENDIPITY VOLUME LEVEL
The design focuses the circulation on the perimeter of the building but allows volumes and habitable spaces to disrupt the flow. These volumes create an interstitial space between circulation and reading areas, giving visitors the opportunity to meet and interact with strangers. This further emphasize the communal element in the design. These spaces also create open spaces above, create another level of use to the design and enhancing the atrium experience.
CIRCULATION SPACE
LEVEL ABOVE
READING SPACE INTERSTITIAL SPACE OPEN SPACE
ZOOMED
1
2
1
CIRCULATION SPACE
INTERSTITIAL SPACES ZOOMED IN COMMUNICATION
G
R E TH A
TE A
O
T D IE SE U O Q L L C A N U EE ID T IV A D IV IN PR
R
B A LL
C
O
DIVERSIFY LEARNING
OPEN CLOSED
14
CLOSED CLOSED
OPEN AND CLOSED
OPEN CLO OPEN CLO
OPEN CLO
IN
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View towards reading room
The glowing facade is bound by a strong grid, but due to its modularity, allows the internal program to define the exterior facade. By allowing the facade to be flexible, it enhances the buildingβs ability to cater to a wide variety of uses both in the present and in the future. This however had its limits in the amount of views the competition provided and design proposes a series of book nooks to provide more interest and play into the facade.
OR RI TE N I
VIEW
BREAKING
TH
EG
RI D
TOWARD PARK
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
UNIVERSAL LEARNING THROUGH MODULARITY & FLEXIBILITY
ALLS
BREAKING THE GRID
UNIFORM GRID
OPEN AND CLOSED
16
COMPETITION CORRIDOR
PROPOSED CORRIDOR
BOOK NOOK STUDY
CORRIDOR ACTIVITY
βBOOK NOOKβ CONCEPT RENDER
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BREAKING THE GRID
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
UNIVERSAL LEARNING THROUGH MODULARITY & FLEXIBILITY In support of equity and diversity, the group researched ADA guidelines and ways to make sure that the new Book Nooks are able to cater to those in wheelchairs. The design also wanted to make sure that the module of bookshelves are not obstructing those in wheel chairs and are able to grab the books that are naturally within their reach.
Figure 305.7.1 Maneuvering Clearance in an Alcove, Forward Approach
Figure 305.7.2 Maneuvering Clearance in an Alcove, Parallel Approach Alcoves shall be 60 inches wide minimum where depth exceeds 15 inches.
Finally, equity also occurs within the circulation. By maintaining a connection between elevator and stair, the design can allow for equal pathing for all users, allowing all users to experience the design in the same way.
5' - 0" 3' - 0" "
CLR
CLR
1' - 3"
CLR
2' - 0"
CLR
18
SEAT/WORKSTATION TO BE AT Seat/Workstation toOF beSURFACE at 30β atAND top27β of surface and 30β AT TOP CLEARANCE 27β Clearance from to bottom of surface FROM FLOOR TO floor BOTTOM OF SURFACE
BOOK NOOK ADA
STAIRS ST S TAIRS TAIRS
48x30 AREA OF REFUGE
UP
ELEV ELE ELEV.
65' - 4 1/2"
EQUAL PATHING
Figure 308.3.2 Unobstructed High Forward Reach
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S U P E R S H E L F
19
BOOKSHELF ADA
Figure 308.3.2 Obstructed Side Reach
S U P E R S H E L F
S U P E R S H E L F Figure 308.3.2 Obstructed High Forward Reach
S U P E R S H E L F
S U P E R S H E L F
S U P E R S H E L F Figure 308.3.1 Unobstructed Side Reach
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
IMMERSION AND SEQUENCING THROUGH THE SUBLIME The large expansive space of Boulleeβs National Library was a great inspiration to BEAU Architectβs design and inhibits a great sense of sublime to the visitor. During the day, the atrium acts to bring light to the darker corridor. Conversely, at night the corridors act to feed light back towards the atrium and illuminate through the facade creating a glow.
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THE SUBLIME R I D OR COR
R I D OR COR
ATRIUM
ATRIUM
INBOUND
20
GLOW
IMPLIES INTANGIBLE ENERGY, DIRECTION, & AWE
OUTBOUND
LIGHTING CHANGES THROUGHOUT THE DAY
THE NATIONAL LIBRARY ETIENNE-LOUIS BOULLEE
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BEAUβS ATRIUM
To further emphasize the comfort and expansiveness of the atrium. The entry sequence becomes very important. The initial compression in the design further emphasize the liberation one feels as they enter through the space. This allows the visitor to feel comfort in the atrium despite its strong enclosure from the outside.
S 6th ST LIMITE D C ONFIN E D E NCLOS E D
C
OM
PRESS I O N
22
THR E THR ESHOLD SHOLD
COMPRESSION AND EXPANSION
OPE N N ES S IN DI VD UA LIZ E D
THE COMPETITION ENTRY
IMMERSION AND SEQUENCING THROUGH COMPRESSION AND EXPANSION
ED T RA E T LIB FOR COM
EXPAN SIO N
FLEXI BILIT Y
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SITE CIRCULATION
DESIGN SYNTHESIS SITE, CLIMIATE, CODE, AND PROGRAM
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SYNTHESIS
SITE CONTEXT After analyzing the competition entry and developing parti diagrams, we went to Washington Square to understand the context. From visiting the site of the current Athenaeum, we discovered a lot about the importance of the history of the neighborhood, building regulations, materiality of groundcover and cladding, their scale, and circulation within Washington Square Park. This would later help us understand facade design, site design, and massing.
CONSTITUTION CENTER
PHILA. MINT
FED BUILDING
ARCH ST
IRS BUILDING INDEPENDENCE MALL
MARKET ST S. 6TH ST
WASHINGTONβS HOME
LIBERTY BELL
INDEPENDENCE HALL
NATIONAL MUSEUM OF JEWISH HISTORY THE BOURSE
AMERICAN PHIL. SOCIETY FIRST BANK
WALNUT ST
26
WASHINGTON SQUARE
MUSEUM OF THE REVOLUTION
MERCHANTβS EXCHANGE
ATHENAEUM
LANDMARKS INSTITUTIONS HISTORIC GOVERNMENT ATHENAEUM PARK
WASHINGTON SQUARE
CONTEXT MAP
CIRCULATION THROUGH THE PARK
WASHINGTON SQUARE & INDEPENDENCE MALL
SITE CONTEXT 6TH STREET COLLAGE
CLADDING LIMESTONE
BRICK
HERRINGBONE
CONCRETE
GROUNDCOVER COBBLESTONE
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BROWNSTONE
27
SYNTHESIS
NOON 12
SUN STUDY
13 JUN
11 10
14 15
MAY
16
APR
9
MAR
Surrounding the site are mid-rise to high-rise buildings that make access to light very difficult because of the cast shadow they create throughout the year.
17
8 FEB JAN 7
18 DEC
OBSTRUCTIONS 6
19
WINTER -SPRING SUMMER-FALL
However, the study still shows that the East and West elevation can get some light throughout the year and that the north can get some light in the SpringSummer. With this in mind, the atrium became an integral part of capturing natural light for the design. We looked into the Genzyme Center and Melbourne School to further understand how to incorporate more light into the design in a controlled manner.
NEEDS MORE LIGHT
19
6 IDEAL LIGHT LEVEL DEC 7
18
NOV OCT 8
17
SEP AUG
9
16
OVER-EXPOSED TO LIGHT JUL
10
15 11
14
JUN 12 NOON
13
SUN CHART SOLAR ACCESS:SUN ANGLES
28
In addition to light, the Genzyme center also provided a new insight in ways to layer greenery into the atrium
DAYLIGHTING STUDY SPRING-SUMMER (LEFT) AND FALL-WINTER (RIGHT)
GENZYME CENTER BEHNISCH ARCHITEKTEN, CONDITIONED INTERIOR (LEFT) AND ATRIUM OF LIGHT (RIGHT)
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JOHN WARDLE ARCHITECTS, LIGHT FILLED OPEN SPACE (LEFT) AND PROTECTIVE FACADE (RIGHT)
29
MELBOURNE SCHOOL OF DESIGN
SYNTHESIS
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Philadelphia exhibits a temperate climate with most of the year being within a discomfortable level. Humidity, Temperature and Rain are mostly within the range of discomfort while Wind is even between comfort and discomfort. Through this analysis, we recognize the importance of the comfort levels of the interior levels and with most of the year being uncomfortable the design wants to push a conditioned interior: an exterior condition within the atrium.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
COMFORT ZONE: TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
BOTH TEMP. and HUMIDITY ARE COMFORTABLE TEMPERATURE IS COMFORTABLE HUMIDITY IS COMFORTABLE BOTH ARE NOT IN A COMFORTABLE LEVEL
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6 MONTHS
HUMIDITY AND RAIN
12 MONTHS 3 MONTHS
1.5 MONTHS
18
COMFORT ZONE: WIND
13
14
14
14.5
16
15 .5
17
18 16 .5
17.5
AVERAGE HIGH 19 .5
AVERAGE SPEED
AVERAGE LOW
10
U N D E SIR A B L E C O M F O R T A B L E W A L KIN G
4.5 4 3
MAY
1
2
2.5
4.5
APR
4
4.5
4.25
5
6
C O M F O R T A B L E SIT TI N G
JAN
FEB
MAR
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
WIND ANALYSIS in in
1.1+ .98 .86 .75 .63 .51 .35 .23 .1 <0
1.2
.96
.70 1/4β LIGHT: 2-3 hrs MODERATE: 1 hr HEAVY: 15min
3/4β HEAVY: 2-4 hrs 1β HEAVY: 2-5 hrs
.24
0
24 Hr 12 16 20 4 8 4 8 12 16 20 24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
Wk
31
RAIN ANALYSIS
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1/2β MODERATE: 1-2 hrs HEAVY: 30-45 min
.47
SYNTHESIS
SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES Because of the wide spectrum of climatic conditions in Philadelphia, the atrium can act as a conditioned park-like interior with ample natural light and greenery and serve as a place of refuge during bad weather. Making the atrium a space of thermal comfort, people can enjoy it all year-round.
CONDITIONED PARK INTERIOR THE ATRIUM PROTECTS FROM THE CLIMATE
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GENZYME CENTER INTRODUCING LIGHT & GREENERY INTO THE ATRIUM
EASTERN AND SOUTHERN FACADE CAN CAPTURE EVEN MORE LIGHT DURING FALL-WINTER
SKYLIGHT CAN MAXIMIZE LIGHT INTAKE, BUT RECOMMENDED TO REDUCE LIGHT INTAKE DURING SPRING-SUMMER TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY IS UNDESIRABLE TO T BOTH PEOPLE AND BOOKS; PROVIDE MORE RESISTANT ENEVELOPE
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CLIMATE RESPONSE
FA LLWIN TER
SPR ING -SU MME R
STRONG VESTIBULE/VOID TO PROTECT AGAINST MODERATE/HEAVY RAIN FOR VISITORS
33
SYNTHESIS
ZONING AND EGRESS The existing building occupied the whole lot which caused us to reduce the overall footprint of the design. However through careful analysis, we found that the design is able to capture more light by setting back 25β away from 6th street and allowing the building height to increase. The reduced occupiable area also allows the building to pay respect to the scale of the residential in the rear and also provide stormwater mitigation.
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The competition egress also did not work within code. With a single stair and an exit access of 140β, the original design does not meet the required egress. With the new proposed circulation, the stairs are simply laid out by the party wall and maintains a simple circulation.
SETBACK AXON
LOT COVERAGE PLAN
EXIT ACCESS
140β
140β
COMPETITION EGRESS
35
96' - 9"
EXIT ACCESS
PROPOSED EGRESS
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90β
3/8" '-4 165 5' CE 5 TAN . DIS MIN
90β
SYNTHESIS
PROGRAMMING Through plan and section, the competition entry maintains a strong relationship with the atrium. This is what allows for a strong communal space that people interact with. A flaw in the design however is itβs underwhelming programming, lacking the space that the Athenaeum requires for its future use.
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GRAPHIC PROGRAM
36
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COMPETITION PROGRAMMING
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READING ROOMS TALKING/GATHERING (OPEN SPACE) CIRCULATION
G IR A ST
PARK ( PUBLIC)
STREET
BR
IN
ARCHIVES
N
BACK OF HOUSE
READ R A LE
BATHROOM
TALK
ARCHIVE
TALK
TALK
READ
READ TALK BOH BOH
T A L K
B O H B O H
5 4 3 2 STREET
1 B
37
COMPETITION PROGRAM IN PLAN AND SECTION
READ
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PARK
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BOOKSHELF WALL W
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CIRCULATION
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SYNTHESIS
PROPOSED PROGRAMMING Though the required program exceeds the competition, the proposal held the fundamentals of the design, maintaining the atrium as the focal point of the design. In recognizing the larger density of program, we went through iterations of ways to organize the space. This ultimately led to option 3 with a secondary basement for archiving, allowing the atrium and public spaces to maintain the grand gesture that the original competition provided
PROPOSED PROGRAM Meeting/ Multipurpose Room
Reference and Information Hub
Archives Public Entry & Loby Periodicals Collection β Display & Seating
Gallery
General Collection & Member Reading Room
Atrium
Administration Circulation Services
Staff Workroom General Building Services
Deliveries, Loading, Temporary Parking and Staff Entrance
BUBBLE DIAGRAM
Adjacent Proximity
PROGRAM # PROGRAM DIVISION 1 Public Entrance and Lobby Public Entrance and Lobby Public Restrooms Proposed CafΓ© 2 Circulation Services Circulation Desk Computer/Telecom Room Staff Entrance and Lobby Staff Lounge Staff Restrooms 3 Staff Workroom 4 Administration Administration Services Area Executive Directorβs Office Assistant Directorβs Office Administrative Assistant Reception and Support Services Staff Meeting Room Staff Office Area 5 Reference and Information Hub Reference Desk Reference Collection and Seating Copy Center Technology Area 6 General Collection and Member Reading Room Browsing Area and New Book Display Media Collection and Seating Fiction Collection and Seating Non-Fiction Collection and Seating 7 Archives Physical Media Archives Digital Media Archives Rare Book Vault Proposed Large Scanner Room 8 Meeting Room AV, Chair and Table Storage Multipurpose Room 9 Periodicals Collection β Display and Seating 10 Gallery 11 General Building Services Custodial Workroom General Athenaeum Storage 12 Deliveries, Loading, Temporary Parking and Staff Entrance
AREA EXISTING NEEDED (SF) AREA (SF) 1370 21330 520 230 380 1200 0 1410 150 170 150 150 230 260 800 5730 250 800 250 690 6170 420 670 900 2000 1320 3000 600 3000 0 300 1100 500 0 500 0 0 280 320 0 37330
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PROGRAM SQUARE FOOTAGE
PROPOSED PROGRAM
DIVISION AREA (SF) 500
1130
1200 1910
1990
3990
6600
1400
500 500 600
20320
FLEXIBLE SEATING SUPERSHELF PARK ARK FLEXIBLE FLEXIBLE SEATING BEYOND SEATING SUPERSHELF FLEXIBLE PARK PARK ARK REFERENCE AREA PARK ARK BEYOND SEATING SS BOH ARCH. ADMINISTRATION AREA BEYOND GALLERY SUPERSHELF BEYOND
FLEXIBLE SEATING
STREET
MEETING ROOM
CIRCUL. DESK
STAFF AREA
5 4 3 2 STREET
1
ARCHIVE
B
OPTION 1 DISTINCT PROGRAM FLEXIBLE SPACE CIRCULATION FLEX. AREA PA FLEX. RKAREA
FLEX. FLEX. AREA SEAT. FLEX. TECH AREA AREA STAFF FLEXIBLE AREA SEATING
STAFF AREA
STREET
FLEXIBLE SEATING CIRCUL. DESK
STAFF AREA
SUPERSHELF BEYOND SUPERSHELF BEYOND SUPERSHELF BEYOND SS BEYOND
MEETING ROOM
5
ARCHIVE
4 GALLERY
3
TELE. COMM.
BOH
ARCHIVE
BATHROOM
REFER. AREA
2 STREET
1
ARCHIVE
B
BACK OF HOUSE ARCHIVES PARK / POCKET PARK SUPERSHELF
OPTION 2
STREET
MEETING ROOM
LOBBY
P A R K
FLEXIBLE SEATING TING FLEXIBLE PA SEATING TING RK FLEXIBLE SEATING STAFF AREA
GALLERY
4 3 2 STREET
1
BOH
ARCHIVE
B2 ARCHIVE
B1
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OPTION 3
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FLEXIBLE PA SUPERSHELF BEYOND SEATING RK REFERENCE SUPERSHELF PARK ARK AREA BEYOND SS ADMINISTRATION BOH BEYOND AREA
SYNTHESIS
CONSTRUCTION TYPE While studying the building codes to see what construction types were allowed, our proposed parameters left us with either concrete and steel construction or mass timber. Although the concrete design can work within the new massing, the conrete and steel seemed counteractive to the communal element to the design. It felt sterile and muted. To further emphasize the designβs intent, Mass Timber felt like a better fit as it brought warmth and comfort to the space.
ZONING FAR: LOT AREA: ALLOWABLE AREA: MAX BUILDING HT:
CONSTRUCTION TYPE MATRIX 500% 9,000 SF. 45,000 SF. PROPOSED AREA: 45,000 SF. 70 FT MAX PROPOSED BLDG HT: 70 FT
OCCUPANCY GROUP: A-3 B S-2
LIBRARY BUSINESS STORAGE (LOW-HAZARD)
AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS REQUIRED? YES ALLOWABLE BUILD HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND PLANE: 70 FT OCCUPANCY TYPE: SPRINKLERED? TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT, VA A, B, S YES ALLOWABLE NUMBER OF STORIES ABOVE GROUND PLANE: OCCUPANCY TYPE: SPRINKLERED? A-3 YES B YES S-2 YES ALLOWABLE NUMBER OF STORIES ABOVE GROUND PLANE: OCCUPANCY TYPE: SPRINKLERED? A-3 YES (SM) B YES (SM) S-2 YES (SM)
5 TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION IA, IB, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT IA, IB, IIA, IIIA, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT IA, IB, IIA, IIIA, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT, VA 45,000 SF TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION IA, IB, IIA, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT, VA IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, IVC, IVHT, VA
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CONSTRUCTION TYPE ANALYSIS
STRUCTURE & EXPERIENCE
COMPETITION STRUCTURE: CONCRETE AND STEEL
Founderβs Hall By kaTO ARCHITECTS AND ZGF (LEFT) Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Building by STUDIO MA (RIGHT)
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PROPOSED STRUCTURE: MASS TIMBER
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SYNTHESIS
PROPOSED LIGHTING PROGRAM From the competition plans, we new recognized that a lot of the light in the site will be captured by the top floor but that the ground floor will capture little to no light. Accepting this, we decided to create a lighting program, allowing public spaces to have the most light and offices and administration to have the most balanced levels of light and more Back of House programs to have little light.
LOW
MODERATE
42
PUBLIC READING AREAS MOST VARIED QUALITY PUBLIC PROGRAM SPORATIC USE
BROWSING AREA ND NEW BOOK DISPLAY
MEDIA COLLECTION AND SEATING
FICTION COLLECTION AND SEATING
FICTION COLLECTION AND SEATING
NON-FICTION COLLECTION AND SEATING
MODERATE CHANGES IN QUALITY PRIVATE PROGRAM CONTINUOUS USE
PERIODICALS
ADMINISTRATION, ENCLOSED SPACES
REFERENCE COLLECTION AND SEATING
LOBBY/CIRCULATION DESK
MEETING ROOMS
ADMINISTRATION SERVICES AREA
DIRECTORβS/ASSISTANT DIRECTORβS OFFICE
ADMIN. ASSISTANT
GENERAL STAFF OFFICES
STAFF LOUNGE
REFERENCE DESK
INFORMATION HUB
LIGHTING PROGRAM
CAFE
LITTLE CHANGE IN QUALITY SEMI-PUBLIC PROGRAM CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT
MULTIPURPOSE ROOM
GALLERY
VESTIBULE
TELECOM/COMPUTER ROOM
COPY CENTER
RESTROOMS
LOADING DOCKS
PHYSICAL MEDIA ARCHIVES
DIGITAL MEDIA ARCHIVES
RARE BOOK BAULT
LARGE SCANNER ROOM
BACK OF HOUSE, ARCHIVES, MECHANICALS, ENTRY
HIGH
FLOOR 5
FLOOR 4
FLOOR 3
FLOOR 2
EXPLODED FLOOR PLAN (SE)
43
LIGHTING ANALYSIS
NF | JG | BW
FLOOR 1
SYNTHESIS
PROPOSED SKIN The original design proposed for a glass block module that encased the interior. We recognized this as inefficient in protecting the books as well as limited in its flexibility. We proposed instead for a curtain wall system with a metal mesh screen. This maintains the strong grid and illuminating quality that the glass block produces. This allows the interior to be free from the enclosure of the skin, and allows the skin react to the environment, opening and closing as the seasons go by.
44
METAL MESH MODULE SYSTEM
REACTIVE SOLID AND VOID
SKIN PRECEDENT Nth Ftizroy by Milieu and FIELDWORK (CENTER) Altis Belem by RISCO Architects (RIGHT)
NF | JG | BW 45
UNFOLDED ELEVATION
SYNTHESIS
INITIAL PROPOSAL COST With the new facade and metal mesh screen, we noticed that a lot of the budget went into the shell. This also brought up further concerns about the operational cost for the design as the thermal properties of the design is not ideal. With this in mind, the design takes a shift towards a new iteration that allows the facade to maintain its quality and original intent, while performing more efficiently than the current proposal.
COSTS OTHER COSTS
$4,775,827
BUILDING SITEWORK
$292,680
SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
$21,000
EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS
PERCENTAGE BASED COSTS SUBSTRUCTURE
SHELL
INTERIORS
SERVICES
EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS
SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
BUILDING SITEWORK
OTHER BUILDING COSTS
$291,750
SERVICES
$4,583,861
INTERIORS
$1,794,413
2%
22%
SHELL
$3,458,524
31%
SUBSTRUCTURE
$376,520
$0
$1,000,000
$2,000,000
$3,000,000
$4,000,000
$5,000,000
2%
12%
0%
TOTAL COSTS: $15,594,575 TO BE REDUCED
2%
46
29%
COST ANALYSIS
$6,
11/1/2021 SUMMARY - ORDER OF MAGNITUDE COST ESTIMATE
Group
Description
A
Subtotal
SUBSTRUCTURE
A10 Foundations A20 Basement Construction B
$ $
154,700 221,820
$ $ $
764,768 2,241,626 452,130
$ $ $
919,682 568,000 306,731
$ $ $ $ $
392,000 273,000 1,959,431 266,096 1,693,335
$ $
75,000 216,750
$ $
9,000 12,000
$ $ $ $ $
35,000 35,000 65,000 30,000 154,510
SHELL
B10 Superstructure B20 Exterior Closure B30 Roofing C
INTERIORS
C10 Interior Construction C20 Staircases C30 Interior Finishes D
D10 D20 D30 D40 D50 E
E10 E20 F
F10 F20 G
G10 G20 G30 G40 G50
SERVICES Conveying Systems Plumbing HVAC Fire Protection Electrical EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS Equipment Furnishings SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION Special Construction Selective Building Demolition BUILDING SITEWORK Site Preparation Site Improvements Site Civil/Mechanical Utilities Site Electrical Utilities Other Site Construction SUBTOTAL General Requirements SUBTOTAL Bidding/ Costing Contingency SUBTOTAL Escalation to the Mid Point of Construction (12 Months @ 4% per year) TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST
$'s/SF
$
376,520
$
$
3,458,524
$
$
1,794,413
$
$
4,583,861
$
$
291,750
$
$
21,000
$
$
292,680
$
$
251.52
$
301.82
$
332.00
$
345.28
$
362.55
$
10,818,747
20%
$
2,163,749
$
12,982,497
10%
$
1,298,250
$
14,280,746
4%
$
571,230
$
14,851,976
$
742,598.81
$
15,594,575
5%
8.75 3.60 5.16 80.40 17.78 52.11 10.51 41.72 21.38 13.21 7.13 106.57 9.11 6.35 45.55 6.19 39.37 6.78 1.74 5.04 0.49 0.21 0.28 6.80 0.81 0.81 1.51 0.70 3.59
NF | JG | BW
OTHER/SOFT COSTS: Design & Construction Management Fees Construction Contingency Furnishings Project Management Costs TOTAL PROJECT COSTS
Total Cost
47
PRELIMINARY COST BREAKDOWN ZGERALD
MIDTERM Intermediate Progress & Considerations
NF | JG | BW 49
MIDTERM 50
FEEDBACK 1.
There is no contrast or hierarchy in the façade or any correlation to the context of the surrounding context because of the entirely mechanical façade.
2.
The entry and vestibule is under developed and needs further analysis on how to create a inviting entry space and frontage.
3.
The atrium neglects the impact of the learning spaces that exists within the competition entryβs atrium.
4.
Universal learning does not come across in the experience of the building because it is very linear.
5.
The façade and exterior of the building has a negative thermal and cost impact.
CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE EXTERIOR BREAKING THE GRID CONCEPT
D AY TIM E
NIGHT TIME
EXPERIENCES
NF | JG | BW 51
MIDTERM
CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE VESTIBULE At midterm the jurors stated that the vestibule experience was not one that people would enjoy since itβs very linear.
52
Referring back to our original concept of expansion -> compression -> expansion would later assist us in developing a entry and vestibule that is intriguing. Creating a shorter corridor to the atrium would increase the experience of the entry into the atrium because the atrium would appear larger.
ENTRY SEQUENCE
VESTIBULE
CIRCULATION INTO THE BUILDING
EXISTING VESTIBULE EXPERIENCE
CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE ATRIUM ATRIUM & COLLABORATION
NF | JG | BW 53
MIDTERM
CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE LEARNING After analyzing the midterm presentation the ideas of universal learning and the interior facade interacting with the people were not developed enough.
54
By looking at our concept going into midterm and the structure studying the reading room we realized that our idea was strong but there needs to be spaces that differ from this type of learning. While looking at the facade there was a realization that it should have a more privatized facade.
UNIVERSAL LEARNING
STRUCTURE SECTION STUDY
SPACE BRINGING TWO COMMUNITIES TOGETHER
STRUCTURE THAT CREATES AN EXPERIENCE
CONCEPTS & EXPERIENCE FACADE INTERIOR & EXTERIOR FACADE EXPERIENCE
QIUSUO SCREEN FACADE MANUFACTURER
INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE & TECH. BUILDING BY STUDIO MA
55
OPEN INTERIOR
NF | JG | BW
SEMI-OPAQUE EXTERIOR
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT Facade Progression, Programming, & Precedents
NF | JG | BW 57
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
FACADE PROGRESSION Post midterm the first idea we tackled was changing the facade by exploring materiality, grid concepts, and public/ private helped our design. The first option was a limestone veneer that would blend in with the surrounding environment.
LIMESTONE COST ANALYSIS 58
REVISION SHOWCASING A MORE AFFORDABLE APPROACH
FACADE PROGRESSION LIMESTONE AXON
NF | JG | BW 59
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
FACADE PROGRESSION The second option was a brick veneer that would blend it with the existing row houses on St. James Street. The third option was terra cotta which was a lighter and option that could provide more texture to the facade with a similar cost to the brick option.
TOTA
BRICK OPTION COSTS OTHER COSTS
$4,017,897
BUILDING SITEWORK
$280,000
SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
$21,000
EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS
$291,750
SERVICES
BRICK OPTION PERCENTAGE BASED COST SUBSTRUCTURE
SHELL
INTERIORS
SERVICES
EQUIPMENT & FURNISHINGS
SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION
BUILDING SITEWORK
OTHER BUILDING COSTS
$3,906,527
INTERIORS
$1,533,535
3%
SHELL
$2,692,465
20% 31%
SUBSTRUCTURE
$376,520
$0
$500,000
$1,000,000
$1,500,000
$2,000,000
$2,500,000
$3,000,000
$3,500,000
$4,000,000
$4,500,000
2%
TOTAL COSTS: $13,119,693
12%
ORIGINAL
0%
97
2%
30%
BRICK COST ANALYSIS 60
REVISION SHOWCASING A MORE AFFORDABLE APPROACH
FACADE PROGRESSION BRICK AXONAXON & THE OWSLEY BROWN II HISTORY CENTER LIMESTONE
NF | JG | BW 61
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 62
FACADE PRECEDENT LIMESTONE JACOBS SCHOOL AXONOF MEDICINE & HARRAHβS AK-CHIN HOTEL
ATRIUM PRECEDENT THE LIMESTONE BOURSEAXON | INDIVIDUALITY/COMMUNITY & ATRIUM OF LIGHT
INDIVID
UAL
INDIVIDUAL
COMMUNITY
XIANDIANTI LIMESTONE AXON MALL | ATRIUM GREENERY & MATERIALITY
NF | JG | BW 63
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
MASSING DEVELOPMENT The initial mass to form focused on the sustainable concepts we wanted to consider in our project. The final mass to form tells a story of how our building was developed through those considerations and ideas.
INITIAL DESIGN MASS TO FORM 64
CHANGES IN THE BUILDING SHAPE & IDEAS
MASSING DEVELOPMENT LIMESTONE FINAL DESIGN AXON MASS TO FORM
NF | JG | BW 65
The egress in the competition entry did not met code regulations or ADA requirements.
4' - 0"
" 1 /32 ' - 53 = 57 NCE IS TA SS D
8' - 0"
79β
COMPETITION ENTRY & INITIAL EGRESS TYPICAL FLOOR 66
EVOLUTION OF THE PATH OF EGRESS
1 70'
65' - 4 1/2"
EXIT ACCESS
77β
G RE
140β
EXIT ACCESS
4' - 0"
8' - 0"
.E MIN
The original proposal had the stairs on the northern side to maximize light into the building on the southern side before the consideration of the condo building. The final iteration it was flipped to hide the stairs in the wall because there couldnβt be openings.
140β
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
EGRESS PLANS
EGRESS PLANS LIMESTONE FINAL EGRESS AXON PLANS
EGRESS PLAN 80β 64β
66β 64β
LEVEL TWO L2
LEVEL FIVE L5
101β
101β
80β
90β 69β
82β 61β
LEVEL ONE L1
84β
70β
77β
BASEMENT ONE B1
101β
LEVEL FOUR L4
101β
LEVEL THREE L3
101β
EXIT STAIRS EXIT REMOTENESS (MIN. 50 FT)
75β
95β
EXIT DISCHARGE TRAVEL DISTANCE (MAX. 250β)
B2
CHBASEMENT 487 | CAPSULE TWO
101β
101β
NF | JG | BW
EXIT ACCESS
80β
NF JG BW
67
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM STUDY LIBRARY FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF NATURAL RESOURCES EXPOSED MASS TIMBER STRUCTURE
OPERABLE WINDOW MODULE
VIEW TO WASHINGTON SQUARE
VIEW TO WASHINGTON SQUARE
LOW-PARTITION READING DESKS
PRIVATE READING OR VIEWING BAY
VIEWS TO WASHINGTON SQUARE OPERABLE WINDOWS READING SHELF
VIEWS TO WASHINGTON SQUARE OPERABLE WINDOWS READING SHELF
READING TABLES
68
STAFF OFFICE
SUPERSHELF
PROGRAM STUDY ATRIUM SKYLIGHT ACCESS TO GREENERY
GLASS ENCLOSURE STAFF / MEETING SPACES
INFORMAL CORRIDOR GATHERING SPACE CLUSTERED STUDY SPACES
STUDY SPACES
VIEWS TO S PARK POCKET
ATRIUM GATHER SPACE
NF | JG | BW
READING SHELF
SUPERSHELF
VIEWS FROM INTERIOR ROOMS
69
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT The program is arranged by private, public, and common spaces. The basement floors are mainly private. The ground floor is a common area. The staff areas are on the second floor and the further you ascend upward the more public the building gets.
Meeting/ Multipurpose Room
Reference and Information Hub
Public Entry & Loby
Periodicals Collection β Display & Seating
Gallery
General Collection & Member Reading Room
Atrium Archives Administration Circulation Services
General Building Services
Workroom
Deliveries, Loading, Temporary
Adjacent Proximity
PROGRAM DIAGRAM 70
BUBBLE DIAGRAM WITH ADJACENCIES & PROXIMITIES
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM SECTIONS
502
402
9
302
502
403
402
303
202
9
105
102
001
3
8
401
302
301
201
102
003
102
16
32
PRIVATE/COMMON/PUBLIC SPACES
3
4
CROSS SECTION THROUGH ATRIUM 1/32β=1β 1/16β=1β 0
8
16
32
NF | JG | BW
PROGRAM SPECTRUM
103
6
002
3
LONGITUDIONAL SECTION THROUGH ATRIUM 1/32β=1β 1/16β=1β 8
501
205
104
3
0
502
71
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PROGRESS DEPARTMENT PLANS
Meeting Room General Building Services ollection and Member
Staff Workroom Public Entrance and Lobby
ormation Hub Stairs Periodical Collection Archives Circulation Services General Collection and Member Reading Room Reference and Information Hub Administration
72
Gallery
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT LIMESTONE FINAL PROGRAM AXONPLANS
L2 LEVEL TWO
L5 LEVEL FIVE
L1 LEVEL ONE
L4 LEVEL FOUR
B1 BASEMENT ONE
L3 LEVEL THREE NF | JG | BW 73
B2 BASEMENT TWO
T E R RA COT TA BRICK VENEER T E X T U R ES C U RTA I N WA L L & M ES H S C R E E N (O P E N S PAC E ) BOOK NOOK ( I N D I V I D UA L S PAC E ) C U RTA I N WA L L REVISED BREAKING THE GRID
ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS Detailing, Thermal, Structure, & Lighting
NF | JG | BW 75
THE PUBLIC FACADE
READING ROOM
6TH & PART- WALL ELEVATIONS
TYPICAL ROOF ASSEMBLY BUILT UP ROOF TAPERED RIGID INSULATION VAPOR BARRIER GYPSUM COVERBOARD CLT ROOF PANEL ELECTRICAL CAVITY OAK CEILING
READING ROOM
After reviewing our facade studies, looking at context, and anticipating thermal design, we decided to use a diverse language of masonry to reflect the response to the public realm of the park and adjacent residences and create a modular panel system in which the scale is predictable and where materiality is only altered from the exterior layer. Terracotta was chosen for the public realm, whereas brick was chosen for the private realm.
FLEX SEATING
ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS
FACADE DEVELOPMENT
VESTIBULE CANTILEVER
STAFF OFFICES
RADIANT FLOOR SYSTEM W/ SOUND INSULATION
TERRACOTTA SILL
TERRACOTTA SPANDREL PANEL
SHELF ANGLE
TONGUE & GROOVE WOOD SOFFIT PANELS
1
2
4
READING ROOM PROJECTION ROOF MOVABLE MESH SCREEN BUILT-UP ROOF W/ TAPERED INSULATION
VESTIBULE
0
STAFF ROOM
EXPOSED MASS TIMBER FRAMING
TYPICAL FLOOR ASSEMBLY OAK FLOOR RADIANT HEATING SYSTEM SOUND ATTENUATION INSULATION TONGUE & GROOVE CLT FLOOR ELECTRICAL CHANNEL OAK CEILING PANELS
TYPICAL FOUNDATION WALL DRAINAGE MAT RIGID INSULATION VAPOR BARRIER SITECAST CONCRETE FURRING CHANNEL GYPSUM BOARD
ALUMINUM & GLASS CURTAIN WALL
76
6TH ST ELEVATION & DETAILS TERRACOTTA PANELS CLAD THE ENTRY & FACE THE PARK
1
2
4
ARCHIVES
0
TYPICAL SLAB ASSEMBLY OAK OVER RADIANT FLOOR REINFORCED SITECAST SLAB VAPOR BARRIER RIGID INSULATION CRUSHED STONE
0
2
4
8
FACADE DEVELOPMENT
SKYLIGHT GLULAM TRUSSES AT ROOF
THE PRIVATE FACADE To add a sense of transparency while preserving intimacy, the brick screen was chosen as a substitutions for opaque brick panels. Maintaining the language of the mesh mesh box, the brick screen acts to mimic the mesh, yet is used on the lower levels where a protected view towards the adjacent residences is important. TYPICAL FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
TREET ELEVATIONS
SAFING AT FLOOR LEVEL
BOOK NOOK ROOF
STEEL ANGLE & FLASHING (TYP)
MOVABLE METAL MESH SCREEN OVER CURTAIN WALL
METAL ROOFING AT BAY
GLULAM TRUSSES AT ATRIUM
0
1
2
4
0
1
2
4
BRICK SCREEN & PREFAB PANEL BRICK SCREEN ATTACHED TO ADJACENT PANELS
TYPICAL BRICK WALL ASSEMBLY: SOLDIER COURSING STACK BOND TIED BACK TO PRECAST PANEL VAPOR BARRIER METAL STUD WITH BATTS GYPSUM BOARD FINISH METAL & GLASS RAILING SYSTEM AT ATRIUM SUPERSHELF ALONG INSULATED EXTERIOR
BRICK SCREEN ASSEMBLY: ALTERNATING HEADER COURSE RUNNING BOND TIED BACK TO MULLIONS & ADJACENT BRICK VENEER OVER ALUMINUM & GLASS CURTAIN WALL
FOOTING ASSEMBLY: SITECAST WALL FOOTING REINFORCING TIED TO FOUNDATION WALL
0
2
4
8
ST JAMES PLACE ELEVATION & DETAILS BRICK PANELS & SCREENS FACE THE RESIDENTS
77
PERFORATED PIPE WITHIN MESH FABRIC AND GRAVEL
NF | JG | BW
TYPICAL FOUNDATION WALL ASSEMBLY
BUILDING ASSEMBLIES To ensure the performance of our building, we performed a thermal anlysis to understand heat gain, balance point, and location for vapor barrier implementation.
H
Interior Air Film 15.25
Rtot UAtot
BRICK WALL ASSEMBLY (R-VALUE) Layer Thickness Material
C
1.0 Air Gap
H
Interior Air Film 15.25
Rtot UAtot
YKK CURTAIN WALL ASSEMBLY (R-Value) Layer Thickness Material Low Emissivity Film YKK Recommended Equivalent B Energy Performance Rtot UAtot YKK SKYLIGHT ASSEMBLY (R-Value) Layer Thickness Material A Low Emissivity Film YKK Recommended Equivalent B Energy Performance
78
Rtot UAtot
0.68
1.471
U-Value
0.68
1.471
0.68 1.471 28.05 R-26 MIN. 0.036
R-Value 3.130
U-Value 0.319
3.226 6.356 0.1573
0.310
R-Value U-Value 3.130 0.319 3.226 6.356 0.157
0.310
ROOF ASSEMBLY R-32.875
A B
UA
C D E F
BRICK WALLS
BRICK WALL ASSEMBLY R-28.050 A
TERRACOTTA North South West GLAZING North
1531 1362 444
27.795 27.795 27.795
0.036 0.036 0.036
55.082 49.002 15.974
5459
6.356
0.157
858.874
West
2406
6.356
0.157 UAtot
378.540 2627.328
0.68 1.471 28.05 R-26 MIN. 0.036 R-Value
U-Value
Building Volume = Floor Area = Internal Temperature = ACH = UA skin = UA infiltration = UA total =
429000 30339 70 0.6
ACH x Volume ft^3 x 0.018 = UA + UA infiltration
Philadelphia Solar Insolation (Winter) South Facing Glazing = Horizontal Facing Glazing = South Facing = SF x 792/ 24 hrs Horizontal Facing = SF x 555/ 24 hrs Solar Gain Internal Heat Gains (assume 10hr occupancy) People Equipment Lighting Total Per Day
Total x 10/24
Internal Heat Gain
Per day x Floor Area
Balance Point Temperature = Internal Temperature - (Qi/UAtot) Qi = Internal Heat Gain + Solar Gain BPT = 70 - (99,021.375/7260.584)
B
C
D
E
F
Height = 60 Length = 143 Width = 50
BTU/day-ft^2 BTU/day-ft^2 BTU/h BTU/h BTU/h
1.9 BTU/(h-ft^2) 0.6 0.5 3 1.25
BTU/(h-ft^2) BTU/(h-ft^2) BTU/(h-ft^2) BTU/(h-ft^2)
37923.75 BTU/h
192080.25 BTU/h 43.54 F
H
YKK CURTAIN WALL WITH LOW EMMISITY FILM R-6.356 A B
2627.328 BTU/h-F 4633.2 BTU/h-F 7260.528 BTU/h-F
792 555 50094 104062.5 154156.5
T E R R A C O T T A W A L L A S S E M B L Y R-27.795 G
A B C
D
E
F
G
H
INTERIOR
1.0 Air Gap
U-Value
R-Value
EXTERIOR
C
R-Value
Area
INTERIOR
BRICK WALL ASSEMBLY (R-VALUE) Layer Thickness Material
BUILDING SKIN ROOF
INTERIOR
Rtot UAtot
R-Value U-Value 0.175 5.714 3 0.333 24 0.042 0.12 8.333 0.62 1.613 4.96 0.202 32.875 R-30 MIN. 0.0304
EXTERIOR
ROOF ASSEMBLY (R-VALUE) Layer Thickness Material A Exterior Air Film B 0.375 Built-up Roof C 6 Rigid Insulation D 0 Vapor - Seal, 2 layers E 1/4 Plywood Sheathing F 4 Cross Laminated Timber
EXTERIOR
ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS
THERMAL ANALYSIS
THERMAL ANALYSIS THERMAL AXON OPTMAL THERMAL PERFOMANCE CURTAIN WALL W/ OPERABLE METAL MESH & LOW EMISSIVITY FILM 6 R-VALUE (YKK 3 MIN.)
NF | JG | BW 79
HIGH THERMAL PERFORMANCE BRICK & TERRACOTTA PRE-CAST PANELS 33 R-VALUE (MIN R-26)
ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS
LIGHTING ANALYSIS FINAL DAYLIGHTING PLANS
SECOND FLOOR
L2 LEVEL TWO
GROUND FLOOR
L1 LEVEL ONE
BASEMENT 1
B1 BASEMENT ONE
80
BASEMENT 2
BASEMENT TWO B2
FIFTH FLOOR
L5 LEVEL FIVE
FOURTH FLOOR
L4 LEVEL FOUR
THIRD FLOOR
L3 LEVEL THREE
LIGHTING ANALYSIS
FINAL ILLUMINANCE PLANS POCKET P OCK ET PA PAR PARK RK
NONFICTION N ONFIC TION SEATING SE ATING 844 SF SF 844 502 502
MEDIA M E DIA C COLLECTION OLLE LEC CT TION ION
MEDIA M EDIA S SEATING E ATING 502 S F 502 SF 404 4 04 TECHNOLOGY T ECHN HNO OLOG OGY YA AREA REA 646 6 46 S SF F 3 308 08
W WC C 6 64 4S SF F 3 306 06
W WC C 1 152 52 S SF F 3 305 05
NF | JG | BW
MECH. M EC H. 114 1 14 SF SF B204 B20 4
ELECT. E LECT. 1 23 SF SF 123 B205 B20 5
81
300 to 750 LUX
WC WC 64 SF SF 64 407 407
301 3 01
CORRIDOR CORR RRIIDOR SF 2 2260 260 S F
C O OPY PY C CENTER ENTER COPY 2 219 19 S SF F 3 307 07
PHYSICAL P HYSICAL M MEDIA EDIA A ARCHIVES RCHIV ES 2530 S F 2530 SF B 203 B203
200 to 500 LUX
WC W C 64 64 SF SF 505 5 05
POCKET P OCK ET PARK PAR PA RK
REFERENCE R E FERENCE SEATING SEA SE A TING 1432 SF SF 1432 303 303
STAFF S TAFF L LOUNGE OUNGE 3 10 S F 310 SF B 11 110 0 B110
WC 64 6 4 SF SF B106 B106
WC 152 SF 152 S F B107 B107
RARE R A RE BOOK B OO OOK K VAULT V AULT 2554 2 554 S SF F B201 B20 B2 01
200 to 300 LUX
REFERENCECOLLECTION R EFERE NCECOLLE CTION BROWSING B ROWS ING AREA ARE A & N NEW EW B OOK OO K SEATING SEAT SEA TING BOOK Redundant R edun und dant Room Room B 114 B114
100 to 300 LUX
WC WC 152 SF SF 152 406 406
WC W C 151 1 51 S SF F 104 1 04
WC W C 70 7 0S SF F 105 1 05
F FICTION ICTION SE SEATING SEA A TING 7 793 93 S SF F 4 402 02
CORRIDOR CORR RRIIDOR 478 478 S SF F 102 1 02
CAFE C AF E 1314 SF SF 1314 B108 B10 B1 08
CORRIDOR C ORR RRIIDOR 1 417 S F 1417 SF B1 B11 11 B111
50 to 200 LUX
WC WC 152 152 SF SF 504 5 04
POCKET P OCK ET PARK PAR PA RK
C CORRIDOR ORR RRIIDOR 3 334 34 S SF F 4 401 01
READING R EA DING R ROOM OOM OO M 1 131 S F 1131 SF 4 03 403
DELIVERIES D ELIVE VER RIES & LOADING L OADING
CIRCULATION C IRCULA LAT TION D DESK ESK ES K 831 S F 831 SF 106 1 06
KITCHEN K ITCHEN 1 75 S F 175 SF B11 2 B112
MEMBER M EMBE R RECORDS RE CORDS 2 07 S F 207 SF B 10 103 3 B103
PLOTT PLOTTER PLO TER ER 1 171 71 S F SF B10 4 B104
50 to 100 LUX
MEETING MEE EET TING ROOM ROO OOM M 271 SF SF 271 507 507
MEETING M EET EE TING ROOM ROO OOM M 266 SF SF 266 506 506
CORRIDOR C ORR RRIIDOR 999 S F 999 SF 503 503
WC W C 6 4S F 64 SF 2 03 203
W WC C 1 152 52 S SF F 2 02 202
ADMIN. A DMIN. ASSIST AS SIS T 186 1 86 S SF F 2 210 10
ASSIST A S SIS T DIR. DIR. 177 SF 1 77 S F 212 212
EXEC. E X EC . D DIR. IR. 174 S SF F 174 209 2 09
BROWSING B ROW SING AREA AREA & NEW NEW BOOK BOO OOK KD DISPLAY ISPLA PLAY Y
LARGE LAR LA RG GE E SCANNER SCANNER R ROO ROOM OOM OO M DIGITAL D IGITAL M MEDIA EDIA A ARCHIVES RC CHIVES HIVE VES S 4 07 SF SF 407 527 5 27 S SF F B101 B101 B B113 113 11 3
L3 LEVEL THREE B1 BASEMENT ONE
REFERENCE R EFERE NCE D DESK ESK ES K 632 632 SF SF 302 3 02 TELECOMM T ELEC ELE COMM 1 66 SF SF 166 B109 B10 9 STORAGE S TORA GE 199 1 99 SF SF B105 B105
300 to 500 LUX
BASEMENT TWO B2
POCKET P OCK ET PARK PAR PA RK LOBBY/OPEN L OBB BBY Y/OP EN GALLERY GALLE LER RY 1518 1 518 S SF F 108 1 08
MULTIPURPOSE M ULTIPURPOSE ROOM ROO OOM M 1129 SF SF 1129 107 1 07
L4 LEVEL FOUR L1 LEVEL ONE
POCKET P OCK ET PARK PAR PA RK MULTIPURPOSE M ULTIPUR URP P OSE S STORAGE TORAGE 315 SF 3 15 S F B115 B 115 11 5
FICTION F ICTION C COLLECTION OLLE LEC CTION PERIODICALS PER PE RIODICALS COLLECTION COLLE LEC CT TION ION V E STIBULE VESTIBULE 125 1 25 SF SF 101 101
CUSTODIAL C US TODIAL W WORKROOM ORKROO OOM M 321 SF 3 21 S F B102 B102
STORAGE S TORA GE 115 1 15 SF SF 110 110 RECEPTION R E CEP EPT TION SERVICES SER SE RVICES 2 63 S F 263 SF 1 03 103
ADMIN A DMIN S SERVICE ERVICE 1 65 S SF F 165 2 207 07
L5 LEVEL FIVE L2 LEVEL TWO
NONFICTION N ONFICTION C COLLECTION OLLECTIION ON STAFF S TAFF M MEETING EE TING 248 2 48 SF SF 204 2 04
POCKET P OC KE KET T PARK PA RK C CORRIDOR ORR RRIIDOR 1 184 SF SF 1184 205 205
STAFF S TAFF WORKROOM WORK ROO OOM M 1050 SF 1 050 S F 208 208
POCKET P OC KE KET TP PARK A RK
POCKET P OC KE KET T PARK PAR PA RK STAFF S TAFF OFFICE OFFICE AREA A REA 4 31 SF SF 431 211 211
ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS FINAL STRUCTURAL PLANS
L2 LEVEL TWO
L5 LEVEL FIVE
L1 LEVEL ONE
L4 LEVEL FOUR
B1 BASEMENT ONE
L3 LEVEL THREE D C
B
A
82
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BASEMENT TWO B2
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ENLARGED PLAN & BAY STUDY Floor Assembly: CLT Floor Deck LAYER Cross-Lam Timber Deck Sound Insulation Hardwood Floor
DEPTH (ft) 0.33 0.08 0.0625
Wall Assembly: Brick Prefab Panel LAYER Masonry - Brick Fired Clay Concrete - Precast 1/4" th. Steel Studs @ 16" o.c. Batt Insulation (within studs) Gypsum Board - Type X
DENSITY (PCF) 150 150 492 1.1 42
Live Load: OCCUPANCY Book Stacks / Archives Egress Lobby / First Floor Corridor
PSF 150 100 100
D
DENSITY (PCF) PSF 36 12 1.1 4 17.1
C
HEIGHT (ft): 12 THICKNESS (in) PSF 3.625 45.3 4 50.0 6 1.82 5.5 0.50 0.625 2.19 TOTAL PSF: 99.8 FACADE PSF: 1197.83
B
CORE #1
PSF 80 50 60
OCCUPANCY Upper Corridors Administrative Offices Reading Rooms
25' - 0"
385.5 PLF
192.75#
STUDY CONDITION: Bay Length (ft) Bay Width (ft)
5
6
25 16
4
Floor to Floor (ft) Occupancy Load (psf)
12 60
Dead Loads (lb) Live Loads (lb) Total Loads
1368 4800 6168
385.5 Reactions (Beam A)
192.8
BEAM A: Girder Length (ft) Spacing (ft) Trib. Width Tributary Area (sf)
25 16 400
Dead Loads (lb) Live Loads (lb) Total Loads
6840 24000 30840
Point Loads (Beam C) Total Point Loads (lb)
4 1542
Distributed Point Loads Total Load/LF
61.68 1295
BEAM B: Spandrel Beam Length (ft) Spacing (ft) Trib. Width Tributary Area (sf)
16 2.5 40
Dead Loads (lb) Live Loads (lb) Façade Load (lb) Total Loads Total Load/LF
684 2400 1198 4282 267.6
COLUMN A: Interior Height (ft) Tributary Length (ft) Tributary Width (ft)
12 24 15
Reaction: Beam A (Girder) Reaction: Beam B (Beam) Total Load (lb):
32382 6168 38550
COLUMN B: Exterior Height (ft) Tributary Length (ft) Tributary Width (ft)
12 24 12.5
Reaction: Beam A (Girder) Reaction: Beam B (Beam) Total Load (lb):
16191 4282 20473
3
2
6
7
1
POTENTIAL SIZES: Species: Southern Pine PLF Length (ft.) Width (in.) Depth (in.) Cap (lbs.) Structural Member 25 5 24.75 1412 Beam A: Girder 1295.28 5.5 23.375 1381 6.75 20.625 1310 Beam B: Spandrel Beam 267.61 Beam C: Joist 385.5
16
3 3.5 5
12.375 12.375 12.375
589 687 982
Column A: Interior 38550
12
6.75 8.5 8.5 8.5 10.5
9.625 8.25 9.625 11 11
40858 47487 60051 72086 96033
Column B: Exterior 20473
12
5.5 6.75 6.75 6.75 8.5
8.25 6.875 8.25 9.625 8.25
22278 24975 34963 40858 47487
NF | JG | BW
Total Load/LF
A
)
192.75#
385.5 PLF
192.75#
192.75# 192.75# 1295.28 PLF
385.5 PLF
192.75#
BEAM C: JOIST
385.5 PLF
5'0β
A N M8550# OR LU 3 RI CO TE IN
267.61 PLF
5'0β
BEAM A: GIRDER
192.75#
B N M73# OR LU204 ERI CO XT E
BEAM B: SPANDREL
192.75#
5'0β
16' - 0"
5'0β
385.5 PLF
5'0β
7
BEAM C: Joist 16 Length (ft) Spacing (ft o.c.) Trib. Width 5 80 Tributary Area (sf)
B
C
CORE #2 PARTY WALL
83
ENVELOPE & ANALYSIS
EXPERIENTIAL STUDY BOOK NOOK
1 6
4 8 1 CEILING/FLOORING: OAK FLOORING FINISH 1/2β THICK RADIANT TUBING PANEL SUBFLOOR OAK CEILING FINISH
2 7
5
2 BAY FLOORING: OAK FLOORING FINISH 1/2β THICK RADIANT TUBING PANEL SUBFLOOR METAL SIDING 3 CURTAIN WALL: ALUMINUM SUPPORTS DOUBLE GLAZING
5
4 BAY WALL ASSEMBLY: METAL SIDING 1β INSULATION KEY SE 4β CONCRETE PRE-CAST 6β GLASS FIBER INSULATION ON METAL STUD 5/8β TYPE X GWB
3
5 BRICK WALL ASSEMBLY: BRICK CLADDING 1β INSULATION 4β CONCRETE PRE-CAST 6β GLASS FIBER INSULATION ON METAL STUD 5/8β TYPE X GWB
EXPLODED AXON
KEY SECTION KEY SECTION
8 BOOKSHELF 8 BOOKSHELF KEY PLAN @ THIRD FLOOR KEY PLAN @ THIRD FLOOR KE
6 BUILT-UP ROOF ASSEMBLY: METAL SIDING BUILT-UP ROOF 6β RIGID INSULATION PLYWOOD SHEATING
84
7 STRUCTURE ASSEMBLY: MASS TIMBER COLUMN MASS TIMBER GIRDER MASS TIMBER BEAM 8 BOOKSHELF 8 BOOKSHELF KEY PLAN @ THIRD FLOOR
EXPERIENTIAL STUDY UM & VIEWS
ATRIUM & BOOK NOOK ILLUMINACE
ATRIUM VIEW VIEW ATRIUM
NF | JG | BW
BOOK NOOK NOOK VIEW BOOK
85
THE ATHENAEUM GLOW
THE FUTURE LIBRARY Final Proposal Documentation & Views
NF | JG | BW 87
THE FUTURE LIBRARY 88
SITE DESIGN BUILDING AXON
SITE DESIGN SITE PLAN & SITE SECTIONS SITE PLAN & SITE SECTION
NF | JG | BW 89
THE FUTURE LIBRARY
ELEVATIONS & MATERIALITY ART- WALL ELEV
90
6TH STREET ELEVATION
S. RANDOLPH STREET ELEVATION
ST. JAMES STREET ELEVATION
PARTI- WALL ELEVATION
0 08
8
16
32
BUILDING SECTIONS
006
6
12
24
NF | JG | BW
LONGITUDINAL PERSPECTIVE
91
THE FUTURE LIBRARY
ARCHITECTURAL PLANS 18
15
8
16
8
16
8 17
15
15
15
3
3
LEVEL TWO L2
22
22
3
3
22
22
3
3
LEVEL FIVE L5 18
9
23 8 12
11
19
10
2
13
3
8
3
LEVEL ONE L1 4
2
1
2
6
8
7 21
14
20 2
2
3
3
B1 BASEMENT ONE
14
3
3
L3 LEVEL THREE ROOM LEGEND: 1
1 ARCHIVE ROOM 2 BUILDING SERVICE ROOM 3 WATER CLOSET 4 PLOTTING SUPPORT ROOM 5 KITCHEN 6 CAFE 7 STAFF ROOM 8 SEATING AREA
1
2
92
3
18
4
B2 BASEMENT TWO
3
LEVEL FOUR L4
5
4
23
2
0
8
16
32
9 VESTIBULE 10 MULTIPURPOSE ROOM 11 LOBBY/OPEN GALLERY 12 CIRCULATION DESK 13 RECEPTION DESK 14 REFERENCE AREA 15 STAFF OFFICE 16 STAFF MEETING ROOM
16 STAFF MEETING ROOM 17 ADMIN SERVICE 18 BOOK NOOK 19 READING ROOM 20 COPY CENTER 21 TECHNOLOGY AREA 22 MEETING ROOM 23 POCKET PARK
BUILDING SECTIONS
NF | JG | BW
TRANSVERSE PERSPECTIVE
93
THE FUTURE LIBRARY 94
THE ATHENAEUM
A MESH LIGHT BOX SITS ATOP A COLOR TERRACOTTA BASE
THE VESTIBULE
NF | JG | BW 95
THE VESTIBULE IS OPAQUE AND CONCEALED, YET A THRESHOLD TO ATRIUM APPEARS
THE FUTURE LIBRARY 96
THE ATRIUM
THE ATRIUM WELCOMES THE VISITOR, LIGHT BASKS THE ATRIUM AND FEEDS INTO THE CORRIDOR
NF | JG | BW 97
AT NIGHT, THE CORRIDOR GLOWS TO BRING LIGHT BACK INTO THE ATRIUM
THE FUTURE LIBRARY 98
THE BOOK NOOK
THE BOOK NOOK IS A MOMENT OF REFUGE PROTECTED FROM THE ATRIUM
THE READING ROOM
NF | JG | BW 99
THE READING ROOM IS TRANSPARENT WITH VIEWS TO WASHINGTON SQUARE
THE FUTURE LIBRARY 100
VIEW FROM ST. JAMES PLACE
BRICK SCREENS FACE THE RESIDENCES, SEMI-TRANSPARENT AND INTIMATE
NF | JG | BW 101
AT A DIFFERENT SCALE, THE MODEL SURFACE IS PUNCTURED TO EMULATE THE BRICK SCREEN
THE FUTURE LIBRARY 102
MODEL PHOTOS
THE FUTURE ATHENAEUM SITS WITHIN ITS CONTEXT
ST. JAMES PLACE ELEVATION (MIDTERM)
NF | JG | BW 103
ST. JAMES PLACE ELEVATION (FINAL)
THE FUTURE LIBRARY 104
FINAL FEEDBACK 1.
The design of the skylight within the atrium should not be flat and should contain a shading device to prevent overexposure.
2.
The circulation desk of the Athenaeum should be more transparent and connected to the vestibule. Libraries require security for the protection of the books.
3.
Mechanical and sprinkler systems should be considered in the assembly of the building. Mechanical systems require clearance and sprinklers need to protect the atrium.
4.
The learning stairs within the atrium are a great architectural feature, but their feasibility and intensity of use should be studied more. The sense of community is more evident in the book nooks and reading rooms, than the stair.
5.
The building interior materials are quite beautiful, but require an acoustical analysis to understand how echoey the atrium might become. Utilizing acoustical paneling, carpets, and area rugs the sound could be dampened.
NF | JG | BW 105
THE ATHENAEUM GLOW
APPENDIX
BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
8-17, 19,35,41,66 Photos by BEAU Architects
2
20 The Morgan Library & Museum. 2021. Etienne Louis BoullΓ©e. [online] Available at: <https://www.themorgan.org/collection/ drawings/247385> [Accessed 11 December 2021].
3
29,32 Behnisch.com. 2021. Behnisch Architekten / Genzyme Center. [online] Available at: <https://behnisch.com/work/ projects/0104> [Accessed 11 December 2021].
4
29 ArchDaily. 2021. Melbourne School of Design University of Melbourne / NADAAA + John Wardle Architects. [online] Available at: <https://www.archdaily.com/622708/melbourne-school-of-design-university-of-melbourne-john-wardle-architects-nadaaa> [Accessed 11 December 2021].
5
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6
41,55 Contract Design. 2021. Studio Ma Unveils Design for Arizona State University Interdisciplinary Science & Technology Building | Contract Design. [online] Available at: <https://www.contractdesign.com/news/projects/studio-ma-unveils-designarizona-state-university-interdisciplinary-science-technology-building/> [Accessed 11 December 2021].
7
45 ArchDaily. 2021. Nth Fitzroy by Milieu / FIELDWORK. [online] Available at: <https://www.archdaily.com/916342/nth-fitzroy-bymilieu-fieldwork-design-and-architecture> [Accessed 11 December 2021].
8 45 ArchDaily. 2021. Altis BelΓ©m Hotel / RISCO Architects. [online] Available at: <https://www.archdaily.com/53485/altis-belemhotel-risco-architects#:~:text=RISCO%20Architectsβ%20new%205%2Dstar,the%20Monument%20to%20the%20Discoveries.> [Accessed 11 December 2021]. 9
10
55 Archro.com. 2021. Perforated Metal Panels for Architectural Facade Design. [online] Available at: <https://www.archro.com/ products/perforated/perforated-facade.html> [Accessed 11 December 2021]. 61 ArchDaily. 2021. Owsley Brown II History Center / de Leon & Primmer Architecture Workshop. [online] Available at: <https:// www.archdaily.com/890378/owsley-brown-ii-history-center-de-leon-and-primmer-architecture-workshop> [Accessed 11 December 2021].
106
11 62 Boston Valley Terra Cotta. 2021. Architectural Terra Cotta Manufacturer Boston Valley Terra Cotta. [online] Available at: <https://bostonvalley.com/> [Accessed 11 December 2021]. 12
63 BLTa. 2021. The Bourse - BLTa. [online] Available at: <https://www.blta.com/portfolio/mixed-use-retail/the-bourse/> [Accessed 11 December 2021].
13
63 ArchDaily. 2021. Xintiandi Atrium Renovation / AIM Architecture. [online] Available at: <https://www.archdaily.com/960828/ xintiandi-atrium-renovation-aim-architecture> [Accessed 11 December 2021].
14
68-69 ArchDaily. 2021. Library and Seminar Centre BOKU Vienna / SWAP Architekten + DELTA. [online] Available at: <https:// www.archdaily.com/955587/library-and-seminar-centre-boku-vienna-swap-architekten-plus-delta> [Accessed 11 December 2021].